Submitted to: MS. Monika Surana Ms.

Anshu Toshniwal (Project Coordinators)

2012 2013

Submitted by: Pankaj Singh Bhadauriya (EC/09/46) Rahul Agarwal (EC/09/108) Pradeep Rathore (EC/09/45) IV Year, EC B

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering POORNIMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

ISI-6, RIICO INSTITUTIONAL AREA, SITAPURA, JAIPUR-302022

 Project Selection Propeller Clock : An Introduction

Basic Principle
Block Diagram Circuit Diagram Component List Power Supply Motor Diagram Final Looking Circuit Working

Advantages & Applications

PROJECT SELECTION :
After doing a lot of search work and survey, we have submitted thee synopsis as:

1. Electronic Code Lock with User Defined Password

2. Automatic Bidirectional Visitor Counter 3. Propeller Clock

Then according to the guidance of project coordinators and our interest we chose the PROPELLER CLOCK as our minor project.

WHAT IS PROPELLER CLOCK ???

Propeller is a term associated with a circular rotating object. As this project needs to rotate whole circuit assembly, there must be some prime mover attached to it. So, the term Propeller. This project using bright light emitting diodes for displaying the analog clock on its assembly. Thats why this project is named as PROPELLER CLOCK.

BASIC PRINCIPLE :
Basic principle behind this project:
POV (Persistence Of Vision): This is the phenomenon which is related to vision capability of human eye by which an after- image is thought to persist for approximately 1/25th of a second. So, if someone is observing the images at a rate of 25 images per second, then they appear to be continuous. The best example of this property is the red circle we observe when we rotate the firecracker or incense stick in circle.

INTRODUCTION :
In this project, our aim is to use PIC 16F84 microcontroller to control a row of LEDs to display some images and function it as a clock. Due to the slow response of the human eye, we get the impression that the lights are on all together and we can read the display. A limited number of LEDs are placed in a row and attached to a rotating board.

CONTD .... :
The LEDs are turned on and off at very precise times and places. This gives the impression that there are several LEDs making up a complete display.

All we can see are the lighted dots from the LEDs making a readable
display that seems to float.

Several sensors including infrared proximity sensors are used to

detect the completion of one revolution.

BLOCK DIAGRAM :

Beam Interrupt In each revolution

IR Sensor

Micro controller

LED Display

DC Regulated power supply

DC motor

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

COMPONENTS LIST :S.NO.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. COMPONENT NAME PIC 16F84 Transformer LED IR LED Resistor, 100 ohm Resistor, 10k, 3.6k Capacitor , 10uf/63V Battery, 5V Crystal Oscillator, 11.0592 MHz Photo Diode ON OFF Switch Battery, 12V Rectifier IC, 7805 Capacitor, 1000uf QUANTITY 1 1 8 1 9 2 1 4 1 1 3 1 1 1 1

POWER SUPPLY :

MOTOR DIAGRAM :

FINAL LOOKING :
Circuit LEDs

MOC7811

5V

GND

CIRCUIT WORKING :
In this section we will emphasize on detailed overview of each of the block

shown in previous block diagram. In every description of the block

respective schematics and working is explained.

The propeller display consists of following blocks, as shown in the

block diagram. Interrupter Module Microcontroller LED module

CONTD.... :
Interrupter Module :
MOC7811 is the sensing part of the interrupter module, while rest of the circuitry works as signal conditioning circuit. 3 wires emerge out from the module, respectively Vcc, Signal and Ground. Output of the module is LOW, if interrupt occurs, otherwise it remains HIGH.

It consists of IR LED and Photodiode mounted facing each other

enclosed in plastic body.

This sensor is used to give position feedback.

CONTD.... :
Microcontroller :
Requirements: -> Moderate speed -> Ports required : 2 -> Small Sized -> Code memory > 1kB

Component Selected: PIC 16F84

DC Motor :
Repeated scanning of the display is must for continuous vision. This task is achieved using circular rotation of the whole circuit assembly. So, we used a DC motor as the prime mover.

CONTD.... :
LED Module :
LED module consisting of 8 bright LEDs are fixed in another side of the
arm of our project. These LEDs are connected with each of the port pin of microcontroller,

with a series current limiting resistor of 100 ohm.

DC Power Supply :
For microcontroller, as well as the DC motor, a regulated DC power supply is required. We have to provide +5V to the microcontroller, while +12V to the motor.

ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS :

It can be used to replace various public LCD screens thereby providing a cheaper solution.

It can also be used as a stopwatch.

So,

this

was

brief

introduction

and

basic

functioning

phenomenon of our project, which was named as PROPELLER CLOCK. Now we are going to show you a video, from that you will be familiar with our project