Por un canal trapezoidal fluye agua a una tasa de Q = 20 m3/s.

La profundidad crtica y para dicho canal satisface la ecuacin

2

0 = 1 3 B

donde g = 9.81m/s2, Ac = rea de la seccin transversal (m2), y B = ancho del canal en la superficie (m). Para este caso, el anc
profundidad y por medio de
=3+

= 3 +

Resuelva para la profundidad crtica con el uso de los mtodos a) grfico, b) biseccin, y c) falsa posicin. En los incisos
iteraciones hasta que el error aproximado caiga por debajo del 1% o el nmero de interaciones supere a 10. Analice sus resu

Ac = 3y + (y^2 / 2)
B= 3 + y

Mtodo de Biseccin
Iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

xl
0.5000
1.5000
1.5000
1.5000
1.5000
1.5000
1.5000
1.5000
1.5078
1.5117
1.5137
1.5137
1.5137
1.5139

xu
2.5000
2.5000
2.0000
1.7500
1.6250
1.5625
1.5313
1.5156
1.5156
1.5156
1.5156
1.5146
1.5142
1.5142

xi
1.5000
2.0000
1.7500
1.6250
1.5625
1.5313
1.5156
1.5078
1.5117
1.5137
1.5146
1.5142
1.5139
1.5140

B(xl)
3.5000
4.5000
4.5000
4.5000
4.5000
4.5000
4.5000
4.5000
4.5078
4.5117
4.5137
4.5137
4.5137
4.5139

B(xu)
5.5000
5.5000
5.0000
4.7500
4.6250
4.5625
4.5313
4.5156
4.5156
4.5156
4.5156
4.5146
4.5142
4.5142

B(xi)
4.5000
5.0000
4.7500
4.6250
4.5625
4.5313
4.5156
4.5078
4.5117
4.5137
4.5146
4.5142
4.5139
4.5140

Ac(xl)
1.6250
5.6250
5.6250
5.6250
5.6250
5.6250
5.6250
5.6250
5.6602
5.6778
5.6866
5.6866
5.6866
5.6877

Mtodo de Falsa Posicin

Iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

xl
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000

xu
2.5000
2.4508
2.4036
2.3583
2.3149
2.2733
2.2335
2.1953
2.1589
2.1240
2.0908
2.0590
2.0287
1.9999
1.9724
1.9463

xi
2.4508
2.4036
2.3583
2.3149
2.2733
2.2335
2.1953
2.1589
2.1240
2.0908
2.0590
2.0287
1.9999
1.9724
1.9463
1.9215

B(xl)
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000

B(xu)
5.5000
5.4508
5.4036
5.3583
5.3149
5.2733
5.2335
5.1953
5.1589
5.1240
5.0908
5.0590
5.0287
4.9999
4.9724
4.9463

B(xi)
5.4508
5.4036
5.3583
5.3149
5.2733
5.2335
5.1953
5.1589
5.1240
5.0908
5.0590
5.0287
4.9999
4.9724
4.9463
4.9215

Ac(xl)
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000

1.9215
1.8978
1.8754
1.8542
1.8340
1.8149
1.7969
1.7798
1.7636
1.7483
1.7339
1.7203
1.7075
1.6954
1.6840
1.6733
1.6632
1.6537
1.6448
1.6364
1.6285
1.6211
1.6142
1.6077
1.6016
1.5959
1.5905
1.5855
1.5808
1.5764
1.5723
1.5685
1.5649
1.5615
1.5583
1.5554
1.5526
1.5501
1.5477
1.5454
1.5433
1.5414
1.5395
1.5378
1.5362
1.5347
1.5333

1.8978
1.8754
1.8542
1.8340
1.8149
1.7969
1.7798
1.7636
1.7483
1.7339
1.7203
1.7075
1.6954
1.6840
1.6733
1.6632
1.6537
1.6448
1.6364
1.6285
1.6211
1.6142
1.6077
1.6016
1.5959
1.5905
1.5855
1.5808
1.5764
1.5723
1.5685
1.5649
1.5615
1.5583
1.5554
1.5526
1.5501
1.5477
1.5454
1.5433
1.5414
1.5395
1.5378
1.5362
1.5347
1.5333
1.5320

3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000

4.9215
4.8978
4.8754
4.8542
4.8340
4.8149
4.7969
4.7798
4.7636
4.7483
4.7339
4.7203
4.7075
4.6954
4.6840
4.6733
4.6632
4.6537
4.6448
4.6364
4.6285
4.6211
4.6142
4.6077
4.6016
4.5959
4.5905
4.5855
4.5808
4.5764
4.5723
4.5685
4.5649
4.5615
4.5583
4.5554
4.5526
4.5501
4.5477
4.5454
4.5433
4.5414
4.5395
4.5378
4.5362
4.5347
4.5333

4.8978
4.8754
4.8542
4.8340
4.8149
4.7969
4.7798
4.7636
4.7483
4.7339
4.7203
4.7075
4.6954
4.6840
4.6733
4.6632
4.6537
4.6448
4.6364
4.6285
4.6211
4.6142
4.6077
4.6016
4.5959
4.5905
4.5855
4.5808
4.5764
4.5723
4.5685
4.5649
4.5615
4.5583
4.5554
4.5526
4.5501
4.5477
4.5454
4.5433
4.5414
4.5395
4.5378
4.5362
4.5347
4.5333
4.5320

1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250

64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94

0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000
0.5000

1.5320
1.5308
1.5297
1.5286
1.5277
1.5267
1.5259
1.5251
1.5243
1.5237
1.5230
1.5224
1.5218
1.5213
1.5208
1.5204
1.5199
1.5195
1.5192
1.5188
1.5185
1.5182
1.5179
1.5177
1.5174
1.5172
1.5170
1.5168
1.5166
1.5164
1.5163

1.5308
1.5297
1.5286
1.5277
1.5267
1.5259
1.5251
1.5243
1.5237
1.5230
1.5224
1.5218
1.5213
1.5208
1.5204
1.5199
1.5195
1.5192
1.5188
1.5185
1.5182
1.5179
1.5177
1.5174
1.5172
1.5170
1.5168
1.5166
1.5164
1.5163
1.5161

3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000

4.5320
4.5308
4.5297
4.5286
4.5277
4.5267
4.5259
4.5251
4.5243
4.5237
4.5230
4.5224
4.5218
4.5213
4.5208
4.5204
4.5199
4.5195
4.5192
4.5188
4.5185
4.5182
4.5179
4.5177
4.5174
4.5172
4.5170
4.5168
4.5166
4.5164
4.5163

4.5308
4.5297
4.5286
4.5277
4.5267
4.5259
4.5251
4.5243
4.5237
4.5230
4.5224
4.5218
4.5213
4.5208
4.5204
4.5199
4.5195
4.5192
4.5188
4.5185
4.5182
4.5179
4.5177
4.5174
4.5172
4.5170
4.5168
4.5166
4.5164
4.5163
4.5161

1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250
1.6250

dicho canal satisface la ecuacin

EQUIPO

erficie (m). Para este caso, el ancho y el rea de la seccin transversal se relacionan con la

2
2
alsa posicin. En los incisos b) y c), haga elecciones iniciales de xl = 0.5 y xu = 2.5, y ejecute
nes supere a 10. Analice sus resultados.
3 +

Converge mejor el meto

Mtodo de Biseccin
Ac(xu)
10.6250
10.6250
8.0000
6.7813
6.1953
5.9082
5.7661
5.6954
5.6954
5.6954
5.6954
5.6910
5.6888
5.6888

Pun

Ac(xi)
F(xl)
F(xu)
F(xi) F(xl)F(xi) F(xu)F(xi)
Er
5.6250 -32.2582 0.8130 -0.0309 0.9983
-0.0252
8.0000 -0.0309 0.8130 0.6018 -0.0186
0.4893 2.50E-01
6.7813 -0.0309 0.6018 0.3789 -0.0117
0.2280 1.43E-01
6.1953 -0.0309 0.3789 0.2069 -0.0064
0.0784 7.69E-02
5.9082 -0.0309 0.2069 0.0980 -0.0030
0.0203 4.00E-02
5.7661 -0.0309 0.0980 0.0363 -0.0011
0.0036 2.04E-02
5.6954 -0.0309 0.0363 0.0034 -0.0001
0.0001 1.03E-02
5.6602 -0.0309 0.0034 -0.0136 0.0004
0.0000 5.18E-03
5.6778 -0.0136 0.0034 -0.0051 0.0001
0.0000 2.58E-03
5.6866 -0.0051 0.0034 -0.0008 0.0000
0.0000 1.29E-03
5.6910 -0.0008 0.0034 0.0013 0.0000
0.0000 6.45E-04
5.6888 -0.0008 0.0013 0.0002 0.0000
0.0000 3.22E-04
5.6877 -0.0008 0.0002 -0.0003 0.0000
0.0000 1.61E-04
5.6883 -0.0003 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 8.06E-05

Mtodo de Falsa Posicin

Ac(xu)
10.6250
10.3558
10.0996
9.8559
9.6242
9.4039
9.1946
8.9958
8.8070
8.6279
8.4579
8.2968
8.1441
7.9995
7.8625
7.7329

Ac(xi)
10.3558
10.0996
9.8559
9.6242
9.4039
9.1946
8.9958
8.8070
8.6279
8.4579
8.2968
8.1441
7.9995
7.8625
7.7329
7.6103

F(xl)
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582

F(xu)
0.8130
0.7999
0.7861
0.7718
0.7569
0.7414
0.7255
0.7090
0.6921
0.6747
0.6569
0.6388
0.6204
0.6017
0.5829
0.5638

F(xi)
0.7999
0.7861
0.7718
0.7569
0.7414
0.7255
0.7090
0.6921
0.6747
0.6569
0.6388
0.6204
0.6017
0.5829
0.5638
0.5447

F(xl)F(xi) F(xu)F(xi)
Er
-25.8025 0.6503
-25.3589 0.6288 1.96E-02
-24.8966 0.6067 1.92E-02
-24.4160 0.5842 1.88E-02
-23.9178 0.5612 1.83E-02
-23.4025 0.5379 1.78E-02
-22.8712 0.5144 1.74E-02
-22.3248 0.4907 1.69E-02
-21.7645 0.4669 1.64E-02
-21.1915 0.4432 1.59E-02
-20.6073 0.4197 1.54E-02
-20.0133 0.3963 1.49E-02
-19.4111 0.3733 1.44E-02
-18.8023 0.3507 1.39E-02
-18.1887 0.3286 1.34E-02
-17.5719 0.3071 1.29E-02

Iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
80.0000

70.0000

7.6103
7.4944
7.3849
7.2815
7.1839
7.0918
7.0049
6.9231
6.8459
6.7733
6.7049
6.6406
6.5802
6.5233
6.4699
6.4197
6.3726
6.3284
6.2870
6.2481
6.2116
6.1775
6.1455
6.1155
6.0874
6.0611
6.0365
6.0135
5.9920
5.9718
5.9530
5.9354
5.9190
5.9036
5.8892
5.8758
5.8633
5.8515
5.8406
5.8304
5.8209
5.8120
5.8036
5.7959
5.7887
5.7819
5.7756

7.4944
7.3849
7.2815
7.1839
7.0918
7.0049
6.9231
6.8459
6.7733
6.7049
6.6406
6.5802
6.5233
6.4699
6.4197
6.3726
6.3284
6.2870
6.2481
6.2116
6.1775
6.1455
6.1155
6.0874
6.0611
6.0365
6.0135
5.9920
5.9718
5.9530
5.9354
5.9190
5.9036
5.8892
5.8758
5.8633
5.8515
5.8406
5.8304
5.8209
5.8120
5.8036
5.7959
5.7887
5.7819
5.7756
5.7697

-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582

0.5447
0.5256
0.5064
0.4873
0.4684
0.4496
0.4310
0.4126
0.3946
0.3769
0.3596
0.3427
0.3263
0.3103
0.2948
0.2798
0.2653
0.2513
0.2379
0.2249
0.2126
0.2007
0.1894
0.1785
0.1682
0.1584
0.1491
0.1402
0.1318
0.1238
0.1163
0.1091
0.1024
0.0960
0.0900
0.0844
0.0790
0.0740
0.0693
0.0649
0.0607
0.0568
0.0531
0.0497
0.0464
0.0434
0.0406

0.5256
0.5064
0.4873
0.4684
0.4496
0.4310
0.4126
0.3946
0.3769
0.3596
0.3427
0.3263
0.3103
0.2948
0.2798
0.2653
0.2513
0.2379
0.2249
0.2126
0.2007
0.1894
0.1785
0.1682
0.1584
0.1491
0.1402
0.1318
0.1238
0.1163
0.1091
0.1024
0.0960
0.0900
0.0844
0.0790
0.0740
0.0693
0.0649
0.0607
0.0568
0.0531
0.0497
0.0464
0.0434
0.0406
0.0379

-16.9538
-16.3360
-15.7203
-15.1084
-14.5019
-13.9023
-13.3111
-12.7298
-12.1594
-11.6013
-11.0564
-10.5257
-10.0099
-9.5096
-9.0254
-8.5578
-8.1070
-7.6732
-7.2565
-6.8569
-6.4743
-6.1085
-5.7594
-5.4266
-5.1099
-4.8087
-4.5226
-4.2513
-3.9942
-3.7508
-3.5207
-3.3032
-3.0980
-2.9043
-2.7218
-2.5498
-2.3880
-2.2358
-2.0926
-1.9582
-1.8319
-1.7133
-1.6021
-1.4977
-1.3999
-1.3083
-1.2224

0.2863
0.2662
0.2468
0.2282
0.2106
0.1937
0.1778
0.1628
0.1487
0.1356
0.1233
0.1118
0.1013
0.0915
0.0825
0.0742
0.0667
0.0598
0.0535
0.0478
0.0427
0.0380
0.0338
0.0300
0.0266
0.0236
0.0209
0.0185
0.0163
0.0144
0.0127
0.0112
0.0098
0.0086
0.0076
0.0067
0.0059
0.0051
0.0045
0.0039
0.0034
0.0030
0.0026
0.0023
0.0020
0.0018
0.0015

1.24E-02
1.19E-02
1.15E-02
1.10E-02
1.05E-02
1.01E-02
9.61E-03
9.17E-03
8.73E-03
8.32E-03
7.91E-03
7.51E-03
7.13E-03
6.76E-03
6.41E-03
6.07E-03
5.74E-03
5.42E-03
5.12E-03
4.83E-03
4.56E-03
4.29E-03
4.04E-03
3.81E-03
3.58E-03
3.37E-03
3.16E-03
2.97E-03
2.79E-03
2.62E-03
2.46E-03
2.30E-03
2.16E-03
2.02E-03
1.89E-03
1.77E-03
1.66E-03
1.55E-03
1.45E-03
1.36E-03
1.27E-03
1.19E-03
1.11E-03
1.04E-03
9.70E-04
9.07E-04
8.47E-04

60.0000

50.0000

40.0000

30.0000

20.0000

10.0000

0.0000

5.7697
5.7642
5.7591
5.7543
5.7499
5.7457
5.7418
5.7382
5.7349
5.7317
5.7288
5.7260
5.7235
5.7211
5.7189
5.7168
5.7149
5.7131
5.7114
5.7099
5.7084
5.7070
5.7058
5.7046
5.7035
5.7025
5.7015
5.7006
5.6998
5.6990
5.6983

5.7642
5.7591
5.7543
5.7499
5.7457
5.7418
5.7382
5.7349
5.7317
5.7288
5.7260
5.7235
5.7211
5.7189
5.7168
5.7149
5.7131
5.7114
5.7099
5.7084
5.7070
5.7058
5.7046
5.7035
5.7025
5.7015
5.7006
5.6998
5.6990
5.6983
5.6976

-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582
-32.2582

0.0379
0.0354
0.0331
0.0309
0.0288
0.0269
0.0251
0.0235
0.0219
0.0204
0.0191
0.0178
0.0166
0.0155
0.0145
0.0135
0.0126
0.0117
0.0110
0.0102
0.0095
0.0089
0.0083
0.0077
0.0072
0.0067
0.0063
0.0058
0.0055
0.0051
0.0047

0.0354
0.0331
0.0309
0.0288
0.0269
0.0251
0.0235
0.0219
0.0204
0.0191
0.0178
0.0166
0.0155
0.0145
0.0135
0.0126
0.0117
0.0110
0.0102
0.0095
0.0089
0.0083
0.0077
0.0072
0.0067
0.0063
0.0058
0.0055
0.0051
0.0047
0.0044

-1.1420
-1.0668
-0.9963
-0.9304
-0.8687
-0.8111
-0.7571
-0.7067
-0.6596
-0.6156
-0.5745
-0.5360
-0.5001
-0.4666
-0.4353
-0.4061
-0.3788
-0.3534
-0.3296
-0.3074
-0.2867
-0.2674
-0.2494
-0.2325
-0.2168
-0.2022
-0.1886
-0.1758
-0.1639
-0.1529
-0.1425

0.0013
0.0012
0.0010
0.0009
0.0008
0.0007
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000

7.91E-04
7.39E-04
6.90E-04
6.44E-04
6.01E-04
5.61E-04
5.24E-04
4.89E-04
4.56E-04
4.26E-04
3.97E-04
3.71E-04
3.46E-04
3.23E-04
3.01E-04
2.81E-04
2.62E-04
2.44E-04
2.28E-04
2.12E-04
1.98E-04
1.85E-04
1.72E-04
1.61E-04
1.50E-04
1.40E-04
1.30E-04
1.21E-04
1.13E-04
1.06E-04
9.84E-05

Orendain Serratos Gabrila Esmeralda

Contantino Alvarez Michele
Daniel Avila

onverge mejor el metodo de la secante.

Con 12 iteraciones.

Punto Fijo
xi
B(xi)
Ac(xi)
F(xi)
1.0000 4.0000
3.5000
-2.8041
-2.8041 0.1959
-4.4808
1.0888
1.0888 4.0888
3.8592
-1.9007
-1.9007 1.0993
-3.8958
1.7581
1.7581 4.7581
6.8198
0.3883
0.3883 3.3883
1.2404 -71.3942
-71.3942 -68.3942 2334.3809 1.0000
1.0000 4.0000
3.5000
-2.8041
-2.8041 0.1959
-4.4808
1.0888
1.0888 4.0888
3.8592
-1.9007

Er
1.3566
3.5753
1.5728
2.0811
3.5273
1.0054
72.3941
1.3566
3.5753

Mtodo de la Secante
xi
0.5000
0.6000
0.7248
0.8656
1.0228
1.1847
1.3327
1.4416
1.4970
1.5124
1.5140
1.5141

B(xi)
3.5000
3.6000
3.7248
3.8656
4.0228
4.1847
4.3327
4.4416
4.4970
4.5124
4.5140
4.5141

B'(xi)
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000

Ac(xi)
1.6250
1.9800
2.4372
2.9713
3.5914
4.2558
4.8863
5.3639
5.6116
5.6808
5.6882
5.6883

Ac'(xi)
F(xi)
F'(xi)
Er
3.5000 -32.2582 0.0490
3.6000 -17.9103 0.1261 1.67E-01
3.7248 -9.4915 0.2110 1.72E-01
3.8656 -5.0086 0.2941 1.63E-01
4.0228 -2.5409 0.3737 1.54E-01
4.1847 -1.2136 0.4436 1.37E-01
4.3327 -0.5143 0.4987 1.11E-01
4.4416 -0.1735 0.5347 7.55E-02
4.4970 -0.0376 0.5517 3.70E-02
4.5124 -0.0036 0.5562 1.02E-02
4.5140 -0.0001 0.5567 1.08E-03
4.5141 0.0000 0.5567 2.58E-05

10

11

12

13

14

Bissecion
Falsa posicion
Punto Fijo
Secante

14

Suponga el lector que est diseando un tanque esfrico para almacenar agua para un poblado pequeo en un pas en desar
puede contener se calcula con
3
= 2
3
Donde V = volumen [m3], h = profundidad del agua en el tanque [m], y R = radio del tanque [m].

Si R = 3m, a qu profundidad debe llenarse el tanque de modo que contenga 30 m3? Haga tres iteraciones con el mtodo de
Determine el error relativo aproximado despus de cada iteracin.

Mtodo de Biseccin
iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

a
2.5000
3.0000
3.0000
3.1250
3.1875
3.1875
3.1875
3.1875
3.1875
3.1875
3.1875
3.187988281

a
2.5000
3.1533
3.1868
3.1883

3.5000
3.5000
3.2500
3.2500
3.2500
3.2188
3.2031
3.1953
3.1914
3.1895
3.1885
3.1885

h
3.0000
3.2500
3.1250
3.1875
3.2188
3.2031
3.1953
3.1914
3.1895
3.1885
3.1880
3.1882

F(a)
-37.5950
-11.1768
-11.1768
-3.8359
-0.0551
-0.0551
-0.0551
-0.0551
-0.0551
-0.0551
-0.0551
-0.0252

Mtodo de Falsa Posicin

iteraciones
1
2
3
4

3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

h
3.1533
3.1868
3.1883
3.1884

F(a)
-37.5950
-2.1348
-0.0989
-0.0045

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
1

Converje mejor con el metodo de secante por que con menos iteracciones llegamos al error busc

do pequeo en un pas en desarrollo. El volumen de lquido que

res iteraciones con el mtodo de la falsa posicin a fin de obtener la respuesta.

e Biseccin

Punto Fijo
F(b)
F(h)
F(a)F(h)
F(b)F(h)
Er
19.9538 -11.1768 420.1918 -223.01963
19.9538 3.79945 -42.4657 75.81347 0.0769
3.7994 -3.8359 42.8735 -14.57445
0.04
3.7994 -0.0551
0.2112
-0.20920 0.0196
3.7994
1.8630 -0.1026
7.07834 0.0097
1.8630
0.9017 -0.0496
1.67979 0.0049
0.9017
0.4227 -0.0233
0.38116 0.0024
0.4227
0.1837 -0.0101
0.07765 0.0012
0.1837
0.0643 -0.0035
0.01181 0.0006
0.0643
0.0046 -0.0003
0.00030 0.0003
0.0046 -0.0252
0.0014
-0.00012 0.0002
0.0046 -0.0103
0.0003
-0.00005 7.66E-05

sustitucion
26.2744
31.2664833
28.7213542
29.9816469
30.6209971
30.300555
30.1409092
30.0612301
30.0214265
30.0015337
29.9915895
29.9965614

Falsa Posicin
F(b)
19.9538
19.9538
19.9538
19.9538

F(h)
F(a)F(h)
-2.1348 80.2575
-0.0989
0.2112
-0.0045
0.0004
-0.0002
0.0000

F(b)F(h)
-42.5972
-1.9739
-0.0906
-0.0042

Er

sustitucion
29.2884031
0.0105 29.9670258
0.0005 29.9984871
0.0000 29.9999306

Secante

Punto fijo

Iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

h
3
-11.1768
1067.1773
10734565.6
1.086E+15
1.1116E+31
1.1646E+63

Iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6

h
3.1
3.2
3.1882412
3.18840097
3.18840126
3.18840126

Secante

Metodo biseccion

Metodo Falsa Posicion

es llegamos al error buscado.

10

11

12

Punto Fijo
F(h)
-11.1768
1067.1773
10734565.6
1.086E+15
1.1116E+31
1.1646E+63
1.278E+127

Er
1.26841314
1.01047324
0.99990058
0.99999999
1
1

sustitucion
26.2744
385.725768
3578218.55
3.6201E+14
3.7054E+30
3.882E+62
4.261E+126

F(h)
Er
-5.327672
0.709952 0.03125
-0.00977927 0.00368818
-1.7466E-05 5.011E-05
4.3123E-10 8.9658E-08
0 2.2136E-12

sustitucion
28.2241093
30.2366507
29.9967402
29.9999942
30
30

Secante

La concentracin de saturacin de oxgeno disuelto en agua dulce se calcula con la ecuacin (APHA, 1992)

Donde osf = concentracin de saturacin de oxgeno disuelto en agua dulce a 1 atm (mg/L) y Ta = temperatura absoluta (K). R
ecuacin, la saturacin disminuye con el incremento de la temperatura. Para aguas naturales comunes en climas templados,
mg/L a 0C a 6.413 mg/L a 40C. Dado un valor de concentracin de oxgeno, puede emplearse esta frmula y el mtodo de

a) Si los valores iniciales son de 0 y 40C, con el mtodo de la biseccin, cuntas iteraciones se requeriran para determina
b) Desarrolle y pruebe un programa para el mtodo de biseccin a fin de determinar T como funcin de una concentracin d
elecciones iniciales de 0 y 40C, pruebe su programa para un error absoluto de 0.05C para los casos siguientes:

Metodo de Biseccion
Iteracciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

a
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.078125
0.1171875
0.1367188
0.1464844
0.1464844

b
40
20
10
5
2.5
1.25
0.625
0.3125
0.15625
0.15625
0.15625
0.15625
0.15625
0.1513672

xi
20
10
5
2.5
1.25
0.625
0.3125
0.15625
0.078125
0.1171875
0.1367188
0.1464844
0.1513672
0.1489258

Ln 14.621- Er 0.05C
f(a)
f(b)
f(xi)
0.0042401 -0.8218058 -0.4720343
0.0042401 -0.4720343 -0.2551813
0.0042401 -0.2551813 -0.1314013
0.0042401 -0.1314013 -0.0651285
0.0042401 -0.0651285 -0.0308384
0.0042401 -0.0308384 -0.0133985
0.0042401 -0.0133985 -0.0046042
0.0042401 -0.0046042 -0.0001883
0.0042401 -0.0001883 0.0020244
0.0020244 -0.0001883 0.0009177
0.0009177 -0.0001883 0.0003646
0.0003646 -0.0001883 8.814E-05
8.814E-05 -0.0001883 -5.007E-05
8.814E-05 -5.007E-05 1.903E-05

Falsa posicion
Iteracciones
1

a
0

b
40

xi
0.2053208

Ln 14.621- Er 0.05C
f(a)
f(b)
f(xi)
0.0042401 -0.8218058 -0.0015764

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

0
0
0
0
0
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982

0.2053208
0.1496735
0.1495983
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982

0.1496735
0.1495983
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982
0.1495982

0.0042401 -0.0015764 -2.133E-06

0.0042401 -2.133E-06 -2.882E-09
0.0042401 -2.882E-09 -3.796E-12
0.0042401 -3.796E-12 -7.239E-14
0.0042401 -7.239E-14 6.972E-14
6.972E-14 -7.239E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -7.239E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 -4.396E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14
4.13E-14 -4.396E-14 4.13E-14

Punto Fijo
Iteracciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Ln 14.621- Er 0.05C
f(xi)
Er
0 0.00424011
0.00424011 0.00411977 -0.02920956
0.00411977 0.00412319 0.00082827
0.00412319 0.00412309 -2.3506E-05
0.00412309 0.00412309 6.6706E-07
0.00412309 0.00412309 -1.8929E-08
0.00412309 0.00412309 5.3768E-10
0.00412309 0.00412309
2.068E-11
0.00412309 0.00412309 6.8933E-12

Xi

Grafica de

Grafica de
Ln 14.621- Er 0.05C
1.2
1
0.8
Metodo de biseccion

0.6

Falsa posicion
0.4

Punto fijo

0.2
0
1

11 13 15 17 19 21 23

-0.2

El metodo que mejor converje es el de punto fijo por que encontramos en menos iteracciones el

cin (APHA, 1992)

= temperatura absoluta (K). Recuerde el lector que Ta = T + 273.15, donde T = temperatura (C). De acuerdo con esta
urales comunes en climas templados, la ecuacin se usa para determinar que la concentracin de oxgeno vara de 14.621
plearse esta frmula y el mtodo de biseccin para resolver para la temperatura en C.

ones se requeriran para determinar la temperatura con un error absoluto de 0.05C?

omo funcin de una concentracin dada de oxgeno, con un error absoluto preespecificado como en el inciso a). Dadas
ara los casos siguientes: osf = 8, 10 y 12 mg/L. Compruebe sus resultados.

Metodo

C
f(a) f(xi)
-0.0020015
-0.001082
-0.0005572
-0.0002762
-0.0001308
-5.681E-05
-1.952E-05
-7.983E-07
8.583E-06
1.858E-06
3.346E-07
3.213E-08
-4.413E-09
1.677E-09

f(b) f(xi)
0.3879205
0.1204543
0.0335311
0.008558
0.0020085
0.0004132
6.169E-05
8.668E-07
-3.811E-07
-1.728E-07
-6.864E-08
-1.659E-08
9.427E-09
-9.53E-10

Er
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.3333333
0.1428571
0.0666667
0.0322581
0.0163934

Iteracciones
1
2
3
4

a
0
20
20
20

b
40
20
20
20

Falsa
Er 0.05C
f(a) f(xi)
-6.684E-06

f(b) f(xi)
0.0012955

Er

Iteracciones
1

a
0

b
40

-9.042E-09
-1.222E-11
-1.609E-14
-3.069E-16
2.956E-16
2.88E-27
-1.816E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27
-1.816E-27
-1.816E-27
-1.816E-27
-1.816E-27
-1.816E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27
-1.816E-27
1.706E-27
1.706E-27

2 40.112628
3 #DIV/0!
4 #DIV/0!

3.362E-09 0.3717913
6.147E-15 0.0005029
1.094E-20 6.798E-07
2.748E-25 8.952E-10
-5.047E-27 1.707E-11
-2.99E-27 8.376E-12
3.182E-27 3.159E-12
-1.816E-27 1.629E-12
-1.816E-27 7.891E-13
-1.816E-27 4.069E-13
-1.816E-27 2.098E-13
-1.816E-27 1.082E-13
1.933E-27 5.566E-14
1.933E-27 2.876E-14
1.933E-27 1.392E-14
1.933E-27 6.679E-15
1.933E-27
3.34E-15
-1.816E-27 1.484E-15
-1.816E-27 7.421E-16
-1.816E-27 3.711E-16
1.933E-27 1.855E-16
-1.816E-27 1.855E-16
-1.816E-27 #VALUE!

40.112628
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Punto Fijo
Iteracciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Ln 14.413- Er 0.05C
f(xi)
0 0.82837178
0.82837178 0.80503656
0.80503656 0.80568913
0.80568913 0.80567087
0.80567087 0.80567139
0.80567139 0.80567137
0.80567137 0.80567137
0.80567137 0.80567137
0.80567137 0.80567137

Xi

Er
-0.02898654
0.00080995
-2.2655E-05
6.3368E-07
-1.7725E-08
4.9547E-10
-1.3617E-11
2.4694E-13

mos en menos iteracciones el error que buscamos.

Grafica de
Ln 14.413- Er 0.05

0.01
0
-0.01
-0.02
-0.03
-0.04

C). De acuerdo con esta

eno vara de 14.621

). Dadas

Metodo de Biseccion
xi
20
20
20
20

Ln 6.413 - Er 0.05C
f(a)
f(b)
f(xi)
0.8283718 0.0023259 0.3520974
0.3520974 0.3520974 0.3520974
0.3520974 0.3520974 0.3520974
0.3520974 0.3520974 0.3520974

f(a) f(xi)
0.2916675
0.1239726
0.1239726
0.1239726

f(b) f(xi)
0.0008189
0.1239726
0.1239726
0.1239726

Er

f(a) f(xi)
0.0004529

f(b) f(xi)
1.272E-06

Er

0
0
0

Falsa posicion
xi
40.112628

f(a)
0.8283718

Ln 6.413- Er 0.05C
f(b)
f(xi)
0.0023259 0.0005467

#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

0.0005467
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

0.0005467
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

afica de
Er 0.05C

Meto de biseccion
Falsa posicion
Punto fijo