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Best practice materials produced through the Global WASH Cluster Hygiene Promotion project (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene), 2009 c/o UNICEF
Cluster Approach
Established as part of humanitarian reform process by IASC June 2006 Global Aim to strengthen system-wide preparedness & technical capacity to respond to humanitarian emergencies Country Level division of roles and responsibilities, prioritisation of resources Improve Predictability, Accountability and Partnership
WFP OCHA/UNICEF/WFP
N.B. Four sectors also agreed: Food, Education, Agriculture and Refugees
Cluster Co-ordination Information Management Hygiene Promotion Capacity Mapping WASH Stockpile Training for Capacity Building Learning Advocacy & Resource Mobilisation
Malnutrition
Susceptability to Pathogens
Health Environment
Security
Malnutrition
Susceptibility to Pathogens
Health Environment
e.g. access to health care water & sanitation shelter,
International mechanisms e.g. UN, peacekeeping Protection, ICRC etc. Political Values, Ideas and Beliefs e.g. respect for human rights, governance and rule of law Formal & Informal Infrastructure e.g. law enforcement, civil society, religious groups, education, health, transport policies Resources: Human, Financial, Structural, Physical Social
Hygiene Promotion
Hygiene promotion is the planned, systematic attempt to enable people to take action to prevent or mitigate water, sanitation and hygiene related diseases
It can also provide a practical way to facilitate community participation and accountability in emergencies.
It involves ensuring that optimal use is made of the water, sanitation and hygiene enabling facilities that are provided.
Hygiene Promotion is not just about message dissemination and behaviour change
Monitoring
Community Participation
Photo: IFRC
Why do we need Hygiene Promotion? 3.To monitor the acceptability of facilities and impact on health
23 36 39 42 44 10 20 30 40 50
According to Curtis and Cairncross (2003), hand washing with soap and water after contact with faecal material can reduce diarrhoeal diseases by 42% or more.
Curtis, V. and Cairncross, S. (2003). Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhoea risk in the community: a systematic review. Lancet Infectious Diseases 3: 275-281.
When possible, allow people to set their own objectives for action and to determine the success of the intervention Monitor intervention including satisfaction and acceptability of facilities and impact on health
Communication
Joharis Window
BLIND HIDDEN
UNKNOWN
OPEN
Active Listening
Big Ears to listen, Big Eyes to See and a Small Mouth to Speak Maclean Sosono
Adult Learning
Monitoring
Community Participation
Nature gave us one tongue and two ears so we could hear twice as much as we speak.
Big Ears to listen, Big Eyes to See and a Small Mouth to Speak Maclean Sosono
Direct question
How many people use the latrine?
Probing question
Can you tell me more about what made you decide to have a latrine?
Hypothetical question
What might encourage your neighbours to build a latrine?
Picture 1
Picture 2
Child Abuse
According to the World Health Organisation: Child abuse or maltreatment constitutes all forms of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment or commercial or other exploitation, resulting in actual or potential harm to the childs health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power.
Child Protection
Some countries may require police checks for people working with children Even where checks are not required staff should be aware of issues of child exploitation and child abuse Activities with children must be arranged with parents consent They should be arranged in public spaces Parents and/or teachers could be involved in helping to supervise activity sessions The Ministry of Social Welfare (or equivalent) or Save the Children can usually provide more information
Child to Child
Photo: IFRC