OBJECTIVE: To differentiate the different types of chemical reactions.

CONCLUSION: Chemical reaction is a process in which one or more reactants are converted into products. There are four (4) types of chemical reactions: Combination Reaction (Synthesis), Decomposition Reaction, Single Replacement Reaction (Substitution), and Double Replacement Reaction (Metathesis). The types of chemical reactions can be classified in different ways. In one, they can be classified either as oxidation-reduction or non-oxidation-reduction reactions. In the experiment, we learned to determine and differentiate the four (4) major types of chemical reactions through the use of various chemicals. Also, we learned that all chemical reactions may be endothermic or exothermic (Endothermic absorbs heat as Exothermic produces or releases heat). Combination Reaction or Synthesis is one of the simplest types of chemical reactions, this reaction involves two substances being combined forming another substance. Like the Ca(OH) 2 (Calcium Hydroxide) formed from the dissolving CaO (Calcium Oxide) in H2O (water). The H3PO4 (Aqueous Phosphoric Acid) formed from dissolving P2O5 (Diphosporus Pentoxide) in H2O (water). Both reactions produced or released heat, therefore are exothermic reactions. Decomposition Reaction is the total opposite of Combination Reaction. It is a type of chemical reaction in which a substance is being degraded or decomposed into two or more basic substances. Like the heating of KClO3 (Potassium Chlorate) produced KCl (Potassium Chloride) and O2 (Oxygen), which supported the combustion of the splinter, in the experiment. The heating of CaCO 3 (Calcium Carbonate) produced CaO (Calcium Oxide) and CO2 (Carbon

Dioxide), which exterminated the flame of the splinter, in the experiment. Both reactions absorbed heat, therefore are endothermic reactions. Single Replacement Reaction or Substitution is a type of chemical reaction in which an element replaces another element in a compound, forming a new compound and an element is released. Like the reaction of HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) and Al (Aluminum) forming AlCl3 (Aluminum Chloride) and H2 (two Hydrogen Molecules), in which the aluminum reacted violently with HCl, produced gas bubbles (heat) and dissolved the alluminum, in the experiment; and the reaction of CuSO4 (Cupric Sulfate) and Fe (Staple Wires) forming FeSO4 (Ferrous Sulfate) and Cu (Copper), in which the staple wires reacted with CuSO4 and formed rust, in the experiment. Both reactions released heat, therefore are exothermic reactions. Double Replacement Reaction or Metathesis is a type of chemical reaction in which there are two reactant compounds react and exchange ions to form two new compounds. Like the reaction of CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate) and HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) forming CaCl2 (Calcium Chloride), CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) and H2O (Water), in which the CaCl2 reacted with HCl, changed its color from colorless to white and formed gas bubbles, in the experiment; and the mixing of NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) and CuSO4 (Cupric Sulfate) forming Cu(OH)2 (Copper II Hydroxide) and Na2SO4 (Sodium Sulfate), in which the NaOH reacted with CuSO4 and formed a precipitate, in the experiment. Both reactions released heat, therefore are exothermic reactions. Combination Decomposition Reactions are are always exothermic In while Single Reactions always endothermic.

Replacement and Double Replacement Reactions endothermicity and exothermicity may vary.