Civil Engineering Department

Structural Analysisspring 2013

(single degree of freedom Periodic Loading)

Fawad Muzaffar
M.Sc. Structures (Stanford University) Ph.D. Structures (Stanford University)

Mathematical Description of General Periodic Loading

Periodic Loading: Loading that repeats itself after a certain time period. The shape of loading is arbitrary. NOTE: Harmonic Loading is also Periodic Loading. Mathematical Description of Periodic Loading: A Periodic Load can be expressed by using Fourier series consisting of harmonic loading components at discrete values of frequency i.e.

Fawad Muzaffar

Mathematical Description of General Periodic Loading

The coefficients of the Fourier series terms are given by

Since () is of arbitrary form, coefficients have to be determined using numerical integration i. Divide into N spaces. ii. Calculate integrand, at discrete times, i.e. 0 , 1 ,..... iii. Use Trapezoidal rule to evaluate

Fawad Muzaffar

Mathematical Description of General Periodic Loading

Practically, 0 and can be set equal to zero, resulting in

The coefficients can then be evaluated as

Response To Periodic Loading Response of a linear system can be obtained by simply adding up the responses due to individual harmonic loadings. Undamped SDOF With Zero Damping Response due to nth sine wave component:
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Response To Periodic Loading

Response due to nth cosine wave component: Steady state response due to 0 is given by: The total displacement response of a SDOF system with no damping:

Displacement Response of a SDOF Viscously Damped System The following can be obtained by derivation that is analogous to the previous derivation:

Mathematical Description of General Periodic Loading

Alternate Description of Fourier Series: The exponential form of Fourier Series can be obtained by substituting the inverse Euler relations i.e.

Plugging the above values of trigonometric terms in trigonometric form of Fourier Series results in where

Knowing that
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Example Problem
The numerical integration expression becomes

Example Problem

Example Problem