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    Forest Trees of Illinois How to Know Them
    Forest Trees of Illinois How to Know Them
    Forest Trees of Illinois How to Know Them
    Ebook187 pages1 hour

    Forest Trees of Illinois How to Know Them

    By Mattoon W. R., Miller R. B., Nuuttila E. E. and George D. Fuller

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 26, 2013
    Forest Trees of Illinois How to Know Them

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      Book preview

      Forest Trees of Illinois How to Know Them - Mattoon W. R.

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of Forest Trees of Illinois, by

      Fuller George D. and Nuuttila E. E. and Mattoon W. R. and Miller R. B.

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Forest Trees of Illinois

      How to Know Them

      Author: Fuller George D.

      Nuuttila E. E.

      Mattoon W. R.

      Miller R. B.

      Release Date: October 6, 2011 [EBook #37646]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOREST TREES OF ILLINOIS ***

      Produced by Mark C. Orton, Turgut Dincer and the Online

      Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

      STATE OF ILLINOIS

      OTTO KERNER, Governor

      FOREST TREES

      OF ILLINOIS

      HOW TO KNOW THEM

      A POCKET MANUAL DESCRIBING THEIR

      MOST IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS

      Revised by Dr. George D. Fuller, Professor

      Emeritus of Botany, University of Chicago,

      Curator of Botany, Illinois State Museum, and

      State Forester E. E. Nuuttila.

      (1st. ed., 1927, by Mattoon, W. R., and Miller, R. B.)

      Revised 1955

      DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION

      DIVISION OF FORESTRY

      SPRINGFIELD

      WILLIAM T. LODGE,

      Director

      (Printed by Authority of the State of Illinois)

      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      See pages 70 and 71 for Index of Scientific Names

      WHITE PINE Pinus strobus L.

      WHITE PINE

      Two-thirds natural size.

      THE white pine is found along the bluffs overlooking Lake Michigan in Lake and Cook counties and is also scattered along river bluffs in Jo Daviess, Carroll, Ogle and LaSalle counties. The only grove of this beautiful tree in Illinois is in the White Pines Forest State Park near Oregon, Ogle County, where there are trees over 100 years old that have attained a height of 90 feet with a diameter of 30 inches. This tree formerly formed the most valuable forests in the northeastern United States, stretching from Maine through New York to Minnesota. The straight stem, regular pyramidal shape and soft gray-green foliage made it universally appreciated as an ornamental tree and it has been freely planted throughout the State.

      The leaves, or needles, are 3 to 5 inches in length, bluish-green on the upper surface and whitish beneath, and occur in bundles of 5, which distinguishes it from all other eastern pines. The pollen-bearing flowers are yellow and clustered in cones, about ⅓ inch long at the base of the growth of the season. The seed-producing flowers occur on other twigs and are bright red in color. The cone, or fruit, is 4 to 6 inches long, cylindrical with thin usually very gummy scales, containing small, winged seeds which require two years to mature.

      The wood is light, soft, durable, not strong, light brown in color, often tinged with red, and easily worked. It was formerly much used in old colonial houses where even the shingles were of white pine. It is excellent for boxes, pattern making, matches, and many other products.

      Its rapid growth and the high quality of the wood make it one of the best trees for reforestation on light soils in the northern part of the State. The white pine blister rust was introduced into America about 35 years ago, and has since become widespread and highly destructive of both old trees and young growth.

      The Austrian pine, Pinus nigra Arnold, has been naturalized in Lake County and has been planted as an ornamental tree throughout the State. Its leaves in 2’s, from 3 to 5 inches long, stiff and dark green. The cone is heavy, 3 inches long with short prickles.

      SHORTLEAF PINE Pinus echinata Mill.

      SHORTLEAF PINE

      Leaves, one-half natural size. Fruit, natural size.

      THE shortleaf pine, sometimes called yellow pine, occurs in very small stands in the Pine Hills of Union County, in Jackson County, in Giant City State Park, and near Piney Creek in Randolph County. It forms forests on light sandy soils in Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas. At maturity, the tree has a tall, straight stem and an oval crown, reaching a height of about 100 feet and a diameter of about 4 feet.

      The leaves are in clusters of two or three, from 3 to 5 inches long, slender, flexible, and dark blue-green. The cones are the smallest of our pines, 1½ to 2½ inches long, oblong, with small sharp prickles, generally clustered, and often holding to the twigs for 3 or 4 years. The bark is light brownish-red, broken into rectangular plates on the trunk but scaly

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