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Sub.

Name :

Applied Hydraulics and Fluid Machines

Max. marks :

50

_______________________________________________________________________ Part A Answer all questions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Write down the expression for critical depth of flow in a channel. What type of flow profile is possible in zone 2 of steep channel? What are initial and sequent depths? Write the expression for momentum thickness. Define the term boundary layer thickness. Part B Answer all questions: 1. What do you mean by Hydraulically best section? 2. Define minimum specific energy and state the formula to calculate it. 3. Define the term standing wave and state its applications. 4. Classify boundary layer with the help of a diagram. 5. Draw the Specific Energy diagram and explain it. Part C Answer all questions: 1.a. Derive the relationship between the sequent depth and initial depth in a hydraulic jump. (7) (8) 1.b.A sluice gate discharges water into a horizontal rectangular channel with a velocity of 10m/s and depth of flow of 1m. Determine the depth of flow after the jump and consequent loss in total head. (10x3=30) (5x3=15) (5x1=5)

(10) 2.a. A power canal of trapezoidal section has to be excavated through hard clay at least cost. Determine the dimensions of the channel, given discharge equal to 14 m3/s bed slope 1:2500 and Mannings N = 0.02. 2.b. Explain Backwater and Drawdown curves in various types of slopes. (5) (11) 3.a. Find the ratio of displacement thickness to boundary layer thickness and momentum

thickness to boundary layer thickness for the velocity distribution in the boundary layer given by u/U = 3/2( y/) ( y/)2 Where, u = velocity in boundary layer at a distance y, U = Free stream velocity and = boundary layer thickness 3.b. Derive the equation to determine displacement thickness. (4)

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