Imaging nanoscale and microscopic material induced in vivo ROS Activity a non invasive approach.

Dr. Rao V. L. Papineni

rao.papineni1@carestreamhealth.com

Drug delivery using macromolecular carriers or vehicles enhances the effectiveness of the drugs. This allows reduced drug toxicity, prolonged bioavailability, and lower drug metabolism. A variety of biocompatible drug carriers such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, protein-based microspheres, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes are in current use. Similarly, cell based therapies are rapidly being employed in clinics, this in spite of many unanswered questions such as why only less than 2% of cells injected home in or perform the function. A crucial element in the success rate of the carrier based drug delivery and the stem cells therapy is potentially the generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to the exogenous materials introduced. The role of ROS activity in cell migration, proliferation, adhesion, and permeability is known and its implications in the future of nanomedicine and stem cell therapy are being evaluated in many laboratories. Here, a non invasive approach in determination of the ROS is shown utilizing luminol a substrate (i.p. 100 ml of 5 mg/ml) for myeloperoxidase activity, or L-O12 (i.p. 100 ml of 15 mg/ml), an ultra sensitive analog of luminol. The ROS activity responsive luminescence was imaged using a commercial In-Vivo Imaging System with a cooled CCD Camera along with the X-ray contrast images of the subject. The determination of ROS generated in response to several materials introduced in mice including 1, Intramuscular radio opaque implant and 2, intraperitoneal introduced cells will be described. These changes in the ROS activity and their anatomical localization at different time points were evaluated during the longitudinal study. These real-time ROS activity monitoring methodologies will provide valuable information necessary for designing strategies to elucidate the ROS generation when drug carriers are introduced, and plan to scavenge the ROS through appropriate means. . "Molecular Imaging - Wisdom To See For Maladies To Flee" Dr. Rao V. L. Papineni