Drainage from Tank with uniform c

Indicates Compulsory required input Indicates Assumption Indicates Auto-calculated result

Diametre of Cylindrical Tank (metres) Volume of Tank (litres) Diametre of Hole in the base of the tank (centimetres) Discharge Coefficient 'Cd' Assumed Drainage % Time taken for Drainage (minutes)

1 1000 2 0.6 100 35.38

Notes:

1. In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient "Cd" is the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same e 2. The discharge coefficient "Cd" is a function of the jet size or orifice opening

3. The discharge coefficient "Cd" of an orifice opening varies considerably with changes in area ratio and the Reyn

4. A discharge coefficient Cd = 0.60 may be taken as standard, but the value varies noticeably at low values of th

where

D2 = inside diameter of orifice (hole)

D1 = upstream and downstream pipe diameter

5. Cd is assumed to be 0.6 in these calculations 6. 100% Drainage implies complete drainage

with uniform cross-section

An unsteady state mass balance on the tank for no inflow of liquid relates the rate of flow from the tank through the orifice to the change of capacity of the tank

Rearranging, the time taken for tank drainage from a head H1 to H2 can be found by integration

flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle. conditions to the same exit pressures

n area ratio and the Reynolds number.

ceably at low values of the Reynolds number as follows:

eam pipe diameter

1 inch = 1 ft = 1 US gallon = 1 cubic feet =

2.54 cm = 30.48 cm = 3.785412 litres 28.31685 litres

0.0254 m 0.3048 m

Indicates required input Indicates auto-calculated result

A a V H1 H2 g t

0.785398 m2 0.000314 m2 1 m3 1.27324 m 0m 9.8125 m/sq2 2122.604 s