APWH Ch. 13-15 Test Review Chapter 13 The Commonwealth of Byzantium 1.

According to Procopius, two sixth century Christian monks undertook an elaborate smuggling operation to provide Byzantium with the knowledge to produce A. Steel B. Iron C. Ceramics D. Silk 2. A. B. C. D. 3. A. B. C. D. 4. A. B. C. D. 5. A. B. C. D. 6. A. B. C. D. 7. A. B. C. D. 8. A. B. C. D. 9. A. B. C. The only classical society that survived in the centuries after 200 C.E. was the Han dynasty Byzantine Empire Hellenistic Empire Mauryan dynasty Byzantium's major advantage was Its position as the greatest trading center of the Greek world Its huge army Its strategic position on the Bosporus Its magnificent library, which contained the cultural treasures of the Hellenistic world Which of the following statements about Constantinople is not true? It was built in an attempt to revitalize the impoverished eastern half of the Roman Empire It was constructed by Constantine It allowed the imperial court to keep watch on the Sasanid Empire in Persia It was built because the eastern half was the wealthier and more productive part of the empire Which part of the Mediterranean basin was never part of the Byzantine Empire? Anatolia Greece Italy Arabia Up through the eighth century, the chief foreign threat to the eastern Roman Empire was The resurgence of power by the Ptolemies in Egypt The Germanic tribes The Guptas in India The Sasanid emperors The most important political feature of the Byzantine state was Its docile acceptance of Rome's superiority Its republican governmental structure that resembled early Rome Its tightly centralized rule under a powerful emperor Its division of power under the tetrarchs The mixture of secular and religious authority that marked Constantine's reign as well as that of the Byzantine emperors is known as Byzantine Caesaropapism Corpus iuris civilis Secularism Historians use the term caesaropapism to refer to The European struggle between church and state The split between the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches The attempt by later Roman emperors to abolish the papacy

D. 10. A. B. C. D. 11. A. B. C. D. 12. A. B. C. D. 13. A. B. C. D. 14. A. B. C. D. 15. A. B. C. D. 16. A. B. C. D. 17. A. B. C. D. 18. A. B. C.

The system in which the emperor has a mixture of political and religious authority The adjective byzantine, drawn from the government of Byzantium, stands for An immensely powerful imperial system A legalistic tradition Divine sanction Unnecessary complexity and convolution Theodora's career before marrying Justinian was as a Mother superior in a nunnery Lady in waiting at the central court because of her family connections Church cleric, one of the few women to hold this position Striptease artist Hagia Sophia was The wife of Justinian, who proved to be a wise adviser The magnificent church at Constantinople The legal foundation for Justinian's Code Justinian's most dangerous political enemy Justinian's most important and long-lasting political achievement was His reconquest of the western half of the Roman Empire His democratic reforms His religious compromise between the Roman Catholic and the Greek Orthodox churches His codification of Roman law Justinian's issuance of the Corpus iuris civilis Won recognition as the definitive codification of Roman law Outlawed the Greens and Blues Brought immediate excommunication from the pope Inspired the First Crusade Italy, Sicily, northwestern Africa, and southern Spain were brought back under imperial control by the military victories of Theodora Belisarius Basil II Charlemagne Constantinople withstood sieges in 674-678 and 717-718 by The Sasanids The Gauls The Russians Arabic forces One of the causes of Byzantine resurgence was the political innovation wherein a general was given military and civil control over an imperial province or Theme Sasanid Corpus Satrapy The Byzantine ruler who led a resurgence of power in the eleventh century by crushing the Bulgars was Theodora Belisarius Basil II

D. 19. A. B. C. D. 20. A. B. C. D. 21. A. B. C. D. 22. A. B. C. D. 23. A. B. C. D. 24. A. B. C. D. 25. A. B. C. D. 26. A. B. C. D. 27. A. B. C. D.

Justinian The term Greek fire refers to The devastating fire that swept through Constantinople in 1013 The passionate Byzantine loyalty to Greek philosophy The smallpox epidemic that hit Constantinople in the twelfth century The Byzantine incendiary weapon Basil II crushed the Bulgars in 1014 at the Battle of Manzikert Kleidion Constantinople Kerbala The wife of Justinian, who proved to be an invaluable adviser, was Belisarius Livia Hagia Sophia Theodora A direct challenge to the Byzantine emperor arose in the year 800 when the pope gave an imperial crown to the Frankish king, Otto of Saxony Charlemagne Basil II Cyril In the year 962, Otto of Saxony Accepted the sovereignty of the Byzantine emperors Created a written alphabet for the Slavic people Expanded the scope of Byzantine influence by translating Justinian's code into German Claimed to rule as emperor of the old western half of the Roman Empire The theme system Weakened the peasantry by taking their land away Made land available to the peasants in return for military service Led to the break between the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches Limited the religious authority of the Byzantine emperors By the late sixth century, Byzantium became the Mediterranean world's leading producer of Silk Cotton Tobacco Gold The bezant Was the hereditary line of priests that dominated the Byzantine religious and social worlds Headed the Byzantine banking industry Was the Byzantine gold coin that became the standard currency in the Mediterranean basin Was one of the two main factions inside Constantinople From the sixth century on, the official language of Constantinople was Latin Turkish Aramaic Greek

28. A. B. C. D. 29. A. B. C. D. 30. A. B. C. D. 31. A. B. C. D. 32. A. B. C. D. 33. A. B. C. D. 34. A. B. C. D. 35. A. B. C. D. 36. A. B. C. D.

The main factions during Justinian's time who contested in the Hippodrome and who occasionally fought in the streets were The Greens and Blues The Greeks and Romans The Greeks and Turks The Bezant and Theme Which of the following describes education in Byzantium? Byzantium fell far short of the standards set in the western half of the empire Basic literacy was widespread in Byzantine society Byzantium struggled because of the lack of a written language Only the members of the central court could read and write In 325 C.E., in an effort to answer the Arians, Constantine brought together leading churchmen at the Council of Constantinople Rome Nicaea Antioch The Alexandrian priest, Arius, leader of the Arians, believed that Jesus had been a mortal human being Jesus was a mythological person created to represent certain basic church teachings Jesus's nature was a solely divine one Jesus possessed fully human and fully divine natures Emperor Leo III inaugurated the divisive ecclesiastical policy of Caesaropapism Iconoclasm Insisting that the patriarch of Constantinople was superior to the pope in Rome Venerating religious icons Which of the following was the first and most famous of the "pillar saints"? St. Basil St. Simeon Stylite St. Augustine St. Ignatius St. Basil of Caesarea Played a key role in the rise of monasticism Excommunicated the pope and began the split inside Catholicism Worked out a compromise between the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches Began the movement known as iconoclasm In 1054 the pope in Rome and the patriarch in Constantinople Met at the Council of Milan to settle old differences Mutually excommunicated each other Agreed on a joint plan to bring Christianity to Russia Jointly called for a new crusade The Fourth Crusade, in early 1204, Recaptured Jerusalem from the Muslims Suffered a disastrous defeat at the gates of Jerusalem Is also known as the "children's crusade." Sacked Constantinople and caused extreme harm to the Byzantine Empire

37. A. B. C. D. 38. A. B. C. D. 39. A. B. C. D. 40. A. B. C. D. 41. A. B. C. D. 42. A. B. C. D. 43. A. B. C. D. 44. A. B. C. D.

In a disaster from which the Byzantine Empire never really recovered, Constantinople was sacked in 1204 by the Fourth Crusade Saljuq Turks Ottoman Turks Sasanids In 1071, Byzantium lost the Battle of Manzikert and control over Anatolia to the Saljuq Arabs Ottoman Turks Bulgars The Byzantine Empire suffered a devastating loss to the Saljuqs in 1071 at the Battle of Kleidon Actium Manzikert Constantinople Constantinople finally fell in 1453 to the Saljuq Turks Sasanids Mongols Ottoman Turks Saints Methodius and Cyril Converted the Slavic lands to Roman Catholicism Devised the Cyrillic alphabet Were responsible for a compromise between the Roman Catholic and Russia Orthodox churches Died while on a mission to spread the faith to Africa What city, influenced heavily by Constantinople, was most important in the early rise of Russia? Moscow St. Petersburg Kiev Moravia The rise of Orthodox Christianity in Russia was helped by the conversion in 989 of Prince Vladimir Peter the Great Justinian Ivan III By the sixteenth century, Russians had begun to think of Moscow as The most important trading center in eastern Europe The mightiest military center in the world The third Rome The last true bastion of Roman Catholicism

Chapter 14 The Expansive Realm of Islam 45. The Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca is known as the A. Hajj B. Hijra C. Gadis D. Sharia 46. The term Islam means

A. B. C. D. 47. A. B. C. D. 48. A. B. C. D. 49. A. B. C. D. 50. A. B. C. D. 51. A. B. C. D. 52. A. B. C. D. 53. A. B. C. D. 54. A. B. C. D. 55. A. B.

"Allah is great." "Devotion to the rule of life." "Submission." "Allah desires for you what is easy, not what is hard." The phrase, "one who has submitted," is the meaning of the term Jain Christian Hindu Muslim The phrase dar al-Islam means "Victory of god." "Conquest of Islam." "Warrior of Islam." "House of Islam." In 595, Muhammad married a wealthy widow named Ibn Rushd Khadija Sufi Sharia The Quran Is the holy book of Islam Were the priests who watched over the Ka'ba Was Muhammad's journey to Yathrib Is the law code of Islam The turning point in the rise of Islam was Muhammad's pilgrimage to Istanbul The rise of the Umayyad dynasty The conquest of Egypt The hijra The Islamic holy law was known as the Umma Sharia Ulama Gadis No religious leader could follow Muhammad, so political authority rested in the position of the Ulama Caliph Hajj Sultan After the death of Muhammad, political leadership fell to a caliph by the name of Abu Bakr Ali Abu al-Abbas Harun al-Rashid The Shia believed that The Umayyad dynasty were the only legitimate rulers The caliphate should follow the line of Ali

C. D. 56. A. B. C. D. 57. A. B. C. D. 58. A. B. C. D. 59. A. B. C. D. 60. A. B. C. D. 61. A. B. C. D. 62. A. B. C. D. 63. A. B. C. D. 64. A. B. C.

That Allah was the main, but not necessarily the only, god Leadership in the Islamic world could fall to any true believer The main split inside Islam was between Sunni and Ulama Gadis Shia Umayyads After the assassination of Ali, power fell to The Umayyad dynasty The Saljuq Turks The Abbasid dynasty The Byzantine Empire The victorious Arabic armies of the Umayyad dynasty Forced the conquered peoples to convert to Islam Allowed the conquered peoples to practice their own religions Opened up positions of authority to non-Muslims Restricted the jizya to practicing Muslims The Umayyad insisted that conquered people pay a special head tax if they did not convert to Islam. This head tax was called the Sakk Ulama Hajj Jizya The founder of the Abbasid dynasty was Harun al-Rashid Ali Abu al-Abbas Al-Ghazali The Abbasid dynasty differed from the Umayyad dynasty in that It was not a conquering dynasty It was much less cosmopolitan than its predecessor was It conquered a much larger territory than its predecessor did It stressed the Shia sect of Islam The capital of the Abbasid Empire was Damascus Istanbul Mecca Baghdad The word ulama refers to "The house of Islam." "Holy war." "People with religious knowledge." "The community of Allah." During the last two hundred years of the Abbasid Empire, it fell under the control of the Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turkish Empire Sasanids

D. 65. A. B. C. D. 66. A. B. C. D. 67. A. B. C. D. 68. A. B. C. D. 69. A. B. C. D. 70. A. B. C. D. 71. A. B. C. D. 72. A. B. C. D. 73. A. B. C. D.

Saljuq Turks The Abbasid dynasty finally came to an end in 1258, when it was overrun by the Mongols Ottoman Turks Saljuq Turks Byzantines What new industry, transmitted to the Islamic world from China, was introduced during the Abbasid period? Steel production Paper manufacture Bronze production Textile production Caravanserais were Islamic thinkers who stressed a more emotional connection to Allah Islamic officials Inns offering food and lodging for traveling merchants Heretical Muslims who practiced polytheism Islamic banks honored letters of credit, which could be drawn on the parent bank, known as Sakk Gadis Ka'ba Sufis The Quran, following the example of Muhammad, allowed men to have up to how many wives? One Two Four Seven How did the conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia influence the role of women in the Islamic world? Female infanticide was declared illegal Islamic society became much less patriarchal Polygamy was outlawed Islamic society became more patriarchal In an effort to recruit learned students, Islamic leaders often financially supported institutions of higher learning called Madrasas Sufis Dar al-Islam Umma The Sufis believed In reconciling the spiritual and rational worlds That they, and not the Umayyads, were the legitimate rulers of the Islamic world In an emotional and mystical union with Allah That the leadership of the Islamic world had to pass through the line of Ali The Persian influence on Islam is best seen in Treatises on mathematics Works calling for greater equality for women Literary works Mythology

74. A. B. C. D. 75. A. B. C. D. 76. A. B. C. D. 77. A. B. C. D. 78. A. B. C. D. 79. A. B. C. D.

The other name for the collection of stories known as The Arabian Nights is The Rubaiyat The Romance of the Three Kingdoms The Thousand and One Nights The Quran The main Indian influence on Islamic thought was in the field of Mathematics Mythology Poetry History Arabic numbers actually had their origin in India China Persia Egypt From which region did the Muslims adopt their numerals? Persia Greece India Arabia The Islamic thinker who studied Aristotle and whose thought, in turn, influenced the rise of European scholasticism was Omar Khayyam Ibn Rushd Ali Al-Ghazali The main influence on the thought of Ibn Rushd was Muhammad Confucius Abu al-Abbas Aristotle

Chapter 15 The Resurgence of Empire in East Asia 80. The Chinese Buddhist monk, Xuanzang, was famous for A. Traveling to Constantinople as an envoy of the Sui emperors B. His conversion to Nestorian Christianity C. Traveling to India to collect Buddhist texts D. Starting a new sect of Buddhism called Chan 81. A. B. C. D. 82. A. B. C. D. The Sui dynasty was founded in 589 by Yang Jian Qin Shihuangdi Tang Taizong Song Taizu The greatest contribution of Sui Yangdi, the second Sui emperor, was A series of reforms that allowed the Sui to survive for another three-hundred years The construction of the Grand Canal His conversion to Buddhism His conquest of Vietnam

83. A. B. C. D. 84. A. B. C. D. 85. A. B. C. D. 86. A. B. C. D. 87. A. B. C. D. 88. A. B. C. D. 89. A. B. C. D. 90. A. B. C. D. 91. A. B. C. D.

The Sui construction of which of these items would have important economic implications well into the twentieth century? Grand Canal Great Wall First printing press Modern banking industry The Grand Canal stretched from what city in the south to what city in the west? Beijing to Nanjing Chang'an to Nanjing Hangzhou to Chang'an Nanjing to Chang'an The success of the Tang dynasty was due to its energetic second ruler. Who was he? Yang Jian Song Taizu Qin Shihuangdi Tang Taizong The Tang plan to avoid the concentration of land in the hands of the wealthy was called the Hangzhou system Tang Taizong system Kowtow system Equal-field system During the Tang dynasty, the imperial civil service examinations Declined dramatically in importance Were expanded, allowing posts to be filled with officials of genuine intellectual ability Were halted and not restarted until the Ming dynasty Were restricted to the wealthier families During the Tang dynasty, Powerful neighbors kept the Chinese from expanding Most of far western China fell to barbarian tribes Japan was brought under complete Chinese control Chinese armies pushed into Korea, Manchuria, Tibet, and northern Vietnam The kowtow Was the "south-pointing needle." Was the most popular school of Buddhism in China Was a ritual prostration Was the word that neo-Confucian scholars used when discussing physical matter In 757, the Tang emperors were forced to invite the Turkish Uighurs to bring an army into China and suppress a rebellion by Zhu Xi An Lushan Song Taizu Huang Chao The founder of the Song dynasty was Song Wudi Huang Chao Song Taizu Tang Taizung

92. A. B. C. D. 93. A. B. C. D. 94. A. B. C. D. 95. A. B. C. D. 96. A. B. C. D. 97. A. B. C. D. 98. A. B. C. D. 99. A. B. C. D. 100. A. B. C. D.

The Song dynasty was substantially weakened by Song Taizu's decision to Invade India Allow scholar bureaucrats to lead the army Dismantle the Chinese bureaucracy Give his generals almost unlimited authority In 1279, the Song dynasty finally fell to the Mongols Manchus Khitan Uighurs The most important new crop introduced into China during the Tang and Song periods was Cotton Fast-ripening rice Indigo Oranges Foot binding is probably the best example of The technological brilliance of the Song dynasty The influence of Buddhist customs as the religion became popular in China The increasingly patriarchal nature of Chinese society The influence of Japanese traditions on the Chinese The most influential Chinese, naval, technological innovation was the Use of rudders Magnetic compass Triangular sail Shipboard cannon What alleviated the shortage of copper coins during the Song and Tang periods? Sakks Letters of credit Letters of transit Checks In 1024, The Song emperors outlawed the printing of paper money by anyone The Song emperors transferred the printing of paper money from governmental to private control The Chinese economy collapsed because of inflation caused by the printing of paper money The first paper money, printed under government auspices, appeared Dunhuang in western China Was the capital of the Tang dynasty Contained an early Buddhist community Served as the capital of the early Song dynasty Was the first area that fell to the advancing Mongols In an effort to win support in China by tying in to Chinese traditions, Buddhist missionaries translated the Indian term dharma as Wuwei Sui Dao Nalanda

101. A. B. C. D. 102. A. B. C. D. 103. A. B. C. D. 104. A. B. C. D. 105. A. B. C. D. 106. A. B. C. D. 107. A. B. C. D. 108. A. B. C. D. 109. A. B. C. D. 110.

One of the more popular schools of Buddhism in China was Xuanzang Buddhism Tang Buddhism Hinayana Buddhism Chan Buddhism Japanese Zen Buddhism is based on Chan Buddhism Pure Land Buddhism Kusha Buddhism Mani Buddhism In the 840s, Tang emperors Made Buddhism the favored religion of the central court Officially favored the Manichaeans instead of the Buddhists Converted to Buddhism but didn't force the spread of the religion Ordered the closure of monasteries and the expulsion of Buddhists The Silla dynasty in Korea copied China in many ways, but never Adopted Confucian thought Converted to Buddhism Formed a tributary relationship with China Established a bureaucracy based on merit In the seventh century C.E., the Tang dynasty agreed to a political compromise with the Korean __________ dynasty. Silla Kamakura Sui Nara In regard to their relationship with China, the Viet people Revolted against the Tang and won their independence Were not influenced by Chinese thought Gladly accepted the tributary status in order to gain access to Chinese markets Copied Confucianism but never converted to Buddhism In relation to Chinese traditions and influences, Vietnamese women Were forced to accept foot binding Played a more prominent role in society and the economy Had far fewer rights than Chinese women Were excluded from the local marketplaces The native religion of Japan is Hinduism Buddhism Shintoism Daoism Chinese influence on Japan was most profound during the Kamakura shogunate Heian period Nara period Muromachi shogunate The Japanese city of Nara was a copy of the Tang capital of

A. B. C. D. 111. A. B. C. D. 112. A. B. C. D. 113. A. B. C. D. 114. A. B. C. D.

Beijing Chang'an Hangzhou Nanjing In 1185 the Minamoto clan defeated their rival the Taira clan and Restored power in the hands of the emperor Established the Muromachi shogunate Established the Minamoto shogunate Established the Kamakura shogunate Which of the following refers to a mounted warrior? Shogun Samurai Shinto Heian The cultural development of Heian Japan reflects Vietnam Korea India China What was the title of the military governor who ruled in place of the Japanese emperor? Shogun Samurai Kamakazi Shinto

ANSWER KEY CH 13 CH 14 1. D 45. 2. B 46. 3. C 47. 4. A 48. 5. D 49. 6. D 50. 7. C 51. 8. B 52. 9. D 53. 10. D 54. 11. D 55. 12. B 56. 13. D 57. 14. A 58. 15. B 59. 16. D 60. 17. A 61. 18. C 62. 19. D 63. 20. B 64. 21. D 65. 22. B 66. 23. D 67. 24. B 68. 25. A 69.

A C D D B A D B B A B C A B D C A D C D A B C A C

CH 15 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104.

C A B A C D D B D C B C B A B C B B D B C D A D D

26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44.

C D A B C A B B A B D A A C D B C A C

70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79.

D A C C C A A C B D

105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114.

A A B C C B D B D A