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From Republic to Empire

Did the benefits of Roman expansion outweigh the costs?
P R E V I E W

Suppose that your family were much largerperhaps two or three times larger than it is now. What would be some of the benefits of living in a larger family? What might be some of the drawbacks, or costs?

R E A D I N G

N O T E S

Key Content Terms

As you complete the Reading Notes, use these terms in your answers. civil war dictator
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Punic Wars Julius Caesar

Caesar Augustus Pax Romana

From Republic to Empire 1

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Section 2

In the flowchart below, summarize the expansion of Rome during each time period.
First Period

Second Period

Third Period

Fourth Period

Sections 3 to 6

As you read each section of text, complete these steps: 1. Shade in the appropriate area of the map on the next page in a new color to show each Roman expansion. Color in the key to match. 2. Find the corresponding section in the Reading Notes that follow the map. Outline the matching Roman column with the color you used on the map. 3. In the Roman column, fill in the missing dates and answer the questions.
From Republic to Empire 2

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0 400 miles 0 200 400 kilometers Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area Projection

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200

BRITAIN
EUROPE
Rh

BRITAIN

Ca

e River in

sp

ia

n
Se
a

Roman Territory, 509 B.C.E. to 14 C.E.

CARPA THI AN
M T

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GAUL
S.

G AU L Rubicon River
AL

PS

Dan u be R iv e r Da nu b e R iv e r

Bla

a ck Se

ARMENIA

MACEDONIA ASIA N MM I NI O RO R
ASIA

Tigris Riv

SPAIN S PA I N
Sicily

Tiber River Rome

MACEDONIA

e ASSYRIA

Euphrate s Riv er

r
ASSYRIA ASSYRIA SY S YRIA SYRIA CYPRUS

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ATLANTIC OCEAN
GREECE Carthage

Medite

rranean Sea

JUDEA

ASIA
EGYPT EG YPT

Conquest of the Italian peninsula, 500264 B.C.E.

Overseas expansion during the Punic Wars, 265146 B.C.E.

River Nile

Expansion during the nal years of the Republic, 14544 B.C.E.

AFRICA

Re

Se
S AS A HH A AR A R D AE S E R T

Creation of the Roman Empire, 43 B.C.E.117 C.E.

From Republic to Empire 3

City

AW_ISN_34_RN-1 Blank Map of Roman Expansion Third Proof TCI18 151

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Section 3

Section 4

________to________B.C.E 1. How were the Romans able to take control of the Italian peninsula?

________to________B.C.E 1. Why did Romans fight the Punic Wars? What did they gain?

2. Who might have had a negative view of Roman expansion during this period, and why?

2. Who might have had a negative view of Roman expansion during this period, and why?

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From Republic to Empire 4

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Section 5

Section 6

________to________B.C.E 1. When Julius Caesar became dictator of Rome, what reforms did he make?

________to________B.C.E 1. Describe the Pax Romana and other positive aspects of Augustuss reign.

2. Who might have had a negative view of Roman expansion during this period, and why?

2. Who might have had a negative view of Roman expansion during this period, and why?

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From Republic to Empire 5

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P R O C E S S I N G

In the T-chart below, list at least three benefits and at least three costs of Roman expansion from 509 B.C.E. to 14 C.E.
Benefits of Roman Expansion Costs of Roman Expansion

In a well-written paragraph, explain whether you think the benefits of Roman expansion outweighed the costs. Support your opinion by giving specific evidence from your T-chart and from the chapter.

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From Republic to Empire 6