Great Maritime Inventions, 1833-1950
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About this ebook
Great Maritime Inventions 1833-1950 is a delightful look at how innovative Maritime ideas changed the world. Between 1833 and 1950, over 3,300 patents were granted to residents of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and PEI. From the scuba tank to the variable pitch propeller to two-piece long underwear, Great Maritime Inventions profiles the best of the best. Included are inventions that are considered to be great advances in science, those that have substantially changed the course of development of technology, or those that have enjoyed a lasting success that can still be remembered or observed to this day.
All of the inventions described in the book were completely novel in their day. Each patent is first in its classification, or else its claims are so broad that the intellectual property protection it gave covered every possible precursor. Before a patent was granted, an applicant had to declare that their invention was entirely new. Each application then underwent a thorough examination by expert examiners at the patent office. Each of the patents in Great Maritime Inventions were found to represent knowledge newly available to the public, and to be an important step forward in engineering or in developing consumer products that enhance our lives. Not all inventions were spectacular. In fact, many of these inventions never made it into the history books. It is only after fifty years or more that we realize the influence that every one of these inventions has had on our society. Each invention, large or small, was an important link in the chain of evolution of science and useful arts and has improved the way we live today.
Mario Theriault
Mario Theriault is passionate about patents. A professional patent agent from Fredericton, New Brunswick, he is a graduate of the Université de Moncton and has more than 20 years of engineering experience in electric power distribution, pulp & paper, metal working, machine design and quality systems. In 1995 he became a registered patent agent and currently runs Mario D. Theriault and Company, his own firm.
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Great Maritime Inventions, 1833-1950 - Mario Theriault
GREAT MARITIME INVENTIONS
1833-1950
GREAT
MARITIME
INVENTIONS
1833-1950
Mario Theriault
Copyright © Techniplans Inc., 2001.
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Any requests for photocopying of any part of this book should be directed in writing to the Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency.
Edited by Rhona Sawlor.
Book design by Julie Scriver.
Printed in Canada by Transcontinental Printing.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data
Theriault, Mario, 1951-
Great Maritime inventions, 1833-1950
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-86492-324-4
1. Inventions — Maritime Provinces — History.
2. Patents — Maritime Provinces — History.
I. Title.
T227.M37T48 2001 608.7715 C2001-901729-4
Published with the financial support of the Canada Council for the Arts, the Government of Canada through the Book Publishing Industry Development Program, and the New Brunswick Culture and Sports Secretariat.
Goose Lane Editions
Suite 330, 500 Beaverbrook Court
Fredericton, New Brunswick
CANADA E3B 5X4
www.gooselane.com
To all my client inventors, who have inspired me to write this book,
and most of all to my wife Norma,
whose support and encouragement made all things easy.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
A note of appreciation is extended to the Public Archives of Nova Scotia, to the Public Archives and Records Office of Prince Edward Island, to the Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, to the Canadian Intellectual Property Office in Hull, and to the United States Patent and Trademark Office in Washington, DC. A special thank you is extended to Carole Choinière of the Canadian Intellectual Property Office and to Palmer C. DeMeo of Palmer Patent Consultants in Woodbridge, Virginia, for their valuable assistance in identifying these memorable inventions and locating the related patent documents. Thank you again to Mr. DeMeo for having researched and explained the US patent law in force during the period covered by this book. Thank you to Rhona Sawlor for having elegantly edited this book. Thank you to Cheryl Hulberg for her assistance in typing the manuscript. Thank you also to Yoland Mallet of the Canadian Intellectual Property Office for having rejuvenated a copy of the Canadian patent for the Acme Club Skate.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CONSUMER GOODS: FOOD
Ice Cream Soda
Confectionery Marker
Key-Opening Cans
Tea and Coffee Pot
Fish Oil Products
Fruit and Flake Cereal
Sardine Cans
Frozen Marinated Fish
CONSUMER GOODS: CONVENIENCES
Clothes Washer with Wringer Rolls
Clip-On Skates
Cold Water Soap
Ironing Board
Electric Telephony
Combined Hot and Cold Water Faucets
Vortex-Flushing Toilet Bowl
Adjustable Underwear Combination
Winter Cap with Foldable Elastic Ear and Head Band
Toothbrush with Replaceable Bristles
Gum Rubber Shoes
Replaceable Pool Cue Tip
Crossword Game
ENGINEERING: FARMING & INDUSTRY
Fishway
Scuba Tank
Compound Steam Engine
Kerosene
Potato Digger
Rubber-Lined Pulleys
Hay Carrier
Vane Pump
Roller Bearing
Connecting Link
Pulp Press and Wood Pulp in Sheets
Cultivating and Hilling Machine
ENGINEERING: TRANSPORTATION
Boat Propeller
Odometer
Snow Blower
Track Clearer (Miller’s Flanger)
Separable Baggage Check
Cycle Runner
Wood and Canvas Canoe
Rein Connector (Quick-Release Buckle)
Airplane Position Indicator
Stabilizing Bar for Vehicle Suspension System
Automobile Backup Light
Dump Box for Truck
Variable Pitch Propeller
Partitioned Concrete Sidewalk
Tempering of Steel Rails
Red Pavement
ENGINEERING: CONSTRUCTION
Strain Gauges
Rotary Ventilator
Inserted Saw Tooth
Thermal Windowpane
Pipeless Furnace
Weatherstrip
APPENDIX
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
The patent for the Acme Club Skate, granted to John Forbes of Halifax, Nova Scotia, on February 17, 1872. Courtesy of the Canadian Intellectual Property Office.
INTRODUCTION
Letters Patent are granted to applicants for bringing into use