MANOVA DVs must be continuous. IVs are categorical.

Covariates may be included and must be continuous MANCOVA

DV Dependent Variable When there is more than one dependent (metric) variable, it is inappropriate to do a series of univariate tests. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is an extension of analysis of variance (ANOVA). An extension of univariate ANOVA procedures to situations in which there are two or more related dependent variables, DV (ANOVA analyses only a single DV at a time)

The MANOVA procedure identifies whether: Different levels of the independent variables, IVs, have a significant effect on a linear combination of each of the DVs There are interactions between the IVs and a linear combination of the DVs. There are significant univariate effects for each of the DVs separately.

MANOVA is appropriate when: MANOVA is appropriate when we have several DVs which all measure different aspects of some cohesive theme, e.g., several different types of academic achievement (e.g., consumer behaviour, marketing research, applied consumer behaviour). MANOVA works well in situations where there are moderate correlations between DVs.

When is MANOVA less suited for testing? For very high or very low correlations in DVs If DVs are too correlated, there isnt enough variance left over after the first DV is fit (think: how can we seek to remedy this..?), and if DVs are uncorrelated, the multivariate test will lack power.