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    A Simple Guide to Water Borne Diseases
    A Simple Guide to Water Borne Diseases
    A Simple Guide to Water Borne Diseases
    Ebook57 pages47 minutes

    A Simple Guide to Water Borne Diseases

    By Kenneth Kee

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    About this ebook

    Water-borne diseases are illnesses in developing countries which are caused by drinking or coming in contact with water contaminated by human or animal feces, which have pathogenic microorganisms.

    Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food which are infected in this way.

    Micro-organisms which can cause water borne disease are:

    1. Protozoal infections
    Amoeba
    Giardia

    2. Parasitic infections
    Schistosomiasis
    Enterobiasis(threadworms)

    3. Bacterial infections
    Cholera
    Dysentery
    Leptospirosis
    Typhoid fever

    4. Viral infections
    Hepatitis A

    Water-related human health issues have become increasingly important with the emergence of new water-related infection diseases and the re-emergence of already known ones.

    Most of the information is available for some water-, sanitation- and hygiene-related diseases such as salmonellosis, cholera, and shigellosis.

    For others such as schistosomiasis or legionellosis, the data still is incomplete.

    How are water borne diseases spread?

    Water borne diseases are usually spread by the contamination of drinking water systems with the urine and feces of infected animal or people.

    This happens where public and private drinking water systems get their water from surface waters such as rain, creeks, rivers or lakes which can be contaminated by infected animals or people.

    Dirty water from landfills, septic fields, sewer pipes, residential or industrial developments can also sometimes contaminate surface water.

    This has resulted in many outbreaks of fecal-oral (from feces to mouth) diseases such as cholera and typhoid.

    Other ways fecal material can reach the mouth may be from the dirty hands or contaminated food.

    Contamination of food is the most common way in which people become infected.

    The germs in the feces can cause the diseases by even minimum contact and spread.

    Contamination may also occur due to floodwaters, water overflow from landfills, septic fields, and sewer pipes.

    Ways to prevent contact with contaminated food include:

    1. improve the people’s hygienic behavior

    2. provide them with clean drinking water, washing, bathing facilities and proper sanitation.

    Clean water plays a very important part for reducing the spread of water-borne diseases.

    It is well recognized that the prevalence of water-borne diseases can be greatly decreased by providing clean drinking water and ensuring safe disposal of feces.

    Water is disinfected to kill any pathogens present in the water supply and also from growing again in the water supply

    Disinfection is then used to prevent the growth of pathogenic organisms and to protect public health and the choice of the disinfectant depends upon the individual water quality and water supply system.

    Without disinfection, the risk from waterborne disease is increased.

    The two most common methods to kill microorganisms in the water supply are:
    1. oxidation with chemicals such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide or ozone

    2. irradiation with Ultra-Violet rays

    The other way is to boil water to 100 degrees centigrade and cook food with high temperature.

    TABLE OF CONTENT

    Chapter 1 Water Borne Diseases

    Chapter 2 Amoebiasis

    Chapter 3 Giardiasis

    Chapter 4 Schistosomiasis

    Chapter 5 Cholera

    Chapter 6 Typhoid

    Chapter 7 Dysentery

    Chapter 8 Leptospirosis

    Chapter 9 Hepatitis A Infection

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateNov 16, 2012
    ISBN9781301279272
    A Simple Guide to Water Borne Diseases
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      Book preview

      A Simple Guide to Water Borne Diseases - Kenneth Kee

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      to

      Water Bourne

      Diseases

      by

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2012 Smashwords Edition

      Published By Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      to my wife Dorothy

      and my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      and Kelvin

      This book describes the Water Borne Diseases such as Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, Schistosomiasis, Cholera, Dysentery, Leptospirosis, Typhoid fever and Hepatitis A infection which are in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Chapter 1

      Water Borne Diseases

      What are Water Borne Diseases?

      Water-borne diseases are illnesses in developing countries which are caused by drinking or coming in contact with water contaminated by human or animal feces, which have pathogenic microorganisms.

      Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food which are infected in this way.

      Micro-organisms which can cause water borne disease are:

      1. Protozoal infections

      Amoeba

      Giardia

      2. Parasitic infections

      Schistosomiasis

      3. Bacterial infections

      Cholera

      Dysentery

      Leptospirosis

      Typhoid fever

      4. Viral infections

      Hepatitis A

      Water-related human health issues have become increasingly important with the emergence of new water-related infection diseases and the re-emergence of already known ones.

      Most of the information is available for some water-, sanitation- and hygiene-related diseases such as salmonellosis, cholera, and shigellosis.

      For others such as schistosomiasis or legionellosis, the data still is incomplete.

      How are water borne diseases spread?

      Water

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