6

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1.

The _____ are a group of disorders in which people experience significant physical symptoms for which there is no apparent organic cause. A. dissociative disorders B. psychotic disorders C. adjustment disorders D. somatoform disorders Which of the following represents one of the difficulties in diagnosing somatoform disorders? A. The person is probably faking the symptoms B. The person has difficulty pinpointing the physical discomfort C. The person may have a real physical problem that is difficult to detect D. The person does not consciously produce or control the symptoms When a woman believes she is pregnant but physical examination and laboratory tests show negative results this syndrome is called _____. A. psuedocyesis B. misconception syndrome C. psuedoexpectancy D. miscarriage Bethany has hypertension. Her friends call her a worrier. Her worrying impacts her hypertension. Bethany is most likely experiencing a(n) _____. A. psychosomatic disorder B. somatoform disorder C. dissociative disorder D. acute stress disorder Jonathan pretended to have a stomachache to avoid taking his algebra test. By faking his symptoms, Jonathan is engaging in _____. A. proxies B. somatization C. malingering D. factitiousness According to the findings of a survey study conducted by researcher Colin Ross involving over a thousand Canadians from the general community, which of the following is the most common dissociative experience? A. Not recognizing one's reflection B. Missing part of a conversation C. Hearing voices in your head D. Talking out loud to oneself when alone Somatoform and dissociative disorders are considered by some theorists to be the result of a psychological process known as _____, in which different parts of an individual's identity, memories, or consciousness become split off from one another. A. dissolution B. disintegration C. degeneration D. dissociation

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Daydreaming is considered to be a mild _____ experience. A. somatization B. dissociative C. depersonalization D. existential Sue has been up for 48 hours with her injured child. The family was in a car accident, and the child was seriously injured. Sue had an episode where she did not recognize her face in the mirror. Most likely, Sue had a(n) _____ experience. A. existential B. dissociative C. conversion D. somatization

9.

10. Which of the following are probably the most common causes of dissociation? A. Fatigue and stress B. Obsessive-compulsive behaviors C. Diminished intellectual functioning D. Childhood traumatic experiences 11. Factitious disorders are also referred to as _____. A. Korsakoff's syndrome B. Down's syndrome C. Munchhausen's syndrome D. Tourette's syndrome 12. Mary created an illness in her younger daughter to draw attention to herself. This is known as a _____. A. psychosomatic disorder B. factitious disorder C. factitious disorder by proxy D. somatization disorder 13. Which of the following somatoform disorders is NOT characterized by the experience of one or more physical symptoms? A. Conversion disorder B. Hypochondriasis C. Body dysmorphic disorder D. Somatization disorder 14. Candice faked her symptoms to gain medical attention. She exaggerated her symptoms to the point that exploratory surgery was conducted. Candice most likely has a _____. A. factitious disorder by proxy B. factitious disorder C. somatoform disorder D. psychosomatic disorder 15. Which of the following somatoform disorders is considered to be the most dramatic? A. Pain disorder B. Conversion disorder C. Somatization disorder D. Hypochondriasis 16. Which of the following statements is true regarding conversion disorder? A. The conversion symptom develops following an extreme psychological stressor. B. Conversion disorder is quite common, with a high lifetime prevalence rate. C. Loss of bodily functioning in conversion disorder is due to subconscious processes. D. Conversion disorder typically involves multiple symptoms during a single episode of conversion.

17. Conversion disorder is characterized by: A. sensory and motor deficits. B. loss of memory. C. pain in different areas of the body. D. sexual dysfunction. 18. Lorna found her husband dead in their bedroom. He had been shot in the chest. After this incident, Lorna has been unable to see. Most likely Lorna is experiencing a _____ symptom. A. dissociative B. posttraumatic stress C. conversion D. malingering 19. Which of the following is a conversion symptom in which people lose all feeling in one hand, as if they are wearing a glove? A. Finger anesthesia B. Glove numbness C. Finger numbness D. Glove anesthesia 20. Jaclyn has been complaining for several weeks that she has lost all feeling in her right hand. Her physical exam revealed no nerve damage. However, Jaclyn insists that something is wrong because she feels as though she has on a tight glove. Jaclyn is mostly experiencing _____ associated with _____ disorder. A. local anesthesia; body dysmorphic disorder B. regional anesthesia; hypochondriasis C. general anesthesia; somatization disorder D. glove anesthesia; conversion disorder 21. Freud and his contemporaries viewed conversion symptoms as results of: A. the preconscious state of mind attempting to control the conscious state of mind. B. the id trying to surpass the functioning of the ego and super ego. C. the transfer of psychic energy attached to repressed emotions or memories into physical symptoms. D. the displacement of unconscious anxiety onto a neutral or symbolic object. 22. It was observed during the two world wars that many soldiers would inexplicably become paralyzed or blind and therefore were unable to return to the front. Most of them seemed unconcerned about their paralysis or blindness. This phenomenon is known as _____. A. la belle indifference B. coup d'tat C. esprit de corps D. sang-froid 23. In a study by Watson and Buranen (1979) involving people with conversion disorder and people without the disorder, which of the following was the most common medical problem found among the people diagnosed with conversion disorder? A. Head injury B. Abdominal pain C. Back injuries D. Internal juries 24. Which of the following statements is true regarding conversion disorder? A. Research studies have shown that people with conversion symptoms are not hypnotizable. B. The symptoms of conversion disorder are usually clear-cut and hence there is little room for misdiagnosis. C Emotional stressors can inhibit the circuits between the sensorimotor areas of the brain and areas . involved in emotions, causing a loss of sensation or motor control. D. Physiological tests often give definitive proof that a person's symptoms do not have physical causes.

25. People with conversion disorder: A. are usually willing to receiving treatment. B. can be difficult to treat because they have difficulty believing that something is wrong with them psychologically. C. deny the existence of a traumatic experience that might have precipitated the disorder. D. cannot differentiate between reality and fantasy. 26. _____ for conversion disorder focus on relieving the person's anxiety around the initial trauma that caused the conversion symptoms and on reducing any benefits the person is receiving from the conversion symptoms. A. Humanistic treatments B. Behavioral treatments C. Cognitive treatments D. Psychoanalytic treatments 27. Which of the following is NOT required to receive a diagnosis of somatization disorder? A. Pain symptoms in four areas of the body B. Two non-pain-related gastrointestinal symptoms C. Three pain-related sexual symptoms D. A neurological symptom not related to pain 28. People with somatization disorder report _____ pain, while those with pain disorder report _____ pain. A. chronic; intermittent B. chronic; vague or exaggerated C. intermittent; vague or exaggerated D. vague or exaggerated; chronic 29. People diagnosed with pain disorder: A. must have complaints in multiple bodily areas. B. complain of chronic pain due to or explained by psychological factors. C. are mostly just looking for sympathy and attention. D. present their complaints in vague, dramatic, or exaggerated ways. 30. Scott has a sharp pain in his hip. The pain has disrupted his functioning because he can no longer stand for extended periods of time. Because Scott has pain in only one area, he most likely will receive a diagnosis of _____. A. somatization disorder B. conversion disorder C. body dysmorphic disorder D. pain disorder 31. People diagnosed with somatization disorder frequently have histories of all of the following disorders EXCEPT _____. A. substance abuse B. personality disorders C. anxiety disorders D. psychotic disorders 32. Which of the following statements is true regarding somatization disorder? A. Moderate degrees of somatization are common and quite a few people meet the diagnostic criteria for somatization disorder. B. Somatization disorder tends to be a short-term problem and symptoms disappear soon after they become apparent. C. Studies have shown that changes in the symptoms of people with somatization disorder mirror their emotional well-being. D. A loss of functioning in a part of the body can be the person's only complaint in somatization disorder.

33. Which of the following statements is true regarding somatization disorder in the U.S.? A. Children rarely complain of somatic symptoms. B. Adolescents are the most common group to be diagnosed with the disorder. C. Middle-aged adults are more likely to report somatization symptoms than older adults. D. Older adults are more likely to report somatization symptoms than middle-aged. adults 34. Within the context of somatization disorders, approximately 10 to 30 percent of children and adolescents report having _____ on a weekly basis. A. backaches and headaches B. headaches and stomachaches C. stomachaches and knee joint pain D. knee joint pain and backaches 35. Family studies suggest that somatization and pain disorders run primarily among _____ and _____ have higher rates of alcoholism. A. female relatives; female relatives B. female relatives; male relatives C. male relatives; male relatives D. male relatives; female relatives 36. Herman has been diagnosed with somatization disorder. He often misinterprets his bodily symptoms that results in increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and dizziness. He states regularly, "If the pain doesn't stop soon, it will probably cause damage to the other parts of my body." Herman is most likely catastrophizing his symptoms. This maladaptive way of thinking is linked with which theoretical perspective? A. Cognitive B. Behavioral C. Psychodynamic D. Existential 37. Studies of refugees who fled to the United States found that these groups often had which of the following disorders? A. PTSD and conversion disorder B. PTSD and acute stress disorder C. PTSD and somatization disorder D. PTSD and pain disorder 38. Which treatment focuses on helping clients recall events and memories that may have triggered their somatization symptoms? A. Psychodynamic B. Cognitive-behavioral C. Behavioral D. Existential 39. In the treatment of somatization and pain disorder, _____ attempt to determine and eliminate the reinforcements individuals receive for their symptoms, while increasing positive rewards for healthy behavior. A. behavioral therapies B. cognitive therapies C. psychodynamic therapies D. humanistic therapies 40. Cognitive therapies for somatization disorder focus on: A challenging the client's maladaptive interpretations of physical symptoms and teaching them techniques . for appropriate interpretations. B. identifying the behavioral reinforcers that contribute to the manifestation of symptoms. C. providing insight into the client's somatization symptoms and discussing early childhood experiences. D. designing a behavior modification plan with punishers to discourage maladaptive ways of thinking.

41. Which of the following disorders may appear similar in their presentation? A. Somatization disorder and dissociative identity disorder B. Somatization disorder and conversion disorder C. Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis D. Somatization disorder and body dysmorphic disorder 42. Sherry believes that she has a serious illness. She has had a headache for several days with no relief from traditional over-the-counter medicines. Her visit to the doctor revealed no organic reason for the headaches. Unsatisfied with the results, she goes to several other medical professionals for treatment. Sherry is most likely suffering from _____. A. panic disorder B. conversion disorder C. hypochondriasis D. body dysmorphic disorder 43. Diagnosable hypochondriasis is: A. almost impossible. B. not very common. C. next to impossible. D. often confused with GAD. 44. A client who has been diagnosed with hypochondriasis will often qualify for a diagnosis of _____. A. GAD B. acute stress disorder C. somatization disorder D. panic disorder 45. People with hypochondriasis: A. appreciate psychological interpretations of their problems. B. tend to assume that serious illnesses are uncommon. C. have an inability to cope with distress in adaptive ways. D. are not actually prone to chronic depression and anxiety. 46. People with _____ are excessively preoccupied with a part of their bodies that they believe is defective. A. body dysmorphic disorder B. conversion disorder C. hypochondriasis D. somatization disorder 47. Patty believes that her nose is too big, and that others notice the disfigurement of her nose. Her anxiety has perpetuated to the point that she refuses to leave her house. Patty is most likely exhibiting symptoms of _____. A. generalized anxiety disorder B. post-traumatic stress disorder C. acute stress disorder D. body dysmorphic disorder 48. Bobby believes that his small body frame is a deformity. He is convinced that women do not want men with a small build. Recently, he has begun to exercise excessively, consume protein drinks, and has hired a personal trainer. Bobby is most likely exhibiting symptoms of _____. A. generalized anxiety disorder B. acute stress disorder C. body dysmorphic disorder D. post-traumatic stress disorder

49. The average age of onset of body dysmorphic disorder is _____. A. 10 years B. 16 years C. 20 years D. 25 years 50. In body dysmorphic disorder, the average number of bodily preoccupations is _____. A. two B. three C. four D. five 51. Some theorists argue that body dysmorphic disorder is another form of which anxiety disorder? A. Post-traumatic stress disorder B. Acute stress disorder C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder D. Generalized anxiety disorder 52. Sally has been diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder, as she believes her ears are "deformed." As part of her therapy, she is required to first develop a hierarchy of things she would fear doing related to her ears, then learn relaxation techniques, and finally engage in these feared behaviors in a step-by-step fashion. What type of treatment is Sally undergoing? A. Behavioral B. Cognitive-behavioral C. Psychoanalytic D. Existential 53. The idea that dissociation is a process in which systems of ideas are split off from consciousness but are accessible through dreams and hypnosis was conceptualized by _____. A. Jean Piaget B. Thomas Simon C. Pierre Janet D. Alfred Binet 54. In Hillgard's study on the "hidden observer" phenomenon, he argued that there are two modes of consciousness: the _____ and _____. A. repressive mode; active mode B. active mode; receptive mode C. receptive mode; suppressive mode D. suppressive mode; repressive mode 55. The active mode in Hilgard's study referred to: A. the preconscious state of mind that creates pleasant memories. B. the conscious state of mind that registers and stores information without being aware that the information has been processed. C. the mind's short-term or working memory that can only hold information for up to 20 seconds. D. the conscious state of mind that includes a person's conscious plans and desires and voluntary actions. 56. For most people, the active mode and receptive mode: A. act as separate entities. B. weave our experiences together so seamlessly that we do not notice any division between them. C. work together to process and store only our most pleasant memories. D. hide the true meaning of a person's dissociative experiences. 57. Dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as _____. A. multiple personality fugue B. multiple disintegration disorder C. multiple personality disorder D. dissociative personality disorder

58. Which of the following dissociative disorders is characterized by a person developing one or more distinct personalities? A. Dissociative identity disorder B. Dissociative fugue C. Dissociative amnesia D. Depersonalization disorder 59. A person diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder may have several alters. An alter is a(n): A. alternate personality. B. means of creating pleasant experiences. C. ambiguous personality. D. out of body experience. 60. The vast majority of people diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder are _____. A. adolescent females B. adult women C. adolescent males D. adult men 61. Which of the following is true concerning dissociative identity disorder (DID)? A. Females diagnosed with DID tend to be more aggressive than males diagnosed with DID. B. Males diagnosed with DID tend to be more aggressive than females diagnosed with DID. C. Females and males diagnosed with DID are equally aggressive. D. Neither males nor females diagnosed with DID show signs of aggression. 62. Which of the following is the most common alter found in dissociative identity disorder? A. The helper B. The host C. The persecutor D. The child 63. In dissociative identity disorder, an alter that inflicts pain or punishment on the other personalities by engaging in self-mutilative behaviors (such as self-cutting or self-burning) and suicide attempts is called _____. A. the oppressor B. the persecutor C. the tyrant D. the bully 64. Which of the following is considered to be the most dangerous alter found in dissociative identity disorder? A. The helper B. The host C. The persecutor D. The child 65. Which of the following alters found in dissociative identity disorder offers advice to the other personalities or performs behaviors the host is unable to handle? A. The helper B. The host C. The persecutor D. The child 66. Which of the following is true concerning dissociative identity disorder (DID)? A. The host is always in control of the other alters. B. The alters in DID have no awareness of each other. C. People diagnosed with DID claim to have significant periods of amnesia. D. Persecutor alters are often responsible for switching between personalities.

67. About _____ of patients with dissociative identity disorder have a history of suicide attempts. A. 10 percent B. 25 percent C. 50 percent D. 75 percent 68. Lucas reported to his therapist that he hears several voices in his head. Each voice seems different from his, and they seem to talk to each other. Lucas' symptoms seem representative of which disorder? A. Childhood onset of schizophrenia B. Adolescent bipolar disorder C. Dissociative identity disorder D. Adjustment disorder with psychotic features 69. Which of the following explains why dissociative identity disorder was not diagnosed before 1980? A. The symptoms were rarely reported prior to 1980 B. There was no such diagnostic category in the DSM-II C. The disorder lacked empirical evidence until after 1980 D. No DSM existed prior to 1980 70. When people with dissociative identity disorder report hearing voices talking inside their heads, they may be misdiagnosed as having _____. A. bipolar disorder with psychotic features B. schizophrenia C. major depressive disorder with psychotic features D. brief psychotic disorder 71. In which of the following countries is dissociative identity disorder diagnosed most frequently? A. United States B. Great Britain C. Japan D. India 72. Some studies suggest that _____ may be more likely than other ethnic groups to experience dissociative symptoms in response to traumas. A. African Americans B. Latinos C. Asians D. Native Americans 73. Dissociative symptoms may be part of the syndrome of_____, a culturally accepted reaction to stress among Latinos. A. ataque de nervios B. mal de ojo C. susto D. amok 74. Which of the following is the most common contributor to dissociative identity disorder? A. Genetic predisposition to the disorder B. Chronic physical or sexual abuse during childhood C. Low socioeconomic family status D. Being diagnosed with several other disorders 75. People who develop dissociative identity disorder tend to be: A. less suggestible and hypnotizable. B. somewhat suggestible and hypnotizable. C. highly suggestible and hypnotizable. D. suggestible and hypnotizable to only a small extent.

76. Which of the following is a treatment goal for dissociative identity disorder? A. Helping clients to create a hierarchy of traumatic experiences and learning relaxation techniques to handle the stressors B. Helping the client work through the trauma to integrate all the alternative personalities into one coherent personality C. Identifying the traumatic experience and implementing behavior modification to reward or punish the alters D. Helping the host concentrate on health-enhancing behaviors using exercise and dietary supplements 77. Which of the following techniques is heavily used to contact alters in the case of dissociative identity disorder? A. Channeling B. Dream analysis C. Hypnosis D. Memory exercises 78. In the case of dissociative identity disorder, patients who are able to integrate their personalities are: A. more likely to relapse with more serious problems. B. more likely to remain relatively free from the dissociative identity disorder symptoms and reduce their use of medications. C. more likely to struggle with symptoms of other psychological disorders. D. encouraged to discontinue psychotherapy to measure the effectiveness of the treatment. 79. Verna has no idea how she ended up in her current surroundings. She feels comfortable, and is not bothered by the fact that she cannot remember her past. Most likely, Verna is experiencing a(n) _____. A. dissociative fugue B. retrograde state C. regressive state D. unconscious state 80. Steven left his home abruptly without taking any of his belongings. He relocated to a nearby town. Several months later he returned to his old home with no memory of his absence. Steven would most likely be diagnosed with _____. A. schizophrenia B. dissociative identity disorder C. dissociative fugue D. depersonalization disorder 81. Unlike a person with dissociative identity disorder, a person in a fugue state: A. actually leaves the scene of the trauma or stress. B. maintains his or her original identity. C. will not remember what happened during the fugue state. D. will behave quite abnormally in the new environment. 82. Fugue states appear more common among people who have: A. a history of amnesia. B. experimented with illegal drugs. C. experienced severe childhood sexual abuse. D. experienced chronic emotional and physical abuse. 83. Which of the following is true regarding dissociative fugue? A. Dissociative fugue is treated using many of the same techniques used in treating dissociative identity disorder. B. Dissociative fugue is a highly prevalent disorder. C. Dissociative fugue is very common among adolescents. D. Dissociative fugue is treatable if the clinician has an appropriate case history.

84. The main difference between the amnesia in dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue is that: Apeople with dissociative amnesia typically leave home and create a new life for themselves in another . area, while people with dissociative fugue do not take flight and create new identities. Bpeople with dissociative fugue typically leave home and create a new life for themselves in another . area, while people with dissociative amnesia do not take flight and create new identities. C people with dissociative amnesia typically create alternative personalities, whereas people with . dissociative fugue typically do not create new identities. D people with dissociative fugue typically maintain their original personalities, whereas people with . dissociative amnesia create new identities. 85. Amnesia is categorized as either _____ or _____. A. organic; physiological B. physiological; biopsychological C. biopsychological; psychogenic D. psychogenic; organic 86. Which of the following is true concerning organic amnesia? A. Organic amnesia is often caused by psychosocial factors. B. Organic amnesia typically involves anterograde and retrograde amnesia. C. Organic amnesia is caused by brain injury. D. Organic amnesia results from early childhood unconscious conflicts. 87. Organic amnesia often involves the inability to remember new information, known as _____. A. anterograde amnesia B. retrograde amnesia C. retrospective amnesia D. regressive amnesia 88. Karen had a hiking accident that resulted in head trauma. She now has difficulty remembering new information. Karen's amnesia would be categorized as _____. A. anterograde B. infantile C. psychogenic D. retrograde 89. The inability to remember information from the past is known as _____. A. anterograde amnesia B. retrograde amnesia C. retrospective amnesia D. regressive amnesia 90. Marsha has dementia. It is becoming increasingly difficulty for her to remember her past. Sometimes she forgets her children's names. Marsha's amnesia would be categorized as _____. A. anterograde B. infantile C. factitious D. retrograde 91. When amnesia is due to organic causes, people will typically remember: A. where they lived. B. their personal identities. C. the names of their children. D. major historical events of the period. 92. Korsakoff's syndrome is characterized by: A. global retrograde amnesia associated with severe alcohol consumption. B. anterograde amnesia resulting form structural damage to the brain. C. anterograde and retrograde amnesia due to organic and psychological factors. D. a fugue state that results in loss of identity and the creation of a new identity.

93. Brian has a history of drinking heavily before going to bed. One morning his family accused him of kicking the dog, breaking several dishes, and being verbally abusive. Brown says he has no memory of the incident. Most likely Brown's memory loss is related to _____. A. Korsakoff's syndrome B. PTSD C. GAD D. depersonalization 94. One complication that arises in diagnosing amnesias is the possibility that: A. amnesias are being faked by people to escape punishment for crimes committed. B. amnesias may be the result of using dissociation as a defense against intolerable memories or stressors. C amnesia may occur because individuals are in such a high state of arousal during the events that they do . not encode and store information. D. people may forget some, but not all, events which may therefore lead to an inconclusive diagnosis. 95. Many courts deny the use of hypnosis in the case of dissociative amnesia because of the possibility that: A. the individual may not be able to come out of the hypnotic state. B. hypnosis will "create" memories through the power of suggestion. C. the hypnosis will cause more damage to the individuals' well-being. D. some individuals are not suggestible and cannot be hypnotized. 96. Depersonalization disorder is characterized by: A. the person suddenly taking flight, moving to another area, and creating a new identity. B. the presence of one or more distinct personalities vying for control of the individual. C. experiences in which the person feels detached from his/her mental processes or body. D. the person's inability to remember specific events, time periods, or personal information. 97. To receive a diagnosis of depersonalization disorder, the person must: A. have frequent and distressing depersonalization episodes that disrupt functioning. B. have been under the influence of an illicit drug or be chronically sleep deprived. C. have alternating personalities trying to gain control. D. have been exposed to a traumatic event such as sexual assault. 98. Most people who report depersonalization experiences also report all of the following EXCEPT _____. A. childhood cognitive deficits B. childhood emotional abuse C. childhood physical abuse D. childhood sexual abuse 99. Repressed memories represent a form of _____. A. somatization B. factitious disorders. C. depersonalization D. dissociative amnesia 100.Freyd and colleagues (2007) suggest that individuals who dissociate from, and forget, their abusive experiences are most likely to perform differently from other individuals on _____ that require divided attention. A. creative assignments B. motor skills tests C. cognitive tasks D. routine activities

101.What are somatoform disorders? How are they different from psychosomatic disorders, factitious disorders, factitious disorders by proxy, and malingering?

102.What is conversion disorder? What are some of the common types of conversion symptoms? How did the psychoanalytic theory interpret this disorder?

103.Differentiate between somatization disorder and pain disorder.

104.How would a cognitive theorist interpret somatization and pain disorder?

105.What is hypochondriasis? What do we know about individuals diagnosed with hypochondriasis?

106.Briefly describe body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).

107.What is dissociative identity disorder (DID)? What are its symptoms?

108.What are some of the issues in diagnosing dissociative identity disorder (DID)?

109.Describe dissociative fugue and some of its key characteristics.

110.What is dissociative amnesia? What is meant by organic and psychogenic amnesia?

6 Key
1.
(p. 153)

The _____ are a group of disorders in which people experience significant physical symptoms for which there is no apparent organic cause. A. dissociative disorders B. psychotic disorders C. adjustment disorders D. somatoform disorders
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #1

2.
(p. 153)

Which of the following represents one of the difficulties in diagnosing somatoform disorders? A. The person is probably faking the symptoms B. The person has difficulty pinpointing the physical discomfort C. The person may have a real physical problem that is difficult to detect D. The person does not consciously produce or control the symptoms
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #2

3.
(p. 154)

When a woman believes she is pregnant but physical examination and laboratory tests show negative results this syndrome is called _____. A. psuedocyesis B. misconception syndrome C. psuedoexpectancy D. miscarriage
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #3

4.
(p. 154)

Bethany has hypertension. Her friends call her a worrier. Her worrying impacts her hypertension. Bethany is most likely experiencing a(n) _____. A. psychosomatic disorder B. somatoform disorder C. dissociative disorder D. acute stress disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #4

5.
(p. 154)

Jonathan pretended to have a stomachache to avoid taking his algebra test. By faking his symptoms, Jonathan is engaging in _____. A. proxies B. somatization C. malingering D. factitiousness
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #5

6.
(p. 154155)

According to the findings of a survey study conducted by researcher Colin Ross involving over a thousand Canadians from the general community, which of the following is the most common dissociative experience? A. Not recognizing one's reflection B. Missing part of a conversation C. Hearing voices in your head D. Talking out loud to oneself when alone
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #6

7.
(p. 155)

Somatoform and dissociative disorders are considered by some theorists to be the result of a psychological process known as _____, in which different parts of an individual's identity, memories, or consciousness become split off from one another. A. dissolution B. disintegration C. degeneration D. dissociation
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #7

8.
(p. 155)

Daydreaming is considered to be a mild _____ experience. A. somatization B. dissociative C. depersonalization D. existential

Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #8

9.
(p. 155)

Sue has been up for 48 hours with her injured child. The family was in a car accident, and the child was seriously injured. Sue had an episode where she did not recognize her face in the mirror. Most likely, Sue had a(n) _____ experience. A. existential B. dissociative C. conversion D. somatization
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #9

10.
(p. 155)

Which of the following are probably the most common causes of dissociation? A. Fatigue and stress B. Obsessive-compulsive behaviors C. Diminished intellectual functioning D. Childhood traumatic experiences
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #10

11.
(p. 156)

Factitious disorders are also referred to as _____. A. Korsakoff's syndrome B. Down's syndrome C. Munchhausen's syndrome D. Tourette's syndrome
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #11

12.
(p. 156)

Mary created an illness in her younger daughter to draw attention to herself. This is known as a _____. A. psychosomatic disorder B. factitious disorder C. factitious disorder by proxy D. somatization disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #12

13.
(p. 156)

Which of the following somatoform disorders is NOT characterized by the experience of one or more physical symptoms? A. Conversion disorder B. Hypochondriasis C. Body dysmorphic disorder D. Somatization disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #13

14.
(p. 156)

Candice faked her symptoms to gain medical attention. She exaggerated her symptoms to the point that exploratory surgery was conducted. Candice most likely has a _____. A. factitious disorder by proxy B. factitious disorder C. somatoform disorder D. psychosomatic disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #14

15.
(p. 157)

Which of the following somatoform disorders is considered to be the most dramatic? A. Pain disorder B. Conversion disorder C. Somatization disorder D. Hypochondriasis
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #15

16.
(p. 157)

Which of the following statements is true regarding conversion disorder? A. The conversion symptom develops following an extreme psychological stressor. B. Conversion disorder is quite common, with a high lifetime prevalence rate. C. Loss of bodily functioning in conversion disorder is due to subconscious processes. D. Conversion disorder typically involves multiple symptoms during a single episode of conversion.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #16

17.
(p. 157)

Conversion disorder is characterized by: A. sensory and motor deficits. B. loss of memory. C. pain in different areas of the body. D. sexual dysfunction.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #17

18.
(p. 157)

Lorna found her husband dead in their bedroom. He had been shot in the chest. After this incident, Lorna has been unable to see. Most likely Lorna is experiencing a _____ symptom. A. dissociative B. posttraumatic stress C. conversion D. malingering
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #18

19.
(p. 157)

Which of the following is a conversion symptom in which people lose all feeling in one hand, as if they are wearing a glove? A. Finger anesthesia B. Glove numbness C. Finger numbness D. Glove anesthesia
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #19

20.
(p. 157)

Jaclyn has been complaining for several weeks that she has lost all feeling in her right hand. Her physical exam revealed no nerve damage. However, Jaclyn insists that something is wrong because she feels as though she has on a tight glove. Jaclyn is mostly experiencing _____ associated with _____ disorder. A. local anesthesia; body dysmorphic disorder B. regional anesthesia; hypochondriasis C. general anesthesia; somatization disorder D. glove anesthesia; conversion disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #20

21.
(p. 157)

Freud and his contemporaries viewed conversion symptoms as results of: A. the preconscious state of mind attempting to control the conscious state of mind. B. the id trying to surpass the functioning of the ego and super ego. C. the transfer of psychic energy attached to repressed emotions or memories into physical symptoms. D. the displacement of unconscious anxiety onto a neutral or symbolic object.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #21

22.
(p. 157)

It was observed during the two world wars that many soldiers would inexplicably become paralyzed or blind and therefore were unable to return to the front. Most of them seemed unconcerned about their paralysis or blindness. This phenomenon is known as _____. A. la belle indifference B. coup d'tat C. esprit de corps D. sang-froid
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #22

23.
(p. 158)

In a study by Watson and Buranen (1979) involving people with conversion disorder and people without the disorder, which of the following was the most common medical problem found among the people diagnosed with conversion disorder? A. Head injury B. Abdominal pain C. Back injuries D. Internal juries
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #23

24.
(p. 158159)

Which of the following statements is true regarding conversion disorder? A. Research studies have shown that people with conversion symptoms are not hypnotizable. B. The symptoms of conversion disorder are usually clear-cut and hence there is little room for misdiagnosis. C Emotional stressors can inhibit the circuits between the sensorimotor areas of the brain and areas . involved in emotions, causing a loss of sensation or motor control. D. Physiological tests often give definitive proof that a person's symptoms do not have physical causes.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #24

25.
(p. 159)

People with conversion disorder: A. are usually willing to receiving treatment. B. can be difficult to treat because they have difficulty believing that something is wrong with them psychologically. C. deny the existence of a traumatic experience that might have precipitated the disorder. D. cannot differentiate between reality and fantasy.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #25

26.
(p. 159)

_____ for conversion disorder focus on relieving the person's anxiety around the initial trauma that caused the conversion symptoms and on reducing any benefits the person is receiving from the conversion symptoms. A. Humanistic treatments B. Behavioral treatments C. Cognitive treatments D. Psychoanalytic treatments
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #26

27.
(p. 159)

Which of the following is NOT required to receive a diagnosis of somatization disorder? A. Pain symptoms in four areas of the body B. Two non-pain-related gastrointestinal symptoms C. Three pain-related sexual symptoms D. A neurological symptom not related to pain
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #27

28.
(p. 159160)

People with somatization disorder report _____ pain, while those with pain disorder report _____ pain. A. chronic; intermittent B. chronic; vague or exaggerated C. intermittent; vague or exaggerated D. vague or exaggerated; chronic
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #28

29.
(p. 160)

People diagnosed with pain disorder: A. must have complaints in multiple bodily areas. B. complain of chronic pain due to or explained by psychological factors. C. are mostly just looking for sympathy and attention. D. present their complaints in vague, dramatic, or exaggerated ways.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #29

30.
(p. 160)

Scott has a sharp pain in his hip. The pain has disrupted his functioning because he can no longer stand for extended periods of time. Because Scott has pain in only one area, he most likely will receive a diagnosis of _____. A. somatization disorder B. conversion disorder C. body dysmorphic disorder D. pain disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #30

31.
(p. 160)

People diagnosed with somatization disorder frequently have histories of all of the following disorders EXCEPT _____. A. substance abuse B. personality disorders C. anxiety disorders D. psychotic disorders
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #31

32.
(p. 160161)

Which of the following statements is true regarding somatization disorder? A. Moderate degrees of somatization are common and quite a few people meet the diagnostic criteria for somatization disorder. B. Somatization disorder tends to be a short-term problem and symptoms disappear soon after they become apparent. C. Studies have shown that changes in the symptoms of people with somatization disorder mirror their emotional well-being. D. A loss of functioning in a part of the body can be the person's only complaint in somatization disorder.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #32

33.
(p. 160161)

Which of the following statements is true regarding somatization disorder in the U.S.? A. Children rarely complain of somatic symptoms. B. Adolescents are the most common group to be diagnosed with the disorder. C. Middle-aged adults are more likely to report somatization symptoms than older adults. D. Older adults are more likely to report somatization symptoms than middle-aged. adults
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #33

34.
(p. 161)

Within the context of somatization disorders, approximately 10 to 30 percent of children and adolescents report having _____ on a weekly basis. A. backaches and headaches B. headaches and stomachaches C. stomachaches and knee joint pain D. knee joint pain and backaches
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #34

35.
(p. 161)

Family studies suggest that somatization and pain disorders run primarily among _____ and _____ have higher rates of alcoholism. A. female relatives; female relatives B. female relatives; male relatives C. male relatives; male relatives D. male relatives; female relatives
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #35

36.
(p. 162)

Herman has been diagnosed with somatization disorder. He often misinterprets his bodily symptoms that results in increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and dizziness. He states regularly, "If the pain doesn't stop soon, it will probably cause damage to the other parts of my body." Herman is most likely catastrophizing his symptoms. This maladaptive way of thinking is linked with which theoretical perspective? A. Cognitive B. Behavioral C. Psychodynamic D. Existential
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #36

37.
(p. 162)

Studies of refugees who fled to the United States found that these groups often had which of the following disorders? A. PTSD and conversion disorder B. PTSD and acute stress disorder C. PTSD and somatization disorder D. PTSD and pain disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #37

38.
(p. 163)

Which treatment focuses on helping clients recall events and memories that may have triggered their somatization symptoms? A. Psychodynamic B. Cognitive-behavioral C. Behavioral D. Existential
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #38

39.
(p. 163)

In the treatment of somatization and pain disorder, _____ attempt to determine and eliminate the reinforcements individuals receive for their symptoms, while increasing positive rewards for healthy behavior. A. behavioral therapies B. cognitive therapies C. psychodynamic therapies D. humanistic therapies
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #39

40.
(p. 163)

Cognitive therapies for somatization disorder focus on: A challenging the client's maladaptive interpretations of physical symptoms and teaching them . techniques for appropriate interpretations. B. identifying the behavioral reinforcers that contribute to the manifestation of symptoms. C. providing insight into the client's somatization symptoms and discussing early childhood experiences. D. designing a behavior modification plan with punishers to discourage maladaptive ways of thinking.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #40

41.
(p. 163)

Which of the following disorders may appear similar in their presentation? A. Somatization disorder and dissociative identity disorder B. Somatization disorder and conversion disorder C. Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis D. Somatization disorder and body dysmorphic disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #41

42.
(p. 163164)

Sherry believes that she has a serious illness. She has had a headache for several days with no relief from traditional over-the-counter medicines. Her visit to the doctor revealed no organic reason for the headaches. Unsatisfied with the results, she goes to several other medical professionals for treatment. Sherry is most likely suffering from _____. A. panic disorder B. conversion disorder C. hypochondriasis D. body dysmorphic disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #42

43.
(p. 164)

Diagnosable hypochondriasis is: A. almost impossible. B. not very common. C. next to impossible. D. often confused with GAD.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #43

44.
(p. 164)

A client who has been diagnosed with hypochondriasis will often qualify for a diagnosis of _____. A. GAD B. acute stress disorder C. somatization disorder D. panic disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #44

45.
(p. 164)

People with hypochondriasis: A. appreciate psychological interpretations of their problems. B. tend to assume that serious illnesses are uncommon. C. have an inability to cope with distress in adaptive ways. D. are not actually prone to chronic depression and anxiety.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #45

46.
(p. 164)

People with _____ are excessively preoccupied with a part of their bodies that they believe is defective. A. body dysmorphic disorder B. conversion disorder C. hypochondriasis D. somatization disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #46

47.
(p. 165)

Patty believes that her nose is too big, and that others notice the disfigurement of her nose. Her anxiety has perpetuated to the point that she refuses to leave her house. Patty is most likely exhibiting symptoms of _____. A. generalized anxiety disorder B. post-traumatic stress disorder C. acute stress disorder D. body dysmorphic disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #47

48.
(p. 165)

Bobby believes that his small body frame is a deformity. He is convinced that women do not want men with a small build. Recently, he has begun to exercise excessively, consume protein drinks, and has hired a personal trainer. Bobby is most likely exhibiting symptoms of _____. A. generalized anxiety disorder B. acute stress disorder C. body dysmorphic disorder D. post-traumatic stress disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #48

49.
(p. 165)

The average age of onset of body dysmorphic disorder is _____. A. 10 years B. 16 years C. 20 years D. 25 years
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #49

50.
(p. 165)

In body dysmorphic disorder, the average number of bodily preoccupations is _____. A. two B. three C. four D. five
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #50

51.
(p. 166)

Some theorists argue that body dysmorphic disorder is another form of which anxiety disorder? A. Post-traumatic stress disorder B. Acute stress disorder C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder D. Generalized anxiety disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #51

52.
(p. 166)

Sally has been diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder, as she believes her ears are "deformed." As part of her therapy, she is required to first develop a hierarchy of things she would fear doing related to her ears, then learn relaxation techniques, and finally engage in these feared behaviors in a step-bystep fashion. What type of treatment is Sally undergoing? A. Behavioral B. Cognitive-behavioral C. Psychoanalytic D. Existential
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #52

53.
(p. 167)

The idea that dissociation is a process in which systems of ideas are split off from consciousness but are accessible through dreams and hypnosis was conceptualized by _____. A. Jean Piaget B. Thomas Simon C. Pierre Janet D. Alfred Binet
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #53

54.
(p. 167)

In Hillgard's study on the "hidden observer" phenomenon, he argued that there are two modes of consciousness: the _____ and _____. A. repressive mode; active mode B. active mode; receptive mode C. receptive mode; suppressive mode D. suppressive mode; repressive mode
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #54

55.
(p. 167)

The active mode in Hilgard's study referred to: A. the preconscious state of mind that creates pleasant memories. B. the conscious state of mind that registers and stores information without being aware that the information has been processed. C. the mind's short-term or working memory that can only hold information for up to 20 seconds. D. the conscious state of mind that includes a person's conscious plans and desires and voluntary actions.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #55

56.
(p. 167)

For most people, the active mode and receptive mode: A. act as separate entities. B. weave our experiences together so seamlessly that we do not notice any division between them. C. work together to process and store only our most pleasant memories. D. hide the true meaning of a person's dissociative experiences.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #56

57.
(p. 167)

Dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as _____. A. multiple personality fugue B. multiple disintegration disorder C. multiple personality disorder D. dissociative personality disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #57

58.
(p. 169)

Which of the following dissociative disorders is characterized by a person developing one or more distinct personalities? A. Dissociative identity disorder B. Dissociative fugue C. Dissociative amnesia D. Depersonalization disorder
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #58

59.
(p. 169)

A person diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder may have several alters. An alter is a(n): A. alternate personality. B. means of creating pleasant experiences. C. ambiguous personality. D. out of body experience.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #59

60.
(p. 169)

The vast majority of people diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder are _____. A. adolescent females B. adult women C. adolescent males D. adult men
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #60

61.
(p. 169)

Which of the following is true concerning dissociative identity disorder (DID)? A. Females diagnosed with DID tend to be more aggressive than males diagnosed with DID. B. Males diagnosed with DID tend to be more aggressive than females diagnosed with DID. C. Females and males diagnosed with DID are equally aggressive. D. Neither males nor females diagnosed with DID show signs of aggression.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #61

62.
(p. 169)

Which of the following is the most common alter found in dissociative identity disorder? A. The helper B. The host C. The persecutor D. The child
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #62

63.
(p. 170)

In dissociative identity disorder, an alter that inflicts pain or punishment on the other personalities by engaging in self-mutilative behaviors (such as self-cutting or self-burning) and suicide attempts is called _____. A. the oppressor B. the persecutor C. the tyrant D. the bully
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #63

64.
(p. 170)

Which of the following is considered to be the most dangerous alter found in dissociative identity disorder? A. The helper B. The host C. The persecutor D. The child
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #64

65.
(p. 170)

Which of the following alters found in dissociative identity disorder offers advice to the other personalities or performs behaviors the host is unable to handle? A. The helper B. The host C. The persecutor D. The child
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #65

66.
(p. 170)

Which of the following is true concerning dissociative identity disorder (DID)? A. The host is always in control of the other alters. B. The alters in DID have no awareness of each other. C. People diagnosed with DID claim to have significant periods of amnesia. D. Persecutor alters are often responsible for switching between personalities.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #66

67.
(p. 170)

About _____ of patients with dissociative identity disorder have a history of suicide attempts. A. 10 percent B. 25 percent C. 50 percent D. 75 percent
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #67

68.
(p. 170)

Lucas reported to his therapist that he hears several voices in his head. Each voice seems different from his, and they seem to talk to each other. Lucas' symptoms seem representative of which disorder? A. B. C. D. Childhood onset of schizophrenia Adolescent bipolar disorder Dissociative identity disorder Adjustment disorder with psychotic features
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #68

69.
(p. 170171)

Which of the following explains why dissociative identity disorder was not diagnosed before 1980? A. B. C. D. The symptoms were rarely reported prior to 1980 There was no such diagnostic category in the DSM-II The disorder lacked empirical evidence until after 1980 No DSM existed prior to 1980
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #69

70.
(p. 171)

When people with dissociative identity disorder report hearing voices talking inside their heads, they may be misdiagnosed as having _____. A. bipolar disorder with psychotic features B. schizophrenia C. major depressive disorder with psychotic features D. brief psychotic disorder
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71.
(p. 171)

In which of the following countries is dissociative identity disorder diagnosed most frequently? A. United States B. Great Britain C. Japan D. India
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #71

72.
(p. 171)

Some studies suggest that _____ may be more likely than other ethnic groups to experience dissociative symptoms in response to traumas. A. African Americans B. Latinos C. Asians D. Native Americans
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #72

73.
(p. 171)

Dissociative symptoms may be part of the syndrome of_____, a culturally accepted reaction to stress among Latinos. A. ataque de nervios B. mal de ojo C. susto D. amok
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #73

74.
(p. 171)

Which of the following is the most common contributor to dissociative identity disorder? A. Genetic predisposition to the disorder B. Chronic physical or sexual abuse during childhood C. Low socioeconomic family status D. Being diagnosed with several other disorders
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #74

75.
(p. 172)

People who develop dissociative identity disorder tend to be: A. less suggestible and hypnotizable. B. somewhat suggestible and hypnotizable. C. highly suggestible and hypnotizable. D. suggestible and hypnotizable to only a small extent.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #75

76.
(p. 172)

Which of the following is a treatment goal for dissociative identity disorder? A. Helping clients to create a hierarchy of traumatic experiences and learning relaxation techniques to handle the stressors B. Helping the client work through the trauma to integrate all the alternative personalities into one coherent personality C. Identifying the traumatic experience and implementing behavior modification to reward or punish the alters D. Helping the host concentrate on health-enhancing behaviors using exercise and dietary supplements
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #76

77.
(p. 172)

Which of the following techniques is heavily used to contact alters in the case of dissociative identity disorder? A. Channeling B. Dream analysis C. Hypnosis D. Memory exercises
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #77

78.
(p. 172)

In the case of dissociative identity disorder, patients who are able to integrate their personalities are: A. more likely to relapse with more serious problems. B. more likely to remain relatively free from the dissociative identity disorder symptoms and reduce their use of medications. C. more likely to struggle with symptoms of other psychological disorders. D. encouraged to discontinue psychotherapy to measure the effectiveness of the treatment.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #78

79.
(p. 172)

Verna has no idea how she ended up in her current surroundings. She feels comfortable, and is not bothered by the fact that she cannot remember her past. Most likely, Verna is experiencing a(n) _____. A. dissociative fugue B. retrograde state C. regressive state D. unconscious state
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #79

80.
(p. 172)

Steven left his home abruptly without taking any of his belongings. He relocated to a nearby town. Several months later he returned to his old home with no memory of his absence. Steven would most likely be diagnosed with _____. A. schizophrenia B. dissociative identity disorder C. dissociative fugue D. depersonalization disorder
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #80

81.
(p. 173)

Unlike a person with dissociative identity disorder, a person in a fugue state: A. actually leaves the scene of the trauma or stress. B. maintains his or her original identity. C. will not remember what happened during the fugue state. D. will behave quite abnormally in the new environment.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #81

82.
(p. 173)

Fugue states appear more common among people who have: A. a history of amnesia. B. experimented with illegal drugs. C. experienced severe childhood sexual abuse. D. experienced chronic emotional and physical abuse.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #82

83.
(p. 173)

Which of the following is true regarding dissociative fugue? A. Dissociative fugue is treated using many of the same techniques used in treating dissociative identity disorder. B. Dissociative fugue is a highly prevalent disorder. C. Dissociative fugue is very common among adolescents. D. Dissociative fugue is treatable if the clinician has an appropriate case history.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #83

84.
(p. 173)

The main difference between the amnesia in dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue is that: Apeople with dissociative amnesia typically leave home and create a new life for themselves in . another area, while people with dissociative fugue do not take flight and create new identities. Bpeople with dissociative fugue typically leave home and create a new life for themselves in another . area, while people with dissociative amnesia do not take flight and create new identities. C people with dissociative amnesia typically create alternative personalities, whereas people with . dissociative fugue typically do not create new identities. D people with dissociative fugue typically maintain their original personalities, whereas people with . dissociative amnesia create new identities.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #84

85.
(p. 173)

Amnesia is categorized as either _____ or _____. A. organic; physiological B. physiological; biopsychological C. biopsychological; psychogenic D. psychogenic; organic
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #85

86.
(p. 173)

Which of the following is true concerning organic amnesia? A. Organic amnesia is often caused by psychosocial factors. B. Organic amnesia typically involves anterograde and retrograde amnesia. C. Organic amnesia is caused by brain injury. D. Organic amnesia results from early childhood unconscious conflicts.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #86

87.
(p. 173)

Organic amnesia often involves the inability to remember new information, known as _____. A. anterograde amnesia B. retrograde amnesia C. retrospective amnesia D. regressive amnesia
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #87

88.
(p. 173)

Karen had a hiking accident that resulted in head trauma. She now has difficulty remembering new information. Karen's amnesia would be categorized as _____. A. anterograde B. infantile C. psychogenic D. retrograde
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #88

89.
(p. 173)

The inability to remember information from the past is known as _____. A. anterograde amnesia B. retrograde amnesia C. retrospective amnesia D. regressive amnesia
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #89

90.
(p. 173)

Marsha has dementia. It is becoming increasingly difficulty for her to remember her past. Sometimes she forgets her children's names. Marsha's amnesia would be categorized as _____. A. anterograde B. infantile C. factitious D. retrograde
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #90

91.
(p. 173)

When amnesia is due to organic causes, people will typically remember: A. where they lived. B. their personal identities. C. the names of their children. D. major historical events of the period.
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92.
(p. 174)

Korsakoff's syndrome is characterized by: A. global retrograde amnesia associated with severe alcohol consumption. B. anterograde amnesia resulting form structural damage to the brain. C. anterograde and retrograde amnesia due to organic and psychological factors. D. a fugue state that results in loss of identity and the creation of a new identity.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #92

93.
(p. 174)

Brian has a history of drinking heavily before going to bed. One morning his family accused him of kicking the dog, breaking several dishes, and being verbally abusive. Brown says he has no memory of the incident. Most likely Brown's memory loss is related to _____. A. Korsakoff's syndrome B. PTSD C. GAD D. depersonalization
Blooms: Application Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #93

94.
(p. 174175)

One complication that arises in diagnosing amnesias is the possibility that: A. amnesias are being faked by people to escape punishment for crimes committed. B. amnesias may be the result of using dissociation as a defense against intolerable memories or stressors. C.amnesia may occur because individuals are in such a high state of arousal during the events that they do not encode and store information. D. people may forget some, but not all, events which may therefore lead to an inconclusive diagnosis.
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95.
(p. 175)

Many courts deny the use of hypnosis in the case of dissociative amnesia because of the possibility that: A. the individual may not be able to come out of the hypnotic state. B. hypnosis will "create" memories through the power of suggestion. C. the hypnosis will cause more damage to the individuals' well-being. D. some individuals are not suggestible and cannot be hypnotized.
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #95

96.
(p. 175)

Depersonalization disorder is characterized by: A. the person suddenly taking flight, moving to another area, and creating a new identity. B. the presence of one or more distinct personalities vying for control of the individual. C. experiences in which the person feels detached from his/her mental processes or body. D. the person's inability to remember specific events, time periods, or personal information.
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97.
(p. 175)

To receive a diagnosis of depersonalization disorder, the person must: A. have frequent and distressing depersonalization episodes that disrupt functioning. B. have been under the influence of an illicit drug or be chronically sleep deprived. C. have alternating personalities trying to gain control. D. have been exposed to a traumatic event such as sexual assault.
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98.
(p. 175)

Most people who report depersonalization experiences also report all of the following EXCEPT _____. A. childhood cognitive deficits B. childhood emotional abuse C. childhood physical abuse D. childhood sexual abuse
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99.
(p. 175)

Repressed memories represent a form of _____. A. somatization B. factitious disorders. C. depersonalization D. dissociative amnesia
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Nolen - Chapter 06 #99

100.
(p. 177)

Freyd and colleagues (2007) suggest that individuals who dissociate from, and forget, their abusive experiences are most likely to perform differently from other individuals on _____ that require divided attention. A. creative assignments B. motor skills tests C. cognitive tasks D. routine activities
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101.
(p. 153156)

What are somatoform disorders? How are they different from psychosomatic disorders, factitious disorders, factitious disorders by proxy, and malingering? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Somatoform disorderspeople experience physical symptoms, no apparent organic cause, psychological factors are involved, symptoms not consciously produced or controlled Psychosomatic disordersan actual physical illness is worsened by psychological factors Factitious disordersfaking an illness to gain medical attention Factitious disorder by proxyparents fake or create illnesses in their children to gain attention for themselves Malingeringfaking symptoms or disorders to avoid unwanted situations
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #101

102.
(p. 157159)

What is conversion disorder? What are some of the common types of conversion symptoms? How did the psychoanalytic theory interpret this disorder? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Conversion disorderloss of functioning in a particular body part, person can have repeated episodes of conversion involving different parts of the body Symptomsparalysis, blindness, mutism, seizures, loss of hearing, severe loss of coordination, anesthesia in a limb, symptoms develop after an extreme psychological stressor. Psychoanalytic theoryglove anesthesia, hypnosis, transfer of psychic energy attached to repressed emotions or memories into physical symptoms
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #102

103.
(p. 159161)

Differentiate between somatization disorder and pain disorder. Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Somatization disorderhistory of complaints about physical symptoms, no physical causes, diagnosis requires pain symptoms in at least four areas (gastrointestinal, sexual, neurological); vague dramatic and exaggerated complaints Pain disordercomplaints of chronic pain in anatomical sites, psychological factors play an important part in the onset and maintenance of the pain
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104.
(p. 161162)

How would a cognitive theorist interpret somatization and pain disorder? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Cognitive theoryperson tends to experience bodily sensations more intensely, pays more attention to physical symptoms, catastrophizes symptoms Person's interpretation of experience may influence physiological processes, cognitions influence the way symptoms are presented to physician and family, physicians may prescribe potent medication or order more diagnostic tests, family members express more sympathy, excuse the person from responsibilities, encourage passive behavior, person's behavior is reinforced
Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #104

105.
(p. 163164)

What is hypochondriasis? What do we know about individuals diagnosed with hypochondriasis? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Hypochondriasisperson worries about having a disease but does not always experience severe physical symptoms, are likely to seek out medical attention immediately, may go through many medical procedures, float from physician to physician Individuals with hypochondriasisprone to chronic depression and anxiety, family histories of these disorders, inability to cope with distress in adaptive ways, dysfunctional beliefs about illness, misinterpret any physical change, do not appreciate suggestions that problems are caused by psychological factors, tend not to seek psychological treatment
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106.
(p. 164166)

Briefly describe body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: BDDexcessive preoccupation with a part of the body believed to be defective, individual spends hours looking at "deformed" body parts, performs elaborate rituals to improve or hide them, people avoid social activities and often become housebound Gender differenceswomen concerned with breasts, legs, hips, and weight; men are preoccupied with a small body build, genitals, excessive body hair, and hair thinning; typical concerns associated with each gender appear to parallel societal norms concerning attractiveness Characteristicsaverage age of onset is 16 years, average number of bodily preoccupations is about four, highly comorbid, OCD, cognitive-behavioral therapies
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107.
(p. 167170)

What is dissociative identity disorder (DID)? What are its symptoms? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: DIDmore than one distinct identity or personality (alter) takes control over individual's behavior on a regular basis Symptomsalters (child, persecutor, helper), amnesia, self-destructive behavior, hearing voices inside their heads; children show behavioral and emotional problems such as poor school performance, antisocial behavior, sexual relations, alcohol/drug abuse, PTSD, outbursts of anger, deep depression, and severe anxiety
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108.
(p. 170171)

What are some of the issues in diagnosing dissociative identity disorder (DID)? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: IssuesDID was first included in the third edition of the DSM, often misdiagnosed as schizophrenia; people with DID often are also diagnosed with at least three other disorders, other disorders diagnosed may be the result of DID, Cross-national differences in rates of diagnosisdiagnosed more frequently in the United States, Latinos more likely to experience symptoms; some researchers argue that psychiatrists in the United States are too quick to diagnose DID, while others argue that psychiatrists in other countries misdiagnose it as another disorder
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109.
(p. 172173)

Describe dissociative fugue and some of its key characteristics. Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Dissociative fugueperson will suddenly pick up and move to a new place, assume a new identity, no memory of previous identity, will behave normally in new environment, cannot remember anything from the past, may return to previous identity and home, resumes life as if nothing happened, no memory for what happened during the fugue Characteristicsfugue may last for days or years, person may experience repeated fugue states or a single episode, often is a response to chronic stress or a traumatic event, common in people who are highly hypnotizable and have histories of amnesia, low prevalence
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110.
(p. 173)

What is dissociative amnesia? What is meant by organic and psychogenic amnesia? Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses: Dissociative amnesiapeople have significant periods of amnesia but do not assume new personalities or identities, cannot remember important facts about their lives and their personal identities, are aware that there are large gaps in their memory or knowledge of themselves Organic amnesiabrain injury resulting from disease, drugs, or surgery; may involve anterograde amnesia Psychogenic amnesiapsychological causes (no brain injury), rarely involves anterograde amnesia, may involve retrograde amnesia
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 #110

6 Summary
Category Blooms: Application Blooms: Comprehension Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Difficulty: Medium Nolen - Chapter 06 # of Questions 19 20 71 49 61 110