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    Mannewar: A Tribal Community in India
    Mannewar: A Tribal Community in India
    Mannewar: A Tribal Community in India
    Ebook196 pages1 hour

    Mannewar: A Tribal Community in India

    By Omprakash S Bone

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    About this ebook


    Omprakash S Bone has a long-time acquaintance with the Mannewar Tribals, having researched on them in detail through census researches, a thorough perusal of their ways and customs, census references, historical and anthropological surveys.
    The author attempts to bridge the gap by trying to make the tribals aware of their rights and privileges, so as to bring them out of their poverty and illiteracy, ills that keep them moored in their ignorance, especially in the states of Maharashtra, M.P. and Chhattisgarh.
    This is a book that will appeal to lovers of history and to all those who strive to fight for tribal rights.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherNotion Press
    Release dateSep 30, 2015
    ISBN9789352063444
    Mannewar: A Tribal Community in India

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    • 4/5
      This book is very helpful for Mannewar Tribal people who are not knowing the root of tribes and also a researcher of tribes.

      1 person found this helpful

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    Mannewar - Omprakash S Bone

    Delhi

    Historical Background of Mannewar

    1663: A Mannewar forest tribal group was called an ancient group of India, with a history of 700 yrs. They belonged to the Dravidian family, and were the most important of the Non-Aryan or forest tribes. Generally Mannewar tribal people lived in forest areas for a long time. That’s how the tribal community became isolated from the outside world. Their main problems were poverty, illiteracy, exploitation by forest contractors and money lenders etc. They couldn’t solve their problems. Being an isolated group and the lowest caste which shifted from the Koyas, their earlier history was not notified by the literate groups. But the history and the life style of the Mannewar tribal community had been linked with the Nizam’s Government and the Royal Maratha empires, i.e. in the 16th century. In 1663, Mannewar people were specially appreciated in the novel, Raja Shiv Chatrapati, in the chapter called ‘Mudhol and Kurhad’ (Ref p.n. 523 to 533), where it is mentioned that, after the death of king, Raje Shahaji, (Nov.1663) King Shiv Chatrapati took responsibility of his kingdom, made all out efforts to unite the warriors of the different castes together, and planned to attack Vijapur.

    To win this war, military power and clever horse rider warriors were recruited from Mannewar, Bhil, Gond, Koli etc. (Oct 1664). In the war of October, 1664, a platoon of the Marathas, Mannewar, Bhil and Gond defeated Khan and his military power. Thus, Mannewar has an ancient heritage which cannot be denied.

    1818: As per the history of Tribal Mannewar, researched by K P Kumaran and notified in his book, ‘Migration Settlement and Ethnic Association’ (p.n.37–48), during the second quarter of the eighteenth century, the IInd Baji Rao Peshawa’s rule was at its nadir. He shifted his headquarters to Pune from 1796 to 1818. He observed that many artisans, traders, masons, priests, soldiers etc., and many Telugu speaking immigrants (including the Tribal Mannewars), were specially invited by the Peshawa to work in his various military departments, and for the construction of the city capital of Pune. (The Gazetteeer of Bombay Presidency (1882, pp 119–120),Vol.XIII).

    1891: As per Census of India, 1891, Vol. XXIII, part II (Chapters VII to XII) written by Mirza Mehdy Khan, Provincial Superintendent of Census Operations, - (90%) ninety per cent of the caste Mannewar are found in the district of Elgandal, formerly the capital of Telangana at the time of the Nizam’s Govt. At that time, this area came up under the Central Provision controlled by Indian British Government.

    1882: The first phase of migration of Telugu speaking people (including Mannewar) to the city of Pune started in the early decades of the 18ththcentury, during the time of the Peshwa’s dynasty. The group of Telugu speaking people known as ‘Kamathis’, were immigrants from Andhra Pradesh.(Ref. Gazetter of Bombay presidency (1882, pp.119–120 vol.XIII).

    1911: As per Census of India, 1911, Vol. X, Part I-Report, written by J T Matrten, Superintendent of Census Operations, Central Provinces and Berar, - the Mannewar derive their name from a Telugu word which means a forest. They are the lowest class of the Koyas from whom they have split. During the British regime, caste wise population was assessed and a report of the census was published in which the population of Mannewar was shown as 20,941. From 1911 onwards, the British gave them the status of a separate adivasi community. Further, (2nd batch immigrants) there were heavy losses of labourers due to migration at this time of year. A considerable number went to Nagpur, Wardha, Amravoti (Amravati) and Yeotmal, as also Balaghat and Chanda (Chandrapur).

    It is especially noticeable in the figures of the Betual and Chhindwada Districts, that the attraction of labourers on irrigation and mines in the Wainganga districts, and the improvement in communication afforded by the Satpura Railway, was high. A comparison with the figures of 1901 shows the transfer immigrant labour force working in the Seoni District, which was the headquarters of the Satpura Railway Construction in 1901.

    1931: As per Census of India, 1931, Vol.XII, Part I-Report, written by Shoobert, Superintendent of Census Operations, Central Provinces and Berar, it was accepted that the Mannewar Community were Minor (Forest) Tribals along with other tribes shown again in the census scheduled and their classification as shown against the Sr. No. 869.

    1935: Again in 1931 the assessment of various castes was done by CP & Berar Government, and a report published on 10.9.1935, in which ‘Mannewar’ caste is classified in the form of a small group of Adivasis.

    1941: The first Indian Draft Constitution has made provision for the Backward and Scheduled Tribes under section 37, to the effect that the State shall promote with special care, the educational and economic interest of the weaker section of the people and, in particular, the scheduled Castes and Tribes.

    The Schedule VIII appended to the Draft:-

    Constitution of India gives a list of caste and tribes re-organized as scheduled tribes throughout India (From Part VII of the Schedule, it appears 36 castes of CP & Berar have been included in it.)

    The CP Government recognized 54 castes as backward tribes in Amendment No. 478 of Nagpur dtd. 19th Feb. 1941 on page 16-B of Book Circular. The list vide item no. Castes of the CP & Berar in the Schedule VIII appended to the Draft Constitution.

    The list of the Backward castes are appended to the Draft Constitution. The CP Government has very kindly issued an Agenda to the revised list of Backward Classes issued under Education Department Notification No. 1519-Acd.Sd/the 4th December 1941, Amendment No. 2609-259-XXID/Nagpur 28th June 1947. The copy of the said constitution was forwarded to:

    1. Hon’ble Dr B R Ambedkar, Chairman, Drafting Committee-1Hardings, Avenue, New Delhi.

    2. Dr W S Barling, Minister In Charge, Backward Tribes of Nagpur.

    3. Pandit R S Shukla, Premier C. Nagpur.

    4. Pardhi - In the Narsinghpur sub division of the Hoshangabad District.

    5. radhan - In Berar, in the Bhandara, Chanda, Nagpur, Nimar, Raipur and Wardha District and in the Chhindwara District except in the Seoni sub Division, the roof.

    6. Pujjhar - In the Sohagpur Tahsil of the Hoshangabad District.

    II-LIST OF 54 NUMBERS OF BACKWARD TRIBES. INCLUDED IN THE DRAFT CONSTITUTION IN THE YEAR 1941.

    1941: The first Indian’s Draft Constitution has made provision for the Backward and Scheduled Tribes under section 37, to the effect that the State shall promote with special care, the Educational and Economic interest of the weaker section of the people, and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes and Tribes. Under which The CP Govt., recognized 54 castes as Backward tribes by Amendment No. 478 of Nagpur, the 19th February, 1941, at page 16-B of Book Circular. The list of the Backward Castes are appended to the Draft Constitution. The CP Government has very kindly issued an Agenda to the revised list of backward classes issued under Education Department Notification No. 1519-Acd.Sd/the 4th December 1941.

    Details of Backward Classes in each District of the Central Provinces and Bear. - dtd. 4th Dec. 1941

    1947: On 15th August 1947, our country got freedom, and the specific list of backward classes of 43 castes, was prepared and again revised, and the number of castes was increased. A total of l58 castes were approved, in which Mannewar caste was placed.

    1950: After Independence in 1947, a number of princely states were merged into Central Provinces and Berar, which, when the Constitution of India went into effect in 1950, become the new Indian state of M.P. state. The.M.P. Government formed its separate constitution, under which the Mannewar (Minor Tribe) caste was shown in the category of Scheduled Tribe list at Sr No 16.

    In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (1) of article 342 of the Constitution of India, the President, after consultation with the Governors and Rajpramukhs (Heads) of the States concerned, is pleased to make the following Order, namely:

    1953: In 1953 through a notification published

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