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Chapter 1
EXERCISE 1-01
1 a 27 b 33 c 144 e 86 f 277 g 155 i 244 j $25.90 k $32.80 2 a 137 b 37 c 12 e 22 f 46 g 66 i 95 j $6.05 k $5.10 3 a 140 b 200 c 70 4 a 2 b 4 c 7 e 1 f 3 g 9 i 8 5 a (25 + 55) + (16 + 14) + 9 = 80 + 30 + 9 = 110 + 9 = 119 b (32 + 48) + (13 + 67) + 45 = 80 + 80 + 45 = 205 6 a 106 b 160 c 121 7 a 3 b 6 c 5 e 70 f 40 g 20 i 28 j 77 k 52 8 a 75 b 78 c 18 e 55 f 140 g 121 i 173 j 59 k 69 d 107 h 340 l $21.85 d 241 h 113 l $2.10 d 230 d 5 h 6

7 a 183 e 37

b 236 f 38

c 149 g 62

d 62 h 126

EXERCISE 1-03
1 6, 3, 1, 0, 3, 4, 5, 9 2 8, 6, 4, 1, 1, 2, 5, 10 3 a F b F c T d T e F f T 4 a 7 2 = 5 b 5 + 5 = 10 c 2 3 = 5 d 9 + 4 = 5 5 a 4 b 6 c 0 d 2 e 1 f 7 g 5 h 1 i 2 j 6 k 11 l 9 m 4 n 9 o 4 p 4 6 a Positive b Negative c Positive d Negative e Negative f Positive g 2 h 32 i 18 j 3 7 a 10 b 21 c 36 d 33 e 7 f 3 g 3 h 7 i 36 j 20 k 12 l 25 m 10 n 4 o 5 p 8 8 a 2 b 5 c 3 d 1 e 100 f 12 g 20 h 8 i 2

d 181 d 1 h 90 l 55 d 51 h 61 l 71

EXERCISE 1-04
1 a 2 2 2 b 9 9 c 5 5 5 5 d 7 7 7 7 7 e 2.8 2.8 f (6) (6) (6) (6) g 10.4 10.4 10.4 h  (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 2 a 3 b 2 c 4 d 5 e 2 f 4 g 3 h 7 3 a 2 cubed b 9 squared c 5 to the power of 4 d 7 to the power of 5 e 2.8 squared f 6 to the power of 4 g 10.4 cubed h 3 to the power of 7 4 a 63 b 122 c 35 d (5)2 4 6 1 e (7.1) f 4 g 2 h (1)3 7 i 9 5 a 289 b 484 c 512 d 1000 e 225 f 729 g 38.44 h 531.441 i 2401 j 15625 k 27 l 512 m 26 n 38 o 9 p 7 q 18 r 2.1 s 13 t 5.2

EXERCISE 1-02
1 a 21 e 36 i 160 m 8 q 9 2 a 120 e 360 3 a 126 e 225 4 a 210 e 1000 5 a 153 e 5148 6 a 163 e 59 i 44 m 25 b 40 f 49 j 300 n 6 r 4 b 70 f 900 b 180 f 330 b 400 f 81 b 405 f 3737 b 446 f 66 j 12 n 17 c 24 g 18 k 120 o 7 s 3 c 1800 g 200 c 80 g 840 c 360 g 1200 c 176 g 216 c 87 g 49 k 6 o 16 d 24 h 45 l 420 p 6 t 5 d 1200 h 240 d 168 h 144 d 78 h 2400 d 253 h 232 d 171 h 28 l 14 p 36

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6 a 9.49 e 10.68 b 5.74 f 5.89 c 2.76 g 8.25 d 4.33 h 6.32 8 a 13.8 b 1.38 e 0.138 f 0.138 8.77 9 a 5)43.85 350.8 b 701.6, 2)701.6 10 a 13.35 b 2.41 e 510 f 3054 c 1.38 g 0.138 d 13.8 h 0.0138

EXERCISE 1-05
1 a 1.8 b 3.45 c 4.8 d 2.6 e 4 f 6 g 2 h 4 i 5 2 a 6 103 b 7.4 104 5 c 3.4 10 d 5.6 105 1 e 7.53 10 f 9 109 2 g 7.81 10 h 1.493 106 2 i 4.7 10 3 a 85000 b 0.0206 c 60000000 d 0.0000762 e 347600 f 0.00332 g 8490000 h 0.00053 i 260000000 4 a 7.6 108 b 1.6 102 3 c 8.98 10 d 4.47 106 11 5 a 2.16 10 b 1.26 1013 10 c 6.25 10 d 2.5 104 3 e 7 10 f 3.90625 103 12 g 3.7 10 h 2.24 1010 5 i 4.3 10 j 3.1 1010 15 k 9.2 10 l 1.521 1011 7 m 3.2 10 n 8.30584 104 3 6 a 1.9 10 b 1.66242 108 24 c 1.66 10 d 3 108 7 a Maximum distance = 2.49 108 km Minimum distance = 2.06 108 km b 2.275 108 km

c 31.5 g 402.5

d 39.4 h 1.94

EXERCISE 1-07
1 a 7 2 + 2 = 14 + 2 = 16 b 35 3 + 2 = 32 + 2 = 34 2 3 Work from left to right. 1 4 a 10 b 15 c 14 3 e 52 f 9 g 65 i 4 5 a 2 b 23 c 20 e 24 f 11 g 3 i 2 j 2 k 7 6 a 8 b 10 c 17 e 2 f 33 g 6 i 3 j 10 k 27 7 a 29.9 b 6.41 c 57 e 3.1 f 43.2 8 a (2 + 7) 3 = 27 b 15 (2 + 3) 3 = 0 c 6 3 (5 2) 2 = 12 d  3 4 6 + 12 3 = 10 (no brackets required) e (20 12) 4 + 6 = 8 f (12 4) (2 + 6) = 1

1 3 h 2 d 8 d 11 h 20 l 125 d 0 h 19 l 5 d 31.1

EXERCISE 1-06
1 a 0.048, 0.401, 0.409, 0.41 b 0.0179, 0.0509, 0.057, 0.1009 2 a 56.37 b 0.08 c 3.76 e 8.00 f 24.37 g 6.10 3 a 33 b 3.44 c 28.19 e 339.51 f 15.4 4 a 2, right b 3, left 5 a 960 b 153.8 c 73 e 4.78 f 0.01387 g 0.0876 6 a 2 b 2 c 3 7 a 2.4 b 1.8 c 0.25 e 49.2 f 68.5 g 2.04 d 2.47 h 3.26 d 9.03

EXERCISE 1-08
1 a 15 b 15 c 28 e 4 f 5 g 8 3 9 4 b c 2 a 4 10 5 6 3 1 f g e 11 4 4 1 1 1 b 1 c 6 3 a 4 4 9 3 4 1 1 f 5 g 3 e 4 5 2 7 8 2 25 1 b = 4 4 a = 2 3 3 6 6 4 1 15 1 d = 2 c = 1 3 3 7 7 5 Check using a calculator. d 40 h 14 11 d 15 5 h 7 1 d 2 6 3 h 4 8

d 50.9 h 0.0049 d 4 d 0.028 h 0.884

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5 3 + 1 16 = 3 3 11 13 33 46 b c d 7 a 4 8 10 9 8 Use a calculator. 9 a Any one of these: 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 b Any one of these: 33, 34, 35 c Any one of these: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 d Any one of these: 19, 20

4 a 0.56 e 1.15 5 a 23%

b 0.08 f 0.025

EXERCISE 1-09
1 5 5 25 3 8 24 = , = 8 5 40 5 8 40 5 \  is the larger fraction 8 2 3 7 b c 2 a 5 4 8 4 1 7 9 b c d 3 a 5 2 6 28 11 7 13 5 f g h e 12 15 20 24 4 a 14 b 24 c 12 d 9 e 20 min f 400 g g 16 h h 1.5 L 6 1 3 1 b c d 5 a 25 4 7 2 1 1 7 9 f g h e 2 2 24 16 4 6 2 7 b c d 6 a 5 5 3 6 11 1 21 f g h 6 e 9 5 2 1 3 4 9 13 7 a 7 + + = 7 + + =7+ 3 4 12 12 12 1 1 = 7 + 1 = 8 12 12 2 5 12 25 13 17 =3 =2 b 3 + = 3 + 5 6 30 30 30 30 4 19 76 38 2 = = =4 c 3 6 18 9 9 11 21 11 10 110 55 13 = = = =2 d 2 10 2 21 42 21 21 1 7 13 1 b 4 c 7 d 8 8 a 5 3 15 20 4

b 80% 1 e 87.5% f 83 % 3 6 a 63% b 20% e 0.7% f 1.8% . .. 7 a 0.2 b 0.63 8 a 0.075 b 0.32 .. e 0.72 f 0.85 17 13 9 a b 50 20 1 9 f e 6 4 200 3 16 10 a , 0.619, 62%, 5 25 11 4 b 27%, 0.274, , 40 11

c 0.37 d 0.746 g 0.1619 h 0.003 1 c 27.5% d 33 % 3 g 60% h 80% c 9% g 20.5% . . c 0.521 c 0.6 . g 9.46 1 c 250 7 g 13 25 d 31.3% h 44% . d 0.73 . d 0.7 h 5.375 4 d 5 41 h 250

EXERCISE 1-11
1 a 6 b 9 e 15 min f 0.3 kg i $72 j $42 2 a 12.96 b 1.5 e $225 f 495 mL 3 a $248.40 c 533 m 4 a $65.12 c 123.5 min 9 3 5 a b 400 8 1 1 b 37 % 6 a 2 % 4 2 7 68% 8 12.9% 9 81 students 10 English 11 $70157.50 12 $831.25 c 18 d 9 g 8 h h 0.8 m k $50 l $30 c $57.60 d $46.20 g 315 g h 54 min b $5128.20 d 67.5 kg b $591.30 d 2128 kL 1 3 c d 6 40 2 1 c 16 % d 7 % 3 2

EXERCISE 1-10
3 7 b 25 20 67 1 f e 100 50 2 Use a calculator. 1 3 b 3 a 3 80 1 a 4 c 5 3 g 2 c 11 12 13 25 11 h 25 d d 3 16

EXERCISE 1-12
1 a $21000 2 a $2600 3 a $250 4 a $175 5 a $9.10 6 84.2% b $6000 b 52% b 20.8% b $49 b 12% c 28.6%

c 28%

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7 $120.84 8 a $545 9 $746 10 30 points 11 40 people 12 $275 13 $2840 14 $25900 b 240 c 4100 L

Chapter 2
EXERCISE 2-01
1 a mean, sum of scores number of scores b difference, highest, lowest c mode d middle e average , middle 2 a 13.6 b 11, 12 c 13 d 7 3 a 6.09 b 51.6 c 13.54 d 63.25 4 a 7 b  All scores represent the mode as there are no repetitions. c 12.1 d 48, 55, 64, 70, 71 5 a 7 b 50.5 c 13.4 d 64 6 a 8 b 18 c 3.7 d 35 7 a 93 b 25 c 25 d 39 e 43 8 a $69 b $80 c $35 or $90 d $156

Skillbank 1
2 a 3.5 e 0.8 i 0.24 b 2.4 c 0.12 f 0.0027 g 0.2 j 0.012 k 1.8 d 0.36 h 8.8 l 0.028

Practice test 1
1 910 2 $3.55 3 41.6% 4 18 h 5 7 2 (5 + 4) = 11 6 Any one of: 25, 26, 27 7 6 8 43 1 9 0.18, , 25% 5 10 Any one of: 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 11 B 12 C 13 C 14 B 15 A 16 C 17 D 18 D 19 B 20 A 21 A, C 22 A, D 23 a $744 b 31% 14 c $4904.64 d 25 24 a 32000 spectators b 1.4 104 7 d 18.75% c 16

EXERCISE 2-02
1 a Score x Tally 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 b 9 2 Score x 0 1 2 3 4 Totals a 2 min || || || || || |||| |||| Totals c 7.35 d 8, 8 Frequency f 5 8 10 3 1 27 | Frequency f 1 0 2 2 2 2 2 5 4 20 e 8 fx 0 8 20 9 4 41 d 2 fx 2 0 8 10 12 14 16 45 40 147 f 8

b 27 days c 1.52

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 3 Score x 0 1 2 3 4 Totals a 19 4 Score x 12 13 14 15 16 17 Totals a 14.83 5 Score x 1 2 3 4 5

Frequency f 1 3 5 7 3 19 c 3 2 3 5 6 3 5 24 b 15 Tally |||| || |||| | |||| |||| Totals c 5 Frequency f b 4

fx 0 3 10 21 12 46 d 3 fx 24 39 70 90 85 356 d 15 fx 4 4 18 20 20 66 48 e 2.4

2 a Scores 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Tally || ||| |||| ||| | |||| | |||| |||| |||

Frequency 2 3 4 3 1 6 4 4 3

10

b and c
Olympic diving scores

Frequency f 4 2 6 5 4 21

Frequency

d 7 3 a 152 cm c 5 e 24 days g 44 days 152 153 154 155 156 157

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Scores

e 6 times b 4 days d 154 cm f Mean = 154.6 cm Frequency f 5 6 9 12 4 8 44 fx 760 918 1386 1860 624 1256 6804

Range = 4, mode = 3, median = 3, mean = 3.1

Water level x

EXERCISE 2-03
1 a 3 students b 6 letters c 4 d Number of letters x 3 4 5 6 7 Totals e 28 students f 9 students Frequency f 4 5 7 9 3 28 g 5 letters
Frequency

4 a
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Totals

Football tries scored per match, in a season

0 1 2 3 4 5 Number of tries

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b 15 matches d 2 tries c 5 e 2 5 a Mode = 0, median = 1, mean = 1.05 b  The mode, as almost half of his scores in each soccer game were 0.

EXERCISE 2-04
1 a 7, 8 b 8 c 7 d Between 7 and 8 e 6.8 f 2 2 a 31 b 17 c 22, 26, 28, 33, 41, 58 d 20s e 33 f 50

EXERCISE 2-06
1 a i x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 b i Total f 7 8 9 6 10 7 5 4 56 cf 7 15 24 30 40 47 52 56

a i 14

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Maximum daily temperatures in Picton

b 12 days 4 a 4, 5 or 6

ii 8 iii 13, 15 1 d 10C and 18C c 7 b 59 c 4 d 24 e 56.9

ii 2 middle scores iii 28th and 29th iv 3 x 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2 a x 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Total f 12 17 20 35 21 16 10 131 Tally || |||| |||| | |||| || |||| ||| |||| f 2 4 6 4 2 8 4 cf 2 6 12 16 18 26 30 cf 12 29 49 84 105 121 131

EXERCISE 2-05
1 a  Mean = 7.71, mode = 7.0, median = 8, range = 2.9 b  The median as it is unaffected by extreme scores (6.2, 8.8 and 9.1) and represents where most of the scores lie. 2 Hunter family: x = 28.5, Yen family: x = 27.5 a  Outlier is 2, which is less than youngest age of Hunters (where all other ages are the same in both families). b  Because the median is unaffected by the outliers (2 and 8). c Yen d 19 e 60 3 a  Mode = $625000, $705000, median = $660750, mean = $772450 b  Median, as it is unaffected by the outlier ($1800000). Also, most of the prices lie close to the median. 4 a Angus: mean = 86, range = 2 b Samantha: mean = 86, range = 6 c 81 d  Perhaps Samantha, as she has the two lowest scores. e  Angus, as he has no outliers and the smallest range, which reflects his consistency as the scores are clustered around the mean.

ii 1 middle score iii 66th iv 13

b 30 students c 18 students d 18 students e 13 f 6

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 3 a

x 3 4 5 6 7

Tally |||| |||| ||| |||| |||| |||| ||| |

f 4 8 10 5 3 1

cf 4 12 22 27 30 31 d 12 families g 9 families

x 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Total
Cumulative frequencies

f 4 0 5 2 4 1 6 22

cf 4 4 9 11 15 16 22

b 31 families c 5 people e 5 people f 4 families

EXERCISE 2-07
1 a x 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total
Cumulative frequency 32 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 0

cf 2 9 17 20 25 29 31

f 2 7 8 3 5 4 2 31

24 20 16 12 8 4 0

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Median = 13.5 2 a
24 20 16 12 8 4 0 Cumulative frequency Ages of players in a basketball club

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Ages

b 18
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 x

c 6 x 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tally |||| |||| |||| |||| ||| || ||||

d 13 f 4 4 4 4 3 2 4

e 17 cf 4 8 12 16 19 21 25

3 a

Median = 8

b 25 days

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c
Cumulative frequency Number of faulty computers in repair shop per day 24 20 16 12 8 4 0

4 a Class Class Tally interval centre x |||| 1519 17 2024 2529 22 27 32 37 42 |||| | |||| |||| |||| ||| |||| ||| Totals b 36 c 13 Frequency f 5 6 9 8 5 3 36 d 2529 fx 85 132 243 256 185 126 1027 e 28.5

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Number of computers

3034 3539 4044

d 5

e 2, 3, 4, 5, 8

EXERCISE 2-08
1 a 21 2 a Class Class Tally interval centre x |||| ||| 15 3 610 1115 1620 2125 2630 8 13 18 23 28 |||| |||| |||| |||| | |||| |||| || |||| |||| |||| ||| Totals b 59 d $16$20 3 a Class Class Tally interval centre x || 18 4.5 |||| 916 1724 2532 3340 b 7 12.5 20.5 28.5 36.5 |||| |||| |||| |||| ||| |||| ||| ||| Totals c 1724 Frequency f 7 9 13 8 3 40 d 1724 fx 31.5 112.5 266.5 228 109.5 748 e 18.7 Frequency f 8 10 11 12 10 8 59 c 10 shoppers e $15.54 fx 24 80 143 216 230 224 917 b 39 c 25.5 d 48

EXERCISE 2-09
1 a Class interval 150154 155159 160164 165169 170174 175179 180184 b 40 c
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Class centre Frequency x f 152 3 157 162 167 172 177 182 Total 7 10 8 6 4 2 40

Heights of Year 10 students

Frequency

152 157 162 167 172 177 182 Height (cm)

d 14 students

e 160164 cm

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 2 a

Class Class centre Frequency interval x f 0.000.04 0.02 7 0.050.09 0.100.14 0.150.19 0.200.24 0.250.29 0.07 0.12 0.17 0.22 0.27 Total
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

c
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Number of hours students spent on Internet per week

14 8 11 7 3 50
Frequency

b
Frequency

3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 Time (hours)

d 6 students 4 a

e 25 students f 610 hours

0.02 0.07 0.12 0.17 0.22 0.27 Blood alcohol level

Salary Class centre Frequency ( $1000) x f 2428 26 6 2933 3438 3943 4448 4953 31 36 41 46 51 56 Total 5 10 7 8 4 2 42

c 0.050.09 3 a Class Class centre interval x 15 3 610 1115 1620 2125 2630 3135 3640 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 | Totals b 33 students Frequency f 5 10 2 8 2 5 0 1 33

Tally |||| |||| |||| || |||| ||| || ||||

5458

b 42 people d 11 people

c $34000$38000 e 19 people

Skillbank 2
2 a $100 3 a 120 b $60.50 c 150 b $63 c $80 d 210 d $48

Practice test 2
1 6 2 17 3 middle, even 4 6, 7, 8 or 9 5 30 6 29 7 32 8 40 9 29 10 21 11 C 12 B

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3 D 1 14 C 15 A 16 D 17 B 18 B 19 D 20 B 21 B, C, D 22  C and D (since the score added is lower than the lowest already there) 23 a 48 b 105 c 25 d 50 24 a Score Frequency Cumulative frequency 2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 b 30 students d
32 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 Cumulative frequency

3 4 3 1 6 4 4 3 c 7
Results of class quiz

5 9 12 13 19 23 27 30

2 a 1070 cm c 96 h e 10500 mm g 720 min i 95 mm k 1910000 cm 3 a metres c kilometres e megalitres g grams 4 a 7.5 m c 2.5 days e 0.426 m g 17.5 km i 7.08 L k 0.9 mL 5 a C b B c B 6 a 2.5 h c 0.38 kL e 9800 mL g 0.03 t i 21600 s k 8000000 mL

b 6500 kg d 8000000 L f 64000 g h 3250 mL j 30000 mg l 27000 s b kilograms d millilitres f minutes h litres b 1.34 t d 0.89 kL f 30 g h 0.58 kg j 0.44 km l 9 days d C e A f B b 475 g d 2.9 km f 5100 mm h 435 min j 2.95 m l 30 kg

EXERCISE 3-02
1 a 8:13 am b 2:20 pm c 11:11 am d 11:54 pm 2 a 0140 h b 0735 h c 1640 h d 2328 h 3 a 5 h b 4 h c 9 h d 12 h 4 a 8 min b 6 min c 11 min d 8 min 5 a 9 h b 6 h 10 min c 7 h 50 min 6 a 5 h 24 min b 10 h 39 min c 12 h 21 min d 6 h 50 min 24 s 7 a 2 min 45 s b 4 min 9.6 s c 3 min 48 s d 11 min 54 s 8 a 2 h 24 min b 4 h 10 min c 6 h 40 min d 1 h 18 min 9 a 3 min 19 s b 5 min 58 s c 1 min 18 s d 14 min 2 s 10 a 1:05 pm b 5:00 pm c 5:35 pm 11 a 1 h 48 min b 10:18 pm c 8:12 pm 12 6 h 25 min 13 a 5:00 am b 6:00 pm

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Score

Chapter 3
EXERCISE 3-01
1 a 60 d 100 g 1000 j 1000 b 1000 e 24 h 60 k 1000000 c 1000 f 1000 i 1000 l 3600

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EXERCISE 3-03
1 a x2 = 102 + 242 = 676 x = 676 = 26 b r2 = 292 202 = 441 r = 441 = 21 c w2 = 502 482 = 196 w = 196 = 14 2 a d = 58 b y = 6 3 a p = 11.3 b j = 10.4 4 a b = 117 b q = 52 5 a w = 6.86 b z = 10.58

g 12.25 m2 j 39 cm2 m 4.095 m2

h 60 mm2 k 28 cm2 n 25.2 m2

i 12 m2 l 216 mm2 o 362.5 cm2

EXERCISE 3-07
c a = 75 c f = 13.0 c y = 561 c h = 6.36 1 a 120000 cm2 b 45000 m2 d 6.4 ha e 3 km2 2 2 a 1020 m b 106 cm2 2 d 420 cm e 220 mm2 2 g 40 m h 30.9 cm2 2 3 a 44 m b $1298 c 380 mm2 f 0.085 m2 c 844 m2 f 55 cm2 i 133 mm2

EXERCISE 3-08
1 a  Number of faces = 6 Surface area = 6 42 = 96 m2 b  Number of faces = 6 Area of front and back = 2 18 25 = 900 cm2 Area of top and bottom = 2 18 10 = 360 cm2 Area of sides = 2 10 25 = 500 cm2 Surface area = 900 + 500 + 360 = 1760 cm2 2 a 5 b 24 m2 c 42 m2 d 70 m2 e 136 m2 3 a h = 13 cm b 660 cm2 4 a 434 cm2 b 72 m2 c 408 cm2 5 a 138 m2 b 1280 cm2 c 18206 cm2

EXERCISE 3-04
1 a 24 cm b 21 m c 46 cm d 22.5 m e 62 mm f 16 cm g 26 m h 35 cm i 28 cm j 36 mm k 21 m l 20 cm 2 a 49 cm b 44 m c 64 cm d 90 mm 3 a 19.54 m b 30.60 cm 4 a d = 14 m, e = 10 m, P = 94 m b x = 50 cm, y = 50 cm, P = 440 cm

EXERCISE 3-05
1 a Circumference = 2 p 4 = 25.1327 25.13 cm b Area = p 42 = 50.2654 50.27 cm2 2 a 56.5 cm b 18.8 m c 28.3 m 3 a 254.5 cm2 b 28.3 m2 c 63.6 m2 4 a 21.42 cm b 10.28 m c 50.85 mm 5 a 100.53 cm2 b 38.48 m2 c 4.91 m2 d 2228.32 mm2 2 e 367.57 cm f 21.46 cm2

EXERCISE 3-09
1 a 1000000 cm3 c 1 mL e 1000 mm3 g 1000 mL i 1 cm3 k 1000 L 2 a 2600 mL c 13500 mm3 e 10200 mm3 g 8200 L i 18 m3 k 55000000 cm3 3 a 3 L c 3.2 m3 e 0.94 cm3 g 4.5 ML i 5.43 cm3 k 0.000018 m3 b 1000 L d 1000000 L f 1 kL h 1000000000 mm3 j 1000 kL l 1000000 mL b 9400 L d 24000000 cm3 f 8400 kL h 246 mL j 3900000 mL l 9000 cm3 b 7 cm3 d 2.6 kL f 126 m3 h 1000 m3 j 0.063 m3 l 2 L

EXERCISE 3-06
1 a Rhombus, kite b Parallelogram c Circle d Triangle e Rectangle f Trapezium g Square h Semi-circle 2 a 170 cm2 b 60 m2 c 144 cm2 169p 132.7 cm2 d 448 mm2 e 27 m2 f 4

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4 a 4600000 cm3 b 27 ML c 200 cm3 d 0.54 m3 e 2150000 mL f 8.8 mL g 3.45 kL h 65000 mm3 3 i 7.3 m j 6400 kL k 1300 cm3 l 1.3 L 5 62 mL 6 2.8 L 7 1.6 m3 3 3 8 375 cm 9 55000 cm 10 45000 L 7 7 8 60 9 2 h 45 min 10 2727 11 A 12 A 13 D 14 B 15 A 16 A 17 B 18 B 19 D 20 D 21 A, B, D 22 C, D 23 a 14 m b 21 m 24 a Triangular prism c 23.4 m2

EXERCISE 3-10
1 a Area of base: A = 1 13 9 = 58.5 2 Volume: V = 58.5 16 = 936 m2 b  Area of base: A = 12 Volume: V = 12 7 = 84 cm2 2 a 9450 cm3 b 9450 mL 3 a 960 cm3 b 100 m3 c 12312 mm3 3 3 d 496 cm e 180 m f 170 cm3 3 5 a 121500 cm b 121500 mL c 121.5 L

c 90 m d 404 m2 b 5 d 5.04 m3

EXERCISE 3-11
1 a Volume: V = pr2h = p 182 24 = 24429.024 24429.02 cm3 b Radius of base, r = 8 m Volume: V = pr2h = p 82 9 = 1809.557 1809.56 m3 2 a 240331.84 cm3 b 240.33 L 3 a 12566.37 mm3 b 14.14 cm3 c 423.33 m3 d 1639.91 cm3 e 3562.57 cm3 f 155.51 m3 4 a 18.85 m3 b 18849.56 L

Chapter 4
EXERCISE 4-01
1 a n + 6 9 n d n + 8 e n 3 f 5n 2 a 6, 8, 10 b 75, 95, 115 c 21, 11, 1 1 d 2, 3, 4 e 4, 8, 16 f 1, 10 g 11, 14 h 20, 200, 2000 i 1, 1, 1 3 a Add 2. b Add 20. c Subtract 10. d Add 1. e Double the previous number. f Divide by 10. g Subtract 3. h Multiply by 10. i Multiply by 1. 4 a n + 3, n + 4, n + 5 b n + 8, n +10, n + 12 c k 2, k 3, k 4 d 4k, 5k, 6k e m4, m5, m6 b 4n c

Skillbank 3
2 3, 5 3 4, 10

5 a i

Practice test 3
1 3600 seconds 2 16 17 3 5 4 12d3e 5 Cylinder 6 Yes. ii Number of shapes, n Number of matchsticks, M iii M = 4n 1 4 2 8 3 4 5 6

12 16 20 24

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 b i ii Number of shapes, n Number of matchsticks, M iii M = 2n + 1 c i 1 3 2 5 3 7 4 9 5 6

EXERCISE 4-02
1 a 7 2 a 1 3 a 8 4 a 2 5 a 2 6 a 1 e 3 7 a 3 1 e 10 i 6 8 a b h V x y b 5 b 8 b 6 b 6 b 0.5 b 7 f 3 b 1 f 0 0 0 2 6 1 4 1 2 c 2 c 2 c 14 c 0 c 8 c 5 g 0 c 6 g 4 2 20 0 0 3 36 1 2 1 4 d 5.5 d 0.1 d 10.5 d 0 d 0 d 9 h 24 d 0.25 h 18 10 260 1 0 15 540 2 2

11 13

ii Number of shapes, n Number of matchsticks, M 1 6 2 3 4 5 6

EXERCISE 4-03
1 a 3x b 2y c 9w d 0 e y f 0 g 2xy h 8q2 i 6b j 0 k 6p l 0 2 a 3a + 7a + 1 + 2 = 10a + 3 b 4d 5d 2h + 3h = d + h 3 a 9a + 2 b 7x y c 7 10c d 2y 2x e 3p + q f n g 8 12w h 9j 5k i 3b + 1 j 8y 3 k 2 + 2c l 7x + 3y 4 a 2x2 + 9 b 3x3 c 6a2 2a d 7xy 5xz 3z e 9 10mn + 5m f 4x 5 a 5e g b 4x 6y c 3b 9ab 6 a P = 4y + 12x + 2 b P = 5m 3x 3y 5a 47z b c d 7 a 5 11 4 24 3x 7w 13k 2a e f g h 4 6 20 21

11 16 21 26 31

iii M = 5n + 1 6 a 4 matchsticks b 14 matchsticks c 38 matchsticks 7 a y = 3x b q = p + 4 c b = 2a + 3 8 a Add 6 to the number. b Multiply the number by 4. c Divide the number by 3. d Subtract 5 from the number multiplied by 2. e Halve the number. f Multiply the number by itself. g  Multiply the number by 3, then subtract the answer from 8. h Multiply the number by 1, then subtract 2. 9 a 7w b 24d c 100m d 1000k e 100D f 60m lc d 100T 10 a $cD b $ c d $ 100 h c e $(M D) f y + x w Q 11 a 6p + 7q b 2n 9m c + 8 d 2 M 12 a k + 2 b k + 1

EXERCISE 4-04
1 a 3a b 4b c 15c d 12x e abc f 2xz g 7wx h 2y2 i 3x2 1 x y b c 2w d 2 a 2 2 2 1 h u e 3p f 5x g 5

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3 a 12ab e 2 i 6p2 2 m z q 5k2l2 u 25p2 4 a 9 e 0 i 4y3 m 3 + m 5 a 62x2 b 12v2 f 3 j 3a2b n 4 3 r w v 8x3y3 b 23x f 13y j 3b n 12x b 12ky c 5kl g 1 k x o 6m2n 7 s d w 27m3n c 4 g 12a k 2x2y o 3k2 1 2x h 6mn hj l 4 p x2y2 d t a2b2 x 2x3y2 d 8x h 2h l 12xy 3 p 2xyz 4 a 3x 6 b 2y 2 c 15 5a d 28 4p e 2a + 8 f 7c + 21 g 32 + 4b h 12 + 2x i x2 3x 2 2 j y + 2y k 3c c l 2d + d2 2 m 6n 3 n 2x + 10x o 5xy 10x2 2 p 8w + 12w 5 a 2a + 8 + 3a = 5a + 8 b 3 + 4x 8 = 4x 5 c 5y 10 3y 3 = 2y 13 d x2 4x 3x + 15 = x2 7x + 15 6 a 9m + 12 b 2y + 3 c n 8 d 7x 13 e a2 5a 9 f y2 7y + 10 g 4x2 x 6 h b2 + 3b 2 i 5w2 9w j 7 + 3c k 3 x l 5q2 8q

EXERCISE 4-05
1 a a3 + 4 = a7 b x8 4 = x4 c b5 2 = b10 3 1 d 3 e 64 f 8 = 2 y b p5 c l6 d w14 2 a k8 9 2 3 6 e m f k g c g h v2 3 x i 3 y 1 d 1 3 a 6 b 1 c 125 e 3 f 1 4 a (2 3) (a5 a2) = 6a7 b 43 (a5 3) = 64a15 5 a 12z10 b 50a10 c 3y3 d p6 x h 2v9 e a5b45 f 9d14 g 5 i 625c4 j 2y5 k 6 l 4p3q5 2 1 a o 75x3 m p 8m4 n 2 16 q 3 r 2

EXERCISE 4-07
1 a 2a d 2c 2 a a + b d w + 5 b 3b e 4p b b 2c e z 1 c 4x f 2p c x + 3 1 f 2 c 2(y + 5) f w(w + 3)

EXERCISE 4-06
1 a 3 n + 3 6 = 3n + 6 b y y y 3 = y2 3y c 2 4c + (2) 5 = 8c 10 d 1(m 2) = 1 m 1 (2) = m + 2 2 a 3x + 3 b 2p 6 c q2 + 2q 2 d n 4n e 14 + 7a f 15 3s g 3c c2 h w + w2 i 6x + 4 j 20a 25 k b + 2b2 l 3d 2d2 2 m ab + 8a n 4xy 4x o hy + 3h2 2 2 p vw v w 3 (2)(2 5) = 2 7 = 14 (2)2 5 (2) = 4 + 10 = 14

b a(p q) 3 a 3(x + 3) d k(h + j) e 6(s 2) 1 g (a b) h q(1 + 5q) 3 4 Sample answer: when a = 2, 22 + 4 2 = 4 + 8 = 4 2(2 4) = 2 2 = 4 b z + 2 c x 3 5 a c + d d 1 x e 6a + 5 f v g n h y i x 6 a 5(a + b) b x(2x 1) c p(p 3) d 2(b + 1) e y(1 + z2) f 6(3a 2c) g 7(2w + 3u) h 4(5x 4v) 7 a 2 + y b 3a 4 c q + 2 d a 3 e 1 2y f n + m g 4h h 2x + 3z 8 a 2a(2 + 3b) b 3q(2p 1) c 4b(c 5) d ow(s r) e at(t 2) f m2p(n 1) 9 a y + z + w b 1 2a 3b 10 a 2(x + 2y + 4) b y(x 1 + 3x) c (n + mn + m) d 4y(3x2w + x2 4w2)

EXERCISE 4-08
1 a x = 8 b y = 32 c x = 4 2 a 3x + 2 2 = 14 2 3x = 12 3x 12 = 3 3 x=4 d y = 8

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w 8+8=2+8 5 w = 10 5 w 5 = 10 5 5 w = 50 3 a x = 2 b y = 3 e x = 4 f y = 1 i x = 10 j n = 5 4 a w = 16 b p = 9 10 e x = 4 f z = 3 i x = 24 j y = 6 5 2x + 3 2x = 5x 2x 3 = 3x 3 3x = 3 3 x=1 b x = 3

EXERCISE 4-10
c x = 4 g p = 2 k c = 1 c r = 6 g p = 8 k x = 2 d p = 3 h q = 16 l a = 5 d q = 2 h c = 12 l w = 0 1 a 64 = 2(l + 19) 64 = 2l + 38 64 38 = 2l + 38 38 26 = 2l 2l 26 = 2 2 l = 13 A7 b 28 = 3 7A 28 = 3 7A 28 3 = 3 3 84 = 7A 7A 84 = 7 7 A = 12 2 a A = 23.52 b b = 12 3 a $480 b 12 days 4 a V = 373.30 b h = 0.18 5 a 1.2 m b 2.49 m 6 a v = 11 b u = 114

6 a x = 2 e x = 2

1 1 c x = 4 d x = 1 2 4 2 1 6 f x = 2 g x = 2 h x = 1 5 3 11

c h = 2

6 7

c 17 people c t = 27

EXERCISE 4-09
1 a x = 0 e a = 0 i x = 2 b y = 10 f z = 8 c w = 2 g v = 7 d n = 7 h q = 1 j x = 14 k x = 1 2 l h = 1 3

EXERCISE 4-11
1 a C 2 a b A c D d B
1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

2 a 3x + 4 x = x + 2 x 2x + 4 = 2 2x + 4 4 = 2 4 2x = 2 2x 2 = 2 2 x = 1 3 a x = 2 e x = 4 4 a w = 5 e y = 9 b y = 6 c x = 4 g w = 2 c r = 1 g q = 8 1 k p = 1 4 2 o n = 4 5 f p = 1 b p = 11 f p = 10 3 j d = 2 i x = 1 5 2 m p = 15 n x = 6 3 1 3 q w = r y = 1 4 4

b
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2

c 1 3 h p = 15 d x = 4 h k = 15 1 l w = 3 3 p x = 1 5 d y = 1
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5

d
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

e
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

f
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4

g
2 1 0 1 2 3

h
4 3 2 1 0 1

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Answers Answers
3 a x < 4 d x , 1.5 b x . 1 e x . 0.5 c x > 0

Skillbank 4
2 a 37 b 2.4 c 370 f 0.24 g 3700 h 24 d 2.4 i 3.7 e 370

EXERCISE 4-12
1 a Y b Y 2 a N b N 3 a x = 1, 2, 4 d p = 16, 32, 0.5 4 a x . 1 c N d N c Y d Y b y = 6 c m = 3 e x = 3, 0, 1

Practice test 4
1 p6 2 4y 3 0.0001, 0.00001, 0.000001 4 24q 5 13 6 r 7 x . 1 8 w = 3 3m 9 10 10 y = 2x + 3 11 C 12 C 13 D 14 D 15 A 16 C 17 A 18 C 19 C 20 C 21 A, D 22 A, C 23 a A = 32a x2 b 167 c a = 2 d P = 8a + 16 24 a 3k + 3 b 72 c k = 39 d k + 2

6 5 4 3 2 1 0

b x , 9
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

c y . 4
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

d z < 4
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

e m > 16
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

f w > 1
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

g p . 6
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

h q > 5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

5 a x > 4 d n , 1 g v , 5 j x > 6 m x < 15 p k . 2

b x > 3 e x . 2 h q > 4 k p . 20 n x . 0 1 b m , 3 e p . 2 h n < 20 k p < 4.7

c y < 5 f c < 3 i x < 2 l q , 4 o w > 14 c y > 0.6 f z , 4 i s > 1 l m < 4.2

Chapter 5
EXERCISE 5-01
1 a 24 b 4 c 2 d 6 f 14 g 30 h 8 i 12 k 2 l 5 m 5 n 5 2 a 1 : 10 b 1 : 4 c 2 : 5 e 5 : 7 f 1 : 8 g 1 : 4 3 Use a calculator. 4 a 15 children b 5 : 3 5 a 9 : 4 b 4 : 3 c 7 : 3 e 7 : 2 f 7 : 3 g 10 : 9 6 Use a calculator. e 12 j 10 o 10 d 1 : 2 h 11 : 12

6 a x . 5 d z < 2 g x > 2.5 j x , 6

d 5 : 1 h 3 : 1

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 7 14 : 11 8 a 3 : 40 e 1 : 3 i 18 : 5 9 1 : 12 10 a 7 : 50

b 2 : 25 f 15 : 2

c 1 : 2 g 20 : 1

d 1 : 4 h 400 : 7

b 5 : 12

c 1 : 12

d 10 : 3

EXERCISE 5-02
1 salad rolls : hot dogs = 7 : 6 7 parts (salad rolls) = 210 1 part = 210 7 = 30 6 parts (hot dogs) = 6 30 = 180 180 hot dogs were sold. 6 2 sedans : hatchbacks = 18 : 5 = 108 : 30 6 Number of hatchbacks = 5 6 = 30 3 $65000 4 128 children 5 $742 6 a 8 cups b 7.5 cups 7 480 kg 8 $140 9 25 games 12 10 a 40 red cars b 25

2 a 7.5 cm b 7 m c 16.8 cm d 64 cm 3 825 m 4 a 12 m b 4 m 5 6.6 cm 6 a 3.5 mm b 2.55 mm c 2.25 cm d 1.35 mm e 0.4 mm 7 a 0.35 mm b 8 mm c 2.85 cm d 0.29 mm 8 D 9 a 1 : 10000 b 1 : 200000 c 1 : 25000 d 1 : 40000 10 a 500 m b 750 m c 1375 m d 3 km e 4.125 km 11 2 mm 12 a 1 : 20000000 b 4000 km 13 B 14 a 40 km b 1 : 4000000 c i 400 km ii 190 km iii 70 km d Gosford 15 5.6 cm

EXERCISE 5-05
1 a L/hour b people/year c runs/over d c/L e $/h f $/kg g L/km h $/kg 2 a 70 km/h b 36 $/h c 90 c/kg d 18 mm/h e 70 c/min f $34/m g $3.85/bottle h 6.2 m/s i 8 mL/s 3 64 L/min 4 82 words/minute 5 75 beats/minute 6 4521 people/year 7 131 c/L 8 6.5 leaflets/minute 9 a 2.47 people/km2 b 0.49 people/km2 10 23 sheep/h 11 $1.12 /L 12 3 cm/week 13 28 students/teacher

EXERCISE 5-03
1 a 9 b 8 c 19 d 13 2 Total number of parts = 3 + 2 = 5 1 part = 750 5 = $150 Alis share = 3 $150 = $450 Jays share = 2 $150 = $300 (Check: $450 + $300 = $750) 3 35 teachers 4 Ivy: $60, Jeff: $135 5 168 cars 6 Bianca: $336, Zdena: $504 7 450 g 8 568 students 9 80 calls 10 a 10 : 6 : 5 b  Sam: 170 cards, James: 102 cards, Richard: 85 cards

EXERCISE 5-06

1 a  The units of the rate are

EXERCISE 5-04
1 a 1.5 m e 1.9 m b 2.4 m c 1.15 m d 2.75 m

cans min Time = 6000 150 = 40 min b  Number of cans = 45 150 = 6750 cans 2 401.5 km 3 4320 beats 4 a $787.50 b 120 h

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5 2.4 kg 6 a 4.4 kg 7 360 mL 8 a 400 min c 8 h 20 min 9 3600 sheep 10 700 km 11 $3500 12 a $49.78 b 0.25 kg c 15 kg i 13.5 km j Lucia 4 h, Daniel 2.5 h 6 a 240 km b 8:00 am c Courtney, because her line is steeper d Courtney e About 10:00 am f About 160 km g 80 km/h h  11:00 am, halfway between Coffs Harbour and Taree (120 km from both towns) i 80 km/ h j Courtney, 1 h 15 min 7 a 7:00 am b 7:36 am c 30 km d 6 km/h e 12 km/h f Melissa, Tuan g Decrease h Increase i 15 km/h j Tuan, 10:24 am

b 25 minutes per car

b 22 L

EXERCISE 5-07
1 a 107 km/h b 18 km/h c 940 km/h d 3.2 km/h e 17 km/h f 16 km/h g 92 km/h h 45 km/h i 29000 km/h 2 a 40 m/min b 2.4 km/h 3 a 34 m/s b 2.04 km 4 a 6.4 m/s b 21.5 m/s c 11400 m/s d 1.2 m/s 5 3 h 7.5 min 6 a 3 km b 2.5 h 7 a 720 km b 97.5 km 8 a 280 km b 56 km/h 9 a 3 h b 7.5 h

Skillbank 5
2 2 a 3 1 e 4 i 5 : 9 m 9 : 7 4 b 5 1 f 6 j 5 : 9 n 4 : 3 5 c 7 5 g 6 k 9 : 20 o 1 : 5 1 2 2 h 5 l 4 : 5 p 4 : 1 d

Practice test 5
1 3 : 2 2 2045 3 x = 1 4 20 5 10 : 1 6 $1800 7 y = 5x + 4 8 12 9 cents, litre 10 mode 11 C 12 C 13 C 14 B 15 B 16 C 17 D 18 D 19 D 20 C 21 A, C, D 22 B, C 23 a 1 : 25000 c 1.1 km 24 a 150 km c 500 km

EXERCISE 5-08
1 a 8:00 am, 140 km b 9:30 am c By the line with increasing gradient. d  From 12:30 pm till 2 pm, because that was his longest stop and the time of day for lunch. e 1 h 30 min f 1.5 h g 40 km/h h 3:30 pm i 10:00 to 11:00 am j 180 km 2 a 6 km b 1.5 h c 4 km/h d 2 h e 1:30 pm f 12 km 3 a 300 km b 4 h c 10:00 am, 1 h d 100 km/h e 100 km 4 a i 15 min ii 2 km b Nick began his cycling trip. c  His speed decreased; the gradient of the line is less steep. d Nick took a break. e 6.4 km/h f 24 km g Nick began the return journey home. h 5 h i 2:00 pm j 48 km 5 a 1.5 h b 3 km/h c 12 km/h d 9:00 am, 6 km from home e 9:45 am f 9 km from home, 45 min g 8:30 to 9:15 am h 7:00 to 9:00 am

b 3.75 km d 10 cm b 75 km/h d 4:00 pm or 6:30 pm

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Chapter 6
EXERCISE 6-01
1 a x  = 360 123 110 67 (angles at a point) = 60 b a  = 180 130 (cointerior angles, AB || CD) = 50 2 a p = 85 (vertically opposite angles equal) b d = 64 (angles on a straight line) c x = 70 (alternate angles, HI || FG) d y = 56 (right angle) e c = 140 (angles at a point) f u = 135 (corresponding angles, PQ || RS) g d = 30 (angles on a straight line) e = 60 (angles on a straight line) h h = 44 (cointerior angles, KJ || LM) i m = 120 (vertically opposite angles) n = 60 (angles on a straight line) j q = 86 (corresponding angles, IJ || KL) k a = 74 (angles on a straight line) b = 106 (vertically opposite angles) c = 74 (vertically opposite angles) l x = 63 (cointerior angles, NO || PQ) y = 117 (alternate angles, NO || PQ)

(equal angles in an isosceles f e = 45  triangle) h = 135 (exterior angle of a triangle) g t = 60 (angles in an equilateral triangle) h r = 75 (exterior angle of a triangle) i y = 30  (equal angles in an isosceles triangle)

EXERCISE 6-03
1 (Sample answers) a

EXERCISE 6-02
1 a Isosceles b Scalene c Equilateral 2 a Obtuse-angled b Right-angled c Acute-angled 3

4 a d b f, g 5 a u = 60 (angles in an equilateral triangle) v = 180 60 (angles on a straight line) = 120 b p = 50 + 60 (exterior angle of a triangle) = 110 6 a x = 30 (angle sum of triangle) b u = 65  (equal angles in an isosceles triangle) c a = 32 (angle sum of triangle) d p = 86 (exterior angle of a triangle) e m = 40 (angle sum of triangle) n = 110 (exterior angle of a triangle)

2 a Kite b Square c Rhombus d Parallelogram 3 a d = 68 (opposite angles of a parallelogram) e = 180 68 (cointerior angles, DE || GF) = 112 360 130 110 90 b z =  (angle sum of a quadrilateral) = 30 4 a t = 98 (cointerior angles, TU || VW) b a = 78 (equal opposite angles of a kite) c b = 86 (angle sum of a quadrilateral) d f = 52 (angle sum of triangle) e x = 230 (angle sum of a quadrilateral) f a = 55 (cointerior angles, AB || DC) b =125  (opposite angles of a rhombus equal) g k = 59 (alternate angles, HJ || LK) s = 121 (cointerior angles, HJ || LK)

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h x = 105  (opposite angles of a parallelogram equal) y = 105 (corresponding angles, VW || HJ) i u = 45  (diagonals of a square bisect angles through which they pass) j w = 31 (angle sum of a quadrilateral) k z = 48  (diagonals of a rhombus meet at right angles, SQT = 90, angle sum of a triangle) (PNR = 130, equal opposite l r = 25  angles of a kite, angle sum of a quadrilateral) e 1

f 2

EXERCISE 6-06
1 a Translation b Reflection c Rotation d Reflection e Rotation f Translation 2 a
Z Y X

EXERCISE 6-05
1 a Diameter b Segment c Sector d Arc e Radius f Chord g Circumference h Tangent 2 a Arc b Diameter c Chord d Tangent e Quadrant f Segment 3 Teacher to check. 4 (Sample answers) a b c
O

Xa Za

Ya

b
Oa Na Ma

Ha Ia Ka N La Ja O M L H I J K

5 a 12 cm b 6.5 cm 6 (Diagrams not actual size) a b c

4 cm O 5 cm O 3.5 cm

d
4 cm O

e
O 60 4 cm

c
C D Da

Ca B Aa A

Ba

7 a 1

b 1 3 a

M Na

c 1

d 1

Ma

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Q Pa O Qa

EXERCISE 6-07
1 a PRT CMU b BMRY KHJL 2 a Reflection b FG c F 3 a Translation b ST c LM = UV, MN = VW, NP = WX, LP = UX 4 a Rotation and translation b W c P = X, L = U, M = V 5 a Reflection b HJ = KM, HI = KL, IJ = LM c H = K, J = M, I = L

EXERCISE 6-08

Ca

4 a
D

A Da

E C B

Ea

1 a Yes, 2 : 3 b No c Yes, 1 : 2 d Yes, 2 : 3 e Yes, 1 : 2 f No 2 a i ABC ||| FDE ii AB and FD, BC and DE, AC and FE b i PLNM ||| VYXW ii VY and PL, WX and MN, VW and PM, XY and NL c i PRT ||| GHJ ii PR and GH, PT and GJ, RT and HJ d i AXTP ||| FGKB ii AX and FG, PT and BK, TX and GK, AP and FB

b
Va Sa A Ra R S V

EXERCISE 6-09
Ua

1 a 2 2 d 3 2 a

1 b 2 e 2

3 5 2 f 3 c

Ta T

c A
N Na

L Pa La M Ma B

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c 8 e Scale factor = , y = 14.4 5 10 2 f Scale factor = , y = 26 3 3 2 a WZ = 3.125 cm, MN = 6.4 cm, NP = 4.8 cm 2 b AC = 9.6 cm, QT = 11 cm 3 2 c HK = 4 cm, HI = 6 cm, FG = 10.5 cm 3 d LM = 12 mm, NP = 16 mm, CD = 24 mm 2 e XW = 7 m, HJ = 6 m 7

Skillbank 6
2 a 70% e 75% i 55% m 90% 4 a 25% e 10% i 84% m 91% b 66% f 75% j 35% n 45% b 68% f 33.3% j 70% n 78.25% c 45% g 80% k 30% o 52% c 17% g 59% k 42.8% o 31.4% d 88% h 80% l 80% d 60% h 70.2% l 5.5%

Practice test 6
1 120 5x 2 12 3 2:35 pm 4 x , 1 5 p = 70 (corresponding angles, AB || CD) 6 11 3 cm 7

3 cm

EXERCISE 6-10
1 1 a Scale factor = , y = 10 2 2 b Scale factor = , y = 10 3 4 c Scale factor = , y = 12 3 5 d Scale factor = , y = 12.5 3

8 4 km 9 Square 11 A 13 A 15 C 17 C 19 C 21 B, D

4.5 cm

10 A = bh 12 D 14 C 16 C 18 A 20 D 22 A, D

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 3 a Isosceles 2 b Acute-angled c  y = 36 (equal angles in isosceles triangle, angle sum of triangle) d w = 108 (exterior angle of triangle) 7 24 a T b ST c d h = 35 2

5 a $3825.80 b $3682.45 c $8225.45 6 Amount over $2000 = $4500 $2000 = $2500 Commission = 12% $2500 = $300 7 a $905.85 b $22.65 c $634.10 8 a $200 b $4000

Chapter 7
EXERCISE 7-01
1 a $66768 b $64116 c $48464 d $45281.60 2 a $938.29 b $773 c $1432.96 d $1679.63 3 $2274.57 4 Normal pay = 24 12.05 = $289.20 Time-and-a-half pay = 6 1.5 12.05 = $108.45 Double-time pay = 3 2 $12.05 = $72.30 Total pay = $289.20 + $108.45 + $72.30 = $469.95 5 a $136.02 b $410.89 6 Day Normal TimeDoublehours and-a-half time hours hours 8 8 8 8 8 40 1 2 2 1 2 8 0 0 1 2 0 1 11 2

EXERCISE 7-03
1 a $5771.28 b $398.99 c $462.39 2 a $462.90 b $5459.16 c $111 d $3331.02 3 a 25% b 43.4% 4 $882.36 5 a $6529.42 b $2024.12 c $4002.21 6 a  Gross pay = $708.75, total deductions = $294.76, net pay = $413.99 b  Gross pay = $1262.25, total deductions = $667.72, net pay = $594.53 7 35% of gross income = $686 1% of gross income = $686 35 = $19.60 Gross income = $19.60 100 = $1960

EXERCISE 7-04
1 a $2.73 b $2.50 c $1.20 d 3 cents e 1 cent f 2 cents 2 B 3 a Brand A b Brand A c Brand B d Brand A 4 a $110.50 b $177.60 c $8075 d $39.38 5 a 21.1% b 11.7% 6 a $283.06 b $2167 c $9.24 d $82.72 7 a $200.65 b $120 c $768.18 d $62 8 Sale price =  88% of original price (100% 12%) 88% of original price = $28.16 1% of original price = $28.16 88 = $0.32 Original price (100%) = $0.32 100 = $32

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Total hours

Total pay = $1409.65

EXERCISE 7-02
1 a $38.25 b $40350 c $2700 2 a $4592 b $200 c $6000 3 a $10150 b $82650 4  4 weeks normal pay = $621.56 4 = $2486.24 Holiday loading = 17.5% $2486.24 = $435.09 Total holiday pay = $2486.24 + $435.09 = $2921.33

EXERCISE 7-05
1 a $4800 b $1577.94 8 2 a I = $4800 0.035 12 = $112 86 b I = $6050 0.054 365 = $76.98 3 a $276 b $750.05 d $49315.07 c $7621.25

c $1451.25

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4 a i $1500 ii $9500 b i $15300 ii $39300 c i $58.50 ii $808.50 d i $13356.81 ii $378816.81 5 $13624.50 6 $5100 = $7500 R 5 $5100 = $37500R $5100 R = = 0.136 = 0.136 100% = 13.6% $37500 7 a 3% b 6.5% 8 2 years

EXERCISE 7-08
1 a $236.55 b $84 c $656 d $3780 2 $164.20 3 a 10% $16990 = $1699 b $16990 $1699 = $15 291 c $15291 0.12 5 = $9174.60 d $15291 + $9174.60 = $24465.60 e  $24465.60 60 = $407.76 (5 years = 60 months) 4  Washing machine $35.42, computer $114.75, plant equipment $185.51, spa $130.76 5 a $6598 b $26392 c $39598 d $6608 6 a $1620 b $420 c 17.5%

EXERCISE 7-06
1 Interest after the 1st year  = $5000 0.06 = $300 Investment after 1 year  = $5000 + $300 = $5300 Interest after 2nd year  = $5300 0.06 = $318 Investment after 2 years  = $5300 + $318 = $5618 Compound interest earned  = $5618 $5000 = $618 2 a $27040 b $10644.57 c $255920.01 3 $12959.03 4 a 1.07 b 50000 c  50000 1.07 1.07 1.07 = 50000 (1.07)3 = $61252.15 d $61252.15 $50000 = $11252.15 5 a $6945.75 b $10317.63 c $26932.40 d $141724.80

EXERCISE 7-09
1 a 48 b 120 c 240 d 30 2 a $1000 12 4 = $48000 b $48000 $40000 = $8000 c $8000 = $40000 R 4 d $8000 = $160000R $8000 e R = = 0.05  = 0.05 100% $160000 = 5% p.a. 3 a 10% b 14.4% c 47.8% 4 a $51.20 b $26.20 c $13.70 d $12.90 5 a $1228.80 b $1572 c $2466 d $3870 6 a $17.90 b $358 c $5370 d $134.25 7 a $1148 b $22960 c 344400 d $8610 8 Number of Number of Instalment years instalments for $1000 1 2 10 20 Loan amount $5000 $20000 $41900 $320000 12 24 120 240 Instalment for loan amount $464.25 $1024.00 $750.01 $4384.00 $92.85 $51.20 $17.90 $13.70 Total paid $5571.00 $24576.00 $90001.20 $1052160.00

EXERCISE 7-07
1 Number of years 5 10 15 8 2 a $16590 d $7868.80 3 a $9215 4 Plan A 5 10 years 6 7.5% Interest rate A (for each p.a. dollar invested) 8% 4.5% 5.5% 4% 1.4693 1.5530 2.2325 1.3686

b $26608.80 c $763857 e $21860.30 f $1971.99 b $8420.16

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EXERCISE 7-10
1 Closing balance Minimum payment due $867.90 $68.30 $802.00 $7516.00 $43.40 $3.42 $40.10 $375.80

0 D 2 21 A, D 22 B, C 23 a $900 b $3600 24 a $4179.53 c 0.0005137

c $2520 d $127.50 b $208.98 d $64.41

$0.00 $0.00 2 a $2.52 b $0.45 c $50.06 d $8.91 e $7.73 f $0.59 g $23.37 h $0.37 3 Daily interest rate = 15.9% 365 = 0.159 365 =  0.0004356 (correct to 7 decimal places) Interest charged = 0.0004356 2458 27 = $28.910  $28.91 4 a i 0.02463% ii 0.0002463 b $61.62

Chapter 8
EXERCISE 8-01
1 a P
q r Q p

R b X
y z Y

Skillbank 7
2 a 0.7 d 0.45 4 a 0.61 d 0.38 b 0.6 e 0.98 b 0.04 e 0.271 c 0.07 f 0.4 c 0.9 f 0.007

Z c
m L

x N l

Practice test 7
1 3 2 5.5 3 25a 4 700 5 6.5% 6 60 kg 7 $685 8 A = pr2 9 70 mL/min 10 (6, 1) 11 C 12 D 13 C 14 B 15 D 16 A 17 C 18 C 19 D

2 a RQ b Q c YZ d Z 3 a b b y c m d PQ 4 a a b x c n d QR 5 a c b z c l d PR 6 a f, d b PX, PN 7 a i H = LU, O = DU, A = DL ii H = LU, O = DL, A = DU b i H = z, O = y, A = x ii H = z, O = x, A = y c i H = AH, O = AF, A = FH ii H = AH, O = FH, A = AF

e LN e EG e FG e EF

f f f f

N KN KM MN

EXERCISE 8-02
1 a sinq = opposite adjacent b cos q = hypotenuse hypotenuse opposite c tanq = adjacent

Answers

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4 2 a i 5 5 b i 13 PR 3 a i PQ e b i d 3 ii 5 12 ii 13 RQ ii PQ f ii d iii 4 3 5 iii 12 PR iii QR e iii f

EXERCISE 8-04
1 tanb = opp adj 100 = 173 b  = 30.029 30 2 a A = 27 b L = 81 c z = 32 3 a 37 b 32 c 53 d 31 4 36 5 a 56 b 57 c 52 d 41 6 a 10 b 15

3 4 3 4 a sinq = b cosq = c tanq = 5 5 4 4 3 4 d sina = e cosa = f tana = 5 4 3 4 3 4 5 a i sinq = , cosq = , tanq = 5 5 3 3 4 3 ii sina = , cosa = , tana = 5 5 4 4 3 4 b i sinq = , cosq = , tanq = 5 5 3 3 4 3 ii sina = , cosa = , tana = 5 5 4 6 a y
x Q 17 Q 15

EXERCISE 8-05
1 a cosq 2 a b sinq c cosq d sinq opp hyp x sin43 = 7 7 sin43 = x x  = 4.773988 4.8 adj b cos59 = hyp z cos59 = 39 39 cos59 = z z  = 20.086485 20.1 3 a x = 10 units b y = 41 units c b = 150 m d q = 82 mm 4 a z = 50.0 units b x = 0.3 units c p = 586.7 units d r = 14.4 units 5  x = 10.25 m, y = 24.15 m (or 24.14 using the exact value of x), z = 58.10 m 6 0.5 km sinq =

c L

EXERCISE 8-03
1 opp adj y tan61 = 12 y tan61 12 = 12 12 12 tan61 = y y = 21.6485 = 21.6 2 a 12.60 units b y = 0.85 units c a = 57.09 units 3 a d = 2.5 cm b y = 3.8 mm c x = 160.3 m 4 a 6 m b 16 m 5 1.0 m tanq =

EXERCISE 8-06
1 a opp hyp 52 sin36 = h h sin36 = 52 52 h= sin36 = 88.4676  88.5 sinq =

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adj hyp 116 cos72 = h h cos72 = 116 116 h= cos72 = 375.38388  375 2 a 6.72 units b y = 157.25 units c w = 22.86 units 3 a u = 2.6 m b v = 17.6 cm c x = 22.9 mm 4 a 3 m b 13 cm c 20 m d 16 m cosq =

c i

ii

2 a 54 3 a 54 4 1.0 km 5 15.4 m 6 140 m 7 18

b 66 b 66

c 42 c 42

Skillbank 8
2 a 18 e $7.50 i $240 b $126 f 10.8 j $3.30 c 45 g $27 k 900 d $30.30 h 60 l $52.50

EXERCISE 8-07
1 a sinq = opp hyp 6 sinq = 8 q  = 48.5903 49 adj b cosa = hyp 7.8 cosa = 12.6 a  = 51.7533 52 2 a 44 b 12 c 33 d 35 e 40 f 42 3 a 45.0 b 48.4 c 0.6 4 a 10 b 3 5 CAD = 41

Practice test 8
1 1980 2 $8 3 a5 m 4 1000 5 58.5 6 a 2 7 3 : 1 8 0.7 9 J 8 10 17 11 C 12 A 13 B 14 D 15 B 16 C 17 D 18 A 19 C 20 B 21 D 22 A, B, C 23 a Q
54 25 cm

EXERCISE 8-08
1 a i ii

b i

ii

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b Q
r p

q c sin54 = p 24 a 41 c d = 1.57 m

d q = 20.2 b h = 1.8 m d 25

7  The teams cannot be assigned equal probabilities as they have different players with varying abilities, different coaches, etc. They would also have different game plans as a team, depending on their strengths and weaknesses. 1 1 1 1 b c d 8 a 13 4 2 26 3 7 12 e f g 13 13 13

Chapter 9
EXERCISE 9-01
1 a Impossible c Certain e Unlikely 2 (Sample answers)
unusual 0 hardly no way never BE A 0 G, F C 1 2

EXERCISE 9-03
1 a Tossing a coin and getting heads b  Picking a card that is not clubs from a deck of cards c  On a die, rolling a number less than or equal to 2 d From a bag, choosing a white or blue ball e Not coming first in a race f Losing or drawing a soccer match 2 2 a 1 P(less than or equal to 2) = 1 6 2 = 3 4 b 1 P(Jack) = 1 52 12 = 13 1 3 3 4 40% 5 0.99995 7 5 1 5 b c d 6 a 12 12 6 6 3 e 0 f 1 g h 1 4 7 22% 3 8 4 1 124 9 a b 125 125 10 a 0.4 b 0.6 c 0.7 d 1

b Even chance d Even chance f Likely

quite often

0.5 probably likely 1 not likely even chance always fair chance definitely D 1

3 (Sample answers)

4 (Sample answers) a 0.001 b It will snow in Darwin.

EXERCISE 9-02
1 i a {red, blue} b {red, blue, green} c {black, white} 1 1 ii a b c 0 2 3 2 a {yellow, red, green, black} 3 b green c 0.25 d 60% e 5 1 1 2 b c 3 a 6 3 3 4 a 25% b 6.25% c 37.5% d 68.75% 5 a D b A c B d C 1 1 5 2 b c d 6 a 26 13 26 13

EXERCISE 9-04
1 2 a 5 12 7 3 a 31 33 4 a i 200 11 25 3 b 8 9 b 31 c 7 12 12 c 31

1 ii 2

30 31 133 iii 200 d

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Skillbank 9
2 a Callum $4000, Sophia $3000 b Jai $110, Loretta $550 c Daniel $1200, Sabina $600 d Sara $1200, Dave $2000 e Tan $320, Jess $80 f Aaron $2100, Jude $600

5 a Teacher to check. b  Two heads can only occur once, whereas coins 1 and 2 could show H, T or T, H respectively.

Practice test 9
1 0.08 2 7.5 3 5 4 2m2 5 $3.40 6 1 : 200 7 Chord 12 8 5 9 m = 8 10 3 h 11 D 12 D 13 A 14 A 15 A 16 B 17 C 18 B 19 B 20 A 21 C, D 22 A, C, D 3 23 a 10

EXERCISE 9-05
1 1 3 1 2 4 b c d e f 10 2 10 2 5 5 2  Red, green and amber are not equally likely; traffic lights are red or green for longer periods than they are amber. 3 a 45% b 50% c conduct more coin tossing trials 4 50 times 1 1 9 5 a i ii iii 13 4 13 b Yes, if the card is the Ace of hearts. c  No, because P(heart) is greater than P(Ace); Sarah is about three times more likely to win than Becky. 6  Sample answer: (There must be 3 28 four numbers greater than 10 11 22 and one number 17 10 or less.) 7  Some students could be more popular than others and therefore would more likely be elected. 1 3 3 1 7 8 a b c d e 8 8 8 8 8 9 a  Each letter of each word is placed in the bag. This includes repeated letters (2 Es and 2 Ns). There are 10 letters in the sample space, not 8. 3 b 10 2 1 4 3 10 a b c d 7 7 7 7 1 a

1 4 c d 5 5 1 3 24 a 10 outcomes b c 5 5 d  There are 7 vowels and repeated letters: E, S, S, E, I, A, S. 7  This means the probability is , so Jack is 10 correct.

1 b 2

Chapter 10
EXERCISE 10-01
1 a (3, 5) 2 a 7.2 units b (2, 4) b 5 units c (1.5, 0.5) c 8.6 units

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3 a i M(5, 5)
y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 0 1

ii 40 units (or 210 units)

B

6 a

A P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

R 1 2 3 4 5 x

b i M(4, 4)
y 7 6 5 4 3 D 2 1 1 0 1

ii 68 units (or 417 units)

b PQ = QR = 34 units, PR = 6 units c Isosceles d 17.66 units

3 2 1 0 1

EXERCISE 10-02
F

1 Sample answers: a b 2 a Increasing c Increasing 3 3 a b 2 5 4 a 0 b 2 5 a GH and JK 1 5 b 6 a 2 3 7 a 2 b 4

c b Horizontal d Decreasing 5 c 1 d 9 c 1 d 2 e 2 b They are parallel. 1 c 1 d 3 1 c 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

c i M(2, 1)
F y 6 5 4 3 2 1

ii 128 (or 82 units)

EXERCISE 10-03
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

4 a It is a horizontal line. b M(5.5, 1) c 5 units

y 2 1 1 0 1 P Q

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4

1 a i ii

x y

0 1
y 3 2 1

1 2

2 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

5 a (2, 1) d (4.5, 1) g (5, 1)

iii 1

3 2 1 0 1 2 3

1 2 3 x

iv 1

b (2.5, 1.5) c (1, 0) e (3.5, 2) f (3, 5) h (0.5, 1.5) i (6, 4.5)

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 b i

x y

0 0
y 3 2 1

1 1 2

2 1

f i ii

x y

1 2.5

0 3

1 3.5
y 4 3 2 1

ii

iii 0 c i x y ii

3 2 1 0 1 2 3

1 2 3 x

iv 0 0 1
y 3 2 1

iii 6 2 a y-intercept = 4

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2

1 x

iv 3
y 5 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 2 3 x y 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 1 2 x

1 0

2 1

iii 1 d i x y ii

3 2 1 0 1 2 3

1 2 3 x

b y-intercept = 0

iv 1 1 2
y 5 4 3 2 1

0 4

1 6 c y-intercept = 6

y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 2 3 x

iii 2 e i x y ii

3 2 1 0 1

1 2 3 x

iv 4 1 4
y 4 3 2 1

0 3

1 2

3 No 4 Yes 5 a Yes b No 6 (1, 1), (0, 2), (2, 4)

c Yes

EXERCISE 10-04
1 2 3 4 x

iii 3

2 1 0 1 2

1 a D 2 a x = 3

b B b x = 2

c A c y = 4

d C d y = 5

iv 3

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3 c
y 6 5 4 3 2 1

2 a

b d 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

y 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

y = 2x + 3 y = 1x + 3 2

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

1 2 3 4 5 6 x

y = 3 3x

4 a x = 3 5 a y = 6 e x = 2 6 (1, 3)

b x = 1 b x = 7

c y = 3 c x = 0

d y = 5 d y = 2

EXERCISE 10-05
1 a
y 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 y=x+2 y=x

y=x3 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

b They have the same y-intercept. c 3 3 a y-intercept b gradient c parallel d positive e negative 4 a Gradient = 3, y-intercept = 2 1 b Gradient = , y-intercept = 1 4 c Gradient = 1, y-intercept = 8 1 d Gradient = , y-intercept = 0 2 5 a C b D c A d B 6 a B b A c D d C 7 a B and C b A and B, C and D c A, B and C d D

EXERCISE 10-06
1 a y = x + 1 b y = x + 3 d y = x 2 e y = 2x + 1 2 a i x 0 1 2 y ii y = 3x b i x y 0 0 2 3 1 3 6 2 4 c y = 2x f y = 5 x

b  They all have the same gradient; they are parallel. c 1

ii y = x + 2 3 Gradient = 3, y-intercept = 4 4 a y = 4x + 1 b y = 6 x c y = 2x 3 1 d y = x 2 3 5 a 4 b 2 c y = 2x 4

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EXERCISE 10-07
1 a Point of intersection: (3, 4)
y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 y = 2x 2 y=x+1

d Point of intersection: (4, 3)

y 8 6 4 2 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

y = 3x 9

2 4 6 8 10 x x+y=7

1 2 3 4 5 x

b Point of intersection: (5, 0)

y 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 x

y=x+5

2 a  RHS = 7 1 = 6 = LHS \ (1, 6) satisfies y = 7 x  RHS = 2 1 + 4 = 6 = LHS \ (1, 6) satisfies y = 2x + 4 b (1, 6) 3  RHS = 3 1 10 = 7 = LHS LHS = 1 + 7 = 6 = RHS \ point of intersection is (1, 7) 4  Coordinates of vertices: (4, 3), (4, 5) and (8, 1)
y 8 6 4 2 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 x=4 y=x9 2 4 6 8 10 x x+y=7

c Point of intersection: (1, 2)

y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 y = 2x

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 y = x 5 4 5 6

5 a Parallelogram b (5, 2), (1, 6), (7, 2), (3, 6)

y 8 6 4 2 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 y=x+7 xy=9 2 4 6 8 10 x y=5x

1 2 3 4 5 x y=3x

y = x 3

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EXERCISE 10-08
1 a 1 1 1 x 3 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 y 10 5 2 1 4 4
y 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 y 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 y = x2 + 1

c 2 3

5 10

y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1

y = x2 x

1 2 3 4 x

3 a When x = 2, y = 22 =

1 2 3 4 x

1 4 1 When x = 1, y = 21 = 2 When x = 0, y = 20 = 1 When x = 1, y = 21 = 2 When x = 2, y = 22 = 4 When x = 3, y = 23 = 8 x y 3 1 8 2 1 4

y 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 y 30 25 20 15 10 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

2 a

1 1 2

0 1

1 2

2 4

3 8

b
y= x2 3

y = 2x

1 2 3 4 x

1 2 3 4 x

y = x2 1

4 a

y = x3

1 2 3 4 x

1 2 3 4 x

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y 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 y 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 y 4 3 2 1 1 0 1 2 3 4

Practice test 10
y = 3x

1 $9 2 n = 4 y 3

4 3 2 1

x=2

1 2 3 4 x

2 y=x

1 2 3 4 x

4 18 5 30 m 6 3 7 3 8 x > 5 9 AB = 5 units

1 0 1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 x

y 3 2 1

y= x

1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x 1 2 A 3

10 m =
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x

5 RHS = 22 + 3 = 7 = LHS \ (2, 7) lies on line 1 6  RHS = (4)2 = 8 = LHS 2 \ (4, 8) lies on line

Skillbank 10
2 a 160 f 220 4 a 18 f 32 b 70 g 60 b 34 g 52 c 240 h 120 c 46 h 66 d 130 i 320 d 24 i 36 e 80 e 16

11 A 12 C 13 B 14 C 15 B 16 D 17 C 18 C 19 B 20 D 21 B, C, D 22 A, C 23 a For y = x 1, RHS = 1 1 = 2 = LHS For y = 2x, RHS = 2 1 = 2 = LHS \ P(1, 2) satisfies both equations b (1, 2) c y = 2 d 0 1 1 24 a 1 2 3 x 3 2 1 0 2 2 3 3 0 3 8 y 8 3 0 1 4 4

3 4

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b
y 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 y = x2 1

1 2 3 4 x

c 1

d 1, 1

Practice exams
PRACTICE EXAM 1
1 1.5 2 0.000082 29 3 9 4

1 5 x = 3 2 6 $70 7 6 2 8 7 9 Sample answer: 4 2 + 1 = 3 16 10 25 11 22 m 12 $4.80 13 4 102 = 0.04 14 $170 15 Stem Leaf 0 7 1 4 5 2 0 3 3 8 3 0 16  Sample answer: 7, 15 (Any new score that is old score plus 8)

17 4 and 5 18 110 19 $800 20 It is certain. It must occur. 21 10 households 22 2.7 TV sets 23 60 cm2 5 24 2p 25  Sample answer: 10, 9, 2 (Any three values with a product of 180) 26 C 27 C 28 B 29 C 30 B 31 C 32 C 33 D 34 C 35 D 36 D 37 B 38 C 39 D 40 C 41 B 42 B 43 B 44 C 45 C 46 A 47 A 48 B 49 A 50 A 51 B 52 D 53 A 54 A 55 D 56 B 57 B 58 C 59 D 60 D 61 C 62 D

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 3 B 6 64 C 65 C 66 B 67 B 68 B 69 B 70 B 71 A 72 D 73 C 74 B 75 D 76 a Correct c Correct 77 a Correct c Correct 78 a Incorrect c Correct 79 a Correct c Incorrect 80 a Incorrect c Correct 81 a 16 outcomes c 75 times 82 a y = 2x 10 c 18 years old 83 a 97 m b

b Incorrect d Incorrect b Incorrect d Correct b Incorrect d Correct b Incorrect d Correct b Correct d Correct 1 3 b i ii 4 4

8 20 cats 9 4 10 18 cm2 11 8, 13 12 $3630 13 31x + 26 14 80 15 21 16 30% 17 160 red marbles 18 $17.50 19 y = 75 20 9q(p 4q) 21 630 22
3 cm 3 cm

4 cm 5 cm 3 cm 5 cm

3 cm

iii

15 16

b i $14 ii $20 d 6 years old

132 m

117 m

Q c 62 84 a 3 b M(4, 2) c RHS = 2 4 + 6 = 8 + 6 = 2 = y = LHS d (8, 4) e QR = 8.9 units

PRACTICE EXAM 2
1 2.15 2 6.71 106 3 24 cm 4 32 5 90 cm3 1 6 1 6 7 a = 7

23  A wage is based on the number of hours worked. A salary is a fixed amount earned peryear. 24 y = 6x 1 25 Teacher to check. 26 B 27 C 28 C 29 B 30 C 31 A 32 D 33 B 34 D 35 C 36 B 37 D 38 A 39 A 40 A 41 A 42 C 43 B

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4 A 4 45 D 46 A 47 A 48 D 49 D 50 C 51 A 52 A 53 D 54 D 55 D 56 A 57 A 58 B 59 A 60 C 61 A 62 D 63 B 64 D 65 D 66 B 67 D 68 B 69 B 70 C 71 D 72 B 73 C 74 C 75 B 76 a Correct c Correct 77 a Correct c Correct 78 a Incorrect c Incorrect 79 a Incorrect c Incorrect 80 a Correct c Incorrect 81 a 87 m b
30 angle of depression

cliff

30 150 m

c  97 m (or 96 m using exact cliff height) 82 a Kits sold, x Total earnings, y b

y 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0 5

1 7

2 9

11 13

y = 5 + 2x

b Correct d Correct b Incorrect d Incorrect b Incorrect d Correct b Incorrect d Correct b Correct d Incorrect

c 5 d $29 e 35 first aid kits 1 1 b 55 times c 83 a 8 9 d  Conduct more trials (roll the dice more times). 84 a BEC b EDC = 45 1 c  12.5 cm2 (b = h = 5 cm, A = bh), 50 cm2 2  (four congruent triangles make up the square) d 50 cm (or 52 cm), 50 cm2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

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