ANTI SURGE CONTROL

SYSTEM BASIC CONCEPTS

ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION

Introduction to compressor control Surge Phenomenon, causes and remedy Basic ASC system Challenging Issues Algorithms Control responses Advance control strategies Quick response of control valve Elimination of dead time and lag time Surge limit line, Distance between SLL and operating point Performance control Non-integrated System Interacting Performance controller and ASC Integrated system Selection criteria for FMD and AS Valve

PERFORMANCE CURVE OF COMPRESSOR

SURGE
Surge : Very fast process Order of milliseconds Potential to cause huge damage and losses

HOW SURGE DEVELOP ?

Normal flow from higher pressure (P1) to lower pressure(P2) In Compressor gas flows from low suction pressure to high discharge pressure using external power. If discharge valve is closed discharge pressure (P2)increases. If DP (P2 - P1 ) is more and power is not sufficient, flow will be reverse.

SURGE PHENOMENON

Fig shows... how surge develops using a model of an air compressor pumping into a closed tank. Machine shutdown : no flow, no pressure Machine start: High flow, less pressure (E) Start press. build up, decrease flow( E to D to A) Reversal of flow at A and again at C, causing flow & pressure oscillations

CAUSES FOR SURGE Discharge valve is closed Suction flow decreases Power increases Change in gas composition

SURGE CONTROL METHODS

Vent discharge pressure Wastage of power Loss of material Hazards Recycle from discharge to suction Wastage of power

ANTI-SURGE CONTROLLER
KEY WORDS SURGE CONTROL LINE ( SCL ) RECYCLE TRIP LINE ( RTL ) SURGE LIMIT LINE ( SLL) SAFETY ON LINE ( SOL)

BASIC ANTI-SURGE CONTROL SYSTEM

Anti surge controller protect the compressor against surge by opening the recycle valve opening the recycle valve lowers the resistance felt by compressor This takes compressor away from surge