ALSO D: UDE INCL Learners tice A prac ce Test Licen

GAVIN HOOLE CLIVE GIBSON

Acknowledgements Cover design: Sally Ellis (Image: Thinkstock.com) Illustrations: Damian de Villers Page design and layout: Sally Ellis Publisher: Heather Hannaway

The publishers apologise for any errors or omissions, and would be grateful for information allowing them to be corrected.

It is illegal to photocopy any pages from this book without the written permission of the copyright holder

Shuter & Shooter Publishers (Pty) Ltd 110 CB Downes Road, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, 3201 South Africa PO Box 61, Mkondeni 3212 South Africa www.shuters.com Copyright in print Shuter & Shooter Publishers (Pty) Ltd 2010 Copyright in text and artwork Clive Gibson and Gavin Hoole 2010 First edition 2012

ISBN 978-0-7960-4367-2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Any person who commits any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Printed by Intrepid Printers (Pty) Ltd, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal xxxx

Contents
Introduction Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 .............................................................. iv Vehicle controls ...................................... 1 The rules of the road .............................. 4 Defensive driving .................................. 19 Introduction to road signs ..................... 22 Regulatory signs................................... 25 Road surface markings ........................ 35 Trafc signals ....................................... 42 Warning signs....................................... 45 Guidance signs..................................... 54 The Learners Licence Test .................. 65 The Learners Licence Mock Test ........ 66 General motoring principles ................. 86

CHAPTER 2

RULES OF THE ROAD

General
The rules of the road regulate trafc ow, ensure safety, and protect the rights of all road users. It is compulsory to obey the rules of the road. If everybody applied the rules of the road, this would greatly reduce accidents, injury and death on the roads.

Some basic rules

All vehicles must display a licence disc (clearance certicate), which is valid for twelve months. The basic rule of the road in South Africa is to drive on the left side of a two-way road. The instructions of a trafc ofcer take precedence over any rules of the road or road sign. You are not allowed to conduct a race or sports meeting on a public road without the consent of either the MEC of the province or the relevant local authority. You are not allowed to hinder or interrupt the free ow of trafc on a public road. You are not allowed to drag or spin the wheels of a vehicle on the surface of the road, except in emergencies. You are not allowed to use chocks or shoes between the wheels and the surface of the road. You may not do anything that will damage the surface of the road. You are not allowed to drive in a manner that disregards the safety of other road users or property, nor may you drive without consideration for the rights of other road users. You must maintain a safe following distance behind the vehicle ahead of you. The distance must be increased under certain driving conditions. You are not allowed to use a vehicle that is too noisy, or that has accessories that make too much noise. All motor vehicles, including all motor cars rst registered on or after 1 July 2006, must carry at least one red warning triangle at all times. If the vehicle is broken down or stationary on a public road, the triangle must be displayed on the road at a distance of at least 45 metres behind the vehicle, to warn trafc approaching from behind.

Thinking about speed

Maximum speed limits apply when conditions are ideal, and the light is good. Speed increases the risk of a collision (crash). And if there is a collision, higher speed makes death more likely. Consider the effect of driving into a stone wall at about 60 km/h. The damage done to your vehicle would be the same as if you had driven off a four-storey building. You can imagine the effect this would have on your human body. Besides simply complying with speed limit regulations, you must also use your common sense when driving. Speed should be adjusted according to the situation and the conditions (road surface or width, pedestrians, weather, load, etc.).

RULES OF THE ROAD

Traffic lanes
You must stay in your lane unless you need to move into another lane to turn or exit a freeway, and it is safe to do so. Before changing lanes, check in the mirrors and blind spot and signal early enough to warn other road users that you are about to change lanes. Do not drive with the left set of wheels in one lane and the right set in another lane (called straddling the lane lines). Before steering into the next lane you must always make one nal check in the blind spot on the side to which you will be moving to ensure that it is still safe to change lanes.

Large vehicles
Because of the length of large vehicles, visibility behind them is restricted. If you cant see the side mirrors on the heavy vehicle in front of you, the driver cant see you and consequently cant make allowances for you. Here are some useful tips for when you encounter a large vehicle on the road. Dont follow large vehicles too closely or for too long. You may become too relaxed and lose your concentration. When overtaking a large or long vehicle, make allowances for the extra time that it takes to overtake, and make sure that you wont have to reduce speed suddenly once you have completed the manoeuvre. At 80 km/h it takes a large vehicle 100 m to come to a stop. Dont be in its way. If your vehicle has enough power, it is usually easier to overtake large vehicles on an incline as their speed drops when travelling uphill. After overtaking a large vehicle make sure that you can see the vehicle in your rear-view mirror before you return to your lane or the left side of the road. When passing an approaching large vehicle, keep as far to the left as possible to reduce the risk of being side-swiped and to avoid the blast from the resultant wind turbulence. Large vehicles need more space than normal when turning left or right. They need to turn much wider than a light motor vehicle, and the trailers usually cut the corner. So, make space for a large vehicle that is turning to ensure that your own vehicle is not side-swiped as the large vehicle makes the turn.

One-way roads
On a one-way road you may drive on the right-hand side of the road, but only if it is safe to do so. When intending to turn right from a one-way road, move to the right-hand side of the road to allow other trafc to pass on your left.

About Traffic Circles

Traffic circles represent an area of great confusion in South Africa and the situation needs to be clearly understood in order to avoid crashes or traffic fines at these kinds of intersections. Basically, a traffic circle consists of some kind of island in the middle of an intersection where several roads meet. There are two basic types of traffic circles. There are those with a fairly large island in the middle, usually with a kerbing around the circumference and a Keep Left sign on the island. These are also called Roundabouts. Then there is the small painted hump with no kerbing, just painted markings, which is called a Mini-circle. There is a Yield line at each entrance to the circle. The rules for each type are different, and you need to know these rules.

Command sign indicating a Roundabout type of trafc circle Before the Roundabout sign was introduced in South Africa, these trafc circles were indicated by the Yield at Trafc Circle sign, which looks similar to the Yield at Mini-circle sign. So, dont be surprised if you approach a Roundabout circle and it doesnt have the Roundabout sign displayed, but still has the Yield at Trafc Circle sign instead.

Yield at Mini-circle sign, at a Mini-circle type of trafc circle Some roundabouts still have the Yield at Trafc Circle sign displayed, which is similar to the sign above.

RULES OF THE ROAD

11

Traffic circles
Roundabout rules The Command sign indicates that you must drive in a clockwise direction round the island. You must yield right of way to all trafc already in the circle approaching from the right, unless there is a road sign or a trafc ofcer instructing otherwise. Move into the correct lane before leaving the circle. Before the road at which you intend exiting, indicate left to show your intention to leave the circle at the next exit.
Roundabout Command sign

Mini-circle rules At a mini-circle, you must give way to any vehicle that will cross, or that has already crossed, a Yield-line before you reached your Yield line. Drive clockwise around the centre painted island hump and do not drive over the painted marking.
Yield at Mini-circle sign Mini-circle painted markings

Turning at an intersection
An intersection is the place at which two or more roads intersect or cross one another. Turn only when you can do so without obstructing or endangering other trafc. Before you reach the intersection, move into the correct lane in accordance with any white markings that indicate mandatory direction arrows ahead, and obey any yellow mandatory direction arrows markings. When intending to turn left, you must indicate your intention in good time and keep as close as possible to the left side of the road before turning. After completing a turn, adjust your speed to merge safely into the trafc ow. When intending to turn right, you must indicate your intention in good time and keep as close as possible to the right-hand section of your side of the road. Yield right of way to any trafc approaching from ahead and start the turn only once it is clear and safe to do so. When waiting to turn right, keep front wheels of the vehicle straight until it is safe to start turning. Before turning right into a two-way road, cross the centre line of the road you are turning into so that you turn into the left-hand side of that road (not applicable when turning into a one-way road). You must pass to the left of any trafc island or trafc ofcer controlling the intersection; and do not cut the corner by turning too soon.

Glance at your speedometer frequently; know at all times the exact speed you are travelling.

Stopping
Compulsory stops You must stop: if directed to do so by a trafc ofcer, road sign or trafc signal; at the request of a person herding farm animals; for pedestrians on, or about to enter, a pedestrian crossing on your side of the road; if you are involved in an accident.

12

RULES OF THE ROAD

with the outer edge of the kerbside wheel more than 450 mm into the roadway, unless permitted by a road sign; on, or within 1 metre of, the edge of a non-urban roadway, unless in a demarcated parking bay; on an urban road that is less than 5.5 metres wide, unless it is a one-way road; on a trafc island, or in a pedestrian mall or lane; A vehicle that is illegally parked can be impounded and the owner is liable for the costs of removal and impounding. Emergency vehicles, rescue vehicles, construction vehicles and trafc ofcers are not subject to these rules if they are being used in the course of duty.

Freeways
Whats not allowed on freeways The following vehicles are not allowed on freeways: animal-drawn vehicles; bicycles; motorcycles with an engine capacity of 50 cm3 or less; electrically powered motorcycles; vehicles with a mass of 230 kg or less, designed and constructed specically for use by people with disabilities; motor tri-cycles or quad-bikes; tractors, unless in use for road maintenance. Pedestrians are not allowed on freeways unless they are in an area specically demarcated for stopping or parking; or for a cause beyond their control. Animals are not allowed on a freeway, except inside a vehicle or within an area specically demarcated for stopping or parking. You may not stop on a freeway except: when instructed to do so by a trafc ofcer or a road sign; or if you are within an area specically demarcated for stopping or parking; or for a cause beyond your control. Hand signals may not be given on a freeway, except in an emergency. These restrictions do not apply to maintenance workers, emergency crews, construction workers and ofcials in the course of duty.

Learner drivers on freeways A learner driver is allowed to drive on a freeway provided s/he are accompanied by a driver who is licenced to drive that class of vehicle and is seated in the front passenger seat. Allowing vehicles to overtake you on a freeway If the motorist behind you indicates his desire to overtake by ashing the headlights, you must signal your intention and move over to the left to enable them to pass, provided it is safe to do so.

General duties of drivers and passengers

The driver must be seated in a position that allows for full control of the vehicle at all times and a clear view of the road ahead.

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RULES OF THE ROAD

CHAPTER 4

INTRODUCTION TO ROAD SIGNS

The purpose of road signs
There are several groupings of road signs, surface markings and signals, with the overall purpose of enhancing the safety of all road users. They do this by: regulating the orderly ow of trafc; giving early warning to the driver of hazardous conditions on the road ahead; providing guidance to the driver in respect of routes and destinations; providing useful information to road users.

How road signs are displayed

Signs may be mounted on poles or overhead structures.

Signs and other markings may be painted on the road surface.

Signs may be displayed on electronic light boards.

Signals may be given by trafc lights or trafc ofcers.

Temporary signs
Many regulatory and warning signs have both a permanent version and a temporary version. The temporary version is used when the situation is of a temporary nature, such as where road works are in progress or during dangerous road conditions caused by ooding, and such like. Temporary signs: have a yellow background colour to draw attention to the temporary situation; may have red or black borders; take precedence over a permanent sign.

Permanent Signs

Temporary Signs

Always us safety belts. It is illegal not to buckle up.

22

INTRODUCTION TO ROAD SIGNS

Sign groupings
Signs, signals and surface markings have different shapes and come in different groups. Each group conveys a different type of message or instruction. The next table shows examples of sign groups and the purpose of each group:
Group Regulatory signs Examples Purpose Regulate the movement of trafc

Warning signs

Warn of hazards ahead, on or near the road Mark the position of hazards on the road or roadside Control trafc ow

Hazard markers

Trafc signals

Information signs

Provide useful information Give guidance regarding distance and direction Provide useful information to tourists Indicate changes to the lanes on the road ahead Have the same meaning as normal sign equivalents

Guidance signs

Tourism signs

Diagrammatic signs

Surface markings

All road signs, signals and road surface painted markings are important. However, some groups play a greater role in maintaining safety on the roads. The two most important groups of signs/signals/markings are the Regulatory group and the Warning group. You must obey every Regulatory sign. Failure to do so is a criminal offence. You must heed every warning sign. Failure to do so may be considered to be reckless or negligent driving which is a criminal offence. The signs in each group are explained in more detail in the chapters that follow.

INTRODUCTION TO ROAD SIGNS

23

CHAPTER 5

REGULATORY SIGNS
About regulatory signs
Regulatory signs control and regulate the ow and movement of trafc in order to minimize congestion and create a safer situation for all road users. Each regulatory sign conveys a very specic instruction or set of rules that must be obeyed by all road users, including pedestrians. These signs are mostly round or rectangular in shape with the exception of the Stop and Yield signs which are hexagonal and triangular respectively. The round signs include blue Command signs that tell you what a road user must do, and red and white Prohibition signs that tell you what you may not do. Within the Prohibitions signs category there are also Limit signs (see second row of round signs) which prohibit you from exceeding the limit indicated on the sign for example, the maximum speed limit, the maximum vehicle length limit. As with other signs, regulatory signs that govern a temporary situation have a yellow background (with a few exceptions, such as the Stop sign). To disobey a regulatory sign is an offence and is punishable by law. Not obeying a regulatory sign (or regulatory road surface marking) will result in a trafc ne or even a jail sentence if you are convicted. Control signs that regulate the ow of trafc:
MEANING Stop Stop opposite the sign or before the solid white line on the road surface. Stop/Go Stop when the Stop sign is displayed. You may proceed when the sign is swung round to display the Go sign. 3-Way Stop Vehicles must stop normally and move off from their Stop line in the same sequence in which they arrived. RESPONSE Stop completely. Make sure that it is safe to proceed before doing so. Stop completely and wait for the Go sign to be displayed before proceeding cautiously. LOCATION EXAMPLES Dangerous intersections and railway crossings.

Make sure you can see the road situation ahead, and that you can be seen by other road users.

At roadworks where the roadway has been reduced to one lane.

Stop. Proceed in sequence after other vehicles that stopped before you have moved off.

Busy intersections with three intersecting roads, where stopping is essential.

4-Way Stop Vehicles must stop normally and move off from their Stop line in the same sequence in which they arrived.

Stop. Proceed in sequence after other vehicles that stopped before you have moved off.

Busy intersections with four intersecting roads, where stopping is essential.

REGULATORY SIGNS

25

Prohibition signs specify that a limit applies Meaning A safety or security restriction applies beyond the sign. Response By law, you must comply with the limit indicated on the sign. Location On a portion of the road where it is necessary to impose the limit for example, due to road width, road surface strength or busy trafc.

Maximum speed limit permitted

Entry limited to authorized vehicles only

Maximum Maximum axle vehicle mass mass-load limit permitted limit permitted

Maximum vehicle length permitted

Maximum vehicle height permitted, including antennae

Maximum vehicle width limit permitted

Remember, 9 out of 10 collisions are caused by human error.

Prohibition signs that prohibit certain classes of road user from proceeding beyond the sign Meaning The class of road user on the sign is not allowed to proceed beyond the sign. Response If the sign applies to you, do not proceed past the sign. Use an alternative route to continue your journey. Location On a portion of the road where it would be safer to impose the restriction for example due to road width, road surface strength, busy trafc, special requirements of road users.

No pedestrians permitted

No pedal cycles permitted

No pedal cycles and pedestrians

No motorcycles permitted

No motor cars permitted

No taxis permitted

No mini-buses permitted

No midi-buses permitted

No buses permitted

No delivery vehicles permitted

No goods vehicles permitted

No goods vehicles over indicated GVM permitted

No construction vehicles permitted

No vehicles with dangerous goods permitted

No abnormal vehicles permitted

No rickshaws permitted

No tour buses No agricultural permitted vehicles permitted

No animal drawn vehicles permitted

No horses and riders permitted

No towed vehicles permitted

No hawkers permitted within 75 m of the sign

Avoid heavy meals or alcoholic beverages before you drive as they tend to make one sleepy.

REGULATORY SIGNS

29

 Activity
Instructions 1. View the signs in the next two charts. 2. Read the text explanations set out below the charts. 3. Match the number below each sign to the text explanation. 4. Write that number into the box on the right of your chosen explanation. 5. Compare your answers with the answers shown in the table after each quiz.

Reservation sign quiz

3 4

10

11

12

13

14

Choose the correct sign number and write it in the box at the end of the sentence. 1. Reserved for the exclusive use of ambulances. 2. Reserved for the exclusive use of taxis. 3. Lane reserved for the exclusive use of buses and mini-buses. 4. Parking reserved for the exclusive use of buses and mini-buses. 5. Parking reserved for rickshaws only. 6. Lane on the right of the yellow line reserved for the exclusive use of high-occupancy vehicles. 7. Reserved for motor cars only. 8. Start of a lane reserved for the exclusive use of buses and mini-buses. 9. Reserved for motorcycles only. 10. Reserved for vehicles carrying people with disabilities. 11. Bus stop reserved for mini-buses of the owner as indicated in the logo above the icon. 12. Roadway reserved for the exclusive use of mini-buses. 13. Reserved for the exclusive use of highoccupancy vehicles. 14. Lane on the right reserved for the exclusive use of buses and mini-buses.

Correct answers for the Reservation sign quiz

Explanation Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Correct Matching Sign Number 6 10 8 13 11 3 14 Explanation Number 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Correct Matching Sign Number 5 12 7 4 2 9 1

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REGULATORY SIGNS

CHAPTER 6

ROAD SURFACE MARKINGS

Road surface markings are trafc signs that have been painted onto the road surface to guide and direct the movement of trafc. They can be classied as Regulatory, Warning, and Information markings. They have the same meaning as the equivalent road signs mounted on poles or above the road, and road users should react to them accordingly in terms of the rules of the road. Road surface markings are generally painted white. There are, however, several that are yellow or red, and these are particularly important because they usually indicate that the marking is of a regulatory nature and must be obeyed. As a general rule, you are not allowed to stop on red lines, you are not allowed to park on yellow lines, and you are not allowed to cross solid white lines, except those that cross the width of the road.

Regulatory markings
Regulatory markings are used to control the actions of drivers and regulate the ow of trafc. As with regulatory signs, it is an offence to disobey any regulatory road marking. If you do so, you can be ned. In the diagrams that follow, the direction of vehicle trafc ow is depicted by the small black arrowheads.

Stop line Stop completely, before the solid Stop line. Move off only when safe to do so.

Yield line Slow down and give way to cross-trafc, and also to pedestrians crossing or waiting to cross your path. If necessary, stop before the broken white Yield line. Applies also at a railway crossing.

Pedestrian crossing Give way to any pedestrians on or about to enter the crossing on your side of the road.

Block pedestrian crossing Give way to any pedestrians on or about to enter the crossing on your side of the road.

ROAD SURFACE MARKINGS

35

CHAPTER 7

TRAFFIC SIGNALS
Traffic signals
Trafc signals control the ow of trafc. Some of them are to warn motorists to proceed with caution. There are different forms of trafc signals: 1. trafc lights (robots) to regulate the ow of trafc at intersections or pedestrian crossings; 2. ashing red lights to indicate that motorists must stop (for example, at a railway crossing); 3. overhead lane direction control lights to control the trafc ow in trafc lanes; 4. hand signals given by trafc ofcers, and 5. ag signals given by road construction workers. Trafc signals must be obeyed, and the signals of trafc ofcers overrule any road signs or other signals that may be present.

Steady red disc Stop before the white Stop line and wait for the green light before proceeding with caution.

Flashing red disc Stop as for a 4-Way Stop and give way to pedestrians.

Steady amber disc Prepare to stop before the white Stop line and wait for the green light before proceeding with caution.

Flashing amber disc Proceed with caution, and give way to any pedestrians crossing your path.

Steady green disc Proceed in any direction, subject to any road signs, and give way to trafc and pedestrians still crossing.

Steady bus/ tram The steady disc rules apply only to the class of vehicle shown by the symbol on the disc.

Steady red man Pedestrians must wait on the sidewalk and may cross only when the green man light is displayed.

Saying I didnt know is no excuse. Know and obey the rules and road signs.

Flashing red man The steady red man is about to be displayed. Pedestrians must wait for the next steady green man signal before starting to cross. Those still in the crossing should cross quickly.

Steady green man Pedestrians may cross the road within the markings. Drivers must give way to pedestrians crossing within the markings.

Flashing red arrow Stop before the white line. You may proceed left even though there is a steady red disc signal, but give way to all vehicles and pedestrians for whom a green light signal is displayed.

42

TRAFFIC SIGNALS

Hairpin bend to the left ahead

Winding road starting to the right ahead

Winding road starting to the left ahead

Double sharp bends starting to right ahead

Double sharp bends starting to left ahead

Two-way trafc on this road ahead

Two-way crosstrafc ahead

Lane on the right ends ahead

Lane on the left ends ahead

Concealed driveway (on right) ahead

Concealed driveway (on left) ahead

Concealed driveways on both sides ahead

Mini-circle or roundabout ahead

If possible, avoid driving during the late afternoon hours or early dusk.

Dangerous conditions ahead that relate to the nature of the road Slow down if necessary and take appropriate cautionary measures such as: switching on lights, increasing following distance in mist or on gravel roads, testing the brakes after driving through water, taking an alternative route, etc., according the nature of the hazard as depicted on the sign.

Gate, boom or barrier ahead

Motor gate ahead, With cattle grid on the right

Motor gate ahead, With cattle grid on the left

Motor gate ahead in the road centre

Railway level crossing ahead

Tunnel ahead; turn on lights

Vehicle height restriction ahead

Vehicle length restriction ahead

Steep downhill ahead

There is a steep uphill ahead

46

WARNING SIGNS

 Activity
1. Explain the difference in meaning between these two types of warning signs those with an arrowhead and those with plain black lines.

A 2. Why would you never nd this sign with a white background?

3. Would you be required to stop at such a sign as this? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Is there a difference in meaning between these signs A and B? Explain your answer.

5. Where would each of these two signs be located? (Be careful with your answer.)

6. Would you respond differently to each of these two signs? Give your reasons.

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WARNING SIGNS

CHAPTER 10

THE LEARNERS LICENCE TEST

To write the learners licence test
You must make an appointment with your local testing authority in person because you have to pre-pay the prescribed fee for the test. You must meet the minimum age and some health requirements, pass an eye test and have acceptable identication documentation.

About the test

The test is a theory test and includes: o the rules of the road o road traffic signs and signals o the controls of a vehicle It is a multiple-choice test which may be completed on a computer or in written format, depending on the testing station at which you take the test. When booking your test you should enquire about which version of the test you will be required to complete. If you will be doing the written test you will receive: o a book of questions o a test answer sheet o a chart of road signs and o a book containing illustrations of the vehicle controls and various road layouts. The use of these will be explained to you before you write the test. Listen carefully to the explanation. There are some questions that apply only to a certain class of vehicle. Make sure that you know which questions you must answer. Each question has three possible answers. Read the question and consider each option carefully before selecting your final response. Be careful! In some cases more than one option is correct and in other cases one option is more correct than the others. If youre doing the computerised version of the test, the process will be explained to you before you commence the actual test. You may not ask the examiner to clarify questions for you.

Requirements for holding a Learners Licence

You must have reached the required age: o for a motorcycle 125 cc or less: 16 years old o for a light motor vehicle: 17 years old o for any other vehicle: 18 years or older You must pass an eye test. You will be disqualified from obtaining a learners licence if any of the following circumstances applies: o If you have been ruled incompetent by a court and this disqualification is still in force (the onus is on the holder of the licence to report to the nearest authority within 21 days of becoming aware of this disqualification); o If you already hold a licence for the same class of vehicle or your licence was suspended temporarily and the suspension has not yet expired; o If you suffer from uncontrolled epilepsy; giddiness or fainting; any metal illness which leads to you being treated as a patient in terms of the Mental Health Act 1973; any condition of muscular inco-ordination; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus; any disease or physical impairment that is likely to make driving a vehicle a danger to public safety; addiction to narcotic drugs or intoxicating alcohol.

Once you have passed the test

You will be issued with a Learners Licence that will be valid for 24 months from the date of issue. You will need two black and white or colour passport-size photographs of yourself, and the prescribed issuing fee for the licence. Ask the testing authority what you will need when booking your test appointment. The Learners Licence will authorise you to learn to drive on public roads with the class of vehicle for which the licence has been issued, and only provided that you are accompanied by a sober driver who holds a valid driving licence for the same class of vehicle. (This latter restriction does not apply to motorcycles.) Licenced learner drivers may not transport fare-paying passengers, but there may be passengers in the vehicle in which they are being taught to drive. A licenced learner driver is allowed to drive on a freeway.

You must always have your learners licence with you when you are learning to drive.

THE LEARNERS LICENCE TEST

65

CHAPTER 11

THE LEARNERS LICENCE MOCK TEST

The following Mock Test of 160 questions will give you excellent practice before you write the ofcial test at the testing centre. It will also reduce anxiety on the day of your test because you will already be familiar with the way the multiple-choice questions are asked. Go through every question and read it carefully to make sure you understand what is being asked. Decide which is the most correct answer for that question, and circle that answer in the right-hand column A or B or C or D. Use a pencil in case you later want to erase you rst lot of answers an re-do the test. Check your answers against the correct answers listed on page 94. If you get any answers wrong, go back and study the relevant teaching pages again. Then do the Mock Test again until you are able to score 100%. All the best! 1. Under which conditions may you i) If you already have a licence for not obtain a learners licence? the same class of vehicle. ii) If you are declared unt to obtain a driving licence for a certain period and that period is still applicable. iii) If your licence was temporarily suspended and that period has not yet expired. 2. What is the meaning of this sign? A. There may be pedestrians ahead. B. There is a marked pedestrian crossing ahead. C. There may be children on the road ahead. 3. When may you drive on the right-hand side of a road with trafc moving in both directions? A. If the emergency lights of the vehicle are switched on. B. If a trafc ofcer orders you to do so. C. Under no circumstances. 4. What is the meaning of this sign? A. There is a sharp bend to the right. B. There is a one-way road to the right. C. You must turn right at the next road or entrance. 5. Where are you not permitted to stop? A. In any No-parking area. B. Within 5 metres from a bridge. C. Opposite a vehicle parked in a roadway 10 metres wide. 6. What is the meaning of this sign? A. The road narrows from both sides. B. The freeway ends ahead. C. There is a narrow bridge in the road ahead. A. (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct. B. (ii) and (iii) are correct. C. Only (i) is correct

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LEARNERS LICENCE MOCK TEST

CHAPTER 12

GENERAL MOTORING PRINCIPLES

You have completed the material you need to know for the ofcial test. The following important information will help you pass your test rst time, and be a better driver once you have your licence.

Before driving
Use a map to plan your route for a smooth journey, and provide enough time for the journey; resist the impulse to travel too fast. For a long journey, add extra time into your plans to allow for a 15-minute break every two hours. Make sure you have enough fuel for the journey. Wear appropriate clothing that does not interfere with your control of the vehicle. If you will be driving a vehicle different from the one you are familiar with, before setting out ensure that you are familiar with its controls and how they work. Before you move off, adjust the mirrors and the seat position to ensure full control, comfort and maximum vision. Adjust the head restraint to protect your neck from injury in the event of a collision.

Seat belts
Make sure that all passengers are strapped in before moving off. Remember, if they are not, you are the one who will be held responsible.

Children
Do not allow children to sit behind the rear seat of an estate car or hatchback unless in a specially fitted child seat. Do not allow a child to stand next to you on the front passenger seat. Activate child safety door locks, if fitted, when carrying children. Keep children under control, and dont allow boisterous behaviour in the vehicle. Never fit a rear-facing baby seat on a seat protected by an airbag.

Driver fitness and alertness

You must be fit to drive. If you feel tired, dont drive for longer than one hour at a time. If you feel sleepy: o stop in a safe place not on the hard shoulder of the road - to rest; o if possible snooze for 15 minutes; or o have a cup of strong coffee. If possible, dont make long journeys between 24:00 and 06:00. This is when most serious collisions occur. Even if you feel alert, still take a 15-minute break after every two hours of driving.

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GENERAL MOTORING PRINCIPLES

ALL THE RULES OF THE ROAD EXPLAINED The rules that must be obeyed when using public roads Covers light and heavy motor vehicles and also motorcycles

REGULATORY SIGNS & ROAD MARKINGS Signs that regulate the safe flow of trac What each sign means; in what situation you would see the sign; how you must respond as a driver WARNING SIGNS & ROAD MARKINGS Signs that warn of hazards on the road What each sign means; in what situation you would encounter the sign; what safety precautions the driver should take GUIDANCE SIGNS & ROAD MARKINGS Signs that indicate the road layout ahead What each sign means and how it can help to guide the driver to plan which lane to use

GUIDANCE AND TOURISM SIGNS Signs that guide motorists on their journey What the dierent kinds of guidance signs indicate, and how to interpret their messages; includes direction and tourism signs INFORMATION SIGNS & ROAD MARKINGS Signs that provide useful information What each sign means and what it implies for the driver

DRIVING TIPS Additional information to reinforce your understanding Includes revision of some of the important rules of the road

ALSO INCLUDED: A practice Learners Licence Test

ISBN 978-0-7960-4367-2

780796 043672