Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Introduction: Much discussion occurs in the media over the many serious environmental
problems that Bangladesh faces. Recently, polythene bags in particular have drawn much
attention so much so that the Government of Bangladesh banned the use of polythene shopping
bags. Air pollution is also often discussed, though measures to reduce it have been limited todate.
But what about noise pollution? While it is sometimes mentioned, it has not received serious
attention. To some Dhaka residents, it may be considered more of a necessary aggravation than a
serious problem that can be addressed.
Noise pollution is not only an aggravation, but also a serious health risk. The WHO has
established maximum allowable levels of noise, above which people are harmed; it is widely
known that in many parts of Dhaka city, those levels are regularly exceeded. Regular exposure to
high levels of noise damages hearing. Noise pollution can also increase stress and blood
pressure, cause troubles sleeping and concentrating, and lead to bad tempers and fights. Noise
pollution can also be reduced, through passage and enforcement of laws, and increasing of public
awareness about the problem and ways to reduce it.
Noise pollution continues to pose a major health threat for Bangladesh, especially in cities and
particularly in Dhaka city. People of Dhaka city mostly suffer from the bad effects of noise
pollution. Approximately 12 million people now live in the capital city where traffic congestion
is a regular phenomenon almost in every road, lane and by-lane. This traffic congestion is the
root cause of noise pollution as most of the motor vehicles especially buses, mini-buses and
trucks have hydraulic horns and the drivers are trained to honk continuously till they get their
ways clear. Other reasons for honking that creates noise pollution include reckless driving,
overtaking and drivers’ lack of knowledge on the impact of noise pollution. Moreover, use of
brick-crushing machines in the locality and abuse of loudspeakers are other causes of noise
pollution. In my discussion here I discuss about the noise pollution of Dhaka city.
What is noise : In simple terms, noise is unwanted sound. Sound is a form of energy which is
emitted by a vibrating body and on reaching the ear causes the sensation of hearing through
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
nerves. Sounds produced by all vibrating bodies are not audible. The frequency limits of
audibility are from 20 HZ to 20,000 HZ.
A noise problem generally consists of three inter-related elements- the source, the receiver and
the transmission path. This transmission path is usually the atmosphere through which the sound
is propagated, but can include the structural materials of any building containing the receiver
(See Fig. 1)
Noise may be continuous or intermittent. Noise may be of high frequency or of low frequency
which is undesired for a normal hearing. For example, the typical cry of a child produces sound,
which is mostly unfavorable to normal hearing. Since it is unwanted sound, we call it noise.
The discrimination and differentiation between sound and noise also depends upon the habit and
interest of the person/species receiving it, the ambient conditions and impact of the sound
generated during that particular duration of time. There could be instances that, excellently
rendered musical concert for example, may be felt as noise and exceptional music as well during
the course of the concert !
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Sounds of frequencies less than 20 HZ are called infrasonics and greater than 20,0000 HZ are
called ultrasonics. Since noise is also a sound, the terms noise and sound are synonymously used
and are followed in this module.
How Sound Computed : The intensity of sound is measured in sound pressure levels (SPL)
and common unit of measurement is decibel, dB. The community (ambient) noise levels are
measured in the A - weighted SPL, abbreviated dB(A). This scale resembles the audible response
of human ear. Sounds of frequencies from 800 to 3000 HZ are covered by the A - weighted scale.
If the sound pressure level, L1 in dB is measured at r1 meters, then the sound pressure level, L2
in dB at r2 meters is given by,
If the sound levels are measured in terms of pressure, then, sound pressure level, LP is given by,
Day-night equivalent noise levels (Ldn): The day night equivalent noise levels of a community
can be expressed as -
Ldn , dB(A) = 10 x log10 [15/24 (10Ld/10) + 9/24 (10(Ln + 10)/10)] ............... (3)
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Addition of sound levels: The effective sound levels form two or more sources cannot be
simply added algebraically. For example, the effective sound level from two air conditioners 60
dB(A) each, say is not 60 + 60 = 120 dB (A) but 60 + 3 = 63 dB(A). (See table 1). Similarly, the
effective sound level of 57 dB, 63 dB, 63 dB, 66 dB and 69 dB is 72 dB. The computation is
illustrated below.
0 or 1 3 dB
2 or 3 2 dB
4-8 1 dB
9 or more 0 dB
Source : Franken A. Peter, Community Noise Pollution, Industrial Pollution, Van Noistrand Reinhold Company,
New York, 1974 ed.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Frequency analysis : The frequency analysis allow to separate the main components of the
signals by dividing the frequency range of interest into smaller frequency bands using a set of
filters. We may distinguish between noises that consist of regularly repeated or periodic sounds
and those that consist of aperiodic sounds. The simplest periodic sound is a pure tone i.e., a
pressure disturbance that fluctuates sinusoidally at a particular frequency. The lower the
frequency, the longer is the wave length (wavelength = velocity of sound/frequency).
The noise produced by most sources of community noise, such as automobiles or aircraft
engines, are examples of aperiodic sounds. Such sounds cannot be subdivided into sets of
harmonically related pure tones but can be described in terms of components extending over
finite frequency bands. Such frequency analysis are often done in bands of octaves or 1/3
octaves.
An octave band is a frequency band with upper and lower cutoff frequencies having a ratio of 2.
The cut off frequencies of 707 HZ and 1414 HZ define an octave band, whose band centre
frequency is 1000 HZ and would be referred to as the 1000 HZ octave band.
Frequency analysers can be divided into two groups viz. constant band width analyser and
constant percentage bandwidth analyser. In the constant bandwidth analyser the filter bandwidth
is kept constant throughout the frequency range while in the constant percentage bandwidth
analyser, the bandwidth is proportional to the centre frequencies. The constant percentage
bandwidth analyser is widely used. The nine preferred centre frequencies for noise level
measurement are 31.5, 63, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 HZ.
As already mentioned, dB(A) values give emphasis to sounds in the range of about 800 to 3000
HZ. Since the sound generating frequencies are not fully covered under dB(A), for detailed
evaluation and engineering design, the multiple-number descriptions provided by frequency
analysis are often required.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
which give us a purposeful act of comparing noises under different conditions for assessment of
adverse impacts of noise and adopting suitable control techniques for noise reduction. The
various equipment used for noise level measurement are summarised at Table 2. The principle
and the components of noise measuring instruments is summarised below.
A sound level meter consists basically of a microphone and an electronic circuit including an
attenuator, amplifier, weighting networks or filters and a display unit. The microphone converts
the sound signal to an equivalent electrical signal. The signal is passed through a weighting
network which provides a conversion and gives the sound pressure level in dB. The instructions
laid down by the noise level meter manufacturers shall be followed while using the instruments.
The time constants used for the sound level meter standards are (3)
S (Slow) = 1 second
F (Fast) = 125 milli seconds.
Relatively steady sounds are easily measured using the "fast" response and unsteady sounds
using "slow" response. When measuring long-term noise exposure, the noise level is not always
steady and may vary considerably, in an irregular way over the measurement period. This
uncertainty can be solved by measuring the continuous equivalent level, which is defined as, the
constant sound pressure level which would have produced the same total energy as the actual
level over the given time. It is denoted as Leq. The display of Leq facility is also available in
certain models of sound level meters. This is the desired parameter for assessment of ambient
noise levels.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Source : Industrial Safety and Pollution Control Handbook, Associate (Data) Publishers Pvt.,
Secunderabad, 1991 ed.
Sources of noise :
The sources of noise may vary according to daily activities. They sources may be domestic
(movement of utensils, cutting and peeling of fruits/vegetables etc.) natural (shores, birds/animal
shouts, wind movement, sea tide movement, water falls etc.), commercial (vendor shouts,
automobiles, aeroplanes, marriages, laboratory, machinery etc.) industrial (generator sets, boilers,
plant operations, trolley movement, transport vehicles, pumps, motors etc.). The noise levels of
some of the sources are summarised at table 3.
Typical surveys pertaining to causes of noise pollution, reveal the various sources of noise
pollution and frequency variation of their occurrences. Road traffic is identified as the major
source of noise pollution while at home or outdoors or at work.
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Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Riveting 95 Trains 96
Source : Muralikrishna, K V S G, Air Pollution and Control, Kaushal & Co., Kakinada, AP, 1995 ed.
Aircraft Noise : The noise of aircraft is described in terms of Perceived Noise Levels
(PNL), a scale of noisiness, expressed in pNdB. There is no simple relationship between the
dB(A) value and pNdB value for all noises. However, a useful statement is that, the pNdB value
for a noise is approximately 13 units greater than the dB(A) value for the noise.
A further refinement resulting from the study of aircraft noise is the Effective Noise Level, a
scale of noisiness of a time-varying event, expressed in EPNdB. It is used to describe the noise
of a single aircraft activity. In order to describe the noise exposure associated with an airport, the
EPNdB values are supplemented with such information as the number of flights of each aircraft
type, the flight paths that the aircraft use and the time of day at which the operations occur. The
resulting picture is often presented in such terms as Noise Exposure Forecast (NEF) contours,
which are intended to represent the long-term average noise exposure in communities around
airports.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
In Bangladesh noise pollution (also termed as sound pollution) is a major health hazard. In fact,
due to noise pollution millions of people in Bangladesh are exposed to a number of health risks -
from deafness to heart attack. On city streets noise pollution can be caused by hydraulic horns of
vehicles, microphones and cassette players. The hydraulic horns used by buses, trucks and
scooters in the crowded city streets are dangerous for human being. This is also how noise
pollution in Dhaka City is affecting the hearing power of thousands of children everyday. The
horns especially cause serious damage to children. Experts say, if a child below three years of
age hears a horn emitting 100 dB of noise from a close range, he or she might lose his or her
hearing power. A child's health may also be adversely affected by loud sounds from the radio,
television, cassette players and microphones, the sound of mills and factories and loud noise.
The unit of sound frequency is hertz. Human beings usually hear 15 to 20 kilohertz (KHz)
frequency sound. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), generally 60 dB sound
can make a man deaf temporarily and 100 dB sound can cause complete deafness. But the noise
of any busy street in Dhaka has been estimated at 60 to 80 dB, with the sound of vehicles being
95 dB, loud speakers 90 to 100 dB, mills and factories 80 to 90 dB, restaurants and cinema halls
75 to 90 dB, festivals 85 to 90 dB, scooter or motorbike 87 to 92 dB and trucks and buses 92 to
94 dB. But the desired sound measure is 25 dB in the bedroom, 40 dB in the dining or drawing
room, 35-40 dB in the office, 30-40 dB in the class room, 35-40 dB in the library, 20-35 dB in
hospital, 40-60 dB in a restaurant and 45 dB in the city at night. When the sound exceeds this
limit, there is noise pollution. Noise pollution beyond the limit destroys hearing and might even
lead to the losing of one's mental balance. Noise pollution also causes peevish temperament,
affects lungs, hampers the intellect of the children and makes them apathetic towards their
studies.
According to a survey of the Department of Environment (DOE), noise causes mental and
physical illness among the people. It causes high blood pressure, tachycardia, headache,
indigestion, peptic ulcer, and also affects sound sleep. Anyone may become deaf for the time
being if 100 dB or more noise pollution occurs for half an hour or more in any place. Working in
an atmosphere of loud noise for a long period can cause complete deafness to any person. Any
sort of noise pollution seriously affects expecting mothers. It has been observed that pregnant
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
mothers living near big airports give birth to more crippled, deformed and immature children
than those living in other places.
According to the DOE the perfect sound condition for Bangladesh is 45 dB for the daytime and
35 dB for the night in peaceful areas, 50 dB for the daytime and 40 dB for the night in residential
areas, 60 dB for the daytime and 50 dB for the night in mixed areas (residential, commercial and
industrial localities), 70 dB for the daytime and 60 dB for the night in commercial areas and 75
dB for the daytime and 70 dB for the night in industrial areas.
Another survey of DOE shows that noise pollution has increased in different parts of Dhaka City.
The survey indicates that at Shaheen School the noise level is 83 dB during daytime and 74 dB at
night. At Motijheel Government High School the noise level is 83 dB during daytime and 79 dB
at night, at Dhanmondi Government Boys School 80 dB during daytime and 75 dB at night, at
Azimpur Girls' College 80 dB during daytime and 74 dB at night, at Tejgaon Girls' College 75
dB during daytime and 67 dB at night, at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University 82 dB
during day and 74 dB at night, at Dhaka Medical College Hospital 80 dB during the day and 69
dB at night, at Mitford Hospital 76 dB during the day and 73 dB at night and at Shishu Hospital
72 dB during the day and 69 dB at night.
City-dwellers Suffer From Noise Pollution : Although the problems of air and water
pollution have received much publicity through the print media, there seems to be a lack of
awareness in the case of noise pollution. Notably, environmental activists as well as journalists
have not been vocal enough about the adverse effect of noise pollution, which is no longer just a
minor health hazard. Despite being widespread, its long-term ill effects are somehow not obvious
to the casual observer and even trained environmentalists apparently have failed to take stock of
the situation. At present, its pernicious effects can be felt even in district towns, not to mention
big cities.
For lack of zoning laws governing growth activities in specific areas like residential,
commercial, industrial, recreational, etc., we find an intermingling of disparate entities in a given
area. For example, a predominantly residential area may have mills and factories, commercial
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
centres, educational institutions etc. Hospitals, recreational areas such as parks, and libraries are
found located within areas of heavy vehicular traffic, causing serious noise pollution as the
rattling sound from two-stroke engines of auto-rickshaws and uncontrolled honking of horns by
cars, trucks and buses continue all day long.
In many cases, our lack of civic sense compounds the problem. Organisers of different functions
including marriage ceremonies and other social or political events install loudspeakers to play
music or to deliver speeches, even in the late hours of night.
They do not spare a thought that the noise they create could be a source of extreme mental agony
for people living around, particularly patients, students studying for exams or those trying to rest
after a hard day's work.
The intensity of sound is measured in logarithmic units known as decibels. Sounds measuring 80
decibels can cause hearing defects. Steady exposure to sounds exceeding 90 decibels, a level that
is frequently reached in many common urban areas during construction work involving drilling
and welding, takeoff and landing of jet planes, traffic jams, etc., can cause permanent damage to
the ear. In addition to loss of hearing, noise can produce other deleterious effects on human
health and work performance.
Developed countries are much more conscious about the adverse effects of noise pollution. In
Japan, stretches of noise insulation boards have been installed along the road from the Narita
Airport to the Tokyo City Centre in order to protect residential areas from the onslaught of noise
rising from movement of heavy motor traffic.
In many cities, operation of drills and other noisy equipment after daylight hours is legally
prohibited. Another strategy of urban planning is to locate busy city centres and heavy industries
outside city limits.
As far as we are concerned, it is not that we lack legal provisions regarding noise control in our
country. Dhaka Metropolitan Police have issued codes governing the use of loudspeakers during
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
public meetings and other functions. But enforcement of these rules is another matter.
Our legal instruments available cannot be used for noise control due to the indifference on the
part of the affected quarters. Lately, the situation has reached such proportions that some are
saying that we, as a nation, are not yet fit for urban living.
In view of the growing menace of noise pollution, the onus of convincing the people about the
hazards of noise pollution and building up an effective movement to stop it lies on the doctors,
scientists, environmentalists, and journalists.
Noise pollution And Dhaka City : Level of noise in Dhaka city is now a major concern
for the general people because it has exceeded the tolerance level. According to a recent study
conducted by WHO at 45 locations of Dhaka city, most of the traffic points and many of the
industrial, residential, commercial, silent and mixed areas are suffering noises exceeding the
standard limits of Bangladesh. WHO found noise levels of 70 dB in Dhaka Medical College, 75
dB in Shakhari Patti, 90 dB in English Road, 87.8 dB in Rajuk avenue and 85 dB in Tejgaon,
though the standard limit for those area are 50, 55, 60, 70 and 75 dB respectively. WHO has also
identified several areas as severe red, moderate red, mild red and green zones in terms of noise
pollution in Dhaka city (Figure 03)
These are mainly due to vehicular horns and movement, loudspeakers from processions and
meetings, high volume of audio players from roadside small business enterprises and others (see
Figure 04, and 05.).
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Figure 04. Construction activities Figure 05. Political meeting at Jatrabari using loudspeakers
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Noise Pollution In Dhaka City : A study was conducted in 1999 in the same areas, which
had also showed almost similar findings. The noise scenarios of Dhaka city, in fact, show an
extreme threat to human health, especially for elderly people and children. Moreover, the traffic
personnel, rickshaw pullers, open vehicle drivers, road side workers, small scale business
enterprise workers etc are exposed for long-term noise pollution which might cause severe
mental and physical health problems. Details of the noise level of different zones of Dhaka city
are shown in Table 04 to 08 ,those table also discuss the exceeding limits of sound. However, an
average sound level was determined in all the above findings.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
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Environmental Science Discipline
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Vehicular horns: Due to traffic jams on the roads of Dhaka city, most of the vehicles use their
horn constantly, which is extremely harmful to human health, especially for children. The World
Health Organization (WHO) opines that 60 decibels of sound can make a person deaf (The Daily
Bangladesh Observer, 9 April, 2004). The noise level of Dhaka is more or the city have sound
level more than the noise quality standard.
The WHO study already identified eight areas in Dhaka city as severe red zones and ten areas as
moderate red zone for noise pollution of which Mahakhali, Gabtoli, and Sayedabad bus terminals
are on the top for extreme noise pollution. Moreover, due to lack of awareness and inefficiency
in driving, many drivers use the horn unnecessarily that increases sound level in the proximity.
The practical situation is very severe in the mornings near any primary of secondary school. The
drivers constantly blow their horns, which directly expose the students to higher level of sound.
Many vehicles with very old engines ply on the city street that sometimes create more noise than
the horns. However, proper enforcement of the following policies, acts and guidelines may able
to address the noise hazards in the city.
Besides the above mentioned policies, acts and rules, recently the government has taken some
action to control noise level in the city. Some of these initiatives are as follows.
1. Formulation of Noise Control Rules, 2004.
2. Banning vehicular hydraulic horns.
3. Monitoring mechanism at the main traffic points to determine whether the vehicles
follow the orders or not.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
4. Removal of 4000 nos. of hydraulic horns by the DMP from the vehicles plying on the
city street (Hasan, 2003).
5. Tejgaon truck terminal would be relocated to a nearby place belonging to the
Bangladesh Railway, which might save large parts of Tejgaon and Kawranbazar from
severe traffic congestion and hence noise pollution.
6. The decision to relocate the Gabtoli, S a i d a b a d , Armani t o l a and
Mohammadpur truck terminals has also been taken which would reduce the noise
level in those areas.
7. The decision has been made to relocate most of the bus stops, demolish passenger
sheds and build new ones at suitable places.
Industrial Operation: A large number of industries are located in three specific areas, though
some are sited in a scattered manner in different parts of the city. Tejgaon and Hazaribagh are the
major industrial areas of the city, which are identified as red zone for noise pollution. In fact, all
these industrial sites are located very close to the major roads of the city. So throughout the day,
transport noise and the noise of industries usually occur together. In Tejgaon industrial area, the
sound level was found 87 dB in 1999 and 84 dB in 2002, which shows that the sound level
exceeded the standards by more than 10 dB in just 3 years. In Hajaribagh, the noise level was
measured to be 80.8 dB in 1999 and 80 dB in 2002; both had exceeded the standards. It has been
reported that about 16,000 people work in the Hazaribagh tannery industries with continuous
exposure to chemicals and noise (Khan, 2003). Besides the workers, many nearby residents,
professionals, school children, and medical patients are also highly exposed to this combined
noise effect of industry and transport vehicles. However, the industries of the city may be
compelled to comply with the above policies and guidelines with a view to reducing the noise
level. Enforcement and monitoring on industrial operation is also needed on an emergency basis.
Construction and Repair Activities : The rapid urbanization, economic development and utility
management of the city include construction and reconstruction of residential buildings,
commercial buildings, roads and highways. All these development activities require brick
grinding machines, forklifts, metal equipments, generators etc. that create huge amounts of noise
during their operation. These activities have tremendously increased in last few years in the city.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Besides these, there are a large number of metal workshops on the roadsides, which use metal
instruments for cutting and shaping, as necessary. The continuous hammering activities have
extreme effect on everyday life and can cause mental disorder in the people living in close
proximity of the sound. Such noise should be controlled by enforcing the above rules and
policies.
Use of Loudspeakers and Microphones: The most uncomfortable situation for city dwellers arise
when the use of loudspeakers in the shops and markets and microphones for political processions,
meetings, picnic parties, lottery ticket selling etc goes beyond human tolerance.
Such nuisance and unnecessary use of microphones and loudspeakers are observed mainly in the daytime
all over the city, which seriously bother the city dwellers. Students can hardly concentrate in their studies
due to the regular blare of microphones in some areas of Dhaka city. Most of the commercial and
administrative areas including Motijheel, Farmgate, and Rajuk Avenue have exceeded the standard limit
(WHO, 1999 & 2002). Motijheel and Farmgate were identified as red zones in terms of noise pollution
due to the loudspeakers used for selling lottery tickets, for political, social, religious and organizational
meetings and processions. Such tremendous levels of noises disturb the people in those areas and may
also cause mental and physical illness. The health section of the Environment Policy of 1992 strictly
states the need for developing healthy environment for urban areas to ensure healthy workplace for
workers (BELA, 1996). Upcoming noise rules may be used to address this situation.
Vehicular movements on uneven/bumpy road surface : Much of the city road surface
including major roads, link roads, and lanes and by-lanes are not smooth or clean enough for
efficient transportation. Moreover, most of the city roads are frequently dug up for construction
activities by the different utility services, and in many cases, the reconstruction job of the road is
not properly completed. As a result, the road surfaces become uneven, patchy and bumpy, which
in turn causes continuous friction with running vehicles. Following are the necessary actions
required to overcome the situation:
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Road surface should be smooth and even otherwise it causes noise and accidents too. Continuous
bumping on uneven road surface also reduces longevity of the vehicles.
In cases of long term exposure to moderatly loud noise, the onset and progress of noise
induced deafness is very gradual and by the time the individual is already somewhat deaf,
he/she many not be aware of the deafness until the deafness starts affecting the person's
ability to hear normal conversation, telephone rings and doorbells etc.
• Auditory Fatigue
Noise of 90 dB causes buzzing and whistling in the ears.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
Noise Control at Source : The noise pollution can be controlled at the source of generation
itself by employing techniques like-
Reducing the noise levels from domestic sectors: The domestic noise coming
from radio, tape recorders, television sets, mixers, washing machines, cooking
operations can be minimised by their selective and judicious operation. By usage
of carpets or any absorbing material, the noise generated from felling of items in
house can be minimised.
Maintenance of automobiles: Regular servicing and tuning of vehicles will
reduce the noise levels. Fixing of silencers to automobiles, two wheelers etc., will
reduce the noise levels.
Control over vibrations: The vibrations of materials may be controlled using
proper foundations, rubber padding etc. to reduce the noise levels caused by
vibrations.
Low voice speaking: Speaking at low voices enough for communication reduces
the excess noise levels.
Prohibition on usage of loud speakers: By not permitting the usage of
loudspeakers in the habitant zones except for important meetings / functions.
Now-a-days, the urban Administration of the metro cities in India, is becoming
stringent on usage of loudspeakers.
Selection of machinery: Optimum selection of machinery tools or equipment
reduces excess noise levels. For example selection of chairs, or selection of
certain machinery/equipment which generate less noise (Sound) due to its
superior technology etc. is also an important factor in noise minimisation strategy.
Maintenance of machines: Proper lubrication and maintenance of machines,
vehicles etc. will reduce noise levels. For example, it is a common experience
that, many parts of a vehicle will become loose while on a rugged path of journey.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
Muhammad Mahadi
Environmental Science Discipline
If these loose parts are not properly fitted, they will generate noise and cause
annoyance to the driver/passenger. Similarly is the case of machines. Proper
handling and regular maintenance is essential not only for noise control but also
to improve the life of machine.
Conclusion : Noise pollution is a serious and neglected issue in Dhaka, and throughout
Bangladesh. It is time for NGOs, the media, and the Government of Bangladesh to work together
to reduce the problem, and increase the quality of life in this country. As many of the sources of
noise pollution are unnecessary and could be reduced fairly easily and at little cost, there is no
excuse for further delaying on action. Given the magnitude of the problem, and of the human
suffering that results, we can no longer afford to neglect the issue of noise pollution. For the
health, sanity, and well-being of the population, and for the future of our children, it is time that
we all take this problem seriously, and begin implementing solutions. Whether as individuals,
NGO staff, or members of the media, we can and must take specific steps to reduce the problem
of noise pollution.
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Noise Pollution In Dhaka City.
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Environmental Science Discipline
References :
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