Ngy son : 14/4/2013

K duyt :

Tit 6+ 7 :AMINO AXIT - PROTEIN A/ AMINO AXIT I. NH NGHA CU TO DANH PHP 1. nh ngha : Amino axit l hp cht hu c tp chc m phn t cha ng thi nhm -COOH v nhm -NH2 2. Cu to v danh php: Amino axit tn ti dng ion lng cc, dng ny cn bng vi dng phn t qua cn bng sau: H2N-R-COOH H3N+-R-COOTn gi mt s amino axit c cho trong bng sau Cng thc Tn thay th (*) Vit tt Tn bn h thng(**) Tn thng(***) H2NCH2COOH Axit aminoetanoic th (*) Gly Axit aminoaxetic (**) Glixin hay glycocol(***) CH3 CH COOH Axit 2-aminopropanoic th (*) Ala Axit -aminopropionic(**) NH2 Alanin(***) CH3 CH CH COOH Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic Val Axit -aminoisovaleric(**) CH3 NH2 Valin (***) HO C [CH2]2 CH COOH Axit 2-aminopentan-1,5-ioic Glu NH2 O Axit -aminoglutaric(**) Axit glutamic(***) II. TNH CHT HA HC 1. Tnh cht lng tnh Amino axit tc dng c vi axit mnh v baz mnh H2N-CH2-COOH + HCl -Cl+H3N-CH2-COOH H2N-CH2-COOH + NaOH H2N-CH2-COONa + H2O 2. Phn ng este ha HCl(k) H2N-CH2-COOH+C2H5OH H2N-CH2-COOC2H5 + H2O H+ H2NCH2COOH + C2H5OH H2NCH2COOC2H5 + H2O 3. Phn ng ca nhm NH2 vi HNO2 H2NCH2COOH + HNO2 HOCH2COOH + N2 + H2O

4. Phn ng trng ngng

Cc axit 6-aminohexanoic v 7-aminoheptanoic c phn ng trng ngng to polime thuc loi poliamit. to nH2N-[CH2]5-COOH (- HN-[CH2]5-CO-)n+nH2O B/ PROTIT 1. Khi nim v peptit v protein a) Peptit Lin kt CO-NH- gia 2 n v -amino axit gi l lin kt peptit Tn ca peptit c gi bng cch ghp tn cc gc axyl bt u t amino axit u cn tn amino axit ui c gi nguyn vn V d:
CH2C6H5 H2N CH C NH CH2 C O O NH CH COOH CH2OH

Phe-Gly-Ser (tripeptit)

ipeptit glyxylalanin H2N CH2 CO NH CH COOH CH3 Khi thy phn n cng cc peptit th thu c hn hp c t 2 n 50 phn t -amino axit . Vy peptit l nhng hp cht cha t 2 n 50 gc - amino axit lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt peptit b) Protein Protein (protit) l hp cht cao phn t phc tp gm t mt hoc nhiu chui polipeptit hp thnh, c phn t khi t vi chc ngn n vi triu. 2. Tnh cht vt l a) Tnh tan: rt khc nhau, c loi khng tan nh keratin (tc, mng, sng) c loi tan nh anbumin (lng trng trng). b) S ng t: khi un nng hoc cho dung dch axit, baz, hoc mt s mui vo, protein s ng t tch ra khi dung dch. 3. Tnh cht ha hc a) Phn ng thy phn: di tc dng ca dung dch axit, kim hoc enzim, cc lin kt peptit trong phn t proti b ct ngn dn to thnh cc chui polipeptit v cui cng thnh hn hp cc amino axit b) Phn ng mu: - Protit tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho phc cht mu xanh tm - Protit tc dng vi HNO3 c to thnh hp cht c mu vng Bi tp
Cu 1 : chng minh tnh lng tnh ca NH2-CH2-COOH (X) , ta cho X tc dng vi A. HCl, NaOH. B. Na2CO3, HCl. C. HNO3, CH3COOH. D. NaOH, NH3. Cau 2. Aminoaxit nao sau ay co hai nhom amino. A. Axit Glutamit. B. Lysin. C. Alanin. D. Valin. Cau 3 : Aminoaxit co cong thc cau CH tao sau ay: CH CH COOH. 3 CH3 NH2 Ten goi nao khong phai cua hp chat tren: A. axit 2- amino 3 metyl butanoic. B. Axit -amino isovaleric.

C. Valin. D. Axit amino Glutaric. Cau 3. Co bao nhieu ten goi phu hp vi cong thc cau tao: (1). H2N-CH2-COOH : Axit amino axetic. (2). H2N-[CH2]5-COOH : axit - amino caporic. (3). H2N-[CH2]6-COOH : axit - amino enantoic. (4). HOOC-[CH2]2-CH(NH2)-COOH : Axit - amino Glutaric. (5). H2N-[CH2]4-CH (NH2)-COOH : Axit , - iamino caporic. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D.5 Cau 4. Cho cac nhan nh sau: (1). Alanin lam quy tm hoa xanh. (2). Axit Glutamic lam quy tm hoa o. (3). Lysin lam quy tm hoa xanh. (4). Axit - amino caporic la nguyen lieu e san xuat nilon 6. So nhan nh ung la: A. 1 B. 2 C.3 D.4 Cau 5. Cho cac cau sau ay: (1). Khi cho axit Glutamic tac dung vi NaOH d th tao san pham la bot ngot, m chnh. (2). Phan t cac amino axit ch co mot nhom NH 2 va mot nhom COOH. (3). Dung dch cua cac amino axit eu co kha nang lam quy tm chuyen mau. (4). Cac mino axit eu la chat ran nhiet o thng. (5). Khi cho amino axit tac dung vi hon hp NaNO 2 va CH3COOH kh thoat ra la N2. So nhan nh ung la: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D.4 Cau 6. Mot amino axit co cong thc phan t la C 4H9NO2. So ong phan amino axit la A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D.6 Cau 21 : 1 thuoc th co the nhan biet 3 chat hu c : axit aminoaxetic, axit propionic, etylamin la A. NaOH. B. HCl. C. Qu tm. D. CH3OH/HCl. Cau 7 : Cong thc cau tao cua glyxin la A. H2N CH2 CH2 COOH. B. H2N CH2 COOH. C. CH3 CH COOH. D. CH2 CH CH2. NH2 OH OH OH Cau 8 : Hp chat A co cong thc phan t CH 6N2O3. A tac dung c vi KOH tao ra mot baz va cac chat vo c. CTCT cua A la A. H2N COO NH3OH. B. CH3NH3+NO3-. C. HONHCOONH4. D. H2N-CHOH-NO2. Cau 9 : Cho cac cau sau: (1). Peptit la hp chat c hnh thanh t 2 en 50 goc amino axit. (2). Tat ca cac peptit eu phan ng mau biure. (3). T 3 - amino axit ch co the tao ra 3 tripeptit khac nhau. (4). Khi un nong nung dch peptit vi dung dch kiem, san pham se co phan ng mau biure. So nhan xet ung la: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cau 10 : Peptit co cong thc cau tao nh sau: H2N-CH-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH-COOH CH3 CH(CH3)2. Ten goi ung cua peptit tren la: A. Ala-Ala-Val. B. Ala-Gly-Val. C. Gly Ala Gly. D. Gly-Val-Ala.