Ansys Lab Manual

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
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BTech IV year -1st sem as per JNTU ANANTAPUR
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
Prepared by M SIVARAMAKRISHANIAH M.Tech(PhD)
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INDEX
EXP.NO 1. 2. 3. DATE TOPIC AUTO CAD 2D SKETCH 1 2D SKETCH 2 2D SKETCH 3 PAGE.NO 03 04-05 06-07 08
PART MODELING(SOLID WORKS) INTRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. CAMERA BODY AUTOMOBILE WHEEL ROPE ANSYS-14 INTRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. 4. STEPPED BAR(TAPER BAR) TRUSS NATURAL FRQUENCY WALLS
09 10-12 13-17 18-23 24-27 28 29-30 31-36 37-42 43-49 50-57
CAM INTRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. 4. FACING CYCLE TURNING CYCLE LINEAR & CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (MILLING) CFD NOZZLE
58 59-63 64-65 66-67 68-69 71-84
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Auto CAD
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1. SKETCH-1 Aim: To develop a 2D model of given figure as per the given dimentions. Apparatus: Windows operating system, CAD 2010 Software ,600 x 450 pixels Graphics system, plotters. Program: 1. Command: Rectangle Specify first corner point or (chamfer/elevation/fillet/thickness/width) Specify other corner point or (Dimensions) 2. Command: Explode: Selected objects 3. Command: Chamfer: Select first line or (polyline/distance) (Angle/trim/method) Specify first chamfer distance Specify second chamfer distance : 125 mm : 200 mm :d :1 :@550,400
Select first line or (polyline/distance/Angle/trim/method): Select second line. 4. Command: Circle Specify center point for circle: (3p/2p/ttr (tan tan radius) Specify radius of circle or (Diameter) : 50 mm
Specify center point for circle or (3p/2p/ttr (tan tan radius) : Page 4

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Specify radius of circle or (Diameter) 5. Command: Circle
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:100 mm
Specify center point for circle or(3p/2p/ttr(tan tan radius) Specify radius of circle or Diameter 6.Command: Dimension Marking all the dimensions as per the given dimensions. : 50mm
Result: The 2D model is obtained as per the given Dimensions.
425.0000 100.0000
200.0000
300.0000 550.0000
2. SKETCH-2 3. Page 5

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Aim: To develop a 2D model of given figure as per the given dimensions. Apparatus: windows operating system.CAD 2010 SOFTWARE, 200 X 190 Graphics system, plotter Program: 1. Command: Rectangle Specify first corner point or (chamfer/elevation/fi;;et/thickness/width): Specify other corner point or: @150, 92.5. 2. Command: Explode Select objects :1 3. Command: Chamfer Select objects: 1 4. Command: chamfer Select first line or (polyline/distance/angle/trim/method) :d Specify first chamfer distance: 25mm Specify second chamfer distance : 25 Select first line or (polyline /distance/angle/trim/method): Select second line: 5. Command: chamfer Select first line or (Poly line/distance/angle/trim/method) :d Specify first chamfer distance: 25 Specify second chamfer distance :25 Select first line or (polyline/distance/angle/trim/method): Select second line: 6. Command: line Specify first point Specify next point or (undo):@7.5<270 Specify next point or (undo) @50<180 Specify next point or (undo)@10<90 Specify next point or (undo)@70<180 Specify next point or (undo) 35<270 7. Command: Chamfer Select first line or (polyline/distance/angle/trim/method) :d Specify first chamfer distance: 12.5 Specify second chamfer distance: 12.5 Select first line or (Polyline/distance/angle/trim/method): Select second line: 8. Command: Mirror Page 6

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Select objects Specify first point of mirror line: Specify second point of mirror line: Delete source objects?(yes/no) :n 9. Command: Dimension Marking all the dimensions of the figure by using dimension commands. Results: The 2D model is obtained as per the given dimensions.
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3. SKETCH-3
Aim: To develop a 2Dmodel of given figure as per the given dimensions Apparatus: Windows operating system, CAD2002 software, 350*250graphics system Plotter Program: 1) Command: rectangle Specify first corner point or [chamfer/elevation/fillet/thickness/width]: Specify other point or[Dimensions] :@300,200 2) Command: chamfer Select first line or [Poly line / distance / angle /trim/ method]: d Specify first chamfer distance: 75 Specify second chamfer distance: 50 Select first line or [Poly line / distance / angle/ trim/method]: Select second line: 4) Command: chamfer Select first line or [Poly line / distance / angle / trim / method]: Specify first chamfer distance: 125 Specify first line or [Poly line / distance / angle / trim / method]: Select second line 5) Command: line Specify first point : Specify next point or [undo]: @25< 900 Specify next point or [undo]: @75<00 Specify next point or [undo]: @50<900 Specify next point or [undo]: @50<900 6) Command: dimension Making all the dimensions as per the figure by using aligned command Result The 2D model is obtained as per the given dimensions
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Part Modeling Solid Works

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Basics of Solids Modeling with Solid Works Introduction Solid Works is the state of the art in computer-aided design (CAD). Solid Works represents an object in a virtual environment just as it exists in reality, i.e., having volume as well as surfaces and edges. This, along with exceptional ease of use, makes Solid Works a powerful design tool. Complex three-dimensional parts with contoured surfaces and detailed features can be modeled quickly and easily with Solid-Works. Then, many parts can be assembled in a virtual environment to create a computer model of the finished product. In addition, traditional engineering drawings can be easily extracted from the solids models of both the parts and the final assembly. This approach opens the door to innovative design concepts, speeds product development, and minimizes design errors. The result is the ability to bring high-quality products to market very quickly. CONSTRAINT-BASED SOLIDS MODELING The constraint-based solids modeling used in Solid Works makes the modeling process intuitive. The 3-D modeling begins with the creation of a 2-D sketch of the profile for the cross section of the part. The sketch of the cross section begins much like the freehand sketch of the face of an object. The initial sketch need not be particularly accurate; it needs only to reflect the basic geometry of the parts cross-sectional shape. Details of the cross section are added later. The next step is to constrain the twodimensional sketch by adding enough dimensions and parameters to completely define the shape and size of the two-dimensional profile. The name constraint-based modeling arises because the shape of the initial two-dimensional sketch is constrained by adding dimensions to the sketch. Finally, a three-dimensional object is created by revolving or extruding the twodimensional sketched profile. Figure 1 shows the result of revolving a simple L-shaped cross section by 270o about an axis and extruding the same L-shaped cross section along an axis. In either case, these solid bodies form the basic geometric solid shapes of the part. Other features can be added subsequently to modify the basic solid shape. Once the solids model is generated using Solid Works, all of the surfaces have been automatically defined, so it is possible to shade it in order to create a photorealistic appearance. It is also easy to generate two-dimensional orthographic views of the object. Solid modeling is like the sculpting of a virtual solid volume of material. Because the volume of the object is properly represented in a solids model, it is possible to slice through the object and show a view of the object that displays the interior detail (sectional views). Once several solid objects have been created, they can be assembled in a virtual environment to confirm their fit and to visualize the assembled product. Solids models are useful for Page 10

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purposes other than visualization. The solids model contains a complete mathematical representation of the object, inside and out. This mathematical representation is easily converted into specialized computer code that can be used for stress analysis, heat transfer analysis, fluid-flow analysis, and computer-aided manufacturing. Getting Started in Solid Works, Introduction and Reference Solid Works Corporation developed Solid Works as a three-dimensional, feature-based, solids-modeling system for personal computers. Solid modeling represents objects in a computer as volumes, rather than just as collections of edges and surfaces. Features are three-dimensional geometries with direct analogies to shapes that can be machined or manufactured, such as holes or rounds. Feature-based solid modeling creates and modifies the geometric shapes of an object in a way that represents common manufacturing processes. This makes Solid Works a very powerful and effective tool for engineering design. As compared with other computer programs, Solid Works organizes and stores data in files. Each file has a name followed by a period (dot) and an extension. There are several file types used in Solid Works, but the most common file types and their extensions are Part files .prt or .sldprt Assembly files .asm or .sldasm Drawing files .drw or .slddrw Part files are the files of the individual parts that are modeled. Part files contain all of the pertinent information about the part. Because Solid Works is a solids-modeling program, the virtual part on the screen will look very similar to the actual manufacture part. Assembly files are created from several individual part files that are virtually assembled (in the computer) to create the finished product. Awing files are the two dimensional engineering drawing representations of both the part and assembly file. The drawings should contain all of the necessary information for the manufacture of the part, including dimensions, part tolerances, and so on. The part file is the driving file for all other file types. The modeling procedure begins with part files. Subsequent assemblies and drawings are based on the original part files. One advantage of Solid Works files is the feature of dynamic links. Any change to a part file will automatically be updated in any corresponding assembly or drawing file. Tool bars: The Sketch toolbar contains tools to set up and manipulate a sketch. The Sketch Tools toolbar contains tools to draw lines, circles, rectangles, arcs, and so on. The Sketch Relations toolbar contains tools for constraining elements of a sketch by using dimensions or relations. The Features toolbar contains tools that modify sketches and existing features of a part. Page 11

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The Standard toolbar contains the usual commands available for manipulating files (Open, Save, Print, and so on), editing documents (Cut, Copy, and Paste), and accessing Help. The Standard Views toolbar contains common orientations for a model. The View toolbar contains tools to orient and rescale the view of a part. Line: creates a straight line. Center point Arc: creates a circular arc from a center point, a start point, and an end point. Tangent Arc: creates a circular arc tangent to an existing sketch entity. 3 Pt Arc: creates a circular arc through three points. Circle: creates a circle. Spline: creates a curved line that is not a circular arc. Polygon: creates a regular polygon. Rectangle: creates a rectangle. Point creates: a reference point that is used for constructing other sketch entities. Centerline: creates a reference line that is used for constructing other sketch entities. Convert Entities: creates a sketch entity by projecting an edge, curve, or contour onto the sketch plane. Mirror: reflects entities about a centerline. Fillet: creates a tangent arc between two sketch entities by rounding an inside or an outside corner. Offset: Entities creates a sketch curve that is offset from a selected sketch entity by a specified distance. Trim: removes a portion of a line or curve. Construction Geometry: creates entities that aid in sketching. Linear Sketch Step and Repeat: creates a linear pattern of sketch entities. Circular Sketch Step and Repeat: creates a circular pattern of sketch entities.
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1.Camera Body
AIM: To model the given object using the Extrusion feature as per the dimensions given.
Description of Extrusion Future:

Base Feature: The first feature to be created. The foundation of the part. The base feature geometry for the box is an extrusion. To create an Extruded Base Feature: 1. Select a sketch plane.
Sketch a 2D profile of the square model as shown in the figure Select front plane Right click select insert sketch Sketch a 2D profile of the square model Give the dimension and it should come fully define Ok exit sketch
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2. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane (Select Insert Boss/Bass Extrude) ok
3. Draw a circle of Diameter 50 mm, Select front plane to draw the 2D circle of dia 50 > Give the dimension and it should come fully define > Ok exit sketch It adds material to the part and requires a sketch.
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6. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane Select the sketch and then ( select Insert Boss/Bass Extrudeok
4. Draw the circle for the Diameter of 35 mm and Select front plane to draw the 2D circle of dia 35 > Give the dimension it should come fully define > Ok > exit sketch (Select Insert cut Extruded)Feature: It Removes material from the part and also it requires a sketch.
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5. Fillet Feature: Round the edges of faces of a part to a specified radius. (SelectinsertFeaturefillet)
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Procedure:
1. Select a sketch plane (Front, top or side) 2. Sketch a 2D profile of the model. 3. Dimension the model using smart Dimensions icon. 4. Check the sketch is fully defined 5. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane. 6. Use extrude cut feature to cut the solid as given in the drawing.
Result:
Thus the given model is extruded.
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Experiment No.
Date : 2. Automobile Wheel
AIM: To model the given object using the Revolve and circular pattern feature as per the dimensions given. 1. Create a 2D sketch on Front Plane as shown in the figure. (Right click the Front plane>insert sketch and draw the 2D sketch)
Note: All the 2D sketches drawn should be fully Defined and there should not be any under defined)and use ( click Add Relation and Smart Dimensions)
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1. Revolve, the sketch to 360 degree on top sketched line, by (Insert> Boss/Base>Revolve) ok.
2. Create circle of 2D sketch of Diameter of 121.92 mm, on right plane and extrude to 50.8mm (Select the face by (Enter Space bar> double click the Normal plane) and Draw the 2D sketch as given above Extrude by (Insert>Boss/Base>Extrude)) ok.
3.
Draw the sketch on edge wheel face, sketch for arm hole , Page 19

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Select the face by (Enter Space bar> double click the Normal plane) and Draw the 2D sketch as given below
4. And remove the material by (Insert>cut>Extrude), through all, OK.
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5.
Add fillet R12.7mm inner(Insert>Features>Fillet/Round),add fillet 5.08mm for corner ok
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6. Click Circular Pattern ,click (View>Temporary Axes,) select center axis as rotation axis
8.( Give 360 degree and 5 equal spacing) , Select Cut-Extrude1, Fillet1 and Fillet2 as a Features to Pattern. OK.
7. Click on hub face, insert sketch, sketch center circle diameter 69.85mm. Extrude Cut to 12.7mm deep.(Insert>cut>Extrude).
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8.
Add chamfer 12.7mm to inner cut and add chamfer 6.35mm to wheel edge ok done. .(Insert>Feature>chamfer).
Result: Thus the given model is completed.
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3. Three layer Rope AIM: To model the given object using the Sweep and circular step and repeat feature as per the dimensions given. 1. Create a spline curve sketch on Front Plane. (Front plane Insert Sketch Draw the spline using spline tool bar right click end spline)
( select close dialog box and exit sketch.) 2.and another spline curve sketch on top plane (select Top plane Insert Sketch click Space bar and double click the Normal plane Draw the spline using spline tool bar right click end spline)
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( select close dialog box and exit sketch.) 3.create 3D plane curve (using, insert curve projected, select Two (cures)sketches , when we rotate the geometry it will show 3D curve. Click OK.
4.at one end of the 3D curve, create new plane. (Insert Reference Geometry plane),select curve end point and edge curve and OK.
5.create a circle with suitable dimensions, nearby end of the spline curve.
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6.Before finishing sketch(select Tools sketch tools circular step and repeat) from that given number of rope layers.( 3 or 4). OK and select finish sketch.
7.Take sweep (insert boss/base sweep) command and give select profile and there relative circle, and select path there relative curve, options orientation /twist type(select along path), Define by select turns give the valve of 50 to 100). ok done.
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Result:
Thus the given model is completed.
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ANSYS -14
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The Purpose of FEA Analytical Solution Stress analysis for trusses, beams, and other simple structures are carried out based on dramatic simplification and idealization: mass concentrated at the center of gravity beam simplified as a line segment (same cross-section) Design is based on the calculation results of the idealized structure & a large safety factor (1.5-3) given by experience. FEA Design geometry is a lot more complex; and the accuracy requirement is a lot higher. We need To understand the physical behaviors of a complex object (strength, heat transfer capability, fluid flow, etc.) To predict the performance and behavior of the design to calculate the safety margin; and to identify the weakness of the design accurately; and To identify the optimal design with confidence. Brief History 1. Grew out of aerospace industry 2. Post-WW II jets, missiles, space flight 3. Need for light weight structures 4. Required accurate stress analysis 5. Paralleled growth of computers. Common FEA Applications Mechanical/Aerospace/Civil/Automotive Engineering Structural/Stress Analysis Static/Dynamic Linear/Nonlinear Fluid Flow Heat Transfer Electromagnetic Fields Soil Mechanics Acoustics Biomechanics
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A GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Preprocessing Define the geometric domain of the problem. Define the element type(s) to be used (Chapter 6). Define the material properties of the elements. Define the geometric properties of the elements (length, area, and the like). Define the element connectivities (mesh the model). Define the physical constraints (boundary conditions). Define the loadings. Solution computes the unknown values of the primary field variable(s) computed values are then used by back substitution to compute additional, derived variables, such as reaction forces, element stresses, and heat flow. Post processing Postprocessor software contains sophisticated routines used for sorting, printing, and plotting Selected results from a finite element solution. Beam Element The usual assumptions of elementary beam theory are applicable here: 1. The beam is loaded only in the y direction. 2. Deflections of the beam are small in comparison to the characteristic dimensions of the beam. 3. The material of the beam is linearly elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous. The beam is prismatic and the cross section has an axis of symmetry in the plane of bending
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1. STEPPED BAR
AIM: For stepped bar to find the nodal displacement, stress in each element at the fixed end.A1 = 200 mm^2, A 2 = 100 mm^2 and E1 = E2 = 200GPa. 200 mm 100 mm
1000 N
500 N
PREPROCESSING 1.Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add >Structural Link > 3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.
2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK
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Cross-Sectional area AREA > Enter 200 >Add >OK
Cross-sectional area AREA >Enter 100 >OK >Close. 3. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Material Props >Material Models Material Model Number 1,click Structural >Linear >Elastic >Isotropic Page 32

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Enter EX = 200E3 and PRXY = 0.3 >OK (Close the Define Material Model Behavior window.) Create the Nodes and elements. As it is stated in the problem that uses 2 element model Hence create 3 nodes and 2 elements. 4. Main MENU >Preprocessor > Modeling >Create > Nodes >In Active CS Enter the coordinates of node 3>OK.
5. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Modeling > Create >Elements > Elem Attributes > OK >Auto Numbered > Thru nodes Pick The 1st and 2nd node >OK.
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Elem Attributes >change the Real content set number to 2 >OK>Auto Numbered >thru nodes Pick the 2nd and 3rd node >OK.
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6.Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Displacement >On Nodes Pick the 1st node >Apply >All DOF = 0 >OK.
7. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Force/Moment >On nodes Pick the 3rd Node >Ok >Force/Moment value = 500 in FX direction >OK>Force/Moment >On Nodes pick the 2nd node >OK >Force/Moment value = -1000 in FX direction. The model-building step is now complete, and we can process to the solution. First to be safe, save the model. Solution. The interactive solution proceeds. 8.Main MENU >Solution >Solve >Current LS >OK The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the Solve Current Load Step window is shown. Check the solution options in the/STATUS window and if all is OK,select File >Close. In the Solve Current Load Step window, Select OK, and when the solution is complete, close the Solution is Done! Window. POSTPROCESSING We can now plot the results of this analysis and also list the computed values. 9. Main Menu>General postproc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Nodal Solu >DOF >Solution >Displacement vector sum >OK.
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10.Main Menu >General Postproc >Element Table >Define Table >ADD Select Bysequence num and LS and type 1 after LS as shown in fig. >OK
11.Main Menu >General Post Proc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Elem Table >Select LS1 >OK
Stress pattern for stepped bar
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified stress and deflection.
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2. TRUSS AIM: Determine the nodal displacements, element stresses and support reactions for the
three members truss A = 800 mm^2 and E = 200GPa for all members. 12 KN 8 KN
1.5 m
2m
2m
PREPROCESSING 1. Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add >Structural Link > 3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.
2. Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK
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Cross-Sectional area AREA > Enter 200 >Add >OK Cross-Sectional area AREA > Enter 200 >Add >OK Cross-Sectional area AREA > Enter 200 >Add >OK 3. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Material Props >Material Models Material Model Number 1,click Structural >Linear >Elastic >Isotropic
Enter EX = 200E3 and PRXY = 0.3 >OK (Close the Define Material Model Behavior window.) Page 38

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Create the Nodes and elements. As it is stated in the problem that uses 2 element model hence create 3 nodes and 2 elements. 4. Main MENU >Preprocessor > Modeling >Create > Nodes >In Active CS Enter the coordinates of node 3>OK.
5. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Modeling > Create >Elements > Elem Attributes > OK >Auto Numbered > Thru nodes Pick The 1st and 2nd node >OK.
Elem Attributes >change the Real content set number to 2 >OK>Auto Numbered >thru nodes Pick the 2nd and 3rd node >OK. Page 39

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6. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Displacement >On Nodes Pick the 1st node >Apply >All DOF = 0 >OK
7. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Force/Moment > On nodes Pick the 2nd Node >Ok >Force/Moment value = 8000 Page 40

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in FX direction >OK>Force/Moment >On Nodes pick the 2nd node >OK >Force/Moment value = -12000 in FY direction. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Displacement >On Nodes Pick the 3rd node >Apply >FY = 0 >OK The model-building step is now complete, and we can process to the solution. First to be safe, save the model. Solution. The interactive solution proceeds. 8. Main MENU >Solution >Solve >Current LS >OK The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the Solve Current Load Step window is shown. Check the solution options in the/STATUS window and if all is OK, select File >Close. In the Solve Current Load Step window, Select OK, and when the solution is complete, close the Solution is Done! Window.
POSTPROCESSING We can now plot the results of this analysis and also list the computed values. 9. Main Menu>General Postproc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Nodal Solu >DOF >Solution >Displacement vector sum >OK.
10.Main Menu >General Postproc >Element Table >Define Table >ADD Select Bysequence num and LS and type 1 after LS as shown in fig. >OK. Page 41

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11. Main Menu >General Post Proc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Elem Table >Select LS1 >OK.
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified stress and deflection.
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3. Natural Frequency of Cantilever Beam AIM: To Determine the First Two Natural Frequencies.
2.5 m
Let E = 207 GPa, Poissons Ratio = 0.3, Length L= 2.5m,Cross sectional Area A= 1m^2,Mass Density =7800 kg/m^3.
PREPROCESSING 1.Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add >Structural Link > 3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.
2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK
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Cross sectional AREA >Enter 1 >OK>Close. Enter the Material Properties. 3. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Material Props >Material Models Material Model Number 1,click Structural >Linear >Elastic >Isotropic
Enter EX = 200E3 and PRXY = 0.3 >OK Click structural >Linear >Density =7800 (Close the Define Material Model Behavior window.) Create the Key points and lines as shown in the figure. 4. Main MENU >Preprocessor > Modeling >Create > Nodes >In Active CS Enter the coordinates of node 3>OK. . Page 44

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Key point number 1 2
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Key point locations X coordinate 0 2.5 Y coordinate 0 0
5.Main Menu >Preprocessor >Modeling >Create >Lines >Lines >Stright Line Pick the 1 st and 2 nd key point >OK.
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6.Main Menu >Preprocessor >Messing >Size Controls >Manual Size >Lines >All Lines >Enter NDIV No.of Element divisions =10.
7. Main Menu >preprocessor>Meshing>Mesh>Lines>Click Pick All
8. Main Menu >Solution>Analysis Type>New Analysis>Select Model>OK.
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9. Main Menu >Preprocessor>Loads >Apply>Structural >Displacement >On nodes Pick the Lest most node >Apply >Select All DOF>OK
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10. Main Menu>Solution >Analysis Type >Analysis options>Select Reduced option Enter No.of modes to extract =2
Enter FREQE Frequency range 0 -2500> OK.
Main Menu>Solution >Master DOFs>user selected >DEFINE >Pick all nodes except left most node>Ok >Select UX from Leb 1 1st DOF>OK.
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Solution: The interactive solution proceeds. 12. Main Menu>Solution >Solve >Current LS>ok The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the Solve Current Load Step window is shown. Click the solution options in the/STATUS window and if all is OK, select FILE >Close. In the solve, Current load step window, Select OK, and the solution is complete, Close the Solution is DONE, window. POSTPROCESSING 13. Main Menu >General Postproc>Results Summary The result is shown as Frequency values in Hz 14. Main Menu >General Postproc >Read Results >First Set 15. Main Menu>General Postproc >Plot Results >Counter Plot>Nodal Solu>DOF. This result is shown in fig. Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified Natural Frequency at each node of elements.
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4. WALLS AIM: To Determine the Temperature Distribution of combined plane walls.

To
h T K1
K2
K3
0.3m
0.15m
0.15m
PREPROCESSING 1. Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add
>Structural Link > 3D finit stn 180> OK>Close. 2. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element Type>Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Click on Link>then on 3D conduction (Link 33)>OK>Add>Click on Link >then on 3D convection 34 >Ok>Close.
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3. Main Menu>Preprocessor >Real Constants>Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Click on Link 32>Ok. Enter cross-sectional area AREA>Enter 1>OK
Add>Click on Link 34>Ok Enter cross sectional area AREA>Enter 1>Ok>Close.
Enter the material properties. 4. Main Menu >Preprocessor>Material props>Material Models Material Model Number 1, Click Thermal >Conductivity >Isotropic Enter KXX=30>ok
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Then in the material model window click on Material menu >New model>OK Material Model Number 2, Click Thermal>Conductivity>isotropic Enter KXX=50>Ok
Then in the material Model window click on Material menu>New Model>OK Material Model Number 3, Click Thermal>Conductivity>Isotropic Enter KXX=20>ok.
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Then in the material model window click on Material menu >New Model>OK Material Model Number 4, Click Thermal>Convection or film coef. Enter HF=25>ok
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Experiment No.
Date :
(Close the Define Material Model Behavior window.) Create the nodes and elements. 5. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Nodes>InActive CS Enter the coordinates of node1>Apply Enter the coordinates of node 2>Apply Enter the coordinates of node 3>Apply>Enter the coordinates of node 4>Apply Enter the coordinates of node 5>Ok 6. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create >Elements>Elem Attributes>ok>Auto Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 1 st and 2nd node>Ok >Elem Attributes>change the material number to 2>Ok>Auto Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 2nd and 3 rd node>Ok >Elem Attributes>change the material number to 3>OK>Auto Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 3 rd and 4th node>OK >Elem Attributes >change the element type to Link 34>Change the material number to 4>Change the real constant set number to 2>Ok>Auto Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 1st and 5th node >Ok Apply the boundary condition and temperature.
7. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Define Loads>Apply>Thermal> Temperature>On nodes pick the 4 th node >Apply >Click on TEMP and Enter Value -20>OK
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Experiment No.
Date :
8. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Define Loads>Apply>Thermal> Temperature>On nodes pick the 5th node>Apply>Click on TEMP and Enter Value =800>OK.
Solution: The interactive solution proceeds. 9. Main Menu>Solution>Solve>Current LS>ok The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the solve current Load Step Window is shown. Check the solution options in the/STATUS window and if all is OK, select File>Close In the solve Current Load Step window, Select OK, and when the solution is complete, Close the Solution is done.
Post processing
We can now plot the results of this analysis and also list the computed values. 10. Main Menu >General Postproc >Plot Results>Counter Plot>Nodal Solu>DOF
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Experiment No.
Date :
11. Main Menu >General Postproc>List Results>Nodal Solu>Select Temperature>Ok
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified Temperature at each node of elements.
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Experiment No.
Date :
INTRODUCTION
WORD DETAILS: Although the control will, in general, accept part programming words in any sequence, it is recommended that the following word order for each block is used. N; G; X or U; Z or W; I; K; F; S; T; O: PROGRAM NUMBER The O followed by a 4 digit numeral value is used to assign a program number. Example: O1002 N: SEQUENCE NUMBER The N word may be omitted. When programmed, the sequence number following the N address is a four digit numerical value and is used to identify a complete block of information. Although ascending, descending, or duplicate numbering is allowed, it is best to program in ascending order in increments of 10. This allows for future editing and simplified sequence number search. G: PREPARATORY COMMAND: The two digit G command is programmed to set up the control to perform an automatic machine operation. A full list of G codes are given, one G word from each modal group and one non modal G word can be programmed on the same block. Example: Valid N 100 G00 G40 G41 G90 G95 *G40 & G41 are from the same group. A retained G word (Modal) from one group remains active until another G word from the same group is programmed. One-shot G word (Non-Modal) must be programmed in every block when required.
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Experiment No.
Date :
G-CODES LISTING FOR DENFORD FANUC LATHES: Note: - NOT ALL G CODES APPLY TO EACH MACHINE.
Group 1 1 1 1 0 0 6 6 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 7 7 7 0 0 12 12 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 G00 G01 G02 G03 G04 G10 G20 G21 G22 G23 G27 G28 G29 G30 G31 G32 G34 G36 G37 G40 G41 G42 G50 G65 G66 G67 G70 G71 G72 G73 G74 G75 G76 G90 G92 G94 G96 Positioning (Rapid Traverse) Liner Interpolation (Feed) Circular Interpolation CW Circular Interpolation CW Dwell Offset Value Setting By Program Inch Data Input Metric Data Input Stored Stroke Check On Stored Stroke Check Off Reference Point Return Check Reference Point Return Return from Reference Point Return to 2nd Reference Point Skip Function Thread Cutting Variable Lead Thread Cutting Automatic Tool Compensation X Automatic Tool Compensation Z Tool Nose Radius Compensation cancels Tool Nose Radius Compensation Left Tool Nose Radius Compensation Right Work Co-ord. Change/Max. Spindle Speed setting Macro call Macro Modal Call Cancel Macro Modal Call Cancel Finishing Cycle Stock Removal in Turning Stock Removal in Turning Pattern Repeating Peck Drilling in Z Axis Grooving in X Axis Thread Cutting Cycle Cutting Cycle A Thread Cutting Cycle Cutting Cycle B Constant surface Speed Control Page 59

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Experiment No.
2 11 11 G97 G98 G99
Date :
Constant Surface Speed Control Cancel Feed per Minute Feed per Revolution
NOTES FOR G CODE LISTING: Note 1:G Codes of 0 group represent those non modal and are effective to the designed block. Note 2:G Codes of different groups can be commanded to the same block. If more than one G codes from the same group are commanded, the latter becomes effective. AIXS DEFINITIONS:Z AXIS:The Z axis is along a line between the spindle and the tailstock, or the center line of rotation of the spindle. Minus (-) movements of the tool are left toward the head stock; positive (+) movements are right towards the tailstock. X AXIS:The X axis is 90 degrees from the Z axis (perpendicular to the Z axis). Minus (-) movements of the tool are toward the center-line of rotation, and positive (+) movements are away from the center line of rotation. X: X AXIS COMMAND:The X word is programmed as a diameter which is used to command a change in position perpendicular to the spindle center-line. U: X AXIS COMMAND:The U word is an incremental distance (diameter value) which is used to command a change in position perpendicular to the spindle center-line. The movement is the programmed value. Z: Z AXIS COMMAND:-
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Experiment No.
Date :
The Z word is an absolute dimension which is used is used to command a change in position parallel to the spindle center-line. W: Z AXIS COMMAND:The W word is an incremental distance which is used to command a change of position parallel to the spindle center-line. Do not program X & U or Z & W in the same block. If an X axis command calls for no movement it may be omitted. X, U or P: DWELL:The X word is used with G04 to command a dwell in seconds. The P word is used with G04 to command a dwell in milliseconds. I WORD:For are programming (G02 or G03), the K Value (with sign) is programmed to define the incremental distance parallel to the Z axis, between the start of the arc and the arc center. K WORD:For arc programming (G02 or G03), the K value (with sign) is programmed to define the incremental distance parallel to the Z axis, between the start of the arc and the arc center. The maximum arc for I & K programming is limited to the quadrant. If I or K is zero, it must be omitted. F WORD:a) In G99 mode the F word is used to command feed/rev. b) In G98 mode the F word is used to command feed/min. c) In G32 mode the F word specifies the lead (pitch) of the thread. P WORD:a) Used in automatic cycles to define the first block of a contour. b) Used with M98 to define a subroutine number. Q WORD:Q words are used in automatic cycles to define the last block of a contour.
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Experiment No.
Date :
R WORD:For circular interpolation (G02 or G03) the R word defines the arc radius from the center of the tool nose radius (G40 active) - or the actual radius required (G41/ G42 active). S WORD:a) In the constant surface speed mode (G96) the four digit S word is used to command the required surface speed in either feet or meters per minute. b) In the direct r.p.m mode (G97), the four digit S word is used to command the spindle speeds incrementally, in r.p.m., between the ranges available for the machine. c) Prior to entering constant surface speed mode (9G96) the S word is used to specify a speed constraint, the maximum speed you wish the spindle to run at. To set this restraint the S word is programmed in conjunction with the G50 word. T WORD:The T words are used in conjunction with M06. Those are used to call up the required tool on an automatic indexing turret machine, and to activate its tool offsets. M WORD:An M word is used to initiate auxiliary functions particular to the machine. One M code can be programmed with in one program block together with other part program information. M- CODE LIST FOR DENFORD FANUC LATHES :All M Codes marked with an asterisk will be executed at the end of a block (i.e., after the axis movement). NOTE: - NOT ALL M CODES ARE AVAILABLE ON EACH MACHINE. * * * * M00 M01 M02 M03 M04 M05 M06 M07 M08 M09 M10 M11 PROGRAM STOP OPTIONAL STOP PROGRAM RESET SPINDLE FORWARD SPINDLE REVERSE SPINDLE STOP AUTO TOOL CHANGE COOLANT "B" ON COOLANT "A" ON COOLANT OFF CHUCK OPEN CHUCK CLOSE Page 62

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Experiment No.
M13 M14 M15 M16 M19 M20 M21 M22 M23 M25 M26 M29 M30 M31 M37 M38 M39 M40 M41 M43 M44 M45 M48 M49 M50 M51 M52 M53 M54 M56 M57 M62 M63 M64 M65 M98 M99
Date :
SPINDLE FORWARD & COOLANT ON SPINDLE REVERSE & COOLANT ON PROGRAM INPUT USING."MIN P" (SPECIAL FUNCTION) SPECIALTOOL CALL (TOOL CALL IGNORES TURRET) SPINDLE ORIENTATE SPINDLE INDEX A SPINDLE INDEX 2A SPINDLE INDEX 3A SPINDLE INDEX 4A QUILL EXTEND QUILL RETRACT SELECT "DNC" MODE PROGRAM RESET & REWIND INCREMENT PARTS COUNTER DOOR OPEN TO STOP DOOR OPEN DOOR CLOSE PARTS CATCHER EXTEND PARTS CATCHER RETRACT SWARF CONVEYOR FORWARD SWARF CONVEYOR REVERSE SWARF CONVEYOR STOP LOCK % FEED AND % SPEED AT 100% CANCEL M48 (DEFAILT) WAIT FOR AXIS IN POSITION SIGNAL (CANCELS CONTINUOUS PATH) CANCEL M50 (DEFAILT) PULL-OUT IN THREADING = 90 DEGRESS (DEFAILT) CANCEL M52 DISABLE SPINDLE FLUCTUATION TESTING (DEFAILT) SELECT INTERNAL CHUCKING (FROM PLC EDITION "F") SELECT EXTERNAL CHUCKING (FROM PLC EDITION "F") AUX.1 ON AUX.2 ON AUX.1 OFF AUX.2 OFF SUB PROGRAM CALL SUB PROGRAM END
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Experiment No.
Date : 1. FACING CYCLE
[BILLET X25 Z70] G21 G98; G28 U0W0; M06 T1 ;( FACING TOOL) M03 S1200; G00 X26 Z0; G94 X0 Z-0.5 F50; Z-1.0 Z-1.5 Z-2.0 Z-2.5 Z-3.0 Z-3.5 Z-4.0 Z-4.5 Z-5.0 Z-5.5 Z-6.0 Z-6.5 Z-7.0 Z-7.5 Z-8.0 Z-8.5 Z-9.0 Z-9.5 Z-10.0 G28 U0W0; M05; M30; Page 64

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Experiment No.
Date :
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Experiment No.
Date : 2. TURNING CYCLE
[BILLET X28 Z70] G21 G98; G28 U0W0; M06 T1 ;( FACING TOOL) M03 S1000; G00 X25 Z1; G94 X24 Z45 F50; X23 X22 X21 X20 X19 Z-40 X18 X17 X16 X15 X14 Z-20 X13 X12 X11 X10 G28 U0W0; M05; M30;
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Experiment No.
Date :
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Experiment No.
Date :
3. LINEAR & CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (Milling)

G21 G94 G91 G28 Z0 G28 X0 Y0 M06 T06 M03 S1300 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z5 [S] G00 X2 Y30 G01 Z-1 F60 G01 X10 Y30 G03 X15 Y35 R5 G01 X15 Y37.5 G03 X10 Y42.5 R5 G01 X17 Y42.5 G02 X2 Y50 G02 X7 Y55 R5 G01 X15 Y55 G00 Z2 [V] G00 X20 Y55 G01 Z-1 F60 G01 X27.5 Y30 G01 X33 Y55 G00 Z2 [C] G00 X51 Y55 G01 Z-1 F60 Page 68

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Experiment No.
G01 X43 Y55 G03 X38 Y50 R5 G01 X38 Y35 G03 X43 Y30 R5 G01 X51 Y30 G00 Z2 [E] G00 X69 Y55 G01 Z-1F60 G01 X56 Y55 G01 X56 Y42.5 G01 X69 Y42.5 G01 X56 Y42.5 G01 X56 Y30 G01 X69 Y30 G00 Z2 [T] G00 X81.5 Y30 G01 Z-1 F60 G01 X81.5 Y55 G01 X74 Y55 G01 X87 Y55 G00 Z2 G91 G28 Z0 G28 X0Y0 M05 M30
Date :
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Experiment No.
Date :
CFD ANALYSIS
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Experiment No.
Date :
CFD ANALYSIS OF STEAM NOZZLE AIM: To Determine the velocity and pressure distribution in Steam Nozzle.(Boundary conditions of -Inlet Mass flow rate=0.05kg/s, Outlet pressure 1 bar)
Step 1.Create 3D model in solid works as showing above 2D drawing.
Step2: Export to .IGS format. Step 3.File>Save as>file name (nozzle.igs) >Save.
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Experiment No.
Date :
Open ICEM CFD Software, (Start>All programs>Ansys-14>Meshing>ICEM CFD 14) Step4:Nozzle.igs file Import to ICEM CFD (File>Import Geometry>STEP/IGS>Apply
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Experiment No.
Date :
After importing Nozzle.igs File,(Click model>Geometry click display and surfaces) it will identify. And mean while change parts name(like Inlet,Outlet names
Step5:Geometry>repair geometry and Build Topology Tolerance valve 0.09>Apply.
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Experiment No.
Date :
Step6: Mesh>Global Mesh step up>Click Volume meshing parameters
Give Global Element Scale Parameters>Scale factor =1> max element 0.>Apply. Step 7 Go to Compute mesh>select Compute(Tetrahedral mesh creating).
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Experiment No.
Date :
\ Step 8:Select output >output solver>output solver>Ansys CFX>Ansys>Apply. Page 75

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Experiment No.
Date :
Click Write input>give file name>save>if you want change directory, change Done.
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Experiment No.
Date :
Visible volume mesh,
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Experiment No.
Date :
Step9: Save mesh file Step10 : Open CFX Software, (Start>All programs>Ansys-14>Fluid Dynamics>CFX 14>Click CFX-Pre.14.0) Meshing completed. Start Analysis in CFX-Pre processing Step 11: File> new case>General >OK>OK Step12: Import ICEM CFD file in to CFX-Pre. Create Domain and Boundary conditions (Inlet, outlet, materials>Fluid>steam3>OK
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Experiment No.
Date :
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Experiment No.
Date :
Boundary conditions: Inlet: mass flow rate: 0.05kg/s Outlet: Average pressure: 1 bar. Step 13.Solver the problem: Solver control>
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Experiment No.
Date :
Define run>File name>save. Start run.
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Experiment No.
Date :
Now go to post processing Results:
Launch post processing Results, OK.
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Experiment No.
Date :
Counter plot Results (velocity and Pressure)
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Experiment No.
Date :
Page 84

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SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

BTech IV year -1st sem as per JNTU ANANTAPUR

CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

Prepared by M SIVARAMAKRISHANIAH M.Tech(PhD)

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

09 10-12 13-17 18-23 24-27 28 29-30 31-36 37-42 43-49 50-57

58 59-63 64-65 66-67 68-69 71-84

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Result: The 2D model is obtained as per the given Dimensions.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Part Modeling Solid Works

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Description of Extrusion Future:

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Date : 2. Automobile Wheel

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

4. And remove the material by (Insert>cut>Extrude), through all, OK.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Add fillet R12.7mm inner(Insert>Features>Fillet/Round),add fillet 5.08mm for corner ok

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Result: Thus the given model is completed.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Cross-Sectional area AREA > Enter 200 >Add >OK

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SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

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Stress pattern for stepped bar

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2. Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK

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SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY