Chemistry Practical Alternative SAMs

GCE Chemistry
Edexcel Advanced Subsidiary GCE in Chemistry (8CH07)

First examination 2009
Edexcel Advanced GCE in Chemistry (9CH07)
First examination 2010
International Alternative to Internal Assessment
(Units 3B and 6B)
January 2008
Sample Assessment Materials
For international centres only
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Edexcel GCE in Chemistry Edexcel Limited 2007 Sample Assessment Materials 1
Cont ent s
A Int roduct i on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
B Sampl e quest i on papers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Uni t 3B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s I Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Uni t 6B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s II Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
C Sampl e mark schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Gener al mar ki ng gui dance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Uni t 3B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s I Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Uni t 6B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s II Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Sample Assessment Materials Edexcel Limited 2007 Edexcel GCE in Chemistry 2
A Int roduct i on
These sampl e assessment mat er i al s have been pr epar ed t o suppor t t he speci f i cat i on.
Thei r ai m i s t o pr ovi de t he candi dat es and cent r es wi t h a gener al i mpr essi on and f l avour of t he
act ual quest i on paper s and mar k schemes i n advance of t he f i r st oper at i onal exami nat i ons.
B Sampl e quest i on papers
Uni t 3B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s I Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Uni t 6B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s II Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
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Team Leaders use only
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Signature
Centre
No.
Turn over
Candidate
No.
Question Leave
Number Blank
1
2
3
4
Total
Paper Reference(s)
6CH07/1
Edexcel GCE
Chemistry
Advanced Subsidiary
Unit 3B: Chemistry Laboratory Skills I
Alternative
Sample Assessment Material
Time: 1 hour 15 minutes
Materials required for examination Items included with question papers
Nil Nil
Candidates may use a calculator
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initials and signature.
Check that you have the correct question paper.
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Do not use pencil. Use blue or black ink.
Information for Candidates
The marks for individual questions and the parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).
There are 4 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 50.
There are 12 pages in this question paper. Any blank pages are indicated.
Advice to Candidates
You will be assessed on your ability to organise and present information, ideas, descriptions and
arguments clearly and logically, including your use of grammar, punctuation and spelling.
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with
Edexcel Limited copyright policy.
2007 Edexcel Limited.
Printers Log. No.
N33482A
W850/XXXX/57570 2/3/3/2/
*N33482A0112*
Paper Reference
6 C H 0 7 1
Leave
blank
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1. (a) Compound A is a white solid that contains one cation and one anion. Complete the
table below.
Test Observation Inference
(i) Flame test
............................. flame
The cation in A is
potassium.
(ii) To a solution of A,
add dilute nitric acid
followed by silver
nitrate solution.
White precipitate The anion in A is
.......................................
(iii) To solid A in a test
tube, add concentrated
sulfuric acid. Hold a
piece of cotton wool
soaked in ammonia
solution above the test
tube.
A vigorous reaction
occurs with
.......................................
forming above the test
tube.
The gas formed in the
reaction between A and
concentrated sulfuric
acid is
.......................................
(4)
(iv) Write an equation to show the reaction occurring between ammonia and the gas
formed in the reaction between A and concentrated sulfuric acid. State symbols
are not required.
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(v) Describe how you would carry out a flame test in the laboratory.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
Leave
blank
(b) Compound B is a white solid that contains one cation and one anion. Complete the
table below.
Test Observation Inference
(i)
Flame test Pale green flame The cation in A is
.......................................
(ii)
Heat a sample of B in
a test tube, testing any
gases evolved with a
glowing splint.
Brown gas evolved. .......................................
Splint re-lights. .......................................
(iii)
Add a few drops of
dilute sulfuric acid to a
solution of B.
White precipitate The white precipitate is
.......................................
(4)
(iv) Give the formula of compound B.
................................................................................................................................
(1) Q1
(Total 13 marks)
Leave
blank
2. (a) An organic compound C has the structure CH
2
=CHCH
2
Br.
Describe a test and its result to show the presence of the C=C group in C.
Test ................................................................................................................................
Result ............................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) When C is warmed with excess aqueous potassium hydroxide, the following reaction
occurs.
CH
2
=CHCH
2
Br + OH
CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH + Br
To test for the presence of the bromide ions formed, dilute nitric acid followed by
aqueous silver nitrate is added to the cooled mixture.
(i) Why is dilute nitric acid added?
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Describe what you would see as the aqueous silver nitrate is added.
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) (i) Describe two observations that you would expect to make when a small piece of
sodium is added to some CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH in a crucible.
Observation 1 .........................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
Observation 2 .........................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Why is it important that the crucible is dry before it is used in this test?
................................................................................................................................
(1) Q2
(Total 7 marks)
Leave
blank
3. A student followed the procedure below to investigate the enthalpy change for the reaction
between zinc and copper(II) sulfate solution.
Zn(s) + Cu
2+
(aq) Zn
2+
(aq) + Cu(s)
Procedure
1. Weigh about 5 g of zinc powder (an excess).
2. Using a measuring cylinder, transfer 50 cm
3
of 1.00 mol dm
3
copper(II) sulfate into
a small beaker.
3. Place a thermometer in the solution. Record the temperature of the solution at one
minute intervals for the first three minutes.
4. At 3.5 minutes add the zinc powder to the copper(II) sulfate solution.
5. Record the temperature every minute from 4.0 to 9.0 minutes.
The students results are shown in the table below.
Time/min 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
Temperature/C 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 63.0 60.5 59.0 57.0 55.5 53.0
(a) (i) On the grid below plot a graph of temperature (C) against time (mins).
(3)
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
/
C
Time/min
Leave
blank
(ii) Use your graph to find the maximum temperature change, T. Show your
working clearly on the graph.
T = ............................................ C
(2)
(iii) Suggest one reason why a series of temperature readings is taken rather than just
the initial and final temperatures.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) (i) Calculate the energy transferred to the solution. Express your answer in kJ.
[Assume that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g
1
C
1
]
(2)
energy transferred in kJ
mass of solution specific heat capacity
=
T
1000
Leave
blank
(ii) Calculate the number of moles of copper(II) sulfate in 50 cm
3
of
1.00 mol dm
3
solution.
(1)
(iii) Calculate the enthalpy change, H, for this reaction. Give your answer in
kJ mol
1
and to two significant figures. Include a sign with your answer.
H = ............................................ kJ mol
1
(3)
(c) Suggest two improvements to the procedure that may give more accurate results.
Improvement 1
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Improvement 2
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(2) Q3
(Total 14 marks)
Leave
blank
4. An experiment to prepare a sample of cyclohexene makes use of the reaction in which
cyclohexanol is dehydrated when it is warmed with concentrated phosphoric acid.
C
6
H
11
OH(l) C
6
H
10
(l) + H
2
O(l)
cyclohexanol cyclohexene
Procedure
1. Assemble a distillation apparatus with a water-cooled condenser and a thermometer
in the neck of a round-bottomed distillation flask.
2. Measure 0.1 mol of cyclohexanol into the round-bottomed flask.
3. Add 4 cm
3
of concentrated phosphoric acid to the flask.
4. Gently heat the mixture in the flask and collect the liquid that boils off between 70C
and 90C. This is impure cyclohexene.
5. Transfer the liquid to a separating funnel, then add an equal volume of saturated salt
solution to it. Shake the funnel gently. Allow the funnel to stand for a few minutes
until the layers have separated.
6. Run off the cyclohexene layer into a small flask and add some anhydrous calcium
chloride to it. Allow the mixture to stand until the cyclohexene becomes clear.
7. Decant off the cyclohexene into a clean flask. Re-assemble the distillation
apparatus.
8. Heat the cyclohexene and collect the liquid that distils off between 81C and 85C.
Data
Property Cyclohexanol Cyclohexene
Density / g cm
3
0.96 0.81
Molar mass / g mol
1
100.0 82.0
Boiling temperature / C 161.0 83.3
(a) Calculate the mass and volume of cyclohexanol to be used in the preparation.
(2)
(b) Suggest the most appropriate piece of apparatus for measuring the volume of
cyclohexanol calculated in (a). The volume need only be measured to an accuracy of
0.5 cm
3
.
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
Leave
blank
(c) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus you would use to carry out the instruction
described in point 4 of the procedure.
(4)
(d) How would you make up a saturated salt solution?
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
Leave
blank
(e) On the diagram of the separating funnel, label the cyclohexene layer. Explain how
you would use the separating funnel to transfer the cyclohexene layer to a small
flask.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(f) Why is anhydrous calcium chloride added to the cyclohexene?
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(g) Suggest one reason why the instruction in point 8 of the procedure is to collect
the liquid that distils off between 81C and 85C, rather than just at the boiling
temperature of cyclohexene.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(h) (i) Calculate the maximum yield, in grams, of cylcohexene that may be prepared
from 0.1 mol of cyclohexanol.
(1)
Leave
blank
(ii) Using the procedure described, a student prepares 4.10 g of cyclohexene.
Calculate the percentage yield of cyclohexene in the preparation.
(1)
(iii) Suggest two reasons why this preparation does not produce a 100 % yield.
1 .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 50 MARKS
END
Q4
(Total 16 marks)
Examiners use only
Team Leaders use only
Surname Initial(s)
Signature
Centre
No.
Turn over
Candidate
No.
Question Leave
Number Blank
1
2
3
4
Total
Paper Reference(s)
6CH08/1
Edexcel GCE
Chemistry
Advanced
Unit 6B: Chemistry Laboratory Skills II
Alternative
Sample Assessment Material
Time: 1 hour 15 minutes
Materials required for examination Items included with question papers
Nil Nil
Candidates may use a calculator
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initials and signature.
Check that you have the correct question paper.
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Do not use pencil. Use blue or black ink.
Information for Candidates
The marks for individual questions and the parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).
There are 4 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 50.
There are 16 pages in this question paper. Any blank pages are indicated.
Advice to Candidates
You will be assessed on your ability to organise and present information, ideas, descriptions and
arguments clearly and logically, including your use of grammar, punctuation and spelling.
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with
Edexcel Limited copyright policy.
2007 Edexcel Limited.
Printers Log. No.
N33502A
W850/XXXX/57570 2/3/3/2/
*N33502A0116*
Paper Reference
6 C H 0 8 1
Leave
blank
Answer ALL questions.
1. S, T and U are different organic liquids, each of which has three carbon atoms and each
contains only one functional group.
(a) Complete the table below by filling in the inferences column. In each case you should
indicate what the test and observations tell you about the original compound.
Test Observations Inferences
(i)
Add a small piece of
sodium to 2 cm
3
of S.
Vigorous reaction
takes place and the
sodium disappears.
(1)
(ii)
Add equal volumes
of potassium
dichromate(VI) and
dilute sulfuric acid to
2 cm
3
of S and heat
the mixture on a water
bath.
Orange solution goes
green.
(1)
(iii) Use the information and results above to suggest the displayed formulae for two
possible structures for S.
(1)
Leave
blank
(iv) The nmr spectrum of S is shown below. Use the spectrum to identify compound
S. Explain your choice.
S is .........................................................................................................................
Explanation ............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Complete the table below by filling in the inferences column. In each case you should
(i)
Add 1 cm
3
of T to 2 cm
3
of
2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
solution. Leave the mixture
to stand.
An orange
precipitate forms.
(1)
(ii)
Add 1 cm
3
of T to Tollens
reagent (a solution of silver
nitrate in ammonia) and
warm the mixture.
A silver mirror is
produced on the
inside of the tube.
(1)
Leave
blank
(iii) Use your inferences in (i) and (ii) to suggest a displayed formula for T
(1)
(c) Complete the table below by filling in the inferences column. In each case you should
(i)
Add 1 cm
3
of sodium
carbonate solution to
2 cm
3
of U. Test the gas
evolved with limewater.
Vigorous
effervescence.
Gas evolved turns
limewater cloudy.
(1)
(ii)
Mix 2 cm
3
of S with an
equal volume of U.
Add 1 cm
3
of
concentrated sulfuric acid
and heat the mixture.
Pour the mixture into
a beaker of sodium
carbonate solution.
Fruity smelling
liquid produced.
(1)
(iii) Based on your inferences from (i) and (ii) suggest a displayed formula for U.
(1)
Leave
blank
(d) Write the equation for the reaction between S and U. In your answer show the
structural formula of the product.
(1)
2. Compound X is an anhydrous salt.
Complete the table below by filling in the inferences column.
(a)
Colour X is a brown solid.
(1)
(b)
Add 2 cm
3
of water to
0.5 g of solid X.
Heat evolved and
a green solution is
produced.
(1)
(c)
Divide the solution
from (b) into two
equal portions
and to one portion
add excess dilute
ammonia solution.
A pale blue precipitate
is produced which
dissolves in excess
ammonia solution
to give a deep blue
solution.
(1)
(d)
To the second portion
add 3 cm
3
dilute nitric
acid (an excess),
followed by 1 cm
3
of
silver nitrate solution.
A white precipitate is
produced.
(1)
(e) Which observation suggests that X is anhydrous?
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
Q1
(Total 12 marks)
Q2
(Total 5 marks)
Leave
blank
3. In an exercise to investigate the percentage by mass of iron in an iron(II) compound, a
student made up 250 cm
3
of the solution of the iron(II) compound in a volumetric flask
using dilute sulfuric acid. The student then titrated 25.0 cm
3
portions of the solution,
to which excess dilute sulfuric acid had been added, with 0.0200 mol dm
3
aqueous
potassium manganate(VII) solution.
The equation for the reaction is:
MnO
4
(aq) + 5Fe
2+
(aq) + 8H
+
(aq) Mn
2+
(aq) + 5Fe
3+
(aq) + 4H
2
O(l)
(a) Suggest one reason why the iron(II) solution was made up in dilute sulfuric acid and
more dilute sulfuric acid was added before each titration was carried out.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) The students results are given in the tables below.
Table 1
Mass of weighing bottle + iron(II) compound 11.68 g
Mass of emptied weighing bottle 4.52 g
Mass of iron(II) compound used 7.16 g
Table 2
Solution in burette: 0.0200 mol dm
3
potassium manganate(VII).
Solution in flask: 25.00 cm
3
of iron(II) compound.
Titration number Trial 1 2 3 4
Burette reading
(final) /cm
3
26.50 25.85 26.60 26.00 26.80
Burette reading
(initial) /cm
3
0.00 0.15 0.30 0.20 1.05
Titre / cm
3
26.50
Complete Table 2 by filling in the missing data.
(1)
Leave
blank
(c) Outline the procedure that should be followed to carry out titration number 1. Include
in your answer the names of any apparatus used and explain how you will recognise
the end-point of the titration.
.......................................................................................................................................
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.......................................................................................................................................
(5)
(d) List the numbers of the titrations that you should use to calculate the mean titre.
.......................................................................................................................................
Calculation of mean
= .................................. cm
3
(2)
Leave
blank
(e) (i) Calculate the mass of iron in 250 cm
3
of the iron(II) solution. Use the Periodic
Table as a source of data.
(4)
(ii) Calculate the percentage by mass of iron in the iron(II) salt.
(1)
Leave
blank
(f) When making up the solution of the iron(II) salt, another student, by mistake, added
too much dilute sulfuric acid to the graduated flask before shaking the contents so
that the total volume was over 250 cm
3
.
Explain the effect this mistake would have on the students volume of potassium
manganate(VII) solution used in the titration.
.......................................................................................................................................
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.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)
Q3
(Total 16 marks)
Leave
blank
4. Methyl benzoate can be hydrolysed by heating under reflux with a solution of sodium
hydroxide to form sodium benzoate and methanol.
C
6
H
5
CO
2
CH
3
(l) + NaOH(aq) C
6
H
5
CO
2
Na
+
(aq) + CH
3
OH(aq)
The sodium benzoate can be converted into benzoic acid by adding excess hydrochloric acid.
C
6
H
5
CO
2
(aq) + H
+
(aq) C
6
H
5
CO
2
H(s)
A student was asked to make 5.0 g of benzoic acid and told that the procedure used gives
a 60 % yield of benzoic acid.
(a) Calculate the mass of methyl benzoate that should be used to produce 5.0 g of benzoic
acid.
[Molar Masses: C
6
H
5
CO
2
CH
3
= 136 g mol
1
C
6
H
5
CO
2
H = 122 g mol
1
]
(2)
(b) The student was told to add 20 cm
3
of 4.0 mol dm
3
sodium hydroxide solution (an
excess) to the methyl benzoate.
(i) Is it better to measure out the volume of sodium hydroxide solution using a
pipette, a burette or a measuring cylinder? Justify your answer.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) In addition to wearing goggles and a laboratory coat, what other safety precaution
should be taken when handling 4.0 mol dm
3
sodium hydroxide solution? Justify
your answer.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(1)
Leave
blank
(c) The mixture was heated under reflux for 15 minutes and then poured into a 100 cm
3
beaker.
Draw a fully labelled diagram of the apparatus used for heating under reflux.
(4)
(d) Dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the beaker, stirring continuously, until the
solution was acidic.
Suggest how you would carry out a simple test to indicate that you have added
sufficient hydrochloric acid.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)
Leave
blank
(e) The benzoic acid was separated from the mixture by filtration and recrystallized from
hot water.
Describe how the recrystallization is carried out, explaining how the method would
remove both soluble and insoluble impurities.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
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(4)
Leave
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(f) The melting temperature of benzoic acid is 122 C. The students sample was impure.
Suggest how the melting temperature of the sample would differ from that of pure
benzoic acid.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 50 MARKS
END
Q4
(Total 17 marks)
BLANK PAGE
BLANK PAGE
C Sampl e mark schemes
Gener al mar ki ng gui dance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Uni t 3B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s I Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Uni t 6B: Chemi st r y Labor at or y Ski l l s II Al t er nat i ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
General Marki ng Gui dance
- Al l candi dat es must r ecei ve t he same t r eat ment . Exami ner s must mar k t he f i r st
candi dat e i n exact l y t he same way as t hey mar k t he l ast .
- Mar k schemes shoul d be appl i ed posi t i vel y. Candi dat es must be r ewar ded f or what
t hey have shown t hey can do r at her t han penal i sed f or omi ssi ons.
- Exami ner s shoul d mar k accor di ng t o t he mar k scheme not accor di ng t o t hei r
per cept i on of wher e t he gr ade boundar i es may l i e.
- Ther e i s no cei l i ng on achi evement . Al l mar ks on t he mar k scheme shoul d be used
appr opr i at el y.
- Al l t he mar ks on t he mar k scheme ar e desi gned t o be awar ded. Exami ner s shoul d
al ways awar d f ul l mar ks i f deser ved, i . e. i f t he answer mat ches t he mar k scheme.
Exami ner s shoul d al so be pr epar ed t o awar d zer o mar ks i f t he candi dat e s r esponse i s
not wor t hy of cr edi t accor di ng t o t he mar k scheme.
- Wher e some j udgement i s r equi r ed, mar k schemes wi l l pr ovi de t he pr i nci pl es by
whi ch mar ks wi l l be awar ded and exempl i f i cat i on may be l i mi t ed.
- When exami ner s ar e i n doubt r egar di ng t he appl i cat i on of t he mar k scheme t o a
candi dat e s r esponse, t he t eam l eader must be consul t ed.
- Cr ossed out wor k shoul d be mar ked UNLESS t he candi dat e has r epl aced i t wi t h an
al t er nat i ve r esponse.
- Mar k schemes wi l l i ndi cat e wi t hi n t he t abl e wher e, and whi ch st r ands of QWC, ar e
bei ng assessed. The st r ands ar e as f ol l ows:
i ) ensur e t hat t ext i s l egi bl e and t hat spel l i ng, punct uat i on and gr ammar ar e accur at e
so t hat meani ng i s cl ear
i i ) sel ect and use a f or m and st yl e of wr i t i ng appr opr i at e t o pur pose and t o compl ex
subj ect mat t er
i i i ) or gani se i nf or mat i on cl ear l y and coher ent l y, usi ng speci al i st vocabul ar y when
appr opr i at e
Uni t 3B: Chemi st ry Laborat ory Ski l l s I Al t ernat i ve
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( a) ( i ) f l ame
Accept abl e answer s Rej ect Mar k
Li l ac Pur pl e/ mauve 1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( a) ( i i ) The ani on i n A i s
Chl or i de / Cl
Chl or i ne/ Cl / Cl
2
1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( a) ( i i i ) A vi gor ous r eact i on occur s wi t hf or mi ng above t he t est t ube
Whi t e smoke/ f umes St eamy f umes 1
1( a) ( i i i ) The gas f or med i n t he r eact i on bet ween A and concent r at ed sul f ur i c aci d
i s
Hydr ogen chl or i de / HCl 1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( a) ( i v) Wr i t e an equat i on t o show t he r eact i on occur r i ng bet ween ammoni a and t he
gas f or med i n t he r eact i on bet ween A and concent r at ed sul f ur i c aci d. St at e
symbol s ar e not r equi r ed.
NH
3
+ HCl NH
4
Cl
Ignor e st at e symbol s
Consequent i al on t he hal i de i n
1 ( a) ( i i )
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
1( a) ( v) Descr i be how you woul d car r y out a f l ame t est i n t he l abor at or y.
Add ( any) HCl ( t o A) (1)
Di p pl at i num/ ni chr ome wi r e/ si l i ca r od i n
sampl e (1)
Hol d wi r e i n f l ame (1)
Or
ot her accept abl e met hods
3
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( b) ( i ) The cat i on i n A i s
Bar i um / Ba
2+
Ba 1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
1( b) ( i i ) Br own gas evol ved.
Ni t r ogen di oxi de / NO
2
(1) 1
1( b) ( i i ) Spl i nt r e- l i ght s.
Oxygen / O
2
(1) 1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( b) ( i i i ) The whi t e pr eci pi t at e i s
BaSO
4
/ bar i um sul f at e 1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( b) ( i v) Gi ve t he f or mul a of compound B
Ba(NO
3
)
2
Consequent i al on cat i on i n 1 ( b) ( i )
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
2( a) Descr i be a t est and i t s r esul t t o show t he pr esence of t he C=C gr oup i n C.
Test Br omi ne / Br
2
wat er /
sol ut i on/ aqueous br omi ne
(1)
Resul t Yel l ow t o col our l ess /
Yel l ow i s decol or i sed (1)
OR
Test aci di f i ed KMnO
4
/ pot assi um
manganat e( VII) (1)
Resul t Pur pl e t o col our l ess / pur pl e
decol or i sed (1)
OR
Test al kal i ne KMnO
4
/ pot assi um
manganat e (VII) (1)
Resul t pur pl e t o gr een (1)
OR
Test neut r al sol ut i on of KMnO
4
/ pot assi um
manganat e (VII)
(1)
Resul t Pur pl e t o br own pr eci pi t at e
(1)
Br omi ne / Br
2
al one
Decol or i sed
al one
2
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
2( b) ( i ) When C i s war med wi t h excess aqueous pot assi um hydr oxi de t he f ol l owi ng
r eact i on occur s.
CH
2
=CHCH
2
Br + OH CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH + Br
To t est f or t he pr esence of t he br omi de i ons f or med di l ut e ni t r i c aci d

f ol l owed by aqueous si l ver ni t r at e i s added t o t he cool ed mi xt ur e.
Why i s di l ut e ni t r i c aci d added?
Neut r al i se ( KOH/ OH
)
Ignor e aci di f y
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
2( b) ( i i ) Descr i be what you woul d see as t he aqueous si l ver ni t r at e i s added.
Cr eam/ of f - whi t e/ pal e yel l ow pr eci pi t at e Whi t e/ yel l ow
pr eci pi t at e
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
2( c) ( i ) Descr i be t wo obser vat i ons t hat you woul d expect t o make when a smal l
pi ece of sodi um i s added t o some CH
2
=CHCH
2
OH i n a cr uci bl e.
Any t wo:
Bubbl es/ ef f er vescence/ f i zzi ng (1)
Na di sappear s (1)
Whi t e sol i d f or med (1)
Gas/ hydr ogen
2
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
2( c) ( i i ) Why i s i t i mpor t ant t hat t he cr uci bl e i s dr y bef or e i t i s used i n t hi s t est ?
Wat er r eact s wi t h Na Danger ous 1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
3( a) ( i ) On t he gr i d bel ow pl ot a gr aph of t emper at ur e( C) agai nst t i me ( mi ns)
Appr opr i at e scal es (1)
Pl ot t i ng poi nt s (1)
Joi ni ng poi nt s wi t h st r ai ght l i nes (1) 3
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
3( a) ( i i ) Use your gr aph t o f i nd t he maxi mum t emper at ur e change, AT. Show your
wor ki ng on t he gr aph.
Wor ki ng on gr aph t o show t emper at ur e at
3. 5 mi nut es (1)
Cal cul at i ng t emper at ur e change must be
i n t he r ange 43. 5 44. 5 (1)
2
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
3( a) ( i i i ) Suggest one r eason why a ser i es of t emper at ur e r eadi ngs i s t aken r at her t han
t he i ni t i al and f i nal t emper at ur es.
Al l ows f or cool i ng ( cor r ect i on) (1) Mor e accur at e. 1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
3( b) ( i ) Cal cul at e t he ener gy t r ansf er r ed t o t he sol ut i on. Expr ess your answer i n kJ.
[ Assume t hat t he speci f i c heat capaci t y of t he sol ut i on i s 4. 18 J K
- 1
g
- 1
]
kJ 24 . 9 / 2 . 9
1000
44 2 . 4 50
=

Use of 50 (1)
Answer i n kJ (1) must be at l east 2 sf
Mar k f or answer onl y. Cq on AT.
Answer i n J 2
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
3( b) ( i i ) Cal cul at e t he number of mol es of copper ( II) sul f at e i n 50 cm
3
of 1. 00 mol dm
-
3
sol ut i on.
) mol ( 050 . 0
1000
00 . 1 50
=
Mar k f or answer onl y

1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
3( b) ( i i i ) Cal cul at e t he ent hal py change, AH, f or t hi s r eact i on. Gi ve your answer i n kJ
mol
- 1
and t o t hr ee si gni f i cant f i gur es. Incl ude a si gn wi t h your answer .
) ( 180
) )( (
) )( (
1
= mol kJ
ii b to Answer
i b to Answer
(1)
Val ue of AH t o 2sf ( 18) (1)
Negat i ve si gn (1)
3
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
3( c) Suggest t wo i mpr ovement s t o t he pr ocedur e t hat may gi ve mor e accur at e
r esul t s.
Any t wo:
Pi pet t e t o measur e CuSO
4
(1)
Pol yst yr ene cup not beaker (1)
St i r r i ng (1)
Add a l i d (1)
Take account of speci f i c heat capaci t y
and mass of beaker (1)
Mor e accur at e
t her momet er /
r epeat t he
exper i ment
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4( a) Cal cul at e t he mass and vol ume of cycl ohexanol t o be used i n t he
pr epar at i on.
0. 1 x 100. 0 = 10. 0 / 10 g (1)
10 0. 96 = 10. 4 cm
3
(1)
Must i ncl ude uni t s
2
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( b) Suggest t he most appr opr i at e pi ece of appar at us f or measur i ng t he vol ume of
cycl ohexanol cal cul at ed i n ( a) . The vol ume need onl y be measur ed t o an
accur acy of + 0. 5 cm
3
.
Measur i ng cyl i nder Pi pet t e,
bur et t e.
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( c) Dr aw a di agr am of t he appar at us you woul d use t o car r y out t he pr ocedur e
descr i bed i n poi nt 4 of t he pr ocedur e.
RB f l ask heat ed (1)
Ther momet er bul b i n cor r ect posi t i on (1)
Wat er - cool ed condenser and
Wat er f l ow cor r ect (1)
Appar at us over al l cor r ect and saf e not
seal ed (1)
1
st
t hr ee mar ks may be awar ded
i ndependent l y.
4
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( d) How woul d you make up a sat ur at ed sal t sol ut i on?
Add sal t t o wat er unt i l no mor e di ssol ves,
OR
heat mi xt ur e of sal t and wat er , al l ow t o
cool ( and decant sat ur at ed sol ut i on) (1)
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( e) On t he di agr am of t he separ at i ng f unnel l abel t he cycl ohexene l ayer . Expl ai n
how you woul d use t he separ at i ng f unnel t o t r ansf er t he cycl ohexene l ayer t o
a smal l f l ask
Upper l ayer i s cycl ohexene. (1)
Run of f l ower l ayer ( t o wast e) t hen r un of f
upper l ayer ( t o f l ask) / pour out upper l ayer
(1)
2
nd
mar k cq on l ayer mar k.
2
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
4( f ) Why i s anhydr ous cal ci um chl or i de added t o t he cycl ohexene?
To dr y i t / dr yi ng agent (1) Pur i f y 1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
4( g) Suggest one r eason why t he i nst r uct i on i n poi nt 8 of t he pr ocedur e i s t o
col l ect t he l i qui d t hat di st i l s of f bet ween 81C and 85C r at her t han j ust at
t he boi l i ng t emper at ur e of cycl ohexene.
Cycl ohexene st i l l i mpur e /
t her momet er r eadi ng not st eady
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( h) ( i ) Cal cul at e t he maxi mum yi el d, i n gr ams, of cycl ohexene t hat may be
pr epar ed f r om 0. 1 mol of cycl ohexanol .
0. 1 x 82. 0 = 8. 20 / 8. 2 g
Accept answer onl y.
Any ot her
answer s.
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( h) ( i i ) A st udent f ol l owi ng t he pr ocedur e descr i bed pr epar es 4. 10g of cycl ohexene.
Cal cul at e t he per cent age yi el d of cycl ohexene i n t he pr epar at i on.
4. 10 x 100 = 50. 0/ 50 %
8. 20
Cq on answer i n ( h) ( i ) .
Accept answer onl y.
1
Quest i on
Number. .
Quest i on
4( h) ( i i i ) Suggest t wo r easons why t hi s pr epar at i on does not pr oduce a 100%yi el d.
Two f r om
React i on i s i ncompl et e (1)
Si de r eact i ons / ot her pr oduct s (1)
St ays i n aqueous l ayer (1)
2
Uni t 6B: Chemi st ry Laborat ory Ski l l s II Al t ernat i ve
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1( a) ( i ) S, T and U ar e or gani c l i qui ds each of whi ch has t hree carbon at oms and
each cont ai ns onl y one f unct i onal gr oup.
Compl et e t he t abl e bel ow by f i l l i ng i n t he i nf erences col umn. In each case
you shoul d i ndi cat e what t he t est and obser vat i ons t el l you about t he or i gi nal
compound.
Test Observat i on Inf erences
Add a smal l pi ece of
sodi um t o 2 cm
3
of S
Vi gor ous r eact i on
t akes pl ace and t he
sodi um di sappear s
Al cohol or car boxyl i c aci d ( gr oup pr esent )
bot h r equi r ed.
OR
OH or COOH bot h r equi r ed
1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1 ( a) ( i i )
Add equal vol umes of
pot assi um
di chr omat e( VI) and
di l ut e sul f ur i c aci d t o
2 cm
3
of S and heat
t he mi xt ur e on a
wat er bat h
Or ange sol ut i on goes
gr een
Pr i mar y or secondar y al cohol / not aci d
/ OH / not COOH
not COOH on
i t s own unl ess
OH or COOH
gi ven i n ( a) ( i )
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( a) ( i i i ) Use t he i nf or mat i on and r esul t s above t o suggest t he di spl ayed f ormul ae f or
t wo possi bl e st r uct ur es f or S.
H O H C C C
H H H
H H H
C C C H
H H H
H
H H OH
1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
1 ( a) ( i v) The nmr spect r um of Si s shown bel ow. Use t he spect r um t o i dent i f y
compound S. Expl ai n your choi ce.
Pr opan 2-ol or f or mul a ( 1)
3 peaks so t hr ee di f f er ent t ypes of pr ot on
( 1) Ar gument based on i t not bei ng
pr opan- 1- ol whi ch woul d show 4 peaks
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( b) ( i ) Compl et e t he t abl e bel ow by f i l l i ng i n t he i nf erences col umn. In each case
you shoul d i ndi cat e what t he t est and obser vat i ons t el l you about t he or i gi nal
compound.
Add 1 cm
3
of T t o 2
cm
3
of 2, 4-
di ni t r ophenyl hydr azi ne
sol ut i on. Leave t he
mi xt ur e t o st and.
An or ange
pr eci pi t at e f or ms.
Car bonyl gr oup / C=O
Or
Al dehyde or ket one - bot h needed f or
mar k
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( b) ( i i )
Add 1 cm
3
of T t o
Tol l ens r eagent ( a
sol ut i on of si l ver
ni t r at e i n ammoni a)
and war m t he
mi xt ur e.
A si l ver mi r r or i s
pr oduced on t he
i nsi de of t he t ube.
( Reduci ng agent so) Al dehyde / CHO ( not
ket one)
not ket one on
i t s own unl ess
al dehyde or
ket one gi ven i n
( b) ( i )
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( b) ( i i i ) Use your i nf er ences i n ( i ) and ( i i ) t o suggest a di splayed f ormul a f or T.
C C H
H H H
H
O C
H
Name 1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( c) ( i ) Compl et e t he t abl e bel ow by f i l l i ng i n t he i nf er ences col umn. In each case
you shoul d i ndi cat e what t he t est and obser vat i ons t el l you about t he
or i gi nal compound.
Add 1 cm
3
of sodi um
car bonat e sol ut i on t o
2 cm
3
of U. Test t he
gas evol ved wi t h
l i mewat er .
Vi gor ous
ef f er vescence.
Gas evol ved t ur ns
l i mewat er cl oudy.
( Car bon di oxi de evol ved) aci d gr oup / COOH
( pr esent )
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( c) ( i i )
Mi x 2 cm
3
of Swi t h an
equal vol ume of U.
Add 1 cm
3
of
concent r at ed sul f ur i c
aci d and heat t he
mi xt ur e. Pour t he
mi xt ur e i nt o a beaker
of sodi um car bonat e
sol ut i on.
Fr ui t y smel l i ng l i qui d
pr oduced.
Est er ( f or med f r om aci d U and al cohol S) 1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( c) ( i i i ) Based on your i nf er ences f r om (i ) and ( i i ) suggest a di spl ayed f ormul a f or U.
C C H
H H
H
O C
H
O H
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
1 ( d) Wr i t e t he equat i on f or t he r eact i on bet ween Sand U. In your answer show
t he st ruct ural f ormul a of t he pr oduct .
CH
3
CH( OH) CH
3
+ CH
3
CH
2
COOH
CH
3
CH
2
C
O
O CH
CH
3
CH
3
+ H
2
O
al l ow TE on ( a) ( i v) i f pr opan- 1- ol gi ven
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
2 ( a) Compound X i s an anhydr ous sal t .
Compl et e t he t abl e bel ow by f i l l i ng i n t he i nf erences col umn.
Col our X i s a br own sol i d.
Tr ansi t i on met al compound 1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
2 ( b)
Add 2 cm
3
of wat er t o
0. 5 g of sol i d X.
Heat evol ved and a
gr een sol ut i on i s
pr oduced.
Any t wo f r om:
Copper 2+, Ni ckel 2+, Chr omi um 3+, Ir on
2+
OR
Cu
2+
Ni
2+
Cr
3+
Fe
2+
1
Quest i on
Number.
Quest i on
2 ( c)
Di vi de t he sol ut i on
f r om ( b) i nt o t wo
equal por t i ons and t o
one por t i on add excess
di l ut e ammoni a
sol ut i on.
A pal e bl ue
pr eci pi t at e i s
pr oduced whi ch
di ssol ves i n excess
ammoni a sol ut i on t o
gi ve a deep bl ue
sol ut i on.
Copper 2+ (compl ex f or med - Cu( NH
3
)
+
)
Ignor e Cu( OH)
2
ppt .
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
2 ( d)
To t he second por t i on
add 3 cm
3
di l ut e ni t r i c
aci d ( an excess)
f ol l owed by 1 cm
3
of
si l ver ni t r at e sol ut i on.
A whi t e pr eci pi t at e
i s pr oduced.
Chl or i de / Cl
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
2 ( e) Whi ch obser vat i on suggest s t hat X i s anhydr ous?
Heat evol ved
OR
Col our change when wat er added (1)
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( a) In an exer ci se t o i nvest i gat e t he per cent age by mass of i r on i n an i r on( II)
compound, a st udent made up 250 cm
3
of t he sol ut i on of t he i r on( II)
compound i n a vol umet r i c f l ask usi ng di l ut e sul f ur i c aci d. The st udent t hen
t i t r at ed 25. 0 cm
3
por t i ons of t he sol ut i on t o whi ch excess di l ut e sul f ur i c aci d
had been added, wi t h 0. 0200 mol dm
- 3
aqueous pot assi um manganat e( VII)
sol ut i on.
The equat i on f or t he r eact i on i s:
MnO
4
( aq) + 5Fe
2+
( aq) + 8H
+
( aq) Mn
2+
( aq) + 5Fe
3+
( aq) + 4H
2
O( l )
Suggest one r eason why t he i r on( II) sol ut i on was made up i n di l ut e sul f ur i c
aci d and mor e di l ut e sul f ur i c aci d was added bef or e each t i t r at i on was
car r i ed out .
8 mol s of H
+
ar e needed i n t he equat i on
f or t he t i t r at i on r eact i on
OR
t o pr event oxi dat i on by t he ai r ( of Fe
2+
)
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( b) Compl et e Tabl e 2 by f i l l i ng i n t he mi ssi ng dat a.
Answer Mar k
Ti t r at i on number Tr i al 1 2 3 4
Bur et t e r eadi ng ( f i nal )
/ cm
3
26. 50 25. 85 26. 60 26. 00 26. 80
Bur et t e r eadi ng ( i ni t i al )
/ cm
3
0. 00 0. 15 0. 30 0. 20 1. 05
Ti t r e / cm
3
26. 50 25. 70 26. 30 25. 80 25. 75
Al l f our answer s cor r ect
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( c) Out l i ne t he pr ocedur e t hat shoul d be f ol l owed t o car r y out t i t r at i on number
1. Incl ude i n your answer t he names of any appar at us used and expl ai n how
you wi l l r ecogni se t he end- poi nt of t he t i t r at i on.
- Tr ansf er 25. 0 cm
3
of t he i r on(II)
sol ut i on usi ng a pi pet t e and pi pet t e
f i l l er t o a t i t rat i on / coni cal f l ask (1)
- Add ( 25 cm
3
) / an excess / any st at ed
amount > 10 cm
3
of di l ut e sul phur i c
aci d (1)
- Add 23 - 24 cm
3
/ some r easonabl e
vol ume of t he pot assi um
manganat e( VII) wi t h shaki ng f r om
bur et t e (1)
- Add t he pot assi um manganat e sol ut i on
one dr op at a t i me / dr op wi se (1)
- Unt i l t he f i r st si gn of a permanent
pi nk col our (1)
- No mar k f or use of whi t e t i l e
-
NB: If answer does not r un i n a r easonabl e
amount bef or e dr opwi se addi t i on t o end
poi nt max 4
5
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( d) Li st t he number s of t he t i t r at i ons t hat you wi l l use t o cal cul at e t he mean
t i t r e.
Ti t r es used
Number s 1, 3 and 4 (1)
Mean
3
cm 75 . 25
3
75 . 25 8 . 25 7 . 25
=
+ +
(1)
Al l ow TE
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( e) ( i ) Cal cul at e t he mass of i r on i n 250 cm
3
of t he i r on( II) sol ut i on. Use t he
per i odi c t abl e as a sour ce of dat a.
Mol s of manganat e( VII) used i n t i t r at i on

mol s 10 x 15 . 5
1000
0200 . 0 75 . 25
4
=
=
(1)
Mol s of i r on( II) i n 25. 00 cm
3
of sol ut i on
= 5. 15 x 10
4
x 5 (1) = 2. 575 x
10
3
mol s
Mol s of i r on( II) i n 250 cm
3
of sol ut i on
= 2. 575 x 10
3
x 10 (1) = 0. 02575
mol s
Mass of i r on i n 250 cm
3
of sol ut i on
= 0. 02575 x 55. 8 = 1. 44g (1)
consequent i al or mean t i t r e
4
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( e) ( i i ) Cal cul at e t he per cent age by mass of i r on i n t he i r on( II) sal t .
%i r on i n compound
=
% 1 . 20 / % 07 . 20 100
16 . 7
) 437 . 1 (
=
(1)
cor r ect answer wi t h no wor ki ng (1)
1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
3 ( f ) When maki ng up t he sol ut i on of t he i r on( II) sal t , anot her st udent , by
mi st ake, added t oo much di l ut e sul f ur i c aci d t o t he gr aduat ed f l ask bef or e
shaki ng t he cont ent s so t hat t he t ot al vol ume was over 250 cm
3
.
Expl ai n t he ef f ect t hi s mi st ake woul d have on t he st udent s vol ume of
pot assi um manganat e( VII) sol ut i on used i n t he t i t r at i on.
The vol ume of pot assi um manganat e( VII)
used wi l l be smal l er t han t he cor r ect
f i gur e (1)
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( a) Cal cul at e t he mass of met hyl benzoat e t hat shoul d be used t o pr oduce 5. 0 g
of benzoi c aci d.
[ Mol ar Masses: C
6
H
5
CO
2
CH
3
= 136 g mol
1
C
6
H
5
CO
2
H = 122 g mol
1
]
g 29 . 9
60 122
136 100 5
=

1 mark f or expressi on
1 mark f or correct answer
correct answer wi t h no worki ng (2)
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( b) ( i ) The st udent was t ol d t o add 20 cm
3
of 4. 0 mol dm
- 3
sodi um hydr oxi de
sol ut i on ( an excess) t o t he met hyl benzoat e.
Is i t bet t er t o measur e out t he vol ume of sodi um hydr oxi de sol ut i on usi ng a
pi pet t e, a bur et t e or a measur i ng cyl i nder ? Just i f y your answer .
Measur i ng cyl i nder (1)
Sodi um hydr oxi de i n excess so no need f or
gr eat accur acy / saf er / qui cker (1)
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( b) ( i i ) In addi t i on t o wear i ng goggl es and a l abor at or y coat , what ot her saf et y
pr ecaut i on shoul d be t aken when handl i ng 4. 0 mol dm
3
sodi um hydr oxi de
sol ut i on? Just i f y your answer .
Gl oves because 4 M NaOH cor r osi ve 1
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( c) The mi xt ur e was heat ed under r ef l ux f or 15 mi nut es and t hen pour ed i nt o a
100 cm
3
beaker .
Dr aw a f ul l y l abel l ed di agr am of t he appar at us used f or heat i ng under r ef l ux.
Fl ask +cont ent s + heat i ng (1)
Vert i cal condenser (1)
condenser wat er f l ow (1)
Appar at us over al l cor r ect and saf e not
seal ed (1)
4
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( d) Di l ut e hydr ochl or i c aci d was added t o t he beaker , st i r r i ng cont i nuousl y, unt i l
t he sol ut i on was aci di c.
Suggest how you woul d car r y out a si mpl e t est t o i ndi cat e t hat you have
added suf f i ci ent hydr ochl or i c aci d.
Remove sampl e on a gl ass r od(1)
t est wi t h sui t abl e i ndi cat or paper unt i l
aci di c (1)
2
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( e) The benzoi c aci d was separ at ed f r om t he mi xt ur e by f i l t r at i on and
r ecr yst al l i zed f r om hot wat er .
Descr i be how t he r ecr yst al l i zat i on i s car r i ed out , expl ai ni ng how t he met hod
woul d r emove bot h sol ubl e and i nsol ubl e i mpur i t i es.
Di ssol ve i n mi ni mum of hot wat er (1)
Fi l t er hot t o r emove i nsol ubl e
i mpur i t i es(1)
Cool ( i n i ce bat h) (1)
Fi l t er col d t o r emove sol ubl e i mpur i t i es
/ l eave sol ubl e i mpur i t i es i n t he
sol ut i on(1)
4
Quest i on
Number
Quest i on
4 ( f ) The mel t i ng t emper at ur e of benzoi c aci d i s 122C. The st udent s sampl e was
i mpur e. Suggest how t he mel t i ng t emper at ur e of t he sampl e woul d di f f er
f r om t hat of pur e benzoi c aci d.
Lower t han 122C(1)
Mel t over a r ange of t emper at ur es/ shar p
(1) st and al one
2
Acknowledgement s
This document has been produced by Edexcel on t he basis of consult at ion wit h t eachers, examiners,
consult ant s and ot her int erest ed part ies. Edexcel acknowledges it s indebt edness t o all t hose who cont ribut ed
t heir t ime and expert ise t o it s development .
Every effort has been made t o cont act copyright holders t o obt ain t heir permission for t he use of copyright
material. Edexcel will, if notihed, be happy to rectify any errors or omissions and include any such
rectihcations in future editions.
References t o t hird- part y mat erial made in t his document are made in good fait h. Edexcel does not endorse,
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websit es. )
Aut horised by David Davies
Publicat ions code UA019729
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Edexcel Limit ed 2008
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