Settling

StokesLaw
V
s
=
D
p
2
(
j
p
j
)
g
18j
SettlingVelocity
(General)
V
s
=
.
4 D
p
(
j
p
j
)
g
3C
D
j
FreeSettlingRatio
(Laminar)
D
a
D
b
=
.
(
j
b
j
)
(
j
a
j
)
FreeSettlingRatio
(Turbulent)
D
a
D
b
=
(
j
b
j
)
(
j
a
j
)
HinderedSettlingRatio D
a
D
b
=
(
j
b
j
p
)
(
j
a
j
p
)
PackedBeds
CarmanKozenyEquation
(GeneralForm)
A p= f
c
U
2
hj S
p
(1e)
e
3
where
Re=
U j
S
p
(1e)j
f
c
=
5
Re
(Re<4)

f
c
=
5
Re
+
0.4
Re
0.1
(Re>4)
NonNewtonianFluids
Newtonian
t
w
=j
8V
D
PowerLawFluid
t
w
=k
(
3n+1
4n
)
n
(
8V
D
)
n
BinghamPlastic
t
w
=
4
3
t
y
+j
(
8V
D
)
Generalisedmodel
t
w
=k
'
(
8V
D
)
n
'
NonNewtonianScaleUp
Wallshearstress t
w1
=t
w2
Laminar 8V
1
D
1
=
8V
2
D
2
Turbulent
V
2
=V
1
+2.5U
*
ln
(
D
2
D
1
)
FrictionVelocity
U
*
=
.
t
w
j
Slurries
EquivalentFluidModel
j
j
o
=1+2.5+10.05
2
+0.00273e
16.6
DurandFrictionFactor
f
slurry
=f
carrier
(1+82C
v

1.5
)
where
=
V
2
g D
j
carrier
j
solid
j
carrier
.
C
D
PipeFlow
PressureLoss
A p= f
L
D
jV
2
2
FrictionFactor(smoothpipes)
f =0.184 Re
0.2
PumpScalingLaws
FlowCoefficient
(
Q
oD
3
)
1
=
(
Q
oD
3
)
2
HeadCoefficient
(
g H
o
2
D
2
)
1
=
(
g H
o
2
D
2
)
2
PowerCoefficient
(

W
shaft
jo
3
D
5
)
1
=
(

W
shaft
jo
3
D
5
)
2
Efficiency j
1
=j
2