The Books of Truth: Psalms, Proverbs, Job
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About this ebook
What will unlock the mysteries of Torah and the Prophets for us?
The third major division of the Hebrew canon is called the Writings. The first section of the Writings contains the Books of Truth: Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. These three books introduce a variation in the musical scores. Their music illustrates the forms of the poetry.
Like the Torah, the Psalter is divided into five books. They are an immense score, tightly tied together by the integrative power of the music over their carefully repeated words and phrases. Hear how note piles on note to say after the exit from Egypt (Psalm 114), go on immediately to the next psalm: Not to us Yahweh not to us, but to your name give glory…
Let the simple learn the craft of music by singing the introduction to the Proverbs. Hear them with the music, because evidence they speak, and in the opening of the lips, uprightness.
The story of Job is constructed using both the music of the Psalms and Proverbs for its speeches, and the music of the other 21 books for its prologue, epilogue, and the words of the narrator. The narrator is quite aware of the structure of the dialogues, as is illustrated by the music.
The Books of Truth raise questions about how we are to hear and recite the Law and the Prophets.
The Books of Truth is volume 5 of the series, The Hebrew Bible and Its Music.
Bob MacDonald
Bob MacDonald is a retired West Australian Police officer of thirty years experience. Bob's last day at school was his 14th birthday - commencing work, the very next day, in a timber mill in his home town of Pemberton, West Australia.He later self-educated and enlisted in the West Australian police force, retiring as a superintendent in the Internal Investigations Branch of the Professional Standards portfolio.Since retirement Bob has been working at remote aboriginal communities in Central Australia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. He also did a tour of duty on the island nation of Cyprus with the United Nations Blue Beret Peacekeepers.Bob, a keen sportsman continues with various sporting activities; which also includes fishing and camping trips. Writing articles for various magazines and now venturing into anecdotal short story compilations and fictional manuscripts ensures Bob leads a busy life.
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The Books of Truth - Bob MacDonald
The Books of Truth
Psalms, Proverbs, Job
A close translation for the original music
by
Bob MacDonald
The Hebrew Bible and its Music, Volume 5
Energion Publications
Gonzalez, Florida, U.S.A.
2019
The Books of Truth
Copyright © D. Robert MacDonald 2019, 2021 – all rights reserved.
Cover Design: The author
ISBN: 978-1-63199-630-6
Energion Publications
P. O. Box 841
Gonzalez, Florida, 32560
850-525-3916
www.energionpubs.com
4 October 2021 20:52
10 9 8 7 6 5 4
The Cover
A fractal enclosing a treble clef suggests both the intricate organization of the Biblical language and the music embedded in the manuscripts.
Other books by the author
Seeing the Psalter, Patterns of Recurrence in the Poetry of the Psalms, Energion 2013
The Song in the Night, According to the melody in the accents of the Hebrew text, Energion 2016
(With Jonathan Orr-Stav) The SimHebrew Bible, The Hebrew Bible in Simulated Hebrew – with English Guide, Qualum Publishing 2021
Books in this series
1 The Torah, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
2 The Former Prophets, Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
3 The Major Prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel
4 The Twelve, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
5 The Books of Truth, Psalms, Proverbs, Job
6 The Five Scrolls, Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Qohelet, Esther
7 The Remaining Writings, Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah, Chronicles
8 A Biblical Hebrew to English Concordance
9 A is for Abandon, An English to Biblical Hebrew Alphabet Book
10 The Progression of the Music, The Accents of the Hebrew Bible
Preface
Psalms, the most beloved book of the Hebrew Bible, is one of the three ‘books of truth’ in the Hebrew canon. These are named from the first letter of the name of each book, aleph א for Job, איוב, mem מ for Proverbs, משׁלי, and taf ת for the Psalms, תהלים. Aleph-mem-taf, the first, the middle, and the last letters of the Hebrew alphabet, spell the word emet, אמת, which may be read as truth.
This close translation was initially developed to show in English the intricate patterns of repeated words in Hebrew poetry. Having discovered the inferences concerning the music at a conference on the Psalms in 2010, the author decided that the whole corpus of the Hebrew canonical text should be approached to allow English speaking readers some understanding of the music. The translation retains the order of Hebrew words wherever reasonable, so that changes in reciting note and ornaments can be in English on the same syllable that corresponds to the Hebrew.
The line breaks have been chosen to correspond with the major rest points as indicated in the Hebrew manuscripts by the accents. These are the cadences in the music. The cadence on the subdominant, and the cadence on the supertonic formed by the pair of accents, ole-veyored. A third pause (the revia) is not marked in the text by a new line, but is in the music as a mordent. The music is derived based on the deciphering key developed by Suzanne Haïk-Vantoura in the latter half of the twentieth century. All the music is available as noted below, though only a small portion of it has been performed.
In the English text of this volume next to the verse number, you may see a letter. This letter is the first note of the verse if the first note is not the default (e). Such a first note indicates that the verse is somehow related to what has come before it. The nature of the relationship is not specific. You the reader / singer must decide how the opening relates to what has been already. When you see a ~, it indicates an ornament on the first note.
The notes of the scale in the default mode for these books are d, e, f#, g, A, B, C. Absolute pitch is not important. Sing the music wherever it is comfortable for your voice. For instruction on the music, see The Song in the Night.
The music for all 929 chapters of the Hebrew Bible is all available online through the pages at https://meafar.blogspot.com.
This edition includes minor changes to the translation from 2019-2021.
Table of Contents
Preface
List of Musical Examples
Introduction to the Bible and its Music
What is unique in this reading?
Where is the best place to start reading the Bible?
The Psalms
Book 1 Psalms 1 – 41
Book 2 Psalms 42 – 72
Book 3 Psalms 73 – 89
Book 4, Psalms 90 – 106
Book 5, Psalms 107 – 150
Proverbs
Job
Prologue
The First Cycle
The Second Cycle
The Third Set of Speeches
Wisdom
Job’s Defense
Elihu
Yahweh
Epilogue
Acknowledgements
List of Musical Examples
Score 1 The opening of Job showing its connection to Torah
Score 2 Psalm 18:46 No longer at ease
Score 3 Psalms 36:8-9 Enthrallment עדנ (Eden) occurs only here in the Psalms
Score 4 The invitation
Score 5 The corporate trouble
Score 6 The personal trouble
Score 7 The reason for trouble
Score 8 The hope
Score 9 Reality
Score 10 Glory
Score 11 First acrostic (part 1), a celebration of the preceding poem
Score 12 Acrostic celebration, part 2
Score 13 To the extremity of the world
Score 14 Verdant loveliness
Score 15 Surely goodness and kindness
Score 16 Book 1 Doxology
Score 17 Longing
Score 18 A good matter
Score 19 The witness within
Score 20 You are right to speak
Score 21 Fear and trembling
Score 22 Judgment with equity
Score 23 Doxology and signature, Book 2
Score 24 One of many blessings
Score 25 Book 3 Doxology
Score 26 Inescapable light
Score 27 Sing
Score 28 Renewal
Score 29 Book 4 Doxology
Score 30 The second oracle
Score 31 The celebration of the oracle
Score 32 A doubled celebration
Score 33 Tonus peregrinus
Score 34 Non nobis domine, attacca from 114
Score 35 Hope
Score 36 Praise
Score 37 Mimicing Psalm 8
Score 38 Celebrating Psalm 144, the final acrostic
Score 39 All the breath-bearing praise Yah
Score 40 The speaking of evidence
Score 41 Oppressing the weak
Score 42 The lamp of Yahweh
Score 43 Knowledge of wisdom
Score 44 A consistent economic instruction
Score 45 A playful imitation of Genesis 1:1
Score 46 Uncreation
Score 47 Fiat
Score 48 Reaped of days
Score 49 Ellipsis
Score 50 Where is wisdom found
Score 51 Job instructed and parabled
Score 52 The burning of the child of Barakel the Buzite
Score 53 Where were you
Score 54 The time of the cliff-dwelling mountain goats
Score 55 Fearsome Leviathan
Score 56 Job's daughters
Introduction to the Bible and its Music
This reading of the Bible is in seven sections according to the divisions of traditional Judaism. First the three major divisions: Torah, Prophets, and Writings. Torah is not further subdivided. The prophets are subdivided into three: the former prophets, and the latter prophets, which in turn are in 2 sections: the three major prophets, and the twelve. The Writings are similarly divided into three: The books of truth, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job, the five scrolls, The Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Qohelet, and Esther, and the remaining writings, Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah, and Chronicles.
What is unique in this reading?
Music
This English reading of the Hebrew Bible is intended to be the ground for an underlay to the musical score. The deciphering key of Suzanne Haïk-Vantoura is a full musical clarification of the text, not just verse by verse but as a whole. The shape of each part of the text becomes transparent. To learn Hebrew, it is good to begin with hearing the music.
JOB_001_001-1Score 1 The opening of Job showing its connection to Torah
The playful first verse of the Book of Job (the third book in this volume) mimics the opening verse of Genesis. Job addresses directly the problem of creation and justice.
For every book, some examples of the music are included. The music is best sung in Hebrew, but the translation is close enough to allow a non-Hebrew reader to know what the words signify. The accents are always aptly placed. The scores show by the presence of a bar line a change in reciting note and by implication, the accentuation of the word, and the rest point(s) for the recitation.
The reciting note is an indication of tone of voice. A recitation on the mid-verse rest note, the subdominant, often indicates a point of security or consolation in the verse. A high recitation on the submediant, may be a note of warning or of grief. The ornaments (accents over the text) may indicate significant similarities in the surrounding text. The opening note of a verse, if not the default tonic (as in this case), indicates a connection with prior verses or even a prior book or set of books.
Recurring words
This reading began with the Psalms and a deliberate intent to highlight the recurring words in the poetry. Recurring words, like the music, are an objective aspect of language. Given an appropriate glossary by stem, the computer can produce a cross-tab by verse showing repetition patterns for a section of text or a comparison of two separate sections of text. The poetry of the Psalms is filled with many surprising examples.
Concordance
The algorithms that were used to support this work strive for a one-to-one mapping of Hebrew stems to English lemmas.
Take nation as an example of an English lemma form. In English we recognize nation in a word form like nationalize or international. This word has the same lemma at its base. Similarly, Hebrew words in their many word forms have a stem. For example, the Hebrew stem גוי, goi, occurs in the Hebrew text 561 times in 23 distinct word forms. In this reading it is always rendered as nation, a word derived from the idea of native, i.e. where you were born.
In contrast to a consistent simple rendering, when the King James translators of the Bible translated גוי they used a variety of glosses in English, nation, heathen, Gentiles, people. Some variety may be necessary. Sometimes there are different nuances to the use of a word, even different senses for the same stem. In this case, however, the nuance of heathen has a negative and prejudicial intent to an English reader. There did not seem to be an adequate reason to suppose that such negative intent was intended by the Hebrew, so this reading does not use heathen as a gloss. Gentile also escaped usage. And people, for this reading, is the gloss for עם, a different stem.
As in English, there are Hebrew stems that indicate two or more differing senses, i.e. homonyms in Hebrew. For example, the children of the alien below (score 2). The stem נכר is may be rendered as the verb recognize, or the adjectives alien, or foreign.
In contrast to the one-to-one simplicity of nation, and the several more complex one-to-many mappings, there are several stems in Hebrew describing common human actions, like walk, come, go, bring. In both languages these glosses are multi-faceted and were allowed to have a many-to-many mapping between the two languages. There are relatively few of these stems, about 1%, perhaps 2 dozen in all, but they are common and pervasive in our speech and our writing. They account for about 4% of the words in the Hebrew canon.
PSALMS_018_046-1Score 2 Psalm 18:46 No longer at ease
One consequence of this process is that if a stem is used only once in the Hebrew text, then there is an obligation to find a unique English gloss for it. There are over 200 such single-usage stems (hapax legomena) in the concordance for this reading. Of these 65 are in these three books of poetry. The hapax above is the stem חרג, rendered in homage to T. S. Eliot as no longer at ease.
The children of the alien will wither,
no longer at ease from within their prisons
Another consequence of this process is that with words where the translator allows multiple English glosses simply for the sake of variation, the translator may inadvertently create a hapax in the English where there is not one in the Hebrew.
There are also some compromises in the algorithms. This reading allows exceptions to the rules for figures of speech and word games, especially when imitating an alphabetic acrostic. It also allows some helping verbs and prepositions to distinguish some stems from others. E.g. hold back, hold fast, lay hold of, hold innocent, are all separate stems. In these cases the English is a multi-word gloss for a more complex sense in each Hebrew stem for which there may be no convenient single word English gloss.
Grammatical connectors like prepositions are notorious for not mapping consistently to single values. There are various reasons for this difference in languages. Sometimes, a preposition is implied by the usage of a verb. One language may require it and the other assume it. Each preposition has a dominant sense, but will not always take its dominant sense. Identifying the exceptions is subjective. For example, the prefix ב b, in Hebrew is usually in, but it may also be rendered as any one of a number of other glosses. In this reading for the books in this volume, it is rendered as follows: about(5), against(21), among(41), as(3), at(21), because(1), by(44), for(6), from(7), her(2), him(2), his(3), in(815), into(43), its(2), my(2), of(9), on(37), over(3), their(1), through(2), to(20), under(1), when(46), with(123), your(3), and there are several times when it is left untranslated.
This brings up a significant difference between Hebrew and English ‘words’. A Hebrew word is more like an English phrase than an English word. Pronouns and prepositions may be separate words as in English but are very frequent as suffixes. In Psalm 18:46, we see how a long word ממסגרותיהם can be generated from a three letter stem, סגר. The first mem is a preposition, the second forms a noun from the verb, the stem follows, then the feminine plural, and finally the third person plural pronoun, the yod simply forming a bridge for ease of pronunciation.
In addition to these prefixes and suffixes, verb forms are many, and their affixes indicate their form including person, gender, number, mode, voice, and aspect. Both English and Modern Hebrew think in person, gender, number, mood, voice, and tense: past, present, or future. While there is both history and story time in Biblical Hebrew, the selection of past, present, or future is by no means cut and dried. Tense may be indeterminate, and there may be more emphasis in the verb form on the aspect of continuing or completed action. In English we would chose continuing present, imperfect and so on. This indeterminacy of tense and aspect is even more evident in the poetry books in this volume.
Translation of Names
Thirteen percent of the words in the Bible are classified as names. There are only a few in these three poetry books.
Eden, for example, is that well-known garden first mentioned in Genesis. It is found only once in the Psalms under its alternate gloss, enthrall.
Score 3 Psalms 36:8-9 Enthrallment עדנ (Eden) occurs only here in the Psalms
Where is the best place to start reading the Bible?
There are long books and short books. There are books that lay out long periods of history and books that provide a key to interpreting. For instance Job provides a key to interpreting Torah, particularly Genesis and Deuteronomy. Job is the third of the poetry books. The Song of Solomon, the first of the five scrolls is also a key to Torah. The Song is one of the five scrolls.
There are also books of prose and books of poetry. Poetry is scattered throughout the Hebrew canon, but three books stand out and are called poetic, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. They are marked as poetry by a slightly different set of accents.
Many people attempt to read the Bible starting at Genesis and working their way through in the sequence of the books. But they generally get bogged down, often somewhere in Exodus or Leviticus. The poetry and the scrolls are good starting points. Sing also, if possible, and observe or hear the structure in its form from the music. There are many examples of the music interspersed in the text. All the musical scores have been transcribed as described here: https://meafar.blogspot.com/p/music.html.
The Psalms
Book 1 Psalms 1 – 41
Psalm 1
¹f Happy the person who does not walk in the advice of the wicked,
and in the way of sinners does not stand,
and in the seat of the scornful does not sit.
PSALMS_001_001-1Score 4 The invitation
²C In contrast: in the instruction of Yahweh is his delight,
and in his instruction he mutters day and night.
³ Such a one will be like a tree transplanted by streams of water,
that gives its fruit in its time and its leaf does not wither.
And in all that it does, it thrives.
⁴ Not so the-many wicked,
in contrast: like chaff that wind blows.
⁵ So they will not arise, the wicked, in the judgment,
nor sinners in the assembly of the-many righteous.
⁶ For Yahweh knows the way of those righteous,
but the way of those wicked will perish.
Psalm 2
PSALMS_002_001-1Score 5 The corporate trouble
¹g Why such a throng of nations?
and tribes in empty muttering?
²f They station themselves, these sovereigns of earth, these rule-makers reasoning as one,
over Yahweh and over his anointed:
³g Let us snap their bonds,
and kiss good-bye to their cords.
⁴ The one sitting in the heavens, he laughs.
My Lord derides them.
⁵C Then he will speak to them in his anger,
and in his burning vex them.
⁶g I myself have offered as libation my own king,
on Zion, my holy hill.
⁷ I will recount the decree.
Yahweh promised to me: You are my son.
I myself this day gave birth to you.
⁸ Ask me and I give the nations as your legacy,
and as yours to hold fast, the ends of the earth.
⁹g You will injure them with an iron sceptre.
Like fashioned vessels, you will smash them.
¹⁰g So now, you sovereigns, let there be insight.
Be warned you who judge on earth.
¹¹ Serve Yahweh in fear,
and rejoice in trembling.
¹² Kiss, each of you, pure lest he be angry and you perish in the way,
for he kindles as a hint of his anger. Happy are all who take refuge in him.
Psalm 3
¹ A psalm of David,
when he ran away from the face of Absalom his son.
PSALMS_003_002-1Score 6 The personal trouble
²g Yahweh, how multiplied my straits!
Many arise over me.
³ Many say of me,
There is no salvation for him in God. Selah.
⁴ But you, Yahweh, a shield about me,
my glory, and lifting high my head.
⁵g My voice, to Yahweh I call,
and he answers me from his holy hill. Selah.
⁶ I lie down and I sleep.
I awake,
for Yahweh supports me.
⁷ I will not fear the multiplicity of people,
that surround set over me.
⁸~ Arise Yahweh. Save me my God for you strike all my enemies on the cheek.
The teeth of the wicked you break.
⁹ Of Yahweh is the salvation.
On your people your blessing. Selah.
Psalm 4
¹ For the leader on strings. A psalm of David.
² When I call answer me, my God my righteousness. In straits you have made spacious room for me.
Be gracious and hear my prayer.
PSALMS_004_003-1Score 7 The reason for trouble
³ Children, each of you, how long will you humiliate my glory? your love empty?
your seeking a lie? Selah.
⁴ Now set down this: Yahweh reserved one who is under mercy as his own.
Yahweh will hear when I call to him.
⁵ Shudder and do not sin.
Promise in your heart where you lie down and be mute. Selah.
⁶ Offer offerings of righteousness,
and trust in Yahweh.
⁷ Many say, Who will show us good?
Prove over us the light of your face, Yahweh!
⁸ You have given gladness in my heart,
more than when their grain and their new wine multiplied.
⁹ In peace as one I will lie down and sleep,
for you Yahweh of solitude,
to trust you let me sit.
Psalm 5
¹ For the leader on the flutes. A psalm of David.
² To my promise give ear Yahweh. Discern my meditation.
³ Attend to the voice of my cry, my king and my God,
for to you I pray.
⁴ Yahweh, morning, you will hear my voice.
Morning I will arrange for you and I will be on lookout.
⁵C For not a God who delights in wickedness are you.
Evil is not your guest.
⁶ Boasters have no station before your eyes.
You hate all workers of mischief.
⁷ You will make the speakers of a lie to perish.
A person of blood and deceit Yahweh will abhor.
PSALMS_005_007-1Score 8 The hope
⁸ But I, in your abundant mercy, will go into your house.
I will worship in your holy temple in your fear.
⁹ Yahweh, guide me in your righteousness on account of my watchers.
Upright to my face be your way.
¹⁰C For there is no stability in its mouth. Within them calamities.
An open tomb their gullet.
With their tongues they divide.
¹¹ Declare them guilty O God. Let them fall in their conspiracies.
In their many transgressions banish them,
for they provoked you.
¹² And all those who take refuge in you will be glad. Forever they will shout for joy and you will overshadow them.
And they who love your name will be elated in you.
¹³ For you yourself will bless a righteous one,
Yahweh.
As the grappling hook with acceptance you will crown him.
Psalm 6
¹ For the leader on strings over octaves. A psalm of David.
² Yahweh, do not in your anger correct me,
and do not in your heat chasten me.
PSALMS_006_002-1Score 9 Reality
³ Be gracious to me, Yahweh, for I, I am feeble.
Heal me Yahweh,
for vexed are my bones.
⁴g And my being is vexed much.
And you, Yahweh, how long?
⁵ Turn Yahweh, rescue my being.
Save me for the sake of your kindness.
⁶C For there is not in death remembrance of you.
In the grave who will give thanks to you?
⁷ I am weary with my sighing. I make my couch swim every night.
In my tears my bed I dissolve.
⁸ Swollen from grief my eye,
viscous in all my troubles.
⁹B Depart from me, all workers of mischief,
for Yahweh has heard the voice of my weeping.
¹⁰ Yahweh hears my supplication.
Yahweh will my prayer receive.
¹¹ Shamed and vexed much all my enemies.
Let them turn, let them be ashamed in a moment.
Psalm 7
¹ A reel of David
who sang to Yahweh,
over the words of Cush of Benjamin,
² Yahweh my God in you I take refuge.
Save me from all my persecutors and deliver me,
³ lest he tear like a lion my throat,
rending apart and there is none to deliver.
⁴ Yahweh my God if I have done this,
if there is injustice in my palm,
⁵ if I have paid back evil to one who is at peace with me,
then let me be gripped without cause by my adversary.
⁶ Let