COAL

Rich Jeong

HOW DO YOU GET IT?

Coal is found in layers under the ground.

Two types of mining (Surface and deep mining)

If the coal is near the surface, it is dug out of huge pits called open cast mines. If the coal is deep underground, it is mined by digging shafts and tunnels to reach the coal. Huge excavators are used to dig open-cast mines to reach the layers or seams of coal. In a deep coal mine, shafts are sunk to reach the coal seams. Miners travel down in a cage to the coal face. There they use cutting machines to remove the coal, which is taken by conveyor belts along tunnels to an underground railway.

WHERE IS IT OBTAINED?
Coal reserves are available in almost every country worldwide, with recoverable reserves in around 70 countries. The biggest reserves are in China, US, Australia, India, South Africa, Russia, Indonesia, Poland, Germany and Canada It is obtained in coal reserves. The Appalachia Mines are near the Appalachian Mountains http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/images/2011.12.07/Coal_Prod.gif

DANGERS OF COAL MINING

Black Lung- Pneumicosis by inhaling coal dust http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CUb9WvR2Hvs

Mining Disasters:
The Farmington coal mine disasters- Large explosion that trapped 99 miners and killed those w ho were unable to escape Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster- 2010 mining disaster killed 29 miners underground Crandall Canyon Mine- 6 Miners trapped by a collapse, three rescue workers killed by a subseq uent collapse Chile Mining Accident Coal dust explosions (damp)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8p9HxH3Iht8 Mining-Induced Seismicity- Minor earthquakes caused by miners Roof Collapse- When miners would be trapped by a collapse above them