SPECIALIZED A.A.

AMINO ACID SYNTHESIS

CREATINE & CREATINIE Glycine,Arginine,Methionine

CATABOLIC FATE

Creatinine excreted through kidney

METABOLIC DERIVATIVES

DISEASES

SPECIALIZED A.A.

GLUTATHIONE Glycine,Cysteine,Glutamate

A.a. transport,Antioxidant,Cofactor,Detoxification

GLYCINE Non-Essential

Glucogenic

Collagen,Immunoglobulins,Serine,Purine,Glutathione,Creatine,Heme,Bile salts,Detoxifier,Methyl donor

1ry hyperoxaluria,Hyperglycinemia,Glycinuria

OH-CONTAINING SERINE

ALANINE N.E.

N.E.

Glucogenic

Glucogenic

Glucose-Alanine cycle

Covalent modification,Glycine,Cysteine skeleton,Phospholipid met.

ONTAINING THREONINE

BRANCHED CHAIN VALINE & LEUCINE & ISOLEUCINE

Essential

E.

Glucogenic

Glucogenic,Ketogenic,Mixed

Protein syn.,Protein regulatory function

Maple Sirap Disease

ACIDIC A.A. GLUTAMATE

N.E.

Glucogenic

Glutamine,GABA,Glutamate-semialdehyde,Negative charge,Carboxylation

INDIVIDUAL A.A. ACIDIC A.A. ASPARTATE

N.E.

Glucogenic

Asparagine,Urea Nitrogen,Purine&Pyrimidine,Extra-carbosylic gr.,AspaRGine,B-alanine

INDIVIDUAL A.A.

ARGININE Semi-Essential

Glucogenic

Nitric Oxide,Creatine,Spermine&Spermidine,Positive charge

SULFUR-CONTAING CYSTEINE & CYSTINE

N.E.

Glucogenic

Cystine,Glutathione,Thioethanolamine,Taurine,PAPS,F.A. synthase complex.

SULFUR-CONTAING METHIONINE

LYSINE E.

E.

Glucogenic

Ketogenic

Methyl donor,Polyamine,spermine,spermidine

Histones

Hyperhomocysteinemia,Homocystinuria,Cystathioniuria,Cysthinuria,Cystinosis

AROMATIC PHENYLALANINE & TYROSINE

Essential, Non Essential

Mixed

Catecholamine,Melanine,Thyroid Hormone

Phenylketonuria(PKU),Tyrosinemia 1 & 2,Alkaptonuria,Albinism

HETEROCYCLIC TRYPTOPHAN

E.

Mixed

Nicotinic acid,Formyl-THF,Serotonin,Melatonin,Indole & Skatol

Hartnup Disease,Vit B6 deficiency

HETEROCYCLIC HISTIDINE PROLINE

Semi. Essential

N.E.

Glucogenic

Glucogenic

Histamine,Carnosine,Ergothionine,Globin

Protein synt., Hydroxyproline

Histidinemia,Urocanic Aciduria