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2013

2013
15

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1: ................................................................ 43

1.1.  -
................................................................................ 45
2: 
........................................................................................................................ 55

2.1.
............ 57

2.1.1. ..................................................... 64

2.1.2. ........................................ 67

2.1.3. 
............................................. 89
3: 2012-2013...................................... 91
4: 
.................................... 113

4.1.
........................................................................................ 115

4.2.
. .......................................... 125

4.3. 

;................................................................................................................... 129

4.4. 
..................................................................................... 131

4.5. 
............................................................................................. 132
5: ..................................................................................................... 143

5.1.
................. 145

5.2. 
.......................................................................... 162

5.2.1. 
. ................................................................................. 162

INE/

2013

5.2.2. 

........................................................................................ 166
5.2.3. 
(A 2013)...................... 172
5.2.4. ............................. 176
5.2.5. 
(1984-2012). ..................................................... 186

6:  ...................................... 195

6.1.
.......................................................................................................................... 197

6.2.
................................................... 200

6.3.
......................................... 205

6.4.
....................................................... 219

6.5.
.............................................. 225
7: . ................................................................................................. 243

7.1.  ,
......................................................................................................... 245

7.2.
& 2013. ............ 253

7.2.1. ..................................................... 253

7.2.2. . .............................. 255

7.2.3. ................................................ 257

7.2.4. ................................ 258

7.3.
&

-28 2008-2012. ............................................................................................. 260

7.3.1.

-28....................................................................................................................... 261
8: 
........................................................................................................ 267

8.1. 
...................................... 269

8.1.1. .......................................................................................................................... 269

8.1.2. 
..................................................................... 269

8.1.3. 
. ............................................................................................... 270

2013

INE/

9:




8.1.4. .................................................. 276


8.1.5. . ..................................................................................................... 279
8.2. 
................................................................................ 280
8.3.  :
,
.............. 305
8.3.1. . ....................................................................................................................... 305
8.3.2. 
2009-2012. .......................................................................... 306
8.3.3. 
2010-2012 .......................................................................... 310
8.3.4. 
2012...................................................................................................... 311
8.4. 
. .......... 313
............. 331
9.1.
.......................................................................................................................... 333
9.2.
. ............. 334
9.3.
...................................................................................................... 338
9.4.
........................................ 349
9.5.
............................................................................................................. 350

10: 
.................................... 353

10.1.
.4093/2012 .................... 355

10.1.1. ................................................................................................... 356

10.1.1.1. 15 (4.500 )................................ 356

10.1.1.2.  10.000
. ....................................................................................................... 357

10.1.1.3. 35.......................................................................................................... 359

10.1.2. . ......................................................................................... 360

10.1.2.1.  4.500
3.600
1.000
13 .......................................... 360

10.1.2.2.  35
................................................................................. 361

INE/

2013

10.1.2.3. ............................................................................ 362


10.2.
......................................................................................... 363
10.2.1. 
................................................. 363

10.2.2. .......................................................... 367

10.3. 


....................................... 370

10.3.1. ,

................................................................................................................................. 371

10.3.2. 
.......................................... 373
. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 377

..................................................................................................................................... 379

. .......................................................................................................................................... 383

.................................................................................................................................................... 396

2013

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1: . ...................................................... 94
2: 
( )............................................................................................................... 138
3: 
( 2008-2013)...................................................................... 168
4:  2008-2013
. (%
).................................................................................................. 169
5:  . 2008-2012
.............................................................................. 170
6:  ( 2 6/2012)................................. 179
7: - 3...................................................................... 182
8:  2 3
25 ............................................................................................... 183
9:  2 3
25 ....................................................................................................... 184
10:  ,
2 3.......................... 185
11: 
1984-2012................................................................................................................ 189
12:
................................................................................................... 202
13: ,
( )........................................................................... 207
14: 2006 2012,
2005........................................................................................ 219
15: ( ).......................... 220
16: 2006 2012,
, 2005. ..................... 222
17: ,
2009-2012. ................................................................................................................................................ 223
18: . ................................................................................... 228
19: . .............................................................................. 230
20:
2013.................................................................................................... 231
21: ( . ).................................... 234

INE/

2013

22: 2013 -2016................................................................................ 236


23:
............................................................................................. 241
24: 2012-2013. ......................................................... 254
25: 2012-2013. ....................... 254
26: 2012-2013........... 255
27: ,
.................................................................................................. 256
28: , .............. 258
29: ............................................ 259
30: -28
, ( .). ........................ 264
31: 15-24 -28
, ( .). ........................ 265
32: -28,
( .) 2012......... 266
33: .................. 282
34: .............................................................................................. 308
35:
.............................................................................................. 309
36: .............................................................................................. 309
37:
& , E27 (% ,
2 2011 - 2 2012)................................................................................. 325
38: , , ,
2012..................................................................... 337
39:
.......................... 342
40:
2001-2011. ............................................................................................................... 344
41: 2000 - 2010
1 2 .................................................................... 347
42: 2000-2010 ........................................... 348
43: 15 (4.500 )
-............................................................................................................................................ 356
44: 15 (4.500 )
-............................................................................................................................................ 357
45: ................................................................................................................ 358

2013

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46: .................................................................................................................... 359


47: 35 (- )................................................................... 359
48:
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49:
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50: 35 (- )......................................... 362
51: 1/1/1993........................................... 362
52: ...............................................................................................................369

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2:
3:

4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
11:
12:
13:

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(1981-2013)......................................................................................... 58

( 2012-2013). ....................................... 59

( ,
, 1975-2013).................................................................................. 60

(1995-2013)................................................................ 62

(1995-2013)................................................................ 63

............................. 66
2005 (1992-2013)..................................................... 67
2005
36 (1995-2013). ........................................................................... 68

(1990-2013)......................................................................................... 69

(1961-2013)......................................................................................... 70
36
(1995-2013).................................................................................................................... 71
(1990-2013)........................................... 72
( % )
(1990-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 74

2013

14:
(1983-2011)....................................................................................................................................... 75
15:
(1995-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 76
16:
(1995-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 77
17:
(2005-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 78
18:
(1990-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 80
19:
(2005-2013)..................................................................... 81
20: ,

( ) (1996-2013).......................................................................... 84
21: /

(1991-2013)................................................................................................ 86
22: /

(1991-2013)................................................................................................... 87
23:
(1990-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 95
24: AE
-15 (1991-2013)..................................... 97
25:
36
(2005-2013)....................................................................................................................................... 98
26: 36
(1995-2013)...................................................................................................................... 99
27:
(1990-2013)...................................................................................... 100
28:
(1990-2013)............................................................................ 101
29: , ,
2005 (1995-2013)......................................................................... 102
30:
(1983-2013).................................................................................................................................... 103

2013

INE/

31:
32:
33:
34:

(1983-2013).............................................................. 104
(1983-2013)............................ 104
/ (1983-2013)........................................................ 105
,
2005, (1990-2013)....................................................................... 106
35: ,
2005, (1990-2013)....................................................................... 107
36:
, (1996-2013).................................................................................................. 108
37:
(1995-2013)............................................................. 109
38:
(1990-2013).................................................................................................................................... 110
39: /
(1987-2013). ............................................................................................ 111
40:
(2009-2013).................................................................................................................................... 117
41:
............................................................................................ 118
41: ..................................................................... 122
42:
( 4
) (2000-2012)............................................................ 139
43: ,

( 4
).................................................................... 140
44: ,
( % 1995=100), (1995-2013)............... 145
45:
% -15, . %
-15 (1991-2013).... 146
46:
36 , ,
(2005-2013).................................................................................................................................... 149
47:
, , (1995-2013). ............................ 151
48: %
, (1986-2013).................................................................. 152

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2013

49:
(%) (1986-2013)......................................................... 153
50:
36 ,
, 1995-2012............................................................................................... 154
51: , , 2013......................... 156
52: ,
, =100 (2013)................................................. 157
53: ,
(2013)........................................................................................................................... 159
54: ,
(2013)......................................................................................... 160
55: ,
(=100), (2013).............................................................................. 161
56: . 2006 2010
( 10 ). ........................................................... 166
57:
., 2010-2012................................................................................................ 171
58: .
2013 ( 12 )........................................ 173
59:
. -
2013.............................................................................................................................. 174
60:
() . - 2013............................................... 175
61:

. 2013. .......................................... 176
62:
1984-2013................................................................................................................... 187
63:
1984=100................................................................................................................... 188
64: ,
................................................. 201
65: . ............................................................... 204
66:
, 2010-2011-2012.................................................................................................. 206
67: , , 2011-2012. .......... 209

2013

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68:
69:
70:
71:
72:
73:
74:
75:
76:
77:
78:
79:
80:
81:
82:
83:
84:
85:
86:
87:

88:
89:
90:
91:
92:

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, -27 -17............................ 209


, , 2011-2012........................ 210
, -27 -17......................................... 211
, ,
2011-2012-2013........................................................................................................................... 213
, -27 -17. ................................ 213
, 2000-2013,
A-17 - - .. ......................................................................................... 215
, 2000-2013, A-17 - ................ 216
, 2000-2013,
. .............. 217
, 2000-2013 . ................... 218

. .................................................................................................... 224

.................................................................................. 226
2012, ( . ).................................... 232
( 2012)............................ 233
......................................................... 233

(31/12/2012) ( . ). ...................................................................................... 234
..................................................................... 242
(1990-2013)................................................................................... 245
(1985-2013). .............. 247
, %
(1990-2013).................................................................................................................................... 248


(1995-2013).................................................................................................................................. 249
, % (2006-2013). ................. 250
, ,
(1990-2013).................................................................................................................................... 251

(1995-2013).................................................................................................................................... 252
................................................................ 260

, , 1998 2010 ()........................................................... 313

2013

93:
,
1995 2010 ().......................................................................................................... 316
94:
,
, 1995 2010 ()............................................................................................... 317
95:
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1995 2010 ().......................................................................................................... 319
96: ,
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97:
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1995 2010 ().......................................................................................................... 322
98: 27 (20 - 64 )
2 2008 - 2 2012 (%).............................................................. 324
99: 27,
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2 2012 (% )................................................................................ 326
100: ,
, 27,
2 2011 2 2012 ().............................................. 328
101:
, 27,
2 2011 2 2012 ().............................................. 329
102: 1980-2010 ................................................. 346
103: 1980-2010............................................. 346

2013

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, 2005, (1990-2013)
6

&%) &!%&) .&!)

-2

-4

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0: Annual Macroeconomic Database, ($+,0 '$#0.

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36
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Ameco Database +$("- "&$!".


::
Ameco Database, .

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( 1, 2, 3 4 2).
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(1995-2013)
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2011

2013

: Annual Macroeconomic Database, +$("- "&$!".

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2013

38
(1990-2013)
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4.1.
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2:
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 20
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: % 
 


    



 

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

const.
t-value
Signif.
lnD_4
t-value
Signif.
lnD_2
t-value
Signif.
ln(WL/Pc)
t-value
Signif.
ln(WL/Pc)_4
t-value
Signif.
ln(PY-WL)/Pc_4
t-value
Signif.
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t-value
Signif.
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t-value
Signif.
lnD_2
t-value
Signif.
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t-value
Signif.
ln(WL/Pc)
t-value
Signif.
ln(WL/Pc)_1
t-value
Signif.
ln(WL/Pc)_2
t-value
Signif.
ln(WL/Pc)_3
t-value
Signif.
ln(PY-WL/Pc)
t-value
Signif.
ln(PY-WL/Pc)_1
t-value
Signif.
ln(PY-WL)/Pc_2
t-value
Signif.
ln(PY-WL)/Pc_3
t-value
Signif.
GDP_Gap
t-value
Signif.
R2
DW

(1)

0.923
2.326
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0.376
2.875
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(2)

1.033
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0.425
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1.519
3.707
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0.316
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1.664
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0.138
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0.217
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0.277
3.289
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0.755
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0.041
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0.766
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2013

0.112
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(5)

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42.
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5.1.
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50

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5

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1991

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: Annual Macroeconomic Database, +$("- "&$!".

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2013

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2009, 20102013, /
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2012, 2010-2102,

, 2000, .

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Annual Macroeconomic
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54
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35
30
25
20
15
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0

EU EA
27 17

LV LT RO PL EE CY DE UK BG IE HU SK MT CZ HR NL SI PT EL AT ES LU IT DK BE FR FI SE

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31 29 27 25 23 23 20 22 19 21 22 18 14 17

2010 17 15

28 27 26 24 24 23 22 22 22 21 20 19 18 18 18 18 17 16

18 19 21 16 14 13 13 10

9 7,6 7,1 4,8 1,8

15 15 13 12 7,7 6,4 6,1 5,9 2,5

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5.2.2. 

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)
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(2008-2012), (2009-2012) (2009-2011) (2010-2011).
,
2008-2010,
2011. ( 2007)
23 %
2010.

12. 1462
..

INE/

2013

3:
( 2008-2013)
2008

2008

2009

2009

2010

2010

2011

2011

2012

2012

2013
A

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

1.462

EL *

794

794

818

863

863

863

863

877

877

684

684

ES *

700

700

728

728

739

739

748

748

748

748

753

PT *

497

497

525

525

554

554

566

566

566

566

566

BE -

1.310

1.336

1.388

1.388

1.388

1.388

1.415

1.444

1.444

1.472

1.502

FR -

1.280

1.321

1.321

1.338

1.344

1.344

1.365

1.365

1.398

1.426

1.430

LU -

1.570

1.610

1.642

1.683

1.683

1.725

1.758

1.758

1.801

1.801

1.874

IE -

MT -

617

617

635

635

660

660

665

665

680

680

697

1.335

1.357

1.381

1.399

1.408

1.416

1.424

1.435

1.447

1.456

1.469

SI -

539

567

589

589

597

734

748

748

763

763

784

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CZ -

269

269

296

296

308

308

317

317

327

327

338

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8.000

8.000

8.000

8.000

8.000

8.000

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800

800

800

800

800

800

800

800

800

800

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EE -

278

278

278

278

278

278

278

278

290

290

320

LV -

160

160

180

180

180

180

200

200

200

200

200

BG -

220

220

240

240

240

240

240

240

270

290

310

RO -

500

500

600

600

600

600

670

670

700

700

700

NL -

HU -
PL -
UK - .

69.000 69.000 71.500 71.500 73.500 73.500 78.000 78.000 93.000 93.000 98.000
1.126

1.126

1.276

1.276

1.317

1.317

1.386

1.386

1.500

1.500

1.600

911

911

948

948

956

956

978

978

1.004

1.004

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: E
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.

2013

INE/

4: 2008-2013
. (% )
2008
A

2008

2009

2009

2010

2010

2011

2011

2012

2012

2013
A

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0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

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1,3

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5,6

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0,0

0,0

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3,9

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2,5

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1,9

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2,9

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3,9

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0,8

0,0

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1,6

1,8

1,3

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,8

0,8

0,7

0,9

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5,2

4,0

0,0

1,4

22,9

1,9

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0,0

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0,0

0,0

0,0

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0,0

0,0

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0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

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0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

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12,5

0,0

0,0

0,0

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0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

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22,2

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9,1

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

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7,4

6,9

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28,2

0,0

20,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

11,7

0,0

4,5

0,0

0,0

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5,3

0,0

3,6

0,0

2,8

0,0

6,1

0,0

19,2

0,0

5,4

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13,3

0,0

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5,2

0,0

8,2

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3,2

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4,1

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0,8

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2,3

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1,6

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 Eurostat.
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.

INE/

2013

5: . 2008-2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

IE -

3,1

-1,7

-1,6

1,2

1,9

EL -

4,2

1,3

4,7

3,1

1,0

ES -

4,1

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2,0

3,1

2,4

PT -

2,7

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1,4

3,6

2,8

BE -

4,5

0,0

2,3

3,5

2,6

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3,2

0,1

1,7

2,3

2,2

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4,1

0,0

2,8

3,7

2,9

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4,7

1,8

2,0

2,5

3,2

NL -

2,2

1,0

0,9

2,5

2,8

SI -

5,5

0,9

2,1

2,1

2,8

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3,9

0,9

0,7

4,1

3,7


CZ -

6,3

0,6

1,2

2,1

3,5

LT -

11,1

4,2

1,2

4,1

3,2

EE -

10,6

0,2

2,7

5,1

4,2

LV -

15,3

3,3

-1,2

4,2

2,3

BG -

12,0

2,5

3,0

3,4

2,4

RO -

7,9

5,6

6,1

5,8

3,4

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4,0

4,7

3,9

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4,2

4,0

2,7

3,9

3,7

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3,6

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3,3

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2,8

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,
,

( ).


2010-2011 - 2012 2 , , 22%
( 32%
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, .

2013

INE/



( ) 57.

. 2010-2012
(
Eurostat
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7 (
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PL

LV

SK

RO

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MT

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2000

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1800
1502
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1600
1400

1264

1200
1000
800

566

600
400
200
0

157

159

RO

BG

287

290

312

LV

LT

CZ

2013S1 157,3 158,5 287,1 289,6 312

320

338

341

374

377

EE

SK

HU

HR

PL

PT

684

697

EL

MT

753

784

ES

SI

UK

FR

IE

NL

BE

LU

320 337,7 340,6 374,3 376,6 565,8 683,8 697,4 752,9 783,7 1264 1430 1462 1469 1502 1874

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 urostat.

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INE/

2013

59

. - 2013

. - ' 2013
5
4,5

4,35 4,32

4
3,5
3
2,38 2,36

2,5

2,19 2,14

2,03 2,01

1,83 1,82

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0,98 0,91 0,87

0,54 0,48 0,47 0,47 0,46


0,36

0,5
0
RO

BG

LV

LT

CZ

EE

SK

HU

HR

PL

PT

EL

MT

ES

SI

UK

FR

IE

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4,35 ,
36% .

: Eurostat. /, 2013.

58 59,
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INE/

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( 60).
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()
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()
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1800
1524

1600
1400
1153

1200
1000
800
600
400

274

321

384

411

425

440

467

LV

EE

CZ

LT

SK

545

650

654

PT

PL

715

895

913

MT

SI

1257 1298

1353 1358

775

200
0

RO

BG

HU

EL

ES

UK

IE

FR

BE

NL

LU

2013S1 273,9 321,1 383,9 410,8 425,1 440,4 466,7 545,1 649,9 654,5 715,1 774,8 895,3 913,1 1153 1257 1298 1353 1358 1524
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INE/

2013

61

.
2013

.
' 2013
3
2,61
2,5

2,23
1,86

1,74 1,68
1,62

1,5

1,53
1,31
1,10 1,09

0,92

0,80 0,78

0,5

0,62 0,57
0,55 0,53 0,53
0,47

0
RO

BG

LV

EE

CZ

LT

SK

HU

PT

PL

EL

ES

MT

SI

UK

IE

FR

BE

NL

LU

2,6
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: Eurostat. /, 2013.

5.2.4.

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,
.

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2010 ,

2013

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,

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INE/

2013


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(1%) . ,
,
( 74 3863/2010).
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2 ( 2012)
(. 4046/2012 (6/2012)19 :
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,
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6 1 . 4046/2012.
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2013

INE/

6: ( 2 6/2012)
25

0-3
3-6
6-9
9

586,08
586,08
586,08
586,08

0,00
58,61
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58,61
58,61
58,61
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14.2.2012
586,08
644,69
703,30
761,90


14.2.2012
644,69
703,30
761,91
820,51


14.2.2012
26,18
27,49
28,80
30,11
31,42
32,73
34,03


14.2.2012
28,80
30,11
31,42
32,73
34,04
35,35
36,65

0-3
3-6
6-9
9-12
12-15
15-18
18

14.2.2012
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18

0,00
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2,62
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6,55
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2,62
2,62
2,62
2,62
2,62
2,62
2,62

25

0-3
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510,95
510,95

0,00
51,10

51,10
51,10


14.2.2012
510,95
562,05


14.2.2012
562,05
613,15


14.2.2012
22,83
23,97
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14.2.2012
25,11
26,25
27,39

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INE/

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2013

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.

2012 ( 22% 32%)
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INE/

2013

7: - 3
25


0-3
3-6
6-9
9


586,08
586,08
586,08
586,08


0,00
58,61
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586,08
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0-3
3-6
6-9
9-12
12-15
15-18
18


26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18
26,18


0,00
1,31
2,62
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6,55
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26,18
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28,80
30,11
31,42
32,73
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25


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510,95


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22,83
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: . , . . 263552/839, 28-11-2012..


,
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2013

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, ,
2010-2012 ( 2)
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.
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2011 2,6%,
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1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

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2010

2012

: -, . . & ( 2011) .


2012 2013 ( 2)
2013.

2013

INE/

INE/

2013

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

1988

1987

1986

1985

1984

1.1-30.4.84
1.5-31.8.84
1.9-31.12.84
1.1-30.4.85
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1.9-31.12.88
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1.1-31.8.90
1.9-31.12.90
1.1.91
1.7.91
1.1.92
1.7.92
1.1.93
1.7.93
1.1.94
1.7.94
1.1.95
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1202
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1314
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2013

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1.7.11
34,44

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2012
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2013
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2010
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)

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,
World Economic
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2013.

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,

80

70

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0
1980

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2015

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: IMF, World Economic Outlook 2013.

, 12 ,
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19,9
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*= , **=

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: IMF, World Economic Outlook 2013.

,
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Forecast, Spring 201
3.

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on Public
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, European Economy.

2013

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10 12 14

67
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2012

: Ameco

Database.

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: Ameco Database.

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EE-27

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: Ameco Database.

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: International Monetary Fund.

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-6

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

-8

: International Monetary Fund.


( 76). (20 )
.

INE/

2013

76
, 2000-2013
30


25
20
15
10
5

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

: International Monetary Fund.

.
,
, .
,

.
, ,

.
,
,
,

.

2013

INE/

6.4.
2012 , , . .
.
, , 20% 26%
2014,
.
2012, , 193.749 . , 208.532
. , 2011. ( ) 6,4%
2011.
14: 2006 2012,
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

1.

4,4

3,6

4,3

-1,6

-6,2

-7,7

-9,1

2.

3,1

7,1

-2,6

4,9

-8,7

-5,2

-4,2

14,9

22,8

-14,3

-13,7

-15,0

-19,6

-19,2

3.1

22,7

-8,9

-12,7

-10,0

-12,2

-28,4

-15

3.2

15,6

37,0

1,3

-24,0

-20,0

-18,1

-23,9

3.3

24,4

-10,2

-4,2

15,8

-7,1

-16,9

-3

4.

7,0

4,7

-1,2

-3,0

-8,3

-9,3

-9,8

5.

0,5

1,6

1,1

-1,8

-0,3

0,4

0,8

6.

3,1

6,9

1,7

-19,4

5,2

0,3

-2,4

7.

6,2

5,9

-5,4

-7,1

-8,7

-9,4

-9,8

8.

8,2

14,6

0,9

-20,2

-6,2

-7,3

-13,8

5,5

3,5

-0,2

-3,1

-4,9

-7,1

-6,4

3.


( )
2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

1.

3,0

2,6

3,0

-1,2

-4,4

-5,6

-6,5

2.

0,4

1,3

-0,5

0,9

-1,7

-0,9

-0,8

3.

4,2

1,3

-3,9

-3,2

-3,0

-3,6

-3,0

INE/

2013

3.1

2,9

-1,3

-1,7

-1,2

-1,3

-2,1

-1,6

3.2

1,1

2,7

0,1

-2,4

-1,6

-1,4

-1,6

3.3

0,2

-0,1

0,0

0,1

-0,1

-0,1

0,0

7,6

5,2

-1,4

-3,5

-9,1

-10,2

-10,5

-0,1

1,1

1,1

-2,7

1,3

0,7

0,4

6.

0,7

1,6

0,4

-4,7

1,0

0,1

-0,6

7.

8,2

7,9

-0,3

-6,2

-7,8

-9,5

-10,1

8.

2,7

4,9

0,3

-7,7

-1,9

-2,3

-4,2

5,5

3,5

-0,2

-3,1

-4,9

-7,1

-6,4

4.
5.

: .

,
14.
, 9,1% 2011.
. . ,
,

. 15,
.
15: ( )
2010
( )

2011

2012

-6,9

-8,7

-11
,
8

-5,5

-6,0

-9
,
0

-11,7

-18,8

-20,4

-12,7

-15,7

-16,3

-4,32

-5,2

-12,0

..

-37,2

-29,8

-41,7

-26,4

-0,5

-3,1

: .

19,2%
2011. , 2012 2007,

2013

INE/

56.469 . (
2005), 2012 23.038 . ( 2005)
60%. ,
, ,
.
,
, .

, . ,


.
13,8%.
.
48.179 . , 2005,
7.692 . 2011.
2,4%.
42.227 . , 2005, 1.056 .
2011.
. ,

.
, , 2012, .

INE/

2013

16: 2006 2012, ,


2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

1.

6
,3

3,5

-1,5

-2,9

-8,0

-6,9

-7,2

2.

8,9

4,2

-3,3

-3,6

-11,4

-7,2

-8,5

3.

4,1

3,0

0,0

-2,2

-5,2

-6,6

-6,2

-13,4

-10,3

2,0

5,2

5,5

-5,4

-3,2

11,8

-1,9

-10,2

-7,4

-8,9

-11,7

-3,9

3,2

5,1

2,7

-1,3

-4,8

-5,6

-6,7

9,2

6,7

-2,3

-9,4

-3,1

-10,8

-7,9

-63,9

-22,3

-17,2

4,8

-20,7

-10,3

-7,1

5,5

3,5

-0,2

-3,1

-4,9

-7,1

-6,4

3.1
3.2
3.3
4.
5.

: .

, 2012, 6,2%.

.
3,2% 2011, 5,4%.
(, ) 3,9%.
( -11,7% 2011
-3,9% 2012)
32. , , ,
.
6,7%.
17
.
.
.

32. 24,3%, 2012, , 2012, 2012.

2013

INE/

17: , 2009-2012
2009

2010

2011

2012

-8,9

-5,9

-13,5

-11,9

-10,2

-1,1

-7,2

-11,0

-31,5

-18,1

-1,7

-3,3

-22,8

-8,5

-2,7

-15,3

-9,1

-8,2

-7,4

-17,2

-28,3

-9,3

-2,9

-11,2



: .


( ) 2012, 1% 3,1% 2011.
77
.
2013 .

(-1,3%, 2013)33.
,
,
.
, ,
,
,
.

33. , 2012, 2012.

INE/

2013

77


5

0
2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006
EA-17

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

: Ameco Database.

2013,
, (
European

Economy
Forecast
, 2013),
2013 ( 5%),
2014 (-1,2% ),
.
, 2013, 4,7%.
(, , )
2012,
2013 . ,
,
. .
,
2014, .

2013

INE/

6.5.
.


.
()
( 2010) (
2011),
( 2011). , ,

( 2 2012) 2013-2016 ( 2012). 130 .
,
(
PSI
).

,
,
.
34
Blanchard
35
Leigh
,
. 0,5
1,5
,

34.
International Monetary Fund,

Request for Extended Arrangement

Under the Extended Fund Facility

Staff Report

,
2013.
35.
Blanchard O., Leigh

D.,

Growth Forecast Errors

and Fiscal Multipliers


, IMF

Working Papers,

201
3.

INE/

2013

( )
(
).
2012 8,1% 10,9% 2011
( 78).
2012 15.668 . 22.773 . , 2011.
78

16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2008

2009

2010

2011

2012*

: , .


.
, 2012, 51.497 .
55.442 . 2011, 7,1% ( 18).
2012
3,4% 2011.
,
,
.

2013

INE/

, 778
.
.
20,3%.
2012
.
( 2013)

18% (2011) (2010)
52%.
(2011) 38,5%
(2010)
17,7%.
, (37,9%).

( ),


.
, ,
.
8,9%.


.

11,4% .
,

18,3%

.

INE/

2013

,
,
2011
. , 2012 15 . 36.
18:
.

2009

2010

2011

2012*

21.432 20.224 20
.318 21.096
.
1.
16.590 14.287 12.933 13.311
-
10.841 9.398 8.285 9.968
-
3.790 3.149 2.760 1.715
2.  , ,
526
487 1.172 2.857

3.
2
1
1
0
4. . .
2.446 2.874 1.911 1.812
5.
1.868 2.578 4.301 3.116
28.291 31.042 28.632 26.082
.
1.  254
217
198
162

2. 
2.229 2.046 1.910 1.433
-

1.756 1.
796 1.810 1.380
-  /
441
226
89
44

-
32
24
11
9
3.
23.758 27.150 25.106 23.147
-
14.826 15.578 15.077 13.575
-
4.374 5.698 4.653 4.464
-
2.566 2.913 3.045 2.707
-
1.046 1.591 1.117 1.305
-  .
63
52
42
36
-
882 1
.
317 1.172 1.060
4.
1.453 1.120
905
733
5.
597
509
513
607
.
49.723 51.266 48.951 47.179
IV.


3.720 4.
912 6.490 4.318

53.443 56.1
79 55.442 51.497


2010201120122009
2010
2011*
-5,6
0
,5
3
,8
-13,9
-9,5
2,9
-13,3
-11,9
20,3
-16,9
-13,1
-37,9
-7,4

140,7

143,8

-70,0
17,5
37,8
9,7

0,0
-33,5
67,0
-7,8

----5,2
-27,6
-8,9

-14,6

-8,8

-18,2

-8,2
2
,
3

-6,6
0,8

-25,0
-23,8

-48
,
8

-60,6

-50,6

-25,0
14,3
5,1
30,3
13,5
52,1
-17,5
49,3
-22,9
-14,7
3,1
31,5

-54,2
-7,5
-3,2
-18,3
4,5
-29,8
-19,2
-11,0
-19,2
0,8
-4,5
32,1

-18,2
-7,8
-10,0
-4,1
-11,1
16,8
-14,3
-9,6
-19,0
18,3
-3,6
-33,5

5,1

-1,3

-7,1

*=
: , .

36. , 2012, 2012.

2013

INE/

12,3% (61.499 . )
2011 (70.146 . ) ( 19).

,
.
, 2012,
6,0% 3,2% 2011 20.511 .
21.823 . .
, 8,6% 2012 6,4% 2011.


.
.
5,5% 2012,
12,4% 2011. , 16.742 .
17.715 . . ,
, .
.
8,7%
2011, 2011 21,5%.
,
,

.
22,5%. (
PSI
).

,
6.114 . , 2012 6,8%, 22,4% 2011 11,8% 2010.

INE/

2013

,
,
.
19:
.
. 

1.

2.
 (

)
3.
: .
.
4

.
5.


8.


9.


. 

. 
( + )




2010

2011

67.75
8

70.146

22.543

21.823

6.253

* *.
2012
2013
61.499

201120122010
2011*

55.802

3
,5

-12,3

20.511

18.499

-
3,2

-6,0

6.572

6.564

5.763

5,1

-0,1

13.223

16.348

12.223

8.900

23,6

-25,2

15
.764

17.715

16.742

14.969

12,4

-5,5

13
.
524

15.154

14.466

12.600

12,1

-4,5

5.775

5.003

3.474

3.777

-
13,4

-30,6

8.097

7.020

6.410

6.305

-
13,3

-8,7

367

435

392

400

18,5

-9,9

1.017

360

410

750

-
64
,6

13,9

8.454

6.559

6.114

6.850

-
22,4

-6,8

76.212

76.705

67.614

62.652

0,6

-11,9

62.989

60.357

55.391

53.752

-4,2

-8,2

52.179

51.562

47.137

44.650

-
1,2

-8,6

19.549

28.843

23.905

12.845

47
,5

-17,1

*=
: , .

2013

INE/

201337 2012.
(856 . )
( ) 3.056 .
.
20: 2013
.
.  /
(1+2)
1.  /
(+-)
.
. 
/.
.
2. 

.

(1+2)
1.  /
(++++)
.
B

.
.
.
E

. 
EFSF
2. 


(-+)

(-)

2013

2012
23.192

22.567

23.423

-856

21.689

20.837

21.743

-906

23.465

21.371

22.988

-1.617

65

39

26

1.776

600

1.284

-684

1.503

1.730

1.680

50

35.669

27.564

30.617

-3.053

33.636

25.792

27.767

-1.975

24.202

21.407

23.322

-1.915

99

59

180

-121

174

733

835

-101

9.160

3.480

3.317

163

112

113

-1

2.033

1.772

2.850

-1.078

-3.316

-1.516

-3.877

2.360

-12.477

-4.997

-7.194

2.197

: .

37. , , 2013.

INE/

2013


,

.
2012, 75,3
. ( 2012 25 . ,
, , PSI

), 50,2 .
.
2012 79,
80 81.
79
2012,
( . )
45000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000

5000

: , .

2013

INE/

80
( 2012)
1,3%

40,0%

58,7%

: , .

81

16,53

2012

2,36

2011

3,68

2010

5,66

2009

10,96

2008
0

10

12

14

16

18

: , .

INE/

2013


:
21:
( . )
31/12/2012

104.654,42

81.769,19

4.308,23

220,02

18.356,98

200.882,91

5.212,33

118,50

7.069,12

183.098,58

5.384,38

305.537,33

: , .

, :
82
(31/12/2012)
( . )
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 57

&

: , .

2013

INE/


2012 161% , 9,5% 2011
(170,6%).
(
PSI
) .
2012, .
, ( )
2013 2014 175% ,

2013-2016 .
.
2013-2016

14,244 .


.
(10.354 . 3.890
).
,
3,0% 2015 4,5% 2016
3.500 . 38.
, 2013-2016 :

38. , 2012, 2012.

INE/

2013

2013

INE/

15

1.4

40

2.2

16
11

3.8

3.9

9
3
2

3.13 /

3.15

41

292

3.14 .

3.12

3.11

11

3.10 .

55

3.7

3.5

3.6

10
431

3.4

130

3.2 ()

3.3

127

3.1 ( )

1.174

10

2.1 -

3.

50

2.

150

17

1.5

203

1.3

385

2013

1.2 25% -

1.1

1.

32

88

204

110

50

160

150

79

50

284

2014

22: 2013 -2016

2015

75

50

50

2016

44

12

13

74

292

11

16

11

67

431

10

88

300

127

1.497

150

60

210

300

18

20

281

100

719

INE/

2013

90

6.2

29

390

6.1

25
455

6.

5.9

30

5.7

5.8 65

82

-25

5.6

5.5 . .

5.4

86

5.2

5.3

12

5.1

210

4.12

5.

31

112

42

673

1.668

100

4.11

4.10

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

1.080

247

4.3 1000

631

4.2 2013 2014

4.680

31

4.1 2

4.

3.17 /

3.16

56

410

620

114

-20

-35

12

71

15

32

162

24

328

563

48

19

38

12

12

14

34

26

61

140

78

-11

12

12

14

42

29

92

36

39

85

800

1.113

25

114

30

82

-20

-25

-35

86

50

307

90

31

112

42

717

1.776

106

169

1.158

247

1.020

5.475

167

2013

INE/

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.4

80

379

130

1.2

1.3

152

1.782

2013

1.1

1.

76

9.3

41

9.4

132

39

8.3 ( )

9.2

23

8.2

9.1

24

8.1 /

249

86

8.

9.

22

7.5

44

7.4

223

7.3

10

7.2

7.1

303

6.4

7.

0
36

6.3

60

187

50

237

2.024

2014

14

24

86

123

37

37

13

69

14

100

38

115

26

15

56

97

10

10

103

2015

0
38

2016

-19

26

26

140

187

50

379

237

130

15

152

3.890

66

76

79

274

495

39

23

71

133

35

44

292

27

406

112

115

INE/

2013

1.16

: 2013-2016.

36

1.15

11

1.14

218

1.13 10%

609

1.12 30%

1.11

1.10

1.9

68

1.1127

23

21

237

103

-2

-19

68

17

1.230

178

241

21

609

237

39. ()
2013-2016 (
,
), .

.

. International Monetary Fund


Greece: Third Review

Under the Extended Arrangement

Under the Extended Fund

FacilityStaff Report; Staff Statement; Press Release; and Statement by the Executive Director for Greece, June
2013.

2013

INE/

INE/

2013

4,7
6,3

6,3

: International

Monetary Fund,

2013.

4,7

5,0

-0,2

112,9

5,0

-0,2

112
,9

2008

2010

2011

-11,3

1,1

4,4

-4,9

148,3

-8,6

1,0

4,6

-7,1

170,3

3,9

2,3

4,5

-3,1

129,7

-11,3

1,1

4,4

-4,9

148,3

-8,6

1,0

4,6

-7,1

170,3

3,9

2,3

4,5

-3,1

129,7

2009

-5,1

-0,8

2,7

-6,4

156,9

-5,1

-0,8

2,7

-6,4

156,9

2012

-4,2

-3,5

2,5

-4,2

180,5

-6,5

-1,1

2,5

-4,2

175,8

2013

-3,4

-1,2

2,7

0,6

182,1

-4,2

-0,4

2,7

0,6

174,2

2014

0,1

0,1

3,0

2,9

181,7

-3,0

0,4

3,0

2,9

168,2

2015

-0,5

1,2

3,2

3,7

176,4

-2,1

1,1

3,2

3,7

159,5

2016

23:

2,6

1,8

3,5

2,6

147,2

2,6

1,7

3,5

2,6

124,2

2020

1,7

2,1

4,9

1,8

111,3

1,8

2,0

4,9

1,8

86,2

2030

83

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2020

2030

: International Monetary Fund, 2013.

2020 124,2%
, 147,2% .

. ,
, , ,
.

.

snowball

effect
(
) 2009-2012
50%
.
129,7% 2009 182,1% 2014
,
PSI.

2013

INE/

e 7


7.1. ,

Eurostat, 2013,
1,35 ( )
2010. 2014,
60.000 (
). , .
2013, 5,02 , 5,05
2010. ,
.
(
) .
84
(1990-2013)
30
27.0

25

24.3

% &!+ $&! + .!

20
17.7

15
12.0
11.1

10

6.4

7.1

7.9

8.6

8.9

9.2

12.6
11.2

10.7

9.6 9.8

10.3

9.7

10.5

9.9
8.9

9.5
8.3

7.7

0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

:  $  #) $),  

: , .

INE/

2013

, 2008 2009, 4,8


2013 3,9 .
(2001-2008), 2009-2013
27,0% ( Eurostat, 84).
,
2014 26,0% ( ). /
, 2013
24,2% 2012 29%-30% 2014 31,5%.
, - 27
( 12,1%, 19,2 . 26,4 . .. - 27,
urostat, M 2013) 2013, ( 2012
- 2013), 1,34 .
..-27 1,32 . (Eurostat, 2013)40.
/ 1/3.
, .

40. ( 2013) 2014 28,2% (


) 26,8% 2013. 27,8% 26,9% 12,6%
12,2% 11,2% 10,9%. 4,7%
5,3% 6,7% 7,6%. 2008 34
16 . , 2014 48 .
.

2013

INE/

85
(1985-2013)
3.0

1.0

-1.0

-3.0

-5.0

-7.0

-9.0
1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

2003

2006

2009

2012

0: 5$(! $'#3 (! #3 .

: , .

INE/

2013

86
, % (1990-2013)
3.0

&%) % .&!)

1.0

-1.0

-3.0
$& + .
A"%*%
-5.0

-7.0

-9.0
1990

1993

1996

1999

2002

2005

2008

2011

:
, .
:
$+  $&! + .!
 .

2009-2013 2008
( 85), 932.000 .
1992 2008,
24%. ,
1991 3,9 , 2008
4,8 . ,
930.000 17 1992-2008.
17
.
2011, 2009-2011, 2012.
370.000 .
2012,
143.000 .

2013

INE/

2014 25.000
. ,
/,

.
2009-2013
1,2% ,
60.000 .
86,
. , , , ,
(
), ,
, ,
,
( 87).
87
(1995-2013)
2200

2150

2100

2050

2000

1950

1900

1850

1800
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
: Annual Macroeconomic Database, +$("- "&$!".

2009

2011

2013

: Annual Macroeconomic Database, .

INE/

2013

88
, % (2006-2013)
6

&%) % .&!)

0
$ 2% &)##( /!+!

AE
-2

-4

-6

-8
2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

0: 5$(! $'#3 (! #3   Ameco Database.

: , Ameco Database.

2009-2013
. ,
, 88.
( 89,
,
).

2013

INE/

89
, , (1990-2013)
30

68%

66%

64%

62%

(& 2% 15-64 '4!


% '#( &(!##3 (& #3
($&'$0 1 )

$'2 (! 2


% '#( (& #3 15-64 '4!
($&'$0 1 )

28

26

24

22

60%

20

58%

18

56%

54%

52%

&)2&
% '#( (& #3 15-64 '4!
($&'$0 1 )
 !. .'##
(". 1 )

).% ($4, & ' /% 2005

70%

16

14

12

10

50%
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

:

, .
: $+
 $&! + .!  
 ' ! !$%.!.

89,
2009-2013
( % 15-64 ).
(15-64 ) , .
,


( 89,
).
. , ,
.
,
.
, 1973 2009, 1,60 1,75 .

INE/

2013

90
(1995-2013)
    "!" 
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
('#&)##3 !#

2001

0: 5$(! $'#3 (! #3 .

2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010

&+'#1

2011
2012
2013
-400

-300

-200

-100

100

200

: , .


,
.

( ) , .
90, 2008,
(
) . ,
, .

2013

INE/

7.2. & 2013


2009
2013 27,4%
1.333.000 . 2012 4,8 .

3.596.000
, 15-64
50%.

7.2.1. .
2013 4.951.159
, 42,6% . 6.888
1/4
(1.568 22,8%).
29 460.000 (
42,1% ) 12,8%
.
62,4% , 1/4
, 6,9% 4,8%
. 40,5%
, 25,5% ,
31,6% , 44,0%
2/3 (64,3%).
242.000 ,

30 , 6 10

, ( 24).

INE/

2013

24: 2012-2013
2013, ( .)

2012-2013

4.951,2

3.595,9

1.355,2

27,4

-6,9

-242,0

235,1

879,6

459,4

420,2

47,8

-27,7

-69,9

42,2

30 &

4.071,6

3.136,5

935,1

23,0

20,8

-172,2

192,9

2.841,6

2.140,1

701,4

24,7

-5,3

-146,1

140,7

481,1

266,1

215,0

44,7

-14,1

-42,4

28,3

30 &

2.360,4

1.874,0

486,4

20,6

8,8

-103,6

112,4

2.109,6

1.455,8

653,8

31,0

-1,6

-96,0

94,4

398,5

193,3

205,1

51,5

-13,5

-27,4

13,9

1.711,2

1.262,5

448,7

26,2

12,0

-68,5

80,5

15-29

15-29

15-29
30 &

: .. ., 2012, 2013 .

180.100
, 3/4 ( 25). ,
, .
25: 2012-2013
( .)


2012




( )


2013


2012-2013


2012-2013 (%)

3.837,9

3.595,9

-242,0

-6,3%

284,3

249,6

-34,7

-12,2%

935,7

927,1

-8,6

-0,9%

2.425,4

2.245,3

-180,1

-7,4%

192,6

174,0

-18,6

-9,7%

: .. ., 2012, 2013 .

310.724 ,
8,6% 7,2% .
34.000
276.00 , ( 26).
(72,6%) .

2013

INE/

26: 2012-2013

2012


2013

3.837,9

3.595,9

-242,0

-6,3

3.561,2

3.285,2

-276,0

-7,8

276,7

310,7

34,0

12,3

7,2

8,6

( .)


2012-2013


2012-2013 (%)

: .. ., 2012, 2013 .

, . 2/3
(65,0%) 59,7% ,
36.600 .
21 18 252.690 , 3 10.660
.
, ,
61% 18
.
, , ,
.

7.2.2.

, 29 31,0%
.
235.140
21,0%, .
29 6,1 ,
, (47,8% 41,7% 2012).

INE/

2013

30
4,6 ,
1/4
30 , (23,0% 18,6% 2012).
, 2/3 (65,6%)
56,5% . ,
,
2012, 22,8% 309.100 . ,

2012, 77,2% 1.046.100 .
8 10
30
,
9 10 .
27: ,

2013
,

12

2012- 2013
12
-

1.355,2

888,7

309,1

1.046,1

235,1

256,3

42,7

192,4

15-29

420,2

251,2

219,1

201,1

42,2

41,9

22,6

19,6

30+

935,1

637,6

90,0

845,1

192,9

214,3

20,1

172,8

701,4

453,4

122,4

579,1

140,7

156,6

17,6

123,1

15-29

215,0

130,7

104,9

110,1

28,3

33,3

15,8

12,6

30+

486,4

322,7

17,5

468,9

112,4

123,3

1,9

110,6

653,8

435,3

186,7

467,1

94,4

99,7

25,1

69,3

15-29

205,1

120,5

114,2

90,9

13,9

8,7

6,8

7,1

30+

448,7

314,9

72,5

376,1

80,5

91,0

18,3

62,2

: .. ., 2012, 2013 .

,
, .

2013

INE/

600.370
57,4% , 59,0% .
.

7.2.3.
2013, .
2013
54%,
, (36% 44%), ( 28).
, 149.540 , 279.000 . , 112.215 , ,
,
.

INE/

2013

28: ,

2007

()

90.700
66.300
157.000

2008

109.274

77.420

186.694

2009

90.206

80.273

170.479

2010

85.244

65.734

150.978

2011

84.278

47.690

131.968

2012

81.036

33.120

114.156

2013

112.215

37.326

149.541

2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

()


70.344
75.604
62.235
76.951
104.937
76.832
132.356
77.349
195.193
102.329
222.861
93.997
190.289
88.725

145.948
139.186
181.769
209.705
297.522
316.858
279.014

(/)

2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

1,29
1,76
0,86
0,64
0,43
0,36
0,59


0,88
1,01
1,04
0,85
0,47
0,35
0,42

1,08
1,34
0,94
0,72
0,44
0,36
0,54

: .. ., 2007 - 2013 .

7.2.4.
2013
, , 91. 1/3
, 30,0% 28,0% .

2013

INE/


.
()
, , , , , 29.
3/4 (76,7%),
44,2%.
31,8% 25,4%
.
2013
,
, 29. 11,0%,
9,2%
8,6% , 1,2%, 6,3% .
29:
2013
( .)
4.951,2

3.595,9

252,9
833,7
119,4
154,1
318,5
102,6
317,1
234,8
1.872,0
258,9
83,4
131,0
272,7

2012-2013

1.355,2

27,4

186,4

66,6

587,2
80,9
112,3
237,1
78,8
231,6
169,1
1.344,5
204,2
63,7
99,2
201,1

246,5
38,5
41,9
81,4
23,8
85,5
65,7
527,5
54,7
19,6
31,8
71,7

-6,8

-242,0

26,3

-3,0

-11,5

8,6

29,6
32,3
27,2
25,6
23,2
27,0
28,0
28,2
21,1
23,5
24,3
26,3

0,9
-1,0
-0,4
0,4
-0,7
-0,4
-3,2
-2,9
3,7
2,0
1,5
-3,8

-39,8
-5,2
-10,5
-16,1
-8,0
-12,6
-10,5
-100,4
-2,4
-1,8
-12,3
-10,8

40,6
4,2
10,1
16,5
7,3
12,3
7,3
97,5
6,1
3,7
13,8
7,1

235,1

: .. ., 2012, 2013 .

INE/

2013

91

2012

2013

10

15

20

25

30

35

:
,

2012,2013
: .. .,
..
2012,
2013
.

7.3. & -28 2008-

2012
2012 2011 -28
1.038.400
2.079.600 . 96%
98% .
-28 5.509.700
, 8.593.200 70% (3.909.000
6.172.500 ).
24 -28 2012
726.300 , 3.766.000
.41 68%
2008-2012, . 41. ( 2013) 24 -

.

2013

INE/

65% 81% .
267.000 1.406.400 .
13%
16% . 61,5%
,
(281.200 ).

7.3.1. -28
-28 ( )
3,5 0,6

(2012: 20,2%, 48,7% 30,8%
).
8.992.900 , 4.046.500 7.456.100
.
72%, 29% 51%
( 6.435.200, 1.180500 3.793.600 ).

, .42
2.119.300 766.400 1.938.300
.
76%, 50,6% 56%
.
2012 8,7% , 1,5 2008.

(11,4%, 10,0% 3,4% ).
42. ( 2013)
25 60% , 55% , 52%
40% .

INE/

2013


( ) -28 4,7
2,3
(2012: 26,5%, 59,0% 14,1%
).
2.069.900 ,
1.701.800
2.500 . 75% 45%
, (
1.559.300, 772.800 84.700 ).
23% 43%

.
391.500 312.300 58.200
.
78%, 71%
41% .
18,5% 41% 3% .

, 25 ,

,
, ,
25 .
,
25
.
, .

2013

INE/

.

, , , ,
, -28
.

INE/

2013

2013

INE/

216.980,2
215.545,7
172.448,2
140.216,6
136.704,7
4.513,3
2.931,0
4.883,8
2.688,5
39.952,0
624,4
1.831,2
3.755,4
17.266,1
25.778,9
1.434,5
22.843,1
386,5
885,6
1.275,5
235,8
3.877,9
172,4
8.409,1
4.170,0
15.549,8
4.547,3
9.262,8
919,3
2.328,4
2.483,2
4.657,1
29.317,2
167,9
2.585,4

(3-4)
105.661,7
104.769,6
77.480,2
64.386,6
62.110,0
1.770,3
1.775,2
3.652,7
1.139,5
23.145,3
329,8
658,2
1.483,9
4.099,8
11.234,4
892,0
10.743,8
150,8
504,4
708,9
89,0
2.438,5
54,3
3.517,1
2.679,4
9.895,0
979,1
5.494,0
544,1
1.741,7
1.165,5
2.300,4
12.474,3
60,8
1.114,4

2012
(0-2)
43.793,7
43.588,9
38.957,1
33.162,8
32.870,7
878,3
319,2
209,2
595,6
5.167,1
51,6
311,3
1.091,8
6.347,1
5.463,0
204,8
7.821,8
72,4
78,4
50,6
44,9
418,7
80,4
2.052,1
636,3
1.054,8
2.627,5
2.108,9
99,8
87,7
329,6
707,0
4.883,7
52,7
472,4

(5-6)
66.937,1
66.604,2
55.428,9
42.508,0
41.565,1
1.864,7
836,7
1.021,3
876,3
11.601,9
242,8
824,1
1.179,7
6.819,2
9.079,8
332,9
4.277,5
163,3
302,7
515,9
98,8
1.020,6
37,7
2.760,9
854,4
4.599,9
940,6
1.659,9
275,4
499,1
988,1
1.643,5
11.619,4
53,8
979,6

-1.038,4
-991,3
-622,9
-999,3
-987,3
13,2
-31,2
-13,4
-14,0
314,1
15,3
-11,0
-324,6
-823,8
21,3
-47,1
-70,9
-8,9
24,0
21,3
11,1
66,0
4,0
52,0
39,5
-537,0
-206,5
125,2
-11,3
-22,6
9,5
31,2
336,0
1,9
49,9

2011-2012
(0-2)
-2.119,3
-2.082,4
-1.919,3
-1.609,8
-1.592,9
-16,8
-19,9
-12,3
-43,8
3,9
-1,3
-23,0
-181,3
-571,1
-213,6
-36,9
-229,5
-14,5
-3,0
0,4
0,9
-1,7
2,7
-59,2
-28,9
-84,9
-249,9
-17,5
-7,3
-3,8
-17,0
-23,1
-266,7
-1,6
-9,3

2011-2012
(3-4)
-766,4
-743,9
-323,5
-388,0
-379,7
-23,7
-19,4
-54,3
-8,6
84,6
5,1
-6,2
-116,4
-209,5
-138,4
-22,6
-37,3
0,5
4,9
13,1
2,5
25,5
-0,2
22,2
26,7
-455,5
9,7
88,3
-14,6
-13,9
20,6
-3,8
53,8
-0,1
13,3

2011-2012
(5-6)
1.938,3
1.929,4
1.714,0
1.089,1
1.075,6
53,7
8,2
53,3
23,5
312,4
11,7
28,7
-26,9
-43,2
372,4
8,9
195,9
5,1
22,3
7,7
7,7
42,1
1,5
82,9
41,8
3,3
33,6
54,3
10,7
-4,8
6,0
58,7
566,8
3,5
39,4

2011-2012

-5.509,7
-5.316,7
-3.795,9
-3.909,0
-3.791,0
75,9
-422,8
-110,8
-164,1
1.480,5
-32,1
-262,1
-793,3
-2.977,9
-88,6
-193,0
-509,9
6,1
-238,9
-242,6
33,5
-1,5
12,4
-170,3
93,6
-207,8
-552,9
-106,3
-71,9
-104,5
-47,7
64,1
23,1
-9,2
71,7

2008-2012
(0-2)
-8.992,9
-8.907,7
-7.833,2
-6.435,2
-6.366,4
-73,9
-178,7
-79,7
-183,6
-418,5
-16,0
-164,4
-476,1
-2.264,9
-716,0
-85,3
-988,5
-14,7
-61,4
-44,7
-11,8
-65,0
-15,8
-129,2
-78,8
-344,6
-906,7
-187,6
-44,2
-22,2
-93,6
-98,4
-1.228,9
-18,5
-49,4

2008-2012
(3-4)
-4.046,5
-3.918,6
-1.780,2
-1.180,5
-993,9
-35,6
-225,6
-267,3
-50,1
427,4
-31,4
-136,2
-304,4
-743,1
-430,1
-128,1
169,4
-0,5
-176,4
-187,5
6,7
-60,5
20,2
-113,0
61,7
-776,5
188,5
-192,5
-65,4
-175,0
-19,8
-23,8
-778,0
4,1
-0,5

2008-2012

(5-6)
7.456,1
7.440,6
5.748,0
3.793,6
3.655,6
185,4
-18,4
236,0
45,5
1.533,8
15,1
75,8
-12,8
30,2
1.056,5
15,6
309,3
21,2
-1,1
-10,5
35,5
123,9
8,9
62,7
110,8
913,2
165,2
273,8
37,6
92,8
65,7
195,7
1.888,9
5,6
111,5

2008-2012

: Eurostat, 2013, Employment by sex, age and highest level of education attained.

. 0-2 . 3-4 . 5-6 - .

European Union (28)


European Union (27)
European Union (15)
Euro area (17)
Euro area (13)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway

GEO/TIME

30: -28 , ( .)

INE/

2013

18.837,5
18.749,8
15.780,4
11.586,7
11.330,0
335,0
178,3
300,7
385,1
4.177,8
55,3
156,1
140,5
832,7
2.135,9
87,7
1.121,2
30,2
73,3
88,7
13,2
216,0
24,8
1.280,8
541,4
1.150,0
266,3
644,8
61,0
146,4
268,1
497,6
3.628,7
26,7
341,7

2012
(0-2)
4.992,7
4.988,6
4.502,0
3.713,4
3.682,5
68,9
18,4
21,2
195,5
1.542,1
11,1
18,2
37,4
371,9
413,1
4,1
323,6
5,0
12,1
9,0
4,9
29,1
7,9
527,1
177,3
134,2
115,8
223,1
8,6
6,9
73,8
112,8
519,8
16,7
151,9
(3-4)
11.112,5
11.036,5
8.923,3
6.410,2
6.219,9
183,1
139,5
255,5
164,4
2.379,3
36,4
92,6
78,3
259,0
1.186,0
76,0
749,3
15,5
47,9
59,1
6,4
158,6
13,1
596,0
341,6
851,0
117,0
364,3
47,1
125,3
184,2
330,0
2.256,0
9,2
144,6

(5-6)
2.652,7
2.647,2
2.277,7
1.444,6
1.409,1
83,0
20,4
24,0
17,6
254,2
7,9
42,7
24,8
201,8
536,2
5,6
48,4
9,7
13,3
20,6
1,6
28,2
3,8
145,0
22,6
164,8
33,6
57,4
5,2
14,2
10,1
53,5
802,7
0,7
32,4

2011-2012

-726,3
-711,2
-570,7
-589,5
-580,2
-8,7
-11,9
-8,1
-10,9
-150,4
-0,5
-13,8
-36,2
-192,3
-82,6
-15,1
-53,7
-1,2
2,5
7,3
0,9
-2,3
-0,7
3,5
-0,4
-74,8
-44,0
-31,3
-12,4
-6,9
9,9
-12,7
20,7
1,1
15,6

2011-2012
(0-2)
-391,5
-389,5
-379,5
-304,9
-303,2
-6,0
2,4
0,4
-16,2
-54,8
0,1
-2,3
-11,4
-99,7
-38,2
-2,0
-36,9
-1,2
-1,2
0,0
0,9
-2,0
-0,1
-11,0
-10,5
-4,4
-30,6
0,5
-4,0
-0,6
1,6
3,5
-67,7
0,5
1,1

2011-2012
(3-4)
-312,3
-298,3
-168,0
-220,2
-212,2
-3,5
-18,3
-11,1
2,9
-24,0
0,0
-7,5
-24,7
-67,5
-73,0
-14,0
-21,5
-0,2
4,0
6,1
0,0
-0,5
-0,2
10,6
5,9
-65,2
-6,0
-28,0
-9,1
-7,6
8,2
-22,7
54,7
0,4
4,9

2011-2012
(5-6)
58,2
58,9
59,3
24,0
23,6
0,8
4,0
2,7
0,6
16,4
-0,5
-2,9
-0,1
-25,1
28,5
-0,7
4,8
0,2
-0,2
1,2
-0,1
0,0
-0,4
3,5
4,4
-5,3
-7,3
-3,9
0,7
1,2
0,1
6,7
29,0
0,1
5,9

2008-2012

-3.766,0
-3.712,3
-2.816,1
-2.434,6
-2.337,2
-20,6
-84,3
-76,3
-36,0
-202,9
-17,8
-127,8
-129,8
-982,3
-205,2
-53,7
-357,0
-5,3
-58,3
-53,9
0,3
-29,9
-1,7
-87,0
-13,7
-327,7
-157,8
-131,3
-36,9
-72,7
-16,6
-10,8
-469,1
-2,0
-1,4

2008-2012
(0-2)
-2.069,9
-2.064,9
-1.911,8
-1.559,3
-1.540,2
-5,5
-17,9
-5,3
-49,0
-326,8
-6,6
-28,2
-50,9
-567,8
-84,8
-4,9
-180,9
-2,5
-20,0
-8,3
0,1
-10,2
-7,7
-96,4
-21,7
-31,6
-154,0
-31,1
-9,6
-2,4
-13,5
-11,5
-320,6
-2,9
-19,8

2008-2012
(3-4)
-1.701,8
-1.652,2
-911,7
-772,8
-697,9
-9,0
-66,7
-78,1
4,4
38,8
-9,9
-67,7
-68,1
-288,1
-92,5
-49,6
-164,3
-2,1
-32,9
-32,9
-0,4
-17,9
5,2
-7,7
-1,2
-299,4
-4,1
-108,7
-28,9
-68,1
-4,6
-9,9
-237,3
0,8
8,5

2008-2012
(5-6)
-2,5
-1,3
1,2
-84,7
-81,4
-6,0
0,4
7,0
3,6
95,4
-1,2
-23,7
-10,8
-126,4
-28,1
-1,1
-11,6
-0,7
-5,3
-12,7
0,3
-1,9
0,9
16,7
9,3
3,3
0,4
8,5
1,5
-2,2
1,5
14,3
66,2
*
3,2

: Eurostat, 2013, Employment by sex, age and highest level of education attained.

. 0-2 . 3-4 . 5-6 - .

European Union (28)


European Union (27)
European Union (15)
Euro area (17)
Euro area (13)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway

GEO/TIME

31: 15-24 -28


, ( .)

2013

INE/

25.340,1
25.068,2
20.412,4
17.881,1
17.368,8
369,0
410,3
366,8
218,8
2.316,1
70,5
316,0
1.203,8
5.769,0
2.824,3
272,0
2.743,6
52,0
155,5
195,2
12,8
475,6
11,8
468,5
189,1
1.749,2
860,1
701,2
89,6
378,0
206,8
403,6
2.510,8
10,7
83,3

2012

2011-2012

2.079,6
2.039,5
2.011,0
2.042,4
2.030,9
22,3
34,1
13,2
-2,6
-185,3
-16,3
-0,7
326,9
770,0
212,2
40,2
635,8
18,0
-11,1
-30,9
1,2
7,7
0,1
79,9
10,1
26,6
154,0
-29,0
6,4
9,7
-1,9
12,0
-22,9
-1,8
-0,9

: Eurostat,

2013, Unemployment by sex, age and nationality.

European Union (28)


European Union (27)
European Union (15)
Euro area (17)
Euro area (13)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway

GEO/TIME
8.593,2
8.470,5
6.908,9
6.172,5
5.979,1
35,6
210,6
137,0
117,4
-819,9
32,1
181,3
825,9
3.178,4
759,9
122,8
1.051,7
37,5
65,0
100,9
2,0
146,5
1,5
225,5
26,8
538,5
433,0
125,7
44,1
122,3
34,7
98,2
758,3
5,3
17,5

2008-2012
5.589,3
5.523,1
4.509,8
3.451,4
3.345,6
82,4
69,7
72,9
63,4
369,8
14,6
68,2
173,5
944,9
667,5
66,3
610,7
11,6
29,1
31,8
3,1
84,6
4,1
134,1
51,8
414,5
161,0
189,1
15,8
75,5
62,7
154,0
962,6
4,2
31,6

2012

2011-2012
15 - 24
267,0
258,8
278,9
281,2
280,8
3,2
6,2
5,1
-2,3
-37,3
-1,5
-1,4
32,4
55,9
40,3
8,3
128,6
2,6
-2,7
-6,9
0,6
7,7
0,0
28,3
2,7
-10,8
27,5
-21,2
2,1
-0,8
-2,1
3,3
-0,7
-0,1
0,7
1.406,4
1.379,9
1.115,5
864,8
827,6
4,5
31,4
31,6
26,7
-147,4
4,6
26,9
96,9
351,9
133,0
26,6
211,7
8,1
9,2
9,7
0,3
23,6
0,4
57,9
3,3
105,5
77,5
11,8
4,4
24,0
6,6
25,2
240,4
1,6
3,8

2008-2012

2012
(%)
10,5
10,4
10,6
11,3
11,3
7,6
12,3
7,0
7,5
5,5
10,2
14,7
24,3
25,0
9,9
15,9
10,7
11,9
14,9
13,3
5,1
10,9
6,4
5,3
4,3
10,1
15,9
7,0
8,9
14,0
7,7
8,0
7,9
6,0
3,1

32: -28, ( .)
2012
2012
(%)
22,9
22,8
22,2
23,0
22,8
19,8
28,1
19,5
14,1
8,1
20,9
30,4
55,3
53,2
23,8
43,0
35,3
27,8
28,4
26,4
18,8
28,1
14,2
9,5
8,7
26,5
37,7
22,7
20,6
34,0
19,0
23,6
21,0
13,5
8,5

e 8



8.1.

8.1.1.


20 ,
(. 2010).

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2013

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2013

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2013

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2013


. , ,

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2013

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2013

8.2.
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2010
2012. ,
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2013

2013

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1.

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7%
(. 3833).


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(N.3845/2010,
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.3863/2010)
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3845/2010 (.3899). :
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3429/2005 (),
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. 3833 2010 ,
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2012
2011
2010
2009

375.843
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746.911

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40%
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109.373

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,
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2013

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2012
2011
2010
2009

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2009-2012

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: .
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2009 430.077 2012.
2009 -2012,
62% (91,61%) .
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2012
2011
2010
2009

332.167
300.230
340.619
272.561

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447.920
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2009-2012

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8.3.3. 2010-2012
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).

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2012, ,

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,


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2012 :
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8.4.

43 (Eurofound) - ,
, (1995-2007)
30 , (2008)44
5
1990.

,
,
, ,
,
- , ,
(
/ ).
45 ,
:
;
;
, ;46
Eurostat47 (19982007) (2008-2010)
Eurofound48:
. Employment Polarisation and Job Quality in the Crisis (2013), European Jobs Monitor, Eurofound.
44. Eurofound , (1995-2007),
(2008-2010) (2011-2012).
45. Transformations of the employment structure in the EU and USA, 1995-2007, Fernandez-Macias et all, 2012.
46. Ebbinghaus & Eichhorst, (2006); Barbieri 2007; Zdrojewski et al, 2009 .
47. Eurostat Regional Yearbook (2012), Eurostat Labour Market Statistics 2011, Eurostat Pocketbooks.
48.
Employment Polarisation and Job Quality in the Crisis,

(
2013), Chapter

2: Shifts in job structure before and during

the Great Recession, European



Jobs

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