Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Activity 1: Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion) Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz

Results You scored 75% by answering 3 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. The driving force for diffusion is You correctly answered: b. the kinetic energy of the molecules in motion. 2. In diffusion, molecules move You correctly answered: a. from high concentration to low concentration. 3. Which of the following dialysis membranes has the largest pore size? You correctly answered: d. 200 MWCO 4. Avogadro's number is a constant for the number of Your answer : d. atoms. Correct answer: b. molecules.

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Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question 1: The molecular weight of urea is 60.07. Do you think urea will diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? Your answer : a. Yes, but very slowly. Predict Question 2: Recall that glucose is a monosaccharide, albumin is a protein with 607 amino acids, and the average molecular weight of a single amino acid is 135 g/mole. Which of the following will be able to diffuse through the 200 MWCO membrane? Your answer : b. both glucose and albumin Stop & Think Questions: The reason sodium chloride didn't diffuse left to right is that You correctly answered: c. the membrane pore size was too small. Glucose is a six-carbon sugar. Albumin is a protein with 607 amino acids. The average molecular weight of a single amino acid is 135 g/mole. There is no reason to run these solutes at the 20 MWCO because You correctly answered: d. glucose and albumin are both too large to pass. The rate of diffusion for urea You correctly answered: b. is slower than that for sodium because urea is a larger molecule. Experiment Data: Solute Na+ ClUrea Na+ ClNa+ ClNa+ ClUrea Glucose Albumin MWCO 20 20 50 50 100 100 200 200 Solute Concentration 9.00 9.00 9.00 18.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 Average Diffusion Rate 0.0000 0.0000 0.0150 0.0300 0.0150 0.0094 0.0040 0.0000

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Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. The effect of increasing the concentration of sodium chloride from 9 mM to 18 mM in the left beaker was to You correctly answered: b. increase the rate of diffusion. 2. Describe the difference between the rate of diffusion seen for sodium and urea. You correctly answered: c. Urea diffused more slowly because it is larger than sodium. 3. Which of the following solutes did not pass through any of the membranes? You correctly answered: b. albumin 4. When diffusion stops, we say the solution has reached You correctly answered: a. equilibrium.

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Review Sheet Results 1. Describe two variables that affect the rate of diffusion. Your answer: Membrane permeability and solute concentration affect the rate of diffusion. Higher solute concentration on one end of the concentration gradient will accelerate the rate of diffusion. Membrane permeability is important because the size of the membrane pores will determine which particles can pass. 2. Why do you think the urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: Urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane because the pores were not large enough for urea to pass through. This differs considerably from my prediction, where I said the urea would pass through slowly. 3. Describe the results of the attempts to diffuse glucose and albumin through the 200 MWCO membrane. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: Glucose was able to diffuse through the 200 MWCO but albumin was not able to because it was much too large. My prediction was half correct, I was incorrect in thinking that albumin would be able to diffuse. 4. Put the following in order from smallest to largest molecular weight: glucose, sodium chloride, albumin, and urea. Your answer: Sodium chloride, urea, glucose, albumin.

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