ALL 0-14 years

Auer rods
AML
15-59 years
(blasts >30%)
Leukemias Philadelphia
t(9;22)
CML
40-59 years
(blasts <30%)

Smudge cells
CLL
60+ years
 Iron deficiency

Thalassemia target cells

Microcytic
Anemia Lead poisoning
(MCV<80)

Sideroblastic Mitochondrial
anemias iron ring

Chronic
(Inflammatory)
Disease
 Acute hemorrhage

Enzyme defects G6PD, PKU

RBC membrane
Spherocytosis
defects

Bone marrow Aplastic anemia,

Normocytic Anemia
disorders leukemia

Hemoglobinopathies Sickle cell

Autoimmune
hemolytic anemia

↓ TIBC, ↑ ferritin, ↑
Anemia of chronic
Fe in marrow
disease
macrophages
 B12 deficiency

Megaloblastic

Macrocytic Folate deficiency

Anemia
(MCV>100)
Drugs that block
Sulfa, AZT
DNA synthesis
 Hepadnavirus
(Partial Circular)

Enveloped Herpesviruses

Poxvirus
dsDNA

Papovavirus
DNA Viruses Naked
(Linear)
Adenovirus

Parvovirus
ssDNA Naked
(Circular)
 Flaviviruses

Icosahedral,
Togaviruses
Enveloped

Retroviruses

+ ssRNA Picornaviruses
Icosahedral,
Naked
Caliciviruses

Helical, Enveloped Coronaviruses

Orthomyxoviruses

Paramyxoviruses

Linear

RNA Viruses Rhabdoviruses

Filoviruses
- ssRNA (Helical,
Enveloped

Arenaviruses

Circular Bunyaviruses

Deltavirus

Icosahedral,
dsRNA Reoviruses
Enveloped