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    NCLEX-RN Drug Guide: 300 Medications You Need to Know for the Exam
    NCLEX-RN Drug Guide: 300 Medications You Need to Know for the Exam
    NCLEX-RN Drug Guide: 300 Medications You Need to Know for the Exam
    Ebook320 pages2 hours

    NCLEX-RN Drug Guide: 300 Medications You Need to Know for the Exam

    By Kaplan Nursing

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    About this ebook

    The most streamlined, portable, and easy-to-use drug guide to help you pass the NCLEX-RN! 

    This pocket-sized review for prospective nurses gives you the focused, key information you need to know about medications commonly seen on the test. Kaplan's NCLEX-RN Drug Guide includes:

    • Generic names, brand names, phonetic pronunciations, and drug families for 300 frequently tested medications
    • Concise nursing considerations and must-know side effects for each medication
    • NEW! Expert guidance for studying drugs effectively
    • Pregnancy risk category and controlled substance schedule for every drug
    • Common medical abbreviations you'll use on the job
    • Abbreviations to avoid when recording medication orders

    Terms are grouped by medication category, and each page features two terms with the complete explanations. With Kaplan's NCLEX-RN Drug Guide, you know you are getting the most up-to-date, expert information available to prepare for the exam!
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKaplan Test Prep
    Release dateAug 4, 2015
    ISBN9781506201986
    NCLEX-RN Drug Guide: 300 Medications You Need to Know for the Exam

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      NCLEX-RN Drug Guide - Kaplan Nursing

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Antihistamines

      CETIRIZINE HCL

      (se-teer-a-zeen)

      (Zyrtec)

      Side Effects

      Drowsiness

      Dry mouth 

      Diarrhea 

      Fatigue 

      Stomach pain 

      Vomiting 

      Nursing Considerations

      Relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms

      Relief of perennial allergic rhinitis caused by molds, animal dander, and other allergens 

      Avoid alcohol during cetirizine therapy 

      Call physician immediately for difficulty breathing or swallowing 

      Notify physician for hydroxyzine (Vistaril) allergy 

      Rx ; Preg Cat B

      CETIRIZINE HCL

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Antihistamines

      FEXOFENADINE

      (fex-oh-fen-a-deen)

      (Allegra)

      Side Effects

      Drowsiness

      Headache

      Dizziness

      Diarrhea

      Vomiting

      Pain

      Cough

      Hives

      Rash

      Itching

      Difficulty breathing

      Hoarseness

      Swelling

      Nursing Considerations

      Management of rhinitis, allergy symptoms, chronic idiopathic urticaria

      Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants

      60 mg tablet: onset within 1 hour, peak 2–3 hours, duration about 12 hours

      180 mg tablet: duration 24 hours

      Notify physician if taking erythromycin or ketoconazole (Nizoral)

      If taking aluminum magnesium antacid, take antacid a few hours before or after fexofenadine

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      FEXOFENADINE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Antihistamines

      HYDROXYZINE

      (hye-drox-i-zeen)

      (Atarax, Vistaril)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Drowsiness

      Dry mouth, nose, and throat

      Dizziness

      Headache

      Chest congestion

      Reddening of skin

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Treatment of pruritus, pre-op anxiety, post-op nausea and vomiting, to potentiate opioid analgesics, sedation

      PO: onset 15–30 minutes, duration 4–6 hours

      Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants

      Teach patient that dizziness/drowsiness may occur; use caution in potentially hazardous activities

      Treatment of symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

      Notify physician of diagnosis of glaucoma, ulcers, enlarged prostate gland, liver disease, hypertension, seizures, or hyperthyroidism

      Observe for difficulty breathing

      Muscle weakness

      Increased anxiety

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      HYDROXYZINE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Antihistamines

      LORATADINE

      (lor-a-ti-deen)

      (Alavert, Claritin)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Headache

      Dry mouth

      Epistaxis (nosebleed)

      Sore throat

      Diarrhea

      Rash

      Nervousness

      Weakness

      Stomach pain

      Wheezing

      Dysphagia

      Dyspnea

      Hives

      Swelling of face or extremities

      Hoarseness

      Mouth sores

      Insomnia

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Management of seasonal rhinitis

      Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants

      Take on empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals

      Onset 1–3 hours, peak 8–12 hours, duration ≥ 24 hours

      OTC, Rx ; Preg Cat B

      LORATADINE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Corticosteroids

      BECLOMETHASONE

      (be-kloe-meth-a-sone)

      (Beclovent, Beconase)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Dysphonia

      Hoarseness

      Oropharyngeal fungal infections

      Headache

      Sore throat

      Dyspepsia

      Unpleasant taste and smell

      Rhinitis

      Nausea

      Cough

      Angioedema

      Back pain

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis

      Prevention of recurrence of nasal polyps after surgical removal

      Nasal spray: onset 5–7 days (up to 3 weeks in some patients), peak up to 3 weeks

      Inhaler: onset 10 minutes

      Use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      BECLOMETHASONE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Corticosteroids

      FLUNISOLIDE

      (floo-niss-oh-lide)

      (Aerobid, Nasalide)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Dysphonia

      Hoarseness

      Oropharyngeal fungal infections

      Headache

      Sore throat

      Nasal congestion, cold symptoms

      Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

      Unpleasant taste, upset stomach

      Epistaxis (nosebleed)

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis

      Onset: few days

      Use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      FLUNISOLIDE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Corticosteroids

      FLUTICASONE

      (floo-tik-a-sone)

      (Flonase)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Dysphonia

      Hoarseness

      Oropharyngeal fungal infections

      Headache

      Sore throat

      Nasal congestion, cold symptoms

      Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

      Unpleasant taste, upset stomach

      Epistaxis (nosebleed), nasal irritation

      Hives

      Dyspnea

      Dysphagia

      Angioedema

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis

      Nasal spray: onset within 2 days, peak 1–2 weeks

      Use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      FLUTICASONE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Corticosteroids

      FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE SALMETEROL

      (floo-tik-a-sone proe-pee-oh-nate sal-meh-te-role)

      (Advair Diskus)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

      Headache

      Dysphonia, hoarseness

      Throat irritation, cough

      Oropharyngeal fungal infections

      Muscle and bone pain

      Viral respiratory infections, bronchitis

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Used when asthma is not well controlled with long-term inhaled corticosteroids; COPD

      Oral inhalation; rinse mouth with water after inhalation

      Twice-daily dosage, 12 hours apart; used long term

      Use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status

      Monitor growth of pediatric patient

      Monitor for glaucoma and cataracts

      May decrease bone mineral density

      Monitor for eosinophilic conditions, hypokalemia, and hyperglycemia

      May increase risk of pneumonia in patients with COPD

      May cause worsening of infections

      Check oral cavity for Candida albicans

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE SALMETEROL

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Corticosteroids

      MOMETASONE

      (moe-met-a-sone)

      (Nasonex Spray)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Dysphonia

      Hoarseness

      Oropharyngeal fungal infections

      Headache

      Sore throat

      Nasal congestion, cold symptoms

      Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

      Unpleasant taste, upset stomach

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis

      Nasal spray: onset few days, peak up to 3 weeks

      Use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      MOMETASONE

      Allergy and Asthma Medications

      Corticosteroids

      TRIAMCINOLONE

      (try-am-sin-oh-lone)

      (Nasacort AQ Spray)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Dysphonia; hoarseness

      Oropharyngeal fungal infections

      Headache

      Sore throat

      Nasal congestion, cold symptoms

      Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

      Unpleasant taste, upset stomach

      Epistaxis (nosebleed)

      Flu syndrome

      Increased cough

      Bronchitis

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis

      Nasal spray: onset few days, peak 3–4 days

      PO/IM: peak 1–2 hours

      Use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status

      Rx ; Preg Cat C

      TRIAMCINOLONE

      Analgesics

      Analgesics

      Nonopioid Analgesics

      ACETAMINOPHEN

      (a-seet-a-min-a-fen)

      (Tylenol)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Anemia (long-term use)

      Liver and kidney failure

      Dyspnea (prolonged high doses)

      Angioedema

      Hives, itching

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Treatment of mild pain or fever

      PO: onset less than 1 hour, peak 30 minutes to 2 hours, duration 4–6 hours

      Rectal: onset slow, peak 1–2 hours, duration 3–4 hours

      Take crushed or whole with full glass of water

      Can give with food or milk to decrease GI upset

      Signs of chronic poisoning: rapid, weak pulse; dyspnea; cold, clammy extremities

      Signs of chronic overdose: bleeding, bruising, malaise, fever, sore throat, anorexia, jaundice

      OTC ; Preg Cat B

      ACETAMINOPHEN

      Analgesics

      Nonopiod Analgesics

      Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine

      (a-seet-a-min-a-fen/ as-pir-in/kaf-een )

      (Excedrin)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Upset stomach, heartburn

      Depressed mood, anxious or restless feelings

      Insomnia

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Management of mild to moderate pain or fever

      Do not give to children or teenagers with fever, flu symptoms, or chickenpox; Reye syndrome may develop

      Watch out for symptoms of stomach bleeding or liver problems

      ACETAMINOPHEN/ASPIRIN/CAFFEINE

      Analgesics

      Nonopioid Analgesics

      ASPIRIN

      (as-pir-in)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Nausea, vomiting

      Rash

      Angioedema

      Dyspnea

      Melena

      Tinnitus

      GI bleeding

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Management of mild to moderate pain or fever, transient ischemic attacks, prophylaxis of MI, ischemic stroke, angina

      PO: onset 15–30 minutes, peak 1–2 hours, duration 4–6 hours

      Rectal: onset slow, 20%–60% absorbed if retained 2–4 hours

      With long-term use, check for liver damage: dark urine, clay-colored stools, yellowing of skin and sclera, itching, abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea

      For arthritis, give 30 minutes before exercise; may take 2 weeks before full effect is felt

      Discard tablets if vinegar-like smell

      Do not give to children or teens with flulike symptoms or chickenpox; Reye syndrome may develop

      OTC ; Preg Cat C

      ASPIRIN

      Analgesics

      Nonopioid Analgesics

      CELECOXIB

      (sel-eh-cox-ib)

      (Celebrex)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Fatigue

      Anxiety, depression, nervousness

      Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, dry mouth, constipation

      Angioedema

      Hives

      Dyspnea

      Back pain

      Tachycardia

      Jaundice

      Dysuria

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Management of acute, chronic arthritis pain and primary dysmenorrheal pain relief within 60 minutes

      Onset: 24–48 hours, duration 12–24 hours

      Can take without regard to meals

      Increasing doses do not appear to increase effectiveness

      Do not take if allergic to sulfonamides, aspirin, or NSAIDs

      Rx ; Preg Cat C for first and second trimester ; Preg Cat D for third trimester

      CELECOXIB

      Analgesics

      Nonopioid Analgesics

      IBUPROFEN

      (eye-byoo-proe-fen)

      (Advil, Motrin IB)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Headache

      Tinnitus

      Nausea, anorexia

      Dizziness

      Blood dyscrasias

      Constipation

      GI bleeding

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrhea, gout, dental pain, musculoskeletal disorders, fever

      Onset: 30 minutes, peak 1–2 hours

      Contact clinician if ringing or roaring in ears, which may indicate toxicity

      Contact clinician if changes in urinary pattern, increased weight, edema, increased pain in joints, fever, or blood in urine, which may indicate kidney damage

      Use sunscreen to prevent photosensitivity

      Avoid use with ASA, NSAIDs, and alcohol, which may precipitate GI bleeding

      Avoid use with anticoagulants

      May have an increased risk of MI or stroke

      OTC, Rx ; Preg Cat B

      IBUPROFEN

      Analgesics

      Nonopioid Analgesics

      NAPROXEN

      (na-prox-en)

      (Aleve [OTC], Naprosyn)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      GI bleeding

      Blood dyscrasias

      Tinnitus

      Headache

      Insomnia

      Vision changes

      Rash

      Angioedema

      Jaundice

      Tachycardia

      Back pain

      Nausea

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Management of mild to moderate pain

      Treatment of rheumatoid, juvenile, and gouty arthritis; osteoarthritis; primary dysmenorrhea

      Patients with asthma, ASA hypersensitivity, or nasal polyps have increased risk of hypersensitivity

      Contact clinician if blurred vision or ringing or roaring in ears, which may indicate toxicity

      Contact clinician if black stools, flulike symptoms

      Contact clinician if changes in urinary pattern, increased weight, edema, increased pain in joints, fever, or blood in urine, which may indicate kidney damage

      Avoid use with ASA, steroids, and alcohol

      May increase risk of MI or stroke

      OTC, Rx ; Preg Cat B

      NAPROXEN

      Analgesics

      Opioid Analgesics

      CODEINE

      (koe-deen)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Drowsiness, sedation

      Nausea, vomiting, anorexia

      Respiratory depression

      Constipation

      Orthostatic hypotension

      Dysuria

      Hives

      Dyspnea

      Syncope

      Angioedema

      Seizures

      NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

      Treatment of moderate to severe pain, nonproductive cough

      PO: onset 30–45 minutes, peak 60–120 minutes, duration 4–6 hours

      IM/subQ: onset 10–30 minutes, peak 30–60 minutes, duration 4–6 hours

      Do not give if respirations are less than 12 per minute

      Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants

      Withdrawal symptoms may occur: nausea, vomiting, cramps, fever, faintness, anorexia

      Physical dependency may result from long-term use

      Rx C-II, III, IV, V (depends on route) ; Preg Cat C

      CODEINE

      Analgesics

      Opioid Analgesics

      HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE/ ACETAMINOPHEN

      (hye-droe-koe-doan)

      (Lortab, Vicodin)

      SIDE EFFECTS

      Dizziness

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