BLOOD CIRCULATION AND

TRANSPORT
 THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM
IN HUMAN
 THE HUMAN BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
CONSISTS OF THE HEART, A NETWORK OF BLOOD
VESSELS AND BLOOD.
 THE FUNCTIONS OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM
ARE AS FOLLOWS:
(a) TO TRANSPORT NUTRIENTS, OXYGEN AND
WATER TO THE BODY CELLS.
(b) TO TRANSPORT CARBON DIOXIDE AND
WESTE PRODUCTS FROM THE CELLS TO THE
EXCRETORY ORGANS.
(c) TO BRING HORMONES TO THE TARGET BODY
CELLS
 THE HEART IS THE THE RIGHT VENTRICLE.
ORGAN THAT PUMPS BLOOD
THROUGH OUT THE BODY (b)THE VALVES IN THE
BY ITS ALTERNATE HEART PREVENT THE
CONTRACTIONS AND BACKFLOW OF BLOOD
AND ENSURE THAT THE
RELAXATIONS OF THE
DIRECTION OF THE FLOW
MUSCLES.
OF BLOOD IS IN ONE
 THE STRUCTURE OF THE
DIRECTION ONLY. THE
HUMAN HEART. BICUSPID VALVE SEPARATES
THE LEFT ATRIUM FROM THE
(a)THE HEART IS MADE UP LEFT VENTRICLES. THE
OF FOUR PARTS THAT IS THE TRICUSPID VALVE
PULMONARY VEIN IN THE SEPARATES THE RIGHT
LEFT ATRIUM, THE VENA ATRIUM FROM THE RIGHT
CAVA IN THE RIGHT ATRIUM, VENTRICLE.THE SEMILUNAR
VALVES ARE LOCATED AT
THE AORTA IN THE LEFT
THE BEGINNING OF THE
VENTRICLE AND THE AORTA AND THE
PULMONARY ARTERY IN PULMONARY ARTERY.
Structure of the human heart
Blood circulatory system
THE HUMAN BLOOD CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF A DOUBLE
CIRCULATORYSYSTEM THAT IS:
 THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION WHERE BY
DEOXYGENATED BLOOD FLOWS THE HEART TO THE
LUNGS FOR OXYGENATION. THE OXYGENATED BLOOD
OF THE LUNGS IS THEN RETURNED TO THE HEART

 THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION WHERE BY OXYGENATED

BLOOD IS SENT TO ALL PARTS OF THE BODY EXCEPT THE
LINGS AND DEOXYGENATEDBLOOD IS RETURNED TO THE
HEART.
• BLOOD THET LEAVES THE LUNGS RICH IN OXYGEN IS
CALLED OXYGENATED BLOD. BLOOD IN THE VENA CAVA
FROM ALL PARTS OF THE BODY LOW IN OXYGEN
CONTENT IS CALLED DEOXYGENATED BLOOD.
• IN THE COURSE OF THE CIRCULATION OF BLOOD,
EXCHANGE OF GASES TAKE PLACE AT:
• THE LUNGS- OXYGEN DIFFUSES INTO THE BLOOD FROM
THE LUNG. CARBON DIOXIDE IS REMOVED FROM THE
BLOOD AND DIFFUSES INTO THE LUNGS.

• THE BODY TISSUES- OXYGEN FROM THE BLOOD

DIFFUSES INTO THE BODY CELLS WHILE THE CAEBON
DIOXIDE FROM THE BODY CELL DIFFUSE INTO THE
BLOOD.
Artery and Vein
Capillary
HUMAN BLOOD
HUMAN BLOOD IS MADE UP OF 55%
PLASMA AND 45% BLOOD CELL.
 PLASMA
(a) Has a pale yellow colour, when the blood cells have
been removed, the remaining liquid is known as
plasma:

blood blood cells

plasma
(b) Its function is to transport digested food, mineral salts
and vitamins to the body cells. It also transport waste
substances like carbon dioxide, water and urea to the
excretory organs. It is important as it maintains the PH
of blood. Further it distributes hear throughout the
body so that the body temperature of 37C in
maintained.
 Blood cells
• Blood are made up of red blood cells,
white blood cells and platelets.
• Old red blood cells and platelets are
destroyed in the liver or spleen.
White blood cells Red blood cells
• Human blood can be classified into 4
different groups. The 4 groups are
A,B,AB,and O.
• Different blood have different antigens and
antibodies.
Blood groups Antigen Antibody

A A Anti-b

B B Anti-a

AB A and B Nil

O Nil Anti-a and

Anti-b
Recipients of blood from
suitable donors
Recipient blood A B AB 0
group\Donor
blood group
A / X X /

B X / X /

AB / / / /

O X X X /
CELL OF PLANT