Economics School Based Assessment Project

Name: Topic: School: How educational centre

Territory: Jamaica Year: Teacher: 2011 Miss

Gender Age 18-23

M 32-36

F 37-44 45 and over

Questionnaires
No

1. Are you currently Unemployed? Yes

2. What do you think is the main cause of unemployment? Lack of Skill Laziness Lack of experience Current Recession

3. What are some of the challenges faced because of being unemployed? PovertyAbuse Poor standard of living Poor Health

4. What strategies do you use to survive? Remittance from abroad Self employment Stealing Begging

5. Do you have any dependents? Yes No

6. How does being unemployed impact on your dependents? Depression necessity Inability to attend School can`t provide them with basic

7. How do you rate unemployment level in your community? High Moderate Low

8. What impact does this unemployment affect have on your community? Increase crime and violence Increase poverty rate Break in and Entering

9. What do you think can be done to solve the problem? Provision for more jobs more training center other means

10. What can the government do to reduce the unemployment rate? Decrease interest rate Reduce Expenditure Other

Background Study

A large proportion of labour in the Community is for the most part tied to agriculture and, because of the seasonal nature of some products, there are a few times people are unemployed. The reason for this is of past hurricanes which many people to lose their crops so they were unemployed for a period of time and had to wait for young crops to grow before they are back in business again.

What is Unemployment?
An economic condition marked by the fact that individuals actively seeking jobs remain unhired. Unemployment is expressed as a percentage of the total available work force. The level of unemployment varies with economic conditions and other circumstances. Unemployment is an economic condition where an individual or individuals seeking jobs remain un-hired. The level of unemployment differs with economic conditions and other market forces.

Types of Unemployment
Frictional Unemployment: Frictional unemployment is a temporary condition. This unemployment occurs when an individual is out of his current job and looking for another job. The time period of shifting between two jobs is known as frictional unemployment. The probability of getting a job is high in a developed economy and this lowers the probability of

frictional unemployment. There are employment insurance programs to tide over frictional unemployment Structural Unemployment: Structural unemployment occurs due to the structural changes within an economy. This type of unemployment occurs when there is a mismatch of skilled workers in the labour market. Some of the causes of the structural unemployment are geographical immobility (difficulty in moving to a new work location), occupational immobility (difficulty in learning a new skill) and technological change (introduction of new techniques and technologies that need less labour force). Structural unemployment depends on the growth rate of an economy and also on the structure of an industry.
Classical Unemployment: Classical unemployment is also known as the real wage unemployment or disequilibrium unemployment. This type of unemployment occurs when trade unions and labour organization bargain for higher wages, which leads to fall in the demand for labour. Cyclical Unemployment: Cyclic unemployment when there is a recession. When there is a downturn in an economy, the aggregate demand for goods and services decreases and demand for labour decreases. At the time of recession, unskilled and surplus labours become unemployed. Read about causes of economic recession. Seasonal Unemployment: A type of unemployment that occurs due to the seasonal nature of the job is known as seasonal unemployment. The industries that are affected by seasonal unemployment are hospitality and tourism industries and also the fruit picking and catering industries.

Causes of Unemployment

In the set up of a modern market economy, there are many factors, which contribute to unemployment. Causes of unemployment are varied and it may be due to the following factors:

Rapid changes in technology Recessions Inflation Disability Undulating business cycles Changes in tastes as well as alterations in the climatic conditions. This may in turn lead to decline in demand for certain services as well as products.

Attitude towards employers Willingness to work Perception of employees Employee values Discriminating factors in the place of work (may include discrimination on the basis of age, class, ethnicity, colour and race).

Ability to look for employment

Aims and Objectives

Figure A

Figure 1. Shows the gender of the persons who took part in the survey.

Analysis
The diagram above shows that 65% of persons who took part in the survey were males and a smaller percentage 35% of persons were females.

Interpretation
It can be concluded that a larger majority of persons who took part in the survey were males.

Figure B

Figure B shows the age groups of persons who took part in the survey.

Interpretation
Figure B shows that 40% of persons are between the ages of 18-23, 20% are the ages 24-31, 15% are 32-36, and another 15% are 37-44 and 10% of persons are 45 and over.

Analysis
It can be concluded that most of the respondents were between the ages 18-23. This shows that a majority of young persons took part in the survey.

Figure 1
Figure 1 shows the amount of people currently unemployed.

Interpretation
The diagram above (figure 1) shows that 75% of the respondents are currently unemployed and 25% of persons are currently employed.

Analysis
It can be concluded that a large percentage of persons living in are currently unemployed.

Figure 2
Figure 2. Shows what the persons think are the main causes of unemployment.

Interpretation
The figure above shows that 35% of persons voted being the current recession, 30% think that it is due to the lack of skill, 25% think it is because of the lack of experience and the final 10% think it is due to laziness.

Analysis
It can be concluded that the 2 main reasons of unemployment is the current recession and the lack of skill according to the findings.

Figure 3
Figure3. shows what some of the challenges faced because of being unemployed.

Interpretation
Figure 3 above shows that 35% of persons are affected by poor standards of living, 30% are living in Poverty, 20% are affected by Poor Health and 15% are abused.

Analysis
It can be concluded that the main effect unemployment have on the persons are poor standards of living and Poverty.

Figure 4
Figure 4 belowshows the strategies used to survive.

Interpretation
In the figure above 45% of the respondents stated that they got remittance from abroad, 35% stated self employed, 20% stated that they live by begging to survive and no one selected Stealing as a means of surviving.

Analysis
A conclusion can be made that in order to survive most respondents get remittances from abroad and others are self employed and a smaller amount survive by begging. There was no responds to stealing.

Figure 5
Figure 5 shows the amount of respondents with dependants.

Interpretation
In the diagram above 85% of the respondents selected that they had dependents while 15% selected no which means they are responsible for no one.

Analysis
It can be concluded that a large number of the respondents have dependents.

Figure 6

Figure 6 shows the impact of unemployment on dependents.

Interpretation
50% of respondents Can provide with the basic necessity, 28% of the respondents selected that their dependents cannot attend school and 22% selected that they have depression.

Analysis
It can be concluded that most of the respondents can provide with the basic necessities.

Figure 7

Figure 7 shows the level of unemployment in the community of Milk River.

Interpretation
Figure7 above, 60% of the respondents selected that the level of unemployment is high, 25% selected that it was medium and 15% stated that the level of unemployment is low.

Analysis
It can be concluded that the level of unemployment is high in the community of Based on the findings.

Figure 8

Figure 8 shows the effects of unemployment in.

Interpretation
The graph shows that 40% of respondents selected Shop lifting, 35% selected Juvenile delinquency and 25% of persons selected Increase in Crime and violence.

Analysis
It can be concluded that robberies have taken place in the community a lot since there is a high percentage of respondents selecting shoplifting.

Figure 9

Figure 9 shows what can be done to solve the problem.

Interpretation
The diagram shows that 55% of respondents stated provisions of more jobs would solve the problem, 35% selected more training centres and 10% selected other means.

Analysis
It can be concluded from the findings that provision for more jobs would solve the problem.

Figure 10

Figure 10 shows what the government can do to reduce the unemployment rate.

Interpretation
15% of the respondents selected that the decrease interest rates and 25% selected other means and 60% reduce Expenditure.

Analysis
It can be concluded that the government should decrease interest rates so more persons are able to get jobs.

Methodology

The research was carried out to investigate unemployment affects the community of and what respondents think can be done to solve the problem. The purpose of the study was to improve my research skills and find out more information on the topic unemployment. Questionnaires were given to random persons of both sexes and of all age groups the questionnaires were fitted with an easy to answer system which participants decide there answer and tick the appropriate box located beside the answer. The results of the questionnaires were then tallied and combined to complete the research.

Table of Contents

Introduction Acknowledgement Aims and Objectives

i ii 1

Background Study
What is unemployment? Types of Unemployment Causes of Unemployment Methodology Questionnaires 2 2 2 3 4, 5
6 7

Presentations
Figure A - Interpretation and Analysis Figure B - Interpretation and Analysis

Figure 1 Interpretation and Analysis Figure 2 - Interpretations and Analysis Figure 3 - Interpretation and Analysis Figure 4 - Interpretation and Analysis Figure 5 - Interpretation and Analysis Figure 6 - Interpretation and Analysis Figure 7- Interpretation and Analysis Figure 8 - Interpretation and Analysis Figure 9 - Interpretation and Analysis Figure 10 - Interpretation and Analysis Bibliography 14

8 9 10 11 12 13

15 16 17

Introduction

Acknowledgement
This researcher would like to send out their gratitude to the most high for lending her a precious life which allowed her to be able to have this work completed. Sincere gratitude to .............. for assisting with finance and my friends who did an excellent job as we all worked together in completing of this project. Thanks to Miss ...for his assistance and Mr. Goode who helped with typing and evaluation. Thanks also to all residents of .....who

assisted also in the completion of this project and all motivators and criticizers; you gave the researcher a significant helping hand.