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<body lang=EN-US style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=Section1> <h1><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Siklus 2-Tak Mesin Diesel<o:p></o:p></span></h1> <p>Motor diesel dikategorikan dalam motor bakar torak dan mesin pembakaran dalam (<em>internal combustion engine</em>). Penggunaan motor diesel bertujuan untuk mendapatkan tenaga mekanik dari energi panas yang ditimbulkan oleh energi kimiawi bahan bakar, energi kimiawi tersebut diperoleh dari proses pembakaran antara bahan bakar dan udara di dalam ruang bakar.</p>

<p><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1029" type="#_x0000_ t75" alt="double_piston.png" style='position:absolute;margin-left:227pt; margin-top:0;width:267pt;height:146.25pt;z-index:1;visibility:visible; mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:3.75pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:3.75p t; mso-wrap-distance-right:3.75pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:3.75pt; mso-position-horizontal:right;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text; mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:line' o:allowoverlap="f"> <v:imagedata src="http://gudangilmu.org/gudangilmu_v2/wp-content/uploads/2007/1 1/double_piston.png"/> <w:wrap type="square" anchory="line"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=356 height=195 src="http://gudangilmu.org/gudangilmu_v2/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/double_pisto n.png" align=right hspace=5 vspace=5 alt="double_piston.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_2" ><![endif]>Pada motor diesel ruang bakarnya bisa terdiri dari satu atau lebih tergantung pada tujuan perancangan, dan dalam satu silinder dapat terdiri dari satu atau dua torak.</p> <p>Tekanan gas hasil pembakaran akan mendorong torak yang dihubungkan dengan poros engkol menggunakan batang torak, sehingga torak dapat bergerak bolak-balik (<em>reciprocating</em>). Gerak bolak-balik torak akan diubah menjadi gerak rotasi oleh poros engkol. Dan sebaliknya gerak rotasi poros engkol juga diubah menjadi gerak bolak-balik torak pada langkah kompresi.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Berdasarkan cara menganalisa sistim kerjanya, motor diesel dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu motor diesel yang menggunakan sistim <em>airless injection</em> (<em> solid injection</em>) yang dianalisa dengan siklus dual dan motor diesel yang menggunakan sistim air injection yang dianalisa dengan siklus diesel sedangkan motor bensin dianalisa dengan siklus otto.</p> <p><strong>Diagram P-V siklus diesel dua langkah</strong><br> <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_s1028" type="#_x 0000_t75"

alt="pv_diesel_2stroke.png" style='position:absolute;margin-left:188.75pt; margin-top:0;width:228.75pt;height:188.25pt;z-index:2;visibility:visible; mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:0;mso-wrap-distance-top:3.75pt; mso-wrap-distance-right:0;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:3.75pt; mso-position-horizontal:right;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text; mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:line' o:allowoverlap="f"> <v:imagedata src="http://gudangilmu.org/gudangilmu_v2/wp-content/uploads/2007/1 1/pv_diesel_2stroke.png"/> <w:wrap type="square" anchory="line"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=305 height=251 src="http://gudangilmu.org/gudangilmu_v2/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/pv_diesel_2s troke.png" align=right vspace=5 alt="pv_diesel_2stroke.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_3"><![e ndif]>Perbedaan antara motor diesel dan motor bensin yang nyata adalah terletak pada proses pembakaran bahan bakar, pada motor bensin pembakaran bahan bakar terjadi karena adanya loncatan api listrik yang ditimbulkan oleh dua elektroda busi, sedangkan pada motor diesel pembakaran terjadi karena kenaikan temperatur campuran udara dan bahan bakar hingga mencapai temperatur nyala akibat kompresi torak. Karena prinsip penyalaan bahan bakarnya akibat tekanan maka motor diesel juga disebut < em>compression ignition engine</em> sedangkan motor bensin disebut <em>spark ignition engine</e m>.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

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