ACUTE INFECTION OF THE PHARYNX AND TONSILS

ACUTE TONSILLITIS
Most frequent in childhood (does occur in adults) Virus Infection attack of tonsillitis

Etiology
a.Group A beta haemolytic streptococci b.Haemophilus Influenzae c.Streptococcus pneumoniae d.Staphylococci e.Tuberculosis

Clinical Features
Sore throat pyrexia, malaise, headache Referred pain to the ear

Tonsil is very hyperaemic

Differential Diagnosis
a. Infectious mononucleosis

b.Malignancy
c. Diphtheria d.Scarlet Fever e. Vincents Angina f. Leukemia g.Agranulocytosis h.Pemphigus

Treatment
Parenteral Antibiotic
Analgesic

Complications
Local
Respiratory obstruction Peritonsillar abscess

Parapharyngeal abscess

Systemic
Septicaemia (septic abscess, septic arthritis, meningitis) Glomerulonephritis Rheumatic fever

Acute Tonsillitis

Hypertrophy Tonsillitis

ACUTE PERITONSILLAR

ABSCESS
Rare condition in childhood Collection of pus fibrous capsule upper pole superior constrictor muscle of the pharynx Usually complication of acute tonsillitis Previous history of recurrent episodes ( acute tonsillitis) Deviation of the tonsil and uvula midline Swelling of Soft Palate

Often TRISMUS

Etiology
Most frequent organism Beta haemolytic streptococcus

Clinical Features
Previous history attacks of acute tonsillitis

Sore throat ( 2 3 days )

Always unilateral

Fever, headache, and severe pain

Accumulation of saliva Pyrexia and trismus Oedem and hyperemia of the soft palate Infective lymphadenopathy

Differential Diagnosis
Parapharyngeal Abscess

Treatment:
Antibiotics
Analgesics Incision and drainage Emergency abscess tonsillectomy

Complications
a.Venous thrombosis
b.Mediastinitis

c.Brain abscess
d.Airway obstruction

e.Aspiration pneumoniae
f. Nephritis, peritonitis, and dehydration

Peritosillar Abscess