Presenting by Jyothi.

k Goutham

A common tool using graphics and statistics to analyze an event and predict how and how often it will fail. Used in engineering and business to aid process and system development.

The graphic design allows the fault tree to be easily explained and understood by anyone in the situation that is using it. Fault tree analysis also provides a unique way of dealing with problems in a process or system flow. Effective way to diagram problems in a system Helps to organize possible causes of a problem in the system

The gates and events range from specific types of events to and/or gates. Gates are used to progress from one event to another. Top-down approach is when the end is at the top and the tree works its way up from the bottom to get to the end event.

An example of an And gate is that if you are pay your taxes on time and dont cheat on them the I.R.S. will not fine you.

An example of an Or gate would be if you are late on your taxes or you cheat on your taxes the I.R.S. will fine you. Or gates and And gates can be used with each other in the tree.

 Primary

Event Intermediate Event Expanded Event

Made up of basic, undeveloped, and external events A time in the event where the process or system might fail Basic Event Nothing is leading up to the event Can be like a machine breaking unexpectedly A circle is used to represent the event in the fault tree Undeveloped Event Events that dont have a major effect on the system Also events that there is not enough information about Represented by a diamond in the fault tree External Event Expected to happen Not considered a fault A house shape in a fault tree

A combination of multiple different faults Shown by rectangles in the fault tree Sometimes linked by and/or gates

3.Expanded Event Complex event that needs another fault tree to explain The fault tree for the expanded event is not directly shown in current fault tree Shown by a triangle on the fault tree

Four events that led to faulty tires Design problem in tread Faulty process in Decatur, Illinois Problem with Ford Explorer Customers dont take proper care of tires

Preventing the error in the first place After the error in the tire was found, finding all the things that caused it Preventing similar problems from happening again

Maintenance covers all those operations such as monitoring, inspecting, adjusting, repairing and /or doing whatever is necessary to keep a machine, a facility, a piece of equipment or transportation vehicle in the proper working conditions. Maintainability can be defined as the probability with which a component or system is restored to the original or specified condition within a given time period when the maintenance action is taken. The maintenance action procedures and resources will involve specified

Corrective maintenance/breakdown maintenance Preventive maintenance Predictive maintenance

Breakdown maintenance is remedial or corrective maintenance that occurs when equipment fails and must be repaired on an emergency or priority basis. 2)Preventive maintenance Preventive maintenance is the work activity that has been planned and programmed on a regular basis to inspect a system, to uncover potential problems and to make whatever repairs are necessary to ensure that the system does not fail during normal operation

In predictive maintenance, symptoms or vital signs are looked for. Once it is found then the appropriate maintenance is carried out. Periodic functional check up alone is done to check whether the machine is working or not 4)Optimum maintenance decisions Maintenance is a cost. It includes salaries of maintenance crew Inventories kept for the maintenance .Lost time when equipment is down for repairs etc.

Optimum point

cost

Total cost

Preventive maintenance costs

Optimum point Preventive maintenance frequency

1)Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) It is a systematic process of prescribing a systems (machines/equipments) function by applying effective preventive maintenance tasks. 2)Total Preventive Maintenance (TPM) Total preventive maintenance is the process designed to maximize the productivity of the equipments for its entire life. TPM achieves this by focusing on root causes and by involving everyone in the organization

Improve the productivity of the plant Maximize overall equipment effectiveness Train all staff in maintenance skills Reduce the equipment downtime to zero Reduce equipments life cycle cost