Reasoning & Data Sufficiency

LOGICAL REASONING FOR
CAT,MAT,GMAT, & OTHER

COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS
AFTERSCHO☺OL
– DEVELOPING CHANGE MAKERS
CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
PGPSE PROGRAMME –
World’ Most Comprehensive programme in social
entrepreneurship & spiritual entrepreneurship
OPEN FOR ALL FREE FOR ALL
06/29/09 AFTERSCHOOOL centre for social entrepreneurship 1

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REASONING & DATA
SUFFICIENCY
Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHO☺OL
Centre for social entrepreneurship
Bikaner
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
www.afterschool.tk
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06/29/09 www.afterschoool.tk
AFTERSCHOOOL centre for social entrepreneurship 2
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The post office is to the east of my
school while my house
is to the south of school. The market
is to the north of the post office. if
the distance of the market from the
post office is equal to the distance of
post office from the school, then in
which direction is the market with
respect to my school?
• North east (answer)

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Starting from a point, Raj walks 12
meters towards North. He turns
right and walks 10 Meters, he
again turned left and walked 5
meters. How far is he from the
starting point (direct distance)?
• He has gone (12+5) = 17 meters north
and 10 meters East. He is :
sqrt(17^2+10^2)
•06/29/09
19.72 metersAFTERSCHOOOL
from starting point.
centre for social entrepreneurship 4
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A. All factories employ engineers
B. TELCO employs engineers
C. TELCO is a factory
D. Some engineering
companies employ engineers.
E. TELCO employs only
engineers.
(1) ABC (2) ACB
(3) CDB (4) ‘None of these

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solution
• From ACB, you have logical sequence :
• All factories, employ engineer (we have to
assume it to be true). Telco is a factory,
thus 3rd statement is a logical outcome,
because being a factory, Telco must also
employ engineers.

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X SAYS TO Y: “I AM 3 TIMES AS
OLD AS YOU WERE 2 YEARS
AGO.” HOW OLD IS X?
1. Y’S AGE 17 YEARS FROM
NOW IS SAME AS X’S PRESENT
AGE
2. X’S AGE NINE YEARS FROM
NOW IS 3 TIMES ITS PRESENT
AGE.
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SOLUTION…
• FROM 1ST STATEMENT :
• 3 (Y – 2) = X OR : X – 3Y = -6
• X – Y = 17
• WE GET : -2Y = -23 OR Y = 11.5 AND X = 28.5
• FROM 2ND STATEMENT :
• (X+9) = 3X & X – 3Y = -6
• 2X = 9; X =4.5 AND 3Y = 10.5
• Y = 3.5
• THUS ANSWER CAN BE OBTAINED FROM
EITHER STATEMENT ALONE. ANSWER

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If m men working m hours a day for
each of m days produce m units of
work ,then the unit
of work produce by n men working
n hours a day for each of n days is?
• START WITH PRESENT PRODUCTION M
• M * (N/M) FOR NUMBER OF WORKER * (N/M)
(FOR NUMBER OF DAYS)* (N/M) (FOR
HOURS)
• = N^3 / M^2 ANSWER
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Six persons A, B, C, D, E and F are sifting in
six chairs, arranged in two rows and three
columns, facing North, not necessarily in the
same order. One person sit in each chair. B
is to’ the left of C and is exactly ahead of D.
A has neither D nor E adjacent to him in the
same coloumn, and in the same row. A is
neither behind E nor F. which among the
tollowing is definitely false?
(1) A is behind C.
(2) B, A and C are sitting in one row.
(3) D, F and A are sifting in one row.
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solution
• 1 & 3rd

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A, B, C, D, E, F and G are seven places.
The following places are connected by two
way roads - A and B; B and C; A and D; E
and F; F and C; C and G; A and G; D andE.
No other road, apart from those mentioned
above, exists. How many distinct routes
exist from A to C (without visiting any place
more than once)? (1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2
(4) 3

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SOLUTION
• There are 3 routes as under :
• 1. A to B to C
• 2. A to G to C
• 3. A to D to E to F to C.
• Thus we have 3 distinct routes possible.

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Four different faces of a cube are
painted in three different colours —
Red, Blue and Green. This is done in
such a way that one pair of adjacent
faces is painted Red, another pair of
opposite faces is painted Blue and
Green. This cube is now cut into 125
smaller but identical cubes.
What is the number of the smaller
cubes that have exactly two colours on
them?
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solution
• Prepare a cube and solve it : you will find
18 smaller cubes with 2 colours on them

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If BURNER is coded as CASOIS
how will you code ALIMENT
• EACH OF THESE HAS BEEN MOVED
UP BY 1 DIGIT. B BY C. U BY A (MOVED
IN VOWEL SERIES), R TO S, N TO O, E
TO I (VOWEL SERIES) AND R TO S.
• SO : SOLUTION :
• EMONIOU
• (ANSWER).

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FIND THE ODD ONE OUT ?
• 41, 45, 47 , 29, 31
• ANSWER :
• ALL ARE PRIMARY NUMBERS EXCEPT
45, SO ODD ONE IS 45. ANSWER.

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Q1F, S2E, U6D, W21C,?
(a) Y66B (6) Y44B
(c) Y88B (d) Z8SB
• There is gap of one in Q,S,U,W, so next

will be Y. 1 *1+1 = 2, 2*2+2 = 6, 6*3+3=
21, 21*4+4 = 88, so answer is option C.
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A pile of cubes of equal size is
arranged as shown in the figure in
the next slide. Now the block is
dipped into a bucket full of red paint
so that only the surfaces of the
block get coloured. How many
cubes are there in the pile?

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Cube …

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solution
• 30 in last column, 25 in next, 20 in next,
15 in next, 10 in next.
• Total : 30+25+20+15+10 = 100 answer

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How many cubes are without any
colour in the previous picture?
• 3 * 3 in 2nd column
• 3*2 in 3rd column
• 3*1 in 4th column
• Total = 9 + 6+3 = 18 answer

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How many cubes are coloured in
two faces?
• 7 rows with 5 each horizontally
• 7*5 = 35
• 14 on each side vertically = 28
• = 63 answer

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Find the missing number?
4 9 25
49 ? 361
121 169 289

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Solution…
• These are squares of prime numbers. We
have prime numbers like
2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19.
• Now one number is missing. It will also be
a square of prime number, so the next
prime number is 23. square of 23 is 529
• Answer = 529
• There is no relation between the numbers
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Out of 26 students in a class, 17
opted for Marketing 19 opted for
Finance and 2 opted for Social
Entrepreneurship. Some students
opted for both marketing and
finance, what is the number?
• (26 – 2) = 24. add 19 + 17 = 36

• 36 – 24 = 12 so 12 students opted for both Marketing & finance.

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Out of 106 students, each opted for
at least one sector. 48 opted for
marketing, 51 opted for finance, 53
opted for HR. 16 study marketing
and finance. 17 study marketing
and HR. 18 study finance and HR,
how many study exactly 2
subjects?

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Solution….
• 106 – ( 48+51+53) + ( (17-x) + (18-x) + (16-x) ) +
( 2x)
• We have assumed X = the number of students
who have opted for all the three options.
• Solving, we get X = 5.
• Thus we have 11 students opting for marketing&
finance, 12 students opting for marketing & HR,
13 students opting for finance & HR. Thus there
are total 36 students opting for 2 subjects.
Answer.

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What will come next :
10, 105, 11, ?
• 10 * 10 + 5 = 105
• Similarly :
• 11 * 11 + 5 = 126
• Answer.

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What will come next ?
12, 72, 16 … ?
• Options:
• 112, 128, 144, 192
• 12 * 12 * ½ = 72
• 16 * 16 * ½ = 128
• Answer.

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What will come next : 9, 90 , 12…?
• Options:
• 108, 132, 144, 156
• Answer :
• 9 * 9 + 9 = 90
• 12 * 12 + 12 = 156
• Answer

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Which is different :
a. 8, b. 27, c. 81, d. 64
• 81
• Rest are all cubes.
• Answer

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Which is different :
55, 99, 121, 144?
• 144
• Rest are all divisible by 11.
• Answer.

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each of the following questions two rows of
numbers are given. The resultant number in
each row is to be
marked out separately based on the
following rules
The operations of numbers progress from
left to right.
Rules:
(1) If an even number is followed by
another even number they are to be added.

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Continued.. (ii) If an even number is
followed by a prime
number, they are to be multiplied,
(iii) If an odd number is followed by an even
number, the even number is to be
subtracted from the odd number.
(iv) If an odd number is followed by another
odd number, the first number is to be
added to the square of the second number.
(v) If an even number is followed by a
composite odd number, the even number
is to be divided by the odd number.
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I. 65 11 12
II. 15 3 11
What is the sum of the
resultants of the two
rows?
• I. : 65 followed by 11, so rule (iv) : 65 + 121 = 186.
now we have 186 and 12, (rule i) = 186 + 12 = 198
• II. 15 followed by 3 (rule iv) =15 + 9 = 24. now 24
followed by 11. (rule ii) = 24*11 = 264
• Add these : 198 + 264 = 462 answer

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Seven friends K, M, L, H, F; D and C
are sitting around a circle facing the
centre. L is second to the
right of H who is to the immediate right
of C. M is
third to the left of D and to the
immediate right of F.
Who is third to the left of’C’?

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Solution…
• Answer : K

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Seven friends K, M, L, H, F; D and C
are sitting around a circle facing the
centre. L is second to the
right of H who is to the immediate right
of C. M is
third to the left of D and to the
immediate right of F.
Which of the following pairs of
persons represents
the neighbours of K?
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Solution…
• CMFKLDH
• Thus the two person adjoining K are F and
L.

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At an Electronic Data Processing Unit, five out of the eight
program sets P, Q, R, 5, T, U, V and Ware to be operated
daily. On any one day, except for the first day of a month,
only three of the program sets must be ones that were
operated on the previous day. The program operating must
also satisfy the following conditions: I. If program P is to be
operated on a day, V cannot be operated on that day. II. If Q
is the be operated on a day, T must be one of the programs
to be operated alter Q. III. If R is to be operated on a day, V
must be one of the programs to be operated after R. IV The
last program to be operated on any day must be either S or
U.
• CONTINUE…

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Which of the following could be set
of programs to be operated on the
first day of a month?
(a) U, Q, S, T, W
(b) V, Q, R, T, S
(c) T,U, R, V, S
(d) Q, S, R, V, U
• A = LAST IS W, B = V IS BEFORE R, D = T IS
NOT THERE AFTER Q. SO ANSWER IS (C)

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WHICH IS THE ODD ONE OUT
OF THE FOLLOWING :
1. SIPRA 2. ONLOND 3. EHDIL
4. ABCU
• ANSWER : FIRST THREE ARE NAMES
OF CAPITAL BUT 4TH IS THE NAME OF
THE COUNTRY, SO 4TH IS THE ODD
ONE OUT. FIRST IS : PARIS, 2ND IS
LONDON 3RD IS DELHI. 4TH IS CUBA.
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WHICH OF THESE IS MOST
ESSENTIAL IN A SCHOOL?
1. CHAWK 2. BLACKBOARD 3.
ATTENDANCE 4. STUDIES 5.
CHAIRS
• ANSWER : 4TH

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A COMPUTER TYPIST MAKES
MISTAKE IN EVERY 5TH DIGIT
HE TYPES. HE HAS WRITTEN
THE FOLLOWING, WHAT WILL
BE CORRECT VERSION?
SCHOTL IS VFRY
• 1 SCHOTL IS VFRY FUMNY.
FUMNY.
• 2 SCHOOL IS VERY FUNNY.
• 3 SCOOTL IS VFAY FUNNY.
• ANSWER : 2)
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AJAY AND DHAVAL ARE TALKING.
AJAY’S SHODOW IS TOWARDS
RIGHT OF DHAVAL. IT IS
MORNING TIME. WHICH
DIRECTION IS AJAY FACING?
• AJAY IS NORTH FACING. ANSWER

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NEHA IS DRIVING HER CAR. SHE
COMES TO A CROSSING. SHE
READS NORTH ON A POLE AND
SHE GOES TOWARDS THAT
DIRECTION. A NAUGHTY CHILD
HAD TURNED THE POLES
CLOCK WISE 90 DEGREES. IN
WHICH DIRECTION IS NEHA
GOING ACTUALLY?
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SOLUTION..
• EAST (ANSWER).

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PRAACHI GOES 300 METERS TO
THE EAST OF HER HOUSE. SHE
TURNS LEFT (90 DEGREES) AND
GOES 400 METERS STRAIGHT.
HOW FAR AND IN WHICH
DIRECTION IS SHE FROM HER
HOME?
• NORTH –EAST 500 METERS. ANSWER

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IF APPLE IS CODED AS ZKKOV
AND NUT IS CODED AS MFG,
HOW WILL YOU CODE GRAPE?
• A = 1, P = 16, L = 12, E = 5
• SIMILARLY, WE FIND : ((FROM LAST)
• Z = 1 FROM LAST K = 16 FROM LAST O = 12
FROM LAST V = 5TH FROM LAST.
• SIMILARLY, N = 14, U = 21 AND T = 20
• AND M = 14 FROM LAST, F=21 FROM LAST
AND G= 20 FROM LAST (TAKE THEIR RANK
AND DEDUCT IT FROM 27).

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Continued…
• GRAPE = TIZKV ANSWER

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If COLGATE = 63, LUX = 57,
WHAT IS NIRMA?
• N = 14
• I=9
• R = 18
• M = 13
• A=1
• ADD THEM = 55 ANSWER

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IF FAIL = OUZR, WHAT IS
PASS?
• F = 6, A = 1, I = 9 , L = 12
• O = 12 from behind, U = 6 from last, Z = 1st from last,
and R = 9 from Last. (`from 6,1,9,12 we have made :
12,6,1,9)
• Thus there is reversal of the sequence and inchange
of positions.
• P = 16, A = 1, S = 19, S 19, from 16, 1, 19,19, we have
to make : 19, 16, 1, 19 from last
• Thus answer : H K Z H answer
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Which of these is odd one ?
1. ATC 2. ODG 3. NHE 4. LEATB
• ANSWER : (4TH)
• FIRST 3 ARE NAMES OF THE ANIMALS
IN JUMBLED ORDER, THE 4TH IS TABLE.
• FIRST THREE ARE : CAT, DOG, HEN.
AND 4TH IS TABLE. ANSWER

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What is the smallest number of
sheeps, if there are 12 sheep in
front of a sheep, 12 sheep
behind a sheep?
• Answer = 12 + 1 = 13 sheep answer

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It is 9.30 as per the watch which is
lying on your table. The hour hand
of watch is towards North. You turn
it 180 degree clock wise, then 135
degree anti clock wise and again
135 degree anti-clock wise. In
which direction is the minute hand
facing now?
• Minute hand will be south facing. Answer

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%q^*k&l8&a^102(1!!w%e@u9n
vzsgvwôqoxhal
in the above series, how many
symbols are such, which are
adjoining a vowel?
• 5 answer

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What is the probability of either
Shyam or Yuvraj hitting the
target, both hit 2 targets
accurately out of 5 attempts?
• Both not hitting : 3/5 * 3/5 = 9/25
• Hit by either of them or both of them
• = 1- 9/25 = 16/25 answer

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Average age of 60 students of
a class is 12 years. When the
age of teacher is added, the
average becomes 12.8. what is
the age of the teacher?
• Total for 60 = 60 * 12 = 720
• Total for 61 = 61*12.8 = 780.8
• Thus the age of the teacher is : 60.8 years. Ans.

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A + B = A is brother of B. A/B = A is
son of B. A – B= A is sister of B.
A^B = A is father of B. A # B = A is
mother of B. A* B = A is daughter of
B.
Which of these will denote that P is
uncle of Q?
• (1) P * Q + M (2) P # W – Q (3) P+R# Q
• (4) P / R ^ Q (5) None of these
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4 men A,B,C,D and 4 women W, X,
V and Z are sitting in circle round a
table facing each other.
No two men or women are sitting
adjacent to each other.
W is to the right of B. Y is facing X
and is to the left of A. C is to the
right of Z. Who are the 2 persons
adjacent to D?
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Solution…
• The two persons
D adjoining D are Y and
Y W W
• Answer
A B
Z X
C

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6 friends (A to F) went for a picnic.
They stayed in 9 tents (one in
each). A,B,C don’t want to pick up a
tent at the end of the row. D and A
must not have any person in their
adjoining tents. There is 1 empty
tent between A and C. E is adjacent
to both F and C. B is next to the
tent in the beginning. Who is in 5th
tent?
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Solution…
• @BFEC@A@D
• @ denotes empty tent.
• C is in the 5th tent. Answer

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A to H are sitting in a row facing
North. A is 4th to the right of E. H is
4th to the left of D. C and F which
are not at the ends are neighbours
of B and E respectively. H is next to
the left of A and A is the neighbour
of B. Who are sitting at the extreme
ends?

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solution
• Sitting arrangement from West to East.
• E FG H AB C D
• Thus E and D are sitting in extreme ends.

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You will give 1 scholarship if :
income<1 lakh, marks > 60%, age
< 25, No criminal record, no
medical problem, social motive and
clear SOP (statement of purpose),
2 positive references.
Try to solve the next questions…

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To whom will you give scholarship?
• 1. Anu, 23 years, clear SOP, 2 references,
59% marks
• 2. Ali 21 years, clear SOP, 2 references,
81% marks, clear medical record, no
criminal record, income 3 lakhs,
• 3. Ira, 22 years, clear SOP, 2 references,
61% marks, clear medical record, no
criminal record, income .8 lakhs, wants to
be social entrepreneur,
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Solution…
• As per the criteria, Ira should be selected.

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8 friends are sitting in circular
manner with equal distance. A is
just opposite to P. D is just opposite
to the person who is sitting second
left to P. there are 2 persons
between A and B. C is just right of
D. S has A to his immediate left and
P has B to his immediate right. Q
and R are between P & S.
Who is opposite S?
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Solution…
• S is opposite to B. answer

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A and B speak 2 truths and 1 lie,
but not necessarily in this order.
They are talking :
A : B is tall. B: C is taller A: D is
taller to C. B: D is the tallest. A: B is
shortest. B: I am the tallest.
Which of these is certainly false?
• (1) B is tallest (2) D is tallest (3) D is taller to B.

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Solution…
First statement is certainly false. So answer
is (1) .

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A is two times B. B is 4 times D.
D is half of C. E is 3 times C.
What is the ratio of A to C & A to
E?
• Ratio of A to C : 4:1
• Ratio of A to E : 4:3 answer

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The are 8 creatures in one hall
(some are cows and some
hens). The number of legs is 18
more than number of heads.
What is the number of hens?

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Solution…
• X + Y = 8 X = cows Y = hens
• (4x + 2y ) (for legs) – (x+y) (for heads) =
18
• 4x + 2y – 8 = 18
• 4x + 2y = 26 divide it by 2 = 2x +y = 13
• Now deduct 1st equation from this, we get
• X=5
• Or cows ( X) = 5 and Hens (Y) = 3.
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A man is facing south, he turns
135 degree anti-clock wise, then
180 degree clock wise, which
direction is he facing now?
• ( 180 – 135) = 45 clock wise

• He will face south west .

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Jitesh is facing north. He turns
90 degree clockwise, then 180
degree anti clock wise. Then 90
degree again in the same
direction. Which direction is he
facing now?
• ( 180 + 90 – 90) = 180 anticlock wise (or
just opposite). He is now south facing.
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Find the missing value :
28 60 48
5 6 7
14 39 27
7 ? 16

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Answer
• Answer should be 27, because when we
divide it by 3, we get 9, which when added
to 7 gives 16

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Find the missing value
5 6 7
3 4 5
9 10 11
345 460 ?

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Solution…
• We find that the first number is 3 *100 +
(5*9)
• Thus the 3rd number should be 577.
answer

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How many pairs of letters are there
in the word SEQUENTIAL which
have as many letters between them
as in the alphabet?
• 1. From A to E (A is second last, and E is 6th from the last), we find
3 letters, in alphabet also we have 3 letters.
• 2. from Q to S, there is one letter between Q and S, in alphabet also
there is one letter
• 3. from N to S, we find 4 letters between them, ina alphabet also we
have 4 letters.
• 4. from N to Q : we have 2 letters
• Answer = 4.

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In a temple, there are 26 steps in
stairs. Sudhakar takes two step
down (from top), Prabhakar takes
1 step up (from bottom). Their
speeds are uniform. On which step
will they meet?
• Divide 26 by (2+1) = 8. When prabhakar
completes 8 steps, Sudhakar will complete 16
steps. On 9th step from bottom, they will meet.
Answer
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In a temple, there are 20 steps
in stairs. Sudhakar takes 1 step
down (from top), Prabhakar
takes 2 step up (from bottom).
Their speeds are uniform. On
which step from bottom will they
meet?
• Divide 20/3 = 6.6 when Sudhakar comes down 6 steps,
Prabhakar goes up 12 steps. Now when Sudhakar comes to 7st
step from top, Prabhakar crosses him, for him it is 14th step
from bottom answer.
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Six friends are gossiping in a
garden, sitting in 2 rows. Jyoti
is diagonally opposite to Nidhi.
Anamika is not in end. Khyati is
just in the middle of two
persons. Shabnam has two
persons to the left in her row.
Sonam is having Khyati to her
left. Who is opposite to Nidhi?
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Solution….
• Answer :
• Either Sonam or
Shabnam.
• So K J/ N
• N/J A S

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Course of action:
statement : people don’t follow
traffic rules in India.
Course of action 1. send every one
for compulsory military training.
2. appoint a minister for traffic rules
implementation.
• Answer : none of these is a logical course
of action.
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Which is necessary part of :
domicile
Options:
a. tenant
b. dwelling
c. kitchen
d. house
• Answer : (b) dwelling

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knowledge
options: -
a. school
b. teacher
c. textbook
d. learning
• Answer : (d) learning
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culture
options: -
a. civility
b. education
c. agriculture
d. customs
• Answer ( d) customs
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Which of these is necessary
part of : bonus
options:
a. reward
b. raise
c. cash
d. employer
• Answer ( a) reward
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ovation
a. outburst
b. bravo
c. applause
d. encore
• Answer (c) applause
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Which of these is essential part
of : purchase
options:
a. trade
b. money
c. bank
d. acquisition
• Answer : ( a)
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Which of these is essential part
of : vertebrate
a. backbone
b. reptile
c. mammal
d. animal
• Solution ( a) .
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Which of these are essential
part of : . provisions
a. groceries
b. supplies
c. gear
d. caterers
• Answer (b) supplies
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Which word does NOT belong
with the others?
a. tape
b. twine
c. cord
d. yarn
• Answer (a)
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with the others?
a. guitar
b. flute
c. violin
d. cello
• Answer ( b) flute – used by mouth, all other are
string instruments, played by fingers.
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with the others?
a. unimportant
b. trivial
c. insignificant
d. familiar
• Answer ( d) familiar

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with the others?
a. book
b. index
c. glossary
d. chapter
• Answer (a) book, all others are part of book

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with the others?
a. street
b. freeway
c. interstate
d. expressway
• (a) street : all other are for higher traffic,
street is for low traffic.
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with the others?
a. aorta
b. heart
c. liver
d. stomach
• (a ) aorta,
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QPO NML KJI _____ EDC
a. HGF
b. CAB
c. JKL
d. GHI
• Answer ( a) HGF

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FAG GAF HAI IAH ____
a. JAK
b. HAL
c. HAK
d. JAI
• Answer ( a) JAK

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BCB DED FGF HIH ___
a. JKJ
b. HJH
c. IJI
d. JHJ
• Answer ( a) JKJ

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CMM EOO GQQ _____ KUU
a. GRR
b. GSS
c. ISS
d. ITT
• Solution (c) ISS

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“His sister’s mother is the
maternal grandmother of the
sister of the grandson of my
father.” looking at a photograph,
Monu remarked. Can you tell,
what is the person in
photograph to Monu?
• cousin
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In a queue, Tushum is 15th from
the front and 18th from the end.
How many persons are there in
the queue?
• ( 18 + 15 – 1) = 32 answer

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In a queue, Tushum is standing
behind 18 persons. He finds that
the queue is very long and 102
persons are behind him in the
queue. How many persons are
there in the queue?
• ( 18 + 102 + 1) = 121 answer

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the front and Pawan is 18th from
the end. They interchange their
positions, and now Tushum is
82nd from the front. How many
persons are there in the queue?
• (82 + 18 – 1 ) = 99 answer

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the front. He finds that twice the
number of persons in front are
behind him How many persons
are there in the queue?
• There are 14 in front of him, and 42 behind him.
Thus there are 43 persons in the queue. Ans.

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Abhishek attempts an online examination.
There are 12 questions. Each of these
questions has 4 questions as subparts. Out of
these only 3 have to be attempted. Abhishek
has to attempt only 50% questions. If he
completes the paper in 1 hour, he gets bonus
of 12 similar questions to be attempted in 10
minutes, if he does it in time, he gets another
similar bonus for another 5 minutes. He
completes all his work (with bonuses) and
leaves the exam after 1 hour 15 minutes. How
many questions did he attempt?

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Solution…
• He attempts 18 in 1 hour, 18 in 10 minutes
and 18 in next 5 minutes.
• He has to attempt 6 out of 12, each
question in itself is having 3 sub questions
to be attempted : 6 * 3 = 18 in 1 hour.

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There are 5 cities (A to E). A is not
a hill station. B and E are not
historical places. D is not an
industrial town. A and B are not
alike. A and D are not historical
places. Praachi visits 2 of these
cities : 1. historical city 2. a hill
station which is also industrial town.
Can you guess?

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Solution…
• Praachi must have visited C and E as C
seems to be the only historical city and E
seems to be the only city which is hill
station and an industrial town both.

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6 friends are sitting in 2 rows. Vipin
is not at the end of any row. Tej is
second to the left of Mahipal.
Swaroop is the neighbour of Vipin
and is siting diagonally opposite to
Tej. Pawar is neighbour of Mahipal.
Who are neighbours of Yogesh?

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COURSE OF ACTION
Statement : It appears that within 2 to
3 years, India will again face BOP
crisis
Course of actions :
1. India should offer incentives to
Esport oriented units
2. Customs duty on import should be
increaased.
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Answer …
• Both the course of action are logical and
appropriate. Answer

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COURSE OF ACTION
Statement : there is very high
indiscipline in India
Course of actions :
1. there should be compulsory
military training for all
2. there should be a separate
ministry to look after discipline. .
• Answer : None of these is logical
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What will come next in the series :
0,14,78,252….
• We can observe that this is a series : N^4
–N
• 1^4 – 1= 0
• 2^4 – 2 = 14
• 3^4 – 3 = 78
• 4^4 – 4 = 252
• Thus next number should be 5^4 – 5=
625-5 = 620 answer.
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Answer …
• The two rows are : (Yogesh, Vipin and
Swaroop) and 2. (Tej, Pawar, and
Mahipal).
• Thus neighbour of Yogesh is Vipin
• Answer

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SYLLOGISM
statements :
1. only stars are moons
2. no cosmos is a star
3. no planets are moon.
Conclusion:
1. some moons are not planets
2. no cosmos is a planet
3. no stars are planets

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Solution…
• Only the first conclusion can be drawn.
We are not sure about other two
conclusions.

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Syllogism:
statements :
1. some birds are peacocks
2. No cock is a hen
3. all hens are peacocks
conclusions:
1. some birds are hens
2. some peacocks are not cocks
3. some cocks are peacocks
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Solution..
• Only 2nd conclusion can be drawn

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Syllogism :
statements :
1. no kite is a slate
2. no jug is a slate
3. some jugs are ropes
conclusions:
1. some ropes are slates
2. some ropes are not slates
3. no kite is a jug
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Solution…
• Only 2nd conclusion can be drawn. Answer

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Syllogism :
statements :
1. some bags are charts
2. some trees are docks
3. no bag is clock
4. cars are clocks
conclusions:
1. some charts are docks
2. some charts are not docks
3. some trees are not bags.
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Answer
• No conclusion can be drawn from the
given options.

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6 friends (A to F) are sitting on a
circular table. A is to the immediate
left of D, who is just opposite to C.
E is sitting just opposite to B, who
is just next to A. there are 2
persons between B and E. Who is
facing A? All the persons are sitting
at equal angles.

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Solution…
• Just draw a circle and put these on the
cirlce. The sitting order is ABCFED. A is
just opposite F. answer

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Hemant has to form a team out of his
friends. There are 12 persons, and he has
to pick up a team of 4 persons out of these
with 2 boys and 2 girls. ABCDEF are boys
and GHIJKL are girls. A will go only if C is
going. D had a fight with F. E and B are
rivals. D has good relation with every
person. H will go only if her brother B goes.
K doesn’t like L. G and I are hard core
enemies to each others. J and K want to go
together only. I will go only if E is there is
the team. Hemant prepares some teams,
select the appropriate ones.
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Options…
• Teams : (1) ACIJ (2) DBHI (3) ADGI
(4)CEGK (5) None of these
• Solution :
• None of these teams are valid teams.
Answer

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You are taking photo of 4 bright
students of Afterschoool in the
morning time (who are talking to
each other) Khyati is facing Sun.
Jitesh’s shadow is on Anamika who
is just left of Khyati. Shabnam has
two persons to her left and one
towards right. Whom will you find in
the left side of the photograph? You
are South facing, but none of the
student is south facing.
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Solution…
• Their order : from east to west :
• Jitesh, Shabnam, Khyati and Anamika
• Thus in the photo, Jitesh will bein the left.
• Answer.

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If the first and 2nd letter of the word
UNPRECEDENTED are
interchanged with the 1st and 2nd
from the end. Similarly the 3rd and
4th letters are interchanged with 3rd
and 4th letters from the end. What
will be the 7th letter to the right of 3rd
letter to the left?

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Solution….
• Look at the word : UNPRECEDENTED
• Take the 10th letter from right ( 3 + 7 = 10
and as we have to start from left, we are
doing it from right without changing the
position of the letters).
• Thus answer is R.

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SOLVE THIS PUZZLE
• I. There is a family of 5 persons A, B, C, D and E.
• II. They are working as a doctor, a teacher, a trader,
• a lawyer and a farmer.
• III. B, an unmarried teacher, is the daughter of A.
• IV. E, a lawyer, is the brother of C.
• V C is the husband of the only married couple in
• the family. :
• VI. A, a farmer, is a father of two sons and an
• unmarried daughter.
• VII. Daughter-in-law of A is a doctor.

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SOLUTION…
• A IS THE ELDEST PERSON IN THE FAMILY. HE IS
FATHER OF B,E,C.
• B IS AN UNMARRIED GIRL, WHO IS SISTER OF E
AND C.
• C IS MARRIED. E IS A LAWYER AND UNMARRIED
PERSON.
• C AND D ARE MARRIED AND D IS WIFE AND IS ALSO
A DOCTOR
• A’S PROFESSION IS FARMER , B IS A TEACHER, C IS
A TRADER, D IS A DOCTOR, E IS A LAWYER.
ANSWER
•
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4,6,10(12), 16, (14),22
• THERE ARE TWO SERIES :

• 4 + 6 =10, NEXT 10 + 6= 16 , NEXT 16+6
=22
• SECOND SERIES : 6,12,18…
• SO IN THE SERIES, INSTEAD OF 14,
WE HAVE TO WRITE HERE 18.
• ANSWER

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DATA SUFFICIENCY QUESTION:
What is the area of a field?
1. It is a square field, and diagonal is
200 meters.
2. it takes a person 1 hour to take a
round of this field @ 10 km per hour.
• Options : 1. only 1st 2. only 2nd 3. both
together 4. either individually 5. none
• Answer : 1st statement alone is sufficient.
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DATA SUFFICIENCY
what is the age of Mohan?
1. He was born on 1/1/90.
2. Age of Mohan is 10 year less
than the age of his brother, who
will be completing his graduation
this year.
• Answer : 1st statement is sufficient.

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Data sufficiency
Is India a developing country?
1. per capita income of India is
increasing.
2. No body dies from hunger in
India.
• No statement is sufficient to answer the
question.
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Should Ravi invite Kavi today?
1. Today is the wedding
anniversary of Ravi and he wants
to host a party.
2. Kavi is the only person who has
helped him in his troubled times.
• Answer : both the statements together are
required to answer.

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DATA SUFFICIENCY QUESTION:
what is the age of Hulash?
1. he is 12 years older than Ramu.
2. 4 years later Ramu will be 12
years younger to Hulash.
• Answer : neither statement is sufficient.

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What is the rate of Potato?
1. Hulash got 200 Kg potato in
just Rs. 800. last year.
2. Inflation rate this year is 10%.
• Neither statement is sufficient.

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Data sufficiency question
what is the distance between
Bikaner and Delhi.
1. Dudi took 20 hours in going from
Bikaner to delhi and returning back
to Bikaner.
2. the distance between these cities
is double the distance between
Bikaner and Jodhpur.
• Answer : both the statements are
06/29/09
insufficient.AFTERSCHOOOL centre for social entrepreneurship
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148
what is the age of Seema?

1. today is the 25th marriage
anniversary of her mother.
2. Her mother is 30 years elder to
her
• Answer : neither statement can give the answer

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how is X related to Y?
1. Y is brother of X
2. Z is mother of X and Y.
• Answer : neither statement can give the

answer.
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What is the volume of a Glass
(which is cylindrical in shape )?
1. the volume of a ball, which just
fits in the glass is 212 cu. Cm.
2. the volume of the box, in which
this glass is properly fitted is 612
cu. Cm. (the box is of the shape of
a cuboid)
• Both the statements are together required
to calculate the volume of the glass.

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Data sufficiency question:
who is the lightest among
A,B,C,D,E?
1. A is heavier than B, who is
heavier than C and D.
2. E is heavier than maximum
number of persons.
• Answer : neither statement gives the answer.
There is confusion about C and D, who is lighter.

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how many children in a room
are boys?
1. 50% children are in white
dress.
2. only boys are in white dress.
• Solution : neither statement gives the answer
(exact number is not given).
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is running good for health?
1. running within proper limits is
good for heart and lungs.
2. knee, ankle and foot borne
problems are due to prolonged and
improper running.
• Answer : either statement alone gives
answer.

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If the second half of the english
alphabet is written in reverse
order, which letter will be
9 of the right of the eighth letter
th
from the left end?

• ABCDEFGHIJKLMZYXWVUTSRQPON
• The word here is RIGHT OF, therefore the answer is O,
had it been RIGHT TO, we would have taken W as the
answer.
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In the following number series, how
many such odd numbers are there
which are divisible by 3 or 5 and
are followed by an odd number
which again is followed by an even
number?
12,13,14,15,30,21,23,60,61,62,75,
78,90,91,92,94,95,99,101,121,113
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Solution….
• The numbers are 12 (followed by 13 and
again followed by 14), 21 (followed by 23
and again followed by 60), 60 (followed
by 61 and again followed by 62), and 90
(followed by 91 and again followed by 92).
• Thus there are : 4 such numbers. Answer

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in the following number series, how
many 9s are there which are not
completely divisibly by a number
which is preceded by it but
completely divisible by a number
which is followed by it?
2012939493929495832923991939
5968739729277592019939281938

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Solution…
• These are as under : (1). 293 = preceded
by 2 and followed by 3. (2) 493 =
preceded by and followed by 3 thus
fulfilling our condition.
• Thus there are only 2 such 9s.

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Sabnam remembers that she met
her sister Shaini on Saturday after
13th of any month. If the first day of
the month was Tuesday then on
what date did she meet her sister?
• 19th of that month. Answer

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• Options : 2,3,4,5
• Try with options. Square of 2 is 4, which is
not possible here
• Square of 4 is 16, which cannot be written
as (squre of 1 + 2 * ….), 55.25 will not
come in multiple of 3.
• Try with 5, 143 is not a multiple of 3, thus
only option left is 3, which fulfills our
conditions. Answer
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In how many ways can we divide 9
things among 3 groups containing
2,3,4 items?
• 9 items can be divided in 9!, but we have

3 groups. So :
• 9!/(2!*3!*4!)
• =1260 answer

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Denominator of a fraction exceeds
a numerator by 2. if 5 is added to
the numerator, it increases by unity,
what is the fraction?
• Options: 1/3, 3/5, 5/7, 7/9

• Try with options, answer is :
• 3/5

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IN A CARVAN THERE ARE 50
HENS, 45 GOATS 8 CAMELS
AND SOME PERSONS.
THERE ARE 224 MORE
FEETS THAN THE NUMBER
OF HEADS. WHAT IS THE
NUMBER OF PERSONS?

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SOLUTION…
• (312 + 2X) – ( 103 + X) = 224
• WE GET X = 15
• X = NUMBER OF PERSONS.
• ANSWER.

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UMAKANT STARTED MOVING FROM
B TOWARDS A EXACTLY AN HOUR
AFTER VIJAY STARTED FROM A IN
THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION, BUT AT
HALF THE SPEED. BY THE TIME
VIJAY COVERED 1/6TH OF THE
DISTANCE, UMAKANT ALSO
COVERED THE SAME DISTANCE.
WHERE WILL THEY MEET?
• CLOSER TO A OR B OR JUST BETWEEN A & B

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SOLUTION…
• THEY WILL BE CLOSER TO A
• ANSWER.

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In a class of MBAs, 40% took
marketing, Finance and HR each.
10% took all the three options. 10%
took combinations of 2 papers
each. How many didn’t take either
of these three papers and opted for
other options?
• Solution = 30 % answer

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In a party of 50 persons, there are 3
optons: 1. tea, 2. coffee 3. cold drink.
5 persons take all three. There are 9
persons who like coffee and tea.
There are 6 persons who like tea and
cold drink. There are 6 persons who
like cold drink and coffee. There are
20 persons who take tea and 20
persons who take coffee. How many
persons take only cold drink? Every
person takes something at least.
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Solution…
• = 19 answer

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A@B means A is bigger than B. A #
B means A is smaller than B. A & B
means A is equal to B. A !B means
A is either Equal or bigger than B. A
$ B means A is either equal or
smaller than B. Solve the following
question:
• P @Q $ R # W
• Which is correct : 1. Q is smaller than W
• 2. P is bigger than W 3. W is smaller than Q 4 None.

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SOLUTION
• ONLY 1ST CONCLUSION CAN BE
DRAWN.

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A@B means A is bigger than B.
A # B means A is smaller than
B. A & B means A is equal to B.
A !B means A is either Equal or
bigger than B. A $ B means A is
either equal or smaller than B.
Solve the following question:
• M!N @Q$R&P which is correct :
• 1. q is bigger than R 2. M IS BIGGER
THAN Q 3. AFTERSCHOOOL
06/29/09
P IS SMALLER THAN M. 4 175
centre for social entrepreneurship
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SOLUTION…
• ONLY 2ND CONCLUSION CAN BE
DRAWN

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12/2 - 6*3 +8 = 16, how will you
interchange the sings to solve it?
• Instead of + use – and instead of – use +.
• You get : 6 + 18 – 8 = 16 answer

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6 friends are being photographed.
They are sitting in a row. A and C
are sitting together. D is to the
immediate right of B. C is in the 2nd
position from the left (when you
observe them). E and F are in the
middle. There are 3 persons to the
left of E. A is to the right of
maximum number of persons. What
is their sitting order?
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1n a queue, Vijay is fourteenth from
the front and Umakant is
seventeenth from the end, while
Mary is in between Vijay and
Umakant. Vijay be ahead of
Umakant and there are 48 persons
in the queue, how many persons
are there between Vijay and Mary?

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Solution…
• We have exactly 17 persons between
Vijay and Umakant. Mary is just in the
centre of these 17, so there are 8 persons
between Vijay and Mary
• ( 48 - `14 – 17 = 17)

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If 2 is at the top, what number will
be at the bottom?

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Solution…
• It is 6 at the bottom.

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Complete above magic square so that
the rows, columns, diagonals— all add
to the same number and then find A+B?

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Solution… =9.25+11.75 = 21
13 4.25 10.5
6.75 9.25 11.75
8 14.25 5.5
27.75
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WHAT WILL COME IN PLACE
OF ?

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SOLUTION..
• 7 *2 + 2 = 16
• 16 * 2 + 2 = 34
• 34*2 + 2 = 70
• 70 * 2 + 2 = 142
• 142 * 2 + 2 = 286 AND SO ON.
• SO ANSWER IS 70

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Which is wrong number in the
series :
12,18, 27, 90, 270, 945,3780
• It is mentioned that it is a series, so solve it like
a series and don’t search for odd one out.
• 12*1.5 = 18
• 18* 2 = 36
• 36 * 2.5 = 90
• 90 * 3 = 270
• 270* 3.5 = 945
• 945 * 4 = 3780 so the wrong number is 27.
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What would come in the fill in the
blanks :
BA_B_AAB_A_B
• OPTIONS :
• ABAA,
• ABBA
• BAAB,
• BABB
• Solution : the series is as under:
• BAABBAABBAAB
• We get this answer from 2nd option. Answer.

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P, O and Q are standing in the form
of a triangle and POQ makes 90
degree angle. P is exactly 400 m.
north of O and Q is exactly 300 m.
West of O. R comes and stands
just in the mid point between P and
Q. What is the direction and
distance of R from Q?
• Answer : 250 m. north east answer.
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A woman walking with a boy meets
another woman and on being
asked about her relationship with
the boy, she says : “My maternal
uncle and his maternal uncle’s
maternal uncle are brothers.” How
is the boy related to the woman?

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Solution
• Start solving from the last line. It is easier
to solve such questions backwards.
• The answer is the boy is son of the
woman. The woman could be aunt also
(maternal aunt) .
• Answer

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When Umakant went to
Sachin’s house, Sachin showed
him a photograph. The photo
was that of the only grandson of
the father of the uncle of the
sister of his sister’s uncle.
Who’s photograph was it ?
• SACHIN’S
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Statement :
1. Men are sinners
2. Saints are men
conclusion :
1. saints are sinners
2. sinners are saints
which is / are valid conclusion?
• Only 1st conclusion is valid conclusion

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Statement :
1. all dogs are cats
2. all cats are monkeys
conclusion :
1. all dogs are monkeys
2. some monkeys are dogs
• Both the conclusions are valid conclusions

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Statement :
1. all tables are chairs
2. all chairs are spoons
conclusion :
1. all spoons are tables
2. some chairs are tables
• ONLY 2ND CONCLUSION IS VALID
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Statement :
2. Some chairs are spoons
conclusion :
1. some spoons are tables
• Neither conclusion is valid.
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Statement :
1. all books are pens
2. all tables are pens
conclusion :
1. some books are tables
2. some pens are tables
• Only 2nd conclusion is valid conclusion
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Statement :
1. some tables are chairs
2. some chairs are spoons
conclusion :
1. some spoons are tables
2. some chairs are tables
• Only 2nd conlusion is valid conclusion
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Statement :
1. few tables are chairs
2. no chairs are spoons
conclusion :
1. no spoons are tables
2. some chairs are not tables
• Neither conclusion is valid conclusion
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Statement :
3. All spoons are pens
conclusion :
1. some spoons are pens
2. some pens are tables
• BOTH THE CONCLUSIONS ARE VALID
CONCLUSIONS
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Position of Sanjay in the class
from top is 8th and from bottom is
29th. How many students are there
in the class?
• 29 + 8 – 1 = 36 answer

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Rajiv is 7th from the left and Manu
is 12th from the right. Rajiv and
Manu interchange their position,
now Rajiv is 27th from left. How
many students are there ?
• 27+12 – 1 = 38 answer

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ABC123A1B2C3D4E5F6DEF456
IN THE ABOVE SERIES, HOW
MANY NUMBERS ARE
IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWED BY
AND ALSO PRECEDED BY
NUMBERS?
• ONLY TWO : 2 (BETWEEN 1 AND 3) AND

5 (BETWEEN 5 AND 6) ANSWER
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WHAT WILL COME NEXT : 1,4,18,
96
• It is N!*N
• Thus 1! *1 = 1
• 2!*2 = 4
• 3!*3 = 18
• 4!*4 = 96
• 5!*5 = 600 answer

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IF € + £ = 11 AND € -£ =5 AND £
*¥ =1 AND £ / ¥ =9, WHAT IS €/
¥?
• 24 Answer
• Solve it and find :
• € = 8 £ = 3 and ¥ = .33

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A + b means A is mother of B and A
– B means A is father of B. A * B
means A is sister of of B. A / B
means A is brother of B. Which of
the following combination shows
that P is aunt of Q?
• 1. P / R + Q 2. P * R – Q
• 3. P – R / Q 4. P – Q / R

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solution
• ( 2 ) answer

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If Anju is taller than Rohini and
shorter.than Manju and. Rohini is
as tall as Sanju but taller than
Shubhangi, then Sanju is
(a) Taller than Manju
(b) Shorter than Anju
(c) As tall as Anju
(d) Shorter than Shubhangi
(e) Shorter than- Rohini
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Solution
• (c)

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If the first and the second letters of the word
UNPRECEDENTED are interchanged with the
first and the second letters from the end,
similarly the third and the fourth letters are
interchanged with the 3rd and 4th letters from
the end, and soon, then what will be the
seventh letter to the right of the third letter
from the
left?
(a)P (b)R (c) E (d) C
• Solution : (R)

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In the word “PRESENCE”, how
many pairs of letters are there such
that each pair has as many letters
between its units in the word as
there are in the English alphabet?
(a)One (b)Two
(c) Three (d) Four

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Solution
• C and E have one letter in alphabet, here
also we have only 1 letter between these
two letters
• P and S have 2 letters between them.
• N and R have 3 letters between them,
• Thus we have 3 pairs (similar to alphabet)
answer

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Some leaders are good
team workers. -
Some good team workers
are good-speakers -
Conclusions :
1.-Some good team workers
are leaders.
II. Some good speakers are
leaders -
• Only 1st conclusion can be drawn
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Look at this series :
D54Ih*$ke3lb@arm16f%jЄ276g9
how many such symbols are there
which are immediately preceded
by or immediately followed by a
consonant but not both?
• Three : * $ Є

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D54Ih*$ke3lb@arm16f%jЄ276g
9
which will be the digit fifth to the
right of the 13th from the right
• % answer

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D54Ih*$ke3lb@arm16f%jЄ276g
9
which will be the digit fourth to
the left of the sixth from the right
• 6 answer

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D54Ih*$ke3lb@arm16f%jЄ276g9
How many such consonants are
there which are preceded by a
vowel and followed by consonant
(immediately)?
• R is the only one (one) answer

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A cube of 15 cm dimension each is
coloured red on front and back.
Then it is cut into smaller cube of
dimensions of 3 cm each. How
many cubes will we get of one side
red colour?
• 25 in front and 25 in back side
• Total = 50 answer.

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coloured red on front & bottom blue
on both sides and yellow on top
and and back. Then it is cut into
smaller cube of dimensions of 3 cm
each. How many cubes will we get
of only one side red colour & no
other colour?
• 9 from front and 9 from bottom = 18 answer

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which have all three colour on three
sides?
• 4 cubes only
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total?
• 125 answer
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of only one side blue colour and
one side red colour and no other
side with any colour?
• 12
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which will not have any side
coloured?
• 27 answer
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of only one side coloured ( any
colour) ?
• 54 answer ( 6 * 9 )
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of only two sides coloured (any
colour) ?
• 12 sides each of 3 cubes : 12 * 3 = 36 ans

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of 3 sides with colours (any
colour) ?
• 8 cubes in 8 corners answer = 8

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Statements:
All terrorists are men.
All men are ill
Conclusions
I. All terrorists are ill-famed
II. No man can be a terrorist.
Which conclusion is/are valid?
• No conclusion is valid

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Statements:
All terrorists are men.
All men are ill-famed
Conclusions
I. All terrorists are ill-famed
II. No man can be a terrorist.
Which is valid conclusion
• Only 1st conclusion is valid conclusion

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Statements:
Some teachers are followers.
Some followers are famous.
Conclusions
I. Some teachers are
famous
II. Some followers, are
teachers
• Only 2 conclusion is valid conclusion
nd

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Statements:
All followers are famous.
Conclusions
famous
II. Some followers, are
teachers
• Both the conclusions are valid conclusions
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Statements:
Some followers are famous.
Conclusions
famous
II. Some famous persons, are
teachers
• No conclusion is valid conclusion
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In a certain code language,
EMPHASIS is written as:
NDIOBRJR. In that code
language, how will
CREATURE be written?
(a) SBBDUTSD
(b) QBBDTUSD
(c) DSDBSTSF
(d) SBDBUTDS
• Answer : (A )
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‘Watch’ is related to ‘Time’
in the same way as ‘Vehicle’
is related to
(a) Driver (b) Road
(c) Passenger
(d) Journey (e) Fuel
• (d) journey
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Haresh is 27th from the left end of
a row of 49 boys and Mahesh is
27th from the right end in the same
row: How many boys are there
between them in the row?
• There are (49-27) = 22 boys to the right of

H and there are 22 boys to the left of M.
Thus we have 22+22+2 = 46 boys, there
should be 49-46 = 3 boys between them.

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Nidhi is 5th from the right among
7 girls. Jyoti is 5th from left, how
many girls are between them?
• There are 2 to the left of Nidhi and 2 to the

right of Jyoti, plus they themselves, left out
are : ( 7 – 2 – 2 – 2) = 1 answer.

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Nidhi is 3 from the left among 7
th
girls. Jyoti is 3th from right, how

many girls are between them?
• 7 – ( 3 + 3) = 1 answer

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in a code language”1 3 5 7” means
‘We are very happy”, “2 6 3 9”
means “They are extremely lucky”,
and “7 9 4” means ‘Happy and
lucky”. Which digit in that code
language stands for “Very”?
• 1 or 5 (one of these – data insufficient).
• 3 stands for are and 7 stands for happy.
But we are not able to decipher 1 and 5,
so very stands for one of these.
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Which of the following groups of
letters should come in place of the
question-mark (?) in the series
given below, formed by the letter-
groups of the English alphabet?
AZB CYD EXF ? IVJ
(a)GUH (b)GHU
(c) GWH (d) GHW
• Answer : (c)
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“Illness” is related to “Cure” in
the same way as “Grief” is
related to
(a) Happiness. (b) Ecstasy (c)
Remedy (d) Solicitude (e)
Consolation
• Answer : (C ) remedy for grief

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Which pair of English letters should
be the next in the series of pairs of
letters of English alphabet given
below?
BE GK MR TZ BI
(a)JR (b)KS
(c) JS (d) KR
(e)JQ
• Solution : (b) B,G, M are increasing from

5,6,7 …. E,K,R are
06/29/09
increasing in 6,7,8….
AFTERSCHOOOL centre for social entrepreneurship
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242
A and B are standing at a distance of
20km from each other on a straight
East- West road (A is in the West and B
is in East) . A and B start walking
simultaneously, eastwards and
westwards respectively, and both turn
to their left and walk 10 km. ‘B’ turns to
his right and walks 10 km at the same
speed. Then both turn to their left and
cover a distance of 5km at the same
speed. What will be the distance
06/29/09 between them?
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243
Solution …
• Prepare a map and solve it :
• Distance East – West : 15 KM
• Distance north – south : 25 km
• Distance between them : sqrt(15^2 +
25^2)
• = 29.15 KM answer.

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Find the most similar option:
• KILOMETRE : DISTANCE
• (a) WeIght: Kilo
• (b) Thermometer: Temperature
• (c) I.Q. .: Intelligence
• d)Time : Hours
• Solution : (C) IQ measures intelligence

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Which is the most similar :
• COMPANY: DEPARTMENT
• (a) Sea: Ocean
• (b) Hub :Wheel
• (C) Milk : Butter
• (d) Book : Chapter
• Solution :
• Option C and D both seem to be logical answers

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• DROUGHT: FAMINE
• (b) Inflation: Lower consumption

• (c) Dry: Food
• (ci) Flood : Monsoon
• (a) Run : Fatigue
• SOLUTION :
• (b) answer 
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Which are the most similar to the
capitalised one :
• FRIENDLY: INTIMATE
• (a)Comfortable: Uncomfortable
• (b) Storm: Rain
• (c) Tepid : Hot
• (d) Little: Excessive
• SOLUTION :
• (C) Tepid (warm, little hot), is similar to hot in
same manner as friendly is to intimate (very
friendly).
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Which is most similar to capitalised
one :
• SECRETARY: STENOGRAPHY
• (a) Doctor: Medicine
• (b) Book keeping :Accountant
• (c) Weatherman : Meteorology
• (d) Typist :Typography
• Solution :
• (c ) answer

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Name the Indians, who are actors
as well as singers:

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In a college election, a candidate
who got 40% of the total votes was
defeated by his rival by 160 votes.
What was the total number of votes
polled?
• Suppose there are 100 votes, one got 60 and other got 40. Thus
one person got 20 more votes. If 20 is the difference, the votes
polled are 100, if 160 is the difference, the votes polled are : 160
*100/20 : = 800 ans.

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A merchant wants a gross profit
of 25 percent on the sales. Thus
the percentage that he should
add to the cost price will be
• Normally we take profit on cost. But here,

we are taking profit on sales. If selling
price is 100, profit is 25 and cost : 75, thus
on cost : 25/75 *100, gives us 33.33% ans
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Which of the given figures best
represents the relation of Elected
body, Parliament and of Legislative
Assembly?

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Solution
• (C) is the best option, elected body is
bigger circle, in which there are two bodies
: 1. parliament (in the central govt.) and 2.
legislative assembly (in states).

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Reema is twice as old as Beena.
Three years ago, she was three
times as old as Beena. How old is
Reema now?
• Options: (a) 10 years (b) 12 years

• (c) 15 years (d) 18 years
• SOLUTION :
• Try with option (b), you get the answer.
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Anita got 178 marks and failed by
22 marks. To pass, she had to
secure 40% marks. What were the
maximum marks?
• (178+22) * 100/40 = 500 answer.

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If ALTERED is written as
ZOGVIVW, how would you write
the word RELATED in the same
code?
• Options: (a) VIOGZVW (b) IVOZGWV (c)
VOIZGVW (d) IVOZGVW
• A is first from beginning, Z is first from last,
so on. Thus we are taking words from last
counting same rank. Ths answer will be : (
d ).
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Solution :
• R : 18 instead of this : I
• E : 5 instead of this : V
• L : 12 instead of this : O
• A : 1 instead of this : Z
• T : 20 instead of this : G
• E :5 instead of this : V
• D: 4 instead of this : W
• So answer : IVOZGVW
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Solution aid :
• Remember : C F I L O R U X
• It looks like the name of medicine, but it
will help you. It is the table of 3 (c stands
for 3, f for 6 and so on. It is also table of 3
from back side, x is 3 from last, and u is 6
from last) .
• Similarly remember E J O T Y
• It is table of 5. (E stands for 5)
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Average age of a class of 39
students is 15 years. But when the
age of teachers is included, the
average increases by 3 months.
What is the age of the teacher?
• 40 (including teacher) * 15.25 = 610 ( 3
months = .25)
• 39 * 15 = 585 (total of the students)
• The difference is the age of the teacher,
which is 25 years. Answer.
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A batsman makes 87 in 17th
innings and increases his
average by 3, what is his
average after 17th innings?
• Let us assume the average after 17th innings to

be x. so his total run now is : 17X. It is equal to :
16 (X-3) + 87
• Solving it we get : 16x-48 + 87 = 17 x
• -x = - 39 or x = 39 answer.
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Distance between Bikaner and
Ahmedabad is 700 KM. Vyas ji
goes @ 84 km per hour and
returns back @ 56 km per hour.
What is the average speed of Vyas
ji?
• For average speed, use harmonic mean.
• 1/84 + 1/56 = ( 2+ 3) / 168
• Now multiply it by ½, we get : 5/336
• Now reverse it : 336/5 = 67.2 answer.
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Three partners A,B,C invest Rs.
1600, 1800, 2300 in a business.
How should they divide profit of Rs.
399 between A,B,C, What is the
share of C?
• Share of A = 16 / (16+18+23) * 399 = 112
• Share of B = 18 / (16+18+23) * 399 = 126
• Share of C = 23 / (16+18+23) * 399 161
• C’s share is 161 answer.
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Five books marked A, B, C,
D and E are lying on a table.
D is to the left of C; B is to
the left of E; A is to the right
Of C. If A Is to the left of B,
then the book in the middle
will be
• DCABE
• THUS A IS IN THE MIDDLE.
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In a row of six persons, D and C
are immediate neighbours of E.
B is a neighbour of A only. A is
the fourth from F. Who are on
the two end points?
• BADECF or BACEDF
• The extreme points are occupied by B and F.
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Six families A, B, C, D, E and F are
living in houses in a row. B has F
and D as neighbours. E has A and
C as neighbours. A does not live
next to either F or D. C does not
live next to D. Who are F’s next
door neighbours?
• DBFCEA
• Thus next door neighbours of F are B and C. ans
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In a row of forty children, P is
thirteenth from the left end and Q is
ninth from the right end. How many
children are there between P and F
if F Is fourth to the left of Q?
• Solution :
• 12, P, 18, Q, 8 (thus there are 18 children between P
and q. thus we have :
• 12, P, 14, F 3, Q, 8
• There are 14 children between P and F.

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If a/4 = b / 5, then which of
these may be correct ?

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Solution :
• Let us assume A = 8 and B = 10. Let us
put the values and try to solve it :
• We find that B and D both are giving
correct answers, provided we don’t take
the value of A and B as 4 and 5
respectively.

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The root of the
(x+4)/4 + ( x—5)/3= 11
equation is
• Options : 12,20,10,3

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Solution…
• Try from options, 20 gives you correct
answer.

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What is the perimeter of the triangle
BCD in the figure given below ?

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Solution…
• Angle ABC is also 45 thus AB = AC thus
BC = 2 * sqrt(2).
• All the sides of BCD are equal, so the
perimeter is 3 * 2 *sqrt(2)
• = 6 * sqrt (2) answer.

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The independent probabilities that
the three sections of an accounts
department will encounter a
computer error are 0.2, 0.3 and 0.1.
What is the probability that there
will be at least one error?

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Solution…
• Find out the probability of no error and
deduct that from 1, you will get the
answer.
• No error = (1-.2) * (1-.3) *(1-.1) = .504
• Thus probability of at least one error is :
• 1 - .504 = .496 answer.

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If x^(1/p) = y^(1/q) = z^(1/r), and
xyz =1, then what is the value of
p + q + r?
• Let us assume the values of X, Y and Z as 2,4,
and 1/8.
• Let us assume r = -3, we get 1/8^ (-1/3), which is
2. thus p =1 and q = 2
• Thus add p + q + r , we get 1+2+(-3), = 0
• So answer is Zero. (you can assume any values
as per the conditions).
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What can be the value of Y:
(15,30,60,40)?

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Solution…
• Try from option, only 30 gives you correct
answer. You are able to get a total of 180
for both the triangles when you assume it
to be 30. thus answer is 30 degrees.

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A = (sqrt(3) + sqrt2) / (sqrt3) –
sqrt(2)
B = sqrt(3) – sqrt(2) /
(sqrt(3)+sqrt(2),
what is a^2 + b^2?

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Solution…
• (sqrt(3) + sqrt2) / (sqrt3) – sqrt(2) multiply
by : sqrt(3) + sqrt(2) / (sqrt(3) + (sqrt (2)
• Gives : 3 + 2 + 2(sqrt3*2) = 9.89
• Similarly solve for B.
• We get 3 + 2 – 2(sqrt3*2) = .11
• Solving these we get :
• Squres of 9.89 and .11
• Gives you 98 (approx.) as answer.
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A managing committee of 7
members is to be constituted
from a group comprising 8
gentlemen and 5 ladies. What is
the probability that the
committee would comprise 2
ladies?

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• We are selecting 2 women from a group of 5, so
5c2 + we are selecting 5 men from a group of 8,
so 8c5, solving this we get : (total we are
selecting 7 persons out of 13):
• C = combination (where order is not important)
• (5c2 * 8C5) / (13 c7)
• =(5*4 / 2*1) * (8 *7*6) /( 3*2*1)
• =560
• DIVIDED BY :
• (13*12*11*10*9*8) / (6*5*4*3*2*1) = 1716
• 140/429
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• (5c3 * 8C4) / (13 c7)
• =(5*4 / 2*1) * (8 *7*6*5) /(4* 3*2*1)
• =700
• DIVIDED BY :
• (13*12*11*10*9*8) / (6*5*4*3*2*1) = 1716
• 175/429
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• (5c4 * 8C3) / (13 c7)
• =(5 / 1) * (8 *7*6*) /( 3*2*1)
• =280
• DIVIDED BY :
• (13*12*11*10*9*8) / (6*5*4*3*2*1) = 1716
• 70/429
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• (5c5 * 8C2) / (13 c7)
• =1 * (8 *7) /( 2*1)
• =28
• DIVIDED BY :
• (13*12*11*10*9*8) / (6*5*4*3*2*1) = 1716
• 7/429
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solution
• Let us add all the probabilities :
• (140 + 175 + 70 + 7 ) / 429
• 392 / 429 answer

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How many cubes with edge 10 cm
that can be accommodated in a
cubical box of 1 metre edge?
• Bigger cube / smaller cube

• (100*100*100) / (10*10*10) = 1000
answer.

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I have a cube of one dimension
of 12 cm. Now I colour it on all
sides with red colour and make
smaller cubes out of it of one
dimension of 3 cm. How many
cubes will I have with no colours
on any side?
• Only 8 out of 64 cubes will not have any
colour. Answer
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cubes will I have with no colours
on any side?
• Answer : 27 cubes
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cubes will I have with colours on
three sides?
• There are 8 such cubes
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cubes will I have with colours on
two sides?
• 12 * 4 (there are 12 edges in a cube). = 48 ans
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I have a cube of one dimension of
18 cm. Now I colour it on all sides
with red colour and make smaller
cubes out of it of one dimension of
3 cm. How many cubes will I have
with colours on only one side?
• There are 6 sides on a cube, so 6 * 16= 96.

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In a class of 60 at a busi ness
school, 40 students like marketing
management, 36 like production
management and 24 like both. The
number of students who like only
production management is
• 36 – 24 = 12.
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In a class of 60 at a busi ness
school, 40 students like marketing
management, 36 like production
management and 24 like both. The
number of students who like don’t
like either of these subjects.
• 60 – 52 ( 12 + 24 + 16) = 8 answer.

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Question on assumption:
• The government has decided to disinvest large
chunk of its equity in select public sector
undertakings for a better fiscal management.
• Assumptions:
• I. The amount generated out of the
disinvestment process may reduce substantially
the mounting fiscal deficits.
• II. There will be enough demand in. the market
for the shares of these undertakings.

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Solution:
• The first assumption only is valid
assumption, as it has been mentioned that
the objective of the government is to
manage fiscal deficit.

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Assumptions..
• The railway authority has decided to introduce
two additional super-fast trains between the
cities ‘A’ and ‘B’ during the vacation time.
• Assumptions
• I. All the passengers who desire to travel during
vacation time will get a train ticket.
• II. All other modes of transport between the
• cities ‘A’ and ‘B’ are already overstretched.

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Solution…
• Second assumption is the valid
assumption, as that is why the Railways
authority has decided to introduce
additional trains.

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• We must be prepared to face any
eventuality and all the assignments must
be completed as schedule. Director tells
the Faculty members. Assumptions : -
• I. There is possibility of a Serious
eventuality.
• II. Dates are fixed for all the assignments.
• III. Faculty members are Supposed to
complete all the assignments.
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Solution…
• All the assumptions are valid assumptions.

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Question on Inference : which is
valid inference:
• How is ‘over’ written in a certain code
language ?
• I. ‘Over and again’ is written as ‘pit na ja’
in that code language.
• Il. ‘Boy and girl play’ is written as ‘ta ho pa
ja’ in that code language.

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Solution…
• Both the statements are not valid
infererences.

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. Which of the. following statements must be true
in order to establish that G 30 is the all
embracing group that includes G1, Uno, Due
and G2 ?
• (1) All markets of G1, G2 include all markets of
Due.
• (2) All markets of G 30 include all markets of
G1, Uno.
• (3) All markets of G1, G2 include all markets of
Uno.

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Solution…
• 2nd statement is vital.

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Before reaching her office (from
home) , Nidhi turns right 4 times
and turns left 7 times (90 degree
each). Her office is North facing,
what can we say about her home?
Options: north, south, east, west facing

Solution :
East facing
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Which course of action do you
suggest?
• Statement : - Courts take too long in
deciding important disputes, of various
departments
• 1. courts should be ordered to speed up
the matters
• 2. Special powers should be given to the
officers to settle to settle the dispute in
their departments
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solution
• Both the courses of action seem
appropriate and help us in solving the
matter.

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Coding
• If VICTORY is coded as YLFWRUB, then
how can SUCCESS be coded?
• (a) VXEEIVV (b) VXFFHVV
• (c) VYEEHVV
• (d) None of these –
• Solution:
• (b) is the right answer.

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Course of action
• Every year at the beginning or at the end of
the,rnonsoons, :hav&. Of conjunctivitis, but this
year, it Seems to be a major epidemic witnessed
after four years.
• 1 Precautionary •measures should be taken
after every f ea ;td check this epidemic.
• 2 People should be a visedzt dt rainy season.
• Solution: none of the statement is valid

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What is the smallest number of
ducks that could swim in this
formation: two ducks in front of a
duck, two duck behind a duck and
a duck between two ducks ?.
• Options: 3,5,7, none of these

• Answer : 3

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The post office is to the east of the
school While my house is to the
south of school. The market is to
The north of the post Office. If the
distance of the market from the
post office is ‘equal to the distance
of my house to the school, and that
of school and post office, then in
which direction is the market with
respect to my school?
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Answer :
• North East

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A watch reads 4.30. If the
minute hand points East, then in
which direction will the hour
hand point
• NORTH EAST (ANSWER)

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The diagram in the left show marketing in green
and systems in blue. Marketing is further
classified in right pie chart. Green and maroon
colour on right are what % of the systems?
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5 5

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if in the previous graph, the actual
values are reduced by half, then
the maroon and blue combined is
by what % more than red in the
left pie chart?
• 28% approximate.

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• The result of an exam is given below. Out of 1000
students who appeared
• (i) 658 failed in Physics
• (ii) 166 failed in Physics and Chemistry
• (iii) 372 failed in Chemistry, 434 failed in Physics and
Maths
• (iv) 590 failed in Maths, 126 failed in Maths and Chem
• Assume all students failed in at least one subject.
• Th number of students who failed in all the three
subjects is (1) 178 (2) 73 (3) 106 (4) 126

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Solution….
• =1000- ((658 - (166+434)) +(372 -
(166+126)) +(590 -
(434+126))+(166+434+126)) = 106
answer.

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solution

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Which of these had least cost per
room?

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Solution..
• Divide the cost by the number of rooms
• We get Royal Holidays with minimum cost
of .41.

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FEI: black: 1997, white : 1998.
Which country had maximum
changein FEI?

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soluton
• Just by observation, we find the answer :
China

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Graph shows market shares, what
is the growth rate of company A?

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Solution
• Data inadequate – as we don’t know about
volume or price.

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Graph shows market shares, what is
the growth rate of company A, if total
volume has increased by 100% and
value by 50%?

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solution
• Inadequate information – as we don’t
know whether the growth rate is in terms
of volume or price?

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Graph shows market shares, what is the
annual growth rate of company A (in terms
of volume), if total volume has increased by
100% and value by 50%?

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Solution…
• Suppose total volume was 100 in 1991,
then the company A had 25. in 2001 total
volume should be 200, company A should
have 50. Thus there is growth of 25 on 25
= 100% growth. Divided by 10 years, we
get annual growth rate of 10%. Answer.

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• A, B, C and D are 4 villages on a straight road in
that order, given that B is equidistant from A and
C while C is equidistant from B and D. Two girls
Reena and Sheena decide to walk from A to D,
covers the distance walking at 3 km/hr and
• Sheena covers the first lap (upto B) at either 1 or
4 km/ hr and then walked at the other speed till
she meets Reena. Thereafter they walk together
to D at Reena ‘s speed. Where did Sheena meet
Reena?
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Solution…
• Suppose the total distance is 120 km. We have three
gaps of 40 km each.
• The average speed of seena from A to C is : ¼ + 1/1
= 5/4 multiply it by ½, we get 5/8 reverse it : 8/5 = 1.6
km per hour. Thus Seena should first travel by 1 km
per hour and then by 4 km per hour. Till Seena reach
C, (80/1.6) = 50 hours – Reena should cover 50 * 3 =
150 km. Thus as per the logic they will never be able
to meet (If she starts with the speed of 1 km per
hour) Thus there is inadequate information. If she
starts with the speed of 4 km per hour, there is a
possibility that she can meet from B to C. …

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Continued…
• If Seena starts at 4 km per hour, then she is
ahead of Reena. Seena will take 10 hours to
cover the distance from A to B. now she will
move at 1 km per hour. And now Reena will
meet her. By the time Reena reaches B, Seena
is at : 3.33 km from B. Now Reena will meet her
at 3.33 / (3-1) = 1.66 hours. Thus they will meet
between B and C. Now they will move @ 3 km
per hour. Thus from B to D, they will take 80/3 =
26.6 hours to complete the journey as per our
asumptions. We need exact distance to
calculate the point where they met.

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• In terms of m, y is what percent of x?

• (A) m > 0
• (B) x is m percent of y
• (1) (A) or (B) alone, but not by other
statement
• (2) Either statement
• (3) Both statements together
• (4) Cannot be answered
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Rolling 6 dice, it is found that :
1. 3 dice show same numbers
and rest show different numbers
2. only one dice show 6
3. only 1 dice show 1, what is
maximum and minimum no.
greater than 3?
• Minimum = 1, maximum = 5.
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A watch reads 4.30. if minute hand
points east, in which direction will
the hour hand point?
• North east

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.333 of a number is .001 of
another number, what is the
ratio of the two numbers?
• Let us assume the 1st number to be 3, it
.33 is 1. now the second number is 1000
• Thus ratio is 3: 1000 or 1:333 answer.
• Or
• Let us assume the 1st number to be x. the
first solution is .33X the second number is
: .33x / .001, solving it we get : 333 x
•06/29/09
Thus the ratioAFTERSCHOOOL
is 1: 333 centreanswer.
for social entrepreneurship 337
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1.5 of a number is 6 times another
number, what is the ratio of the two
numbers?
• Let us assume the first number to be 100.

• 1.5 of this number is 150.
• This is 6 times another number, so divide
it by 6, we get : 25
• The ratio is 100 : 25
• Or 4:1 answer.

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Shabnam wants to go to IIM, she
starts from her home, which is East
facing. She comes to a crossing.
The road ahead takes to a hospital,
the road to left takes to Gujarat
University, in which direction is IIM
from her home?
• South – East

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A taxi goes 20 Km north, turns right
and goes 30 km then turns right
again and goes 35 km. Now
turning left goes 15 km. Finally
turns left and again goes 15 km. in
which direction and how far is the
taxi from the original starting
position?
• 45 km east from the starting point.
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a to f are 6 members in a family.
There are 2 couples. D is brother
of F and both are lighter than B,
who is mother of D and lighter than
E. C is a lady and is neither the
heaviest or the lightest in the
family. E is lighter than C. the
grandfather is the heaviest. E is a
man. Show the family diagram and
as per weight also.
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Solution…
• The grandfather is A, and couples are AC
(A is man, C women), EB (E is man and B
is woman) and we have two kids : F and
D.
• The relation as per weight is clear. The
heaviest is A, followed by C, E B and then
we have D and F. we don’t know who is
lighter among D and F.

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A to F are members of a family. There are
1doctor, 1advocate, 1engineer, 1housewife,
2 students in the family. There are 2
couples. F is the father of E and is doctor. A
is girl student and her husband is not an
advocate. B is the grandmother of D and is
housewife. Her husband is an engineer. D
is sister of E. What is the profession of A’s
husband?

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Solution…
• A’s husband is a doctor by profession.

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P starts crossing the field
diagonally after walking half way
he turns right. Walks same
distance turns left. Which direction
is he facing now?
R p
SOUTH
NORTH
S
q

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From the original position, P & Q
move clock wise and cover half
distance. R & S move anticlock
wise and move one side distance.
Both the groups then cross over
diagonally opposite direction. If
original configerationis PSQR, what
is new configuration?
R p
Q S
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Solution…
• RQSP

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From the original position, P & R
move diagonally opposite corners.
Then they move one side anticlock
wise and clock wise respectivley. S
and Q move two sides each clock
wise and anticlock wise. Where is
P now?
r p
SOUTH
NORTH
S
06/29/09 Q AFTERSCHOOOL centre for social entrepreneurship 348
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SOLUTION
• SOUTH WEST CORNER POSITION.

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From the original position, P & R
move diagonally opposite corners.
Then they move one side anticlock
wise and clock wise respectivley. S
and Q move two sides each clock
wise and anticlock wise.Who is at
north west corner now?
p
R
NORTH SOUTH
s
Q
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SOLUTION
• R

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Is X > 3?
1. x^2 – 8x +12 < =0
2. x^2 – 2x – 8 < = 0
• No answer is possible as we cannot draw

the answer from either statement.
• Formula :[ - b + - sqrt (b^2 - 4ac) ]/ 2a
• = 8 + 4 / 2 and ( 8 – 4) / 2
• We get x = 6 and 2
• (2 + sqrt(4 +32) /2 = 4 and - 2
• we get x = -2 and 4 from second
equation.
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Is sqrt x > 1/x ?
• 1. x > 0
• 2x<0
• Try from .04 and 4 we cant get the answer.
• Answer cannot be drawn from either
statement.

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The sum of an infinite GP : p,
1,1/p, 1/p^2 …. Is a / 2, what is the
value of p?
• Sum of infinite GP = a / (1 – r)
• P / ( 1 – 1/p) = a / 2
• 2p = (ap – a) /p
• 2p^2 = ap – a
• P^2 = ap – a / 2
• P = sqrt ((ap – a ) / 2 )

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If : (3+5+7……nth term) /
(5+8+11….10th term) = 7 , what is
n?
• Sum of AP
• = n/2 (2a + (n-1)d)
• A = first term
• D = difference
• = sum of the denominator series is 185
• Numerator series / 185 = 7, so numerator
series total = 1295
• =n/2 (6 + (n-1) 2) = `1295
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Continued…
• n/2 (6 + (n-1) 2) = `1295
• =n (6 + 2n – 2) = 2590
• =6n + 2n^2 – 2n = 2590
• 2n^2 +4n – 2590 = 0
• [ - b + - sqrt (b^2 - 4ac) ]/ 2a
• = (( -4 + sqrt(16 + 20720)) / 4
• =( - 4 + 144) / 4
• =35 answer
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A vending machine has 5 switches
for coke,7up,maza,limca,pepsi.
Each switch gives 2 different
drinks. Each drink can be obtained
from 2 switches. If two switches are
pressed, if there is common drink,
nothing will come out, otherwise
you will get the drink desired. Press
the right combination for getting the
drink. .
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1+3 = 7up and maza, 1+2 =
coke, pepsi, 1+4 = limca,coke,
maza, pepsi switch 1,2,3,4,5
don’t give 7up, limca,coke,
maza, pepsi respectivley.
• What is 2+3?
• Maza + Limca+ 7up c,m,p,7up
• Coke maza pepsi, limca, 7up
• Answer : pepsei,
06/29/09 limca,
AFTERSCHOOOL 7social
centre for upentrepreneurship 359
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Solution …
• Prepare a matrix of rows and columns with
drinks in one side and switch in one side
to know the right combination.

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Coke will definitely come from
which combination?
• 1,3
• 1,5,
• 2,4
• 2,5
• Soluton: 1,5

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What should you turn on for limca +
coke ?
• 2,3
• 1,2,3,5
• 1,3,4
• 2,3,4
• Answer : 1,2,3,5

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7up pepsi coke maza limca
1 x x y Y x
2 y x x x
3 Y x x x y
4 x y x x Y
5 x x y y x
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How many integers N are there
such : r < n < s?
1. s-r = 5 2. r & s are not integers
• Both the statements are required.

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What is the time difference
between NY and London?
1. departure time at NY is 9 am
and arrival time at London is 10
am (both local times)
2. flight time is 5 hours.
• Both the statements are required.

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X says to Y : “ I am 3 times as old
as you were 2 years ago.” how old
is x?
1. Y’s age 17 years from now is
same as X’s present age
2. X’s age nine years from now is 3
times Y’s present age
• Answer can be drawn only from the 1st

statement.
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In a row of poles, one pole is 11th
from either side. How many poles
are there is in the row :
• 10 poles before and 10 after

• Total we have 10 + 10 + 1 = 21 answer.

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A,B,C are standing in a queue.
There are 5 persons between A and
B and 8 persons between B and C.
if there are 3 persons ahead of C
and 21 persons after A, what could
be the minimum number of persons
in the queue?
• Answer is : 28 answer
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BM was counting up odd numbers
from 1 onwards. Vivek was
counting downards 32. Will they
count the same number together?
Their speed is same.
• No.

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Maximum 36 vehicles are marked
in a parking lot in a single row.
After the first car, there is one
more bike. After the 2nd car there
are 2 bikes and after 3rd car, there
are 3 bikes and so on. How many
bikes are there in the second row?

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A performance review table is
incomplete with some more
details…

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Additional information
• Half the workers were either excellent or
good.
• 40% of the workers were females.
• One third of the male workers were
average.
• How many students are both female and
excellent

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Solution…
excelle
avg good nt total
male 16 22 10 48
female 24 8 0 32
total 40 30 10 80
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answer
• Zero

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In which month was the greatest absolute change
in market value for any share recorded?
(black bar = XYZ, white bar = ABC )

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SOLUTION…
• MARCH (by observation, we find the
share prices of XYZ have increased by
some 17 points)

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The average market value of XYZ.
shares is, by what percent less or
more than the same for ABC? (black
bar = XYZ, white bar = ABC )

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SOLUTION
• ABC is approx. 75
• XYZ is approx. 103
• The difference is : 28
• 28/75 *100
• =36% approx. answer.

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(black bar = XYZ, white bar = ABC ), market capitalisation
means no. of shares * market price. Both companies have
1000 shares. What is the maximum market capitalisation of
any company over the period?

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Solution…
• The highest price visible is of ABC of 68 in
the month of April.
• 68 *1000 gives us 68000. thus highest
market capitalisation possible is 68000 for
ABC.

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Which Lok Sabha had minimum
seats?

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Solution…
• We have to calculate 498.8662132
the number for each 500
loksabha. We find 502.9585799
that it is least in the
523.6486486
first lok sabha itself. It
is 499 for the first 521.3270142
year. 544.4126074
543.6893204
550
517.2413793
06/29/09
544.6927374
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385
Pointing out to a lady, a girl said,
‘She is the daughter-in-law of
the grandmother of my father’s
only son.” How is the lady
related to the girl?
• MOTHER (start from last and try to solve
backward and you are able to solve it.)
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Introducing a man to her husband, a
woman said, “His brother’s father is
the only son of my grandfather.”
How is the woman
related to this man?
• Sister (answer)

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What will be next in the series:
4, 5, 9,18,34 …
• Options:
• 43, 59, 50, 49
• Solution…
• 4 + 1, = 5, 5 + 4 = 9, 9 + 9 = 18…. So on,
we can see that only square values in
series are added – thus the next value to
be added will be 25, so 34 + 25 = 59 .

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What will be the next in the series :
66,36,18 …
• Options: 3,6,8,9
• Solution:
• 6 * 6 = 36,
• 3 * 6 = 18
• 1*8=8
• So next number will be 8 .

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21,25,33,49,81,..
• Options: 145,111,113,127
• Solutions
• Look at the differences : 4,8,16,32 so on.

It is a series :
• Thus next number will be : 81 + 64 = 145
ans

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12,32,72,152 …
Options : 313, 312, 315, 512
Solution:
Look at the difference :
20,40,80,160…
Thus next number shouold be :
152 + 160 = 312 answer.

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DATA SUFFICIENCY QUESTION: Vishal takes
morning train to his office from Bikaner to
Delhi. His colleague Tarun joins him on the
way. There are three stations A,B,C on the way
(not necessarily in this order), What is the
sequence of these stations?
• STATEMENTS: `1. Tarun joins at B

• 2. Mr. Jitesh who travels between A & C is
with Vishal and
06/29/09 nevercentre
AFTERSCHOOOL travels with Tarun. 392
for social entrepreneurship
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Solution…
• Both the statements are inadequate to
answer : as we don’t know out of A and C
which comes earlier. There is not
confirmed information in the question.

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Data sufficiency question…
What is the value of prime number
X?
• X ^2 + x is a two digit number greater

than 50
• X^3 is a three digit number
• Solution…
• Both the statements are required to give
the answer. – as 7 is the only prime
number which fulfills both the conditions.
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DATA SUFFICIENCY QUESTION: Vishal
takes morning train to his office from
Bikaner to Nokha and was delayed by 40
minutes due to engine trouble. What is the
distance beteween bikaner and Nokha
statements :
1. Engine trouble developed after 40 km
from Bikaner and speed reduced by 1/4th of
the original speed
2. engine trouble developed after 2 hours of
journey and speed reduced by 1/4th.

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DATA SUFFIENCIENCY :
The ratio of two number x and y is
2:3 what are the values of x and Y?
• 1. 3x – 2y = 0
• 2. 2x + 7 y = 1
• Solution….
• 2nd statement alone is sufficient to answer

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Read this table carefully and answer: What
per cent of Karnataka’s railway network has
broad gauge tracks?

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solution
• Total rail network in Karnakatak : 552
• Thus 365/552 *100 gives 66.12% answer.

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Read it and answer If the share of system software in the
total remains same 1990 as in 1988; and in 1990, the total
exports is Rs. 9,000 the system software export in 1990 is

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Solution…
• 2800 / 6300 * 9000 = 4000 answer

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Read it and answer If the share of system software in
the total remains same 1990 as in 1988; and in 1990,
the total exports is Rs. 9,000 the financial software
export in 1990 is

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Solution
• Answer cannot be determined.

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By how many times has AIR’s (both Vividh
bharati and Primary channel) commercial
earnings increased over the given period?

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Solution…
• AIR revenue increased from 6.26 to 81
over the period of time.
• Thus it has increased by : 12.9 times.
• 81 has been arrived by adding 37.3 and
43.7 (both the channels).

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If 50 units each of A and B are
produced, which machine has been
poorly utilised?

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solution
• Except in machine 2nd, all the macines are
having 100% capacity utilisation.
• You can see this for machine 1 as : 50 * 3
+ 50 * 4 = 350
• Answer = 2nd machine

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I go 2 km towards east, I turn
right and go 1 KM then I
again turn right and I go 1
KM. In which direction am I
now from my starting point?
• Answer: south east

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A three CM cube has been painted
red on all its sides. It is cut into
one CM cubes. How many cubes
will be there with one side painted
red?
• 26 cubes will have one or more sides painted,

out of these, some will be having 2 sides painted
and some 3 sides painted. The number of cubes
having only one side painted will be : 6 answer.
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X+y+z > 0, is Z > 1?
Data sufficiency:
1) : Z > x +y, 2) : X+Y < 1
• Both the statements are not sufficient

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X+y+z > 0, is Z > 0?
Data sufficiency:
1) : Z > x +y, 2) : X+Y < 1
• 1st statement alone is sufficient to answer
the question.

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Question on assumptions
• : “If you are beautiful, we will catch your
• beauty. If you are not, we will make
• you beautiful.” —An advertisement of a
• photo Studio.
• I. How to look beautiful, is a problem
• of youngsters?
• II. Nobody desires to be beautiful

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Answer ….
• Only the first assumption is valid
assumption.

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Question on assumption…
• The integrated steel plants in India would
• no longer have to depend on imports for
• continuous casting refractories.
• I; Continuous casting refractories are.
needed by India.
• II. Continuous casting refractors are in
demand.

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Solution…
• Both the statements are valid
assumption…

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What is the missing number?

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Solution…
• Based on logic :
• 4+ 1 – X = 4
• SO X = 1.

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FIND THE MISSING VALUE (here
instead of 41 read 42)

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SOLUTION…
• The answer is 7,
• 7 * 4 = 28 and 7+4 = 11. answer

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• On rolling 6 dice, it is found that:
• I. Three of the dice show the same
number. The rest show different numbers.
• II. Only one dice shows 6.
• III. Not more than 3 dice show 4 or more.
What is the minimum possible total of
numbers on the faces if the three dice
show the same number 2?
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Answer…
• The answer should be 21 with the
following breakup :
• Three dice of 2 each

• One dice each of 4,5,6.
• Total them up = 21. answer.

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Question on puzzle
• What is the maximum total if 4 of the dice
show less than 4?

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Solution…
• Answer is 22 with the following
combination:
• Three 3 = 3* 3 = 9
• One each of 2,5,6 = 13
• Total 22. answer.

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Puzzle…

• If only 1 dice shows 1, what is the
maximum number of dice with numbers
greater than 4?
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Solution…
• Answer is 2.

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Puzzle …
• If only 1 dice shows 1, what is the
maximum number of dice with numbers
greater than 4?

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Solution….
• We can take as under :
• 6,5,5,5,4,1,
• Thus answer is 4.

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After his.oftlce, in the evening, a
man walks facing the sun. He turns
first to his right, then to his left and
again to his left and then to his
right. In which direction is he
moving now?

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Solution…
• He is moving towards west. You can
cancel two left movements and two right
movements by each other.

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Starting from a point, Jitendra
walked 12 m towards North, he
turned right and waked 10 m, he
again turned right and walked 12m,
then he turned left and walked 5 m.
How far is he now and which
direction from the starting point?

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Solution…
• 15 m. east

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What is the all India annual growth rate
in demand of X as the following table?

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Solution…
• A compound growth rate of 14.14 will
make 146.54 to 283.9 in 5 years.
• 146.54* (1.1414)^5 = 283.9

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Out of these, which region had
highest growth rate?

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Solution
• The highest growth in the East section (in
%)
• In absolute terms, the highest growth rate
is in South region

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WHAT IS THE NET DEMAND AT
B?

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SOLUTION
• THE NET DEMAND AT B IS
• 1200 – (250 + 550) = 400. ANSWER.

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FOUR FRIENDS ARE SITTING IN
A ROW TO BE PHOTOGRAPHED.
• D IS TO THE RIGHT OF B. C IS NEXT TO
B. A IS AT ONE EXTREME. B IS NOT IN
MIDDLE. THERE IS ONLY ONE PERSON
TO THE LEFT OF C.
• WHAT IS THE EXACT ORDER OF

SITTING ARRANGEMENT?

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SOLUTION
• PUT C IN 2ND POSITION FROM LEFT
AND A AND B IN EXTREME POSITIONS
• ADCB
• Answer.

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Four friends are being
photographed?
• D IS TO THE RIGHT OF B. C IS NEXT TO
B. A IS AT ONE EXTREME. B IS NOT IN
MIDDLE. IN THE PHOTO THAT WE
TAKE, THERE IS ONLY ONE PERSON
TO THE LEFT OF C.
• WHAT IS THE EXACT ORDER OF

SITTING ARRANGEMENT?
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SOLUTION
• NOW WE HAVE TO PUT C AT 2ND
POSITION FROM LEFT FROM
OBSERVER’S PERSPECTIVE.
• A AND B ARE AT THE TWO ENDS.
• SITTING ARRANGEMENT IS :
• ACDB.
• ANSWER.

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There were 6 cars in an exhibition.
Alto was to the immediate right of
Swift. Spark was between
ambassador and Indica. I10 was at
one of the extreme ends. If you
take the third car from your right
(when you observe these cars),
then you find a car whose name
starts from I. What is the 3rd car
from your left?
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Solution…
• It will be either spark or swift
• (draw the maps and solve it).

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6 friends are getting photographed.
They are sitting in a row. A and C
are sitting together. D is to the
immediate right of B. C is in the 2nd
position from left (when you
observe them), E and F are in the
middle. There are three persons to
the left of E. A is to the right of
maximum number of persons. What
is the correct sitting order?
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SOLUTION….
• The correct solution is :
• ACEFDB

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ARGUMENT….
• Should there be world government?
• A 1. yes, it will help in eliminating tensions
• A 2: no – then only developed countries
will dominate.
• ANSWER :
• Both the arguments are logical

arguments…
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QUESTION ON BLOOD
RELATION…
Ram says: “he is the husband of X, who is
the daughter of Y, who is daughter of Z,
who is my father.”. What is the relation
between Ram and Y.
ANSWER :
Ram and Y are brother and Sister.

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QUESTION ON CODING :
• A COMPUTER USES FOLLOWING
SYSTEM WHILE SOLVING:
• Input : 23, 09, 320, 90, 12,
• 1st step: 320, 23, 09, 90, 12
• 2nd step : 320,90,23,09,12
• 3rd step & Output: 320,90,23,12,09
• In how many step will following input be
solved : 90,121,94,23,233,898,22,400?
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Solution…
• Input : 90,121,94,23,233,898,22,400?
• 1st step: 898, 90,121,94,23,233,22,400
• 2nd step: 898,400, 90,121,94,23,233,22,
• 3rd step: 898,400,233, 90,121,94,23,22,
• 4th step: 898,400,233,121,90,94,23,22.
• 5th step: 898,400,233,121,94,90,23,22
• Thus the question is solved in 5 steps.
Answer.
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SYLLOGISM
• 1. : all rooms are stones
• 2. all stones are diamonds
Conclusion:
4. All rooms are diamonds
5. All diamonds are rooms
6. All stones are rooms
7. No conclusion can be drawn

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Answer

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Syllogism
• 1. all chairs are tables
• 2. all tables are books
• Conclusion
• 1. some chairs are tables
• 2. some chairs are not tables
• 3. some tables are not chairs
• 4. no conclusion can be drawn

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Answer

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Read the information carefully:
A,D, F,M are girls
A,D,E,F,G,H, are intelligent
B,C,D,E,F,G, are hardworking
C,D,E,G,H,M are honest
A,B,C,D,E,F,M,H are ambitious
Boys play Cricket, Girls play
Chess
name the persons, who are
ambitious chess players.
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solution
• A,D,F,M are the ambitious chess players

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A,D, F,M are girls
Boys play Cricket, Girls play Chess
name the persons, who are the chess
players, who are neither honest, nor
hardworking, ambitious , intelligent?

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Answer
• None

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A,D, F,M are girls
Boys play Cricket, Girls play Chess
name the persons, make a cricket team
of hardworking, intelligent and honest
players
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Solution…
• E and G.

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2â = 3^b = 6^-c , what
is value of 1/a +1/b +1/c?
• Let us assume a value which we can
equate with all these values. (use
log table for solving this question).
• Let us take all these values equal to
1. thus value of A, B and C are equal
to Zero. Thus the answer is Zero.
• We can also assume these values to
be equal to 6.
• A = 2.6, B =1.65 and C = -1
• Now putting these values: ½.6 +
1/1.65 – 1 AFTERSCHOOOL
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459
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Log T + Log (T-3) = 1,
what is T?
• We know that Log 10 = 1. (Log 10 10 )
• In log, we multiply, where the
symbol is +.
• Thus t * (t-3) = 10 ; T^2 -3T =10;
• T^2 -3t -10 = 0
• T^2 – 5T + 2T -10 = 0
• T (T-5) +2 (T-5); T-5 = 0 or T =5; T+2
=0
• T = 5 or -2
• Thus T = 5 answer.
06/29/09 AFTERSCHOOOL
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460
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Sum of 2 numbers is 52
and their difference is 2.
what are the numbers?
• X + Y = 52
• X –Y = 2
• Add these: 2X = 54; X = 27
• Y = 25 answer.
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461
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Diagonal of rectangle is 5
CM. One of its side is 4
CM. Its area is ?
• Let us find the other side.
• As per pythogorus rules, other
side is sqare root of (5^2-4^2) =
square root of (25-16) = square
root of 9
• Other side is 3.
• Area = 4*3 =12 answer.
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462
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Fourth part of a number
exceeds the sixth part by
4. what is the number?
• X / 4 – X /6 = 4
• (6X-4X) / 24 = 4
• 2X = 96
• X = 48 answer.
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463
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Two numbers are such that
twice the smaller number is
less than twice the greater
one by 18 and 1/3 of smaler
and 1/5 of greater number
are together 21. What are
numbers?
• Bigger num be r = X , smaller no. = Y
• 2X-2Y = 18; 1/ 5 X + 1/ 3Y = 21
• Let us multi ply second eqation by 10, we get:
2X + 10/ 3 Y = 210. S ubtr act t hi s equat ion from
1 st . We get -16/ 3 Y = -192
• Y = 19 2 *3/ 16 = 36. t hus smaller nu mber is 36.
Put ting this in fir st equation, we get 2X = 90 or
X = 45 an swer.AFTERSCHOOOL
06/29/09
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A number between 10 & 100
is five times the sum of its
digits. If 9 is added to it,
digits are reversed. What is
the number?
• Let us assume unit digit to be X & digit
at tenth place to be Y.
• The number is : 10Y +X
• 10Y +X= 5 (X +Y)
• (10Y +X ) +9 = 10X +Y or 9y-9X = -9 or
Y-X =-1
• 10Y – 5Y=5X-X or 5Y = 4X or Y = 4 and
X = 5 thus number
06/29/09
is centre
AFTERSCHOOOL
45. for social entrepreneurship
www.afterschoool.tk 465
• Solve such question by options.

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Find the fraction which is
equal to ½ when both its
numerator and denominator
are increasd by 2 and is
equal to ¾ when both are
increased by 12?
• Options: 3/8, 5/8, 3/8, 2/3
• Try from options. First option
gives you answer. If you add 2 in
each, you get 5/10 (which is ½)
and if you add 12 in both the
digits, you get 15/20 (which is ¾).
Thus optionwww.afterschoool.tk
1 gives answer.
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466
If X: Y = 3:4, value of
x^2y +xy^2 :x^3+y^3?
• Putting X = 3 and Y = 4.
• 36+48: 27+64
• 84:91 (divide both the numbers
by 7).
• = 12:13 answer.
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467
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468
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If 2s:3t is duplicate ratio of
2s-p:3t-p then which is
true:
p^2= 6st or p =6st or 2p
=3st
• Try from options.
• Let us assume that P = 6. and as
per first option, St = 6. Let us try
putting values in s and t and if we
get correct answer, we get
answer. S = 2, T = 3 or 4:9
• We get next ratios as : -2: 3
(which is subduplicate ratio of
2s:3t) thusAFTERSCHOOOL
06/29/09 this is the
www.afterschoool.tk answer.
469
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ABO UT
AF TERSCH OO OL
Afterschoool conducts three year integrated
PGPSE (after class 12 th along with IAS / CA
/ CS ) and 18 month PGPSE (Post Graduate
Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along
with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CM A /
FRM . This course is also available online
also. It also conducts workshops on social
entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all
over India – start social entrepreneurship
club in your institution today with the help
from afterschoool and help us in developing
society.
www.afterschoool.tk
470
www.afterschoool.tk
Why such a programme?
• To promote people to take up

entrepreneurship and help develop
the society
• To enable people to take up
franchising and other such options
to start a business / social
development project
• To enable people to take up social
development as their mission
• To enable people
06/29/09 AFTERSCHOOOLtocentre
promote
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471
www.afterschoool.tk
Who are our supporters?
• Afterschoolians, our past

beneficiaries, entrepreneurs
and social entrepreneurs are
supporting us.
• You can also support us – not
necessarily by money – but by
being promotor of our concept
and our ideas.
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472
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About AFTERSCHOOOL PGPSE –
the best programme for
developing great entrepreneurs
• Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous
programme
• Available in distance learning mode
• Case study focused- latest cases
• Industry oriented practical
curriculum
• Designed to make you entrepreneurs
– not just an employee
• Option to take up part time job – so
earn while you learn
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473
www.afterschoool.tk
Workshops from
AFTERSCHOOOL
• IIF, Delhi
• CIPS, Jaipur
• ICSI Hyderabad Branch
• Gyan Vihar, Jaipur
• Apex Institute of Management,
Jaipur
• Aravali Institute of Management,
Jodhpur
• Xavier Institute of Management,
Bhubaneshwar
• Pacific Institute,
06/29/09
Udaipur
AFTERSCHOOOL
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474
• Engineering College, Hyderabad
www.afterschoool.tk
Flexible Specialisations:
• Spiritualising business and society
• Rural development and transformation
• HRD and Education, Social Development
• NGO and voluntary work
• Investment analysis,microfinance and
inclusion
• Retail sector, BPO, KPO
• Accounting & Information system (wi th
CA / CS /CMA )
• Hospital management and Health care
• Hospitality sector and culture and heritage
• Other sectors of high growth, high
technology and
06/29/09 social relevance
AFTERSCHOOOL
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475
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Salient features:
• The only programme of its kind (in the whole world)
• No publicity and low profile course
• For those who want to achieve succ ess in life –
not just a degree
• Indepth knowledge and expert ise
• Professional approac: World class approach
• Strong intellectual and business capabilities
• Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue
the rest of the education by distance mode. / you
may attend weekend classes
• Scholarships for those from poor economic
background
• Lat es t and constantly changing curriculum –
keeping pace with the time
• Placement for those who are interested
• Admissions open
06/29/09 throughout
AFTERSCHOOOL thefor
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centre year
social entrepreneurship
476
www.afterschoool.tk
• Latest and most advanced technologies, books and
Components
• Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM
Ahmedabad and ISB Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus
from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad)
• Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development
• Essential softwares for business
• Business plan, Research projects
• Participation in conferences / seminars
• Workshops on leadership, team building etc.
• Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers
• Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of
entrepreneurs
• Editing of journals / newsletters
• Consultancy / research projects
• Assignments, communication skill workshops
• Participation in conferences and seminars
• Group discussions, mock interviews, self development
diaryng
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477
• Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)
www.afterschoool.tk
Pedagogy
• Case analysis,
• Articles from Harvard Business Review
• Quiz, seminars, workshops, games,
• Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits
• Presentations, Latest audio-visuals
• Group discussions and group projects
• Periodic self assessment
• Mentoring and counselling
• Study exchange programme (with
institutions out of India)
• Rural development / Social welfare
projects
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478
Branches
• AFTERSCHOOOL will shortly

open its branches in important
cities in India including Delhi,
Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and
other important cities.
Afterschooolians will be
responsible for managing and
developing these branches –
and for promoting social
entrepreneurs.
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479
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Case Studies
• We want to write case studies

on social entrepreneurs, first
generation entrepreneurs,
ethical entrepreneurs. Please
help us in this process. Help us
to be in touch with
entrepreneurs, so that we may
develop entrepreneurs.
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480
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Basic values at
afterschoool
• Share to learn more
• Interact to develop yourself
• Fear is your worst enemy
• Make mistakes to learn
• Study & discuss in a group
• Criticism is the healthy route to
mutual support and help
• Ask fundamental questions : why,
when, how & where?
• Embrace change – and compete with
yourself only
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social entrepreneurship for
better society
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Reasoning &amp; Data Sufficiency

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LOGICAL REASONING FOR

CAT,MAT,GMAT, & OTHER

06/29/09 AFTERSCHOOOL centre for social entrepreneurship 1

Dr. T.K. Jain.

• North east (answer)

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• There is gap of one in Q,S,U,W, so next

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121 169 289

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• (26 – 2) = 24. add 19 + 17 = 36

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• Answer = 12 + 1 = 13 sheep answer

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Reasoning & Data Sufficiency

Reasoning & Data Sufficiency