Standard Catalog of Military Firearms: The Collector's Price and Reference Guide

Standard Catalog of®

MILITARY FIREARMS

The Collector’s Price and Reference Guide

4TH EDITION

PHILLIP PETERSON

© 2007 by

Krause Publications

All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a critical article or review to be printed in a magazine or newspaper, or electronically transmitted on radio, television, or the Internet.

Published by

www.gundigestbooks.com

Our toll-free number to place an order or obtain a free catalog is (800) 258-0929.

The views and opinions of the author expressed herein are not necessarily those of the publisher, and no responsibility for such views will be assumed.

In regard to the mechanical and safety aspects of the guns covered in this book, it is assumed that the guns are in factory original condition with the dimensions of all parts as made by the manufacturer. Since alteration of parts is a simple matter, the reader is advised to have any guns checked by a competent gunsmith. Both the author and publisher disclaim responsibility for any accidents.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2007923820

ISBN 13: 978-0-89689-477-8

ISBN 10: 0-89689-477-0

Printed in the United States of America

Designed by Patsy Howell

Edited by Dan Shideler

DEDICATION

To my wife Kelly

and my sons Eric and Evan,

for their patience and understanding

and for putting up with me during the editing of this volume.

CONTENTS

Dedication

Changes to the 4th Edition

Acknowledgments

Photo Credits

Auction House Credits

Contributing Editors

Introduction

Grading System

Pricing

Biography

How Did They Get Here?

by Phillip Peterson

Class III Firearms

by Ned Schwing

Appendix

——— DIRECTORY ———

ARGENTINA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Shotguns

Machine Guns

AUSTRALIA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AUSTRIA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

BELGIUM

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

BRAZIL

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

CANADA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

CHINA & PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Handguns

Chinese Mausers

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

DENMARK

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

EGYPT

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

FINLAND

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

FRANCE

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

GERMANY

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Shotguns

Machine Guns

GREAT BRITAIN

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

HUNGARY

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

ISRAEL

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

ITALY

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Shotguns

Machine Guns

JAPAN

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

MEXICO

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

NETHERLANDS

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

NORWAY

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

POLAND

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

PORTUGAL

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

ROMANIA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

RUSSIA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

SPAIN

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

SWEDEN

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

SWITZERLAND

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

TURKEY & OTTOMAN EMPIRE

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

UNITED STATES

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Shotguns

Machine Guns

YUGOSLAVIA-SERBIA

Handguns

Submachine Guns

Rifles

Machine Guns

CHANGES TO THE 4TH EDITION

Some changes you will find in these pages:

I have changed several entries to better reflect the items that a collector is likely to find here in the United States. An example of this is the Argentine Model 1891 Mauser rifle. Nearly all of these that are encountered in this country had the Argentine crest ground from the receiver. Yet the previous edition made no mention of this at all. So I list the gun with the ground receiver and then add a premium notation for examples with the intact crest. I have treated other models in similar fashion, that is, according to the current mainstream of military firearms collecting in the United States.

A few entries have been moved to the chapter of the nation that actually used an item, rather than the nation where it was made. Firearms made for countries that do not have a separate chapter in this book will remain under the nation that made them.

A new chapter has been added for Egypt. I decided to do this when I found that there were no listings for the Egyptian FN 1949, Hakim and Rasheed rifles or the Helwan pistol.

Also, I have removed pricing for Class III dealer sample firearms. There is no good reason to confuse general readers with pricing on guns that can be owned only by federally-licensed dealers. The dealers will know the going rate for these restricted items.

Now Including Bayonets!

Bayonets are being added to this edition of Standard Catalogue of Military Firearms. Why add bayonets and not other accessory items? Unlike accessories such as slings, cleaning kits, magazines, clips, etc., I think bayonets are an item that many collectors like to acquire to display with the military rifles they own. Some rifles issued with an attached bayonet, such as the SKS, Vz-52 and Mannlicher Carcano Cavalry Carbine were already included in this book, so it just seemed a natural extension to add other bayonets as well.

In my years of dealing in military firearms and bayonets, it has become obvious to me that there are some collectors of military rifles who have no idea what a particular bayonet looks like. They all look alike to an untrained eye. Somebody will point to a Japanese Type 30 bayonet and ask if it fits an M-1 Garand. That is why I decided to include pictures of bayonets. The bayonet entries in this edition will include a picture if I could find an example to show. Blade length and type, handle material, and other identifying features will be included. Manufacturers’ name and other markings on examples shown will be noted. I might mention that this is an ongoing project, and future editions will include even more bayonet listings – and possibly some other accessories as well.

The bayonets and pricing included in SCMF are not intended to be a comprehensive collectors’ guide. There is not enough space available to mention all known variations or makers. Some variations will be worth much more than others to collectors. For detailed reference I suggest the reader consult a bayonet collectors’ work such as Bayonets, From Janzens’ Notebook.

My sincere thanks to the following individuals who allowed me to photograph bayonets in their possession:

Mark Augsberger

Larry Brown

Paul Bunin

Mike Cook

Nyle Johnson

Ben Payer

Jerry Pierfederici

James Romig

The reader may find the following schematic helpful in understanding the bayonet listings included in this book:

I hope the above changes have resulted in a more accurate, more interesting, and easier-to-use book.

BASIC BAYONET NOMENCLATURE

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Orval Reichert is a collector of WWII-era semi-automatic pistols, especially the P38, and has been an invaluable help in sorting out a sometimes confusing array of pistol variations. He can be reached at P.O. Box 67, Vadar, WA, 98593.

Joe Gaddini, of SWR, has provided invaluable technical assistance on Class III firearms and suppressors. He can be reached at 119 Davis Road, Suite G-12, Martinez, GA, 30907.

Thanks to Eric M. Larsen for his information concerning Federal firearms laws.

Special thanks go to Simeon Stoddard, former curator of the Cody Firearms Museum, for his research into and contributions concerning the M1 Garand rifle.

Nick Tilotta is an expert on Thompson submachine guns. He helped to explain the subtle differences between models and can be reached at P.O. Box 451, Grapevine, TX, 76099.

Don Westmoreland is a serious student of Japanese and German WWII automatic weapons. His knowledge was extremely valuable.

Gunsmith Stan Andrewski can be reached at 603-746-4387 and is recommended to anyone needing firtst-class work on Class III weapons.

Dan Shea, editor and publisher of Small Arms Review, lent his mastery of Class III firearms.

Ted Dawidowicz of Dalvar USA lent numerous photos of imported Polish military firearms. He may be reached at 702-558-6707.

Jim Alley (937-773-4203) of IDSA Books was most generous in granting use of his extensive personal library.

Blake Stevens (905-342-3434) of Collector Grade Publications shared his vast knowledge as well as select photographs from his personal collection.

The suggestions of Ricky Kumor, Sr., and J. B. Wood contributed much to earlier editions of this book – and to this one as well.

The assistance of small arms expert James Rankin is gratefully acknowledged.

Mark Keefe, editor of American Rifleman, contributed valuable information on Lee-Enfield rifles.

Richard Wray and Ken Keilholz shared their encyclopedic knowledge and photographs of Class III firearms, without which this would be a lesser book.

J. R. Moody was generous in his assistance concerning Class III and sniper weapons.

Thanks go out to Pedro Bello for sharing his extensive knowledge of machine pistols.

Charlie Cutshaw provided valuable information on rare and hard-to-find military weapons.

Paul Miller and John M. Miller, CWO, U. S. Army (Ret.), generously shared their deep knowledge of military weapons.

Bob Naess is an expert of machine guns and their values, and he kindly lent his assistance to this volume.

Mike LaPlante generously straightened out the maze of variations found in the AR-15 and M16 family of weapons.

And, finally, our thanks go to Ned Schwing, former editor of this volume.

PHOTO CREDITS

Many of the full-format photos appearing in this book were taken by photographer extraordinaire Paul Goodwin.

A special acknowledgment to Kris Leinicke, curator of the Rock Island Arsenal Museum, for providing full access to the museum’s outstanding firearms collection.

Karl Karash supplied photos from his personal collection of Colt 1911s.

Jim Rankin shared many photos from his vast personal collection.

Robert Fisch, curator of the museum at the United States Military Academy at West Point, was most generous in sharing the museum’s treasure trove of historically significant firearms.

Blake Stevens of Collector Grade Publications shared numerous photos from his outstanding and comprehensive books.

Roberty Segel supplied many beautiful photos of his superb collection of vintage machine guns.

Charles Kenyon lent outstanding Luger photographs, many of which appear in his landmark book, Lugers at Random.

Chuck Karwan shared many photos from his extensive photo archives of military weapons.

Ricky Kumor, Sr., went out of his way to photograph many of the fine military firearms that pass through his shop.

Tom Nelson of Ironside International Publishers kindly allowed us to reprint some of his photos of rare weapons from his outstanding series of books on automatic weapons.

John M. Miller helpfully supplied photos of early military firearms.

Paul Scarlata was generous with photos not only of military firearms but of other fascinating historical subjects.

Ryerson Knight was most helpful with photos of pocket pistols.

And, finally, thanks to Dr. Leonardo M. Antaris for the use of the outstanding photos from his book, Star Firearms.

AUCTION HOUSE CREDITS

The following auction houses were kind enough to allow the Catalog to report unusual firearms from their sales.

The directors of these auction concerns are acknowledged for their assistance and support.

Amoskeag Auction Company, Inc.

250 Commercial Street, Unit #3011

Manchester, NH 03101

Attention: Jason or Melissa Devine

603-627-7383

603-627-7384 FAX

Bonhams & Butterfield

220 San Bruno Avenue

San Francisco, CA 94103

Attention: James Ferrell

415-861-7500 ext. 3332

415-861-8951 FAX

Old Town Station Ltd.

P.O. Box 15351

Lenexa, KS 66285

Attention: Jim Supica

913-492-3000

913-492-3022 FAX

Rock Island Auction Company

1050 36th Avenue

Moline, IL 61265

Attention: Patrick Hogan

800-238-8022

309-797-1655 FAX

Greg Martin Auctions

660 Third Street, Suite 100

San Francisco, CA 94107

800-509-1988

415-522-5706 FAX

Little John’s Auction Service, Inc.

1740 W. La Veta

Orange, CA 92868

Attention: Carol Watson

714-939-1170

714-939-7955 FAX

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS

Bob Ball

Springfield Armory & Mauser rifles

P.O. Box 562

Unionville, CT 06085

Bailey Brower

Savage military pistols

P.O. Box 111

Madison, NJ 07940

Jim Cate

J.P. Sauer pistols

406 Pine Bluff Dr.

Chattanooga, TN 37412

423-892-6320

Jason Devine

Winchester lever actions

250 Commercial Street, Unit #3011

Manchester, NH 03101

603-627-7383

603-627-7384 FAX

Gene Guilaroff

Modern military firearms

P.O. Box 173

Alvaton, KY 42122

270-622-7309

e-mail: arclight@nctc.com

Karl Karash

Colt Model 1911 & 1911A1

288 Randall Road

Berlin, MA 01503

978-838-9401

987-589-2060 FAX

Chuck Karwan

Colt New Service, Browning High-Power, Lee-Enfield, Webley revolvers

958 Cougar Creek Road

Oakland, OR 97462

541-459-4134

Richard M. Kumor Sr.

c/o Ricky’s Gun Room

WWII era military firearms

P.O. Box 286

Chicopee, MA 01021

413-592-5000

413-594-5700 FAX

e-mail: Rickysinc@aol.com

Web site: rickysinc.com

Gale Morgan

Luger and Mauser pistols

Pre-World War I pistols

P.O. Box 72

Lincoln, CA 95648

916-645-1720

Robert E. Naess

Class III guns of all types

P.O. Box 471

Cavendish, VT 05142

802-226-7204

e-mail: margoc@mail.tds.net

Jerry Prasser

Recon Ordnance Company

Class III & military weapons

P.O. Box 829

Fond du Lac, WI 54936

920-922-1515

920-922-0737 FAX

Jim Rankin

Walther pistols & pre-war auto pistols

3615 Anderson Road

Coral Gables, FL 33134

305-446-1792

Orvel Reichert

World War II-era semi-automatic pistols

P.O. Box 67

Vader, WA 98593

360-245-3492

e-mail: mr.p38@localaccess.com

Joe Schroeder

Steye/Mannlicher pistols

P.O. Box 406

Glenview, IL 60025

847-724-8816

847-657-6500

847-724-8831 FAX

John Stimson Jr.

High Standard pistols

540 W. 92nd St.

Indianapolis, IN 46260

317-831-2990

Simeon Stoddard

Swiss, Swedish, and Finnish rifles

P.O. Box 2283

Cody, WY 82414

Jim Supica

Smith & Wesson

P.O. Box 15351

Lenexa, KS 66285

913-492-3000

Nick Tilotta

Western Firearms Co.

Thompson submachine guns

P.O. Box 451

Grapevine, TX 76099

817-481-6616

817-251-5136 FAX

www.westernfirearms.com

Denis Todd

M16s

239 Baltimore Pike

Springfield, PA 19064

610-543-7300

dtoddmg@aol.com

Michael Wamsher

World War I & II Weapons

17732 West 67th Street

Shawnee, KS 66217

913-631-0686

INTRODUCTION

Welcome to the fourth edition of the Standard Catalog of Military Firearms. The cover names me as the editor, but I certainly can’t claim credit for total authorship. This book came to me as the completed third edition. I must give credit to the previous editor, who set the scope of this work.

I must also give thanks to the other contributors whose work appears within these covers for their insights about specialized fields of collecting. In most of these cases I have left their information intact. These individuals are the experts in their fields and they certainly know more than I do about their corner of the firearms collecting universe. Of course, much of the pricing has been changed to reflect recent trends. I have also retained many of the Snap Shots that are provided by noted firearms writers. These are interesting bits of history and individual impressions of some of the firearms found in this book.

Additional thanks to the auction houses, collectors and photographers that provided a majority of the pictures that are being re-printed in this edition.

And a final credit must be extended to my friend Dan Shideler, editor of the new editions of Standard Catalog of Firearms, Modern Gun Values, and several other books from Krause Publications. It was Dan who helped me get started in my writing career by suggesting I submit some columns for Gun List (now Gun Digest Magazine) when it added editorial content. A year later he informed me that a vacancy had arisen as editor of Standard Catalog of Military Firearms. Dan convinced the powers that be to give me a shot at this book. So here it is.

I hope you find it enjoyable, informative and helpful.

Phillip Peterson

0771 S. 500 East

Avilla, Indiana 46710

GRADING SYSTEM

In the opinion of the editor all grading systems are subjective. It is our task to offer the collector and dealer a measurement that most closely reflects a general consensus on condition. The system we present seems to come closest to describing a firearm in universal terms. We strongly recommend that the reader acquaint himself with this grading system before attempting to determine the correct price for a particular firearm’s condition. Remember, in most cases, condition determines price.

NIB—New in Box

This category can sometimes be misleading. It means that the firearm is in its original factory carton with all of the appropriate papers. It also means the firearm is new; that it has not been fired and has no wear. This classification brings a substantial premium for both the collector and shooter. The NIB category will not be included with most listings in SCMF as few military issue firearms can be found in NIB condition. The only exceptions are a few commercial versions of military firearms that are includ ed in the book because no genuine examples exist on the U.S. market.

Excellent

Collector quality firearms in this condition are highly desirable. The firearm must be in at least 98 percent condition with respect to blue wear, stock or grip finish, and bore. The firearm must also be in 100 percent original factory condition without refinishing, repair, alterations, or additions of any kind. Sights must be factory original as well. This grading classification includes both modern and antique (manufactured prior to 1898) firearms.

Very Good

Firearms in this category are also sought after both by the collector and shooter. Firearms must be in working order and retain approximately 92 percent metal and wood finish. It must be 100 percent factory original, but may have some small repairs, alterations, or non-factory additions. No refinishing is permitted in this category. Both modern and antique firearms are included in this classification.

Good

Modern firearms in this category may not be considered to be as collectable as the previous grades, but antique firearms are considered desirable. Modern firearms must retain at least 80 percent metal and wood finish, but may display evidence of old refinishing. Small repairs, alterations, or non-factory additions are sometimes encountered in this class. Factory replacement parts are permitted. The overall working condition of the firearm must be good as well as safe. The bore may exhibit wear or some corrosion, especially in antique arms. Antique firearms may be included in this category if their metal and wood finish is at least 50 percent original factory finish.

Fair

Firearms in this category should be in satisfactory working order and safe to shoot. The overall metal and wood finish on the modern firearm must be at least 30 percent and antique firearms must have at least some original finish or old re-finish remaining. Repairs, alterations, nonfactory additions, and recent refinishing would all place a firearm in this classification. However, the modern firearm must be in working condition, while the antique firearm may not function. In either case, the firearm must be considered safe to fire if in a working state.

Poor

Neither collectors nor shooters are likely to exhibit much interest in firearms in this condition. Modern firearms are likely to retain little metal or wood finish. Pitting and rust will be seen in firearms in this category. Modern firearms may not be in working order and may not be safe to shoot. Repairs and refinishing would be necessary to restore the firearm to safe working order. Antique firearms will have no finish and will not function. In the case of modern firearms, their principal value lies in spare parts. On the other hand, antique firearms in this condition may be used as wall hangers or as an example of an extremely rare variation or have some kind of historical significance.

Grading/Pricing Sample Format

PRICING

The firearms prices listed in this book are RETAIL PRICES, that is, the prices at which you can reasonably expect to buy firearms from a dealer or collector. Any firearm can bring more or less depending on many variables. If you choose to sell your gun to a dealer, you will not receive the retail price but instead a wholesale price based on the markup that particular dealer needs to operate.

Also, in certain cases there will be no price indicated under a particular condition but rather the notation N/A or the symbol — . This indicates that there is no known price available for that gun in that condition or the sales for that particular model are so few that a reliable price cannot be given. This will usually be encountered only with very rare guns, with newly introduced firearms, or more likely with antique firearms in those conditions. Many antique firearms will be seen in the good, fair, and poor categories.

The prices listed here come from a variety of sources: retail stores, gun shows, individual collectors, and auction houses. Due to the nature of business, one will usually pay higher prices at a retail store than at a gun show. In some cases, internet auctions will produce excellent buys or extravagant prices, depending on any given situation.

In recent years, internet sales of collectible firearms has become a major factor in this market. Auction sites such as www.AuctionArms.com or www.GunBroker.com have nearly overtaken storefront or gun show purchases for many collectors. In my own business, I find that the auction sites bring me more buyers with more money than I ever had from traditional venues. I usually set up at gun shows to buy merchandise then sell it on line so as to reach more buyers. The better-quality military arms I find rarely ever get displayed on my gun show table; they sell online first – frequently for more than they will bring locally. The downside of this for those not participating in the internet revolution is that they are missing out on a lot of interesting historical firearms that will never be offered through any other venue. This internet selling has leveled out the market. Any pricing found online is going to reflect a nationwide trend. In the old days one could find seasonal and regional differences in the prices of collectibles. A small gun or pawn shop in the middle of farm country might have had a matching Luger priced at $450 sit on the shelf for years. The local buyers weren’t interested because they purchased their firearms for hunting, not collecting. Now these local dealers need only offer these slow-selling guns on the internet and they suddenly have the entire country as potential customers.

Collectors will sometimes pay higher prices for a firearm that they need to fill out their collection, when in other circumstances they will not be willing to pay market price if they don’t have to have the gun. The point here is that the price paid for firearms is an ever-changing affair based on a large number of variables. The prices in this book are a GENERAL GUIDE as to what a willing buyer and willing seller might agree on. You may find the item for less, and then again you may have to pay more depending on the variables of your particular situation. There is a saying among collectors that goes I didn’t pay too much for this gun, I bought it too soon. This reflects a solid trend with collectible firearms that the prices continue to rise with each year.

Some factors are unique when attempting to set a price on a collectible military firearm, for example the presence of import markings or matching numbers. Both of these can have an impact on the value of a collectible firearm. How much? Good question.

Import Markings

Under the terms of the Gun Control Act of 1968, all firearms imported to the U.S. must be marked with certain information. This includes importer, model, country of origin and caliber. While this does not have any effect on new sporting firearms, it does add non-original markings to vintage military guns. In 1986, when military surplus firearms were once again legal for importation, most importers put all the required information in a very small stamping on the side of the barrel. In the mid-1990s, the government established new size criteria for the markings and most importers had to enlarge them. They also required that military surplus firearms be marked with a unique serial number on the receiver. This was because it was discovered that original serial numbers could have been duplicated on similar models. This new number is the one that gets recorded in the transfer records for a particular firearm.

In cases where identical models were imported in both pre-1968 and post-1986 eras, the non import marked examples might bring a higher price to some collectors.

To further confuse the issue, some importers recently started using a dot matrix import marking on the receivers of their products. They put all the required information on the receiver, not just the serial number. In some cases this is placed over the original markings. Now, to me, that does have an impact on the value. Since many collectors seek out examples based on unique markings, having those marks covered with new ones must reduce the desirability of these arms. Again, there is no set amount to discount these billboard marked guns; just be aware that many buyers will pass by such items.

Matching Numbers

Many foreign military firearms had all or part of the serial number stamped on the main pieces of the gun. The Germans were particularly fond of the practice. A Luger P-08 pistol or 98K Mauser rifle has the last two digits of the serial number stamped on almost every piece of the gun that is large enough for it to fit. Other manufacturers might only number main components. Some did not number anything but the receiver or barrel. Each country and maker had their own practice. Some entries in this edition will list parts numbering practices for the item. Some do not. I tried including the information when I began this project but found it took up too much space and time to go into such detail for each item. Suffice it to say that if you are examining a military firearm and any major part bears a number different than the one on other major parts, it is probably mismatched.

How much a mismatched part on a gun might affect the price is another factor that is impossible to include in the listings. If a major part such as the bolt is not matching, many collectors would not be interested in an item at any price. A bargain shopper looking for a shootable example of an item might not care that no two pieces on a gun have matched numbers. A good thing to remember is that higher the collector demand and price of an item, the more a mismatched part will impact the price.

Luckily for the collectors of U.S. military firearms, we seldom used the practice of numbering any parts but the receiver. There might be assembly or contractor numbers but not serial numbers. Only some early 1911 pistols numbered the slides internally.

I also mention in these pages several recently-imported models. In some cases this importation has caused a significant price reduction due to temporary oversupply of the market. The Russian Model 1891/30 rifles and Yugoslavian Model 59/66 SKS are examples. Other items, like the Swedish Mauser rifles that were imported in quantity in the late 1980s, have disappeared from wholesaler inventory and now command prices significantly higher than only a few years ago.

Many items that were imported in the 1950s and 60s have not been brought in since the 1986 lifting of the ban on imported military surplus. In these cases there is no accurate way to determine how many of a particular model were imported in the pre-GCA 1968 days. Detailed records of the old imports were not usually kept. Many of the companies of that era no longer exist. Likewise, there are some models and variations listed in this book that have never been imported to this country in quantity. I still needed to apply some sort of price information for these, even if I could find no actual examples of pricing during research for this edition. In such cases I have simply made an educated guess. This is based on personal experience with similar models and my assumptions of demand and scarcity of a given model. In some cases I may be wrong. A serious collector who has been searching for a particular variation to fill a void in his collection may very well be willing to spend much more than any price given in this book.

The price ranges listed in these pages come from the author’s personal experience, observations of vendors at gun shows and online, and opinions of some collectors whose bayonets were photographed for use in this book. There will, of course, be examples that the reader might find that are outside the price range included here. In the final analysis, the prices listed herein are given to assist the shooter and collector in pursuing their hobby with a better understanding of what is going on in the marketplace. If this book can expand one’s knowledge, then it will have fulfilled its purpose.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

There are a number of excellent comprehensive books on military history for the period that this volume covers. Perhaps the best, at least in my opinion, are two outstanding studies by Edward Ezell. They are: Small Arms of the World, 12th edition, Stackpole Books, 1983, and Handguns of the World, Stackpole Books, 1981.

For early military revolvers, the two-volume work by Rolf H. Muller, Geschichte und Technik der Europaischen Militarrevolver, Journal-Verlag Schwend, 1982, is excellent.

For modern military weapons, Jane’s Infantry Weapons gives a broad overview, with technical data, of just about any modern military weapon in use in recent times.