AutoCAD 2002 Exercise Guide Ch1

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Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2002
Exercise Book

Prepared by:
Adzly Anuar
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Universiti Tenaga Nasional

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AutoCAD 2002 Exercise Book

2002-05 Adzly Anuar Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional
-2-
O Basic Commands
EXERCISE BOOK for AUTOCAD 2002

Contents

O Basic Commands
O Basic Drawing & Editing Commands
O Drawing Tools (OSNAP & OTRACK)
O Dimensioning & Tolerancing
O More Drawing & Editing Commands
O Layer & Block Commands
O Producing Drawings Multiview, Sectional, Auxilliary & Assembly
O Isometric Drawings
O 3D in AutoCAD
O Using Layout & Documentation

Terminology

Click or Left Click: Press (once) and release left mouse button (LMB).
Right Click: Press and release right mouse button (RMB).
Double Click: Commonly referred to clicking LMB twice.
Click and drag: Press (not release) left mouse button, and move the mouse. The
left mouse button is released to finish the command.

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-3-
O Basic Commands

O Basic Commands

Start AutoCAD 2002
o Click at: Windows Start > Programs > Mechanical Desktop 6 >
AutoCAD 2002

Create new drawing
1) Click at: Create Drawing tab in AutoCAD Today window.
2) At Select how to begin drop down list, select Start from scratch.
3) Click Metric.

Setup drawing limit (for this case, we want the size to be 30x15)
1) Select from menu: Format > Drawing Limits
OR type in command prompt box: Command: limits
2) In the command box, type as follows:
At Specify lower left corner <0.00,0.00> : press {Enter}
At Specify upper right corner : type in 30,15 and press {Enter}

Setup drawing unit
1) Select from menu: Format > Units , Drawing Units window will be
opened.
2) The options should be as shown in Figure 1-2.

1.0 Staring AutoCAD 2002 and creating New Drawing.
(This method could be used to create any new drawing in AutoCAD 2002)
Figure 1-1
Figure 1-2
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O Basic Commands

Setup grid and snap (for this case, we want the grid and snap spacing to be
one)
1) Click on Grid button at the bottom of the screen. Choose Settings.
Drafting Settings window will be opened.

2) In Drafting Settings window, enter 1 in Grid X spacing box and 1 in Snap
X spacing. Click OK.

3) Click on Grid button
4) If the grid dots is not displayed, at command prompt type in z {enter}
and a {enter}.

You may save you drawing by (Save Drawing dialog box will be opened) :
o Pressing Ctrl+S OR
o From menu: File > Save OR
o Click icon SAVE

You may open an existing drawing file by (Open Drawing dialog box will be
opened):
o Pressing Ctrl+O OR
o From menu: File > Open
o Click icon OPEN

You may create a new drawing by:
o Pressing Ctrl+N OR
o From menu: File > New OR
o Click icon NEW FILE

Figure 1-3
Figure 1-4
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-5-
O Basic Commands

To save your drawing:
o Select the directory you want to save your drawing.
o Type in the name of your drawing in the File Name box e.g. Draw1
o Click Save button

To open existing drawing:
o Select the directory of the drawing.
o Click on the file that you want to open.
o Click Open button
Figure 1-5 : Save Drawing Dialog Box
Figure 1-6 : Open Drawing Dialog Box
Filename
File type
Click to
save
Click to
cancel
Directory
/ location
of saved
file
Existing
file in the
directory
Preview
of the
drawing
Select /
Click on
the file to
be opened
Click to
open
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O Basic Commands

Create a new drawing with size of 30 by 15, and grid & snap spacing of one.
Draw the following object using absolute coordinate.

Type on the following command in command prompt box.

1.1 LINE command using absolute coordinate
Note:
The command LINE is used
to draw straight line. The
first point indicates the start
point of the line.
The points are defined using
X-Y coordinate. Press
{enter} after key in the
coordinate/ command.
The command C or CLOSE is
used to indicate that the last
point is the same as the first
point.
7,1
7,2
6,3
6,4
7,5
7,6
0,0
Figure 1-7
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-7-
O Basic Commands

Draw the following object using relative coordinate.

Type on the following commands in command prompt box.

1.2 LINE command using relative coordinate
Note:
The command L or l (small letter) is the same as LINE.
The symbol @ is used to indicate relative coordinate. The new coordinate is relative
to the previous coordinate in X and Y direction.
The command r or R or redraw is used to refresh the screen. It is useful to remove
any elements that is not supposed to be there. This command can be used at any
time.
Figure 1-8
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-8-
O Basic Commands

Draw the following object using polar relative coordinate.

Type on the following commands in command prompt box.

1.3 LINE command using polar relative coordinate
Note:
As in previous case, the
symbol @ is used to indicate
relative coordinate. The
symbol < is used to indicate
the angle, in degree.
The command undo or u is
used to cancel the previous
command.

Note:
More explanation on polar relative coordinate. Refer
to figure on the left.
Lets take the 1
st
point as (3,1). The second point is
located at a distance of 6 units and 0 degree from the
previous point (1
st
point). While the third point is
located at a distance of 3 units and 60 from the
previous point (2
nd
point).
For the angle, zero degree is on horizontal line, and
+ve angle is going counter clockwise.

1
st
point (3,1)
2
nd
point
3
rd
point
Figure 1-9
Figure 1-10
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-9-
O Basic Commands

Turn on the grid and snap mode.
Draw the following object.

Draw the straight lines
1) Click icon Line

2) Click on screen for the first point. (or type in 3,5 in command box)
3) Click or type for the 2
nd
point (1,10)
4) Next point: 6,10 8,7 11,7 11,3
5) Type in C {enter} for close.

Drawing Circle 1
1) Type in at command prompt box:
CIRCLE Specify center point : 3,5
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: 1

Drawing Circle 2
1) Click icon Circle
Command: _circle Specify center point: 3,8
Specify radius of circle: 1

Drawing Circle 3
1) Select from menu:
Draw > Circle > Center, Radius
Command: _circle Specify center: 9,5
Specify radius of circle: 0.5

Save your drawing

1.4 LINE and CIRCLE commands
1
st
point
2
nd
point
3
rd
point
Note:
You should be aware that
there are several methods in
producing the same output.
In general, to execute any
command, you could either
use the menu on the top, or
use the icon or by typing in
command prompt box.
The steps given in the
examples are just one way of
doing things.
You may use different way
which you may feel more
comfortable with. This may
depend on individual
preferences.
Circle 1
Circle 2
Circle 3
Figure 1-11
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-10-
O Basic Commands

Create a new drawing of appropriate size, and grid & snap spacing of one.
Turn on the grid and snap mode.
Draw the following object.

Start from 1st point
Draw straight line
1) Select from menu: Draw > Line
2) Type in: 0,0 for 1
st
point and @0,1 (2
nd
point). Press {enter}.
Draw 1
st
arc
1) Select from menu: Draw > Arc > Start, Center, End
2) Type in: Start point if arc 0,1 ; Center point of arc 0,2 ; End point of
arc 0,3 .
Draw straight lines
1) Select from menu: Draw > Line
2) Type in: 0,3 ; 0,4 ; 4,4 ;
Draw 2
nd
arc
1) Select from menu: Draw > Arc > Start, Center, End
2) Type in: Start point if arc 4,4 ; Center point of arc 4,6 ; End point of
arc 6,6 .
Using similar methods complete the drawing. You may use the following
steps:
o Draw straight line
o Draw 3
rd
arc
o Draw 4
th
arc
o Draw the circle
o Save your drawing

1.5 LINE,ARC and CIRCLE commands
Note:
You should always observe the
command prompt box. It would
indicate what you should do next. It
would also indicate that whether
the system is ready to execute a
new command or is currently
already in a certain command.
You cannot execute a new
command.
To cancel any command anytime,
press Esc Key

1
st
point (0,0)
Note:
You can draw
anywhere on the
drawing area, as
long as the
dimension is
correct.
For this example,
we set the lower
left point (0,0) as
the first point.
Use the grid to
calculate other
points.

Start point of
Center point of
End point of arc
1
st
arc
2
nd
arc
3
rd
arc
4
th
arc
Figure 1-12
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-11-
O Basic Commands

This example shows how to produce the frame or the title block. This frame
should be used for all your AutoCAD drawings. You only need to produce this
frame once. Save it in a file, for future uses.
Create a new drawing, size 36 by 26 and grid & snap spacing of 1. Turn on
grid and snap.

Draw the straight lines
1) Click on rectangle icon
2) Specify first corner: 0,0 (lower left hand corner)
Specify other corner: 36,26 (upper right hand corner)
3) Click icon line
Click on point (0,3) for start point and Click (36,3) for end point.
Press {enter} to finish the command.
4) Click icon line
Click point (33,3) and (33,0). Press {enter}
Press {enter}, click point (30,3) and (30,0). Press {enter}
Press {enter}, type point (0,1.5) and (16,1.5). Press {enter}
Press {enter}, type point (3,3) and (3,1.5). Press {enter}

1.6 Producing frame/title block
Figure 1-13
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O Basic Commands
Draw the text
1) Type in command text or select from menu Draw>Text>Single Line
Text
Start point of text: (16.2,2.3)
Height: 0.4
Rotation angle: 0
Enter Text: NAME
Press {enter}
2) Using same method, draw the following text:

Start point Height Rotation Text
16.2,1.3 0.4 0 COURSE
16.2, 0.3 0.4 0 DATE
27.2, 2.3 0.4 0 SID
27.2, 1.3 0.4 0 SECTION
27.3, 0.3 0.4 0 SCALE
34.1, 2.3 0.4 0 NO
0.2, 1.95 0.6 0 TITLE
0.5,0.45 0.6 0 UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL

Save your frame
Save your frame using reasonably easy to remember name, e.g. acadFrame
or FrameME. You need to use this frame style for all your AutoCAD drawings,
exercises and assignments. You just need to draw this frame once and import
to your subsequent drawings.

Import frame into other drawings
You must always import or copy the frame into the drawing not drawing
into the frame. You should also import the frame after you have finished
with the drawing.
To import the frame:
1) Open the file containing the frame, e.g. acadFrame.dwg.
2) Select all entities or elements of the frame, or you could block everything.
3) Copy (Ctrl+C or from menu Edit > Copy).
4) Switch window (from menu Window > yourdrawing).
5) Paste (Ctrl+V or from menu Edit > Paste).
6) You may find that the frame is too big or too small for your drawing. If so
you need to change the size of the frame by using Scale command. You
need to switch window back to frame file, resize the frame accordingly
and follow the same copy and paste process again.

Printing your drawing
To print the drawing, you need to execute the print command by pressing
Ctrl+P or from menu File > Plot or clicking the Plot icon. Plot dialog box
will be opened.
Under Plot Settings the following items may need changes:
1) Paper size should be A4.
2) Plot area normally we use Window and block all the entities in the
drawing.
3) Plot scale default is Scaled to fit, take note of the scale value given.

Note:
You may have different values for start points and/or the height. However you need
to make sure that the text can be fitted inside its box, with sufficient spacing.
Do not dimension your frame.
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-13-
O Basic Commands

Draw the following object. Use ZOOM and PAN to help you drawing the
object. Set the drawing limits to 400 by 300. Activate Grid and Snap. Set the
spacing to be 10.

Draw the outer part of the object.
1) Draw straight lines
1
st
point: 250,100
2
nd
point: 150,100
3
rd
point: 150,200
4
th
point: 250,200
2) Draw the arc

ZOOM WINDOW
1) Click on zoom window icon.
2) Click and drag a box around the object.
3) The view will get bigger.

1.7 ZOOM and PAN commands
1
st
Click here The drag box
2
nd
Click here
Figure 1-14
Figure 1-15
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-14-
O Basic Commands
Drawing the circles inside the object
1) Zoom at the lower left corner using zoom window command.

2) Draw the circle. The centre point is (170,120) and radius of 1.5
3) Use zoom previous command to obtain the previous view setting.
4) Zoom to the middle portion of the object. Draw the second circle. Centre
point (170,150), radius 3.
5) Draw the third circle. Use pan realtime to adjust the center of the view.
The cursor will change into a hand. Left click, and without releasing the
button, move the mouse. You would be able to adjust the center of the
view. Move the mouse downward, so that the center of the third circle is
somewhere in the middle of the screen.

6) The center of the third circle is (170,180) with radius of 5.
7) Zoom all (type in z {enter} and a {enter}).
8) You should obtain similar drawing as shown in Fig.

Original View Zoom window Zoom previous
Original View Zoom window Pan up
Figure 1-16
Figure 1-17
Figure 1-18
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-15-
O Basic Commands
Exercises 1

1) Draw the followings using absolute, relative and/or polar relative
coordinates.
(a) (b)

(c) (d)

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-16-
O Basic Commands
2) Draw the followings using LINE, ARC and/or CIRCLE commands. Use
standard frame for all drawings.

(a)

(c)

(b)

AutoCAD 2002 Exercise Guide Ch1

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