SOLUTIONS MANUAL BASIC PRINCIPLES AND CALCULATIONS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Seventh Edition David M. Himmelblau and James B. RiggsSolutions Manual to Accompany Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering Seventh Edition David M. Himmelblau University of Texas James B. Riggs Texas Tech University PRENTICE HALL Professional Technical Reference Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials. © 2004, 1996, 1989, 1982 by David M. Himmelblau © 1974, 1967, 1962 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America First Printing ISBN 0-13-143221-4 Pearson Education, Ltd. Pearson Education Australia PTY, Limited Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd Pearson Education North Asia, Ltd. Pearson Education Canada, Ltd. Pearson Educacién de Mexico, S.A. de CV. Pearson Education -- Japan Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd0 u TABLE OF CONTENTS othe tnsctor ample Course Syllbus Course Objectives am and Recitation Section Schedules Suggestions or Taking Exams ‘What You Should Know About This Course Standards for Chemical Engineering Homework ‘Typial Assignments or One Semester ‘Typical Examinations for a One Semester Course Solution to Problems Soltion o Thought Problems ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We want hank Christin Bair for rearing al of this Solutions Mansa, snd forthe may students and graders who have contd tothe stuns it oni David M, Himba James B. RigasTo the Instructor This Solutont Mena accompanies the bok Basic Principles and Calltiont in Chemical Engineering ™eton published by Prentice Hall nation tthe BaS +4C0 Clete the percent ences redctat and the dere of completion ofthe ection, PROBLEM 8 20%) ‘Ags cylinder to whic it atched an Bouden gage appear tobe ata pressure 27.38 ins get TPF the baometer ness 101 Pa A stent clans ht the presen tbe tank 13 pi, but ancter student points ot hat hiss imposible he pressure really 282 pin, Can | 3 pia be corest? Explain and show eslations to back up your planation,EXAMNO.2 (Open Book, ? hours PROBLEM 1 (25%) A chemist attempts to prepare some very pute crystals of NegSO4-108820 by iasoing 200 g of NapS04 (MoIWe=14208) in 400 g of boiling water. He then ‘aefly cols the solution showy nti some Na2S04 (OHO crystalies oa. Calsuae the of NapS04-10H0 recovered inthe entale per 100g of inal soto, i the ‘esd solution ser the crystal are removed contig 28% No50, Rightanswer but: 10ifanswerisin got -10 answer not 1Na2SO and nat got er 100g oft Nug80¢ 10430 sola PROBLEM 25%) iter pollution i he Hudson River has claimed conserable recent stenton, ‘yevisly potato om sevage outlets and nds wastes, To determine secre) ow such effluent enters the river is quite dificult Beaute to catch and weigh the ‘material is imosibl, weirs are hard to const, ec. One suggeion which had been offered so adda trace Bron a given sewage seam tte wel ond sample he Sewage sveam after it mixes well (pone test ofthe props you ad ten pound of Naf per hour for 24 hous oa sewage stream with esentially no Brin it Somewhat downea ofthe inaction iat» smplng ofthe sewage steam shows 012% Nadie. The sewage desi is 603 MI and ver water density i 624 To ‘What is the Now rato th sewage in Bin? 10 anawer based on 15 i€24 basis (0012 facia and not as sedan then 00012, ot converted back {oper bour bai PROBLEM 3 25%) in pepang 5.00 moles of» intr of tee gases ($0>, HS and C52) gases fiom three tanks ae combined ino «fourth tank. The nis have the follwing compositions (mole Factions) Gs Taok! Tank? Tank Tank SO 10 020 a2s ro) fas om 020 os 026 co 05060 050 oss How mach of Tanks 1,2, and 3 must be mixed 0 give prodet with composon of | Tank? 10 for comes newer but wrong 184 lot of peopl id no soln, ais ‘They wed wrong basse. No sola but conect mat altace (contnwes)PROBLEM 425%) 10% 2) Forthe given dslaion proces, calle the composition ofthe Botos 15% >) If seam leaked into the column st 1000 roleee and all ele was on, hat would the new Dots composition be? (Should be g-mol) if assumed oK-ole and ot stated canting Water 10% Etou ts ho ot aad. wt no Bettense? Ltetenss? Etohe? owt Shae PROBLEM 1 35%) [company bars an interment prodvct gs having the composition 4.3% CO, 27%CO, 10% Ho, 1.0% CH, andthe residual Np ogether with wae ol having the composiion 876, 13% Ho. Ansys ofthe sack ps giver en Ore! mast of 146% (003, 0.76% CO, and 7.65 Op andthe rest Np, Cakulate the faction of the tal carbon bred that eames om he pod a. PROBLEM 2 25%) Benzene, toluene and other aromatic compounds canbe recovered by solvent cexracio wih sulfur dios. Asan example, aay reformat stream contnng 50% by weight benzene and 30% non-benzene materials passed trovgh the counter current extractive recovery scheme shown inthe dng low. One dhousand pounds ofthe reformat seam and 3000 pounds of sulfur donde are fed tothe stem per hos “The benzve product sem (Ke erat contains 0.18 pound of sult dioxide pe pound ‘ofenzene. The rine stream consis ll the inaly charged non-benzene aera ‘swell as 025 pound of benzene er pound ofthe on-Beane meri. The emining ‘component inthe alinate steam the sli sid, (0) How many pound of benzene are extracted per hori arn the exrot? (©) _1£ 800 pounds of benzene conning in ton 0.25 pound ofthe non benzene "teil er pound of beazane are Mowing pe outpost A and 700 pound of ‘benzene containing 0.07 pound ofthe no-Senzene material per pound Of Daze ae fowing at pin B, how many pounds (excsive ofthe sulfa dixie) are Bowing at points Cad D? ‘emt nen ae te te soma he GomesPROBLEM 3 30%) Reactant ie polymerid a shown in the figure. tis mined with fesh catalyst. and recyeed cats. Conversion of Ai 40% on oe pas ough the rector. Fresh aly! () enes athe ate of 0.0 18G per bof Ai stream Th spertn removes 90% ofthe catalyst and cycles ia well eyeing vreacted A. Neverbeess, the product steam consi 594 ofthe unreacted A and 10% ofthe catalyst exiting Steam K aswell bth polyne product. Determine the rao of trea RG Note: cust doesnot ect inthe proces! Exam No.4 (open Book, 2 hous PROBLEM 1 25%) In the vapor recompresion eveportr (isu) shown in he Figur below, the vapors prodiced on evaporation ae compressed wa higher pes and parsed through he heating colo provide te energy fr evaporation. The sam entering he ‘compressor 9% gusty 10 pate sea sing the compressor fo 30 pin an {00°F and 6 Bru of oat are loa rom the compreso er pound of seam tog ‘Te condensate leaving th eating eal a $0 pla, 200°. The replacement gid at ‘he tempeatr of ts gud ise the evaporate. Comparer (3) the wok in Buu nae for compression pe pound of H20 ging trough the compress, (©) the Btu orbeatransiemed om he heating col othe gui inthe evaporate er pound of #20 trough he col Bonus ofS pin for comet answer to the question: Wht the otal het ined lat byte enti sytem, PROBLEM 225%) An insulated, sealed tank that 23 n volume old of water a 100°. A U8 ip ser mies the water fr I hour. Whit the faction vapor al the ed ofthe owe? Astrea the energy fom the motor eners the ak, For this problem you donot have to get numerical solution, Instead lis the folowing in hs oder: Sate what the system you selects Spey open or clos Draw a petere Putall th known or calulted aon the pict in he proper place. Whe down the energy bane (ase he symbol inthe ext) and impli as ‘mucha ponte Lst cach astmpton in so dong Cale W. List the equations with dat itroduce that you would wet ove the problem Explain sep by sep ho 1o solve the problem (bt 60 nto 3) PROBLEM 3 (15%) ‘Whats he entapy change in Btu when 1 pound mole of is cooled from OO"F 1 100 at atmosphere pressure ‘Compute your anne by two ways 1) Usethe bles ofthe combustion ges 2} Use the eat capacity equation for air, (cominues)ef PROBLEM 4 (10%) Answer the following questions by placing T fro tread F for false on your answer page. Grading 2 icone, Ola, 1 irene (0) Hestandherma enery re syonymous terms used to express one ype of (Youu find he enthalpy change a coastant presue of Substance such as CO> from he solid othe gaseous site by integrating fon (ok pent) Trg empire ‘eet oo pena (2) The enthalpy change of susan can never be nea (2 Heatand work arethe only methods of energy ante in a non-flow proves (Both Qand AH canbe clsed as sate fonctions (varibles) PROBLEM S@5%) or reaction product (sume they have the same popes asi) at 1000°F leave aseacir. In oder to prevent ter eatin, the process esigned wo reuce te temperate of he rodeo 400° by mmeinly sping us ar ath pa ow many Tb of water 70° are equi pe 1001 of products leaving at 120 ot 70°F aes 1000%F fares Reactor 2 Hor For this problem you do ot have to geta numerical solution, Instead isthe following in this ere, 1 Site wha te sytem you see. 2. Specify open or closed. 3 Dew apie 4. utallshe known o calelated data nthe pict inthe proper places SW down the material and energy balances (ue the symbols nthe text) and simplify them as mich as posible, is each assumption ino dine 6 ase the own daa ino the simpli equation) you would we to solve the problem. Exam No.5 (Open Book, 2 howry PROBLEM 1 (10%) Ansver he folowing questions rely (ne move than 3 sees); 4 oes the adton ofan ine distentto he estat entering an extherni proces merase, decrease, or make no change in the eet esr oF fom tbe proces? the reaction na process is incomplete, what ithe efet onthe valve ofthe standard heat of reacon” Does igo up, down, or ema the sare? Hw many properties are need to inthe state fag so taal of heather oper canbe determina? 4. Consider he reaction Hats) $ O38) HOW, {she Bear of reaction withthe reacts eerng athe products leaving a 00K ihe. ower, othe same asthe sandr heat fection? PROBLEM 2 (10%) Explain bow you woald caluitethe adiabatic reaction mparane fo Problem Selow ifthe oulet emperors ot specified. Lise step. (You cance some of "he stp iste in Problem $i you Tis them by number in Problem 5) PROBLEM 3 20%) ‘Aloe gas 750° and | atm of composition 140% CO;, 1.0% CO, 64% On. andthe tlance Nz the produc of eombustion with exces srt 750°F and 1 am dha ie used wo bum coke (C). (comtiaved)‘Whats the volume in fof he legs eaving he face per pound of carbon tured? ‘Wats the volume far in entering the fumace pr pound of C bums? M4202) ‘Seven pounds of Nz are store in cylinder 0.75 volume a 20°F. Coleulte the pes inthe ylndr in straps 8 Assuming Nz to beanie gas. 1 Assumiog 2 iss real gat and using compresbiliy fits ‘PROBLEM 5 (40%—one half each for the materil and enerzy balances) Porites (FS3) is converte to sul oxide (0) ge sconting ote reaction $FeS:() + 11 OxG)-» 2 F049) +8502) ‘Te airwhich is 35% excess bas on the above reacin) for combustion entra 27°C, the ore at 18°C nd te products lve a OOK. Bocuse of ment Sermon. tmbumed Fe exis fom te proces. In one hour 8000 of pyrite ae fed fo be proces, 200k of Fex03 ae produced. What ithe est ade or renoved from the process? Data: For FS, Cp= 4,77 +5590 x 10-27 where isin Kelvin and Cy in M(gmo1XK). For £03, Cp 1034+ 6:71 10-27 with the same units. Exam No.6 (Open Book, 2 hour PROBLEM 1 (20%) A high pesure tin caves trl gas (ll methane) a 1000 KPa and 40°C ow would you clelatthe volun ofthe gx under these convo tha inequivalent 10003 w of Cig a standard conditions using a equation of ate? Select ne eqttion ater than van det Wan equation, and lit ion your solution page, Give a liso epa ‘compete the elelaton. Include al the proper equations, nd icles te involved ut youd ar have te obtain 2 soltion forthe volume, PROBLEM 2 (20%) From the flowing dt estinte he vapor pressure of slr dioxide at 100°C. Temperature CC) yaa | sss ‘Vapor press (ai) PROBLEM 3(20%) ry atosphoi iat the ambient dies of 90°F and 29 42 i: Hg ‘solute passes trogh a all lower and Is buble up through water otha the ait leaving the woler ated The temperate ofthe water constant a [OM andbecase of the back pressr in the sytem, the pressure ithe vapor pace ‘nthe tp of te bottle 2.7 in, 0 grater tan Samnophrcprese ‘The ote is weighted ar the iis bown for 2 ‘ows, 13 minutes, 47 cons, andthe decrease in weight wae found to be 873 Bb. What asthe uty rat of flow of iat ambient conditions in? PROBLEM 4(20%) ‘A vessel witha volume of 283 m consis «mine of nitrogen and setoe at {40°C and 100.0 KP. The dew point of the mixture 200°C andthe relive saturation ofthe acne in the mixes 58.39%. The vapor prenure of aetne st 48.9 4 6535 Pad tis 2462 APs at 200°C What isthe pai reste of ton vapor inthe original mixture, in KPa? How many kz moles of acetone des the eign! mixture contain? the nitrogen acetone mixture i cooled with the volume remaining at 283 ost 0th 27.0 percent of he aston condense, whats the eal temperature ofthe mine in °C? (continued)mg bower and atthe The ese vapor space stow fr? 73h, What nd acetone st 14°C 65.35 kPa? 31283 fal (contnaed) ‘Awetsluge consis $0 percent water by welght This luge fest ceifiged, and. kilograms of water are removed per Kilogram of wet dg fed ‘The shdge idol fare sings ota the fal product conains 10 pce by weight wate. The ior dying i heted, passed ito an oven de, and vented back Jato the mosphere. Ona day when anospherc pressure i fom Hg, he tempera {70°F ad the enve hamid 5%, alent the cae meters of wel required 0 dry one llogram of shdge fed othe process. The air vented from the oven de iat 1OO°F and 7mm Hg, Tas ade point oF 94°FSolutions Chapter 1 ‘aif 30.0y(2 9) [28m | Te hia kre? a bea Tella ira) [risk 18° a ot [eo mil? yl, E> a Gainey rae Pw? Lasee” Pay Oe ee few] Seinen?) | 19? | Cin) | tye dy] he ‘Geno ¥°511 (2.58 e565 days 2 1A jas0i8 m Farge wl oe me |13.ThePasat is apesur ai dein anitie no he sane a mane vel. Teconect oven 39MatONEs). the Weta Te te soreninis comet Serb Engh ron nt pao "on wo ee {Conctis"3palton (142 LM Wiheton sa mets on, ten C2 aw CORE] Solutions Chapter 1 o M48 Bas: omen }" Soomajsial we asi $0.0 het sau, 1 in [1000 (2.54 em)’ 6 Basis 620emh0" ey te | ie [00 1m 10's) oem) Tm | (30 a? Nia a TOT Pens ‘ook sas It tS kgJi Solutions Chapter 1 aa 1br_{ 20000 mite Bsmt Te be 2000 ga{000 mite _ (2570p smile) the er Nowe: 20 gl mae ate ede 14 Leta bethe tine fr Ao paint one bus: for ‘doves bau or howe hr B dos oe howe howe Ste Ta Bae Ato n=te star 34, 1 _.ammpene a 1e_ldnen natn ; Slaven te tel cone (E) aaa Kamen rr Tre | a | 282 eat? fim 0 os Beker) (EX) og aay, iran) MO (2 eer ny lier sh nal 19a) mse, ome mses we balanced [°° Weehcteene ie ie eee etme pts ig 20.0g| 1 | 304te|36005| HOKE) |r? Good 10 1 we barra (e KO] G600) | | a 1.3 Notrelly- peopl donot ml tng berwen na neigh. 114 The objet ta masof 2.3 gina recon a 1). The weight the fore ‘wed iowppr he masSetttone Chapter 1 tn AmerianEapneig Stem Power = FV wonton A, 9 Ba 4000} ml ony.) TPs 1m 100 if hy f100 09! Taerigh « | \ 1 Bw faa mala Raa) ® Solutions Chapter 1 Busi: 1Otneat 6 6 Lem 2a tee © equ ‘make subtateC mot eC) mal” eau ‘mod obarieC 0 aut, serpy imolaubtrae The ine ising conven tor ‘Wha te sioner th uni comet.Solutions Chapter 1 Sotetions Chapter 1 Q-06is (EVP ssume tole isopento sincere », 4si'| 290, | 7 ingao7mn.ol 10 Te | ie Toe fie SOT RIO, lexatio ort OATHO gba - wee “Teenp | (aa) 2-008 se TTA | arstorn? Ne -tean] Eo | exe | Coney, he frm wil tot id 90.8 1, prema foal he shoul g fore nthe AE rem een, Bier) oe 9048 | re eral en aTSolutions Chapter 1 i ik, ing? (tbe? 1s the ria cece, Bs hand by multiplying By cnversion ts Let ithe lesa weigh of he compe Lt Yidemuilaseg eat basen) [MW tm, (sl a) (sits) feof eral] ‘hee handsets fet) ands neste sth the hd ‘The inside date of he bigs 635 -290.762)= 4.826 am Eq s267 nn? = AS22129 en? ‘Toe flow areas oo} fom? he vlc of he sample pie corm (orem TSSolutions Chapter orate tice 125 te ine oad othe ow i {ley time of 5 ec may be zee row enka, at ter eat wld be ‘ered for anger ovens oes pes ©) Tore amping ine: 1) aces he Now me fr sae dente wig. 2} Decree he ring date ose Now te, 3) Resoce tein kag Solutions Chapter 1 Pac unit rhe bos int pve eqn an equi the nto te ef ad ‘ight eso he quion by asigungappecprite us othe coef 083. Bs ts ata loot (2) ‘The ws ae he sme thigh a ef 0.93 bas oui cated wht * | Inde th ui. The a one eh someon ot se ofthe eon. [| com _jsoa|im Laliai2ste| 1 _jonglasesn| 1m lisoenen 5 Te Pat haa) tp loon ocalig) ta wren sempaiee|1_Wgletsin|_—o . Pl alae! te ic he aT? - loon Sa 1.20 Twobecase any numbers sed the igh hand id ofthe cial point in 0Solations Chapter 1 at Toe sumis 12871450, Bene 1234 holy signe figure thet of ple deca pi, he awer sald be 25 (no den pt 132 Themunberf significa ges oh sight of edi point | (oe 210.0m), eset ou of 71510 mol be ound 2151, | 193 Acar gh 9826 0m, eyo stares gna or | [M_Twosipifene gues (aed on 63). Use 810 Sp 1 The poder 324i mand of For absolut eo, te prod Aen 14005 Siatly3.8¢tasSolutions Chapter 2 Soltions Chapter 2 an Tenant eek, ne cd pangh te mer Tred nmr of moll and ot nese. paves 23 Amwieisamembe of lene, Molec weight the mast er mle 24 Alle snmersare wong. Ae isa mer of molec, 2) Wis noc umber of moles a volume 5) neta weit ©) insets mmber of mole na pa }—_iisoecanstam might or am ot ©) lienocamceir wii 25 Thesttemen is paral caret. Amol i umber fens, oat of ater. "Ouanv sly wnt conse 9 be ened 264) mot meas avec ofthe uit ol” ve p71. @2@ 2a omsigc ae Bai: 20m Nac: ABBAS RIAA pois demamieact AMSA BTR] bas toon, 2S el Fal 4 tds opm nact: 22, |e oT ea 0 (e) MW 40.08 g/g mots 1201 gine +2600) gel » ° ® ~ [TAT ERATED] 0g CACOULD g mol C200 sso fisscmal Caco aT E Ta BmaCo ji hesccn |Libmol CaCO, _ pron maICAOO] [ton08 Caco, ~ 2200 wel ca 2. mol CaCO, [00.09 CLO, & _prRTFETD] Te Ti mol CaCO, PSC som ing ceil esSolutions Chap Solutions Chapter 2 Pat St og 0828 Meh aro ‘enol MeCh, 2b mol GHyI(44099 Cyl 454g Cu fasoun ctu i's Oh D crn Th Oy S28 GS @ © » 1 [1 oot Ny 5 0 alors - Sarma] 2IBCH.O} 1 ol GLO [45 ol icon bCHOl Tete” PERTH) eit nC 194 wel KeI7455 KCL Tio 119 gm NINO,| 85_NINO,_[220s10% MA gmeINO SENN, fatal ~ ESB RNO] Ie pm015i0,| 01g, |220.10'% a ERS] 218 Basis 10 goth composnt em ew e an ry ° teh ea q oa "0g Maly by 11 comer he tis et integers ‘Theta becomer Crit (Checking M1212) 1115) + 221.08) = 342 coe enoagh)Solutions Chapter? | vain Vania w 200801 2865 [1 tL gorse oe = 200g 18 ni c= 2006 N6A| LB rE [rashes “CS * gore vue Ot 86 elie minx 0 el TE 54, e be ret Ea om Sotations Chapter? 1S Bas 1000 i out sila 4B HO ot sah ion Fol ry wp Lo F778 oT aos a6 basis 010% {0.010 mf 1 gt Jose #2 sow pr totam . piesa’) visa mo osha aoa a eo seria ae Bass: 109005 opal vohne totaal: (00m) eyO0-10'mxO")=A95%10"% ams SiC™ (393810 (3.17e Kea = 12510Solutions Chapter 2 219 (a) Volume epider» y= 0.125m)'(1.00)= 495104 ‘Volume cline Value fier 49st! (625610) (=o ier Mass =(deniyivoume) = 225» 1ogin'x40%m = [ETO] SSO tote Lot 0) ange SERIE ut en 18 asst? 40.9000 (510% - (625e10%my'1= L110 (ino'e) LON - yeep ‘The back fl mus cnt 100g Fi tat wil eco te voids o 100002 = 500 gale rl. Te ey space mnt es 10,00 gl er hs ant pi $000 fre baci or 15,00 gal eile 005 eg 11600 SS HR 22st ot ms Chapter? 222 bai: So Bb of 28° AP et + 20,000 15° AP > ele. Pin thy (astme wohies ae dive 1 B= 42 ea Iy28* lls bg oll 878° oil! Poi) Taal vol $0007 20,000 bat ais a Say = TG 0887 py =(0887V62.4)= S536 BR] eas 0.955 pig =(0.9654624)=60.27 Ig? Var (5000 boXA2 gat /B0IN@ 7.481 gal) 2.807 10h? Vise=@0.000,42 gal HQ? /7.481 gal) L123 108R? (ssaetad™) 40-10 (arBal)(uanxio%nty Pa TAS IO TIERONE -BRa)- ETE ic} wes as So SE s,s °° GOR PAPI +1315 3841315 i) LoSolutions Chapter 2 Sotutions Chapter 2 P2100 em? nrc gen? Hol By Lyf 10? 227 Spar 1218 fr SO. 100 g/en? HO fie dzame @) [rm ) ae p=12185 ge saan 30(1.2165)= 036565 cn of SO. he ohion 5 : 2365610000 565.65 1,50,0. 1019 Be nacleas Be ,0 avid Se Ae Oana | rooBs 10 new 8 € | | ee 28 pat Dy oxyh feos BBS b : 200 mg HC, [1.48 gl18* [1 | got gc, Bis -— 1 gal | TR? 4/454 271.524 aC, Pane Hi ptf tmmot Hg |20.6 nal aor Hee ot 2126 The deny of water 25°C 0997 let and at °C L000 pe. tae sy chnge Indeasy othe ABO. 3.9010" EE.» 3.90:10'ppm 1" EEE 9010p £Ag,0!en" ; 7730; g.Ag,Olem = 7278 | | 0597 gH,0em@Isc | | Ticcasare for ana jet tlow be presides one sss Ie mae pry, von oct 1278 gAg,0len' 7000 gH, Oiem'@reSolutions Chapter Soltions Chapter2 ass: 1 Lof0.10 molar H:SO,soton = 1 Lola MW HSOy= 98.8 on ©1858 696% sole? 96% so, since spr. = L888 0.10 pmol H,S0,|9808 H,S0, 1.00 96% sla _ [032 Ee 8] © ST Thsola | gol $0, 096 84.80, sol oy Lemdeesoin 1022 296% win _ a -aTaR aL al TSE ¢96% soln] L soln (6) Assume no volume change on ising fer och te on omnson WOR 580 Ho sus ws Pec= 0917 gem Dewstyofice PHO = .00gfem3 Density of 1201) ‘Pact 0.791 genes of ue lab ete am is97 prot 48.5% Eo, he dey 0917 pom. Ashe pro ie he eniy of he laos deze iow tat fe, casing ei Sik. Poe °F = 09505 gi G0°E 0879 gem? Sp.ecotbomene at OFF ~ 0.99305 g/ ea? OR) ih HO. OO a. poo KEN] ED Le? _(32008 fossa ig meth im JP im 9S 5g Eg] Bass: L7O44gHNOS 1 hg HO 2 Comp. Kg musncton weigh pent Tou 2704 100 Igor the change of eso wate with epeeSolutions Chapter 2 P| 1.008 1, 0}0.63 g HINO,|I g mol HN LOOEHO| ow” HO g soln | 63 g HNO, Deny ofceieyde -a eof ote soem | mae eed vane vole of vessel = max. required voline = 411° rfGare) sue Aspe veel wih ie of 3 m cml be wed ae the igi 1H step -e H) sm ono cfo02 MOH I-07 fy ome 1 ig L Solutions Chapter 2 mL (esse aaa wi (08) pat Phe) 7 oe 0b Lov BAe [4 BHO) Ta fo pa ” Ral Perero| i te a sonpt em recone ae: Peace eee sera ae | Treempie! omni of ie opine compud i Ci.Seltions Chapter2 239. bain: 100 gamete: 495 6:52 ¢14:288 gN: 1650 2 vie ech ws umber bythe moar mas: (23012011 glgnoic) 4121 grote (52 gH/L008ggnol H)~ 5159 gral H (G88 gN'A007 pmo) ~ 2030 gol (065015909 pgm )= 1051 gol 2: Divide ech molar ann bythe smal molar amosat (121 mol COS mal O)= (6 mo CaO) (5159 mol WO mol O)=(5 ml HinolO) (2036 pol NLO3 ol O)= (2a NinolO) (0031 mot 01.031 mol O}=(1 ma O91) 4 Bipiia Fomala i then 240 Consost sol ct Mae of shi 10828 t soln, , 10 HO] 0828 we soln,» HO @ HD. ete Zor oan is fnton| cx) “Mase Satin KOH= "5 Os y oar Mas fraction 20 = 1-0.09-[024 | ~N, Moe feton ws tion _sMW,__ eM |—tihof 0 |tet goaSelatins Chapter 2 Sottions Chapter? 2.49 ne: 100kg lp 16 ase 20h a Some, Muemal s core, ee bat malt. e ® 2 2” © no ast ta x a a 1680 ” am Yoo to Tb Er) | | Ke nol = par ay ro Basis: 100 g moi gas » = 7 7 2g SEE ei app wh pe oa * aa \ os ma 2 } 3 es 2 | & ae a 248 On spe bs el pa: | to00 Brand A: 6060 ‘Brand B: 405 ppm | 33a ™ ™ | ve mot w= SBS, | The epi ma ft | ae | or ‘eae esi 24s, ‘Basis: 100 1b mot —— ceed sie 2000 ns cm. ww F 310 .g21¢ Maga 7-043 = rs 2 Bata: 60 00 ‘000 & 2 at * a | os Zao SL -0om ae amd: 405 ws 05 Ave MW=376 Ib ol2.49 ss: 1900 ppm $3000 g PCD gg Yes. Buca Sito 480 00 CC 0" patra 54 gC, 09 mg. 1 gnoisir [Kamar | 228m! [gnelcCl| gcth, 32-4 mg CCI which exceed the NIOSH stndards nes | | st anus rhea 1d pt pom mega | 19,050 4P runic 30,100 IPs 13.090 W4P pruncpal 0.70 | 1 ae 304100 RP [71 Pyouniigl]3,100 DP)og, Ford an asm tat (Potion rem enetanged, 4 Presinedyr 2240 +6240 07 « 19090-4500 17883 wae Pome inp = ee ea we atc | aes ra [TFei0% gal too 12345 1 galielion = ‘This grente than 10 ppb, (Euan WA wat Be etace] Preainedye= 2240 + 6740+03 x 19050-4500 10207 Pene np = 10.207 wales 2000, 2x10" gal tow ‘weet ep}Solutions Chapter? Solutions Chapter 2 ~ 20 as: 1 gl nse ew acon | S0gmolHhs|gomtgas|_ 34948 gmico, Ms aS 10'¢ mol gs [I gm C0,|'gmeIHO| 4 gO, . is _ 0 gS _ 270 gus 10008 C20 gmoI C0, gmaLCH 5p BCH, I $0, ~ 10" gould EmoiCa0, | temetcs |e05gcs 2? cx mas fraction HS = [2.7010] Simiely AEA BOIS age 28 © ioomotase > 10 moles 1 PPP ee Taal aaliy =250 860) 4118 )= [77 BED] ©) Baie: 100 mol me -—1 Gm Seat al, seals $5 roa onge= 270075 a alo a= 26 po 43, SS % on teats Ps 3 ost rat imo Tae 86 Net ee 1 or eit 1.20 pb | 2.57 Ona not bata het hie cet nai tot 380 prs erin {opm whl tat of eygen sos 209,50 pp he sop cone of ‘bor donde is inrensg at out 1 per ou Le 350 pn ti eu 03535 ‘pm next yen ad vt tpn hange nde cogent xe ‘rye concen fl a 207.3001 abot 209497 pom which in © ‘abs decease. Soar ino ee to wry swt an onygen GefenSolutions Chapter? Solutions Chapter 2 Basis: 100g of the sample “The biomass sample is = Side weiht fells 02 21 140 82 0 ws mers ‘00 = 0439 emo Ciemot ATP MOMS) NN(3)+300,(@) 210 stg me eo aime 2i0 dinteprtons|0—0 _ Tera] 8 The reltion use is fy emp AKKOW) with (OW) =1 5x10 kK nfowronty Methanol 0.15.10 joao) Ethanol xt" S6xt0t MTBE 60x10" To ‘The oor isin increasing persistence ethanol, MTBE, snd methanolSeluions Chapter 3 4 (9) Agnes sconvesis batso 1100 gles org oles (we St = (6) Agnes coment bas of or 1001 se (ie AE uni) | (©) Use 1 10 go cn 100 Bo. Recast ol ia slit and mas | (@) Vee 1100 les (Str AE) covet ai You ava | (0) Same savers ! 32 Stee mice a 000 mor AE) at [33 Pek one ya as which i equa to wat i pven-- wo somber ( 1842C1 107 «10 veSolutions Chapter 4 Tipe Hed) =470R 42 Yew fhe empertu sce incr elie oe ("Fo ogc sale eT iczeo) Nafte ele esi, bt ead. Wis J Chom Babes 7 518 | 2am) fora diteen nce [ele 43 canals 24600", own alte Sobie 18 TK=TR J (ta . setsaanenir p(t) fa] ore|iser) » Lod 52H orcs LOC score = (STOR) BETO ye eter eee ioe a Solutions Chapter 4 Fis lily te RS oe Sanion a Bu} sess | imme (hase "TBs a5 gat TTC sod ibinte Top = L6T3¢ +32 = fe488+0.5157210°( ie +32) 02159 10% AST 32P tr esosso'ast Jen Simon, Gy 3605 + D0447T-0.2814 10-472 60704 x 10873 “The ingrument doco onan ecu, bt bao conta i respons 76°C a canbe aber eset per ‘Theft eee ely mens tae it inerval AC =the ote AK. However, "C¢ Kas atenperue mene. The cond ence sity when ‘ceed tempentte, he "unly lence shad be oie. Tid vetoae ther io direc ne pelo bt the eo veo tps my oe ‘eure oft eave eve isi! ges ely sur ar ne igSolutions Chapter 4 48 Basic gies empeetest ~ -m « « f oe a i oS be OS B te im ts : or ee t 50 330 at a) wor fis mor > os Be | baie ns 18 a 0.1710 Bil. 8°R)|he_ | (ft) (in _|(100 em'| ica a hohe ea rae (nFlent 410. Ye ft id expo is ier wit temperate | [411 Youdo ot et sgh lie wid pe: but with np v7 [Ap bdo Mg, P= 364K: 42036 and b= 12% 10 wth he oi of Ksa Pane” 2080 ge? at += 1000 kg? Bast: Sem? water m=pV coreg omon|ossm {xoo0ig| Law hime lake aaa “7 mg _ 15.000%g|9.80m) a ° 1a70%Pa|_ Lai ore {Semito| 1in_ [10 | 14656pa_ I2s¥emlzin [3391 84,0 "2" ee L__]}} 00m —t Volume of once; S:m]302 mf200 mn]_s en_2 sides : el ea Solutions Chapter 5 S72 m)200mn]_im ends |, aspen fae enbetel ent a 00 = 166.590 mh Tot volume = 281352 n> Mass of concrete = 281.392! Volume of ispaced water ried to fot $8550.36 igh Lm HO sag s4y coo Wg #6 stn one | 506.54 [AbrSolutions Chapter 5 Solations Chapter S The pes ge eee = a Bas 500 4 20 piss1 9 0 Fe (trees) >. Re tmullerbage [Ara sohtions can be ppiving 20g yeep gg A a Basis: 5 in keroine 50 in berof2S4 mma? g/em? Vin 1136 g/cm? ~ =e) IF by > 1b, inthe AB system 5 ‘0 the procedure iso, hough the unit eonvesion i nore ss The eqton sp =4fo[ 28) (U0)] ‘The nis on the ight hand side (wi dimensiones) in Sl are bene the equations not dimensionally consistent because Ap has the units of Teg ise sth go the its woul be coreSolutions Chapter 5 Solutions Chapter 5 S1SY@GPV7P assume hoes ope to aosphere Bass: Dep= 000m p=po pe : LPs po Lato ~ Min!) 251m, , 73 in. ws |0.703H,0] 18 | 147 ig! 7 Ts [i2i8/3391|04,0) t 1 oa of en} J I ta =3579 wy? b oro jos -Lenlra aTT =| WHO Be - oe anemiven too gseat0l 1m [asr8H.0 oor = 0109106143 409:10 NNTOTTRIOR - ss6l “a — (Pane Pe (mam din) sus ng| erp ee fe) (Pees gore (Arianne | teste) (ses ) 147 pia Tia. tig} ‘enavso) (a 28s nls. Gea)Solutions Chapter $ Solutions Chapter S ye [Neither John is necessarily right. The pressure atthe top of Pikes Peak is (730.62-+ 730.62 + 1255.22) m? = 2716.46 m? Comyn SAME 1 Apso * 186 7646 n'ly350%9| 98 ec Aupsspa lee = eee Lps_[1 ue 12m ita Tig mfaoo re SERED] | 512 ap=pe | po ol eal a eats | | 0955 re ee) | ATop = 730.62 m* | Atel eatin | Aue = 206 9(08 m3) =12882 mt | 12on| tin Joso|18 [1013400 og SA= Any *A te + Asa Steal hain 3910115| Solutions Chapter § S13 Basi 750.0 Hg Atmospheric pressure + gauge presse absolute pressure pia ood LL] soe aolute pressure 265 mm Hl 1013KP pay F0-m tg~'ORP 40-102 = EEE] 1S Hg 101.3 KPa tera Soin 24a 0 440 Solutions Chapter 5 (Gage pressure most kel (fase aioli, then don ad barometric pressure below) () p= pehor we below hr He 4 ie asi: 2.5 Rot HC (ignore pressure exened by 4 ofa) 25AHC|092 04,0] 147 pia Trane [arene 7'7-% 0 e+ 20a +147 pi areca = [TT] |Solutions Chapter S Pressure reeds 27.8 in. Hg, -Asame the pressure readings comet and he Baroeter reds 101.8 Pa Conver al measrement 0 # coma et of wip Lai 4.696 psa TOLSRPS 4.77 pia forthe barometer 2738 Hg 14656 pia [a992iaHe 1345 pl forthe ending (Ube tank sat as han amospheric (Le. # vacuum) hen 1477-1845 = 12 psl is leptnate reading. In oter word, the reading i 1.3 pif vacuum but not 1.3 psi (reading of : 14711345= 13 psi Solutions Chapter 5 | © ttank seater than atmospheric presse then 14.774 13.45 282 pase legate reading, 1.3 psi isnot comet but he reading i ok. Bass: 262 in Hg vacuum 204-282 a He 1 a 92 m He O931=359) i Myf wm 6 srg) 29.92 in He ‘Vacuum Bass 51 pig Ope vaca sips 141 psi 735 mm He sm pee* 750 mm He 1), Assume the cometion tothe gauge reading is direty proportional othe {ug reading. The coreton 738760 tines te guge ening, and 51387760)" 49.3 pa 2) Analtemate covecon sto astume te needed eoretion sain Thethe concn te ed 70-3) ret 25 me The cond reading shouldbe $1251 (#22) = 50.5 pipSolutions Chapter Basie 31.548 _amospheric pressure + groge peer = absolute pressure 982-315 - ETS] Tel hi the tank key wil collapse ‘As the tak dns the pressure insiethe tank wil become mich es than the ‘outside pressure of Io; unless aii tin wil ole, The valve may ma et The pres of 50 psig is guage pesre Basis: 50.0 psig 2 ~ [T5 above smoapheri] (No) tnsuticent height Aemate solution can be obained by pelying Ap = i Solations Chapter § c+ pah+ pyshh=Py Pat pgh.+ pnb Py Pu Pe =p. p.8Ah-pih, peak = etn, ~padh= Babin,-9)) a. is elas: oxy Te ressire at Ais higher han he pressure a B. 46-091) |160 0 HE em Hg 1546/2957 HeSolutions Chapter 5 5.23 Bai: 20in He gauge pressure ont 18755 [92m He 43-948 524 Unis for gand p must be cm & cm? Pre Pressure a Presse a Pressures Pressure at 9) perme O0H-61fre) l= OT] 240 «aso [ea] » Bom PA800(Ou5)8 P4480) (090}8 (0x0) Pressre 4 1130) (Pn) (Pun) * (0m) F130) (Pao) (Pao) (Pm ]8-6(Poe P¥800 (040)8*8(Pua)8*6(0m)8-6(Pua)8 (Pao)8= meSolutions Chapters Bass: data given AL 2and3 the pressure isthe same nem sienonacooral’) conn, sothat +g thm +208 00 +0494) bon *a)=>. ais: Da genin ig nd rb terest “hs 7h A= —Pub 7080) se p= poh tie nf te CC i a ono aer at spe pe =1.958/ em = Pot Page Bo, FPA) thes, Per Pablth +75) Punt =Py* ate (= inches of war. Note phy = pay for wo difereat Mus exering the same r : Tose ae eatin net pa, Plot ra nit | | | =f FE dase Faw 9535 Prathy ince of 05 218.10 ho 199.7 +5322 [210m FEO]Solutions Chapter 5 527 Theyre: ee by te P= Pant Pago Pg Thepesue ite BE8Y Gr rg) 8 37 igh by (=) Wall: Dh = x(6mXI0m)= 251.3 m? Total area =301.6 m2 Vented are edd ~ O4108P2)"3O.6m") samt ‘Therefore, he ri [a ce fs iamne 0H0190) mee pa =646-3-200~ [ERT] pi) Salations Chapters Beene nn By m= 75 +P spuce963) somos =Potpetls + p06) dae TPO Path to) “IE spyosls Pa~Pa=@n.o ~ Paz 136.6)= | | (2977 -0.79)po40 cof36.5 cmff00 emf tug | tN | 1 a aah 531 gate he pres the tom of the wo leg ofthe manometer a he reference plone Lettnand eg posite poo, +(2.5+ 1 SKIS9O\OEI2} Nc, (136000 812)? Right hand leg pressure pu (15 + b(800)9.812)Nint Prey 5+ 1.158049 812) +8 (1360099 812)= pa (1.5 + 1Y800X9812), Manometer ResingSolutions Chapter 8 1532 Basis: Det shown in Figure a Spal. ee cote F a Pho Ase dees areas own (gprs tga cs) — P+ th Bap BBs = 185 a Ponty Paps Tepes us esis sal Poth —b iss 00m tale 1509-1669 = [pa Solutions Chapter 5 533. ais: 3.1 rn Mid am ud (.30-1.00)em H,0| Lin 1013 KPa [taetan astmkembooan” Alternate sluion PAtP uN —PetPeth Putt P= Pa=Pubh Paul Pgh, “Py 6H “Paull Py hlBAHrgs Py)‘The pressure at BG is ‘3.1 pig Om | = 324 kPa + 8 in oil -27 in Hg | Conve in oil and i, Hg to KP Pan 3244 159 91e [BSP]Solutions Chapter 6 Yes, The bleed asi: | minute [NACI balance: 025 (13,500) + 0.05 (26,300) 2.118 09.800) 4690 = 4696 ‘Accumalaion ig) Inka) ute) ‘The balances closely sted but ot eal, ee The closure i ood for indus protic. ag 20K “s Base on the poces measurements ther ar 5,00 lh mere flow forthe 204g\60 proces leaving th at exchanger tha he Feed rato the eat exchange: href, the ‘terial aloe fo the proses uid doesnot hse. The reason fortis screpcy ould be faulty flow sensor readings or possibly «ek ofthe condense o steam nto the Proce stream | vin | The Boss: 600 4g sain Ea Basi: | hour Accumlaion ig) _In outs nud = m500 0 veal material Balance ie aay uc a = 300 fo water evaposis in which cae es than 200g 76000 2 74000+ 38/00 = 108,000 wold rersin ‘The eworin he overall miei balances 2000 hho 1.94 therefore, the overall ateal balance is within th expesed err fr indus ow sensor. |pleaime: 07-106a00 2 0397 C4) (400 74200 2 73,778 +3400 7,178 G.8% ero) Propane tance: 04106,000 7 (0003974000) +09) (34000) Basi: he 31.800 7 222+30600=30622 (3.8% en) ‘Overall materia balance (kg: 1300+ 26,3002 39,800 "Note thatthe relative err fr the component blancs ae tice as lrg asthe elaine error fer the ovr msteral balance, dcating that thee is addtional eor inthe ompostion measurements sed fer the component balance.| Base: Dats shown on owsheet uns are MTA | o ou 25x 108 404108 mE x10 15x10 Torx 61x10" 36x10 100x105 90108 RzTex10) Reasons: (1) Some ofthe material was bumed fil (2) Some ofthe materi formed gases that were exhausted to aosphere ste a 30, CO (eosin measurement (4) Some proces seams ar ot shown 244500 toy. acon Sutton 230000 CCombunibes 3,500 CCombusibes 39.500 Polyetyiee 30,00 Polystyrene 5,000 Pe 40,000 les Solutions Chapter 6 Phenol 10000, ‘Aceon 5.250 Rubber 10,000 LG 24,000 ‘Aromatics 48,000 Toot 244050 Banc isnot exact bt very good for an operating pan. Base 1 week in(ons)=820-+06=9206 cout (on) 38+ 620+001 +001 +008-+1.14275+20~920 ra 900 DB. 3000 ‘Boundary: Around toh pumps and include the soil atthe end ofthe pipes nynopen system, Ite at stendystate except ot startup (aoe syst bundy iu enters, unsteady st uid) oF Biter open (ow) or closed (bath is acepable if explanation i given (©) ow — material comes in ad out cominuouly over 8 suisbly long period of tie (2) Sach — materi injected note sytem, and then in short period oft, a eacton occurs wth he sytem valve loseleone leased sas ‘The system isthe radiator. ‘Stow. sosem —siemySne Un ie x x X Afr tiling) (Aer flag) (Belo) (9) openityou have so replace water, and water evaporates; tberwise closed © omen bd Solutions Chapter 6 4 rant (2) Unsteady state foray asemptions ' - ee ye closed aru water ty in sytem because thee ad water ; ae {eee remain on meking oy tasted sie pe wSolutions Chapter 6 17 _fste overall ows in nd out over aime period for sever batches are Considered, andthe loca batches ignore the process canbe ated as coninuous 618) water and i (8) nsltion sr and what isin the stmosphere {@) Yes oold water, ot water out) Ye a0 | Ie resetion occu, some ofthe entering males wil be used p, and new ones Produced tat ent but id nose. 20 “The dest ofthe coytaline slicen nthe cylinder is 24 gem’ Basi: 62g slicon ‘The system isthe mel and there o generation or consumption. Let Am be the acura Accumulsion — Ingut_ = Ouput ‘am = 0 (OS(6Ds) Solutions Chapter 6 jon Bass: 100 bg wet sludge The system tthe hickeer (an open system). No accumulation, generation, or consumption occu. The total rebalance mow inokg ” Tigre oem CConsequenty, he wate amounts ~ € an Ir the overal flows in and out over aime period fr several batches re | considered, an he local bates ignore the proces ca be Weed as cotinous oC : : a | | 62 [7 tdepends on the roses of interest —no Bue anewer an be givenSolutions Chapter 7 Four balances re possible, 3 component pls | tot 0.108, +0.50F, +020F, = 035P 020F,+0F, +0.30F, =010P (.70F, +0.50F, +0.50F, = 085? Toul balance Fi + F247) =P (Only 3 ofthe equations ae independent you sos FP, W, you can aut al ofthe rear variables Unknown: [i] stream vaes FP, W (plus tvo composition ifyou ake into | sccount alofthe variable) “The wo known compositions ae no given but may be calculated fom 2, “wo compints exis ace wo independent materi alos aa be writen, | ‘he problem (senate unless one seam ale i secifed. [Na] The equations have no solution ~ they are paral! ins, “Tera of the coefficient matrix is oly | Becase the Rs Lt 2] “The anf the augmented matric is 2 Solations Chapter 7 ar 2 3} iotonder ru Largest on 2e0 det. of | ‘Thus although the 2 equations ar independent and tne mmber of varies is 2 (he neces conden) te suiient eondtons ae not met (5 +e Ui=0 2 sohions 3; “The eqtlon are inependent “Two ston exist can be sen from the plot Dece so unique sluon exists 14 Thenumber of independent equations is jus 3, The number of usknown ante 3, Rene a unigue solution i posible ns _—_—________Sotaions Chapt? Solus Chater? =e = [aes ] OF ROI + A030)- M0175 hs Se Tot) +030) = ta) ttt @ Fea!) tata") “Play red ce 10a!) 610") Iba!) [1 2 3 lank mini. @ FO) ¥A020) = Peal) (3 5 7hmkoangnet nani Je 10) +6020 = 169 | x roan slips et « | oe : hon Pee |b) IS. 4 9 13cotumnissumof Ist twocolumas.so rank is2. a a La 4 6) smotangneitmanini on boo | reaaea spe shies et Two independent materi alae exit (the rank of the oefcent mati 2). Ina thre sum of moe fction equation ext. The al numberof equations Shere the depres ofredom=-l. The problem is overspecfe, and will requ feast suaessotuton 16 (FF; (oF (ibe maximum can be more than he aumber of independent uations. — re amine he row of. None of the concenratos ae greater than the desi 50% 0 i) |r | 50% inet achicreble by any combination fA, Bor. Orlook atthe CHOW ie roto i i woo a} LEI nis ——— E oe ——__—— ——___ f PO : 19 Abe D ~ [ Ase Bats: D=10018 noe i wr=030 soo 0: 1 Cocticent matrix] $0850 KO | Sa i a ant © $0 to: 126 aknwens (4): 0.4.04. | 0 0 m0: uy L___Ssaions continsed hom enceSottions Chapter 7 { Ro aigae vation exis wih equation and variable A Teast uaes waion ‘ould be determined, othe 4 equations wid the moet accurate ta saved “The rak ofthe coefficient mati 3 ‘Therank ofthe augmented mate & en i a LU ° You can se by inspection that no combination of aks 1,2 and 3 wil give a mole fraction of 052 forthe mitre Basis: 250 moloftenk 023x +020m +054) = 025025) 0625 Thebalances are O36) +0334: + 027) = 0290.5) ©0575 Dain, +0A7a +0194) = 05228) = 1300 Teowtiennnaeiagmtentenaneucete | r= | = 6a 0.327 ‘The vaues of xyand 3 re not pial reliable! a Solutions Chapter 7 TL Number of unkown FW, Pand 9 compositions aunts ‘Specifications: x3, =0 Sum of mole factions = 1 Matealbalences apes) «3 Degrees of feedom = s You can make any set of measurements thu resus independent equations essing ‘ul acura) For example you cans use al he ow, oll the somposion im ‘one seam. ste resulting seo materi balance will mo consist ofS inependen, lunes, but les umber — an The inert are weated at «compound Unknowns: $ compounds 5 rams plus Steams 30 Equation: Speciation: ‘Concent not shown nding assumed where : Concentrations wih % given Eitkg Mater blancs: 5 Inpikitewstions 4-1) Degres of feedom (adits specification) ‘You mus make 4 measurements that rw indpendent unions No.Solutions Chapter Sotations Chapter 7 na 1 e aee | ee | + Rem TORING ATarRn tetera, | i © Basis: 100 mot A i 4. Unknown 4B: uations: Ny nd R material balances Basis= A= 100 ma ‘Now: You could wet the Values of Ras unknowns in each team, q td then tee would be 3 more wnseowras and 3 moe depenct fsustons (Eel or Em, "wal as ow) EAE Ne 1090.90) + B(030)= C105) R 1000.10) + B(0.70)= C1035), Toa: 10 +B =e ‘Two ofthe above equations ar independent S & Soluion: — B=7L4mol C=1TLA ml ae oat. ater 2518 Wier fat or mat or tise Sy nb ‘The DT is the alaoe ofeach ream. Basis: F~ 100k Vninoens: F.W.P OR FLW. P,DT!,DT*. DT, 4.0 uations: Eatin Basi) F= 100g F= 100g Material Balsces: Water, DT. Maer Balances: Water, DT, (otal); 2 dependent (oul; 2 independent Speatestion: 3 for water Implicit equations: 3 of Zo, =1 Degrees of feedom = 0 Depress of feadom =0 Irtzoducing he specifications and basis nto the material balances Water (201)100= (1)W = (OOK DI. (@0)100=0 +0914)? atiecament Tout 100= W +P Wensig PSolutions Chapter? ‘Basis B= 100 mot Unknowns: ‘Assure ll ofthe varias except hoe tat re pid a zr re ‘sceamvacable _componcatvaabler Material balances: NCH Cl Speifd : nx/ton = 13 Speed values ofa: 2 +1 +0+2= Implicit oqusions (x = ia) (Note: the ipl eqtions of seams FA, and Bare redundct with he specications) Taal estes of edom = ____More information is ees to solve te problem uniquely. Solutions Chapter 7 116 Here are some possibilities. Consult he bless the end of ihe Chapeformare suggestions 1. Rophrase the problem to make sre you uderstand it? 2. Draw a simple diagram of what was bappening” 3. Think abut what was going ite the tank and what was coming out? 4 Imagine youself inside te tank, an ack what wis going on aud you? 5. Adewither there were any pyc! nwt conse (cha eonscraton ‘of mater or ener)? ‘Tey to imagine the answer as a number, graph table or whatever? ‘Tey wo Sdn eset vibes? Choose notation? Lok for ready-made forma for the answer? oak for simpiying assumptions? Try to ind near version ofthe robe? ‘Look or bounds (simple model tt would finely undeestinae or overestimate the sewer)?Solutions Chapter 8 100 evapo | ‘nial =a) aap | cosamer "Tg ™ S | war seks 02s Woke 100% 100% CCocumberbalnce: —G02P-001(100)=0 > ig) Aver ea fet [| rl i Anes aune5(8) -S6)= TSS) renese $B 8) as Solutions Chapter & Sim: Bais i vn (20001) shade Sina 1.2.3.4 Sige Dried Sludge 47080 F—~— 03511,0 Salis w 075 sae mm eras Ho. 0 Siena: Bais: 2000 F Bae: 110 sons: PW Sho sn Soi 2000030)=7 (0.75) P= 800m ‘w= 2000-800:Solutions Chapter 8 Destin | be Ho 20a, Howse, Sens Gant? Usinouns: a ands witht eats we and B60. Depes of ieioa= 0 Sena? (©) Oban: 220m 215 mL = |S} Uridine 2800200, _ ma Dit: 1500 $= 1505 mL ier 141 Coneninion: 1/905 = Ta) Solutions Chapter 8 Mo 9m ‘Senf Uatoowns 2: PW Sip: Belaces2: NOH, HO, wa of 3) Ste 82: Tost: 2=W+P NAOH: 2(03)=P(18) Ton eau)Basis: 3000 of poet Sins nd Unloowns: A nd: taline: a and poker Taal A+S+500°3000 Palmer 024450390 A=sc4o= [Eo] 82300-1700 fi “Treat problem sa sendy ste ow rote or ar anon ae a Stem Are ow en Solve to gst MBN 100% Fab) P1001 Ot rae PO N 005s S O95. Toe SupS: Bais: 100016 P ‘Steps and 7: Two unknowns, F and M, Two bane canbe made, N and, Stosslands N:—F(0055)+44(4.00}=1000(,008) S$ — FE.085)+(0) 1000.92)Mot. ton Wage cx, Syen [-_— te notin Molt a0 Peon 30 100 en, O50 fe_030, a Basie | min 100g mol F To geP, calculate fist the average mol. wt of FandP, or transom the role tos to mace reins Basie 100 mol F Mai Mw is os ne 920 08 Basi: 1.00 mol P Mal 050 230 100) ooKgmolr| 16keF |0.20%gP| tkgmolP TookgmolF| Tigk |10.01KgP Sottions Chapter 8 P=272 kg mel [ste 6.7.8and9 10409) = 2720050) ,} 120506 | wecell THO 25% cell, leas 1000 mF, 1000. in fermen] —_Gem'cet | Ligeet | 25gsde Poe toc ale (1a ai 700ea aermeie)Seltions Chapter 3 Solutions Chapter 8 fon stale tty molt ire it campo eit (CH (Ch (oy wnofin-snee | lec A.B. Crepe repent molt sch mit ee knowns —_ 025440390 +055¢=030 (Cy ace a vot | omy a ar ossa+0200+000¢ 030 (Ct tame 8 SS heme | 040k +0480 40056040 (Cy alae S4085C=040 ib Lease EP saya i ain te feo nb me) cs settee, (EGR E=SST—O=BOS bcos Bist mn spond pepe ef mi y Deng econ A, {oxo Uno: FP 05 rt ste spon ba ate wl See me ‘rin Gumi ne cee — a (CH: F(L00)+ A) P09796) cos F @ +220 (00204) P= 11141 met lb. Redo the problem wth new compasion for F cH, 099 0; 901 100) (continued)Solutions Chapter # Cs FOR) + O)=P OO) =3820 nin Co, F001) + 2.72=P 00204) | sao ror 2520-174 99» San 1007 Be] Ny. 723 kgm or 12 min |sups: Basis | he Pipcine [PAY nit (sien: Unknowns i hors: 2 a tat {susan |sups: Basie | min Be FO+10 (000012); P=833 10 he Ko: F(00)+0 = pu1-00012) [sep and7: Twourknown, F and P. Two balances cas be made, Nand gs cerest Tm You can use heal balance ae subatite, Tos! F+T23=P. Nay F (+723 P(0.00382) EWC] [FTG ooiginin or La Check using the gus balanceB16 Step Bass: I year seme 2 F-1» ——+| [—§<» reissue rer ver pn eam i vc am va he (pe) Stead [Two unknowns: F,W ‘Two'balances: PET, PVC Stand: Per tance ——F(O0)=P (00000) = 15 «10k PVCbalmce: ——-F(02)=W (L00)* P@ceapi0) Ws (18 x C10 ‘Totabelace coud be usd ie fone of the shove Feiss 1t+w From PET: We (133 x 10h (002)~15» 10°10) = GE) 12 153% 10 Jats jo Selaions Chapter 8 Basis, 30 ginal sokton MW Ne, $0, 1010183222 4 Mw gol Ou ean) NaS0, 100 1420s 0708 Na,S0,-108,0 100 O30 HO | 20 W801 i110 Maral ann ing mol = ot mm 2% NaSO¢ 0704*0510 Mem, Mang “OI SST HO 110=0310(10)+ Mo Myo AD MAL Moteur: [ReS0, WRG and HO TP scm Hon acalen pr cpRalTTOO Raa a] | Toa 838 20007 100 300 solsion |Solutions Chapter 3 16 Assume steady sate ow problem (alta is unsteady sat batch probiem) pn sono Fe Bue Te 8” tae Calsntcomosians Bsc 10m NiBs10140 lM, th weno, My aty es Das: 20 10100 5 80, Uainwas: FB ise NBO HO s020; 100-PesmH F029 i Toa: 0smo=P-F Use 1,0 and Toa to geP= 155 Sgand F= M45 @ 1555 a rio: !55 90) = [578e Na B,0,110081,0)] Sp 100) = Sig Na 8.0100 Solutions Chapter # (Check we Nasr 1000" 1000 sume he roses i dy ste one without actions. ns 2.3 nt |__.. reciy2six0 Fel, ton Fecheno 2032 Fechio, iao2e Fech2sHo 30126 Ho. ism Caleaatte compotion fru eon compound. Fe the simplest we. FeeFi; Bais 1g ml FocF: Bais: hg mo Fec,-64,0 Foci, 80 Som MWg tem MWg rec, wan Kan kaa Ho’ 6 a3 103 Ig ForP Bas: 1 kg at teal rect, i Ho 25Settons Chapter 8 Solutions Chapter 8 | Sun Baie 000g PCL as Uniaowns PF SoA. Boe) : ws (a) (a) =f ; va | 0 25587 | — See eee oe ae | The proces can be viewed ata unsteady proces without easton, or a flow proces | sips: Take as ahasis 100g of Be(NO> Sens f ‘The maximum solubility of Bu(NOs) in HO a 100°C i strated solution, 34/100 i Of HO. Thus the mount of water equed st 100°C is 10 gH.9 NON), «54 24,0 HgBaN0,, {the 100° soliton is cooked wo °C the BatNO,) solution wil sil be sured 0 that the compsion ofthe final sohtion is mas: | 5 Wom: 2-00 BANOO Tees (comme)Solutions Chapter 8 100. Ms 100 oss aa iors “Tae composition of the crystals is avons 22; 0s Hho: ct -oo3es iver ‘The composition ofthe origina soation it BuNO; 100g HO Bag Stns 6an 7 \Werhavewo unknowns, Fand Cand can make wo independent mass balances shat the problem has aunque solton, Ste 8 and 2 Transport though ‘Bnlnce ‘Finalsoluion ‘nol solution _—_—boundar ont) BuO); 0.0476) 100 = 09615, Ho: F095) 2341 = -co038s) Toul F o0+2 =e Solve the Ba(NO;) anal Balance to get F=m052_ CH 88898 Siep10 Check usng he water balance 305 2(09824) 298.17 -8,85(0.0385) Solutions Chapter 8 aa=342 ‘The Ba(NO tht precipitates out on dy basis is $699 4002615 BAO) GET FHATO] Tee, EBA On Mew 950 «182 . MEO Yo sda IBNe8,0, 51,0 county nw Binet Beaty wae NaS.0; 51,0 eats ‘ey sd. ol cysts Na,0, 5H,0 0.1% impurity died orale Bast: 1 Bo! NapS:03:$ HO, impurity fee Com, tbmel malt = bh tit cr aa 1a 1 ost Ho 5 8 0 0385 Toul 5 m 1.000 (consinues)Soletions Chapter 8 Basis: 10018 D Oies:0x 5 H:0= 99.9 8) Some. 2 NaS: 990612) ou #0 oyosss) = 88 impariy 0.1 Tout 100 ‘SeeamC —_Lety= 1b impuriy/1001b fe water in strted soition Bass: 100 Tb ry crystal, impr fee Woman ¢ —Iomating st comm, sa fusin iw» Tol ce em cea eee) is \240 + 9/ 240+ 9! 0 me) ae (884) inpciey _ oles) (ats . 240 +9) 240+, Totals 100.0 . 106 SreamS Basis: 1001b fe water in sad son, puri fce Como Ibfomslibfomfoewner Teal aiff atta NaS: 1461.2) 8568. ss7 0357 SI ee Born 10, 14038.8)=5432 100 1543 0.683 aa 0-9) Teas oe BOD Solutions Chapter 8 jr tae om Ctr en enn ie ri, Wc fon Tou 100+ W, =8+C 1 | UnknowneW..SCy | Uitnomew.scx “ ' raat Hp sew, cl | ‘Benson ntl nd awl besa anh exis Tuk Cae NaS,0, a Tout (equations and 6 unknowns "Note that te compen term involving y canbe elimianed o solve for D, Wo, W, and, ieuin (Continued)Solutions Chapter 8 fect making al NS 02 and HO balances overall the process. The sohuion of =D] (ORETT Bass: 1001 pulp as recived b= __ Sup0|20 TE Fei ToT Lm 100 520000 Assume ar ded pulp means th 12% mise pulp. 3B pup|i2mH,0 | (sie pup Allowed water= oss 4,0 Pulp on comract basis = 78+ 1065 = 88.45 1b Basi 1 tm pulp as recived coat = #865 12% pulp a shined S00 {001 sinp Vien You pay fer soap pus transportation, Bass: 100k sup with 30% water Comer Soap in wet soup to soap in dy soap. Dat: ‘Wet soa) 30K nis 1008s Soup lance 070W=095D or 0.7000) =0550 DTS. kgf which 7g insmp Cost o Wa your site (contining 70k sop):_100(8030-+ SEF 83608 Cont Da you ste conning 0kg soap 73.68 ("5 08 frase) lazz The problem beret decide onthe lances o make Nota wil be indept jsinces. [sie L.2. and I (comtiued)Solutions Chapter 8 F= 1008 Hi) Mas se ie niga ce ons H,0 0126 natal VM 0.1665 rym) $83 Costs eb Ou: Mast. Mass 000 0 “o107 ™o YM ayy Raw € ES Ash Oo Baw ° lus Bale F100 leas trtaves: mya. tarmeman Pt (6) Jue? Baers HO. YMG AS Ea.= mya? =0.10 tmelP 010. (dey 6 edad ben an low TaORNTHOR— = ma Hai) 00016581008) = ama em: — wosrenesm = me Jabee) 100001354) = at 100+ - oF 35 mgX BSL (conti) Solutions Chapter 8 [Not at ofthe equtons have tobe writen down a above. Noe that ash siecle {oP that the ash alone gives 100(0.135)+HO)=P(010) P= 13S and mya 35% from aaa balance He 100? [spo Check va HO balance saan 9)Soletions Chapter 8 la23. Sep: Basis | hy suns. 3 and Sins and: {rere aero unknowns, sd we have 4 independent equations, bt the precision of neasuremeat is ot the sein ach equation, bence deen resus are obtxned [spending on the egetons ne. Chore the mot scat tse —_____ou_| cx 001995806) Tom ie 9570+ 00118 ne 0.0090 + 0.9768 cr 018 Tos D+B lcs lars Solutions Ch seo abalone: ka moldey 2992=0975(5904-8) +0011 B Bical Use a= a.Ca ines: worm 2667 = 0.009 5804-8) +09768 Dasa [The other wo blancs give stetgeifociigonc| tam. yy Ht r ToOKginalF [TOM kgmoIC, |cst ana ie cement Signet ose late” 20 gm ay ftps 1.2. 3.and 4 |Assre the ote components have he same density a water in al ows. 3785 106Liday 150mg BOD la 5 mgt popA BoD=7=x 03m is Basi 1 ay (contimed) | |ieee soaxio"L day see [pop massa anf an00 nf 00 ao }zg00D 2892 10 kg +3785 x 105g = C= 29705 107g Sx 109 A+ 15010 B=xC 3107A 419010 B SAI 410) 9150 ONS A) ETT] 29708 10" a ] | I vist | or | fToaLmssinlace A+B=C éylA Utigh taf Lg _ ida Cg jay] CT Feel fay 1 530. 1M4g + 15.8 1064g=C= 5458 «108k [pO mass Balance fx104+N<109B=5x 10% sto" r 2n10%gB00 | tif tfne 10% Idee U T las} ry Sx10°C-3110A, Is B _ SIO YEAS 10-810 ET TOTETT) oe 1sex107Soltions Chapter 8 oo Weta Wak ony anim tas The exrator issued oe a steady state process. = cot Simi L.23.a044 All ewe dts have een plied nthe gue a ore s7Ct +10C% =97085)CF + 100Cy Scent (ric sean) Waste (aqueous steam) [Pinal Eyer Trem we ee 2 OE ween — ceuset Seer ee A fe Onn, Balas ut set b oileg _ @ulPe cae eeeSolutions Chapter 8 NH, xi, A) sp ks 5 7 pi nest TI XH, Biggs = St : Sokg Fm) Tor way HE 1 X90 70 Basis 10h fence, we have an adequate numberof balance (ules some arent independent to halve te poblr [tsn4: (revised) Find the moles of F by geting the average molecu weight of. Basis: gol ‘|e 7. and Thee compound alae canbe made, Np NH, and 8. Oneretaonis | Solutions Chapter # mete Mw assis) hws 0.10 v0 103 Is 090 reo 3500 10 5903, 1000 ig gn 7170, oo beaten) Teste | ~___ ow __| (8) bg ol 0.10(97.171) + Ws ‘ [sasmen:aiocszin) + oon as- SE, e@wmey: 0077) + OUI) MWS a0) fsa: 011000) + 1000 —)5 4 9AM shasta, = L00 of, 401.00 INoandS are tie components. Let x, [Thea ny, +f, =A and my, +m [sme9: "A toa balms a 100+ 000i abt 0, py cen bevsedintevofeneorthe nore alee, a At sagt gh 8 (consid)Solutions Chapter 8 [SSR et Brordes Hg] (=n |Note: The se of xustions can be simplified bysubtiion Solutions Chapter # asi, 2 hours ‘The proces i ilstrted in the gure wera, | 9. MIBE | TBE mas f= 1.00 ‘The MTBE eiving the pond in 12 hous is 10 em |a72 ga 19g TRE TL (Vem? |Tggnoline ~ "7% ‘The pond holds ignoring the MTB in the pond which ineligible) nal oepmorgto arena Tm #0 ‘The inerese inthe concentration of MTBE isSelutons Chapter 9 Solutions Chapter 9 _ ‘ Problem Basis ner ‘ . Seagci 592 pAgNOS on BaCly+NigS04 4 BaSO4+2NaC} ‘ SgNsNO) 10.08 AgNOs a SpAgNO; L721 gNaCl Mowe: 2083 14205 7024 seas . SpAgcl 2otgnact ci STBNANO; 3.44 1B NaCI a Bass: 0 gNeS04 & SIbAgNOy —-AZIBARCL aie ms » Sib Nacl 1227 agcl fxmpie SENSO4. sel, 80,f Lema Bo, PRS AC i SWAN, ‘GEBARGL 12.05 Na, SOJT ¢ wel Ne,SO4] gol Bs y3 Base: Ion dolomite I 93 on dk | » SEBeSoy sa7g Bach (C2003-+ 12804» 64504 +1404 ‘Assume complete . SeNsCl 891 gach, eet ae é SeBach 341 gO « S—BsS0¢ 3.088504 MyCO) + 3504+ MaS04 + 20+ COp f STbNAC! ——GORTB NSO . Steals ‘$0 99280, . t ST)NaS0y 21 IB BS ome, * bake t SWNaCI 998 b BaS0g cao rs 13601000 Mgco3 » oa — SO; a a ao | AgNO) +NaCI-+ ACI NANOS sal co =n wn Mol.we: 16989 S8AS 1423 8501 20.7 rola mol COpprodesd| 44 Ja. Basis 5.0 g NaCl + apie | Trot rect — [Ti5mat C0; ~ BIE TS COy] i mol Naf! &mol AgNO 169.89 g ARNO, 7 mol H,S0, rad 98 H,S0, ed 8.45 gRaCIl I gmat NaCl || pmol AENO, ton dolomite motreact [TmoleH,S0,p4 BIL80,Solutions Chapter 9 oa The balanced equation: 3 AnS: +410 +28 HNO}=28NO + 6HsAS0.+9 #580. ond the reaction i unique win lative proportions. b, 2KCIO+4HCL=2KCL+2C10,+ C1; +2440 jor KIO) +6HCI=KCI 4301 4310 Jor AKCIO,+ OHCL =3KCI+2C10;+4Ch +5140 We classy these ection at nom unique snc they are nt spy proportions suena ney naapnen snd init pono obinshy Jos Basis: Daa given in problem tenet 7 Fe 1 pmol Ft pmo X,0,| 2 pmol X Te saiatel Zenit (Tem, |i ete gest | ego 1 8.87 ae] 2 gmat Fe |Tget¥,0, |r anol0 Tel Solutions Chapter 9 956 ais: Data given in problem statement | 1en2IC [2005 94s ge rel C0; gk Smee pt Smt a oa ee ear aaol pate a 06349 g C.H,0,-0437¢C-0031¢4g H=0.166150 Based on 0: £16120 gmalO , ROUSE RIO aro 1 [i605 "cates ora ae ame -Ssemtc <3 gmotth aves gm on mt Te foul in integer is thosMassofhydrate 10407 Massof ry sample 95208 Masofwater 087s SREB em B90 ott, 0887 HON ESIH2 «56455 gt. 0 {inca gio BORE 09,02 H,0 fort Bal, Tash yates Ba, 21,0. Basis: 2g mat fmol w= 7248+ 96176 2emot 176eL 1 dem ptt Solutions Chapter 9 29. Basis: 2000 tn 93.2% $04 day) 20s 053 $04 99H S04] tel _| sons | ee SO, at Sof ants cE} | 1 Smal 04 321000, om - wo P SHons Twat [ion moi0, 223 Be OD 7 | moet, 181000 Sion’ 1 Tmo [Ton mol,0 Mw. be Bases 1 Bey 2Be 1B, 2 +0 4201+ Be Bes + C4 GHB 2 1879 stot seawater aE gE ‘Worbreewsie] bb, mole, [1 mole] 709 Cl [5991 BrJt mole Br, mole, x10 seawater pe a Rane TE sea] snot Be_|t mol 59.9 | 1 mol Be, Tel GH85Solutions Chapter 9 Las Mw Mw FeS04-7H,0 F719 FSH 189 © ‘ " 0 Zn 1 ° “4 FeSO, 4H;0 239 FeSO, 119 Iti best to evalue the tree types of ferous sult inte ofthe cosvon of FeSO4 ‘Yes, the equation is balanced Bass 475 tom materi Fs$04-7H, by Basi 15g 250 a $83,766.25, LS kg 2a0|1000 ¢ 250] gol 200]t prot DEZ} 1234 =DEZ Fe ESE ea session FSO, 740 whichis ego oar 8176.35 ots vez 279 ton FeS0,-71 - AO kg DEZ _ are DIZ] a Tee wt FeSO, i000 g bez ~ EEEEE PEE I {on mol FESO, «393 on es 4 22! oft. g H0|L0 gmol Ho}. gnol Dez|I284 4 Dez {or aot FeSO 323000 FeSO, OF 180 g H,0 [5 gmot HO] gol DEZ F804 40: age) $323 [1519100 FeS0,] Hon mol FeSO, [1 oe m0 FeSO, 48.0 {on FeSO] on mot FeSO, | on mol FeSO, -4H,0|223 9 ton FeSO, 48,0 = [EDT FOAL] F:80, 1,01 $323 151.9100 FS0,| 1 ton mol FeSO,_| on mol FeSO, {on FeSO7|1 ton mt FeSO, | on mol FeSO, -H_O1169.9 on FeSO, H,0 =m FSO.)0 2 ° Solutions Chapter J043 Thereactionis Cato +6403» 4CO, +580 Basi: | mol Calo : Minioumn 0, 2 (LFL) (seo tsopce contain 1.9%) 650) p34 Baie 1 1 ston= 6008 10 B | soams)igmoinsh gma oct? 5 Hoc}oogHoc wt itgeid 3118 Tt rwoins bpm SHOOT | Wnel. Tat | You cn use the density of 0 forthe density ofthe softon athe HS comet has eile eect o the dnsiy Solutions Chapter 9 1NagCO3 +Ce{OH,)-+2NsOH + CC, Basis: | ton of sda sh (Na,003) {ton Na,C0, 1 ton mol Ns,CO,| 2 ton mo N9OH | 40.0 ton NaOH 106 ton Ns,CO, [ton mol Na,CO,|7 ton mo! NaOH 0.135 ton NaOH | | | $130__[1 ton Ns,CO, TTA Tron NaC Ten NasO0,] 0.755 NOH = Tae above result i forthe case of fee OH.) . Others, the value rust be redcedt | compensate forthe cost of tie CA(OH;) ~ which ight come from the CaCO, produced, snd possibly be cheaper than Ca(OH) purchased deySolutions Chapter 9 9.16 Basis: 1 kg dehorobenzene (DCB) The balanced stoichiometric ration for dchlorbenzen is shown below: GAC) +650,-+600, +1,042HC1 Therefore fr | kg of ichlrobenzene the following moles of HC are produced eg C81 tg mol DCB kg mol HCL |2KEmoL HC! 6 ors6ig met CI Tag DCB IT ke mor bcb 16M The belated stoichiometic escion for terachlorobiphenyl ia shown blow GAKCL, +1250, -912€0, +H, +4 racer for | Mofterachlorobiphony (TCD, the flloming moles of 11 are | produced Basis kg TCR Lig To) bg mot TCH seg aol HCH DOE TCR |r kpmor Tew "O18 MEM HE! | thas, the amount of ai produced does not change sigan (1%), and nether wil | he amount of bas required for newalizaton Co Solutions Chapter 9 joa Basi: 10 1 moles phosgene For phosgene: 182 [Brame eg Reese) = TT) 3-00 [Baal Bast: 135:mah CH,Solutions Chapter 9 Solutions Chapter 9 je19 2FeS +30: ~+ 2Fe0+ 280, 9.20 Basis: 1080 bate 27s 6 MW 8785 Bass: Use 10 sag |A}0\13H.$0,-6A1(80),#34,0 SAB ALO,I BROIALO, «55st a0, | 00 bvte|10L9 1,0, | 5.57 reacting moles was 0228 1B 60557 reacting moles 9-10 457 mating mol |AL:0- isthe liting reactant and H,S0. isthe exces reactant ssmownn on Basis 2000 % A1SO4 2000 AL, (60, | 8st A1,S0)4| Lb mt ALO, ®.1 TAL, ($0,) ma A,80,), 1019BALO, Hb 9 poe ibesntotfsseete, 8 223 00 = (1Solutions Chapter 9 921 Basis: 100 kgof fasion mass BaS0, + AC + BAS + 40 |com. Witeeks MW emo Bis, 2833 0a Bas ma 1300 c 9 no 16 Ash 22 169 B2SO, ay, = 0.0196 + 0.430 0.4776 mt ug: 1164 (0430)=2.8 mol Caton i the ining resto Needed for complete rettion = (0.4776)= 1.9104 a 0" amounts of etn ‘You could cleulatethe exten of eacton fom he aS and weit to gt the origina | Solutions Chapter 9 i922 cO+CI:~ COC Bass: 20g produ geal ons. ke ohms Clin Cin che 300 cock 10.00 oon co 022 3st 143 (male ¢) Cathe ising estan; CO isthe cre cat oasi-018 (0) [RSET S101 0) = ROTH, el] 1011 kgm COC, sagSolutions Chapter 9 ozs Sin “Te molecular weights note to solve the problem andthe xm roe forming Soneonent “kg “Mola “mo Shs 065033071766 Fe 020 © Ss85— 4476 eS 020 = as Bs 791, the proces is iuseate in Fig. P.19 Figure P19 [Ss: Basis: Da given in problem sutement (0) ond be Limiing reactant, we examine the cherical ection equation, The ‘io oF Sb 10 Fe the equations /3 = 033. Inthe sca ection the ‘onesponding rao 17664476 ~ 0.395, hence bythe exces react and Feistheimiting reactant. The SbS required woreact withthe liming reactant i 447613 L422 gl ‘The pecnage of exces reactants Hexen = 6-1 cay RESET) o @ Solutions Chapter 9 ‘hgh Fes he ting reactant, otal ie Wing rant rects We an ‘amp from the 164g wel of Sb bow much Fe actly does react 1.64 p00 S63 BOF 55 got re Beanotse “8 by the fntionl degre of completion it neant the fraction convenion of Fe to products, then Frctinal degre of completion = 246 035 ‘Lets assume tha the percent conversion refers the SbSs since the reference compound is ot pei in the question posed Let p15 1861S, 549 gmt, ss caoenin ofS, 84 28. The yield will be stated as ilograms of Sb frmed per llogram of Sh Sy that was fed the reaction orgs _ [0S] Dao Sb, [1 H,Amount of hyérlnd: “otal pron ens24 some Tel is 100k A og eNO 9 gm cg NOS em CBLNO| 3 mC Pra Sresens Pgoscaaoe arose + (6S incon eal conversion) Selaions Chapter 9 o Nis 713 kg mol 20000 bs C| [ENE cog; kg $96 sg mol NM gro CH, 0,95 kg mol NH 113k CH,O,N ‘Sky anol NH, 100 kg mol ed ig mol C,H,0,N OR]: Solutions Chapter 9 Solutions Chapter 9 are [patna who baw | [er ras | TB mal "°° ] | es 200% Fd male =2149 bootFe [ees eee | [a Theoriat C= 1839 FeO PETES, «255 mol FO | 100 ¥e£0420008 0)! baslFeOs | sBmle_[12%¢ or er Ser [sree Pee 8 Mot ba: Females | f(s 5 op EET |p, Luenes0] 1200 | tomot Fe |) mot Fe,O4 159.718 FeO, | TonFe,0,pS85bFq Th mole [Th wolFeD; [= 172016 Fep05 recs 20 100 = [RETR Fey | ABD 100 = 5H FED] bon Fe, 20 a oh were BeviFeO | Pmt COl 28800 smc 1 wimatFe]3 8 mol CO} 281CO ogy g S588 B Fo]? Bl Fe [TB eee Toul (35.62 00+ 9024 1 CO) = BHT OD) | ey L20FS01 200m Fe | mame [ Bat c 12 BC Tose; BSS BEE ea PPS aC LenFe0] iw m0 |paviFe0 | Bac [126 To Fe, LS BFSOP Biol OST 3871+ 153 = OER 16 Cw Ho FeO]Solutions Chapter 9 928 ly +2Na0H +» NaCI+ NaOCI+ HO MW: 710 4001 SS 745 180 ones naif hsaon: A Ionel (0286) 1.99 ot (@A19¥-1= 120 (minima) Bho NsOM in exes, b, Yoress Naor = MOTNAOHL nS (199) biol NaOH | [0.01 8 NaOH) 59g) (EEE Eee NAOH] (ism sont ‘aol Cl, wb tore orb = 20. eae e. Degre of complain = (EB eng oes AHC140,—201 280 sas 3271018 esis 100 mol gas mol 4a e098 396 ws (unxissy 20 1000 (The Ns balance gives the O> 813.8. Colette exten of ration for complete ection Foc Ct 2-88 (ee im) For 0s ) Gimtetmigmcan) = 0) Men = 10 +Solutions Chapter 9 dee of completion = (99 tom (41.0) 0.90 extent of rection ¢=!24=2- eating ols 5:30 Bais 30 a1 OO, 1 mal CO, 35 mal HO ed Th 60+ 1,0 * CO, +H; a wD Solutions Chapter 9 oa £09 (fo each mol of Hy produced, 1 mol CO resets) 1 ig fol H,I2016 kg H Lig mt 1,0 [kg mot HDS kg mol Ol TR kg HO CET 1 mot of CO, i padved fr cach mol oH, 2 Bo Se TE mg, 2C)H,+0, 92¢,8,0 For 100% conversion of i soning tection}: 2 mol CH, / time a Fr rection Lal oume 9 135.00 GHtine “Ooo ncame change Bass: 1001 meyer Gl) tons ae Ince fn Gay: 7 CHW 93~36.048065) 41.89 H+, +C\H,+CH, «a Hck DeceseinCiis (5 -26)(822) = -038 Gilly HH, +6, CH, Expense cage erase) Chang incntjt s: (00-0085) (825) = 013 Net change: a Toe ini selesiviy i: HICH, = 0.7 ands The munke of males ef alt inthe basis merc, Sa 0993 ho [20.11 CH, Beat 0) GH. +(0G,H, 0833 GWG 07 vith he res dom C= 0400 Gi, 0343 Fate selesivyof 2 theres ee cot =0489 Gi, -0370 Te caalatasdinche pectin cae is teat Selon 0f 07 — imoeem, Selec of 08Solutions Chapter 10 103 Basi: mol A Ana 50 percent conversion gives the produ: A oS, 20 uu (8) Mole fection A=05/20= [33] (©) Extent of rection 02 Assume assay se dow prces wi reason Sea Bai SeosJ.2.3an4 H@rSHICL @)>SiepeHICK®) hr (6.2 kg mal F622 kg mol J Woke mot) UCL ‘IHC, Xa, Ms 0.225 oy H, Mati ma Bac Solutions Chapter 10 rer Semi: Unknowns: WP, 3n, Step: Balances: clemen: lances ae H, SiC, 9, = W, ny, W (Or, sing the extent of ection . Hekemoty 6.2(0580%2)+040(1}= 4 has, + (2) Bass sing € [nu ~(0ssoy622)]=(-146) SiHCI,: [ag ~(0420K622)]=(-146) HI: [ys =0}=(03K5) | [nc -0] cng)Solutions Chapter 10 Species balances Ieappers tobe cabo balance Sip L.2.3.and 4: Tosolve this poblm you mus recall that 'HsSOsto form CaSO, nd tht CxCOs hen bated yells COs ad CaO whereas when (CaSO4 is ete tthe ame met des no decompose. Although the problem seems 0 | beundespecite, when you daw a dizam ofthe process and place the known dat on ‘the station becomes Clearer Assume the prea steady state open one With ‘exction. Then he element laces re st n= owt. you us the extent fraction, you make species blancs. Note we ae designed he compositor oP and Anes af he mss of och component mf, ue an tas aro obese cole mas he | sone or pcs batne ner eos proc sch 8 OP). ‘The COs liberated from the shige i equtaloet 19 {1bCO,|11bmalCO, 1 molCaCo. 100.09 C2CO, owe #410, | ImoiCo, | TemelCscO, 0227 WCACOwtOP Solutions Chapter 10 Hires ® 1,50, We Yoomen Ho 0, ass » Feed) » a 80, mt, cco, 095 inet, ion 005 rw sso Bln. 9207 Sica Thevainbes whoever sreunkpown aA, mi os | ta mbasP, Was ¥ a alo Seo The cement bales ttc be made fC, C0, 5, ner (6) |sttnetnowtin'= A, / Pan fan /P) 022 rata ie | eunions are independent, we an find ig ston, ‘Siepi8 and: The equations (in = ou) re (except ote inert Balance which isin) invmoes (cominSolations Chapter 10 £ [Gq BRGCO tomers, [Th moi 100.085 CsCO ib mol CAC, tle BOSCO hmoICaC0,|_tbmoIC_ foo opi» Caco oma Cac, q hee W880 | omaiCa$0,| toc 36 sia0TbmoicaS0, (¢, D9SIHCHCO,| 1 mol C0,| 11 maIC__¥ m1 CO_11 moIC 00.09 CaCO, met Caco, 71 ot CO, so, CHO, {Ib wot CACO, |_1 mot : 100.09 b CaCO} 17> mol CCO, «¢ Mew!¥H:S0,|1m mot #,S0,|__1 moIS ST (908 S07 mol HS, BCs once, |e | mia, BESO ~ Miia tpaelug i016 #,0] [8.0850 LO |_tme mein Fb H,S0, ‘pio BHO mott.0| 119 mol 1.016 H,O1i 116 molH,0] 1 mol Bilbo! C1004 118 mot CaCO, ioo,09 1 CsCO,| 176 mol CACO, ha, BH.SO) hsmaiso| emeio mol HO 1H 3m moo. tomo! Tibmol 1,80, Solutions Chapter 10 - tio HieHO| bmelli0 | Tbmoid i. 016168, 0f Bmolt,5 | _ YomiC0,| 2h m010, : imeico, eo, seo yma Caco, io. 09630) | bea, 1bCaS0,| ttmeicaco,| stomato_ | TB41SCSCO, |7TomolCSS0, } MBH motto | mo | T8016 HOT mols 6 Inert SB fer= m1 ine ‘The soln ofthese equations using computer code would ive all of the alas of the unknown qunies, However a review of the set of equations, afer baving ge ito {0 ge the desired answer, namely the Cs alae the in =P, and he net balance plus | eg = 0227 bo, ¢ ag 45* Pm 2cy (0207 ce 0949 = 0.010 mo, + 00073482, SRE at 2Sotations Chapter 10 em “This OuS doom ect This ca steady tate open proces with reaction. Stan: Bais: 100g ml P Stop and 7: Unkaowes: aggsA,G,Y Element balances: §,0,N, Ca ‘Step. and 9 Balances ate in kg mo on the ements Neal) GC) + 0072 (100) 021) =.) +100(0072 + 040.081) VC) 10010847) Solutions Chapter 10 er Solution yes ink mol} G~ 181, aog=Y=9.01 1s mo1S0,| tls m8, gan of cs that ret goes $0] Tama Caras) mS ‘roms yous te eaten you neal wre dow he ced ectens 08+0, 400450, () 50,+!9,550, @) Stns and 7: ‘The uskaowns: 4 above ps § nd & Balence: 6 species balances Stent and 2 oo oe) ° Me OE) room = noanscnereeey nas = A079 rao = SNeyecnen ‘ own) cia108 GIF) + SOLO) -HSIECQ*2H0 HSiR,() > Sif (g)+ 2H) o Te net reaction ie AHF +Si0, + Sif, +24,0 seo. a ig FE By ‘The proces i sn untedysnte open process Fs: Baie: | mol Fenn D seca i ‘Unknowns: 4m, P,& loss SiO, from wafer (L) H Batman fv 0/80. Goes) Oacegaing Ex =P lone sans 1 ue 0 =0590) 25%10* reacting moles Sif ng = +1250") 125% 10" mol Solutions Chapter 10 FO ayy =O OHI SSTIO" 22510 wal Nem 050m SiO aye hay IKE) ma Comoston ah [asl] oes ase Sik 135i? janis Ho 2010 [ams | sao 50s Soers | os_| you use element balances: Sin 6a082 “The unknowns: 4 PL The balances! H, FSi, 0, N presumably 4 are independent) Other equations: Zp, =P 1M Face Nem Pe oS) ty “trae Fe OSt)= Ba tou, Si (atan)" Mae O anart ease N: 2(050)= 2, a = O9DSOO4SSottions Chapter 10 109 We wl view his roves steady te proces nan pen ten wih Now ina ot and 2 ‘huge he mie nist om be ita he flees. Fae eomponen Eguton | (oj omer Egoaon (10), oot oSns ‘The blorgians donot ave be ined ite aon ofthe problen tpn, 2,3,a0d 4 Figure F109 isa shh of he roses H,0 (80%) #0 p= Chits0, 040129 catton CaH,COH igure 09 Step § Bais: 350085 F Step Conve the 300k ito mae of HO a CHO, = 380108) 35001012) Step6and? “The degre freedom ais a follows: Number faible: 9 Mita Mesto Aon te cont obs Nurterofeqatons: 9 Bais: F= 3500 gf inl aon (egal! intl moles of HO pas nels of west) ‘psi er alana: 5 10,4, 0,.C,H,0H.C.1,00,H, C0, Spsiowons: (3 indepen) hp 1704 oF Ag, =2382 (or independent te sams Fin od oo. “The dees edo ae 20 Step “Te mtr balance ution, er introducing the known vals fe he viable a: HO: A =1709+ 0, + 0%, GAO: 050042332408, +05, CON: ea 26, +08, | CHICOM: Aron +0410, 4 8s (comin)Solutions Chapter 10 Solutions Chapter 277=0-0K, +008, © Hyp drmueonpur he eet ee i he a eamoonena si,-0, 10,020 on eskimo 08 | = 0.460 kg ole acting > Eee Se Se am : “ey ian | ora, sie em mm a Hon rm W605 sea se ba enoiPt GHCOM one no cs a | ‘Sip 6.No. Unknowns: A,B,D.E, no, ® | bisa aan “eo imo 3s ‘Step 7: Element balances: Si, H, P,O, «fo, fo} | 0, osm wor mya 5 | Sths tu 1 | | eto mf 377 gis cao 300 bg ed wake eee ia ou esses | ‘ —— eee | 1 potPH|2emolROy| 2emolP | IEP 5, q ema got Orel ian, Lamiti|2pen126,| Sp10 [1640 0 | Stemi ig moi, o; Team Toat: ERO, CE eons) |Tanai i, Benol AO] 12 8FO, 71.9, sac lhe ein stream aS Sia: BamwlSit pemasio| pots | 28 gs hemotsiiligmolSi0,|igmaisi'P#S! 849- - 2850 Bemolsi| igmotSio,| 2gmoi0 igmol8i,| p01 ‘gm Toss BESO, Jos 355+300888=71 B=235em01 Tro ser, tein eg gol, 2SgmoISiO| 2.1881, 1 5 90, igmoisin, 186 [2,8] [ete | cust) .cl, ——e c Hon ——>| asi 1 board Tac catenin}. 2. stem AY 3 aogmaca [a conte aa 2 Caremaining =279 221 2M01C 9 ssp motu Suovtal towne C.D. Bane CC. gone |sentante: —asebeet) comin toate _|Solutions Chapter 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Benoiduitiy Cy 2.219gmotCus BEBICUNTL) CL _IgmoiCe HgmolCu(NIh).Cl, 1464 gota BEACH 4 gmoicy TgiolCu(NH C1 cuBalanc: BgmelCuNH),CL| 2gnolCl __ Dgmolutit),C|__tgmotc molCucNe,).cr, malCu(NH,),Cl | CgeaINt On| 1 gmotn eases txt | jgmolCu(NH,),Cl; jgmolNH,OH -_ Damol Cunt) cl] _ Agron marca I Solon; Gown: A+B=F+DA+B=F+@8) 22194 B=0555+ GB) B=2219-0555= L664 g mol CuNHNCI: Gk D= 28+ 21.668) = 3.328 g mol CNH HCL ap+cm4p 66 gol NHLOH 35gNH,OH| 6.656901 pee EO CuNHICL | o 83 1 ee | &, Tam | unas 202.45 (ole (1.664 g mot) = BSSEBRCR NCH) | 10.102 | : rer] ae | a oon combustible. " Coie, | hexane Pome Breen Base Smt oamnietnde e sesctetnts LEE EO comenames | era ee sere fonsead+PCHl ton PCB “SO TPPCE went ed bets combaibis nest te sn iaesomponn | ‘Asad balance around te fo mixer: 16000(0.7)= (04) s F'=2,000 | ‘A total bulnce around the fend miner: P+ = P= = [ELOOOTE ane] wonton)CGE F150, THO, TTS HTD Ci #850, + 600, 7 Even wth tol combuston, we wil produce undesirable HCI which wil avery atfet the environment fit simpy vented Therefore, i would be wise condense {he HCI and HzO by cooling. Pere the sid sluon might be old bel pay | fete process o 21.62 moles PCB 1654%400, 1220%0, 199s moles aC, H0*? Ha=? catches (40%05 0%.) By ate component fr COs, we know 120142) +1395 (6) = 0.1684 P hence P= 6629 mo By an Oe: 0.40(2)A = 0.16542 6625) + 012200216629) +5 (1) (6629) sutsatman 0 46 taal Ryo 01872 From O te balance: A= 6065.4 mol of 40% Or sit (506547369. el Solutions Chapter 10 8 6639.0 21. 6PCBReated 24C1 fcan get HC by aCbaance: 2USPCBRERHE 2HCY 45 ont ctin product ‘We cn get HCI by a Clb ssf C sr" 0.0065, 10, fot 0; vo 0, 8) (6065.4) = 24252 mol O> Werknow %encess Op used is: Heres = Atco since we hve tot combason, (©; 944)= (0 consumed) = (Oz fo 02 out = 24262 - 01220629) = 16175 moles rit (2262-16175) _ : ‘ras, 0; = 109 (A2SZ=ISIES) reed]Selaions Chapter 10 3 Bass: 100 kg mo} syatiess pf Bumer — L-—b nue gas . ¥ ‘One compositions unknown, he legs. Afr selection of basi the at ow i aown ence this problem con be solved by direst dition and subeacton Unknowns: (COs Hy0,N2.03)=4 Balances: (C,H,0,N)=4 Gono. Sema ~Reacton reals Os HO Solutions Chapter co, 464130 HO 08143 N, 406s 676 st Tous 356.0 1000 a4 Fevoiget—Sef Le c+03-960; = }co; 64 — 64 0, 02 = 402) Steps: co 400 CO+120,9C0; 200 400 ie 508 HrH120r-%H0 254 508 Sr Ms 26 mm 26 X80; (040\452)= 18.08 1808 {erent ct mel, Pome N "16g moIN, in “Tot O2 in 6.28 Vol [21 mot O, ° [zim with 03 (63.28)7972 23805 Tous 46a 508 24065 181 en Unknowns: moles (n) COs, Op end No in P, and P Balances elements C,0,N Bquations: Za!

‘Aer sltn: Use etn of rection ad pci lanes Chale: 202=F | Arter une ede 8eCO:" C0130, "9C0" 20 eee ee | spovesatances to gt 6 an 2HTbalance: 2F = W, W = 404 } conn, sng eg | con g7=09 (8 & = 4 racing ole CO. LO=0¥ (0g, = LO mating oles [ajmamecomee) 2O balance: O48 = 12 W 202441, 5050202420244, | tau as, =8:7+1.0=9:7 mol and other compounds follow rae ec ms a mass fins ‘a o, “oc “OMe N;_079 nen 090 exited & 4 | 1.00 1.0 yo ‘pS Basi 100g mt P te al Bass 100 ol P ‘Stes snd 7 LUninows:F, A W all compasions known) (aieompos Uskoowms: FR, AW (continued)Solutions Chapter 10 es Banas: CH.O.iomt ‘Sic and 9: Balances in moles F090) 21010), 2 cc B02 ma rs990.008)+ 8019) + wo) From2N, From20, W~S2863 emo! Fromil, F=19698 kg Frominer, R= 8.1548 kg 19698006 _ 5, 2 $94 55 Onin: $3421 ‘Sten. 10 (Check via C: 19698 (090) /12= 1000.14 +7548 0.10912) ok Required Ox; 14.7+(5865/2)~ 17.63 kg mol Toul Oxin= 1023 02.62159 Excess 21.83 -1763y1763 = [LET W IY Alls soon sng extent of asin: 0,400, closco @) oo @) fyl3enig 08, G19 HORDE goon mesio-at A=1025 mol ihr 0210025)+215 aa ( Or 43=21s HEINE) EKE HEL Oaks CINIRO+E08) af =147 wa He 0 nj+€2)(290) ae S80mol ome ond ot —Solutions Chapter 10 Solutions Chapter 10 | Maso ts clement m+ ina +2 00)45+ 60(4)+20(6 5 omox S45 Mots 021 0, 38 oO i ® New te™ wuss. 16240 moi) cH, +20, +0, +21,0 02) 120, CH +350, +200, +3810 fy, = 9875 Less Oia eameet os Total mole= 144678 802189565)" a Teal (continued)ait co, 007 fa 40 01s Fai x, Toe ari Mon To8 Unknowns A,F.P,Xo,.%y, + Pick F= 100s basis ® Dae CH.0,N Gere retndes pis SarsidSsene ene ans Soc +1005 e)¢10015) =PoaTE) Ne t0(05)+094 ‘ m2 Wo@Ma)= 1090054 = F(012/ (etm wd) cm 9015 $+1m.09+A0) =F [aura] . orm =e ny SeveClr Hamer; P18 Solve N2.02 and Ex Sralaneously fA, Xo, 8 ay “ coi Solutions Chapter 10 ‘A= 1208 moles Xo, "00548 and xy, = 0.734 not needed) Caletion ofthe required Os Rewiced 0: CH,+20, +00, +280 70@) +140 6H +50,+C0, +4H,0 59) =25 coro, co, sd yan a present in F 0 To7Sread NO2I)~ 252.5403 in less 167Sreqd 03, #504380) sz0¢ 100)~|Solutions Chapter 10 oat F100) wi, ca cone “or oy gar feta aes to lags ome Sam Aono ‘imo ats ORs Step Bass: 100 01 F ‘Sten.6: Unknowns: P.x,9.2 Sp7: Balances C,H,0,N ok ‘tens amd: Air in is based on complet combustion 160+ 10, -+€0, aH, =20, -+€0,+28,0 04020675) = 827 ‘alo; 28048 ras Neinwithaie 2545 (2 ) = 10889 mot y Solutions Chapter 10 CO wik= 1554+ SES HSE ak H.O out= 1501+ 20.20) 2141 mat 3.948 + B54 1529-31 96-2 at T exncr,on 100 ae as a temo exo a en cy 26 38 icon i cotees Sup: Basis: 100 molP Step 6: Unknowns: FA, BW StepT: Balances C,0,H,N ok Siena and Vio alge 2Nbalnce: ALT9)= 852 A=10785 Chaance: FA)=50)+56 DHblane: _F)= 82) + WO) 123 (comtinves)Solutions Chapter 10 Settons Chapter 10 20 bale. FE) +2DA=BCE)+WOE) 395 ‘ewes DBE pcan 3 Dew Ose | Soluion: Bak mol | Sieos67.8and® F469 a0) W=402n01 Senn and gations sige sltion Atmlact| gat | 100m Pero BOM 555 eld | lent lanes nol [kg eels ml OT] ke ‘ees | comment Melia Moto | Aerts solution: Use etn of ation nd mis alines, bat tire é ‘00 Pen comple | 4 : 2 S00 +400 Soom 20 Yoo! 60074218, 040+ .N 98 (55-002 2H ‘00 w P= 8D) <9 | | ones | x seg 2B I, 9 Bod ~ Tia | Mos iho Me ‘Alera soon: Us exten of reaction ad species anes. l ‘Basis: 100 mols fat; same complete combustion Equations: (5,30, 00, +250, samsics,Now Stes Bass: P= 100 not SHEP Unies: FARW ] adcgacy anes one | sep? Bac: €H,0.%ath lance ot independent | Sicneands: —alltalanesin moles ance: MOM +i2-136 302) €CH,,O..Ny, +4 CHO+e C0, +F 15,0 Pex abass of skp of HOH (CHLO, MW = 4507) 1600 g HOH}! gol OH [4607 gEOH 100 ¢ 1 XOH produced Totelnce te chemical rctn equine leet aus, Tate x basitofa 1. Assume {ers conveion fhe gcse meas il |e of pcan paces OS ml ea a | cxeroie a core rues 3 mol of ioc © Gacsadee He Ta Stem tse ree ar © Grosetdraert No baode SpecifesoneO60—¢ _comtoaey Solutions Chapter 10 Reals sri (hetase) — d=06 Sco s ognal HOH) galGH.O, Ray 100g not BOI e mol G0, 125 mol NH, 08 gm0INH, [sam Base: F= 00 gen in Example 109 This bass gves P= 50 moles. Note: Ite pobem caleatons wes rane aise fie sted ado exc, he ase of P= 0 fron infin fas wos nt hang, ima coher alae he oes in Pal Change. Tote 9, * COs 0.154 (30)"7.7 Wa. Tae ae te perientcompaners er NO, we NO) fr prose te and MW ay Rhus BLY no; (oom === TD. Hs GE Eo } co: oormean =o 8 ase 027 ant | sos omen = 002 6 orm 009 oor co cosaee77) = 759 eh 064 eal a) ‘het mel foes (Netra i 150) (0.86) +0001 = 80.6Solutions Chapter 11 2 (The two overall balances on A and B sum up tothe overall balance on the sytem) 4 (sch 2s 2 component balers for ach uit) Unit involves AB, 3 2 4 Unit rvoves Dy E Unit voles A,B,C, D WA and Bare stays combined inthe same rt, then you have o reduc he independert Blanes by I fr Unit and I for Unit MU, atl of2 ns (Giiniepenat cqations Fal compontionsweiown] Thesum ofthe components (oles) would equal the tlw, hence atl of the gations ‘hat could be writen would be independent, oly 3 pe suber | soot tater: | Condens FL=Fy+Fs (Fydoes not mis ence canes outa abe oid) Ccoluon Solutions Chapter 11 Beboiler FaoFy+Fr (Fe does not mix, ence cancels ou oan be omits) ‘Somponen alness: In addition, eormponeat alnces ould be wes for ech component for each Leubeysem std above Mulipy Fy the composition ¥ Unknowns: steam Nows including F Mass acon (7 plus 3a F) Indepsodes mei lances: Species 2 3 ‘the ndepedent uations: ‘Do. ineach wre inching FSolutions Chapter 11 Solutions Chapter 11 8: my, = 20) | a (sinc Basi F= 100 kg m=mas fraction | (OB me = O8SP + Ee dee | MEE | eo [he eee "Bfo] | Jal eu t_ | 1.00 ‘Unknowns © indept. Fans. of fieedom = | Cohumn (1) balances . “ee puehi | orc: esse =wiy+nioan iemem oe egreeoffeedom a elonSeltions Chapter 11 Solutions Chapter 11 ‘ANALYSISOF OVERALL SYSTEM Sysom overall alsnces (A: 100(0.1) =P, 0)+P, (0.10) +20 0.002 mies @ B: 100030) =F (020) +P, 85) +20( ©) Ci 1009055) =F, (020)+P, 005) +20¢m2) [* BAP ees (0.002 + mt me Unknowns: RsP.mj.m> unknowns 4 40 deres of freedom a expected The resus show ta the system of equation i very sensitive to smal perarbatios in she cafikent(meneerement)Solutions Chapter 11 Solutions Chapter tt Basis: 1 he (1000 kg) aul: 1000-W + D 1 Overall balances: Salt 1000(0.0345)=0 + 0.0690 | ECT ET |. Saenaance o the renzo: 1000 (0.0385) oso — (B=7i8 75 ‘Total balance on the freezer | to00=A+8 (RHR) “ota blance srsnd iter: B=n875 +D (cez1e75ig) Basis: 220g IgG from he reactor wo. action recovered = “07 Fr ered = = oe) 1140 I ‘Sheps. 123. and4 This isa steady state proces with no reaction aking place All the ‘compositions ar known except for eam C. We can ick the overall system fist o get and then make balances he is (or second) units to gC and is composi. SlepS: Basis +290 equivalent wot second) SD Unknowns: A,B,C, DandE andthe composition of Slee: Balances: NaCI, HCI, H;S0u 1:0, net solid Overall balances (ke) | —— | “Two ofthe equation re ot indepengea HC and 380, | HCL: DyO420) +E 0018) 740-3.00=2.40 H,S0¢ 140.020) +E (0015)= 641 400=281, Ths, over he deges of feedom are 0 ‘Sto and | The solution ofthe equations isin ke) _ continuesSolutions Chapter 11 Solutions Chapter tt ‘Addtional Equations: oof, andoi,= a, (he elated equation for benzene are redundan), Total equation (Eto. (D=@0| ana E= a0] ‘rom whic [T= 150) vi ttl balance abou the Gratuit The solution i simplified i two balances are made fir (oot nese sep All materi aloes ar in mat Sods balance on Unit 2 and also Unit Notation: Subecints Benzene = bz, Xylene = xy, Solids = ‘We mas faction F'=igldweain, $= sls sear 2000(09)=F'(09) = 2000 2000(09)=F (09) F=2000 eae | ToL tatnceon Unit and ako Unie “ 2000+ '~2000+5' | si=st | 1000+ 2000 2500+! 100 ‘The ther balances are eae eos) 1000(t—1)= 200011) + 100118) oom on 200401) + 100, = 26000, + 1004, Step Basis |e ("= 2000 and S*= 1000) . 1.4100) + 200001") = 20001) 1001-8) a +206, = 20000) +00) 100-0 Unc fof SEP] Neen Uakaowas ees aia ano. S\F.8] Solve the eqtons gt compotion ofthe rem Unit: bays Maer Balowees ya: bangsSolutions Chapter 11 Component ‘Sra Conga we wr Br 10 e Br 09) xy 00 xy 01 Br 097 Be 0082 idan) Xy 0083 Xy 0018 s Br 082 F Be 0097 xy a8 Xy 0003, Xylene in Feed = 2000 0.1 = 200 ig Xylene in Produ = 1000 0.8 80g (eResven] - «100 ‘Bel 7 5 ‘Adsinal information: Py=3D5= 30 kg robs nn fp =-4mp Sten Base: F= 100 kgand Ds = 104g Begin wih overall lances. Unknowns: B,D, m9 Balances (3): A,B,C (pa total) Implicit equation (1: 2+ m2) = 10g Stand 2 vei tances aSolutions Chapter 11 Solutions Chapter 11 100 SBD; +1030 © 100(30)=0270, +073: +0 Solve these two equations o get, =30 and D; = 30 (Get mand from A balance and m+ 10($0) = 30,50) +30(.17)+ 10m +30(.70)30, m2 = 0.89 mii tmp=ts0 — mP'=01 Supio Note =Can check using the B balance (at independent) ‘alanst.on Unit No.3 A 8 c (y= 1; Py=30) Takrowns (Ew mls, mb Batnces 2): A,B Implicit uations (2). ml +m =30, m+ mf = 8 Otte equations: = Sm) Steps Rand Tosi30-+E=D5+?,=10+30=40 ‘One component balance: AA: 30m + 10m =10(89)+301,70)= 299) Be som + 10m = 10.11) +306 3) =101 | "PEE Em =m +m i p00 30(80)+ 10m $-=299 so tat mn =0.59 emf > SS Two subsystems ens, hence 4 componeat balances canbe write. No eseton eccurs andthe poeas is assumed be inthe steady st. Step ate omited here The balances ae Sisto: Soite Sistem Stok Chest Tout R=E+P Tok P+N=L Fiber: 2.36 xP (Rhee tre%103 26 (__Water 7452 = 416143291 _ Water: 3291 +18 3209 (coined)Solutions Chapter 11 Solutions Chapter 11 Pen =< focoenest | —— cunts | Soca ain eee | temintaase Water: 7452+ 18 = 4161 + 3309 | Sees Pe A eee eee ements M egmolgas — ligmolSic ‘gmol gas caeaea ; a (eS HEM gasp 0, | mol HSiCY, | ori RBH AbgwolHCl hg 01 pip! OLE ISI gmat irae eee a es, we 4 to soonsi a 0% 8c, an sicl 2ame ee {00681 Renae |] —°—fSeprcor}190 Egmolgas—[kgmolH.Sicy, | eg mol Sic, i, Sc, HSI i Dose | SieSiais 100k oc male 7 oni wo igiftg mas : : PO so gets Unknowns: _A,D.E. BalancesSolutions Chapter Solutions Chapter 11 ‘Akgmol HC] Tega mm oe SE gn Ee gmail mH) Tpmolem | kgm, 222g HSC igri}, 8 gmolHSiC ig molgs— [igmol HSI | een, Laie 35711D +E =Dt3E Oo E 742 1D ssp @ DO +356 -o3sp +0381 p D498 een 1032 13345 kpimal TSasig HSI gino HSICI, nus eka wel. ere HICH) StpS Bais: 100g mol =F Sepa 1.23.8 "t ho Ge a0 Asse frst an Duct sf Geen) Oa 0 ons, tirleak occurs and use materi Balances o calculate the amount. This a steady sate flow proces without reaction Overall stem Sep: Unknowns ares A, BW, PX (0F4,)s Key ) | seo: Balances are: GH.O.N, Ealot oe Lal =F)Salation Chapter 11 Seaton Chapter 1 ak ‘Solunen Mm ou kmoline tema Cogmey: 07000) ForoKTOOR Re te, ° AR Sc, 50K a the 190 E17 Negra: 070110094 + 02010012) +-01010046)= Wea) % 215 W190 kel %, : 1.0, i, m6 20 (hemo: 021A+021B $28.0 50.0088 i mod: O79A4 =m, Al ha 9+ 0.79 8 ms ‘From the overall 2N balance 0.79(982) + 0.79B = af, Oo 90+ 0068+ of - ‘Atalance about the face or sout he dt it sede, o those to alone would have bee stile, omiting the overalblce ‘Sustem:_ Doct Hen: Usa: AE, 8 hs S07 Ramen 40, Ne Bal 8 Stonand? Cékemot: 070100) +010400)0)~ Hh af, =O nol H (kg mot); 0.70(100\4) + 0.20 (100) (2) + 0.10100) (6) = nix, ho = 190 Okemo): 021A= +904 Nike: OA af 90+ 190+ af, +08, | | (0.036 mol H,018 mol sie 18. inlet water = 2036 mol H,O|18 molar 18.1 ‘oli lpmoi” {7 HO ie | Mami = (15.0 1b #0 + 11.7 Te HoOVS22 fa = [CTT OT a] © Thepounds of 0: produced | ‘By reaction (3), 0876) mo of T10SO, goes 0 TI (0876) 799) = [108] Tio; eo Solutions Chapter 1 nas Sem5: Basis: 100kg mol =F ieady ste low proces wihow'recfon, Overs |steoS: ——Unknownsare: A.B, WP, 25, (Ora ke, (Fea) Siea2 — Balueesare: §— GHLO.NE supe and ln “ tee mah; 0.70100)+ 0.10(000)2 - ho co" 90K el (omnes) | _]Solutions Chapter 11 T70 0Ha) + O30 TOOK +0.10 (10046) wa, Wo = 190Kg mot 20 (ego) 0214 +0218 00) 99,0067 2N (kg mol): 0.79A-+0.79B 90+ 006" + af, [Abalance about the furnace or sbout the duct ie ned or hese two alone woul! hive bee suc, omit the over balance Sse: Funaee (or Dut Stef; Unknowns: A, ay tho Sip I;Beloness: C,H,0.N, Zh Stepaand 9 Chg mod: 0.70(100)+ 010 (10092) ny, fy, 90 kg mol ‘H (kg mol): 0.70 (100%) + 0.20 (1002) + 0.10 (100)(6) = a, Ma = 204gmb: 0214 ah, sso 2N gms) 079A =a, 90+ 190406, 605, =E From the overall N> bales Op balance 222+ 0218= 008 m6 ons 079,982) +079B = of 021 982) +0.21B= 185 +0060 B 207 kg mol 90 + (0.794982) +0798 ~0.94P Po 1095 kg mol aTRgmalODREmeIr) Ieigan ir leak,Solutions Chapter 11 eee Bass: Dan gen sae (ir) ommin Gowna sl” ne | Atertgs 5880143 wo | Seapine |Solutions Chapter 12 m2 SienS. Basis: kg W Pickthe overall system ‘Stone 6 and Unknowns: FP Balances” A,B ‘Sieos and Toale=60+P )F=380K¢ 1: O40 -0+095P]P~ 320g Stone and? Unknowns: GR Balances. A, (or tua alterate) ‘StensSiand 2 Tet 380°R=0 Ya tog 3B: 0380) + 0) 0406) & 252 .Guptanngr ns Basis: 100g of resh feed (veal blanc round juntion 00+R=F KCI balance around mixing point 204 06R=04F=04(100+R) 20+06R=40+04R = [00g RIO ea) rl [> pew 5 100 3, 095 so (continued)Solutions Chapter 12 Teas Bas A= SOI) Select whole process as the system. Sens 6 and 7 Unknowns: B,D Balance. Total By, BS (ntl! independent) | Soman? | Total palence: $000" B-+D By balance $000 (0.75)= B(1) +6005) D=1316 Th B=3684 ‘Apparently th cleulated values are nt caret. (The vale for Ccan be obtained fom banees on Unit or}. as Basis: 1 bour ‘An overall bolance shows tht Ru fom the adsorber mas ql Ry tothe adsorber ia ‘eeady at exiss. Let = R, Adzorber balance of U (ants are U}: SOMLNITY , RwL|S2U _ GOO mL|OO8Y , Rm 93 Treat fer Solutions Chapter 12 ———— re | sts: Basis 1000kg=W =1 hour Steps! Revised compositions ae in mass factions Note: compositions iene! mus) = 0004s Foe | Wetceeal Exiair asc 1 0 cecal 2800, ms) of a8) ede $4 WO oss Fre ie Conversion of moe fractions to mas factions is no required, but since both nas factions and mo factions ae listed a dat, conver allo mas fraction (cant conver, cereal to mol) 0 avid confusion in making the balances, (cominved)Solutions Chapter 12 Tisha Bans mal FRiLa, Bas LO nol MW mas) mae mol MW mas maa sir 9868 29° "2861.7 OSS2O737 29-2137 O89 HO 1 18 2375 cos 028 18 47 10000 28BS a8 L000, 100 26:11 1000 ‘Acaterng dries bass LOO mol mol MO mass mask sir O83¢ 292709 “0958 HO 0066 18 “LI9 oouz 2827 1.000 Qverall balances (anknowns D, EF balances HO, cereal sit) =E+D ‘ota: canbe made inmass 1000+ areal (dn) 1000(080) + FO) = E@)+D(O9%) De srkg Ho 1000020) + F (0.0082)=E (0.181) + D (0.050) ar 43000(0) + F(0.992) =ECO8I9}+D(0) ‘are naependent eqns. check by &* eqn stole Balmcson ing mit inst) | tea RaF tr OED) Fass2)=0,0950 Ho, Rois) Fone) toa8) f 2 equations are independent, check via 34 equation h 2 Sia L.2.2and sain va_o Sets 10 ens na (ssi) So os st a 198 Boy | ‘Step S; Bass 1 r= 1.000 kg KNOs solution Compute the weigh action composition of R. On the basis of I kg of wate, the saturated recyele seam contains (10 kg of HzO +06 kg of KNOs)= 1 6 total The reeyele steam composition is QGEEKNO! EHO gap, 1g sotto 1g H,0 [6 ig solution ~ 0775 #8 KNOs/ 0h 0" 37.5% KNO) and 62.5% H0 (which hs been added to the figure). (Continued) —___|Solutions Chapter 12 Analysis of complete process (6 streams) Unknowns: W.M.C.R, Mo thao, Belences; (2 units + 1 mix pont) 2 components (Other compositions are (in %) M E w #0 50 % KNO} 50 2 ° StensGandT: Unknowns: W,C, | lances: 2 components Overall bance tocaleuateC, Tota: ogo swe. KNO,, 10,00(020) =W)+€(096) 10,000 loan UgeYSEI8 _sogsyg/ teense C Tr | tkgF [0 96kgKNO, = 10.000 -2083 = 7917 kg “Todeermine te reeele steam R, we need to make a balance that involves the stream R Ether (2) a tlance around the evaporator or (9). balance around the eystalize wil do ‘The laters easier since oly tee ater than four (urknown) seams ae involved Toul Solutions Chapter 12 M=28+R = @ (Component (KNO» balance on erste Moy = Coc + Ro 05M =0596C + (0375) Solving equations @ and © we bain 05 2083 + R)=0375R +2000 Steps: Basis: 1000 bse water Unknowns: B.D Balances salt, water Steosand 9 (Overall mas balance: B += 1000 Ove st balance: 00525B + 50% 104 / (coninves)Solutions Chapter 12 Balances” salt water Mass balance sround the justin; 1000+ R= W ® where R = brine recycle; W = tot soln entering the cll Sa balance ound tention: 31400825 R=004w From(1)8.@) [ESSER 8 From (3). & R= 0 be 551 Tos 586 By Basis: Ihe =1L=F all concentations are g/L "x 100 Figure P19 Pick the overall process asthe system Balances: 3 H,0,2a,Ni (ain) sutbant? zm 1ooqnso = PEIPHOE sr aso grt) Ne mp4 =DK.00+%a70 SolvetogetPo=0S25L = 1.056 Pick Unit 3a the system Siens Gand 7. Balances) 3 HO, 2,Ni Unknowns: 3 W. Ra, Ps Sten S and: Za: Ps (3.50) +0=0.10(1 056) + Rss (435) Ni Pr@19)+0= 1.001.056) +R (2.36) Solve to get, (alin 7Solutions Chapter 12 D0 gavaay mast oil+die 0229 40 om F000 oil dito HO) on alain 0329 HO om 1000) F oil die 00073 H,0 0.9927 3000 gatiay 7000 Pick the total pooes the system Step: Basis 1 day (equivalent D = 90 gal, F 3000 gl, P=2910 gal) ‘Sten 6nd 7 Unknowns! Gh, Bho Balances: il +i, HO ups 8nd In ow Overall ol + dit balance: _3,000(0.0073)=2,910(a,)+90(0228) Solutions Chapter 12 2 “To soive for, make balances onthe mixing point the fier andthe spite. Not all of the balances are independent 0229 =0.225(90)+0225(8) 08,0 = 2910.43 104+ 140229) Mixina point 3000+ R= (0.0073 (3000) + 02298 = WG Balances: 6 (independent) Stns Rand 2: Thesolationis (REST galy)Selutions Chapter 12 nan Start withthe overall system olf asf ce 095 oom H,0 005 o9sa7 = Paw) mo |» Rice Produ bral) Fab) Wabmod olf. 44: Inthe diagram ute mol and mass percent for ‘compositions and mol and mass for ow specified SoS Bais. = P= 1001 suns Unknown: FS, W ‘Step 7 Canmake total and 3 component balances rice, Hs0, dry ea (G) Stensands, Ib Rice F0.75)=P (095) =100(095) Tomol —Drygas—$(09527)= W (09068) | homer ns «£10299 9931), 2009) [ipmottio 8 00475) + O29 -w(o 8 AOS Solutions Chapter 12 F= 1266716 #2735 fmol W= 2875 te mot R . sel doer ‘Make tlances.on the mixing point eae " Tomo ans (273509527) + 8 (09089)= Fix, pmol HO: 2739)00473)+R (0.0831) =Fixtie Tmo oa: 2135+R=F, Nhe tho R=3.12lhmol/ 10016? 0.0931 H,0 3078 tome R ea 00931 H,0 Ho: R (0.0931) #30768 (00831), total (0) (caly independent exuation) 0.0473 5+0.0881 R=F, (0052) 2735+R=F) (continued)‘Solutions Chapter 12 ee \ ops 1 ee ? cPa001g/L. Aqueous Phose >} Fy 10 Limin = 10 Limin ch= 1008. C-o1nt Fermentation prodact blanc: rnd] gy Abia er 1000 Fe 9.900 ri Solutions Chapter 12 1oLnin Fetou 1 Far wounin TT ch = 1008 eP=o1ch cP _o1cd Femenstion balance Assuming F 10 Ma cr s0Yeqe io, HOFia. o3 101, | sotving (1), 2) and 3) Simultaneously ctai00% cfu10%f Pfam Pon C10 int Gta ct Exo1c _ E,acra cfa0i5f (contived)\ Solutions Chapter 12 | Fermentation rodut Balance: 123 | Frect-10 |sim2.tank (00 82isso tomer) | ms etsg80 ~ rat beens ae 2192898 or) Ch=t05g/L cf ‘This one ithe least | | 10g/L = ——— | Seu. | comosstions a? 0, 215889, vor0 ee) (comin $$” ?Solutions Chapter 12 Unknowns: P, Sm (4) Balances: Bz, $03,n0n Bz, minty eos Band? Balances are in kg ‘Tal 3000+ 1000= P+ w Be 1000(0.70)= P(t) Non Bz: 1000 (0.30) P(Q)+ mt 0° 200k 18), 8 rs 18), ax, mig 300(025)-75 ep iad | Solution >= [ta] Suen: Unit 8 pyaim) Tinks Unknowns: mf, mam, ‘lens .and9: Balances we inks |e Bet nonbe B= A375 r= 1000 +375 ‘Sustem_ Unit? B W0dkg 8 (0.01)c50\=¥Ahyasl @ L—s D-F cu C'Chy Be+-83) _ (connedSolutions Chapter 12 Sten Gand 7 Steps 8.and 9: Balances are inka | e+ monte: © = 100g 13 © can9+37s ~ 1000 375k Singl pas conversion inf « tk Single puss convesion based on Hs athe ining reactant ‘Use Bg (12.1) and Ea. 12.2 with Hs the limiting reactant Solutions Chapter 12 80 24098 1989 © Oveal conversion of Hs ett | wn Te Ett tims smo ne | igs a se | || ss Bois: P= Pick the overall proces asthe system Sea Unknowns aly, Sep Balances: 61,0 Stes Band Element balancesSolutions Chapter 12 $$, Clos nga 4452 H(a0): Myp@)482) Op Sea1O —O(AP, gpl) Fg (N)=A8O)+4 checktsok Composition of fesh fed URS Oand Alternate solution, Use extent of reaction Bosedon Ov ¢ Then niyede gad nyo Or §=a8 “Toge the ecyele, make «balance about the senator (0 reaton ecu) H, balance mel) 14003) = 48) 11600 mol Tot nat 100+ | Re1S00 mel 100m TH m6 Steps 23.and4 MW Ca(Ae)=1581 MWHAc= 60 Yo Hg CA) tg DCAD, 435 ol CA, TSR. hg Cacao, StenS: Basis: 1000kg of CA) feed Solutions Chapter 12 Re Calhele + HaSdp ——> Cason + 2Hhe Inspection af the diagram shows that the oveal conversion of Ca(Ae) i 100% (one leave the process). Thus, fo, 1. Youre piven f= 0.90, Then 5 OF mal The single pas conversion for {ACs i 090. 1 Over HAC blanc: 633 kg mol Ca(ADh| ZKEMOIHAC 1966 bg mol HAC oF Tg mol CalAs), MW CathB = 345 MW Zn=6537Solutions Chapter 12 7 a nS Bais thr +000 0, (2504 |e ance Pee OF 07 2850=1)(5) ¢ 2.890 reacting moles blot, = 0 (142890) 2.890 kg 2890 260 2a, ble: Ray, * 0 22890) Aten solution 0 es CHD kp mel GHB, 2648, a5) Teg CH emt, Reeve “Make bolance on the mixine soit First zetthe feed of CHB othe reactor CBB blancs: 2890+ S61 R=072kpmol 0.72 (46)= (27m) ‘Altemute solution (inks), Balance over separator (4000 kg +R) (020) = R=250kg Solutions Chapter 12 1000 H,B4 | 8g leezbatrnte. rang | P| SORE H [Fa HBr egal Zn Za egred” 22] 4. Molerato of 2B Casini pradus 21 4 per tection) Fs ssc ae Get, it Sens Basis: 100g Fi =r | ral | Sensiand? Unknowns: FPP | lemen laces Cs Na, C1, COs (nag, ntalindependent) 0, taleoe ] 2EbECACo,|t Re mLCACO, THEO, 965 emai co, TOOKGCICO, [Tigmcace, ~ 28 consmues) _}Solutions Chapter 12 Tig al CO, —_ 094g moO, 706 Kg NCO, [Tg mal e,CO, 2.94 kg mat CO, otk moto ke mIN 60,1660, ET 1kg0O, — |T kgmol Na,CO, creo balance a tor pu 1 (om (2 +E [vets samo tte nee Steps 12,3, and 4 001 Nas #5 ia SA Took | Mol. We: Nass, 78; C200, 100; Nas COs, 106; C35, 72 Seas Bae Tir Sips 6.7.8. and ct mA) Na Balance | mts (voDy nas isl 2h Ib NaS [I Tb mot NaS [TbmotNa,CO,| S018 Ne,C0, bees ‘Sytem: Reaciorpiu sensor (System B ical aun Consumption accum Tas tan 104045) | R]_R, 5-10 (veo) Le (10009045) + "NaS i the imtng reactant (LR). Mole NaS = (045) 1000)78= 577. allofit ope (IKE (continued)Solutions Chapter 12 [Overall frsction conversion of NaxS is 100%, fox = 1 | fe - 08, as Ton ap eae aT si9+0sR=577 [EOS] (r50 1) — R n20 A basis of |r requires the listing and solution of many simultaneous equations A bass of 100 mol of toluene in is more convenient Myots Gs Recycle Prue oa ae a {= “et a, Basis: 100 mol toluene instream G (gross fed) ‘Sustem: Reaso lus separator | Species bale Ow om, (ten m0 om -100(80+08) #0 Gm wow gto swenenosen)) -0 CCH 194) =n, L440 -0} Solve above for System : Mixer lus mau point ® ®@ @ ® © (yTowene: F$ 0 + OH OR: 0 + = 400 o 400 Jone 0 + Solve (3) for Ra = 434 mol Solve(1)forF=88 mol M=366 Change basis ot hourSolations Chapter 12 3430 1b|L Te m0 = 35 515 mot of toluene in F 30 5.1 mol Ror Heoladno aster lama, wibmolF | thr — [iG0lbmolvolinG [325] 4341 mol Re 135 mol Rye 100 fo mot olin 375p mat oftoloene is elected as the bass, you have to make the same balances a above plus benzene and diphenyl balanes onthe eater plus separator because F isa known but Gbesomes an unknown, ‘The unknowns would be CRU RoD.BM ath, crate ion Cate the extent of reaction fr cach ection and se hema shown in the book to gt the outputs of the reacioe plus Separnoe system instead OF sing generation and consomption ems. Solutions Chapter 12 FL Fe Fe Sn Mena» ME seins Balances: MiiogPoit: GACH, | Rector HCH} | ® Avis: CHACHA) Use oer balances a subsite for some ofthe above ‘Qexzl balances (clement balances bacon ofthe ection) ®@®@ © FO)=FO) Fy =50 kg mol HF =FQ+F,6) 50) « 2F, +506) } acne ® e Gil: Foe F(OReal, «504088, FOO) #02), (continued)Setuons Chapter 2 lation | b 04 Gonctst ‘uomnet Cth aka, = -FyORD) +0 oanty, =o (rome (008F.-080F- 04150408, Regcle Fy=S8T8kgmol aly #25+50= 125 ka GH: aby + a(20)-504 DU OFORED 0 =o ma, = 175g | Dates FF Fs =$0 49875014825 nol (eter sy) lg, 0.2,F, = 1875p mo Fy 1875+ 125 143.75 kg mo } Omit balance (Use CH, ) GH =F, =S0kgmol Hy nfy= Fy = SOkgmol | tou Fak +F, +F,= 504509375 =193 75kgiol jy, = 198 75-100 93.75 =F, (akg mo Solutions Chapter 12, F=30——F. @ |F=137s F=s0 ROT AT) Fy=19375 Fe 9375 Alternate solution using extent of reaction | fyroae DE lg" 125g mol Also = C285) -1875 gmat srsei2s-10975 ‘Similar caleulations to these wil yield the same results asin the original solution, nn Tins steady state process with reaction and recyele. Pick the overal processas the system Basis 100 kg mol Ce (cominus)Solutions Chapter 12 TTT ‘Steps 1.2.3.and4: The system is as shown inthe diagram with eeyete ade, | om 09 TOURS Gl R Clealate the moles of ech component entering CH, (@)+20, (@)-+C0,(8)+2H,0%@) Caleuation o te equies Oy and accompanying Na in moles reqdO; — 100@)=200 s 2001015) = 30 Tol 02 20 we olS)- | ‘The exit concentrations (via stoichiometry) ate Po co, o Ho. NO N 119524 Next, consider adding reeyele as shown in he diagram, Recyete i not involved in the ‘over balance, hence the concentration of NO wil tbe aflectedbecase the exten of reaction with and without reycle remains the same. The recycle does reduce the ombuston temperature which in tum wil redue the ext concentaion of NO. nas “This in a steady ne prom with ation and esc Sten, Basis: 100 mol F ‘Steps L.2.3 and Make the overall balances Ussatinan He spa crate a 109 _ Fema) a) Piel) $0} 00510) = 030 Sons or 30 Etael p Grcall) Pino) OF 348) 43 Oo NP 810 : aio A850 3 Tor] ‘Siep6: The unknowns are the exit compositions plus the extent of reaction fit ‘Sto be use, ‘Stent 7.8.and 9: We hve 3 element balances plu the faction conversion ofthe $030 0, 04 species balances ($03, $03, Nz.03). We ean use a mixture of element aed cies balances, (coninvedSolutions Chapter 12 Solutions Chapter 12 Tamed male] Element S: 10 =0.95(10) + 0.05 (10) ‘check is ok SO, 80: 950 0.100 | ie |. so, 25 $0: 050 o0nss cement bg 0, 525 0; 425 cous | | select ni as he system N, 8100 N: 8100 ass | | R 7 i , J Syten ‘same composition as P nal salah. mal iat 75 kes pci tlae on $02 50, 100 fae me Mak species lance 0 0, ied a 07s . $328 N; 810 o Or b Qu Consumption Gsneration : N10 sl (25+ R(G25)- (050+R(000525), +0 425+ Re00s259065~0 075 | sow ete 8:75 | Sm 80, : 25 lon 3 om 1 Steady ste roe with eaton Bement 20: 90+ 10 5(75)+25+ mp,21125425+ ny, 5 L2aandé Getheamountf (eq exes) NOs in f nan 528 | 2 Suns. Bass thr : lesz rund conser? lu spar. Note we nesd = P'+Randobsee tthe Conporton oH Pan Ri tee {stig GheerndVigmalGy 10 6¢gne | "92.11kgGiy “1° 86K8 molly | Seed. Gheoine C1H,0,43HN0, -161,0,0N0,) 38,0 Requred: HNO, #31085) ~258hgmol (continues)Solutions Chapter 12 Solutions Chapter 12 f TOS mol Gye wa wv HNO. is 32 $6(20)= 6516 () Mol HNO,rega = 8Smole GhePamal HINO, tlhe Tota: 39.10 kg mol in G = 32.58 mol " Sten and? som is overall ‘Actus HNO, Reqd = 1 200(32.58)=39.10 mol | Unknown ae F. Pm and mis HNO, ink 3910-3258 ~652 mol Equation ate C, HS, 0,N = 652(6301)=411 ke (oryou can use stoichiometry and make species balances, o use the extent HNO, i87000%R, 0.7000R =411 of reaction) | 9650 P '= 11.25 kg mol or 11.25 (227.09) INO, in @= 39.10 mol = 2464 kg HNO, in R=411 kg FHR=6 HNO, Balance) F+411=2464 F-20531 HINO, Unknowns: F is 43.00% HNO, so that 4300 F «2083 © Balances: HSO,.H.0, HNO, ard my. Myo, +3919-G © HS0, inF 0.5000 (4778) =2387 kg 000 = H180, in (a) Glycerine Fe -=10.86 kg mol @a a) x a H0ink = 0.0700 (4774) = 334 kg 1086 kg Nitoglyoerine Produced HO Generated by reaction = 1086 Mole Glye x3 0.9650 P= 2465 = (10.88) 3)(18.02)= 587 kg, 10 inseam P 00350 2555) — [0 iow= Solutions Chapter 12 | Somes H0, Ho rr asss a ‘0000 Sram WOT Ar HO, = 715% Ho zis] seo Do numbers check? Ghent = RaW toot Bese m29 ome ome Solutions Chapter 12 2b wee a omen | Cenc Rec Dae, + conan (efomersit ay © 20040,-»200, (CO comer C0443,» 08-110 toxtaniney | CH, feed is 1% Nz or 1 kg mol No | se sn) 29kgmol Ch, (248AHL) ignolam 11099) =21784g osm |Solutions Chapter 12 Tasis TOO Ks mal CH, fed SteosGand?. Unknowns 6-002 makeup Tosreactor product Svoformer product 731 HYCO: Methanol slain 4-02 fed, stoichiometric Breeyee, HC | eondenser ops 5-00 conv. products Sirectr fod, HICOP3—13-purge, 5% Reformer balance Condenser bilince COcon. balance purgerecycle balance (C02 makeup bance Feedlecyle balance | Methanol reetor balance Steps and 9; Solve balances serially. Reformer balance gives steam 3 co, = S2HERO!CH, conv 0 9convty al] IkgmolCO, = 892hgmol (CO= 950.1) 994g mol CO Ho reateg = 2EBLH.O}89.1kgmalCO, Ores = Tem CO, Hamel? tam eget k,0 A 178. 188.1=29.7kg mol H Hy= 40891) +309) =386.1 gm Hy = 1kgmol CO conv balance gives streams 4.8 5 Steam 4 o,- BBSRC. ato, TigmoicO CO, =89.1 + 99= 9g mal CO, HO =29.7kg mol LO y= 386.1 kg mol Hy Nz =1 kgimot Np ‘C0: makcup ives reams 6.and 7. ‘sream Tis 3:1 HYCO, 28.7 kg mol CO; needed 1287.99 continued)Solutions Chapter 12, Solutions Chapter 12 ‘Nrisnen paces Seam 11 | : LOLS stage | sera Tea gman = DHBMeL eave 10-2974 12398 153.65 kg mol HO | Siren 13 (CHOH = 12395 kg mot CHLOH ro ra. of COs instream 13 ‘mass steam 11 = 15365 (18)+ 123.9532) HyCO» Let 00543061 123.9532) we cron = 238562) cron ~ 23556 4x=095, «©0275, Mathano rector balance fn 55% conversion Na 1 kg mol Nz From special balance, ach pas ses 123.95 kg mol CO; 55 (COshn 50 (CO z= 20 8)(02375) . : na Steam 8 seam 9- steam 7 €0,~20(02375)=45kg ml COs Seas blins sss LL Sua 8:CO;=22536- 1287 so nl. 9566 : "8705 9 pe TBS barge 78 - | 3078 sho L__ p> 1m | 1226 ton By inspection yo can sett the ow of Is nH in the separator ig te wong ence elton mak no soe 1 non oc (CO; reacted = 128.7- 4.75 = 123.95 kg mot CO, reacted mat x on co emai lo purge seam exits out ofthe spurt otha CO wil bud up. Hyremted ©3861 1425 371.85 ig mol Hy rected _ nas CCHOH produced = 12395 kg mol HOH No. they all contain AN andor NH (continued) H0 produced ~ 123.95 kg me! H:0.Solutions Chapter 12 "Tie batom steam fom the dation column and We wasiewaie seam Fam | the condenser are candidates, The botoms stream from the dilation column ‘contains ao NH ad has the highest mass facton of AN of any wast steam 30 ‘hat theetie stream could be fd othe serbber The chang in th scrubber eed vl not aFet any ofthe steam flows or compositions upstream of the serbber that reconnected wo the srubber, namely those associated with he reactor and the subsoquent condenser, nor any downstream flow nt connected to the seruboer, A Sequel set of material balances canbe used o get the flows and eoncertations in theres ofthe process. Basis 1 second ‘The wate flow rates wil not change except forthe seam going to eatment, which wl be (10.1-0.7)=94 kas Ie AN clues he steams can be determine tom the following Lette the kg of AN entering or leaving a particular unit Scrubber balance Sane =A 1580078) isan column pls to condenser ous steam jet lus produ siream balance Distribution of AN emerig the dsilation column She 01 2 Solaions Chapter 12 ee | One of hse elation is redundant wth he tiation column balance. ‘The soltion ofthese equation is inh (nae the changes are quite smal, hence | tne mamber of significant figures is exaggened}. ebay 4302 ehyy 0102 xhe= Xft 0205 xf, «3.995 Because the changes are so small, the NH concentration changes ae negligible,Solutions Chapter 13 Solutions Chapter 13 ae "ect -nae p= L5SK0420000) 560594 bmn) | ‘@anyrosysss) “0008 bs |e ,0=(aosae4) = [paw] | 1a Basis: 1 L gas at 780mm Hg and T 2Spsa i 460+70~ 530°R 60 +90" 550°R tmospheve pressure = 2092, Hg st atm = 147 pia 20 rig 14.7 pis29 92m 7 = a 13.4 Specific volume: MW = moksol weight ria He = XD _ mW (154830897) (+460) ce) presse =2992in ig + i tO [2092 Hg Tin HO}s3.91 01,0 | RHO sem, (continues) |Solutions Chapter 13 =2992+029=2021 in Hg Bass: 1 RY of oxygen t 70°F and200 pig in vume = 20084 S80°R| 437m Sore POE = [SORT aa in 150 gaa) | oma te sme aetna be made wing Tow CO, agen aL Sc Seton We can wre ie subscit | stands for standard conditions, 2 forte condtions ‘nth tk) | Solutions Chapter 13 Araidiow cos nel coy 30 BO 45 1 Tarnco: hi nalaot fe ea vce pon wl el oan a ites ee prs al te aw ois 67 pay e66- Ie? GLa Asse puz0~ 624 I par = 1.696 pia MLM LA, 414.696 pia =231.387psin R91 80 pV=aRT eB ggitite past in! | cunen a 10001. [8.314 (KPAX)Solutions Chapter 13, Be ‘You mus first convert he temperatures and petsres nt absolute ui desman | fon pene = 2999. H+ HOOT HO 999 +029 = 30.28 in. He sacle “The smplest way to proceed, now thatthe data are in good ocr, 0 apply the eal gas | tne. Take as asi 1601 not forget nlc he el af fk oe | system) of 0, a1 75°F and 3028 in Hy Determine the inal pressure othe Oy ask | sone | oD emasne[ S18 20) ayn ese In guge pressure, | (480-29 9) Ms [16m ara asain ig “EELS Solations Chapter 13, ia ] Basis: Data inthe diagram Sate 1 i before coring; state 2 i after equim i reached a fling. Assue pq = 21 =2992in, Hgabs. pra Pa + Pygh = 2992 +h where pa isin inches He ‘Use the idea gas lew: pz Vea = priVz1 23" 29.92 (86) ~3989 in. Hg B289-299+h of h=95Tin He oor Anamaot 48 1 | ~ srs of manometer L 6 PATS p= M0 p= 760 Ve i PISTS-T48=Tomle Le TBH (I) [mat40 736-4 __b=736+%2 (2) _7Abi=4AR2 oni) |Solutions Chaper 13, p= 700-(L-h) Thm 6) Gamp=74 Solving @)and (4: by 16 mm L.= 764mm HAN) =[160-(L MDLCAD AD) (3) Subang valves of hy, Lin (3), on bins: hy=18mm ‘The eight of trometer = Lh mua Basi: Sat atmandT Assume Ti constant thoughout the dive Ate endothe dive the presureis p= ph orcas let x= depth in “The presture for IL isabined fom Bp; Poh (#) = ata FE) =m 4 neces iia] Solutions Chapter 13, Bass: ir a 30 ps and 75° in volume of tre Final Saie pra. pia ne? Tea8R Tre cumbeofimot ate same 502-147-385 pia Basis he ava = Haapanguson A aq lazing Low QS) me pus (continued)Solutions Chapter 13, Rea AosOF ie] a a, n= none g|etsonoF a att ezine” OS TRIS Basis: Flue gas at 180°F, constant pest, and given volume 1. Calculate the inlet rose sectonl are | Asam eaeyenasrA |2 Cabal the ike votumene ow te Q (> (esp osetnl es) = 251257) —D1416 6 | 3 Calais the ott volumetric Now te king the ideal a aw = @,c477)=314168460+ S460 + 1800)= 140400 | 4. Caeulte the oe croe-sectina ares = QU, = Madane= 702 5. Calealae the oe duet diame: (0, = aay 4a) | , = (47.2ya = A Solutions Chapter 13, Buss: 1OkgFes (MW=879) | FeS+2HCI + HS FeCl, Miah EMTS os eit ‘Asumepressre most ely is gage. Absolute pessue= 15.71 + 760 =91.71 emg. m2 kre a7 | Apply PY =nRT twice or use i once with R | 7302X560) 134 (0) 10° (0) a1. | (2 SF ase") an aS) Basis 1 pound mole fe Enea) 3908 fr om [RIL Sem L Tibial Stun (bmi)Solutions Chapter 13, Solutions Chapter 13 Apply pV=aRT to gettte volume of VC a SC and then se the mole ation Bass: 1 hr = $00 waste (W) lnformtion get the volume of i (the ado of VC ir as negligible eft on the | ohne) Get pal at SC 1 pgm = 0.0019; ignore HC iting W ” Mw ve=78 | sem wf glo] ae __nvcRT _ 0.0101 ig VeIt ig mot Vo31S (PaY0"| 298K som w lass |_____- = Sa210'gCn'sc We eee (at T EW (a27,000 RSC u | ° T8kgVC | CepmolXk) [V013 KPa The nro volume of oe gis |-01x10%m vease | Veta faction the same a ok ton bere. . eel f'SC___| 1p [10 e|25 mL _ Fearatec) | eo} VE at $C 10% oa? ni SSD EAC poe | Pabst weal 2 — SOLE st et | | TaVe 06510) inin on aise If bod is se ap |_1e (237.000 | aL at 7 | =f Timi ster amount fs. | esis inconvenience the dncharge concentration rom th hod vet may Be | anaoseubl. a T=28¢ _ YE=1ROM 101.34eee ; : Solutions Chapter 13, 1320 Basis 100 ppm of TCE (MW 1315) nie p= 2M where WV isthe average MW. AL 100 ppm, ROW = o0«10*)031.5) ~100«10*}29)=20.013 (ie Say eset same a ta ofa] wat Base | in T=(68+ 460) 18- 293K MW benzene 78.11 sige! Psy =03879glom? pV kr R= 008206 (LotmyigmoIKK) 25. He0879 Be eft got Br _ 59g Amol nin Tem W811 gB 78" ain 20281 groans Yom] _ 200% L v= 2G sot | 293K. ogg ‘nin ‘G@moiXk) [G40760)am is | To dite 10 pr, multiply by 106 or we [S420 Limin](698 m* ino (2300 ni Solutions Chapter 13, na | Dh: aig °F an tm. 60 a a (ame 1p. Ty = 20K, T= AR tm? [s20R [anor 1.106? | Since the mols and mass ae directly proportional o vue at constant rssie, % Basis: COs in yin Volume of einer ‘Assume 100% CO; noylinder at °C | 191 nfs26peialssore | ova ne mal OER 11350) w 7p 07 al 1A ssa 147 a 01 18 gas a 7p ‘You have mare than enough CO; filth ching operates under atmosphere Ie the machine sa 4 gl capacity | pressure. __— J)Sotetions Chapter 13, Solutions Chapter 13, ne [ ) nas oo HE © | o | | | | | | ais 1g mot gs 2200 kPa and 40°C arp 3902 Van eee 228 fora ai) Rosary Tower 1013 10°Ni 2.4m? Mw =44 epg mol = 2004 0132 10° 224@| 1) | kgot © TEEROT TTT} Dassiy=patwone aT oni a “Ear aoe er a (ie Ga Foe Fe wl iamonXe) (©) Sposite gravy here ie ssumed tobe density of propane at SCidensiy of Lam| 3908 _ Er fe seasc | o LBS rsoa Fam oo ma Pease Mien Sm RT [Pa Me 29 RT, 1am 22.40 or? © aed tpt Bass: 18° O; a 100°, 740 mm Hig __c40yta7Kt) = 0.01238 met | aytoaysrRy ~ 0028 Pot | Densiy a 100°, 740m | (00023832) _ [0.0761 vit] jena Lo‘Solutions Chapter 13, Solutions Chapter 13 - vo. of mols of = —_ S08 | Basis: Hy aan 1104 1796 Keema lars | | | ee er | Terai jo zt [beget os | Tikg mot Ha] 29 kg air kg mol ” } — 7 density of gas at 9°C and 600kP=: sas ‘Specie gavity= density of gas at SC | | Basis: 10 kg mol gas, a os) ed Mal Mw ke xt | ro “a ‘44 235 ee | | Tout io ie Tone |) compostion in vol. perce = mol percent [i55 omen a 7G Os or ce 81% Cally 12% | Calls 1% TT fo) MWofgas= 29K _ 17 og HE ae 100 kg mot = SF mai | | J R=8314 (PANO Vg me)Solutions Ch 120 asi: 100 mol mixure Sone Mal Mot wt Ae * » Be a. 198 100 © meusc~ 22 2020 pe. = 2920 _ gr pg = OS - Oi 203] a92)/0147) (G59) |(60)) 04.1) ‘Gm | 2 | 0 (639)| 520 | 3993 | mene Ave Mot w= M30 figs 100 ~P2? tym er 13 2870 woe oon = 100.00 Solutions Chapter 13 Pc, 2008) = iGO Basis Gag at 30 pig and 20°C Assume the barometepressre~ 147 pia 17 +300 447 pia 447 00) ai paar Basis ter final vole Assumptions |) Tempenur is constant (2) deal yas aw apie (60 + 760)= 1.520 mem Hg Pr=Po, +PSolutions Chapter 13, Solutions Chapter 13, | aes fom, calculate | 02040)= 18 emg Fe a e below | | Je, co “35 | PoP, 060140) = 44 © too CH T00x Rl ass i # yoo aie ]A 0 021 a Pas" 0.20740) 1 a | 300 aa Me, $23, i+ 3205 > 00+ 2H AL4OSC the presareis GF F0, 5 CO; THO Ome. 0 sy Sten4: Unknowns: Pad al he compositions o (5 enknowns) bak Step 5 Balances: C.HLOLN + fet that 30% 0F + C0 (02%, “Reo, * 02047905) [ET HT] | |Sieré Rese 100m (oh “Ro, "06090 = [STC] — | (Po), = Pa, ~ (0.200790 5)» FSET ma ‘Chalance: 100 mol in CO = 30 wo CO, = 79 mol} ou = — = — 100 wal | q q 1 | AN balance: Regd Or: 200 mot | XS 0p 020(0)¢ a | Tota in 240 mol (comtinved)Poo= Pico Solutions Chapter 13, atumate X50; +O; mad fr C0 = 4032» 55 wt sow a) Solutions Chapter 13 ‘SiS: Bais: Gas ted inthe figure Stee 6 and: ‘Unknowns p (Goal, V (fn: Equations: ideal ps laws Sps.and 2 BM 9, BM gy BML err, (Goo yom) , (S0KPaKO Sa) pePa\.Oe) (er 366ur]Sotutions Chapter 13 = 7 areas | i ‘ Sion Bs: 1008 100 sind 6 a ‘ Seman p.=55+ 147667908 Sion Boss: 1008 Ns 100 ig and 6 fa os | Sens: Bas: Gas wt given da Ena Moles | Loom 14. p21 wet 2: Valmont (40050450 8 | won eo senssant ToT Tam) (V,=400450= 4508") "pin Sor e5g° 708° Mt Jerson pion Rr, ~2072 1! | piv. =n, R, | RT _ 2082 mol (60+ 730218? atm) ae v0 | F aomene®) PN, = Baas 0212 pin | no BM 2 1062.7) (1065.5 pig) RT” RT | [ces c ere eee | oman BO Rr | 13.40 ] p= | | ar ‘Steps 2. 3, and 4: 2 RDO) 2S «S| - [a] SF, = apne | | aa9 TeGore q Tipe | ba ° Sp a a oa iste jaa9 Stspa2.3.and4 she oe st 2b Tomo 100 psig = 1147 pia (continaes) |2830 HSC|_1bg mt 945 aot tw SC Sep6 Unknowns: ®F Step: Indep balances: air, SF6 Steps 8-9: Balances arin moles, Sh; F(O)+129=P(4.188104) hence P= 3.098 10" kgm | oe npmaliada? Sclo+29 SEER] Sb apraen tn! uC 2) ea | Tkgmot | 273 (eso ram’ mscl3siK| 1 i teen lox 35 [sat Step. Basis: 1515 00; added #30 i Ste 2.2.and Pm Le aie (oe em, Mok ly sie Be 13 thcos Cortana) EMH Oh Gay tf) 0.8/8 Pry) ene IE SHEE ©, sens Sup7 Balances as,CO> Supsi.and 9; lane ovealon process in les cas: 0988 F)= P0968) cos 0012 (F) +0341 = P0034) | rout Pose = P= 16790! P1513 Tool Boran| 312in He | (modCR) | | | Lem mralaisirign|éorsore Gas | va aati | 60 MOR eae) | erro 3120g |Solutions Chapter 13, fae | ‘Tein ol compe arty of NO ad pry of NO, We can ete Ke piv | {easing mae peel tee Bak: 10? fp 70 ad 370 7am) WL3 we | AIL | DER’ 6 RE pea ee ees ot -—_nim MOER «gers gm arrears ‘ea 1 ie mic compe of NO OMW = 30) and NO, OM = 0, dca we sow tet sa nh el ee oa he at fay NO Let = pe ‘ovinen 0291 =) = gO) In ae mat be aon Compost og MLW. gol | | rooms we SBE aS aos | a | w eo ase +0 ~ 09 = ass teats Te wi nO see, BE 100) = 38 ed the ee pret NO 0006650 _| 1p wai NO TaN gat war | 3058 (Cn yore be te oe fon NOs bla he sae ee (Ato Ye) eres eee 000) = 188 | Selene Chapter 13 Sn Bas: 2 in| | seou.2.tnd2 2201 amr. 760 men Hg |520°R [359 f° smo of eso nl 0 me 40162 M0100, «nos. CO, ig | rat | gO Tussin tar a mor ole nn on myth en do cnain asa ek would ing no ado CO oem sore 0; talc cleans nat the given sans pbubly const —Basis 1 mol of NH fod osR=02 (omni soe ‘mol NH, fed SOKPONH, ft |025 mo eye (150+ 275)K Til NH, fed (100-273) 1a recjled at 180°, 150 ka im Ni, fa IOP, 150k, as, Pret: Sead wate with ection and eyele SuspS: Basic 1min__—_2601._Cotls Solations Chapter 13 Sisps2..and 9501. Hy Celie 3 Ha > Cotta Cove -+ ma ft aed poisin ma 4596 ma T= 1c +273 37K reese 7 Ge moxk) ‘Selec th overall stem for he rst balances In Out + generation — Consumption = Hy 4596 ap, tO 07514596) Colle: 1258 ey +O ~ 0781459654 Cli: «= teyu, + 0751159694 ° fom ig, = 1.50 se 21.09 ¢ me fom: yy = S801 Volumetric ow mies: T= 200°C = 473K P= 100 kPs=0987 umSolutions }en, = 452 erin Ve" 428 erin Cy 452 Hernin © Hy balance on Reactor + Separator (8595+ 0.908) -(090R +11.5) +0-0.48 4595 +0.90R) <0 ‘Subsite or aj, and ove to get R= 28.7 kg mol Gia ‘Volume tow rate (R) = 136 Basis | day = 10k CHO To0% C3Hiy R10", 1008Pe | 5 mat. SE 040 So conwinf 100 70% convenion of aso © 3 {tie overall sat cose, te unknowns ae Fr adm ad Wie dependent | eustions canbe writen fom C,H, and Obalce pit acon ~ igo Pick the system ofthe reas pls separator, awe the dat fr the conversion. Solaons Chapter 13 Sins: Bass 0g Oe 2074p wl Cay | Siea6.1.8and Mixing point F +8 FF Rint ate Reactor pus separator fags Rp3-0 inl eR} catatamee: AOR) atu tate: 0-21 FTOA+ RJOSOROTD)=0 =t11 94g may R=2247 gol Fr +RoRp=113649 (o W2AStemal2Ao aC _ RS STEER] dy TT tgmol [este somrerte 32471 bg mol of Hy io pesom! sca Ed | (y) GT179{040)kg mot of CHa [22.40 mPa SCl273K) 100 kPa sal cst. drones" bataceD) ‘ {continSolutions Chapter 13, WI O=BATO co, £811.19 40) 4) 2273 + mw s1179 4a) @)=23 +1968) G= 19685 + 196834 81.18 47088 £70.84 ig mot Pd 22 4m ws hs3 1101.3 |i -RESREIOT aT pila nore me 10S] Tops IAD 19489 419485 (+902) ao “BLS Solutions Chapter 13 =H eaten Geno) | ssestgm RT earaca yo) aR ae sel Cah = 0.8505 mol Cathy ay nol feed mol Cg fed” (rss BCE osallmaltislance (00 rection) FeL+v V=P-L=845635--57535~27026 kg mat pV=aRT —__|Solutions Chapter 13 1348, | Sins 1.2.3.4: Stey ste problem with a ection, ‘Sten 5: a 1 reg mo Cae 651040) = 260 kg mol Os xs T0kg moO, oa Solutions Chapter 13, 910 0%) = M23 ag mal N Sies.A.0049 | | puncte nt es c 1) = 0 ty" | bi 100) = nyo) Oe | on 910 = raging eB ng 26 ma a= my, Pea e5+26+3423 4585 kg mol | ART _ 4583 ig mot 16(4P Oo" 99. 1K | DP” 1000% | (kee Go iy |Solutions Chapter 13, (ie go asi kg mol a 8 | su as | 6 | say [a 5B (10 py, Hie 100% S1100% 64495 mot ibatnce Frgmol HSC] I gmolsi si name Fy Lrpdarrsier; 7” 01S Bence Fa= P Hal belese Augmti|2ema gaetescy tem warn gmat | qo) Ene MOSEL Salon re Solutions Chapter 13 Pot gaol HSICl 2Fy=W=3 gol HCL 2 += __ 64495 gol $2066 Jun) xT) Ge melKK SgmolCl__WenalHiCl temoicl {Teast HST, ~ {Fz cT iors k|_1. atm 17000 eaSelutons Chapter 13 ns t 1,0 (100%) OF and 30a Hg ab | | isomer © for, Co, 122% 40% cos G0 ‘a7 ears 60 oe 2s cil W= 1200 @sareans Nz FEM | 6% us “Wing 2 fos% cH These Ca 16 N} Sip 1.23.and4: Steady sate proces with easton sun Bait Sup 6.2.8.9 | temettlance: have C,H, Nand hae 4 unknowns P, YF. A ‘Basis: 1200 6 of W a 60°F and 20. Hg fe te Bn fa c @ossonesome + “Ss emsczormw “8 - @asaane 0 Ne sr tame OM aarw a> Cae Le te fone = "9" 2 ganow 2¥ > O% a OF moray Somat ON oY” ezaiaoromse 20 Incas W = 12008 [BS Shag 2H EBS Solutions Chapter 13 {sove: Eaaa7587 a A=19S108 Yess P= 20.60 8° ‘hivin« SION OOF & 3Oinches Hels 30 inches iy _ s20°RI296 inches He a Basi: | Thmol of 0% Hy and $0 CHO pvi=aRT) — pVaemRTs Ty: | eon tig Lat y 2 mol of C10 formed ence 93° 0.922 mo (@5-y+ 05-9) +y 0922 fiom which y= 0.791 mol C3H40 formed | 207, Degree of completion = 2.27 050 ) Ci, iowa CHO, seen! ‘The reaion equation Nas + BNE, +264, 0, (comms)Solations Chapter 13 +4C,H0, +200, + #N, +8H,0 | ‘The smn of CO; messed (S24 95 Pan 300K) is | seatco,|1 | Ge 0VK) 2,10 kg malor2.00 gol Ue lant alan and spsetns oe the coe nhe exton ution. Let ‘eet forcing cules: ten here se Sankrowns, quis slo ‘pence: ce atbese+ 200 He tases ends 2g Spitenions fat aa f-2 3 ‘ Team fe ction a=, 69224 42010, £2224, 40755 “he gyn prio oe OTE. ond ‘The tiomas reacted woe (6D ml] Solutions Chapter 13, Bais the 2:t0'gnol0,|29+10" clei! nto? mgnet _ Fan (veto | ak [Tenet "|e ‘sgnleaouo,huns|ter| — | oan Settee | TTC seK|astatrayar) | =799% 10" kemolir oe [Fg wale] hema) Dai: In? a SC of CH turned comple arr horton of, eC gag 10 CO in te mil alr split the alent ecu oe prod ave eh ett onthe Ns aed CO, pede (CH.(g) +20,» C0,(8)+2H,06) Coles te kg a of CH une {0fma SC] ig mot 44.613 kg ol laaisa J sume LO exces aie. Bate th Cn tein fctr ve wena “Ba sl) Enision ft £05505 .1K89220) eect oat: BRL Neening .U90921)= 369227Solutions Chapter 13, Solutions Chapter 13, aa em ams | saan om | oa Pe = tor tbe | 48 santo? cs 7 mal WasContietaa | site| $0 wos=ts% 6s ~ 6s |s0, c6(0as)-0s0 $0 33 oie 80, s % im as | co a. a 2 ass 0. Sis a Sense 180 | sample feng he st SC on he basi | meta (107 ko No, 6 il ure so, 229 kgm [22415 m acl keel) ESTES Seno" emo! 2 asun? | | Toate sta “Tam Onsen mt | so, x10? | NO, 110,820" a 78210 egy jase Basis: 10" of, 6 tit IPL ei}086 61000 1% gor 86s10" bg ofa To gt the moles of plluion component sloe in he prs. ve fo convert ‘sig MW (pce te prune ae) Base: 10°L ofNe 6 fil 100 en? 1 10’ Loijonsg| Tom 8.610 ¢or8.610" kei! Caleta the ml fea compound in te i Mastin bg aw tenet c oer oe as | Bio sont tome ° netst0 5s axe N o2exi0” 2 “ a7 s oseei0” 22 2 03 04xi0? os | | cate he mates of proc ans eeSolutions Chapter 13, = €40,-+€0, Ns0,+NO, gu? “ 1 “Th $0, and SOs ae om he EPA dt rd Problem 13.55 rs kena! 305 oe 0078 50, 15960209 IitheS +04 SO, esd ate pod tm the inte ithe valve oF 23 canbe compared wiv 028 inn the 80).Solutions Chapter 14 a Base 1172-025 al Ju reetmak — pessstam te arse? f wake EO Tee mM Gea Ba gM ca) a ea stint =(43)450 "144m | Sot: You cute 2 tom Tyan V;,and tense p= 287 a Basi: 2 gmol GH pe=S0Sam To BSIK; p=? T=984273.1~3681 K ie Ble $2.06? 88.1 460 ee Be @mobK) [505 aim Solations Chapter 14 +209 enigma 368 21 130 From chap, 2, bece p= 101 atm. Use ofthe Pitzer ascetic fitor would require a ial ander sltion, J [us | | Dai 3 hla 20°C 4 Volume = 50° | Atma) acon?) mop 273) "7° Tome) Y a Te mnns | s ‘The Pitzer ase actors not a convenient ous the compresbilty chars From compresibiliy chars (Sethe CD fo beter precision) 2-076 prot (coniued)_Seltions Chapter ta espa gy R , = (Gps. 0 wm Basi 1 Toate o2s-R ham | MWe tld n po geno ‘To ptt empersre of the gat 1b mel |3s9 SC] aon | 7 Tam traf Tents aT, = 41025-0825, From he compressibility Chart Fig 144 (expanded in he CD) ead T= 1.16 s0 that T= (1641028) = 1897] (29°F) | Avert sution: Calculate 2=0.71 and use pV = za. Solutions Chapter 14 Basis $0 COs ($044)= L138 mel COs veson > 1600 + 14.7 = 1614. pia Pe=l0vOpsia Tye SATSR 21ST 31 59 = 440870 mot 1070 8 2580.0 mol sothat vy = $49 = 0.800 1 rom Figure 14.4 (expanded in the CD) i 1.44 1.40) (5475) [ER] 28°F) “The Pz asec factor isles convenient ous otis problem Basis 10 kg CH 10g ke met MW CH= 1 ~ 0624 kgm a 1603 kg T.=3054K and pe 4885 BP ¥=00250 mn! p= 14.000KPs gauge = 14015 kPa boolte ois HOS a7 cm 4883 mad) Solutions Chapter 14 From the compressibity chat, T, = 10S hence T=(1.05(305.4)= UK] Basis 19 CH pV aRTe e247 pia p= 1028ipsiane’) ij (eR) 220995 = 21830) 5636 ms "Tomasi ~°EP Met ih es) = (0.038) (1603) = [EZR By use ofthe Pier seni ft (= 0.008 fa CH) z=2'+2'e=0976+ 00% (0.008) 0976 Solutions Chapter 1 Basi: 251 of CO; a1 25°C and 200 kPa ForCOs pee BASKPa Team2k | = 2 20k 3,” 7385 kPa 027i (542K _ S042 098 “2 Tr From the compresility chart, at these coordinates, 2099 pV= mkt over tem_ fst gmoney | Tora ural [rbe206c xm 2580.95 =204 pmol | macon ieee o aR] 4 Basi: 106 a °F and 147 pia PN,=20,R,7, —atheresenoir pV=anRT usc 1 _ 120+ 460 80 6 (contin) 7" tows) — 5aSolutions Chapter 14 000 1000 Garman” ors For propane: Te 370K pe and R= 018855 (Pay ka) 204272 _ Reduce temperature = 136 Reduced pressure Froma generalized compressiliy chat 408 sad T= 135, 2 080 ar Solutions Chapter 14 Bass: | gio! GCI caw = 11256) pe 4518 kPa T.624k 2 ons: x0 is mao! These values fl below the gaseous region inthe compressibility chart here uC! it ota gus. Tesa liquid (pgr= 1.107, so hat the volume (1) 112 861.107 = aa Basic Dats on gases cited in rblem, The cubic fut stsocaed wih “165 and 240 probably means that the ‘alues seth reapectv volumes ofan ies aro standard conditions, bec he ‘lume aust forthe gates in part below ae gute diferent than the ated luc. (continir | ee | fa m2 52) | | sete gas wa aos | Veen wetcn 29 Paes 2, 28 es wrorcy= 288 Hay jmorcne= (aml Trereore hen, > Men, | | pw, ~ Rr, | Bocca Te=288 Kno" 508 aim | RT OHSKOTNSID, Jen I5— au Tans“) - BER) (Atstndar conditions: = 1.00) | bec | px USING eH encores) “TECH Check with ine - 163-90 = 123 beyindr 105-95 = 135 b epinderau | The answer sit depend on the gs temperate andthe presse, pV =zaRT apis the eal pas li represented by = Iv and fora on-idesl gs, canbe gene et sa eprint p= EE, Sopa pa tie Vf te of oles and temperate (he volume of yiner is xed). The pressure prditon by ‘heen pa nw wil be conservative higher han he epee) for 2 I and lower than the te pressure forz 2) MrzaRT R= constant Pavia 2an2R constant, th vol ofelinder peo 345 oom monnigsied 147 pigiaen [343 am 390 Solutions Chapter 14 er eee Soe Sy <0 1073 Ts molKeR) 0.47 wf 0.73680} sre 2014.Tpsia | (Ib molX°R) Lee Me _ 1924 7px _[u26n RT os) | 6k TomoiyrR costae “(0447-04279 mol 3 0.020 met se oflos= ee or i 175 mole) 100 ppm = 100 (0°*)4.09 1 mot) = $4.09 10-4 aol (continued)Solutions Chapter 14 467 10467, 9) 6m 0.0279 me coon 20278 on 227 Bet a5530 700 ime ra 8) TheCO slams would go ono ale people in the building 1416 | 8) Thedensiy ofthe gt mst be 2.0 gm? MW ie Sis 2808620 |W ~@228086)= 0.0712 golem LetT-298K. Alboz= 1 and V, very pe peta. v ssa emoixky Atm Jf “>A »)— Foralower pressure, we aes dene gas (ower MW), ©) Ato high temperate, you cnnot pet adequate density, unr Basis 240" methane a 80°F and 19647 pia. Assume the muberof moles doesnot change 2M aTy, baVa” aRT2; — Solutions Chapter 16 mde Tae pelea 2 | cateuaon of | Metane > 1, =1907K — 7) =0°F > 29980 29922K | 6 Tonk 77 1337 am ise "299 2,083 Caklaon of 2; 1 = (1980 pig 147 pint 5 pig) 138.7 p= 00 e+ 147 79g) 208.08 | | _ 208.08 am “8am 78 v= 200 9868225107 Yoo) = 62797108?Solutions Chapter 14 Rr HoGaifomieno Om) te ‘58am 41.68 ‘smi (458.1m)(6797« 10cm") kh" GSBEDKVRZONONS) #152445 gel ¥ S797 «006 7152485 gel wise SE o1305 106119647 pss) cs) Solutions Chapter 14 @uaes 23099 ny=105 Ifyou use the Pitzer acetic, fr air isabout 0036 [ane vze 211999 + 0.22 (036)~ 1.00 | n= 1.05 +003 0036)= 105 1s Bass: Gas 50am and 640PR From te compresibiy chars Serres} sohao2 11 mot _[359(0.88) act | 0 _ fais actual Ry ouanate em pees 10 Gre 1 ad | ruse pV = 2aRT twice scottSolutions Chapter 14 Sotuions Chapter 16 pa eeRT ivi aniRT, » ny I rol = 415 cra 1420 Basis intl gas a 200 pig and nal ga at 100 psig MW CsHle=28 ‘nit an 2g a0 r= 105 we as) ae Aterate way ges owe the Pitzer ascent fact. sftre cosine) 210.910 + -0023,0085) «0.91 3037 + (01059X0085)=038 trial balance | wiswenae Wa-Wi=281 m—m=2828=1 a) Wee We=250 ‘Soe (and (1 yield; 0089 2 Mass of ini (28 by ($0.41) = SITAR ag) We oteytinder= (222 249) - TEE) (0.089) (28) =249 <_ vate samsteniomn ery van = 180 urn = Pais 3.616 ws eon tee tsa an | Liss: 100 gas (contin) _Solutions Chapter 4 mol mol, co. 1 4-440 ay” cata 30 100 ns a-2S.135 m0 BS 1asm Ty’ = 0.10 08.2) +040 (190.7) +0.50 280.1) = 24825 K ‘= 010,729) +040 (458) +050 (505) ~ $0.86 am aus Gace? Gao From Fig. intext, 2.78 sak , st aft (* Jos ° Gaede) | ‘LeAis pra —_ Solutions Chapter 14 aa 020 10H | ganco, 100 Bass: gasas above 1° = 120) (63.0) (0.80) 72.9)= 7092 am Te = (020 (5163) + (080) 804.2)" 3466K 00 68 3, Auman jon Re OTS KM gm) Lat 180 1804s i Ye From he compressibility chan, p22 ,p = 77)Solutions Chapter 14 Basis: S40 kg gus @ 393 K, 3500 kPa absolute Commonest kg ktmal moleftstion pam TAK ch i) Co =o a alls m0 800 os2 2s cate 0 34S at a0 M 2 12 om Bs Las Toul so 1945 1.000 | Fe= (0329 an +(o4ay 00s +017) (97 +080 (126)~2628.K = (0.321) (45890412) (48.2)(0.175(42.1940.092) 3.5) ~ 4496 atm 393 3300) wn 39 mya BR= 1.0 pi 3500 0 From Nelson nd Obert Chant, x= 0935 MW (avenge) = p= 300K 7.8 eg (K) eg ma 393K [0.935 [eg mot [8.31 Pom) ws K and 5500 40/1945 =27.8 keke mol Solutions Chapter 14 Sommonnt on me cate 0s7 soso * ow 480192 te ons 1026 zane 48.31 y= 120. 28 30 wR 20 BE 30 (07018205909) _ Feo ma - = (ease vee any BE sm pmel sain (L2EHP) 00 i 2 107 19 Enq 2-070 ae 612 02 0395 msSolutions Chapter 14 = ne creams come hs | ere 5 | B02 os | wy = 35 : fo Bola m oS ‘Avg Mol wt = (0.60428) +(0 4040) ~32.8 hb mot pV mT pe. (00K18.71300) BAT * (095K I0.71,760) =570 mal Assume capacities ae given a storage conditions. Then ype IA is selected becuse it (he cheaest, ‘Naber of tanks required = sagen Solutions Chapter 14 1426 Steps 2,3. and Assumes contauou process although bch process Would be acceptable and give the fame resus, su po gas et we; Mae wan ‘e aos; { to Lc @ pn Sen5: Basis Gat given condos Stepan: Vatsowne EP alaces CHa, N ett eet of fea =0 Siensands cota 480 ayy 83 so 147 75 29 - 2540) (cootived) a7Solutions Chapter 14 Soltis Chapter 4 254014659492 Basis: 1004g=F AS 6SD) = 1.157 mol | 1A. TKS30NO30) | consent MW emo mol TAK) atm is ee ca, F(020)+ 1.157 =P(050) Ta oss oz sagas | Tou FeList=P 0616 gtk Fe1928ibmol —P=3.085 fom 100 1082 1.000 | uat SiS: Basis: Uh , = 48.6 (0.592) + 403 (0.299) + 34.6 (0.109) =446 —_ Colette the kg fF pet | Stps2,3.and 4: Stendy ste open system | = $62.6 (0.592) + 593.9 (0.299) + 619 (0.109) ~ 578.1 | | 258.0 25a 96 a sa eat rp oma M00 FT Seprmar 2 "tte oy fe Toptier aso ed Ste a 2 -28tamlas | _ho.sa agenda i eens mer (0) Tm BS1AGPaN OTR 247g mol = €247) (100)(1.082)= 30017 ke, ey 30,000 kg ‘The materiel blaces are ink. Beene ey 7 ee Fe ‘Convert Fo moles and hen o mas Steps Unknowns: Fy her hy (oniSotetions Chapter 14 “The balance inka only 3 ate independent ass balances) (0895) + +P (0.06) (0088) + mu (009) Xp 30000(020)~ (0021) +m,,+ (085) Toa! 30000 = + 98004F) ry, yy + my = 900 Solutions Chapter 14 sent Solutlon: Using (1). 2, (and (6 via Polynath is y= $500 kat = 14,700 keeImmediate but approxinte peer. 2e ct butrequves aces to handbook 3b Good accuracy, neds clelation of 42 Good accuracy, more complicated calculation than b even in. program q vith data bve | se May requ ong search tof out a good value For other answers ok at the anaver P15. 182 Wit et the mos accurate valu, and be quick, assuming you have the handbook tat comans the required dat. For her anawer, look te answer o PIS Some valid anowers re (1) ccatinaous analytical functions, and hese functions can bediteentised [ saditegrted (2) bighersecumcy (with complex equations) 184 pe Bef. 2 ‘The results for BY = ae shown inthe Excl able Below. You can deci how much sccurny is node am. terms taco 100, 1.90 oss 095 190 so oe oss 00 10 =a 076 00 20 oo 079 00 5090 90 00 1000 as 095 100, soc 0.98 099 100, Iss Basis: 460g CO, 1 RK Equation | SPACOAht AE soassipmolco, = 304.2K, pe= 7385 kPa 658 Pa) CK" ot? | b=00297 mg mot Geroxe") Gemoixk) R=8314 0995 imal (3141290) _ ess [P0995 0.097” asasomes--oaRTTIGT" _ (conta)Solutions Chapter 15, Solutions Chapter 15. SRK Equation: Te= 29020420953, ed Rts = AAESESL S02) sy spear? PR Pe nou 31990082 , eo oa Oa wt = 1670 pia 8)" (00 mol 1909) __G79290.040)_ b=0.3536 io mel ‘985—0uT97 O95099S +0057) a9 no 82.1997 he ate An(1+ 0863-0959) «1080 ve 355 £216 mel | paints we No significant difference. Solving p= 1335 psa 156 Therefore, th reding on the presur gauges incre ’ vnc) “ eee eee b= Ugmot Pact Colelate he mols oN. => dean ‘ Te4053K + 29K PLoUiaim — 16X6peia 20250 sor 860k R=10.73 (sin) (8) (m0 CR). 20 tm = 29339 psa Tee Wa Mtt7295= 1179Solutions Chapter 15 Solutions Chapter 15 Tere e={l+x1—12°yf «09890 = 037464 +1 54260-02690 o? = 0.1276 9-299 8/to mot 120-4 n+ 568 Pie ens Fou 0» 558-1497 8m ot 50°F 810 Invoduce Vito he PR egation. Prom Polymath 189 Basic CO; a0 81 prigand 25°C | | Prem in cen (8.0 psig 147 psi) (a7 si) = 651m | Temperanse 25°C = 298.15K =3042k VentbasemFl706n)=s156m? 729 um n= 200; 1225 Cath Oy +NaHiCD, + COs" H0+ NCH, Using Peng-Robiason equation 2 (00a b7RT-H'p)-2*(VYa 208-3 uations => {(e)= a1 (0K)-(02Jop-—RI)-V 96 Jon=nr)—v4 a=bea—b'eT-b'p p= an-20RT-26"p sro BEE s-o4n( #2) b= 0.07780(RT,/p,)=26064 Ty9388:1519082~0980 (002739810) 17.1240.984) i chy? =0990 | Pfr 0372 TADAU ABT «03720 40.721 OSTA e-[iext-ert)"] «1007 | 0316426002090" 070 cians)Solutions Chapter 15 R= 82.06 (em Yay. molNK) The idea gas aw gives 0233 mol CO; Ta20818K | p26 aim Inada he values int the PR equation o get = 0.220 ol CO; 42420 e1CO, |) mo NaHCO,|84.00 NSFC, TE TETCOT Tmo CO, | Tmo! Ne HCO, oo 200mm ec Cale he mole entering the compres 00 Solutions Chapter 18 | vars Soot, nassis Aa oni 8 ea “8 meni Use Van der Wal equation: (o Ae the inti ges forthe numberof moles in tte 1 se he del gs ow some) RF, stays) HOSEA The numberof molest condition 1) is btn’ fom (son QE ana) 314129, oo a a pom THI nectigeel | | soe or v | v= fai a SK an 60Solations Chapter 15, sit Pa" Pe*barometic pressure T=273-50=223K ew39-+1=40 0mm at: amt owns ‘atten weave ae Ikekeme ttm! sa cao ccc, Enea tgmo! Tem For propane: WO9K, peo 42.004, w= 0.152 = 0.374641 5472(0.152)-0.269920.152) = 0.60289, Sotto Chapter 15 | e=11+0.60283-L00686)F =0.92 a —. RK oS xtoaanyK"Xentyg me? 62.7 enigma PR 1O04xt0%(amyen')ig:m0)' $63 enigma! Radich Kwong: | Pee Robinson: Desermie the volume at condition of ate 2 (383 K, 4900 kPa) (10: 225086), ons99)-conoeaion) (=26m) state? 1813 FerC0, $0225 and T.=3042K, p= 729aIm 62.751 Kem a b=299em/g mt | Compute resus: Redich-Kwong=[1559.6 00 (ctSolutions Chapter 15 ‘The experimental molar volume = ast R= 8314 Pa) (weg ml) (K) = 6458 kPa) (0) (KS beg 0.0297 mgm) 1230) 6458 W291 10) WaT I 1.876 mg mal fom Poh 104 v Ss4kg ol vie T=420R (REV) gc gnyyp MO end yea) R707 yee) Bass: 1.0 mot sh ioe a moun “Taos Gamma) sen 39240 Jom) |= Gaa say om Ts) 3593 sa 20° Fa) Gra-w) 393 _ sor 420° Tye -) (741-0)Laon $9206)900)__—_ 1001617206 an ‘qens21.) Goo Ueosyvante TH “7-79 Basis: 0 1 water a 900°K \aem'ignel ‘7 | | Foret Te s163undp.= 634m | 16.3 am fom Appendix DI (27.6 atm forthe CD) ead 1 Use Vander Waal” equi, 2064cnym| 674K . ; CRXg a) ISS | Basi: Ethane a 10°F and 200 pig (MW = wos rite P2014 pia 108 T= S60 18 osm 1-2-2 19 ssc (S25 ares | i B | tengo ' Tes 474K; Penn 900 - E fon (one junepn sae ere tow where a=0.4278 EE | st : vuln 200 nen . ee od ~ fee staornoté Yee - ‘erate to find value of n. Use Exel ave this cube (continue)Sottions Chapter 18 1, Use the compressibility eto method 1 709 psa Sa9R nse 1 [20147 pi|_CRB mo weal od he Propane wilt] ‘SRK suiaon ‘Solutions Chater 15. [ies wane eh poe wit be higher for bo net System: Miter pls engine ope, steady ste tems] Mi Engine 299 wascar apm os ae [sims nas 1 espa ase | op etsettamaie sud | Unknowns: regu] dee eedom 0-1 ‘leet ances: CN HO [to senda! the equator re independent, _ cosines)Solations Chapter 15, Tu = SORES OE TIE aga 2N: A(0.29)= 115.680.7441) A= 108.96 kgm 20: aonsoy020 1154 oon noses. 208, 2002) | neg not | | T=-16C-2556K — V=0190m0? 190s en) | ‘Vander Wl’ ent: exe") pay) setae HEE) 5 are . rae SE 5 ars at penis poset ml Test | sonnon: p= (S=IOTaR) Use Relish Kwong eanation: as tsesnn EAM ro oS ‘Selutons Chapter 15 1520 ‘sume a continuous proces although batch proces Would be acceptable and ve the | same reat, ‘Sto. 3.and a ‘i mol, MW ier git oso N00 2 me, 0 O20 cate T | Bio No Timms @ so pigane 7 ‘Sten: Basis: G at given conditions Uninowne: FP ° Di ema Stee 6 and 7 | Sten and: | { Calculate G: Use Vander Wass ogution 6s aamyen’) = 8 9m Re sagg emten) war eam 84K cat ws a= 44810! aim (en!ig mol? D=S72 cng molSolutions Chapter 15 : | (ae be Hgeeit [822 73] mammans 216 =F) | [pe Stat with n= 550 en! olymath Resale ___ ti Gees 7s6omte 4776806 550 | MLE Renn seen) ening equations {IY Ra) = (9.8 00239%0°3)943262.57.240) 2416790 Sexings ‘Mc Herations = 150 TolernceF =O 0000001 Tolerane X Bolesss Let Pe the bt of gsi the fd and Fe the bol of swith 20% Ci Solutions Chapter 15 [Cie FO 155= POSH [tou + L655=P (=PSolutions Chaper 16 Solutions Chapter 16 1: 2.0% 3.6) 46% 5.0% 6), (©) 40°C; 6) 190; 6) 60; (6) Compound B @ gh isthe saruated curve 0 alee the sated tigi curve |) canis the saturated vapor curve (@) fst the ei the gud phase (6) heph othe ight the vapor phase (0 aegh below ithe aud vapor region (cin the xia point Rigi conn eperaas Te (© igeinn constant pressure ine tea | centinktepnpe cthal pt Lit-#/- Conta purse iw | - soburate carve, satu igais | ray Sa ce oa ea phe tein ms 0 fie Ate 7 (oh tower (0 higher over (0 cans: (ower {Shihes 0 mee (ite ore ower ihr 1s From the p-T dag for water you can sce that sing the pressure by large mov on acon empresa po fom te pho a *Solutions Chapter 16 169 ‘The vpor pret of methanol i ess tha that of gasoline so that at ower tempeatres the flor mitre flint or combustion. Astomotve pars canbe made of seo tolernt trials sucha suisse or other ‘uosin resistant materi and ative tothe methanol such t 15% gasoline ean ‘sipsove the problem of difcul cold-wenher engine arts, Append G(T sink) cD dicinc (0) Acetone 0" teen hy 726 a = 7055 mmHg ogo) nr tsa742 mat p= 12289 mm Hg tet ithe Antoine Equstion sing the tre data pois to get A,B, and. In a ig ke nis 253 1898 150 ase Solutions Chapter 16 33904 11898)" ara” 1254)= A-< Bwana IANS MT (441.90)= AB —__ 0011 IMLS)" Aan a | Te station fom Polymath is Jawi6sss6— B=27078 NAC, no 16338 p= 939 mm ig Ate rpe pon al he phases (oi gid ad vapor exist equibam. Therefore, the vapor presure of gud ammonia = the vapor pressure of oid ammonia 15.16 ~ 306377 = 187-3754 1683 No. Itita ype, Probably the number was 38.8°C because if you equal the pressures fom the two equations, T= 371. 75K, or 8.7C.Solutions Chapter 16 Solutions Chapter 16 DATA: Focbenzene (p*is in He snd Tink) [tone ogc? (oecty* ry earn . soo 31477 1165329 0.1130 opry= 159008 2788p 760mm Hig ng) = 6.6331 Sis 323331 15.5619, 3.53600 Spa Maes 195.0208 1721000, T= 359K agree wih database on CD Samer Mau 23.9313 213000 Som 382856 2osaarr 12880000 Seis 358576 aisars 245.60000 Le Sous Sener n03t67 4§3700000 | 7 poe Sones 370488 nssor9 73320000 Inipty= 160137 2962p 760mm Hg Gis27 378561 2sit6 143400000 | e2iag3a2I4 2wn0166 2537.00000 | 7 =383-7 agree wih daa base on CO Inpt=atbla T+ (aT reas +a? "THR COFFFICIENTS ARF Merge the wo equations (AL MW=27) sriggaset a 790261 « an tte smaris & 39s 6 We 1058310? PO2T hee p, ON” = coe eee 3 aon 1617 Bavedon doa fom he stem bles Thesohtion fom Polynath is Site 1 aid Soe 3: said Sate 5: gui (surat) rar ‘State 2: sperbected vapor State 4: saturated vapor State 6: vapor (saturated) ‘You can oes the properties ofa mixture of vapor and guid in euilibram (fora single component) fom te individual properties of he sauated vapor and sxustd Tui by verging the roperis ofthe evo satused phases ‘The weghts ae the teapetive seus ofeach phase.Solutions Chapter 16 1618 Based on dss fo the stem abies ‘Seat: satuated vapor Sate 3: wo phase (stuated gud and wap) Site 2: saturated gud State: supebeated vapor | atorthe values of specie volume ae obtained using VR agg ge Wi | | ¥ da fom the stam ble | [ia 9-05 (1.673) +05 (2001083) ~0.837 mag | ) ¥=05 (06058) +0. (0.001073)= 0.305 mg (© ¥=0313808)+07 0.01613)= 10525 9m (@ 9 =0.7(1.888 +03 0.0187) = 1.2968 frase Jonononanonor j — | ss21 ! Use ota fom he steam bles athe initia onion of p= 101.33 kPa and ature vtr etm phases. | ij=1oucmPgand 9 =1673 0m ‘Then th mas of bth phases in the container an be called Solutions Chapter 16 | (008m) (00 emim)*/ LOM emg 283768 7297! (00enin'/16B.0emiig~ L238 ., =30511¢ ‘the ial contons al ofthe gud has been evaporate, and oly saturated vapor will exit ving specie volume of (6.00 (100 cain? 30,511 9983 cag Interpolating inthe on bes Jenene onssyenlgpsiessan cae (eazd (1985.29) kPa 1985 2:2055.1 kPa = (9.09.98) ig (9.09-95 28) omg Basi: 10 bot water Sotevoume: Vo !28 ase From stam ables (in fb) at 80 psa 4, -000157 ae 545Selutions Chapter 16 ss (0-xY0.01757) + x{5.475) = 4975 | =i) | Masso 2(001)- 0164 Mast apr i 210506 L818 The yohue oli Nema 0qaartsy | Teli of vaperis | an 8.09- 5) | Basis: 210 1b water Specie vole: V=(1-0)9, 24%, 3 osha Specific volume of water = From the stem bles Specific volume of sturted gui, F000 088 mg Solutions Chapter 16 ‘Then, 0.175 »(1~x) 0.001 088+ (0.414) | The quality = =H) 164 ‘Sine the two phases coexstin equilibrium, we havea sarated mitre, andthe Pressure must be he saturation pressures the given temperate: =p" @.90tc= TA] [ALOIC, Vand, value eV, = 2001056 gan 9, = 2361 hg A oe votume occupies By ean pase | vewe wend om9, ~( kgh0.001 mg) + (244y2361 ming) = [ETE] ny (ripe eee | Azzememmncttetat ninesSolutions Chapter 16 Solutions Chapter 16 25.00 1.965 0 roe . see oa S2et 1626 ‘The hot oi apie the water andthe eeeasein volume inthe system caused the amaze 1627 et es Prepare a Cox chr as described in the text_ Use smog paper with he horizontal axis wee) login Obtain veral sale rules by use of stam properties a even iter forthe —— ‘epee. Or you can se Antone Equation, Appendix Go gel2 poets and daw a Pn sno line betmeen hem, eon Odean 00 (@) Ammonia 270, 1500 (@ Bthane 97 750, 128 Step or epi # Cox Char ing water te efoemnc | |. Ontogartie paper se up the pressure scale on oe axis. The other axis wil be | a noliea Lempert cle which wl est up by he folowing metho. Draw diagonal lin from the origin to the oposite omer ofthe gh From the sam tbls, cian vas forthe vapor pressure of water at evenly saced tperatreererents (one)| 1629 Solutions Chapter 16 4 lot these vapor pressures along the diagonal ie 5. Now beginning wit the frst pola onthe gona, reine extending from tha point the temperate xi an abel he nersecton athe comesponding tempers fr tha vapor pester 6 Repeat step five for every pint onthe diagonal line. Tis process wil esablsh the temperature sale 7. Using te established persue sae plot the dats for benzene and draw aline throug the points 8. From ising, obtain he vapor presue fr benzene at 125. ‘The vapor pressure for benzene a 125°C (257) is ented tobe 33 atm. ‘The procedure isthe same a ote for P1628. The reult rom he Cox chai that the vapor peessue fr aiine at Betis Za Solutions Chaper 16 1690 Fromthe CD a scopic te tet he espcve apr peices 30K in | incensing wave stinmmiiz ‘PEL (oam) Bune 6S 1000 Mesme! 1387 20 MBE” oe i00 | tervals op ae sou th amet ive he relieves fie PEL |ma Basa: Data given in problem statement Ho Re mae '=3.s36kPe [p= 101340 () Pe“Pe,+Pao™ (1013 43.536) kPa = (GESEPR] Hp _ PHD _ 3.536 oo jo Pq com He i Pa 760-141 7459 mm Hg Proldtemie Keates Rangel en Basis: 760:mol sual gas (or we 100) 2 oles 0) o 210459) =1866 ™ 79 (0459) =5893, Cate 7 760 For complete combustion Celli +9 1202-4 602+7 0 4. mol Celt equi 14.1 (.5)= 134 mol O> rece Solutions Chapter 17 [1366-1422 mal Opec jira |) Votume increases (0) Pressure ineesses [ima molt. CCINO2 = 1645 Basis: 1 mo sere gas mali couno, “hn tie 98 0 100 krf0.02 91 OC1NOs 60mm ae Tae FREES 150mm, Using linear interpolation, which ay introduce alight err 150 mm He crerponde sviseliee) 289.5K) Bass: 10010 at 100 kPa ad 165°C 100m", eure la | kg mol air seal are PRE sm arascl aSolutions Chapter 17 [Wat maiCOING et sigeGN, 2.02 mal CCLNO] i ‘Omar |TkgwoICC,N Bass: | mo i Poo (012)=1013eP4 (012) =n ‘The dewpoint isthe empersure a which yo"12.21Pa,o fromthe sea ables 323K 6 Avnet ak wih fis with he ards hd vapors AF. Te presen ‘he ank with ir wil become ater the afer (10 14.7) 13 ~ BET hence the seal wil pouty upure ding the toner na MoO, “052 Hg a 75, p= 087 ing Basis: 12,000 eat 75°F and 29.7 inHg abohte foot asia asyesen| west CEES Soltis Chapter 17 nn Basis: 1 gal benzene (pg 0.879, MW 78.) a 750:mm Hg, 70% (3600 8!) 300447) Moles of sir 91800 leeaeaeem ORT os Co paren | ote ofenzee = WHOSE «654 op Co rae 9.1840.094 = 216 901 smo = [ETE sherefre beneath explosive init Basis: 3808 Ci, ~ Os mite 25°, 745 mm Hg BY, 04904705) paren kr” Geonames 1S) 147 Y300Y 1). gonna (ees) )ia)-0™ Pee at60YC= 149.6 mm He Yao = «0201 yo "(0201 06T1)=0135® ot otindGi» 50, 4300, -40 You get {mal HsOinol Cit on ection ‘Therefore moles Cy: = 0.138 mol 0: =0874~0.135 = 0.739 mol $2 ass 408454950) = BER] a 745 mm and 25°C Vig, 7390-296 SE] 2745 mm and 25°C ry "lephant azls ave an average body temperate ever degrees higher than ous. That ‘meas ther breath can hoa bit mre mals than ous end on ht da. hat ence most could have been ut enough for condensation oscer ‘But there ae oer reasons the elephant seas breath may bave ben casero se. tt | ould be tai was a few degrees colder on he Beach than where te observer wa ted [And 88 you know if you bve eve experimented with setng you breath, he bigger Volume of ir, the more moisture avaiable a condense out and so the condensed | moire was mae visible. rat J) vic exssirsatuation occurs Thes with pu = 1004s Pu = 100(0014)= 1.4KPa which CELE from Perry lies or ue Abie Eg. and wave rT Ch 1a 10.5) =15 9008 Solutions Chapter 2798.51 Ta36 os mm AD 0 5) Repeat for ph, =80-Ps (60 mum Hg coreponding ti | I Bases | Male the ais saat, pi, =236in Hg an pr ing, i 2.36 C © 7304236) mel wal” aa, 2.940 sir mo af 399? SC] 0° Tb molar [92% ERS] ar 120 Fand29.6in. te octane @ gee 29 air Bhat [tbe Tool aid 1142 IG po 29.2int 20 6a TIRE fom tte Coy 2730 in He = [CORD which sats the action ofthe volume,| Soutone Chapter 17 Seltions Chapter 17 7 og = mo ma Atego the pros fis vapor presare Sten Basi: | min tay, 1 7292H10% golly Sms2..and4: Sytem loti pls wat el syste, open : To pe Smal i . sera pps 122210 | eee. Sem i Par =a poe 0 | ; = o" Semel moll soar Sons ‘Basis: 1.729 x 104 g mol Hg. woken | Air 0m) 2 | 172910 pi 200.5100 ; | ae ak deli | Paeacare=23eire . puma aoe (tn } 20) | eT [293.15 K|\100 em [83140ePayn’) osm sR 1809 Ga | foo.skal (kg molnik) [000572 44% 120°C and 99.SkPa 1231 « 10%kg mol= 1231 » 10? gol Ce ™ siee6.7.8.an48 1565 8 20° nd 99540 [Phe ton of waters 234120 sy x00195 Level inet ace | The les oP come fom Cebit rend Amery cn blend wp rena tte by ing wit su, ben | vaccuing wi ct cereal asd ft ace) peep, wich | taste -o01s — peoszi gt | [Prntientetaer or | Teinmce septate at a he ssunptnstieme | vetiltio”is ot very good approximation une the surfie ofthe mercy i aber | 0821 1.00195 -0015)=0793 gmat large or theres tly no ventilation inthe streoom, 03.15 |ssi4 Paya) —— oie aso coredSolutions Chapter 17 Assume equilibrium, ACTS, fom the Antone equation. the vapor presse of benzene 90mg ‘Assume ihe Barometer i 760 am gab, wolBe p90 wolBe molar” py 70-90 ola 28) The OSHA limit is | pp over our The above greatly exceeds this nit 8) No, because the garage is probably not well vented and le fa water hers in the garage, te LEL (Lower Beploive Limit) may be excnded wna6 Bass: $0 aie212992 jn Hg and 10°F Po ASO = 036in Hg ‘The amount of water per hours saionslandlernesce ustuolus BHD) cn | Th (39907 [S90 | 2957 Hoe Ib ak Aernate solution: make at and water balances, nar Basi: the The question aly is: does the Ha condense at 150°, or sit ella vapor (and this not called. Themwleofigae: 40000 (0023410%) BUH BSL «9 o45m et ‘The moles of gs are iorng the He: ‘A008 pel Rte 9 a yn ag soto ‘The paral pesue ofthe Hg inthe B88 Pa, | @.68+10°\142) 5.610" pin [ns He il main yapor and not onde,| ‘Setutions Chapter 17 : Fae , i samme ———] srvcue [ape (298 : Smee fe ‘eet ; po walt Beto metasce OS a ae Be | Rey sat Sanne SC | (0332 ms 0) Sym _Rebiasatr satan Sepa6and?; Ustzowns: Ws and alice: HO sar Scoatand 999.12) «war 02.) vo-nn(tit}-wonfg) | nae sic «u(t =o 185 ata 0459 Teak 5718 Wy +P Buin 2049 30(04619 18) = ERMAN Solutions Chapter 17 (outed) al io atic ostiaHe 028 pie | sim 2tsam g=181 kPa From steam tables p*= 192 kPa Thus r= 100-181 =9818 PS pay 100~192=9808 Sten: Basis is 100 Mol F icp Unknowns: W, P Gal ww ewer ‘Alp = 7) vapor pressure relationSolutions Chapter 17 Solutions Chapter 17 “The evga has one Tale een HO, 0119) =O wal aw W (152) #036 mol HO, ‘The exits bat 98.08 mo dy i the ext yoo yo (0)= aa 1005097 KP From the team tables, his eonespnds to about "or ae Antone Ee leo} Nove: Tekin 6 of (1.92) 0.96 and viding by 100 instead of (pis wrong. The answers chose o correct becouse ofthe very sal mount of wate. v0 Basia: 1000 st iro 99 KPa and 30°C oe AAFC = 0.655 pin 31.8 mm He 424 ke } tomm| tig! | 94Pe |273K 9 AIS mw aclionsePalsonk 27° rio tees agat Jest ayn Ini |e otto 293 (44) -satamatno | ni ot r= 393 (2428 ‘At 14°C and 133 kPa thai sil saturated and nae = 37.62 kg iceng 20282 pia = 11.9 mm Hg=1S9KPE= po @lEC | eyp*0d6kemat 1.68 -046~ 122 kg mol or Assure combustion f complete and the gst reds The proces top, tly Sate with reaction The fist objectives o make ater Balances, 6.8350, 4200, +3,0 SepS: Basis: 100moI Cale upd: Theenterng Onis The exces Oi (0.20) (50) = Tosl Osis ‘The Ne is 420 (8)- 031) Sips 6 and 7 | __unuovn:4e ompoens of ee sconeSolutions Chapter 17 Solutions Chapter 17 ame CON paTaeT —— Dept oe 0 Stand? alas nl Fatt C2000) a My = 200 mol a 2 lion, 3 158 not at He 6010 ae 0 not a om 0 012)= 2 hae !ng, ty 20! oan ‘es 21500 ‘The dewpoit is the temperature a which he ie ga i satiated 0. dee pt SF pr 03404 He ten and: LUnisowne: FA, W uation: Material balances: C, H,0 (the ath is ignored) Stops s.and9 balances ae in moles n= out) Tose: C: (O8OFKI/I2)= (0.404004) 100 F=216 Bor 180 mol [rosea: N80 A079) A= 10127 mot Fey Pe 22 comity 40k. [:tis pressure of 20 oregon rom the steam abe) Hydrogen tom the dry oa ps the water in the oa is (MEW H 2164006), 25 2t6|_1_ [2] 23 216 7 54 ot A: pee =03824=y'40 Pu =y'an890) Yao =00121 ‘The water in Ais (0.0120 (101.27) = Toul H.0 in: w. 191 boot (coninue)Solutions Chapter 17 ‘The dew poitis | | ER 2990) - 221 inHg een {rnas Or Calelate he ni and dtl aio he diagram Basis: 100 mol sythess ga Unknowns: Ro.Now Put? (wan Balas C,0,H,N, Ea,= (independent equations) Use element balances +260+05 +n@ Setutions Chapter 17 +Bimsse age v4 Basis: 100 mo ass leaving absorber cH, 420, 300,42840 0.8335motN,|0.21m010, Jo 79min, moto, 1BetC0. 91108 mi CO, 108335 -0.1108 = 0.0557 ml #30; 0.00557 (20)= 1.114 Deve point = TOS 1.114 psa 1) Accomstant temperature of 130, the gas must be compressed ul the patil pressure ines and becomes egal te vapor resrure in orer to reach the pit of ondenation. From Stam ables, th apo pressure of wate at 130°F is 2223 pia ‘The tt ress al which he paral press of water (mol action = 0.0557) will Pun =Pne This is equivalent temperature of [OF fom the steam ble (40°C)a Solutions Chapter 17 Basis: 1 Ib mol ofbenzene fee air oa Jconeicrrame = pTeeume sac = aL Petipencetteane = 18h = 0505 Bratt 2srieouinenes 202 Petal ares ig | ‘at prt pressreofbenzene in ir = _4S.4 => (1025 1b nol benzone » 0323-0023 = 03 mel Cats eovered (2,00) (325) 2 pigs 103+ 742 £45 mtg | rial pressure of benzene inthe reyced ic Sotutions Chapter 17 Supa2.3.and Air Omen Air, _ eee 700 ib het sohds YO% Hed ‘The dewpoint of 14 gives py» 1493 | suns [oss 100% wet sos in DS oe dy si) Sips and 'BDS balance: 601% BDS 090 (wet sls ou) ets ou = 65.7 Froma otal blanc 100~ 65. 3.3 Ib H:O evaporated ~ 1.85 Ib mol HO evaporated. | Forthe si, Assume the sr exit at 1.0 im Conaitiniz. 00a = 138% rew Peay = ser |__composionout — Hs0'8 “2300 - 18.7% (comme)Soutons Chapter 17 Ae = ‘Qveratlaoe (no) on the sas hase at LBS Au Aicbline oon he 2 ohase 09875 Ag=O813 A ‘Au=8619Tb:mleswetairin tener rearatpe ee (Se 2 F507] ot wet ir @ 800 me Hy and 20°F feo | Bais thr Coke amount be varie components in the ps ase ase 1.0 in=006ysecienion) 1,0 ot erat: PreMOK=S51KP= Pao no = SLE 0319 yma ToKPa ©, in You = 00055 €0, ou You 0125 Solutions Chapter 17 Assume the oher in an et i Ns ‘heen gain Seo anita | man T booelestaaae Tht pombe shin oma eee 24870-0-000085-021)=0,(1-00319-0125-00909 n= 29 egal ‘none horinthe ead sat the eles of COs pron were 29,85(0.125)~2837(,00085)=3.72 kg mot ‘The mole of conned were 2887(021)-30.14(0 0804) =3 64 kg mol 9a]Settons Cape 18 Salas Chapter 18 \ a : | a: gat gen poten stent 1g P if w 0m92—Pa2 = Pde 9 «256408 | j | 9 ome Pie a Pit i 2800 \E | peewee =ts00n ‘80°F, ~0067 pin om the sean ies = too (2:96) [01.6-19.97 ALAD"F, Payg = 0.1217 pia 1 | ty = 0 TS) onesie) ED ‘NS8'F, pon = 0238 pia | (Relves oy tay 22217 | 7 .. | Osten SH 00 238 | (©) The mol ction of 130 vapor i consian on comprstion ules saturn i | ached. Abe nial conditions ()Dewpein veces 0.2457 pin AC2T°C, pg =252EPS, The actual pressure of the water apo is cbsined fom | (easSolutions Chapter 18 T= 40°F Pino = 5 878 in Hg po 30in Hg 11003 mol 001 BDA = Basis: | wo BDA mot 0s RTH DF BATH oF ~ 20291 = YH yp 30(.0291)= 0.874 in He aie 30(1-00291)~ 29.1 in He @)—%rel burity= 05s = 100) fF From steam bls, pwr ~ 0.6982 psin. Assume constant pressare ding the proces Patil pressure of water, py = (0.85) payrp = 0 593 pa Prt pressure of dy a, ry =Total pressure — p= 14696 0595 J) Mota humidiy Solutions Chapter 18 aula waeapee | te wel eFay a Rayan Payor Humidey --Botwate vapor 0.0421 mol O18 HO mol LO _ ga botdyar” Baotdya | Barbra “Ol ‘Ssturaton temperature o the dw pon ithe tmperatr at which he vapor ressre of water wil become eal othe exiting part pressure of 399 pia By interpolation dew poin ZEEE] Number of deres of spebeat, = o0Hr s90F EB) ‘AL 15°F and 14696 pia, ll he water ill present vapor, theo pha omposion and hence the paral presures ae unchanged om hoe 80°F. ‘The moll humidity and dew pin ae these a 90°F ALCO and 14.696 pis, thes cooled below iain! dew point of 84C. Hence, water wll condense, and the resating wil be stursed with water humidity, Sd the pail press: 0.2563 ps Molar humidity continued)Solutions Chapter 18 Solutions Chapter 18 TP Tea Pee a ~ DOT mal water wal oa] (@) Water condensed Bast: 1.0m of dy sr ay Dae Se 20 ©) EGE Tee goo” Es 10 eal Be mal gas) ~ (LST moi mal Be T=25°C,pue=220 mm Hg, p= 800 me Hg, ence pie= 7978 mm He | mol water a! ravvnstaaur enone, | | | SP w © Feng PoP ae ine, 60°F, 1s = 0.0177 OLMIEE, Final 60°F, n= 0177 Al j i : vl wae ' Ve cndesel = 08-0.0177=00n0 St | . | ize | gad 22 tt agg | i | ° (© Fetes “——Tmlar 1 T gmat Be] > ©0073) | rin fthecria waer ee 22 ag | (@)Reaive Sunn» —P2— tees a Make (1) total balance, 2) an HO balance, (3) an ar balance. Two are independent. Pragit25°C=95 6am Hg Reb. Sattion = 5:22 $$$ [eq eee. 220gmoi nd 78gp2_[10° up| gma | a as eet | | 4 en mma | errs ee) rca | | | ec eae | | © ph te lesen? aaeepere | | 1o'yg] 18Solutions Chapter 18 187 To | _ | Bass: Aire T= 6 "Fan 22 pia ine Vr ont (© iit | pa. Va me Tey im Assume al ofthe waer evaporates, sd chek tron se ifthe assumption i te | Pee + Pro=. 90 Pas * A-Pnw Pans Vo Oy RT ‘The materi balances spl: al he nial sr = final, Pe Said S26 212 Pape” 180460 640“ 35.0- py Pan = 720 0 ‘Since p* ~7.51 sia ll ofthe water can evaporate and the sit wil not be saturated, 1,0 (00535 mot HO) () Basis: 1 Ate fina condition Solutions Chapter 18 Pao 120 Pao _ 0555 BOR on v 07918 _ (conimues)Satins Caper 19 Salutins Chaper 19 oo SS - | Jist= c2umses!| f= ons | Peon @ 1608 S18 amg j biz es bi nd [pin @ 160 °F = 245 mm tg pam | pian] | aie con at (0528) = 4108 pe Nat 28 Assume pentane isthe major contr tothe ga phase composition. a ae Pe For Raoul aw, ene ° sas Using be Antoine equation, a = (.919)000)_ song 1929 Bas: pnp @ 180°F = 460 mm Hg 9°50 @ 180°F > 388 mm Hg Lo part Page 46+ 08H] o eel H.0 Tmol Nop 318 877 Bett, an( 8) crm eon ott 1000 - 600 oe 1820 | Assume thatthe pressure athe Bast ofthe ake = Po. = eh varie with eit Ave deh = 225 m og LORENA ae tata 234m | 2am Mig, 2 teg, = 2 wos { Bo Theta etme, | | RO.GOOronH OfO0O Kg Nh 4 10P ot (continued) von | tk ao |Solutions Chapter 19 o01s4= eo, smal of CO ‘Tita0" sm, eo, LS 108g ae (Sto yes1gery pea Ke pian Eset] oe |Above woud be the worst cas, The CO; woul be les; Ro, average might be a beter choice ote ia which case Vo, would be, sy the eased amount For multiple component, the vapor pressure varies with composition as well as wih temperate, nd to be precise the composition should be aed. waa Apply Henry's aw to sole the problem, : P mtx on xe a # From the inte, H = 43,500 where x i the ok ration in the gid and isin tar Enrich gas (110,039) kPa tar IOP 99:10" mol Solutions Chapter 19, 1b. Tocompar enriched gas with oneniched gat = 11010397) qu0(021) waa ‘Apply K values o solve the problem. Gee moe faction of the compound ia ‘heii pase. Basis: 100 g water (5.885 gmo}) My uml amex ry ‘The mote action inthe es phat arin the fright hand column, Glycerol ad pheno! have the lowest concenuations. I volatzaon spropornal ote vapor phase conceneaog,cly MEK might bea problem.Solutions Chapter 20, {an ‘The Lang equation is ‘The Freandich sober for gas yo ft. pap T#Bp ” 1+Bp pau y= uptake in mg mal adsorbent and pis the parti pressure of the SOs. A,B, k ad ‘ecole the reapetve equations. | Fete dita ning Pobah, Theresa: | Hund: orble Iniguess Value 95%, confidence x 100" 13e07s16 O16R2s61 2 3 Disa” ooMmse2 Solutions Chapter 20 Pro arbic —In.guess Value x {00 03169382 3756.05 5 too Tanveoie 1578-06 coined) |Solutions Chapter 20 Solutions Chapter 20 R =o9usss1 |m2 | Retort Problem 20. forthe equations. Transformation ofthe uptake to mg mal’ gs i | memo! emai act | Bee oss 3275358 Sasa yen 7858 S28 8.660 _—_— —sertivel, cies 018 Tas 1233 Results fom Polya Freundlich arsble Ini.muss Va 95% confidence « i 22075308 02616611 a L a2s5703__ons725Solutions Chapter 20 Solutions Chapter 20 Sa D1orerse oso 1 darisass 0733271 Refer to Problem 201 forthe ecuaons,Trnsfomation ofthe tke to me lie | 00026 — a - -— 0142 j 00731 | Langmuir aes 10859 aisle Ink guess ae 95% confilence 1301 x ' Desi }7edb-06 vue 8 1 .on6stss 2088-06, eo > 967 RE = o.99soss a — (continued) Results fom Poiymath ae: j ’ (cominued) eeeSottions Chapter 20, =0. Thene, = 1066, ‘The materi balance in mg is 12.001 = 12 mg/L removed om he soliton. The ccuiliom ation gives y= 100(0001/""= 126 mgadsrateg adsorbent taken up Legare gehen a Remgaderbae| Lechavodl_ 6555 ara wa) TL solution [726mg wor [nee Basis: | minut (100 Tsoi si) I~ Sy St open prs Assume p= 760 nm Hg Exit air: 99h dry air and 99510" 1b H,O Catelate moles of water inthe etering sro use i clcuhting the patil pressure ofthe | ‘wae inthe i MW Boot Li HO TE Ous36 921 ae 2 Sale nn) Sass ‘Steps snd Unknowns: Dry gel (G) and X uations: 150, ry iz, ge! balances pas equiltriam eatinSolutions Chapter 20, as Moterial balance on HO (in) onthe hair: ou. resol auilirium retain: xO anf 8)" one | 10.099 = 0.1906 o- Gib) | tC 07 ‘Susp: Bass: | minute (2 kg activated carbo) Stns 3.and | me te sn AC iat The ot ft en hc i OE ash ron Seltions Chapter 20 | The emereg concentration of DE in Fie determined fom the dewint ACID, poe = 12798 man Hg v= Bee 2 Bie, 1295 ‘emol DE Se aoe Pace” 770=12795 “Pm BDA 0.199 gol DE|98.97 gDEli emo! BDA _ 0679 gDE TemolBDA |IgmolDE| 29gBDA BDA Stes 6 and? Unksowns: DE ia Pand BDA in P I (19.7 DE/emol BDA) | Mail balances: DE and BDA Sioss.ando: De vane (oF DEY: (9.7 gDE |n'na pmol BDA, $0 gDE|2 ke AC Teme! BDA Tig acl tft DE |n'ms gmol BDA _ 300 gDE|2kg AC | a Tig AC | The amount of DE in the exit AC oon) _}Solutions Chapter 20, [0300 = 00895" "5, = 1083 amg | Treamount of DE in the ext iis 133 mol DE it, = oonss ERODE 770-1083 rol BDA qr 09143 gol DE)98.97 DE _ 41 _gDE Teme BDA [tgmolDE ~'“"? gaol BDA “The ol ction ofthe DE in he ait ous 0018 Toor ‘The gol of an entering (and ex) BDA ae (in | mine) 19.79¢ 100 1st2a +600 Ey RABDATa] Basis: 1 souidsohsion of ntobonzee a 20°C 1 06 assed) vege SIO) gCinsel 0119 gnitobenzene| Lg water [IO ag 100g wer mL wae 1g c= yao]b.7816 « 10° (m) 0, r gmp OO se] Ct, Solutions Chapter 21 na Bast: 1b S2al] 1, 7 sie eae EEE h.oss x 10%] 1, ary ~ LORI hk 930 «10% Gwytel > te TB ase ete 484 «10 Ke Cre T Baxi mist GaP) gspan -fooirsE) na IN ni panesrn Le 0) Taw ems] 1 . 6005] 1K her |na | ‘ial ar i aa nin) 8 Bets boas er cys ar 8 eo ay cry Bas 483.6 a1 (ay 2c (ek) : ona ass hej 8 _jayer fr GrXAFY Bau Te00k304s cml (ayC ~ [GXemy*O)| a 10.73 (iby (fe) 1.055 x10" camenesl Sieenal GaFaomon eR) a I acy a3) na oan. PrneBesl 105s] ume | 18 y ae on aySolutions Chapter 21 ns Lig .00 kc 21k TS | 7 Zeke P Peat Hopi tes ET [6 Tuaeney comma these The her awe consngon i sompeniod forin he short eave ine. fs asi 1007 wats 1oPW [8.608710 at] Let [(minvem’)|_ TOW) 180010] 32.0 cal |00 em 22 uA fon ard slog Sat TT Wdaylash Ticewyts) ates Aa2sei0'n? (250%!) ‘The capital cot is robbly 00 grest nthe msictnance oo high eave to other | re sources Abo, th eatin would hive te the fr weiter united wo power oa Tave 0 Be waar over ong nace, 18 Yes. Wats are power, a ifthe energy transfered fora very shor period ome, the power ap be gute lange For example, very small mount of energy anfered in less Mw a, Fit abate for 7, Ta Felts? Next change units ferdttyeseomasss]ie | tie [i sor Cents | 1B ail eco TOK = tosis rir (189+32] 4 ork= Los a+ 18 or 4382 [a+ C18 +2) ca © a0Solutions Chapter 21 juan | The trend isto adverse aa way that makes people select product. And omeines |e just rete contin | ‘What the manufictrer is doing i ating he aveisement onthe weigh ofthe bol og. ‘Ao dog weight abou #3 grams and ha 8 grams off in. They vided 8 by 43 and 1:19 percent fa They ca ound off 20 and sty W's BD perce fat But you are concerned withthe percentage offi in the calories, You wat 30 percent or eset come fom ft. Your gues righ ne (2) Some examples are How fr would you veto rua ose | kg ff? 320008 ny shou te distance of? maruhoes! (©) How many ays woald you have to rece your dit from 240 calories to 1400 ‘calories o lee on of fa TroKeal 1 Tg (00k = Bday. | an [aus — ‘Arman mea is equivalent about 40001. A Yhour i 00 seconds so hat (705) (600) 1000 = 6301, an inset amt of tine | L aus OROTOROROT aus Jor @noen@nenior nas ‘volume cxernve specie gravy Intensive peat nergy extensive Feluive suntion intensive ‘pect volume imensive Sifae tenon imensive restive Index ineasve [aur { Imensive © Imensve 4 ExtesiveSolutions Chapter 21 Solutions Chapter 21 "No work is done Because he Boundary ofthe eye resins fied an Basis: 10 mater (5 1 veporiznd) Basis: 40.0 Newtons «6.00 m = 2400) The work done by the piston x cau by the water vapor expanding a constant ‘erpentre and presire. gore the volume of the gid water a the nia condtions, wy 2000) Laas ‘end assume tent amount of vapor isalso aeghgbe. From ste fo sae 2 : away * 2 Vg = 4.897 Tb for tester bles. For the 5 1b | ones) rma (ss m= 2449 0 oy nfs 2 Haat to Bat fey nants 5 Basis: 12! gasat73 am a oft atm = 154S0 yt? The work done by the einde piston system is W = VV) a = Sourafors-omm| 1 adap a2 ie (eran) GaSolutions Chapter 21 yr SL) L2D_g 35 2 ay aay =1a06 Vo =(6say e167 were) 26 OROKOTOROROROT The comments not corres se ofthe term hes, which i rane of eer. wR 2126 ‘Conservation is cofused with balancing. Hest is energy transfered ho one system to note, nd fom the viewpoint of ether ye fr which an energy balance iad), | Seavsaecomened, Tero) s wens. te putofsbaines smear) | eats not conserved iis ante andi pr ofthe energy balance the answer shouldbe no wih the explanation offered Solutions Chapter 21 (©) Wrong Heats eny by defion (©) Wrong, Heats ener coli led tempera 10 wrong see. (2) Wrong Hei (Wrong. See (a (Wie Heep tote | re | 1 Oknent tn ante wih wn (@) Burning poducs change in the ate ofthe ectants and products but he chung thea Heat ranafer can real fom the change Sat (Heats energy andthe concep is wrong (©) Weatcannot be store and hence destoyed, Hest ane canbe termined nae Att orn sti hs woe: Ha ly |alSnctaac cinoma trot icnaes sass | aoe — ——S nas GF.) F(T @F:(0)T:(0 Thar debanble;) Fs) F — —— —Solutions Chapter 21 a0 Heat ante ris Gera Basis: 1 inte KE (12) a | ee 2400 se( ise oe) ( Bhan Loan) Ikax a8) [na Basis: 1 Nb #20 KE= 12m fim, 108") abe xe> a 8") xe _ ora US Jaze “OI Solutions Chapter 21 fon “The deny of tra: 27°C and amis p= PAO Power= Lane? = Lipawyy? 3m = FA) Assume air Now trough he wind equivalent othe average Now in pipe of iter 15m v-(p}oe a seem ty, toro a Oe itkexe 7 ro lca enry = (744640 30) = [223] Bass: | hq of vehicle Le [280 8 ite HOR 360005 (contin)ie nino Soletions Chapter 21 TOT 2os10! 6 be ®, TRY” paeaTosTe] 1. Heatcapacey of sy 1 Bal (OF ives KE. | 1B }20°F 20 Bath, nas 21.6 nf ce Pee 4 |rcanhstieane atn Solutions Chapter 21 [ropa af fore | | see) p= a) 161-0 | tsi i osto" 3 __|tmia [mi 2.010%, Fe soe ow) mit 425s | |aus eave tthe efeece vale in these bls ad the CD: (0) (DESERT (rent soa be) (©) The quality 6 0.139% and [T=TETT ET] rom the seam bls (© At100%C and 100 Pa, U ofthe iui i about from the steam sabe | |na8 | Teh capacey ofa monotomic ida gu is Rand he heat capacity at constant (continued)Solutions Chapter 21 Youcan show tht C, =C,+R or ofS) 22") -2 8) fal 1 A Basix thgstean [2s0sec [—*]ssorc aie ooo] [10.0004 AU =H 3pV or we U values diety fom St bles or computer cose ta here ake rom he tam table. Tiasainad miuaied) Sale petals) 29SCONSK) —— BUC DBK) seer 00 4000 ka abs 10,000 KPa abs. 80 pia 1450 pia 0498 wk 04117 wg, 2502 kak, suasiekg 1 (osu tO") 2801 Rg sree a0 | tera ene she energy contain in he material of system because of is | molecular arangement Heat energy that ows between the system andthe | siroundings bee of a erperatie grant Therefore thy re nthe sme clas of pn aa aH=aU+a0@v) When a tigi vaporize (pV) aso AU. aan ‘AH and AU are zr beens AH and AU ae point (at) factions (variable), as None, The ntl and final sts for U and Har the sameu— — * — mm nae The energy balance is AE = AU + APE + AKE = Q+ W | Q w aE av le > ° » 3 an) ° > » >» | & ° oo > >» @ ° 0 » >» nas Bas 101 mle © ep anr eae @ mR fron ane (i 10 [300 + 8.0 (440) ~ (300 + 8.0 (40))] = $2, 00_Biu) (6) The enution for Hs based onthe reference conitons where Ht =o ie 0 wten 300~ ST orTyr*-37.5°F = 38.5. U sould have the sme reference temperate a0 «ali -a@v FART fran el gas Selutions Chapter 21 ‘Change aia for 00 Ba Bol oss _ 67 Ft er wel [AS xmol| Be” gol Tyke 32 $080 lust, + 20r Secon te pas 19) (st) pss Snot ese ANT, Hoy*Hy ART= (RT) ORT (Tis abet) 802697 +595 43357. “Raw Toa) Teh Tages 38S 43 aus iam as 2146 Use the same reference ste, 0 tat afl=a +460) | For one mole ofan ideal gas: PO = RT Aart 6 0se10'—2_-_ 8316) ee (Q00+273)-cr3)K Hemoi (eel) (K)} kg wel = 6.05 « 108-8314 x 108 [236-10 Treg molSolutions Chapter 219 Ver ile system isthe pump. Open, sendy sate, wow wt APE AKE Yes No Yetflow) No No. ‘ystems tbe pump and motor. Open, tend ate Yeo No Yer No No Systemisthe ce, Closed, unsteady sate, No__Ye__Yes____No__No © ns 2 System: can ad guid Solutions Chapter 22 system isthe mixer and saution, The | proces closed, unsteady ste | Ya Ye Ye No » | e=awe0 Q+0,W#0 Butmatoe may ge ot Q-o.weo _ onto)Solutions Chapter 22 Solutions Chapter 22 Seeeeeceeeeemeren [p= 00 pa ‘DoIR Am frliguidend 6435 orvaper Y= 4s A =298475 Bae | | steamia i, Enereyin 2146 Bab veaas et vaaaset Atte final contions he water is saturated vapor = 118738 Brute U> 0546 Bur 3I175°F 100 psa st Av 19748-20098 = GTI) | au = 1105.46 298.146 = GOT) No. The energy bance is Q+ W-= AU and far QO and since AU 0 for on paeenimupnas ‘ote proce (37) weqew { —— ee W=0 fed contin \n6 o-au- Ga ‘Tis isan unsteady ste cll poses Q- 4 - SE Basis: 115 water Dat fom the CD mr Init Condens rina cond Closed unseat sae systeSolutions Chapter 2 ns | Closed unsteady state system Jo+w-au Ink 005)+05=Ue-10 Ue3ssid ns Col enya yen atwea weav-car vo a motsofece ne BY» WORK )|_ Oa 574g Be Sak aston (Closed sendy sate process a+ w= au+5PE) Solutions Chapter 22 [Teor change cee of mass be ae +0 assumed ‘AU O assumed (get maxima elevation) we003 | 100 a(PE)= mean = (0.980%) 2.80 hm) (Coted unsteady sate ster Use he CD to getdae Basis: 4kgsteam Ine Conions Final Conditions Gives: T= 500K Given: T= 400K pe 700 kPa Keown: T=0320mg Lookup: ¥=0320m" re Look up 2 ps sytem) the A= 2903.94 Ling quality (ial and eor onthe CD}: x= 0437 | = 26805 ag 146.8 1408.23 ke S71 the Caeuae V = 03006) = 280 kg QeWead wee | = (1408.23 2680 1,4) = (1272394) = 5055] you dont ue the CD, At ooh.Solations Chapter 22 nn ose, unsteaty sate process Inka. conditions inal sondtons V= (feature dy std stem(the bass) = (know) + Ve | Lookup Atp= 1 pla T=200°, The water | y=s36108%m | A= 1148.72 Bras = 1073.96 Buus = 115015 Brut p= 11.548 pia = 107748 Buu vewa7sKm From he steam tables Caleta the of seam sb tt coms feewean | a (ESO Cored bounty) | | @ bee, AU=U-U.=(loTtaH @eaT5 -(om9H 00 ~—TIETEl-o 4. The volume ofthe second tanks Ving = (992.713) (0.02975) = 1.68 Solutions Chapter 22 ms ‘Closed unsteady state proces foreach tage 0+ W~ AU overall ‘atelate sb males of gs (L039 tb 011 R) (SHPRY OOD fae) (oasis A B Db Ter, 70630) 70(S30"R) 70(SI0"R)_¥23,1280R) (6 mot) TM tet to v , oe? ? otan ea a, C, = $28 (hat be foked up or caleulated) and U and Har futons ofToaly Ate, (pV) = (ORT) | Codi ome ofthe missin vel (conteusd)Solutions Chapter 22 “The work occh stage willbe ssumed ob [Ge pes) Yeoman pres process) Je Weefrev= Pale 046509827 ser cosene 222s eT eal fami so aT | 6 Wefan fOPMRE ay nan (OP rete =-in0 x 9p.) Je Weft pe) =0y0097-00Ne7 = SR] ae ai poe) We=fv= = 9 av However, bh Tanda Instn we Qiweay — Q=0 +1987 Bath ma eR) ow ac 8110?) 0-100) = 3B) Le Wt = 0.199 0891 0590 -3.249~ —1.74 Btu Solutions Chapter 22 A closed, unsteady ste tem comprise of tanks. Ge the seu popes fom the * used to gt state2properies The closed systems Q+ W = AU ae ©. Basis: 1b steam | Sie |m=tte p= 60 pia %=0.995 1.590 875 ‘T= SOO'F (960°R) T= SO0'F (96IPR)* 0= 1128.19 Beat Om 115703 Bout VinOn5h Vi=2Vi= 1390 8 | = 15703-11289 = ESTER | w= (testo = 4u- a= 125398- 121597 ETESolutions Chapter 22 nas No. For ech path Q-+ W= AU, and forthe eee I Wo Zand back AU =0, Adon res (QW) HQ, Wy) =aU, 4,20 (Q.+Q00= =, 4%) ‘Note: The equations in the problem wd a ditfeent sgn for W. A sila anys [:pter cond peininprstem ms A closed steady sate system, “The cooling atthe maximum eciency is 2800 «272 ate | | nox 00 Bev |The in quesion with te aveiscmen is: wir oes he nee 0 at removed from he om the uni oe ot equi ouside venting? naar A closed steady st system Qt Wesu-o [ew Qiseguive cheat oss) | | = —_ _____] Solutions Chapter 22 OSLO 1 [IOAN yyw | fens) 1c) frensr} me closed sendy state syste Q4Wead=0 Qe-w 225i] 0.7068/ Bu) 6s jaa ‘Open sytem, ansteady sate, The system the volume comtining I oF TO st 27 {aid Aten of th process he syst containe nating Te water leving st TOU*C because the stmospheri pressures 760 rm Hg Q+WeaH | Wao Q=aH= A= A,0 | The refrence temperate fr enbpy i O° but the wer isa 27, =A | = (1b) 26755-1117) og = SBTSolutions Chapter 22 Basis: 1 Ib sO 21, {aim Dat from the CD Init ianid) Final eapo) © 10482 Bet 107740 Brute A 180226 Bum 113029 Bur Y 007 im 673m an | Non-tom pss nseady sit | at weau = (180077 40— 180.82 Beh 89722 Bs We f= aam1Q6775—0.017 fm 2.72) Bm) =nnpw q-s9722-(n2.75 aH=115029- 180226700] low press (unseat) av=Q4W-att | Assume the volume ofthe system i fixed at V = 0.017 and that W=0. Also assume | ha noting is fin the sytem afer the water evaporates. | A= buy(O~ Cat)" 190.182 Br Solutions Chapter 22 (f= 115029 an 0.2 + 115029 =a nai Treatthe system (the cylnder asa unsteady ste ow system, wro 0 Cyn ER=125/(@moIVK) U,-U =H) C= R= 2085 /(g molXK) ee [Lette reference emperare be Ty that makes fy =O. Ignore the effect of press on the vahes of Unf | AR rom) tt,Solutions Chapter 22 ple. RT Te “Matipy al ofthe terms oto get (ot terms with ean NOT =n, HRT, ORT, Inser pV'= ART wget anne | Te equ ret Solutions Chapter 22 nn The tanks an open unseny tte sytem. fands fr Biafra in oe ingen formass in Da 221¢E and 0a 14 7p sued 12 117939 Ai bat 1150.26 1099.60, UB 10737 8653 Wei 26818 +a Qo Haro a0, =m, =(m,-mi,~0 sage | sm) -Lsauaman = 678-126 117939 | | 0, = 146.6 ar ar 0 pia | [LEAH oupetenes) boSolutions Chapter 22 na Basis interval of 1 (180 gal or (1800X8.33)= 15,0001 water) Oper, unsteady sate system. System i storage tank plas the water ines AU=Q+ W-(aHt + aPE) Dew: 35°F saturn ater Gem — 3.025 Hipewt 3.025 vam — 0016 ; gore he water in he ine nally ond Sia assume no change. Also nor the Increased dept ofthe water inthe storage nk : 105000 1B are= mle ie Ria) 1928 Bu ; ISOM sp * 1, =0 (ofow ou) u, =150000, 0 (ao water ia the tank) Solution Chapter 22 = Ste OPS Be pg J ee | 0000, 045.110" 3,820-(0-45,380)-1508 0, -682 Ba { fodscon youl ao be obtined by tig AU= CAT = GAT 38=(18T 50 thot Frome wean bes forse water this va of corespondsto BP. A a | J [ina = [settee | seus w -atiikes Pom) oan ow (1) 4B=0- steady sate fw proces, on overt systam (You san ala pick "we stern, one the H:0 and one the benzene). 4,0 4,0 = 12> fe Bz | é |Solutions Chapter 22 Solutions Chapter 22 ‘Qn overall ea rans to and om the eat exchanger ihe soundings hives Oiecageieweinned. fou pk? sens val Rani (bs bent ane weathered Hoda. (Fars Wo somhna win te res ©) oust owe ) Pps sal,=vi «8, ‘ (sat -@ scl RE cae la (3 d-taay-%) I |x foc all seams levelexchanger assumed. (QRH ledy sate proces ‘Yes, tmo measuennts mast be made to blanc the uknowns andthe relationships. 1f | el | x, and, are measured: slve (RS) for (RA) for $ subsite (R2) and (Rin (R3)_| | and ste or. Use (R2) to eaculate Pad (R11 caeuate V. Now that measuring | T, ands is ot sinfactory becaue this combination eliminate ether (RA or (RS) a5 an independent elaionsin. Also ote that you nepect he vapo pressure ofthe organic | youean st T, = 212% AH#0 he presure changes even iT is constant AKE=0 pipe dimer roms the same andthe Now ae isthe same APE = 0. lve parp tines Qe Weanl (cominued)Solations Chapter 22 Sec iaaie ] ova he aows quai, No acon ous. The prceisclntys | Now poses oer ssen) Asmethaticencng wat ofbeartsen | Sie | Basis: 100g ofair= Lhe ‘Stns 6 and 7 | Sit heey blce (ny ne ompnen xs a8=0+ Wald +RE+ Fa] (0) Toe poe inthe sty =O |o mom=m @) bE.) =0 (4) 0-0 by anunpton(@ wold be al eee sem went int (8) ¥,=0(be est haown br woulda, There | W= A[(h + KEym)= AH + KE ‘Wie have one equation and one unknowa, W. AKE snd AH can beclelted, hence the | problem his ungueslution. Solutions Chapter 22 (508-4893 ]100 bg a= SMA 10018 = 9991 | ake Laie} joie oe oes @) 0K W= (2000+ 180)=2180% (Note: The postive sgn ndcates work i done othe ar.) To conver to power (wore), 21801 |W |e ww - aw Thr | Ues coos ~ OSL0 aan (©) Steady sate poss sme ab -a[ d+ E+ Fm] +sQ+w 1 tgnowe FE; APE | 2 aK is sma oi (comiaws)Solutions Chapter 22 [¥: Noveseon weo (6-8) "0, steady sme aH=a) Jo ab= (a+ K+ Fim soow } tye FE FE =0 2 Norn Bese; ste © 0-tmme woo akE-0 (Ha |iaae | Sytem as £,-8.e-al{ite E+ FJ] sqew A[@+KE Fa] 0, sof AKC SPE ots Solutions Chapter 22 Here the system inthe gas Q=0, Wad Basi) 1 hour 138i) =18007 Bt } A, a1sasoon +08511508)“The simplified energy balance is: | msit=9+w -261 Bah ¥ sa =-261 000 se ries eI om ‘Thos, Q= malt — We 2610108 +2260 = 4.010" Bs bene, nt aaa, Basis 1 aie The energy balance i inthe seady ste. The tem the vale s[@+@ + Fm]-oow | iraxezo weo | are-0 oro Hence a ait= fopur=0 Solutions Chapter 22 [@ aT-0-w feaoR) SEG hatcemy em we etn. eats i ‘hat the mas ow te be content = prs = Consan where: 9 density = velocity of the ge ‘= crosesetiorl aes of pipe Since the dante ofthe pipe doesnot change and density it unetion of emperatie and pres the as velocity sls function temperate and pressure Poel 3590 he mel | iis 708% ‘Therefore the velit downstream ofthe vale is 2.08250) aon oes | Steady sae proces Basi 1 seed (cominSolutions Chapter 22 RW Toget fi use the steam bles or 2 equation. Using comtantC, ena the most | accurate eth, but for igus for smal temperate change, its 9 good spprosintion GE IT.) OW Becouse the tank is well-itethe ole water epertice isthe seme athe temperate ise the tank T, ToT | mtcyet—t.)=100020-7 +40 $y 99-130 rexcrza) Solutions Chapter 22 ‘This ica steady Now process since thers mo change wih ime a any point, ence AE ‘Airis an ideal gs snc itis at high temperate ad ow peau elatve os ‘ental pois, 3. The Kinetic and pte! energy changes are negligible AKE = APE = 4. Constant peices at oom temperature canbe wed fr i. | he simplified energy balance is + Weal. fy > -20W Assume tat wth ate ror (cominSolutions Chapter 22 [a= Gat wae TR Oiherise you wil need bles od base forthe proper of Te idea enw gives the specif volune of sth int ofthe duct = Bl _ (0287 ayn? 00}290 Pe 00 es The mass hw rat ofthe ir trough he dts determined fom stan Li) oan Subst he known quate, he ext empertire of the sir is trina to be ne | (@) Ifthe evaporation occurs from an open, unsteady-state system of fixed volume: | aU=Q-a | 2506 01g | Ban ssirsisng | A. 00) $2, (9805) 2. ARE is mall so AKE = (or it an be included) 3. Norton | 4 woo ‘You can writeonematevial balasce for each wit and one ence balance foreach unio stl of 6) You an write numerous eqttons but oly 6 are independent, 5. (2-B1)=0; sendy sxe leno FE: APE ~0 ma ‘The equation is No restos AE=A(U+PE+KE)ag =Q4W-A(H*PE+KE),. @ wo ® 0 (© aIKE),, -0 @ arex0 1 tonoe FE APE 0Solutions Chapter 24 2. akB~0 3. Noreseton 4 (EE) 0; sendy sate 5. Q=0(asume) 2. Noresction 3, (E2-Bi) =O; sendy state (ay bent the KE) 40 esumed) ABH [AU + AKE + APE. = ~a(Gh+ KE + Fm ++ o@ % ©8 © © Assume all econ re in bomb ts of rection. Solutions Chapter 24 ¢ {aU rein because changes 7 retin } 2 aKE™ delete nochange Wee (ined 3 APE delete nochange boundary) SAKE delete as no mass ow in ort «fare Rest: aU=Q ® Koa Fue w Ie aH=Q-W r eee a nogiible 2}AE sO because steady sie 5 lee nota factor i 7 Q hep 4a keep 8 Weep (clecic work)») AKE delete negigible eo oe APE delete ntappiable 20st applicable | 6 satiskep a Closed, unsteady state proces Bass: 1018 star @ 300 prin and 80°F Q+W=.A1 forthe cloned system. W= 0 2466 BB so erenediially Va1.7164 86 15038 Bub After cain to 30 pi, the seam is suse an iui forms. Therese the sen ‘process at constant tl nd epee volume. | enae the volume ofthe gud. Fins condition re 30 psa and 17.168 for he | residual vapor afl, = 21833 Bure 0170 8 18.81 Ba fly =11640 Bruit 3.768 27 0, 10878 Burt Nove: Ifyou donot have acess to values calelate Seletions Chapter 26 rsa 125 1 vapor remian 201708875 ® 1S 8 oftiqid exists, hence the vapor volume is 17.164-0.15= 1701 and uip_liroit’ 1.24 vapor remins ine) : ‘We could now come forthe Kau volume, bt will not. The vale of Qi 251087 8) 0-1.254218.80] 10115038) =|-#293 Ba) ‘Te tempers is the saturation temperate of SDF] us Unsteady stat, close, tthe proces at 29°C fp (contin)Solations Chapter 24 (conver St unis) ney blene AB = A(U+ PE KEgg = Qe WAC PE KEY 8U=Q4 W=A1-A(p¥) 50 Q= AH -A(pV)-W ‘aH = (170-2054) =-3881 w= 6106 3800 kPa 0.0125? _ $50 Pa i [Te 60) comers) | 40) Qe (39) -(-1125)~4.106 This isan unsteady tae closed process. The eneey balance redes Us APB +AKE = Qs W APE =aKE=0 =U, = A= a(p¥) = AH ~(P,¥s—p.) | wine 2821. te seo 1 407s he ni ste (ste daa rom the CD in the back ofthe bok. The fina sine is aut conditions U ad arin Beh and Vi 87, Sottions Chapter 24 Fi ome y=10022 Hi, = 2985 Gy +8072 67 Oy «2982 Yi, =0019 m8 ¥,, <00177 Poa me pte i eno ma 574 es enone edo ne |e ange a y= eco op [051727 a | Basi 1b water OO17D +-y4439 4 y= 0.6095 b Giga) x 3905 Ivapr) Use vues of U fhm the CD a calculate Q. Otherwise you have tcleloe (pV), Q+[(0.6085)298.2 + (03905)1187.5]-[0116.70] | onan Bo fQ=-az0Ta] a ‘This ison unsteady state process in a closed sytem, closed sytem with ir end surroundings with water. From the later viewpoint he systema the si, and AU = Q+ ‘Where Q isthe beat taser tthe water fom the at, (conte) _|Solutions Chapter 24 R |Leswno wore) Focthesatm ofthe ir H-A0p¥) Fax (= AHl~a(5V) bu A(pV) is negli or gud wate so that Qeattes' fear =5 c(t 23-1) forconsnt Cy, (crust steam ube) Bes (9 8TH F) ono Bat ® mH 0 my "Ge mot [18 0 Qistemove om the i, 5 for the sytem comprised a the orth stem ofthe ir 12,s00(0 | 10012854 Bey 1X) ive when the suroundings do work onthe sytem ofthe. 1607 Bm Solutions Chapter 24 i search 8U=-511 Boe + 1607 Bey = TOSSES) ‘The syste nly i ike he igure, but siace >, the plas moves tote Th cry nee re b+ W=BE~ aU. Shee Q= Oa W>= 0,30 m3 i | Chet | | | lee | Closed sytem The cneray balance reduces to Q'+ W= AE = AU APE + AKE (Q=0,W=0,aPE=0, 4KE=0, hence AU =0 tos L.2.3. and CGetthenesded properties om the CO; chart tables (Be eto se these reference ‘ale. Let ma Be he mass of CO} in the eyiner tthe inal sate, Vis the pec volume, Up isthe specific intermal ence of the CO, atthe endo te filing, nd i, ‘sth specifi enthalpy ofthe COs in he ppleSetutons Chapter 24 [Ar 200 pia, °F, 153 Bab ae Siens Basis: 3 fof CO: @ 200 pai final conions) ST ‘System: The etinder (open stem, unsteady sate) Stes and Uaawws Tag Ten | uations: eneny balance, nthapy char | enced wo points onthe pf char wo fix he condone nthe eylinder. The energy | ‘nance reduces to (W = 0, Qasumed 1 be 0) au=-aH hich ives one pins Mea, Cat) ena Ones) = Ma CH,) M(H MaDe mgm ‘Toe other point isthe pressure p=200 pia Unfortu the CO, char is p=ft and | thus requiring tial and err solion. Assume aT, lookup Vand caeulite pi ignore pi a he referece ste of 407), ‘Wen (1538/1 then you tave determined T. Ifyou used bles of pvs Vina Iundbook, th ealeulaons would We ese. T Ae wv ai Assume T= 160. 182,200y0.6990.185) = 157 T= 10. 1784200y0.70,0.185)= 153, ‘The acute are uit approximate but FFa1WE] my = 3 Toe 7 | aaa Basis: 1 team Basis: steam ‘Note: The CD will result in slightly different values for Afi | O-@ : si - 6-161 - FTTH Use the steam ables or the CD direct for U or clue AU matt ap _ (ativea3i9n? 130m] 47600 ele 95-5 Ea7H] @ We fpa¥ ba p¥ relation ft known, (er constant volume) Ta sie} ne Face) Op OG: 0-0 w We adeaafph) site 3261 12827-94500 8p = [ape — ffs.) 144) 22.15 pews Wess is-TEEE av-sse-atis nase Closed sytem, uosteady state; system i bth tanks ogee Bas: |? dy sea, 350K 40a, = 4.008 hg. guano 02sig Solutions Chapter 24 [x W=0 teense ite sys boundary ee The energy tance reduces ts Q= AU Das im Dats 4.005 0 kg ve2n! ft 26382 tang v- 3m Ta350K An ¥ = 5084, 7-380K, afl = 2641.4 and ail = 2906 kl Q = 24905-24780 =26 Kg 2.6025) = TD) Basis: 0. kg seam So Fina pressure = 700 4Pa Batch process, unsteady sae, The sytem sth gas pus the piston. (continued)ee Soletions Chapter 24 [(@) The work canbe calculated from [pdV if some assumptions are wade about the proces. No information is given abou the proces other than “lowly. Assume the ‘ork done (sins the atmosphere) i caied out at constant aroepci pressure Then We-pav Init condone V =0at the sta ofa expansion or could calalte Vinny (V = 0.2095 mg) but BV is what counts so that ting V= Only 0) (@ Change in volume of he system 0 emX 18m]? sted oe wo 1013 RPafoosda my lowe) (ork done by system: oes not ncuae ang ot he iso) ‘To ge apply the energy balance tothe as QW = AU + BPE To get aU, havete deeming ny a8 Dan 8.650 K and 10004: Vo #02985 eg Taye 29188 A T00 wr d Ina! vote = (02305 (0.1) = 0.02535 ‘ed volume ‘=nonsss mn Final volume =003539m _ Solutions Chapter 24 0.394 Pkg, Atthese conditions: ® = 26910 a ng =O] APE =PE,—PE,=mgh, meh, Méraps nota we Ae ee 3615 © Q=@8419-2918.590.+361-(-956)« mae ck th room a th ete The spied form ofthe cacigy bla (ne | ow AE=4U=0+W =aU where Q= 0 (room i ineuated) W- the eect energy provide fezer tough he tem boundary andi postive. (No volume change occurs). Hence AU = CAT is postive and AT i positive: the temperature ines, 2419 Basis: 1 hour Assume: (1) Thermal properties are constant | (2) Noworkfedone consued)Solutions Chapter 24 ee Closed unsteady system, | ery hina Csr eee meet ee |emmateinte DOH BAT , te SOSH OSC prt (exo) ese 9G AT _2etiig] 17 |-ore [256 1st TsO) canwy | rinin = 950008 Wha aTa6W | | | | Q=8736- (6344+ 371)=-5882 WSF KW energy inremoved] (3) Assume steady stew process. The sytem incest ofc. AU=Q+ WAH PE-AKE AU «0 (aenty sat) APE =0 QO esisbatic essentially) SKE=0 a Solutions Chapter 24 | Final simplified equation: AH =0 APE 0,0 <0 ape akE=0 (BH=@} © W-0,0-0 = — Steady sate, open sytem poeeroem ery 1000 c asi: 1000 4? atm nd °F tm siiviussoun™ AR 5 vropw Hpemeatsteam ply Basi {hour | 80°F ya 0 0 KE, 20 pee 2bnfnb aan. sg set se6opeB|2, [loso-noeii0? enimSolutions Chapter 24 Soltions Chapter 24 W> Gas aan oo ME + oy 00082510?) (rede ema arb) 075-64) ABBE Gy SOMID AIO 1 Taos EE a 2.08052 510 (264 66%) 69.03 Bru! mol 4 ma ee | 9-2¥.amjon 0 eb el ee roa amare | | {Te moi)("R) Asan: pen pe it stg a ses 0 onal ny sd al Coma cely 0 ALE) owt ke oor oun I a Das Hose ee + boa + Amie ety se ot sien cng aight or syd e-flh-aRBsaFE I) +00 Ban Vox 1038 = iy ai : hase shim Frome ame or eid wate E | w= slim = (it;-ait))o sil, = 148.00 Baws Woeragu” 001651 £77 « ic ' | ; P013k= 10H 01S a sit -er99 26 | | 7. 500K Teak | setof | “SH, : 2890.2 kivkg, (iy: 2675.6 akg, ‘Amount o *Solutions Chapter 26 Solutions Chapter 24 60577 eter ad ave (teat enoved) Point Cis given. Point Dis given, The quality a Dis about 08. Steady se, open ter 60, in @ 250° aod 1800 sin S eee Q+ Wat andQ=W=0 soat=0 Polat Ais given, See char. Poet Bi determined flows: For adiabatic throng: AH, =All, hence you can ed on chart @ T2130 (©) Supereaed conditions mean the quality = [TRE vapor] (© Specific volume fom cant=25 05so hat the enerzy balance reduces to Q+W fig £177 Ba Alyy =135 Bi 25 bis Base 1 seam W=-(25)4((35-177)= ETL BST B werk doe by bie) | “The sytem is the valve, The ery ba fenot needed because the COs is sorted at 40 pi, ene tis corresponds Pans | “Te energy balance redes 0 | Gea lig -ail, 95135 - TBR) bee Solutions Chapter 24 Assume a steady ste open proce, The system isthe ester, 168 aa IO, | aim Basie | tb wser @ Basi: 1 1b water Das issn Seer) 168 aes 01607 R0F 14696 ms anor the vapor that existe it! ste, The water it upebested athe isl ‘The energy balance reduces to:Q= AH = 1154.46~ 48.03 ETTOAB) Atma soation Assune sn utcay sate process with no mass exchanger between the ysem nd wrongs. The energy balance reduces to aB=au=0 Ccaleulate 4a onsen amar tome ‘xa? as (comiaves) veal a(ov)-I1t04. ed =1.Solutions Chapter 24 ‘orusethe (values fom the stem bles to avid caleltng (pV) satamth OF, on be D]icpsin — calenisaa 7 Festveses 6 Bab steam 2p 1235-2 Bbydh ‘Soptin | 168 Bln (lo ee |s0 pee oc 2oare Syston. @ Conpreror | @ wis ‘To moke the process. steady sate open proces rom (1) (3) assume the sat isthe coils the compressor Then toast bocorm Basis: 1 Bywater evaporated | WeaH-g ‘Caleuite Ait @ (1): (0:98) (1143.3) (0.02) (161.17) = 1123.6 Brwlb From (10 (2) Balance one compressor iy — af = v2 Solutions Chapter 24 We 116-4)» OER Fr 20 Aen stet-12882+- [012 Wa0 w Ge ail=-t072 B08 2 -ta92 57) eae te pom aks rte et ae muted suction (0016) 002) _& seam oe 3769 07 ® ® | \iog2n Basi: 1000000 Bruhe 10? Bru|_the_{1htean [3769 10672 Bs Basis: 55 gallon oi AF C041 88 gro; cy=0467 PE @ gore wen enSoletions Chapter 24 Selutions Chapter 24 Afiy@212F = 1007 Bax | Assume water leaves @ 212 AH=Q+W-aPE | With the pump: AH = 0834 -(-1.285)+ 0.0106) TST BRT) 20 Aco Rup @ 20°F = 1153.3 Ba Then fig 153.3 180-973 Ba 2,500 Bu an OT sd guid 015 18017 LD tsar G85 150 sorF 280 psa 015,180.17) +085 11503) Process: Flow, steady-state | Fi,=12647 Bw 1005 | System the pipeline asi 1 hour a Q+ WAH +AKE+ APE) Assume ascagy sate ow syst (QE=0) APE AKE-* 0, Then aH-Q+W autem, — aft) =100 (1008-12647) 289700 Be | sy 22865 33.500) of _1 Ba $04 Bau, | Gov cnicy [FEA 23500 Buboor . (eens eet - oa (testo) | Trembine doesnot operat adsbaealy. The rato Without the pump AH are ai 0384-(-1.285)-EETSTH) LeSottions Chapter 24 Basis 2S agit Oud pts oy smth cmgspoittiel aiken’ 4 ashy sag CCG D ama satarete vapor As 2784.6 boy weer c46r¥) BH to ey ys ah pas ae oe kal ‘oeeaan) osweall Wed | Q=att=att,-ath.-alt, all, ~(2784.4)(18)-(222)(10) je RUBE may otate09) ally = 7985 Wig al 27866 ig rvs Let > kg vane, 25 —1= ke guid rage tpn CiarayeasShmy ans na 1250=27844n+ 19963-7985 x 41,766 822 Solutions Chapter 24 ua Open, steady state system (the tubing) Bess: 1 hour “The energy balance reduces 0 Q cat. 20008 te _ 1 ga 060 mine ext) mia | we jo1s97 | 1 H.0 | 18m |oosore 300 kglhr die S _ 227°C (500K) t af = ceo Tigmt Szitrn basis hr “The ney tls eto ano Mla + tn: AAs 2646 /g mt (continses)_|C Seluions Chapter 24 smay be epee with minimal ero, (sine? ari) + matty AH) 0 hfs get rt, eaal [Se] Fe [007 “uns agsn7S(-.T8_ cr ‘an 00524250090 Mon ass pal Cs} Interpoltng fon St team tables 0K OE BOK egos an aang KET For aqueous slutons, th ea capacity it minted by the water, and the oe mass Solutions Chapter 24 | SYSTEn BOONDART Sebtated vapar 250% (523K) Di=9+W wo Q= Dig + Diag a6. LBC Ae 0 Sings. incomplete loving aston are ma: Log ara andthe verge vale may be wed. ‘The vapor bebaves ideally 3.__Veinehigib wit repecto Wy. (continues) JSolutions Chapter 24 4. fig icon iia be empiri f cone 2.942.190 C0, By 1, C2 SOAR UBCO 2ILHE)CO) ‘By 2,3,4 the Clauss Capron equation reduces to ptt Aflae eps; EER T, Sour) afslemmp cot Soin Sar base ate 02684 = 3.970805 10° alg AE sfhg= —=025541_| 1809 ser ss ng 3.906% 10 gal (22g 10.000 2.1143 | 280 130)°C , sansa ® [wwec! i Soltins Chapter 24 z Cooking wate out \ rc ws 275 kg vapor ne 100 kg canter FP iid 40% 51% 1,0 90.986 Toluene sore i Soar) asi: 1 day | t-rsosee 251254¢H10 13,750 kg F 1251.25 kg HO ~ 1249875 kg toluene “The energy balance reduces to e+ aig =0 L _ (continued)Setetons Chapter 24 1 : | | rma fgCo8T— AB ow we 000+ fy Co} | my 168 -250,7621J— 10623940 | | | : Soooneg 2.10 fr,-20e | | Lmsase _ pare see eS | Tet tang ~ ETERS) : —__ i 2.163 |(100-130°C 22604 , 4.24 | (90. | | Be | srastastencol coo tsore ag, 4241 |60—1mrc | ] Ca) (°C 7 eC} | 14.36 | iw pow , 170 |o0-1uye spe rsege| ou] Bowe, 1s | oo re | c Beal | seat eo hok | The te: 05.000 T2 2,108,000 —5.011,156.75 ~3.9546045 =0 “Tabulation ofp, V, 1 and quality or superbess atthe numbered points | 12 3 ss 6 pips) 750 aaa ts sw Vrrm 0005 G16 84am tod one j culimphot OK (Ok 10 SH . | Figau sib) 33.09 337912010 i291 137 33.05, ; (ana) (na) =o Ree ate 7 eth cif vole pit ; any (er-[imol?,.cat-maf", cat] 0 ¥=0.96510506) + 0.035(0.01715)=10.14 | maf caus [o=207c ,12s1.25eg yo] «21d |40-soyc Mes) eeX"C) @ ‘Heat to boiler: | “ I a (Qe aie, -t = 20L1-33 | j ©) Heat spether (conti)Solutions Chapter 24 Solutions Chapter 24 ‘Qeait= =H, = 91-1001.1=90 Bur Heat removed in condenser= HH, © 33-1137 ~ 1104 Bb Bass: 100 tidy guid C fed at °F Work ever by tine: Q-+ W'= AH We ita, =H, 21137-1291 -150B./ | Asse (Aaa option ofa wits ‘Wark rue bythe pap been and 2 |) Row cam sexys Q+We at QO Bene Wat | ® Bese we dost ah ae of or compre mata °F we 2 THe, 07 wale Weau+ avy . Xi or "i [—~p) ave frCaT=0 ee 100 Tay, 30°F PVneen Gon fra Or fet the work done by compressor Aon the Freon, | Network diver 158-0.70 tency = Netwate dem — 14-079. ‘vl Cla alan shou he at xshangr FARCRY Teta Supniied ~ 11673 + 96 a 1 FeR=P a 100 +255= 1025 For water ate of 2000 Ie tp = 154Btu|2000 stem 1 L415 <9, ere lance for Cl: through the ea exchenge | tr (Se00eh rows | Fora Now proces: + Woah You can improve the effiency by woo (a) Exhaostng he tubine a lower presnre Q=aH (0) Use higher boiler resure, (Chooses the reference sate Hud Cat 30F | | | | | ote (©) Use higher superbe Sassen aSolutions Chapter 24 i-th, th, 8.161 pmo 1025 ~Geneie Hl foe] 818 mol] 1001 5 gp TroieHl rw hoowee ) 1B [ome] 251 5 sop 7 oom Fo" CConsuetly 92-421 Bu/i00 BF This means heat is lost bythe Cty and guna bythe Freon Energy blanco fr he Freon flowing thug compres usweant But sie the flow of France aH=0 Qn =e, (M21) = 442.1 Ba 100 BF w+! me Oo BF Enc baaace for the C1s owing throw he comresiorB 25 Wday @ 30 +2. Bidey OF Sottions Chapter 24 AH Eathalpy change cross compresor= Hy Hy H, =cpaT+at, orbit em 1.8/1 ml 25m eal/gmall 118 Noo F /=855 309-3175 inowe | Tut work inns msde to make the proces ones: | 212.8842. }2000 00 on £77890.) TOF | tm | dy | Bu ty | tx | Bape ot 30 [2 BespoWE] (eal power ep) —— ———— mse | | Basis: | day Reference temp = 80°F | a. Mater sod Bory Baas (overt Mariah att) |Solutions Chapter 26 T= 1,000,000 ‘Out: vesidve: 50,000 septa: 200,00 a spol —_300,000 8 Toulon 7,000,000, Tomer Material ta fen 100,000, refx 100.000 ‘out 300,000 Ener In: fed: (1410°V083K480~90) + 10°100) +10°y0.454500 480 efx: (1510 089)180-90)= steam: by teen) ‘oa: (residue: (Sx10°,0.51(480-90) vapor: @xtO*Mt11) Higuid:§——@xt0y0.59x250-80) total Parmace: Material 315,000,000 Bis 79,700.00 Bas 11s.300.000 Bu 503700,000 Bis 99,200,000 222,000,000 1s.00,000 '509,70,000 100,000 ‘Ost 315.50,000 Te vapor Solutions Chapter 24 140: 304,500,000(1 120-70) Out: Hig Euerey Ho In: vapor, 222.10" «198.5<10° (Ou gids (21040 9380-90) Removed by water Tosalous Prebeater Matra In: liguid™ $0010" tbs Out vapor Enory ei (Say 0 39418090) Tout Ou vap0e Tower tt Marial I fod refx Toul Berge ta fod refon: Toa (x10°V089)250-90) stsss0'xt10) +(5x10'x0.51)200-250) 50000018 Out: vapor 600.0005 rei 11000001 toa (6x10'y0.63,020-90) by iterence) ey ry Shao" 2oxiet ss S010 Be Toso Be *05%10" Br 00x10 7R65x10" Bow 10.15.10" Bro 105.1510" BowSelations Chapter 24 ‘Out: vapor: (9x10 KO.63K130-90)+9x10(118) = 14005x10" residue: (2<10"y038)255-90) = 19110" “Toual (Br: isasni Condenser I Marra! I vor 0910 s05<10t Ho: 3.05210 gesaot pare=10) “0 ue guid 09x10 Ho 5.08%" Energy ku = oas.a08 Ost liquid: H10°K0.651020-90) = 17x10" removed by HO: = osc Tout By = nosso eat Exchanger I (Assume Tas = 978) Moterat in ou fig 300.0001 tiga: 5,000 HO: 547a00001,8070)~ $670001 HO: 1000 Ereres I: (200.000,0634120-90) = 5.67510" Ba uti = 000 removedby HO = 3.67310" Bu eat Exchanger 11, Materia Setuttns Chapter 24 T= Oak Botioms 200.000 Charge 00,0005 Brey Im: 20000040.8)28590) = I9tsxiot (i0'y05399090) = Tou Br: = asa Ou: @x10905825390) = 73510 (ox10'V053K14090) = _265310% Tos Bey = Wwissat “Tau 08 263°F does not soem ressonsble eat Exchanger 1V | Materia n= Ou Botors 0x10" fe Charge 10x10" Energy In (x10¥0S148090) = 993104 (i0}(053,040.90) = a6 Sat08 Toul (Bu): isan | om eto yosnes7-90) 67510! (x10"y0.53420090, = _ 583x108 Toa (us asa ‘Het load of furnace = 315.5x 10°. $8.3 x10* = [257 2x10" Baa Adina ea it charge to furnace sat 90°F ot beat oad = 315.310" Bas Adina eat = 315.5108 257210 = [S810SalatonsChapter2¢ pm Bass our Ope set ste proces osama ee Ae mains, ES Ln sem tfte + 88 Bal F +R suomD=105.000 0 000-sn.000- (1641) F480) 6500002189) = 1050042189) (G16 1) +(55,000~ F148.) 55,00002189) CERT steam ar aap(1s.08 oar we * 1009 or 5% einy: | | | | | fr cent | Seletion Chaper 24 4 casurig (o2es) Ea) (35 sen 850.05 4 seins=cusomrearnennre( i) i 0 MV eaxaes) | aca oe we fe Fe err (200 00041280.7)+ (5000,471.7)-105, 000218.) =102-4x10" Bru be © Steam Drum Hest put = 0d4510" Buri) he Sauperheter ~(10,000\13518-12907)= [2.D810" Bais]' ‘ ‘ } t t = apo flowrate | | Lo (200,000-»}218 93)+x(1164.)~100,000330.65) x= 118201 = vapoe Dowrate nd 8,180 1he = ‘guid flowrate ‘Steamost=11820— 5422 = [735817] Condensate st = 88180 $00 [SETRETETI] Solutions Chapter 24 ~ Bass Se ior eparaion ope, sed Se proses ‘Areal balance inal is necessary o determine amounts and compeaiion of | A Ed | Gonmonst Wits b | Gite 6 0 om 5s 330 Prout Haye 9 recovery of eye ewe @snasy=m4o ati) |Solutions Chapter 24 $$ ‘Now, since the produc is 98% Cll 380 C,H] 26,1, [ERS -oosmcu, Component wus » Gat 2 695 cH * C. Botoms CH= 350-340=10 Gill = 650-695» 643.05 ‘Sommenent mek cate vaaTaass oH 1310 ‘Weare now ready to determine, by a sve f energy balances, equates | sexe Enecay Balance on Sstem “A” (ee i. Energy ot with rodet + Energy in with Feed energy in with team = {Energy ou with toms + Bere ou wit refrigerant | ew assign an arbitrary enthalpy of 20 the lig eed sit enters the Preheatr ot OPE. Acta, ay reference condition could be chosen since we are onl congemed | with eaelpy changes in the balances The fed undergoes 20° se before it enters he il l Seltons Chapter 24 a feed = 065 (065) #039) (058)~0.62 Br) Entay in wih fed (0b eed) (CAT) = (1000) (62) 04-100) (2400 Bae | Entaipy in with team = 1 steam (aH) 30 ss, | aty=ses m1 | Esty i with team =(5) (45 bv From the data sien, the teroeratr fhe stud oud rot it BOF since iti menial pure tyne |c=ass ama cr | nyu with rds = (2459) (8) [306100] = 18360 Bae ‘The Dotioms ar practically pre ethane 0, T= 10°F, = 0.65 Brut) CF) Extalpy ox wih ots = (653.05 (0.6) [104-10] = 46,700 Brut Tha ragean experiences temperate rie of 25° asi pases throgh he condense | The het opacity ay be assumed be 1.0 Bib) CF) | enti ot with eigen = (refi) (1.0) 25) m Buse | Now rewring the energy balance “A” wih substintion of known ts: [tao +9455 = 13,360 46,700 + 25m 0Sotations Chapter 24 Teves sat lance ata ssond alan wil Be necator the unknown guaaies nec Balance “B Energy in with Oven Energy out wth Prodact + Energy out with efigerant + nergy out wth Rex Since we oe using a eux rton of 6.1 Ib refux = (6.1) (54698) =2,120 a. ‘No, te specific ently of the reflux =the specifi enthalpy of the prod, since they are fom te same seam, andthe diferences in enthaipy between te Oven sd the rodt,o overhead and ee, s merely the Beat of vaporiation of ethylene (cegecting the all amount of CH, presen, therefore, we ca ews Energy Balance "was @ Overtead (AH) *25 m (2.120346 95)(135)= 25m orm 13320 ht, "Now subsisting this vale ito equation 1) we have 30 4670025108320 | 12,400 + 945 so has 03 ie] te 403 sean) 100 feed Be 0.403 B steam fod "Ti otis eave he il nd ee The Pe Beal apr Solutions Chapter 24 imately TOF, ie won temperate of pre Cy. The ial emperatre of te bots ewes the Pre enter can be calultd fom a simple energy blzce around the Pre het nthalpy Balance °C Mo bortoms [0.65 Brut) °F] (10~T) = (fee 40.62 BiulBYC I-80 -(-100)) (653.05 (054 (10-9 = (1000 (062) 20) [eae]Solutions Chapter 25. 00 Ca) > CH) +H) 3C0, (2) + 48,01) +89) 50,00) AH. (@) 1/2044) + 000) CIs) +0,@) +C0,69) | scinean.ier--caiie | a, otc, = OTB The Alt: iO deinton, anran fas sm00 4x(-2888) 3x(-3934) +201 gol Bn | | | | 4 ] | | Solutions Chapter 25. Bass et Cat sstgataman Scouen.oey + caines!oyg) 2105 a9) +00) + ACOH) 5138 sat i@Hlow > ow e108 we o> HO a9 a SCH > CH) se, - SET 287 (9) Nile: -6720./g el om Appendix F |) Fomaldehyde gs (H:C0): 115.59 big mat fom Append F (©) Acta guid (CH:CHO): For gs aH, = 1664 10/g mltiom Appendix F “The eat of vaporization at 2932 K i 25.72 kg ml fom the CD, The Values lose enough 0 By (298 K)w use 288 ‘You want to et AH for | cro) +B4(@) > CH, 80+ HC) Cela) HG)Solutions Chapter 25 Solutions Chapter 25 Go) FEE CHG) GH Be “sar = [ay 28s840) (C3935) 7484)+9] a (40) H,G)+BAg)-> 244) 36233 aan 8) BG) BQ) 188s © Basis: g mo! GHG) } | & Total [510,029] 4g mol Cy GH) + GH) + 3@) | ; oO Aii007g mot): 1231 ses ° | i ag = fo (foe 6] -f0y-12.9]- LS eB CAAT 3 | ee) eee eS —— ‘NH3(g) + HCKe) > NHACIG) _ ~ | | i aiiaare mode aei0 nat isa ase gtconp | ay E = (E3154) fOK-46199+ 0K-9231)] Hag = (- 1052285 84) (39851 ow al Basis: 1 g mol C20 (9) (43555 -co143)-2288.80))= - AH ag = (98659-92466 Basie: gmat CHG) —— | 2.19 Kd per mel C013) | | CHG) + 2 O41G) + 00,68) + 214,00) Matty by 2 forthe resin ied POET) siyQ/e mol): 7488 0 ann 245840 oad " | © Basis: 1 pmol NosS04() Athy = Ena Ena ree ~ ‘AH an = (-1090.35 ~ 110.54)- (138449) = [39 0)Solations Ch T Basie Tg at CT OY ag (9231-11263) 81152 -A.0 =BSTH) 6 aro Ang (21845) 4323014100 #229690 +2¢28309)- fac Hel 502 @ | alten (1130 -¢28:84-25690)- REESE Bais 1g Aina = 2(90.374) = (80.75) Basis 1 gmat NCOs () ag = (3 C1173) + (99880) - 118094 #23 + 4-296 909) = [1867S] 4 ast gmtcsec) agg (139469 -6025)-8726 «HEED Bas: gmat Cth) Alan = (0502) (6228-9051 = LESTE] Bui gm CHOU ® AH = (11590-2418) Solutions Chapter 25 Basis: | gmat Cale) Allan = (140.7) ~ (226.75 - 285.64) =[-81611)} ma Basis | gol Calo) AB gg = (6228 84.67 - (124.73) - EHH] as Basis: 1g mol Fe Se | 4728.3 567.4)! got Fe, 1000 g ‘smolFeS, | 120 BFS, reaction. wil aff he vals in tbe ney balance asa All of Fe,05iscaleulted follows () tgs = Email Bait, rhe et 22.200 = ati, ~ ait, @)- alt, @) Note: The inform stout conversion does atc the vale ofthe standard ea ofSolutions Chapter 25. (psraanreeaertereeaerme= all =0=0) 2) Atty 284.100 1s =a, ait, @)-ait,, @) ) 284100 -522200-ail,,@)-0@) ai, «S82 5-267 Appin | Seaeeeaens nn EEEE 213 ‘The pobien equi more iefrmto to sive, To mike eon nie bat spprsinae, ese the econ aks pcr a 28°C and am. Assme th he ery alice reduces to Q =a and tha Q represents ese. Data Ai yo = 285640 aff, =-3935, bth inkgmol. Ref temp. =25°C, Bais: mi gk, MW of go = 10 (CHO, alco +60, (8) 61,040) +600, AH AH ene | = [-2.240) + 6(-39351)]-[t(-1260)+ 6(0) 090(-2816 160 fico gr] ‘ACSTC (body tempera) asume only the Oi sed ina reston 6 p01, |22.4 a Sc}310K! Tgmolse} gmol0, [273K] Solutions Chaper 25. Jase Gregese | afi, 20128, 1am 010° 099010) ig mel 6 40(50)10°1/¢ m0 G 924x104 mol G fed (naked fr) ‘Thereationis GM F208) SCO) +48 K0) | Need calculate the heat of formation of Cy (and HO (Of. cme aia Pegg Al mr =-24,820-3890=-28.69K cal/g mol How Aleman © AE nay Alar -$1.798-10519=-68317& cal’¢ mo (contineed)_|Solutions Chapter 25, Bast | mat ie (0 aan #4843 994050) (2 64) [RETA Kall | sas i Presurably Hy, Os C1, HC, and Hy are gases, (1), 6 gol FeC 403.34 bg mol FeC1) +9 ¢ mo HO (241.826 ig ol HO) 3 g mol FeO (822.186 ig mal F603) 18 g mol HCU(-52.312 kl ol HCI) - Geax) 6 g mol PeCLy342.67 kil mol FeCl) + 3 gal Ca (0.0 Lg mol Ch) 6 pmol FeCIy (403.34 ig mol FeC1,) = 68.02) 2 pmol FeO 11167 kg mol FesO.)+ 12 gimal HCI (92.312 kg mel HCI) *+2,gmol Ha (0 Wig mol) ~6 mol FeCl (342.67 Lig ol FeCl) 8 gimol HO (241.826 big mel 0) = (549.481) 3 gol FeO, (822.156 kg ml FeO) ~2 gol FeO (11167 kg mol FeO.) g mol O; (004g moi O> = [253.07 6 gmol HCI (92312. mo HCI) +32 g mol 0; (0.0 kg ol 2) 3 gm #0 (281.826 Kg mol H,O)~3 Cl (00 kg mol Cl) = (LTT) 2140 — 24 +02 Solutions Chapter 25 Bass: 1g gasoline 3.6K om? | Assume tte restonis: HOM) +1 ! 0,(5)-+0,(6)+2H,018) atizaaigmo 238.6 oat Bow. 638 2 re lem! methanol _»" metanat em ps 15.7910 | mano _s_| er BO tg mtf0-702 g Allg, = 698.52 1g ool BE A579 /em* or 2. 21341 100= 241826 C,Hh0H(6 +0,6g)-+ 260.45) +3808) © 951 Aligg ==1235 1/0 LEO as taiem! sara on 818 _eortinsed)Solutions Chapter 25 Solutions Chapter 25. | Sars (9) 109-100- Sas) | np 2015 iS Basi: | gmt Cl) | ee ee — C, + Hy, *¢ | i Cie) + 2 > EY) 2C - Bt) i LB) Te vate pore isthe hat maser for constant vole, Q Te etn abe a( 25) an ° ae a at constant pressure should be reported for the standard heat of reaction (an enthalpy Emel) — S | AH". = 2-74.84) ~$2.283 = 202.0 kd g mol eran es | 7 CHA)+20,(6)-»C0,(6)+24,040) Basi: 1 pmol Ce ‘aniRT) Q=aU=aH-a(ev) } Q=-2020-(.)(831 x 10%) 298) | the gases can be rene a ideal GV) = A(aRT) = An (RT), [THE TT al The conection aa Basi: | pmol Cu and | g mol H:S0. Dats tom ery ‘aRT=-2(6314) 298) = 4988p mat In Stunts 0f 27318 K and 1013 Ps te volume fs 22415 mga ‘The corston is ignoring the pressure chang om 1000 KPa op) au =(0-77278)-(0-810.40) 4958 Rat 2123 Fe 0 022 Fora consan volume proces: Otherwise you veto calculate p,V—p.V where = 1000 kPa and p, Qe AU=aH-agV)=aH-seRT) an 8.314% 10°) 258 Cus) +#,$0,(0 + H+ 6x80) | ‘The vale tobe reponed should be 3997-022» GSTERT 161 1 taig not (oieSetations Chapter 25, Basi | th mol ofeach eactnt Yes. Calelate he sensible eats using the tables and using common reference ‘enpeure ft Cully Oy > 3 GyHO, + 3 GHO, tara stearic and ghyeeol hy, = 10-964. (0,159,161 (380040 = ADEE al) Ifthe exit emgeratr is> 25°C, and he dite it tthe etrng temperate of ‘he reactants then less et bas 0 be removed rom the process. |». Remi anes prsmpion rnin i tt msc peered A:25°, af,» Al; with HO(g)= 24182683 /g mol HO, | ‘At 500 K; the senile heats have obo considered and 4 Os and ogeter | Lave arger aH than does HO 20 tht Afi, a SOOK i than Ang at ?5°C. | Sotutians Chapter 25 asa Yes (st the entapy of formation nthe standard sate ie). 2526 8(9)+02(@) +802) Hse ook (G27) 2K ASO) an Basis: | g mo (6)=1 g ot S0> (8) Bh ane BH +E AH ere TAB =-296900 Jig mols _ (ovine)% | \ Solutions Chapter 25 Bian] G91 90410 TOOT BOOKIE 13490./gmol (13830 fom Enthapy Tables) “This sures realy gid mt 600", no solid a in he equstion Poon = BB+ ABs 4 Ba J0s2+260<10° 41 +10,00061/2) *ass0e1.26010°HET “8, tonPe 2144+ 10,00 +3975 = 16.119 sign atta = [2% 29.1061.198810°F -0.8070R10°7" 41911410 TET 9340 mt (859 fom he enthalpy tbe) as (oRaaO FTE weTS] =-296,900+(3,490~-25.425) 2s27 GH) > CH (8) + CH) +H) Basi: 1 gmol it, Soleons Chapter 28 [ii =an, Sana A, = 2269847488) 0 10885 «285261 ant f Get aaTsb/2P 46/3? 44/6 T* cg, 680827 1.130310 4371057 o7908st0° TIS =555310/¢mel Alc, #4248 T+3.027K10°T 1 678xLOT 9455x10°T4f 2559 0/2 mol AM, = M31 T42735e10°P 4.220810 4275%10" =231018/g mol AH, = 2884 T+ 3425<10°T" + L096 «217510 13830 / emo! Bigg (255.16 + 25.89 +23.10+13.8) 85.53 =[FESOSTI7e wal) | ase ‘All iis from Toles E. and F.1 ofthe Append A CHOHIE)+1/20,(g) 200% H,COW)+1,0(8) 01 CH HSolutions Chapter 25 Com. Cy(IAgmalNK or“) 7 altja/s mo) CHONG) 239¢8301«I0°T-LET«LO'T-ReDsIO" °C 20125, OMe) 28404 L1sBe10"T-OGaTEAIO'T s131EHI0"T °C HCO) 28s 426810°T BOOT sc sss HO) 384506880410" Ts 076OK«I0"T -2595«10"T C-241.826 ace k 2c = 473K | Sie 118896241 8261-€201 29) 16647 Eg 16470.1/¢ ma Products ‘Adie equation oie two product and integrate (ech involves | mol) ame ® [ETM A9Su10°T 4 OHO LB LOeT ET = 128800g mol [2 2.39 +8301<10°T 1.87107! -803«10%T ET = 5000 get 28.106 1.158510°T-D6076x10°T 4131110" =2650 Yh ee 156 470612 880-2650 = ARTO ITA al 80,(@)+1/2.0,(9300°C $0.3) Bass gol SO: (Ne maIKK oO) 1 afed/e mat) B10611S6a10"T-asoT6x10"T +13NsI0"T CO 389163906110°T-3 106410°T" +8.606x10°T" °C 48.5069:186410°T -85e0.40"T +3240810°7 °C 98,280 3/4 ol leowre™ [485009 188110°-8 SHOx10%F 3240810" = 16,140.13 mol Rescass AH, = f2"891+3.90610°T ~3.104x10°" + 8.606*10° aT = 12, 1805/¢ otSolutions Chapter 25. cos A ae 8280161012180 Bast: 1 gmt Su 10 +1/202-+500, Bays =-ST7B=(-28830) 294.54d/g mat Alig = AH AEAH EA ane frscar 14, <2917 590% -amaset0* 3278010" | 29454289-@288-050.95)- [EERO mal fas, Solutions Chapter 25 2520 Assume steady ate flow process with reaction, Na) Hig) Catala Catia) (8) > C8) +388) | The sundar ea of ection is ahi, U82,927) + H0)}[l-123,100)] = 206.105 ml CH, Material balance: SiS: Basis 1 gol Cai ighin tense Make tlances fr ech spcis no that he unknowns Hs nd Cla ca be aad | Remit: my out = O73) = 210 gy, in = 10 Ay att = OKIKD = 070 mein © 050 fee, OH = 0300) = 030 a, ou = 050 Enermubslance __ (continues)Solutions Chapter 25 Coopecon aA pmo Le eerweatinnsT=30C a io ara cig same seme er am 7a “6 mas ci) aie ° aa () Q-LM esp) HFA HY gt Basis 100g mol CO corto, +00, Tae enerey balance reduces Q= AH. The reference tempers is 25° co. 100 gime —S2o| Re 100gmatl 0, tore Sottions Chapter 25 ~ Sensibie heals Comp ok TCO) Ates/gma) fom CD: aie mo SH) 2 100100 ans co im 50010 set ery ou 0 400 uiais CO; 100400 —395.505 624s *Youcan calculate A. using he bles in the append, bu the proces reels Interpolation, Basis | galof ac (1) Ethanol + C3H,OH(+30.(8)-4260,(8)+3,0 460789, | @ Beazene : €,H,(0+750,(8)->660,(9)+3H,0@) 780879 @) lsaocane + C\H,(0)+1250,@) >8C0.(8)+9H,010 1140692 Example sabsalton 141 Be] 0879 g Bal. 785 100mg mt Bal 6g m01 CO, a embz | igi] 1L | 78gBe | pmol Be 500, 18 cram Co;TaTRy (cist)Solutio Sotetions Chapter 25: |, Ethanol [77.55x10" Bu per gal LOH) [nasa [ares | Ethanol [12.5 16 CO, 7gal EXOH) Isooctane: [FTI Isooctane: [F121x10° Bim per gal isooctne] | S Cay othe standard combustion mater blance for schon it. The ios are . Se cers eee Ey & | etm fom eco ec uti eo gees ht Te Jiseae | Setteenecsmecrns pee [ass | ws TQ im tare) late me AH) | | BE Ses | | eee ee | CO,() 25 6 393.505 - 2361,030 SH data from the CD, | Nile) 25 821 - Comp %=gmol TOC) ANi(Kl/gmol) Af, Od) AHS) ' ae steer eee ey AH,,, © (-2361.030- 857.520) - (46.66 +16,763 + 61.553) = -3093.6 kd /g mol Bz | wigs eee ee | Seatac a 8 aa s Hy 308 500 384 mn | eee nee -SEETR ETE enemy —_— conseSottions Chapter 25 | to wit o ™ 293.05 201835 547529) = 6 TE) (Gea eaving) Solutions Chapter 25 Stenty save, open process RefT=25°C Bast: 100 gm P the me 1677355 eure BS | Fumace ee ‘oo 1098766 a eetae 20 | afar wre amas, oh Sn hg 00 San suns maaiioe ata come fom the material nce andthe CD, C,G!s moro) 208 cus Samp. Percent (g) mol TCC) Atijtd/g mot) Allen (kl! smet) ste) InEA2is8 said | soo oa ase asia 3991 | ime eeSeleons Chapter 25, Sotetons Chapter 2, P oF - = SHigaamy Assume AU eee ' o nu ose ass 5 ee ee acces a asi mod) S0K@ron : 970 a | caci6,00) 260789 ie 219 | coci,-2H,0) 140250 oo ur ouinPish a con vet 1100 3930s tame ssn ‘atta 00) co of a as aso at cme amt TY ahiene) ley asen | 4310 220 ua70 | o a % 288 10 a9 sosas0 G2Ch-6H,06) 1-20-2181 —2689 1K 3Hy219192.20) 2506402 | 1000 2828.17 Final | | warty 80 too aang sorte 208 8 GiCL-aH.0%) 1-30 1290-44290 cayaorW90KB028) 14274 Ree 10g 200 Liters 488 i | Rom «30 Rann as (yAisKIB}G025) 965798 Qe AH = (2628.17 + 205.184 14:8) (7.487 43.595) « E2EIZE | " | C201, 61,00) CHC, 28,044,000 | j (etn —_— | Fergal CaCl, 64,06) sas Qe B16 gy (14224) (2006224968298) | Bas: 1g ma Ca 61,06) =2581) 0226 Daigo! CAC, 64,06) Unease pen procs, Referee T=25 200.00 Bg CC, 8,069] 219g | ag 226 Bu ‘Tg mol|1000 g oF 920°C ma F930 _ a E Porm |125°C and | stm 10 uid H@+!0,0-+1,000 iesgneis84 00 Hag = [EAH ane “EAH = 410) =04-28584)-(240)]=-285.84 Fg mol W029 wa tguid hoa = [cyt A. OFC, HOt Solutions Chapter 25 = 1442.0 (03-22%) «000.06 = 11640 Bw = 11,800 9123003) = 11,70 Brute = 17887 + 57.560) 102205) =19560 Bw +1950 91.23 (12.05)= 18460 Be 2s28 the fel canot produce HLO ata product, HHV = LIL, bul the concep aly ers ‘cases in which waters produced so tat HHLV # LHV, Both Hand; exter t °C, ad the products eave at °C. The reference temperature is 28°C. Siocbometr uanies reat tosoring othe reaction equation. (2) 120268) +120 (0 AH; (lig mol): o 0 ‘Bigg, OF os (continued) Basi 1 gol)Solutions Chapter 25, Biel PO) = Eanes ~ — EAaraen A861 ope ag7-71 ue OF Altea you can ws the steam tables rhe CDto gett value. The reactants re tes, hence AH ea be bined from ables. EProdicts = (28583) Reacts = (0-+-0)+ (fr G84 + 0.00765 «10°T) QE G.10 1.188107 1)pr AFtga(O*C)=-20.71-(-1.45)= Las a Basis: 100 mol gs The easton for each compounds the stoichiometric amount of O; going to CO: es and HOO com, eo —af(Butbmo) ald cor a0 Oe ° Calle os 98.000 239.00 co. 29 ‘22.000 2344,000 Hy is 123,000 51g.000 ctu 1s 385,000 "725,000 ™ 20 o —_0 1000 54297000 Noe: NGI sanded stat is °F 1» moi s20°R worn io lox aa Solutions Chapter 25, = wd conaions oF NGI] asa Basi: | mga at 25°C and 1 at with 40% relive stration Cabal th motes of Calli gas. Hs pressure at 25°C iscaleulted as flows go" 3215) (62) (040) ~1.28 Pa and tus the pressure ofthe Call (g (1013-128) = 100k, | n= BY. 108 RT” tain |_| 10g mon Fs 1aerayen') “MO Hemel | Basis: got propyl benzene (Calls * CHa ~ Col) ‘The higher hetng vue ia with 0 asa guid. Also, a 25°, Cols it iis oral oiling point is 422K. ott 1 + 22 w) +9 COW) FOV air{ctah kw 0 amt ae fgg (2858049 ¢-98.591-10) 40] “0 = -$218210ig mol Gy [erate ae SDSoltions Chapter 25 Basis 100 mol of ns 10 ait bo Went aos fos 1s sso.88 175 (22005 is e782 70 mo. wt. mitre = 1880 mal AH. =H,0(1) 100, (@) prods; ~al,= 140 (@)+CO, () produce @ @ AH a= [AH prod arr, y= 35, co Ba tn (-23,600 (18 rect = 1022.90 ig mat 80) = 439,00 Br /1b me (=O BAT A 39.000 Bu Thiol [3792 Wa TF, 160 Hg Solutions Chapter 25, wiv ~[[160 B/N a OFF, Tomei 0) P22 ™-925.71 Big el cee =0 Ha tay” 2200 Bry (ho) Abe = 28.200 1880 - [ROOT TATE] [GW= TROON mal (03) a2 xa (-398.000)08792) = 1051 (GE We Ba uF a Te] |r Wee the equation forthe combustion fr | gram se: | got Fuso food + Onypen -»CO(2)+ H,00)+N@) ‘Bodh the reactants and the product ret 25°C and I at. The chemical energy eens bythe complete combustion of |g fa fod of uel secordingw the above equation ot standard conditions isthe heat of combustion. Assume the AH, are dive. Then aH, = €7.1)28)+698K10)+(14K8)=930 8 ‘The High Eoergy but hs (capil Cfo esi) 220 Caloris 1000 eso] 4.1848 | 11 T Calorie Ii clo 10007 | The values are clove enough.Seludons Chapter 28, 2s ‘When the combustion resus ina single component (Get the data for the Ain Ba, not Bro = Base Component Massfe.0, AiGu/b) HB) 1200 Heracloroetane, Cl, 00487 8 os Teuacnlorostiene, CCl 00503, 2iat tos 6036 Chorobenzene, HCI’ 0295211876 230535434 To 1.000 1490720000 The Br are [F707] fom the eat of combustion at, deviation of 3.2% fom Solutions Chapter 25 i FFF a i oo ow om sae a ow 0860 ow ist owe jour sss oa i ee ) | bem aaa auton oo oo a0 010m oo ere foal os mans 10 «os oo 100 HY = 14455 € + 62.028 1.-7753 50, + 4050SSotaions Chapter 25. ‘Te reactions ae | chon) +3 0,8)-+260,9)+3 4,00 | cyad+125 0,@)-»8.C0,)+9 1,009 | ate [z Saat] | ror ye (230) +30) 2X0) AY-1366.91) = 136691 13/1 ma C H,0H ee {C80} + (90) ~ (12.5(0)~(~1307.53%4.184)] = ~5470.71 kg mol C,H, Nie the l= 190759 al lf octane eis fom Pe, se: 14g a ‘Component mass.fi.= ke Mw afi) Jomon 010 608 96 Cattn 9.90 hae Tost 1.00 Ite fuel were attoctane_ Solutions Chapter 25 {agoctane| kg mol octane [1000 g]-S4707018 oan yy 414g octane} hg fg mol octane | 17.920 -46.108, 0-61 9) Bas: | pol dy cel | ae -[rnasit 20a} (41517) +2.75-388.51) 342-285 840) 46%-2:817)-2.100)]=-15213ksig ml cali For 100g aryecs 213k | Igmol [100 géryeale aes onde srg aE “Tea of formation The bea of combat forthe enon | amcs6s0 61940, > ta Om | | Cin Hes Oe +5600, > 392C0,(g)+325H, O10 (conti)Solutions Chapter 25, ] -Lsi8id=-[Enait, Sali} {.92y-393.50 +625 1-285.890)-5 600)- (ali) (Baga stb | mene et Cle HOA Pe | a — | \ mln ae | oo Bs aed esl ig | = Som | Teeny change in te salto nas Ean, | | =(094y-139051¢1.054-887.09 9174-20175) | 005-1305) -(.00(-261.02) = EE1% Wg mol geo] nee SR betes amieSotuions Chapter 26 264 Assume tat he face hs fo be ready function athe apering temperate afer 48 tous il requved at ie Lused peri for stow: 27048Y> 12,960 $.19= 82.462 it requin for 6S hours of eating ening 0165) Ao xS.19= 939 Diflerence S183 | ‘The problems may have to do wih excessive maintenance on shuting the face | ‘aown ant sang up The lsuion may be age | 7 4 ern the process berause the sensible heat of nirogen absorb lige proportion ofthe enerey relensed uring te chemical process [26s Moisture, genera, doesnot rest chemically with any ofthe species preset in ‘be combuntion chamber, bt it absorbs ome ofthe energy reseed dmg coburn, | dit rises the dew poin temperature ofthe combustion yes. 64 (a) reduces (6) increases Solutions Chapter 26 The reaction i | NH +0,@>N,@)+ 28,08), Cate the material alan et: | Basis I pmol NH tn wit nia) 2 ot s 2(%) ho | The ony balance retces to (with Q= 0} AI 0, 0° Atpang~8Hyaan AH? | Ths oltion we the este of combustion: | Hesttieaton a8 05)= [EAM = EAH ae) [2-10 +0}-(-48:5740+0}) ~[-216+4557]=-2399 keal | |I Solutions Chapter 26 Solutions Chapter 26 se Bester Ps O: 26748-175)=7.140ket | Ee3549 Ket Bass: 208° Cai at 155 psa and 70°F (1 min) Ni: 38.2 (100-25) =2.49 eat , Fe Fumace CO, Mae AME, 25) #249 47.40 + 25642397~ 5920 kcal Cota 100% < oe eee | | Toone | eda | uo he F |Asume soot: O22 Ns | a a | b Cay + 2 0, +400, +54,0 { oO; 1 63m = 357 How 2 Gas) = 3H6~(-1975) "4461 $20 | [20 A | 1(ib molX°R) Nan¢209= ax ; , OQ; 10748iI)= 7.74 Alc Wow) Sea)= ikae , Bo ea cums onns(!2) = 0554 wa 8806 -59.20 = 2886 oS Blo = om np wee SOC and 00: | oo ows mete in = 1599 wae! J =Solutions Chapter 26 noses (4) 19 aH: oss (2) 20, 042s ey ta!) Total moles out = 2161 bi ART _ 2161 Bo woll10.7%piah?)|1360°R P (Ab mo RY [149 psi =2116 a 00°F and 149 pia Reference enpertre = 77°F Ham, AH —an, Per gmolof Clie AI, = (24.826) 4-398 1 -1-124.73)-12 (0) 2658.44 Wig wo (nthe basis 0f 0.0545 bm Call 0.054 mel 484g -2658.4 4a | 1 By 349 Ba Te | geet {losses | Ses est of entering Ci (961g ma) 26545 mel 4036114] 1B ay, Tie | rot [556 Sensible het of enting gases Aico, =(0218B 0196953. aH, =(599%24.560) | als =(0273429,300) AH, =(0.070(25,811) ai Stendy state proces, no Solutions Chapter 26 Bub mo) = 086 Bm = am 7998 18 50139 Bm 3.000 0 ow WF 0. Fie @ [2200 bie 0 sat 30 i F ty @ 1290 and 400 pia Basis Q~=(2 «104(40)= 8x1 | The energy balances: Q™= AH ass () 3000 (at) | (= 2x10! Bas / Ke?) OF B= 1 Hove aiiou's) ation) 80s 1.1410? (ata) 3805 3ROSE__(cominun)Stun Chap 2 | oe A me SE | 0 3000 192 .4aes08 oF isa ier ee ee eee | , (ana east 114210 | store |e te ee | 316 Ibe] | | . " SS _| |saane suri nse0 | 7 sesratvel us 721 NON LMISSTR)_ GTR nym | Bases 1h merinonl 61070 Ti] at 77 F and) | ‘The number of motes of fue gas is ——— —— ‘CAIOPR) (0.7302) ( 26 Remo (am) Basis: Ig mol Hs) i Acre Assume 85°C means the exit water is at 85C, butthe Hand Openterat2S°C fe | | 950 3507 simpli | Fhe 1263 mat [—*—7__Fluegas 12.63 Bol | pe ZO Boe [ee 1 gol Hs) 25°C O18) 85°C _ 0.175 g mol % | | | H0(0 85 0.65 pel On 134 losemioxe2ee Hu(g) 85°C 038 gel | 36 | | ™ m0 | Te oven euton forthe elect ceria reatons ‘00 Le aies00%F rs |Solutions Chapter 26 ‘Anode: Wig) >a 6 J cater: Lo,ieait +26 -+1,000 Navowion. ged 0,(¢)-> 1,00) sete CD to get for Os and Hs, The energy balance edues to aH = W. Eaihloin Eula (A!t= [CnaT) sere sxrable bets os) aes | ine (as. Ter ciel aHoro,=0 AH of = (035) (732) = s80f0,— (0178) (780) ator aH HOC = | airy orn, <0 ait of 0,-0 Aisi gre) = 248840117 mol = (065)-285840)-0]=-185.796 Ig mo H, WAH, AH, + AH? an =(0.606+0:312+2937)-0-+(-185.196) RL 941 sue eT] | Te chemical formulas and combustion analyse ares follows | Combustion ofiso-octane: Solutions Chapter 26 CiNlgr1240, 98.60, +91,0 t= 146+ 400= 51443524 162 514 Combustion of ethyl lebol: 1,043 0, 42.60,+3,0 I= 46496" 1298+ 542142 Combustion of ety lahat (HOH +3/20, +€0,+24,0 Combustion of methane CH, +20, +00, +210 I= 16+ 32-80 +44-+36= 80 Rests est of Combustion (tn) Mol » —— wt secgol____peral esa Iso Ovane 4 som 2473000 noses Biylalcobol 46 630 33.000 7622 Methyl Alcohol 32 6510 263000 55365, MIBE cs 62 132800 93420 NG 16 a5 Sa1.000 5380 | -trecive density, Compressed tual gs dissolved in estab guid, eee (conanSettions Chapter 26 $$$ bof conshmsted__ 08 Consumed Less CO; Relative ga 1000. per ib tan Emited Ratio capa‘ 1 iG i JwoOcwne 10000 4000 2500 352° 17887 0.447.175 1.000 ty Alcohol “68.5 27833593 “#R 12680 29.07 45592 LISD | Mat) Alcobo! 00 2013 $968 44 9089 49.28 451.529 1.00074 MTBE- 844 3391 2049 220 15500 1336 457085 LazzI8 NG 484 1952 5123 44 68TS 6156 352206 O7H7E2 + Proportions eat of combustio/ 26.11 esis | min Find the b mote (assume waste gas MW =29, otherwise the composition so be {5000 1 iC moCR) CB) 161 mol (GROFRXO72N Hamm) "8 HIV sat $C so assume the CH, enters a SC 399 1059 Bw ny 23522 ibmoil 1a AIL, (77F)=-3.80x10" Bib a CH, 40.10" Bab mol CH, ‘The energy balance reduce to H+ AH, «0, Assume Cf the insinted exhaust mista ofa, Let, be the Db mol CH HOUT at 1208 Solutions Chapter 26 Assume the exhaust as has the sume proper as, ole the composition his tobe known; data ae fom the CD. aw ‘cotta 132.1454 (Oey, #1161N8235980) HN 0"F 20 a | An = .61y@59445.4/1.08 B23, $95,586-4,282 ny (-2802x10")=0 ey, =025 tomo! ‘The Wa SC of CH is B07] m2 Calls (@)+ 97202 (@) + 3.€02 g)+3 20) Basis: | gmol Cas (@) a 100 gmt CHC P co," , |? _, 83 ao 8° oo Ni 2031 | | AB=0=-aHeQsW oF omnes)ns Chapter 26 ‘Ait rey 0: 977 gmat T= 1520% (2)(92)= 9 gol Nrins4921)=2031 gmol Sensible het Reacts gmol —AMU/g mol) (AN mod) AMER Gk) aos oat Og Sa ° ° N@ 2031 ° 0 moar Produc: Assume T=2000K (92466.912) (3136-837) (5994-732) (6902-728) Assime T=2500K, cow 3 (123:176-912) | Ho 3 (08867-837), low 09. (9.119.732) [Na 2031 (95060-728) | 8y tines istepotaion [F=21005) | cao = 208 gers psn FSET Solutions Chapter 26 Paty ‘By making a edibatic ae emperature calculation foreach gas the vals, in oder of | ‘ners temperature ae found abe: Hy 7507) cago) cats 70) quit aspects were ot ken into account inthe caleltons However, you ea obtain he sme relations (bu Rote value OT) by ooking at the vahs of ati, “Tis isan open sytem with ection, The res isin the steady sate Sa? tout T=300K Ry Ea 128 { | | ait(uyg mol) vase 0 -s93st_ 24126 | (conus) CH, (g)+20.(6)-» CO.(g)+211,06)i Solutions Chapter 26 Sottone Chapter 26 i Sees Baie Temi) [Cr a ‘ Of) 2225 ° o Sip Caeule the amount of entering sr: Nad 828 25 6 o On tegvired: 2. mol Coss) 10 000K eB opats.o912) 30198 Nemerag: 220(0.79021)=828 g mot HOG) 20 200K © “tala © :1360837) “33905 Ong) 020 2000K o 9gi¢072) 11.84 eps 5.6.7.8 an Nig) 828 2000K ° (669020728) 45545 q teto7 CClealatethe amount of exit a ‘T= 2000K isto ow | Products: Oventerng: 2(.10)=220 g mot | ‘Asse T = 2000K |Bahncssiemed ou Assune T= 22505 |cou "10 sok © ams arsea912) enn joc ' a |O@ 20 de = Gutte saison” Sten a i Jou 020 mak easton) tna | na Na) 88 BOK 0 esonoas) stag | 2202) = my}+Og +a) aoe N m= om “T=2250Kitoigh ‘Summary of mole out | ‘Alecr interpolation res 71-2826 te, 1 not ty 828, 259-2826 sy . 828 ¢ ma AT 226 Gs «5H 40 "26.01 9,=020 gma ‘The energy balince fr an adiabatic proces reduces AH = 0= Z sal Z nal. Bem tecuetempenae inte ates wee | apy tubes forthe gts rial and ero soliton i egied. I we negra het ‘ect equations, soliton of ebic or quad equation i the out empersie roared Gf tuneateC, equations) Comsound game] I Aliy(ki/gmet) Afty(/g mel) aH) (Bescansf 2615 | ole, cig) 04 © | cog’ oa Ha) 02 | 00 Steady sate proces Basis: 1 g:molF Catettion for x: | | (CH, +20, +00, +240 0+ 40, 00, 2140, 940 0, Nin Mater balaoe for ouput (gol) On: (Chelan) 04+04~ 10: (bal) 04@)+02= | (Orta —04eH)+44-080-100= — 33(bexs) Solutions Chapter 26 .———_—— Energy balance reduces © Q La Ty=250 La T= 100 Out mala gm af (el/g mot) coe) 08 “sao e217) |Hop — 10 51.798 (@2i02003) Ox) 1655, ° (9482-178) Nw@ 33 ° (9916.75) | tp cur same fr enon cui) 04 7489 cow) 04 26416 ta 02 ow 4a Nie) 1655 Toul 17654-17222) = 49.487 (0 bi) 4052 (53402179) “S198 (42542003), 3 (3569-1755, ° GU5-179), "Total AH = 56920417222) = 39,698 (10 few) mae 3748 $5687 tgsSolutions Chapter 26 2617 01 cose] sarc | "eo; ' os 20% x 607 No W, APE, AKE,Q #9 AH=0 Hm AH AH pg AB =O Sot Bg = Bg auton: C0+050,— C0: (1) increase the inlet temperature ofthe fuel incre AH af reactans) | OrRewes: cess 03 (145905 = mols; in eed | | ™, ‘Basis: |g mol CO; assume complete combustion Deana ofthe excess O; | 2) increase he inet emperatue ofthe i inerete AH of reactants) where x= faction excess (the nuber of moles of NO; ae redaced) and us ess energy ogo fom ‘TPF othe aia reaction temperate) ©) rene xine) si recom conan | Maal Baar (4) increase the concentration of CH. inthe gas Compose olen al nt € eo! ©) weoxypen eich sr | | ° asi) ng 205 | ae - | x 01433029021) salt) EnthalpyBalnce: (Using 25°C asthe reference temperature) Assume ta Q is esetally eo. ThenSolutions Chapter 26 eee Haat <0 an =Zathr ofl car i, Loar co) oat EBB R(BE, eH) (110520) 102708 58-728) +(1+-05x)274492~732) (ssc 492708 94-726) a, + 10n80197 424994 1/0 Ail, -DaWe+Ef,, Gat 68.) *1.0( dia we L(g + 05x(AH,, yg C— AH loys) fat ~ Bly ae)* haaee) AH, = L0(-393510) + 1.0(48474-44-912)+0.54(32428.44-732)+ (Lact44)30683 38-728) ig, = 29068785 + 72107934 1/0 Ah, ~ AM, == -249687 864 72107 93x—(-102807.97 44724994) Solve for Peet Loge AH ye) *1+058)(AH,C~AHL, Soletions Chapter 26 ee | 26:18 Js, Gas Basis 100 gmol Ref: temp. 25% Materia balances Yesmol —_Osread, ci 960 20; +0032 1108) ™ 0 100 Nenering 192 7221)=7223, Toul Aye EAH, Oa solve fo rods HO CO) OH (24126) C3951) C748) emi (gm) AH /gmo) ABR) 120 (Gans ° 3936 960 (879.630) tase ae 54 30 912.655), 59351 118132 lo tes ° 020 mo ae Use ete th entapy tbls snd wal ander, or aleuate the temperate so AH oat = 809.2: Bn[ Sc,.at-+ fi] continues) |Solutions Chapter 26 an solve the polynomial equntion cbse by integration va computer code ‘The following ital wad eo. Assume T= 2280 K Som emo AAA Gigmot) Nig) AHO) CO 90 GT8.ST2) HST 2838172 nO 120 sas UD 30,107 90, m4 (65.981-728) ° 4120402 =11285.60 Assume T =2500 K co, 990 (23.76.91) 8351 2688335 HO 1920 @BBOT.IIT) DHL 77908. Nr 734 (75060728) ° tt om. Cu s o ™ mal 043s 0031 1098 4036 Solutions Chapter 26 AF Og mo (27-73) (52422) oy 4036 Hg 0) AFntusion rom Perry (or pseous products ofthe iis 10,5056 cali ig AOS ge yy | it rs == nL gs mel 920% | A Avene 1 UBIO) 9), 220 «TE | Chas Ea) cone atieuteno) ergot) at | 80) Bais: 100g #0438 gmt Cel w= 22627) oo, Gores) 51 anon | ene ES fic, = Sue a Castise* 245 Op» 16 002 + 17 20 MN (65.981-.728) 0 “$43.06 | | seopso; sonst gnet | Assume T= 200K | | tne attractant | co: 20m aes ast soos 2 | i 7 | —n Sor am iisaniciny Sao "oat ima mse (son) ° seat | | oma fons 29 _| t Nin 4036 _ 1-955) ciaSolutions Chapter 26 Seteions Chapter 26 Basis 100g “Te hes of formation fa snot know ut he conus o AH wil ane inthe calelatons Se hase aR) | 2517 mot | CrOn== CO; |The coke gives he highen temperature Opregd= 7917 pmol 7907 gral | Seema Na= 29.782 gol 29.782 mol i Prat) 11 aig mod 6) 1s dig) °O) (Sanna Grens) a “al 1 see C | Assune T=2250K two Hale) +20,(2)-» €0,(@)+ 28. mal aH adie) i wan CH.) +20,(2)-»€0,(@)*+ 2,0) yor lor T8-912) 2260.68 278 (6598-728) 198336 58 Gat = 1.15 (52728) 280 Tos os Matris Balance: Bass: 1g mal CH (+ 16 CHA) aH Wigimel 74840 38BS THLE Assume T=2500K | co: 7917 (ztT6.912) \Ne 27K (75.060 728) (comtinsed) ah Se CaT= 115 627298) toaSolutions Chapter 26 =e ae maar ea s ; ue2009-4h # » a G 7 |Pers sey te, 00, ¥, APE ARE : a Let Wo pmol iid HLO 9 310°F (2y-241$26) + N-39351}-(0% 0-748) = -877162-7484~ #02322 tule mol CH, aiiviemo) = gal aL) COn(e) (6064-912) ' sis N@ — 4aBi-728) 19 noms O@ —_asTE-732) 01 8s 0G sat (320-87) 163 9a Solutions Caper 26 ba nonasior farsa) B®] w amaw 1 ggg 77 7-32) 945 Bi EEK o7-39-45 0 18m sss] 1 mot a Tema be fetges Teer BROT Pin_,_768 nore, Maw, eae Meat. Fie. T1229) =2169 AB naan SFG/g ol) mol aH) Bui) Gsi a) 1 oa ean, a oe ase me (466-728) 719 ae p28 7 “a ee | | 128,077 + 9s26w + (-802,322)=-2942 + 4724.5 W+92782 = 149.8 | (99) (816 [SERGE] 2620 Amini 1. Tees rte sh ps ie iva 2. ate ean nd i pe 3. Thereie ao work Combusionis comple (continuesSotations Chapter 26 5. Unsteady state process 6 Closed system, The eacton Hy ()+40,@)-+ 1,06) ‘The energy balance reduces to aU =0-aHt- a9) BU Stes ~AH pn 25°C) V8 ‘The final temperatare come rom he vale of AU. Bass: I gm oth Reference temperate: 25°C Alyy 250) aH280)= naire Z naire y-aio-('Jo-00--anenaiemt Shang 2S'O) All vues ae zero Bente AT =O fom the reference T alee AH ofthe oducts tT yu integrate he het capacity unions oe AB, You wil have w sve 8 Solutions Chapter 26 ‘abi oF quadratic option Gi you wancaie he equation) T_ Asay you can {beable forthe combustion gis fn the Appendix. Dont forget subact AH @23°C) becane the referene T forthe bls sO" Ifthe ga side, A(pV)*RAGT). Note hat: ~3.38 pmo and ns = 2.88 ol an Ta the single akon, sai) Vy = S314 288g mx ink) ~3.38298) 50) = ey eas Bm 8298)} =n9er—artsind AF -A(pV) = 241.820, aftr mos T ore Sook — SEO —=«toaK OO, HO® 151968 1246RS 151965 Nig) Higa 14a 209838 (pv) ou Be Toul mse? 2782 Linear interpolation 1 241.820 gives T= GER Assume eal pa t 25°C and tm. Then the tank volume is 00758, ata ig [224181 Toavoidcleulatng 2 ssue esl ys fins conditions (otherwise se Kay's swathod, The fia presi MT 2810” alae HSK HOHE gray v ‘emeix) (00788C] 1am “This pres probably dos not xced the specifications forthe tank' ‘Solutions Chapter 26 Solutions Chapter 26 Cr > Toa 2621 HO a res 365 ios Assumptions i Bass: 1.602 g mot Cs (2) |) Thereactms and poducs are ideal gases | | at.ascy | 2) Combustion i complete = (8) The process unendy ste, closed system | | | The ess | | | czas) + 4y.24 209 109 208450) 818565 | Gk 250,020,091, | aH.a80)* F nalts T naire | The energy balance rece to ‘Yaga (25°C) = O because the reacts re the reference empersire au +W or Q=aU-W ‘Aleu(1000.K) Data fom te ables in Appendix DS. Or use the integration ofthe eat Let AU 5a AHS C) | ack equations or the CD Ifyou wantacalelate AU? foreach compound, Comp. xml AH(IOOOK 208K) Lgmol HL AU? = ait ~ acpi? = sf? R298) fran Hel gas. For Cte coretion is ¢ x 753 nas vats i 198 Je mand #0 te conection it Noto Tea sone ‘oe aie mo Cn) as 3x6 a Tea” as aie Number fini moles APN m MAE EINK) 00559 xg mat £969 gm 314 Kraynrya98K) HEL 6969 Bol ‘The fine! volumes ? 300 Letx=molofCitly, Then + 125+ 1254 (0921) 96.95 = 1602 cme | o 200 ° | (oni Ne 333 183Solutions Chapter 26 Jaa == {83140 (gol (KE) 1025}, 1000) (96.9 (298) (gma 612,110" son 61241 kd = 16-0 +8185) - (612) = FESTE] Solutions Chapter 26 jen pen process, steaty ste Qala, AH + aH, CaHo(e)> Cass) + 2H, (2) fae: ga ben | Qn aa HS) Ai (Ch) =165 gma (1622 omthe CD) ak (Cahn “24721 A= (11655) + 2NO)-N-1289)= 40.71 Seosblehee: —T=100K — Ty=28% 2K) | at fORpar Gpaaverect? var anaatod Tog oat! Alicg <192T +1 Hoxt0 "47670" 736000" Alga, = 91.9210 /¢ mol Sigg, “92371396010 5.157.007 1 874SK10 PE (comtinse)Allg, = 2884743825510 °'+.096510°-2.175<10 "442" fh, = 206 gm (20.5.2 191 92) 112.0)+(-40.77) = A TE ol baie ‘Ateraely you can we table of AH vaso the CD tat accompanies the ook to pet "he gg hd SH. Th answer fr the ently change is-25.3 16 ———_____] | Heats ‘AH =[(-1653)()=(-1476)(0] 13818-12102 | Tessa heat load may be diferent because: (2) te rest may no gow compen (2) Se reaedons are pombe @) —Gectfet of press is ot included (2) _eslaton maybe Bd me .2.3end4 ‘This isa seady sate problem involving an open system and reaction. All the | temperatures forthe steam flows are giver and shown inthe agra, Thereacton i (CH,OH(G)+40,(4)-> 5006)+ 1,048) | sit0a emo: 208250 -t1sa9 201926 Solutions Chapter 26 _ or = 1 met CHOH) 1 got H:CO4@) 200% toore—e} Sys ot 10 200% ‘The results ofthe meter blance ae showa athe figure. The reference condtonsare_| 25°C and atm, Sen Basis: 1 gmol CHONG) | Sins 6.7.8.and 2 | ‘The ener balance rice to | te ental ubles. ‘The balances wll bave the nergy nits of te 1900 fo (sa2eea2eni°r-sepec0"P et] - | si sossqo°yf"oaassoaseno*r sores" -359210°P et] | =-11589+ 00"[s999+84025-347], 241 §26--(10°)[5855:5613545+20238-143] 11589 + 684.241826+ 6010 a-as7is (continuedSoletions Chapter 26 a= a0 Gof asso AIO ATIF AOD TET] «ifos00) fersosuise0"-saorono"Y stator] [20128 10% (321925 380 109-6136-01996)} + s[o+o°y(21e25 58281-1994 .0.02265)} = 20128 +3602 404.117 196.53 (Q=-34487 - 196.3) =[ 1434 Ig mol CHO] het emoved) “This isa steady state problem involving an open syst and rection. All he ‘own datas een placed inthe igure. The soundings ae an open Sytem |compried ofthe water. Nz He agin. Combos Ny 0739 Chamber (hesyem) Ho 0174 ©; 0.087 1.000 | 10 400 kgm, 2°C | | Solutions Chapter 26 ‘Te resction is NH +0, Na(6)+2H,0(8) SHG mol) 4477 00 241.826 | ‘The essential clement of the clcuation ofthe iow ae: Or eping 2M MINA LOS geet a Teg mol NaH, ONE OF ©; sappca 0-HE M01 05 cog? tg mol O% SPH sop bs nt sa Tg mat Op read aces 100 REMO1O,IOI9UEHIN, 5624p mat, 021 kx mol O, | N: Suppie Air Suplied = 4762 kx mol Sins 5. 6.7.8 and 9 ‘The atrial balances Gin kg mol forthe proces give ae Bales in om ° Tata, N 502) +2763) 2) 4 0) Ma “The esas ae ut kg mel) (continues)Solations Chapter 26 yo =100 | nq, 082 | i Taal 5162 | | ‘The energy balance canbe reduced QA for both the water nd the combustion chamber. The reference sate is 25°C and one am. The Fist tem the . ‘combustion chamber System: Combustion Chamber "Atlan —Agnen S n ~ Ena, We can use he het capacity equations oth entspy tbls to ge Al | Pots pmsl Tairqungma) AAT Gunga) Am) a as ay a i 2 ok Giserma arma! : oe ome fase) amex est T_aitvangmod aicukgman stb) Ty ak HT TP | ow mm 0 (MD wie Nw mr tiem dams | Teal taser a tly =O as material ener 325°C fi g= 21.9510" B60 = 65910" kin so! 1 any 14g which cesponds oa mint of igi and vapor. Atone atm and All= 914 kg (lative to 25°), the water cn be two pse system. The water vapor fom the tenn ables ttm is afl ofstrtd water vapor = 2675-107 = 2869 Lg, ad afl for igi water ie 1955-107 =313 klk. Ths, tbe | facson vapors | 914 = 313 (9) 2569.6 (57=0.66) «saniican acon of vapor ‘Consequently th ei ine bas to be gute large to commode the vapor and Tiguid flow rate which is woume pe kg =0.266 (1.673) +0734 (0.001043) 0445 mf Mali by 400 gin = 178 sas | Mari balance Assume inputs are at 7, the reece temperature | Bass: 1003 mf. bE —ontewed)Solutions Chapter 26 Solutions Chapter 26 Bele air Less 00, 81 90°F oe sis HO er before TPF 031 079 oa | te o » | Bot before and ter the energy balance fr an open steady ae proces rade o Q Prd ioe ‘SH. Assume that before = Q afer. Cd Let; he gol of fue gas before the change in sat. Pathe gmolof ke gaa the change in 8 i, ‘The reaction is (CHa) +2 0,48) -¥C0,(g)+ 24,018) Hei mo): 7486 0 -39351 241826 93 nm ON ‘The cessive mail lnc are: a) is sel = Refine Basis: 100g mol P ios ios our ‘These values ae good enough ge percent ofeach component eq 278 nen Blanes a eee SaseL=Befine —_Aarume estan enter at 25°C (298K) the reference. 20. 02a = 78+ 394050156)=195 ‘Aw 19.5021 92586 ny, i= Hy, oat 336 _(comtinves)Solutions Chapter 26 Solutions Chapter 26 ing cod gg eee ong W Ch 78074 ° 333.782 O95 eo ° ° NM Bue mo ° 6. toss 298 rs our CO 78 Sas aeRst to2ss 2949389 HO 156 5415 “241826 B54 3639979 Oo 39 sso Ta 29.02 N Bas MIS oo zm 263 10.86 a8 28 | cuset—Ater. Assume reactants enter at 25°C (294K), Let P= gm f. ial | Oise 0 ° N Onse 28 ° Too out co; ons 5275 asa 9.640 saae7P HO GIMP S276 4146 1989 “40.38 our S276 0 re 0133? Nm ome 76 0 781 so0sp 10068 B0i5P Qe AH = 4078.128- (585.752) Qe Qe -54904 1 = AB AB = 2534 Paae | | Pane = 81.80 9 1780 (0.087) = oles CHe after = 764g mol v.78 before "erty wed before fraction saved is the savings 180,000? at SC oo 84g) 490.44] 1 Bae fe (3598 TT | gmol (055i | S135 [3000 (730-764) $1.94 1079s, Sav 780 eee Firs, weenie the heat ecovery rom the ext gue when cooled fom {OF to 350°, whichis 10°F above be temperate of 5 psig satura steam. Note we ul se 20°F to et the maxima cov. ‘From the ables with he nti nd final exaust gas temperature, 1100°F and 350° respectively we determine the approximate ea reovery tobe 198 Bulb exhaust gas ‘Tegtihe pounds of a: owing thatthe specifi volume ofthe Begs (he specific vohume off ta given temperate is ver los tothe specific vole of th Aemperarre) ac 00°F i395 cu, we convert he exhaust ow ate rom 4225 fimo Bas flows Basi: the (continued)Solutions Chapter 26 | etetormn > SESS IEOTRT 395 cutie = 612010 Thereof = 6420 x 198 Ba beat reovery 27 MB (e147 10° Br if use 220° water) "Net we clue the amount of tam generted fom the exaust est recovered. We determine hat with 20°F feedwater the het abated in prseraing 15 pag Sorted steam 977 Bl steam, 127 Maui be 1300 hoe 1470 if se 977 Bal 100 B/C 20°F wate) Steam generation Joo ‘The eting sonal fuel savings wit 80% bile efficiency bse on the lower ‘ating vale of th 2 fuel (18,300 Buu ol) and staming 450 hous of operon per year are cle bow (127 MB 4500 beyt 0 Knowing that te folders i about 702 tga, we figure he snl fe savings gallon. Annu fel savings 7140 sb, Anal fic saviegs = <—7140 MB ye __ % * TRSoo pee «7.02 bra -Sa0ER he 2 feo east $0.0, Selations Chapter 26 — sees Annual savings 55,600 gly $0.50) (opera The tal cost ofa waste heat ecovery nur an instalation i sour $20 000 fora S00 engine, Inthi case the ntalation can be pid off a sbout 4010 thre yee Base: (00 min | cane thetic proper ae om the Chemica Engines Handbook. The tached plots wed for quicker ie-polaton using "instead of Kfar emperature. The asf based on gid Cp and AF have been exwapolated foe the andbook ‘Tee bot gud wil ash wth no change in tot ents. Thus be fiction ‘vapid aso Be aes. ‘To alate faction of liad vaporized V=Vapor re fr=spit (ee) rte b= Bahay of pied iy hy Ent of ashe ig 1H, +Entapy of fash ap Von F have mas re units ‘Specie graiyof solvents a 400°: cHon: 0529 acy 0489be rhe Soletions Chapter 26 Toca ager a Pte Os alas peal Prat — HoH 10002 052998.39,3 =r 26a Bt eamyaas 100% Solutions Chapter 26 ag cHoH F210 30 wr 210 ts BP Mee 121070 © ar 1030 as wr 002 Br er 10 102 (Note that al he -heptae aay ates to vapor, Hyércarbons gamely ave fw heat of vaporization. Continua 4083 (a vapo) 4083 (a) vapon) (al vapon)‘The lower ammable ints of he solvent are (LF is concentration i) This would be sed to et iden of excess (edt) ofr } For CHOR67m% — C-¥1.05% | | The volume of vapor is | \y * apeie volume of vapor Wevey = gillime ‘nd the volume ofthe maximum Mable vapor clo is Ve Vevy ta Let Ths scifi solumesare | ts are RT _(0799JoniaXS40{0R) (ol) eae ( wal RXTE Apia ND KD) =r fr cHoH 0.734500 G98) fa =402 © forme we res The vapor cloud volumes se For CHOW at 90°F 2mspm(ioymingi2s2ye ez See = [51a(to" (in) Forney L omoraon Solutions Chapter 26 Therefore, oan] Use criteria ofa, Asume sochiomente amount of ifr 25° input (inp T makes | inte ference. gnreresible ests, | | ny crow heats ofcombusion are 19157 52 awh mas bured 08 230 rey released rm) 20) Bw Soil coote CH,OH, Basis | kyl CO, in Grose Feed, = Ran © Fecor]| Be CO) H:@) Ne) COs(@)+3 H(@)-+ CH,OH0)+ 1,00) BSC 298K T= BK 109 C# 373K (continued)Soltis Chapter 26 ner) z "Material Balance to get N, in gross feed to the reactor. Assume concentration is = Sea - | ono | | : TE A -etemti | | sen: Rest e | | sind i a | ‘Number of equations (5): 4 elemeat balances + fraction conversion | ‘Unknowns (2): Fand R; Equations (2): Total and Nz | paerorenenn | _ ee d aeeeloonea ueae eee eam | 3g hws mF he | peer aeerenr eee, Setieop cape | nan thos a F-25802 Agne ReLSt0 Age ets: =| ee eee | » | ie = on tgen = rset | | 00, balance: 1 - Mea, +0 osm) 8, = 0.0816 ~1.520(0.045) = 0.0128 | © (5) > | oe Ree } | es | | | a ns | 7 | | | | son an sin esr | nena Baw j ost |Solutions Chapter 26 SO 1 -(LB mao (rae pes tane-1s00-028 (eon 1 (22a enn (aa noel 25°C AB=Q+W-aH —aE=W Q= AH = AFed ABs our tev Comm — mal fed /eg mot) a(t kg mel) AL ccu012) 037 asgote oasKs sy AHUKSE) 155.640 H0(2) 037 “2assa0 GO.asKa IBIS) 16097 COn(g)in. 0067 3955510 GO45912), "265222 Higa 0336 o asren, ne Nr@inPe 00128 (2010724) 28 os) 067 93510 268.406 | Hi re) ° Ni) ooo 0 Brrr (= 320.157 (266406) = 53,7511 (het removed) The over esis DSO ig mol et ee) Soletiont Chapter 26 [am ‘Stedy sate, no W, no Pn0K 30 Q= AH $0, °: Maal balance (201078) i30(025) s = nh, (L5)+ 05, (+5, ()) s,x185-5675)-228- Ret T= 25°C = 298K et steady ste, low, no WP, K:Q=0 out Component mol TiK) —ait(/gno) aHCYamol) aH) — = (ontneSettions Chapter 26 Solutions Chapter 26 oS = pe pare asa Tae aC 7 5180 GTIse255) —aasnek Ni BLS TOKO Cz s2728) sn18060 , One) «6125 700K ° (1325-732) 763196 | epee Set ne 401 |es—25)° \ Zo. | @ro aco j N | SOs) 90 OK 295500 (234.984) 2633850 | Iu) 612 L000 5 lor 35 fom 5" Gta 290 tom tee [so 81S 400K 0 8.695.728) piles | | | mien 55.200 102500} | — | fT ctoosre | [Zahn EA} | | 2620 Taste 1025 9/he—> . DHagys 226 AT/cYbor) ‘Ope tend sate system: the nse ofthe el aH+Q+w Q=0 Weo | an=0 Ate + Atle =O | m2 (12 Tem Cp(T1 Te + Alas 0Setations Chapter 27 Basis: | to tutne {70 Asse sb roe, Vapi ot cosa TOPs = 10 sin The values ofof the baan cart inthe txt. Lend use the {CD wget bong point a 1016 pia of 143°. Use te eal pus law to get Yigg = 883 7b oF 539m, 026 fn from ery o 0.0162 mg. Basis: 1g bute 10 NIO9- 00060 Yasar ie lem) Erecting) ‘The energy balance cannot be used tm calculate W Because Q iba known, If isknown, AB-G+ 9 0 WG-08 -G-(afl-pad Basi 1 Ibmole #30 Process: reversible bath, open syste, po reaction. Sytem: vestel of wae, Ey-EisQ+W-aH-AKE-aPE aK are~o “his eqution will not ead oa single unknowe, W, fromthe dala given. Beaute the proces i reversible (ince he temperature and presse re coma) W,, =~fpd =-pa_ Work done against he smasher at constant —| Solutions Chapter 27 9 from Steam Tables = (26.81 0.0167 6 14.7 1144 af 2683-o016n | 1 ow what rj 7 (6) (BIT oT (ae) Basis hg team Poth ar not shown but the dt ied sud sates ns 0 as wo mo 2m tt asm 0309 cas anne Talag ase aay fiat ny ee tem ey tance QW aU eves work W, «fp? Si Lv Se 2 cane T= 30°C aff =3598-3542 16gSolutions Chapter 27 | | Seton Chapter 27 | “AG 16 [OOOKOSHID)-Cronvo NaN] BTR] ‘or calle we AU diet rm the CD. every ied, Wy can be act by seetig (i) pi aang | amisoherm and integrating he area ender plot of ps VQ then canbe ‘alelated fom Q= aU ~W. ‘State 2to Site} at sonst V. afl= 2862-3558 =— 696 kik | q=au=—3smm7R ‘Sate 240 State at constants afl=2733 2562 =— 129 ekg AD = ~ 129--[(400) (0.4625) — (400) (0.5339)] =~ 100 kitkg Wer -pAV=40 (08625 -05239)= 286 Uke Q=av—W=- 109-286) = TET] Siem Stes wih ono sfi=mes-2ms- ssrute AG) = $52 [2700 (0.1161) ~ 400 (0.4625) a ~AU=-423.5 Wg or W = ESET] ‘Sate Sm Sate afl=3se2 - 3285-257 Ung 251 ~[(2 700401361) -(2700X1161)}=208 Bag | | a=? Wher? (canot be calculated booms path is uknown) ma Basis 1 Romo! HO nia ute Eile Water a 212°F Satur steam 9 212°F and Tar (ety = 48) and a (eathalyy = 3H) | 1 Steady sae open (ow) races: flowin pipeline, negligible kinetic and ential energy changes. No work is dane bythe sytem oon the system so that W=0,snd, wa Close aon-ow) proces: The basic equation au: Ui=av=O+W_ (conte)Solutions Chapter27 Beth wok done tcl volae xpnion nd ieee af pv =-pav=-(0¥,-P%) 1» V, from steam tables 4) vi «er y2419- 00169 ‘Basis: Adiabatic expansion with ao workflow res W=0 ——_ineversibeexpasion ‘An example isan idea gas expanding through a cestriton; Hs a fancton oT oly and itaH=0, aT =, Seems pice fa ASE) er LB) m- oe fv For onideal ss, Cl canbe of bythe second er. Setutons Chapter 27 System: 118 mol of Nin he yng. Compute the change in volume ofthe Ns The nia woe is mal to.rapsiaKt?)| 160" mei R) [7 pin V0.5 (55471=2274 Ab mo | | 2= 1.00 (alultions no shown) | | 2. ile the: comprston is irevesbe te work done bythe seam on the piston maybe approximately reverb beens ps conan apd the reserva rg 22 that the stcam conion sre essentially constant with expansion on op of he ison IF [22749] 1 Bw fps Ba | =- 2946 Bue mel | |b. The work done onthe pion by the tem ay ot all be astra tthe Ns ‘because othe every ofthe compression ofthe Nz by the piston. Ti were reversible, then th work done o the Nr would be compute a low fp aceeeeerer ceria aU +arE=Q+w | 20 Wa +2046 Bu comin)hi Solutions Chapter 27 APE (ofthe piston) =? Colette the change neigh ofthe piso, oy AU -0+2946-+ 0014 =2946 By ‘ai ots energy were anster othe Nsom compression (alitly, AU ofthe Ns otherwise, AU ofthe piston and cyider woul go up and the AU would be 2946 tub mat N of the N; would tg wp as much & 2046 Bal rol Ns =-0016 BE (canbe neglected) | | Solutions Chapter 27 jaa Arm cost 300,000 kW (000 he |3.4128,0"Ba| $1.10 | “Pe Pore ho Fran |x Basis: 100 gol Fe Masi nln ‘Chemical eacsion equations (@) Cy #20) + OO: +2800) () Giller 340, 200,380 | ©) Gnttan0 — Seo} 0 i Excess Op; 202535(10) | ~2025 gmet | ToalOs 20253542025 = 22279 me Nyentring: 2279(7921) =838.11 pol | | sot mid chia! ome | Jou 964 sas 964 1928 vase | | ck 201 “ans ‘02 sear | GH 06 a7 is i 204i [so ase o | rd oeSotaions Chapter 27 [Eater ga r= a0 a) cos T3399 1901.19 HO 1s304 307044 N 2690 Totes o ery 206 Toul 15891 ‘From the CD To get the LIV, Us the values fom Appendix Fo ge the heat of ection at SC with 1H,0(g) a8 he product. 20d Ns have Resstion (0 4100 g.mo ae Altay OSH) HIVES- UAL SLO)-Mal-F888) = TT Reaction AH, = 4026-393.5) + 603-241.826)-2016-88657) = Reaction (o | art, =1.-393.51)+1.8(-241.826)-0.6(2041) | uv =s1 349157100 g mat Base 1 cond ‘Conve all ofthe data to a5 needed. The proces is sea tte lec cutout $00,000kW > 5x10" Ene with fel np Ea (66 kg) 28400 kk) = 1.4910 ‘eat ad nthe stam ie is bois). Data are fom the CD. Q=aH=m__h_ fi, =640e.t7s9-6470) 21519 «108 Boiler ficiency ~/S12*10 2 409) - GER Deter eicieney = ago" kj)” BB) (Gross plat ficiency soto! Stem cyte efficeney = S810 a TossSeletions Chapter 27 mi #0 T=a0K: Poo dewpoint 248.640 iu ror whe Grose Vaa6stnt Bae gO The process is reversible conversion of vor oid at constant tempera nd essa), pV, —¥,)= 400 1 kay) _USGAPa|(Y,-3.654m'|_ 11 [Ke [ics ea Troe 4¥r34684)= 1609 Vi=2025 0° 2005 m! (4-1 Y0.001067) + (0.7308) = 0.4080 . nial al he HO i vapor ea the dew pint) the volume of Hud wa 0 | AFB aie [Gap we, Fogo See ¥00 for guia aiiay = 10°eg "| are) 09 = 1508 in Solaions Chapter 27 The dens of water i 000 kg {290 t 35% ed to callie 8 Basis: 1 mia (1000 L) cominvedSetutions Chapter 27 [Tove he empeatare hangs, Yor Wrong proces teensy balncerdaees toait=0. 39,290 kPa Alt=208 a 140 kPa afl=208 fie f cars | A» But the second erm fora gui i approximately ar, hence Process: flow, steay ste Sytem: oud wae pump ARE + BE far, +B, <0 Application ofthe ger eqution fo the conservation of energy isnot oo wef since itrodaes to, QW AH. By assuming eeverible proces and applying the given | emeeny actor, one obans the wrk pe ne done on hers. We # [V9 Visconti, We Basis: 100 gatinin Settione Chapter 27 100 gal 1 (ay [G00 09) Cbghr4a Gm 1 top)_| il a STC Manca energy ble: RE =FE = (Vop-Wek, -0 ‘The minimum work he revesible work x08, =0. Then [P¥dp= a9 ‘lence reduce Wo, = RE + FB) IP isthe massing then, W = wartime = power W = (RE + Pein + Es + Pn, — Es + FB, whore the sbscis refer the ors Basis: Rows of water shown in Figure in ext (i, “Toke theft oes the dat: KE eo coniued) _|oa Solutions Chapter 27 = sn, = £0, 0.133762. alaroielatny arr! |624 ph mn ing 2a 0.1397 04a 2 sys tet | ae ‘ny 22 ofan tel W =[200) +1930) (41.2) + (50965) 27.8) ~ (05+ 0469.5) 62.4 ry A417 Bal PO 3.00 28, 200-348= 117,170 DED, wie) isyis) veal ey | Process fw Sytem pump Basi: Ihe ‘Use the steady stave mechanical energy balance 0+ Fy s Capo, 980s [e0~ Tap because Vis essen constant at 10°? m tag 107 af a1s0—to.9N| 1 rt 2 far "050 ihe 8 co0sng yey * 980% 1050+ 60.0 1208 eg cual 1208. Amal wok eases 099 "FS TG Basi: | min {contnses)Solutions Chapter 27 Solutions Chapter 27 - [fiemmtvace iF mre, ———— 1-21 en cain ok Assume open steady sate proces [rm ‘The steady state mechanical energy balance is | se =f vap-We, <0 Sram: Fig sbove he pp chug (1208 ap) Saeeeereaeans Assume RE ++ 0ap-We ke wo Lake. System: deareactr ote sto pining nme Discharwe resi i np en that p= and V isconsant a 0.016 #1 | Basis: 1b water i APE =120(R)b,) Mbp, However, the evel in discharge tank ads some even Basic 1h eight o 20Ay Qt , . akB=1(E8Y (C2). 9 sony, (Assumes no velocity in the a= 0016y0-s.5080 ale) liam | seme) W=0 orthesysem selected on 228) 1209) =(-201.8) B18 UP Anan, ener eve) — t (comin) RAE |e —-temea,m, re reterence for is atte |Solutions Chapter 27 Solutions Chapter 27 a (ae \2 2 1b, GE) 207700: | [mmm | Integrating we et 527 s218X0) tin) wai B=, Bal, 0x Franny PE f= enw — f,=73 Bum = (r3-148}98= ETE BiaZib) b= 0942077 +4= GEER) mae 4 Cone Bul 1 [293-10%CewyQ)|_ soos we, 105) Basis 118.003 TB [ew The sytem is the compressor (open, steady tae, no reaction). The steady sate Dow mechanical energy balance redueesto W =~ [Ve eo, can fal tn ave a | | sce ste Coie DTTC) Seba) insia) W/o) isi) 19s ‘ os 20 0 us 03 330 6 ws 02 10 3 37 os om 1s 6 010 ny io 10. 205 0Solutions Chapter 27 Evesme Fp 150 kPa Loi-w 5 p= p,-p) «tno 450-101 [ed -pperaor 3 1 FE = gh =9.80-80) 704 AFB ph=930-v) 704 ame work dove by sytem Tete 1250265678 «0 jig) | The Bemoull equation Fe comity ow tress a, 0 Sein hho opens ons | (comin)Solutions Chapter 27 | | j--— nat Basis: 1 second = cAyia GPF) ® Lazo. Muli both ies oF Equation () by p sacar ® “The nite under the equate rot ae main ty (8) Je icine oy 1p isin the units of Pa Solutions Chapter 27 Fe a TR cE (065)|n(4s10° oo-[ SSR) gen oven ose) = Ths a © ‘Thea deiyis ee OG (enoiXk) 4 ant9s_)| 11g | 100) * ew") [oto stm) 2736 «10° glSolations Chapter 28, Solutions Chapter 28 — ee Si Aiea, Bes pl — Ber] mm ig mol up +201 sg 4 Lis/2Chig) > LCs) aHSy =-s08.7810/¢-mot Ls tuo 86 oe. 6505 1112 585 | Licks)=10H,0(9 > LicHtoH,o} at, =-132845/gmolLict +1705 292s | Li+1/2.Ch(g)+10H0(2) + LCKIOH,O} a, «46.6 mal UCTIOH,0} +—— ae 25°C and | atm for compo ‘The reason the fezing work is because eat removed fom thee cea ding ee) the soliton of the al (rte CaCl "6,0 theresa olution i wih the tached | faeries eremee te ontmeen water of ryan, (Note: A mixture of 3 goce 1 1 gNaCI S10 gol HOD I gmolofNACI | sme Nacigy 10 MO» NaCI 10 HO), nose Fe 116370 a8 116278 3186 161.98 31.06 16022 2930 ° 1s | alt= (-408 95)—(-41.00)=2.0113/ mol NaCt i a5 * 5 1138.00 201 100 0 For the CaCl -6H,0, you fist docompose it nd then disse iin the #40 of bydaton it mls in fe. s.17 435 rele CAC, -6HO-+CaCI,() 468.00) 113830 2638 113437 as conned) Aish: CACL6)+6HOFCACLSH,O} (0) aC, 6H,0-+ CsC1,6H4,01 AH, =[5-28540)+1(-794.97]-2586 5= £76.49 KF AF, = (-8544)-(-19497)= 040 a, 106%Solutions Chapter 28 a 8 ehcetin AT ml) & ee oe ae gr EO ‘The nit components ae a1 25°C, The heat capac ofthe olition can be sumed beta of water although in Per, a soliton of 4% NezCOs has heat ‘apa of 95% ofthat of water), Jel | WeHO [ais 7535 gy ci HO lie (or 71.$1¢g mot) CC) We \emotsOl tat “ww the process is batch sssume AU ~ ISHN CO, 10H | 1H Naas , Ekg Na,C0, 10150 WOKE HO| 1B soy mot H,0 bie Ho Basi: 1 gmol NCOs Th alsin consis 20k mol of wate an€05 kg mol Nt: CO, oF 4OKE mol HO peg mol ofa COs. From the able Asam = 116022 NasCO, Solutions Chapter 28 Fis calelt the A forthe isolation fon grr mole of NCO, 10H,0 Na,CO, 10H, 049) + ,CO,()+108,040) aH(Gd/emo): 40819 113052285840 AN =[(0X-285.84+(K-113092))-[-4081 9} 492.5813 [Neat solve he | gol of Nap CO) into 40 go of HO | -teoz28 AF Ne,C0,140#,0) Ait Ns,C0J0 ,0} « -113092 Ail aie = = 29308 eu = 9258-2930 = 68.28 Kip mol Nts COs n=20405 20.5 kg mol ‘The ener tance i t= Q=nCpat: Basis: 0.0 i mol Na,CO, 10 1,0 disoved (equal 10 50 g mol NCO) (63.280) (500)= 205x104 (783) (F-28) (r-29=205 TsBEG orasvcirancp=715) |Solutions Chapter 28 Solutions Chapter 28 Amol got mcolmoks) AHA) moesofsoty ig mas sotnatny ba 00 sans to or 20 u 02 1.650 0 03 “in0 3 os 3.980 rs os $150 Ler a) Cue) 10 “880 20 vesmes s 10738 as 4 mols HO dckes HNO i 30 mle slain fd 20 “12365 30 30 “14610 40 Ble 60 mes Sle to thes 50 ry ¥ 30 14300 60 100 -a01s uo 200 12.705 no Bass: # na Gn sohtion() the proces itbatch astme US = AH, Poth entsy per mole of lution fom the table sbove a function of the wt. % the pro HNO fom the fst ble Overall balance: A+B =F NOS balance 0333.8 +0.60 = (050) 0333.4 +060 (8- Aya Solving: A=3 mo (1 ml HINOs,2 mol HO) “The problem ass forthe het absorber on mixing the two solutions, AaB ‘The enhapy dia come fom the ubleia he problem sateen | B= 5 ol @ ol NOs, 2m 30) |“a Solutions Chapter 28 Solutions Chapter 28 [O= a= a= ay Tai TW mal CHC [A rato i 2 mol HO!mel HNO = -20.290 ig mol HNO, gn IO CASE poh Crat==Fmot Timo! BSc” [35000 = | 'B: ratio is 0.67 mol H7O/mol HNO3 = ~10,880 J/g mol HNO; mel Cac +2104 410 CaCl “6:0 Fro is 1 mo HyO/mol HNO, = 14,250 /g al HNOs (= (-14230.g mat NO) (4g mol HINO) (20,290 gol HNO) = (-42419)-(-3335)=| 2995 Aig 19-2819) 95] (1 gimel HNO) + (10,80 1g mol HNO) 2 gol HNO,)) © AS aotm contains: (52810045) = 1172 mol H:O'g mol CaCl, I) | Byliearinerpotntoe: A = 208,10 kealig mol CCl 23 | k= (20910) 2083) =-08 kei wot cate Q= Atte tsa ute Alec > the 300.) = [EHR aT] Conversion of 20 wt % to moles: | a aenae ~ m6 Basis: 100g solaton 8. Q*0 (ie sition 2OECACI{ smo, ee) | Trg cach, “OBE met Cache | Basix: 900g 0 and 63k HNO, EH emotO | MW: HO = 18, HNO, = 630 4.44 gmol 0 } eo * seo, eo =s0tg mot,0 22-1 kg mal INO, ks Sontie (4.440.18)=24.7 gol H0/g mol CaCl, ihe proces isbtch, assume aU = AH | Reference conditions 25°C and aim arf te my ) (2a temic) ae a eee out Bent enol HNOUOSOOKO-+ NOOO) (eominaed)Solutions Chapter 28 Solutions Chapter 28 ————— X= To gud and GOR) = Wh Oar. Siew a DAP a1 am 118 AF? te = (205 978) 0~ (173.234) = 92.746 kg HNO, | | | | 20) + 0.x (1165.2)~ 683 (380) (EBSA) (end 15 seam) ‘The emery balance euces 0 Q= AH = ABs Q=(50) (32.944) = TT) jas | Assn the system sched bat AU Caleta he inal ethapy, Use Hy SO ents concentration cat, —J | | Data from te $0. enthalpy concentration chat. The ntl sates ae: Sonn.) SO) SOTO — ail pov fier) aH | | 20 2 bemoans 2280 | ae ct 3 OK orn 14 aM Base Gee TH) TH SO, SHO Metso, esto afin sfluse aD Tosa iss ssa Final H:S0, covcenuation in closed syst: 8 Som e423% ‘em sm aon -a2 Fina speci ently: ‘The ial concetation ofthe mixture (ot i 900k) $9311] Bw 04s 7 380g [ossig) SP BM/® nat s0.= 38 900) 243% From testa: T2200°F-o fT) or HE] sh0*100-5=50% Thecompontin of eis «STS ARASO] Theory balns aes A= 0,0 Aa An The oc iy ‘ofthe Sia soon is 312480 KUN Hg = 3472 hg coined ‘he system isclosed, then the fal tats 0 phase aa ——(cominwes)_}Solutions Chapter 28 WI2W] 1B Joaseg [1B 352 Bul Ta Kasia ge 1952 Burm Fro the H,S0, enthalpy ~ concentration chart forthe two conditions, | | T225"F or 22" Theconcentason of the tiquidie 3% NSO] ‘This problem can be solved using the car in Appendix for NH, and SOs, ‘ot the redngs wil not be very scutes beter ogo reference book (or the fated oad for Nit and use Table HI for SO Preimiory caleltion for NH Basic 100 g 0F 15% NHLOH by weight at tm 2 Mw emo won 1S 3808 Oats HO OD gir Tos 100 Sus mal aw 2 Nis 0428 rr 139 HO O4r47i7=5105 em a} tooo ‘The enry balance wl ede toQ= AH ifthe system is open and Q= AU ifthe system isclosed, bu we can assume fr closed syste AU AB AH=EAN-TAHsAllge+ Ait Solutions Chapter 28 Reference condone 25°C a | sim ‘5, The reaction i calculated from (onthe basis of 0428 g mol NI) 2NHg) + HSOMO + (NH)SO/0 | ali(Qdigmo): 46.191 81132 11793 a, (04280 -11793}-[(0428)-46.191)+(042840.5K-81132)] =s898 ‘The data for NH come fom the LaRoche lndustes website rae than Appi | ates: The products are atthe reference condtan 0 that Aya, 0 ‘yma! The HS, 28°C and | ae, ence ite AH= 0, The Nil sat | tm ‘where he temperature 11°F (77C). The AH fom 77°C t925°C (31K to 298K for 37.29% (by weigh) sohtion of NH, in water requires data for he eat capacity wich arable, hese use he vale forthe water lone (9271 go 00927 a) Use da fom he seam bles othe CD, 0929 Sthaea 10.66! per 100 gH; sltion Flas NH, Each compound hasan associate heat fsliton, The value in he LaRoche tables re for 234 by weight Ni, (conned)Solutions Chapter 28 Solutions Chapter 28, Wee TCH CQ A iwbsoinion) ] ‘known. Ifthe difference bewween the All of the crystal and aqucous (NH: SOs in a a wet | Arex Fis sd, ben for (NH S04 23100 110 cam so. emt, ‘The values of AH in Buh have ob adjusted lo 25C, and he difrene taken, (Convert fe 1 Egy =-359-104941.35~ 116.1 Bu 1.055 9] 1.29% sation tte ibsohtion| Tu Seg cana Qe at 0-10.66 +(-38.98)+(-1275)=[239) 181.0 Bu [055 3] 1 ibsohtion| Tu (O4S¢g soluion: = 420.61 kg soon Assume yu can calculate the AH fom T 0 25° using only the AH of water DOP2Tkg_|2191 353431100 gsohuion 1708-7702.7% Hoy BOATS | (RTO Ton soon kg 0.100 ig_[317.741 2B-r7comeMO: GENE Pisin: 267 0g son 2030 gshon = 667 en isaac: 428 00g son 3140 sin 1026 as eae =661 1026-43900 gM on Theme of 0, en with 048g co 05 coson 6 ilyind Soe Tetsortasens ote mS, Fon | ea Ape nn 4898 il Abatee ~ (-48,998(0.214) = - 10.49 1/100 g NH5 sofution | The het of solution of he (NH) SO, in [5.145 + (340.214) mol of 0 i atmao ‘eat of solution dat have bee taken ror NBS irl 50, Reference temperature = 71°F 28°C | recmes amie penn seo ei dr et pr pd ke |i | 7 ait ait alin Weight (©) bass ITBOANNS = 1 lS | | Pesrinion se Gale mo) GusNosi) Gane HN ‘oO apg 100 rs 19900 ae 6 oe ees 1 ee m0, 181326001270 20 S187 1370320 30. M1887 1410 239 a0 q 189 143019. 5H0 1907 aso 159 1oH.0, mom tam Ra 2010 = Bar tao 431 30440 me 1828 igo Bas sono = 9m 230 010 = BD Tas 1o0#:0 = 1930 098 200840 a 1932 oe | no" 1932 jsouenen ‘Rowe net te feoice ‘Standard eats of solution have been caleulted from the multe daa flows: Altes = FA For example, for NH, H,0] | Solutions Chapter 28 "on = -32,600~(-19,500) a -12,700 Bea wal NK, | Wight percents have been compute a follows: we snag = NEO i+ NE, 17090) A940; ZOO 85% The bea of soln values shown in Fig ae equivalent othe cooling duty egired.Solutions Chapter 28 (©) Tis part ofthe problem requis thas new basis be selected 100 ga of slo, ‘Nina da concern dense of NILOH are shown nthe able Below. Sample Caleslaton ar as olows pp slny62.4 Wn ).003),100) ei 110 gat) = me Ta gal Note: 1.03 he specie gai of water at 7, est 052.0% Ne = 28916290.009000), cooing eg) _ (oN ‘Bxu100 gal | {TOO ga cooing eg] for 100 gal} =15:9405,700)=197,000 Bea00 ga son S20NH, sola} Basis: 100 gal of olution t 10.5% NH U= maT = mC, AT = 72,00 B00 gal spersoln = 0955 | Thee dt ae prayed Fig & | | | | sconsSolutions Chapter 28 ARTO 7148 aaa 6, 10S94NH, soln =4261318)°C) 2 BWbY°F) 72,000 Goon.) 86 Tai 774 88 = 1659F Teste, 40% sate (Open system, steady sae An energy balance shows Q~= aH Enty values from Hx char for NaOH Cons. 0% oF) 3s 40% (00 3 HO vapoe2i2"F) 150 — —_| jratt te Jone feet Late, to%e actin 9908 tte tehanaee] Solutions Chapter 28 Incoo sont 10 NH 100M sornow 2500 no [TooWbsata in| DBM TOO Bsotae H,0 evap = 7500 1b Energy Balance: (= 7.500 (1180) +2500 (4) - 10.000 35) = 8515 « 105 Bs 851510" Be Use te enthalpy concentation diagram for H;S0. (ound in Appendix 1) the cathy da Bast: 100015 50% otion a 100°F Tee of ae BOK H,Say 0 % HySty ot 00% at 100% rom Append: (continues) |TSO, aN eetn tA sae) ra siiotce=-144 Bute 4 ——_(ornepaiveof the rato fasion 85 aL 2" thereterene forthe HS cht) Assume cased system with AU =a Lett bof 80% H:S04=4 Lett oF 20% HS, = y [etal ofte = | Masco Balances: | so: 08e-+02y+02~ 500 Ho Dax 08ye2 = 500 nes balance (Q +0 AB = Hae Hy ax +4 1142=85,000 ‘A summary abe can now be completed as fellows based on the solution of the thre equations using Ply, ‘Component SMHS) — 20% HSO, ee) Finan Wess H,s0. as 46 0 00 so Ho 19 ee) so Tau se ms 090 | Solutions Chapter 28 aie wiPF soa 20% 1.50, 100 123 © 20% 150, a 00°F m3 ‘The concentration les om ine joining th coordinates of 0% HS, AH = 180, end | 30% HaS04and 70°. Tae imrsectio ofthis ine with the bilng point ine = 23% Basi: 1000 10% NaOH a 100°F Conc. bao hizo tal Itt 5 100 00 1000 Adel 735% 073m 021m m Final 30% 1004073m 9004027 m 1000.4 Ioog2073m 0.39 10000 ne TE ND waa Reference Site: liquid wale a 32°F under its or vapor peste (aH =0 Buby Entalpy values fom NaOH on H-x chart = aH = ny ~ fon * Ha) = (cowsinue). Son, emai \3 10 ore = 3B 2 0 TF Solutions Chapter 28 2H. Bum ai by 1000 6 61,00 4650712600 ass ” 4200 (Ql = (54.200) -(6,000+ 172,600) =-179400 Bee | Fearne Materia Over Nii Ho: STROH Basis: | hour; Dat from NH; ~HiO chat Entalpy Balance an, =a, {0,000=1. + 000 Lig, #9 2000" Liye + V9 aH, By assuming values of . on 08s q 087 09993, 09987 09989 (oa aft 30 36h a3 (4, eau 612 ‘08 Sstwa Solutions Chapter 29 Dew point = 10 22 99 = Pats 199 = ZT HPS. gp Pree 3356 KPa Pao 127 ig abe «iT Ie oa HOT Assume = 760mm He Pv QI F=8758 mm He oe = H8758) eoxera 1, 0081) Soe 2M 6510 1207 ad tom army ,=0240 + 045 (0081) =0276 Belt dy a) CF) | Refer othe text for specific equations and defiitns 24 La: Solutions Chapter 29 lech and C= COs, MW of A= 46; MW of ALAIPC, pa? ~ 13426 mm Hg or 17.90 Pa ‘A= 0.10(100)= 10 kPa = O09 Tre ENRG) ‘@aya00- 10) G.~ 100 + 1.489 ~ 1.00 188 0.116)~ 122308) 48) 28310, 456x109) ~ am A0.1315)+45511050116~ ‘saturation a 40°C (4607.90) WaxI00=1795 9 = 90x10") 21315) +4.56x10" (0228) ~ ATER) ‘They ae almost parle to ach other.Solutions Chapter 29, | When the aii saturated, {+} [as | __ Draw borzont in nti internets with he stration curve, The | temperature athe stersetion the dew: point empertar. ‘The wo temperatures are eproximaely qual a simogpherc temperatures aad esr ns When he irs strated (100% elaive hum as ‘Condenses water fom te sir in humid clits. | —____} rsa0 2041 Because shorzntl ine othe paychomti char representa proces in which the moist content (he humidity) constant and th moisture content ofr reais constant during a hetng or cooling proces. Soltis Chapter 29 by “sie” n meant wet ac, H = 222 = 9.204 BHO 098 ibaa From the St bumidiy chart. Dewpoint = 252°C aR es | From Htumiity Char, where t= 30°C ($F and ty = 46°C (LIS) H= (049 kg HzO air. Upon cooing to 43°C (107) no condensation occur, therefore Hi conta 0099 4gH.0| 29Agair |i hgmot.0 _ seal 0 Wigmol a] 1845.0 teeta © Atsauaton: 0.079: 7 et hing Png "6388 | Ate dew oi, the vapor prs of pure waters ul 06.38 Pa. Dew | in Tesane een bed ypc thd pi at oan on | amuniiy cn ones poe ae eee eeeSoltis Chapter 29 From th I chart at the itersction of Tig = 30°C and RH = 65% ~ (Loire HOT ay a] : — — ‘The sate inthe problem is defined by Top = 82°F and Tys 70°. Theol pressure 14.696 psn. From he pyehrometni chat ou cage the necessary vale ‘Ath intersecton ofthe DB ine ad the WB ln eae = [TET wi dy a] Read: (RA=SY Tee vapor pres of we 82 is om te ta ble) From he humidity char, th demi i The etapy comes fom follwing the WE linet the ef (34.2) les the cattlpyeevauon of 0.1 Br dy a Hema “The spec volume atthe ini poot is [Ea #7 dy ai] Solutions Chapter 29 7 Basis Ide aie Data from the hui char. Toy” 10°F 004 Ty 0.06371 H:00 ya Hann 120 Bay i BH #15 Ba yi H= 1185 Brut dy sir Final tate Tye THSTF, Tyg 2, H'=0.0657 1 H011 dey ie Hs 2101 Be ry it alt= 101-1185 Basis: 1 Whey ir from he emit chat is [DOTA To Hb yi]Seluions Chapter 29, a8 From he hamid chat Huy 0.0105 kg/h yar | Wet bu temperate = 215°C | Humid volume = 0.88 mig dy ir Dew point = 14.76 Specific enthalpy = 63-015 = 62:5 eg dry air ras From the but hart eteve mama = 30% Specific etalpy = 165 - 065 = 75.85 kik dy sit 920 Frm the humic ry bub temperate 33.70 Wet bulb temperature & 270 Reluive humidity = 60% um vohioe = 0.897 mtg dy sie Enthalpy © 5.1 -034 84.76 g Solutions Chapter 29 ‘Basis: | 1 bone ry ir(BDA) 1008 a L© Soaver 1@ pal wre OK og 90% ese gy cory ne 8 wa O.snt/ig ton T ! Heoaptapym Pele 4513) | aan | Dat tom peychometic chart (RDA = bone dy ai). © @ 1, Dewpoint = BEC) G1 homidy = HERE ATEg aa ST) H _oo1s 1 Rebsivebumiiy = = 0818 ‘5033 100-) 4 ategrw woo w w 1,38) = 45-20 90-03) Re = sn2 1000? ening id BDA f-Misteetnns BDA | sraseug DA 921d 112364g 0A Ee Petete oe | | © Allbatic cooing by evaporation yield str humidity of 0.041 ke HO BDA (continsed)_Bananas Texit™ eee eet | Basa 1 Iodey aie Assume pr=160 mn Hg 20°F = $7.58 mm tg nee eaTENETRE From psychrometric chart, sad volume @ 120° From peyhrometi char dba cooing temp = wet bulb temp =| @ 120 (OP =F) = 0.0110 HOA aie Wau @ 82 = 0.9237 1 HOM sir gg @ 6OF = 0.01101 Bo HOM dy ir a @ 40 = 0.005181 HOM ay ie 201101 -o00sis = 200586 Solutions Chapter 29 [Dons86 ,0) 989 dye a habe From the SI psyehometic chart t 29°C and 40% elaine humidity ead Twa 195 Asauning the gud waters supplied at tempest not ch fret han the ext temperate ofthe ar stream the evaporative eoling proces fellows ine of ‘Soest wet bul temperate, which te lowes temperature that canbe obtained on ‘evaporative cole Tat 193° Excesdeynes inthe fee sncomforable Toredce the relative humidity so the wil not fel 0 dap. “The mii of th entering iat 25°F DB and 10°F WE is obained fom the uri char coavinad)_Solutions Chapter 29 umiiy = 0.081 ee ] Assume the exist to be sured at 125° ay =f es BE] oot O35 np Water in = (0.135) =835 for Wer out =2G9 By grid IBD aur — O99 pid ENO $9 To 30 removed = water in water out = 435-79 FSTETL OTR = Pett ony [yen BARU «3y BHO) gna pO] | aay nt -Enay in | Alas + Alay ge + AM nso +0205, ia 10-70% Solution Chapter 29 _ BSH 1.08N [00 —32)-F oro a28 Assume this problem 1. Steady operating conditions 2 Dryarand water vapor are el gases 3. AKE~ aPE=W=0 44 ‘Themixing i sabe (Q=0) at rom he unity hat Seam Hy 1103 keg dy air = 0272 ig HoOies dy sit ‘Steam2: y= S09 ekg ys 296, = 00130 eg HOt ry ait energy balances fo the liabtic mixing ofthe two steams Basis: 1g ry Tots Mas balance: 8 +6= 14 kg toa [RRR iope oa whey [5.6 «104+ 054 « 104+ 0.059 101032 « 104= [S74 0"BT] | Te specific humidity andthe ently of he miata con be determined frm mass and | (omeSelations Chaper 29 ‘Weta a alin 140.0272) + 60.0130) 14 (ian) (ia Teo a Bory tle (a= 0) 1103) 4509)= 14 Ga) 11-8481 dy i “Tse two properties fx the sate of the mixture. Other proper ofthe mitre are determined fromthe psychometric cha femora a asa from Humidity Chart 9° CETTE (cat CTBT] H,0 picked up 0031 - 001813 Solutions Chapter 29 Sea OM ar nergy Balance: ag ~ Pai n= AF erin Haat Basis: 1 Mey ir Ref temp = 85 Ae Boa (024 Ba] (90-85), 0.45 Bu 0.03 (90-85) (we) (over) ston Afhiesti0% —AlyOin~ AHO 08 ry = 136 8 10 sic or O93 aT AD) ‘6 %HO vaporized ~{00122) 0 vapor (EN) 100 2.20 Basis: 180 kph of product, Mail Balance 292g ey FL eg . Dry rode = SA OSE PRE 16g dy Ph Wer moved fm soit: (continue)Solutions Chapter 20 Solutions Chapter 29 i _ Ba HO Seay TOO (0.08 180) kr +2075 144=(95REFOTR] Basis BDA Water picked up in dryer (nostt kg Ho) _(0.0089 kg #0 Ho oe ee kEBDA___1934gH,0 | aoe So — - BSS ig BOAT] [ir "Domne kg 1,07, * 2S BE BOAT] nergy balance rs af corsa) sir 240, 296881 382 i ot (5°, 60% Ry 2197 1615 kg BDA Basis he aH ~ (161.6) 2885) =6387%108E Seliger 21°0) a 0.18 call. 184 310°] 4321) °C 7 satdowe afte fC, = | [ero a Oe cage sof in: ff =0 (base of efeence temperature) Base: 1 he AF = (1657) (180)= 2985 1 Ifthe dyer and rebenter ae inslatod, then forthe stem Q-WeaH and W=0 Orne 298 63872105 = ETT] a1 Inter Toa = 38°C, Tw 27, Hy 0017S kag dy air Airftom serabber: T= 24C, RH = 100%, RH = 00188 kk dy sir Heated w93C: Hs = 00188 From der: Tg 49°C, H4=0.0377 (4000 ig) (0.05) = 50.04 #20 w be evaporated $0040 0377 -0.0186)=2650 kg dry ace 2630 (0037)= 004g HaOihe 2560 mat 49°C and 1 atm (Coniusd) yeaaSolutions Chapter 29 (= (2580) (1.00) +100 (0200) 93 -24)= Lee 108 he Waters 98°C ha p= 79.4 bP ()|_ (094) yg yr ey asst ons (001887225) (100)=083% | RIair fom heuer H=0017S 1.2% 6 2650Kg dy siete H=0018 2 100% 2560 ae H=O01R 308% —e LEN IOP Kr ons 8. 4m Basis he APE aKE=W=0, Noresction acu, open stedy te proves, ‘Sea gas behavior nuance sii fi (amg dy sin sos {kg Hs0Kg dy ain) 0.00887 a eg dy oat Solutions Chapter 29 ‘Assume the roperies ofthe wet pniilin are he sme a thse of water. 2400.25 ig ae. Let P= ky ry pilin pe our, and F= kg dy i. tens 3nd a iw | oe “The ei condtions fr the irae no known, bu th and H are elated onthe humidity char hence oly ove is unkown. P (éy pencil is unknown). ‘The balances are water, ya, nd ry peniciin Supe and 9Solutions Chapter 29 Water bance: $114 (0009 0.00587) = water evaporated = 16.0 kg 5116(0.010 0.00587) = 2.1 kp | 5116(0.011S 000587) 288 be Energy taunce: 511457080.) / 242025) 5114 (605-505) /(242025 5114 640505) /(242025 ke ‘The soon is very sensitive othe values read fom the prychometic chat, Assume the Sal Ty = 2 22°C Water evaporated aH a1%C)= 1,40 kg ry aie = SLADE] Sten and7 Unions Py Buon water Stud? Woter balance on ar gves water evapraed (114) (0.10-0.00587)~21.1 kg HAO Energy balance: (605 ~ $05) S114) +211 242025)=0 40-000 | usec ‘080 050) 1.1 (280 _ 080). Avethooe A p34) Solutions Chapter 29 - |». 38 Stans .2.3.and ¢ ‘The paces wil be asumed to bea steady sate, ope, continuous one with SL ‘Sowing in (inthe terial balance thew is varity Al ofthe dt for sean ‘ows and compostons hve been paced on he figure. The hngs wil be he ysem, susnane PLsare » ome | J ion me eerie, me oe ‘= e317 pu =B1703)-08840 a Sian 62.8. au nes . [St Mem 4g 298 K(.8206(L Kaun) we (S22 )anye snore £0194 gro) conines)_|Solutions Chapter 28 CT 6a) | my =o, 822) ol nn 0104( $27) 001245 Fossa olance The energy balance raduces to Q~ Al The reference empratie wil be 25. Assume the nerease is Watt vapor comes from wae vaporized at °C [ook ans ‘ll Bot thesia water eter 225° w AH =O fr bah dhe np streams au ivefi072 +0000 rat =4424 io L32a10° 044.0006 TT + 001s 192410) an143,08)=495 (= at =499 + 662=565 sino EIDE {a "iowa Basis = 2000 ry waste (DW) Sottions Chapter 29 ae oa zeverntio i366 6 1000 HOemp — =22208 st 1 dy air | airin 80%, 2992 in. Hg anda wet bulb temperate = SF y= 0.0031 1b H: OM cy aie 22.62 -018» 72.88 Be dy air Air out, 120%, 2992 Hg anda wet bulb emperstire= 9°: | a= 0.02921 HOM dry air 1.7.04» 61.37 Bru dy sie Overt Soa = 00292 HON dey ir a ooo HOevepraiod = 00261 BH,O\R dry air (0.0030) sir sed pr ton dust iat inlet ir (comtinaes)Solutions Chapter 29 =2,930 Ib mol dy sir out ‘vou = 190|__jt220 | Tool (a5) 90292| {2220 = 13m HO ot (omieil fae) 3068 total mol out epee. [300,000] f° wet air exitington DW Ale Resulted =D sir add at ixng point before kiln ‘Waterbalance: (0.0031) (1) +(00292)()=(0.075)14¥) 0.092 w 0.0075 2001s 0.081 aozi7w 0084 004s eet 0.205% 02031100 2 Recirultion = 2203100 57) of gan out recreated 203 | ‘Adiabatic operation removes 425,00 Buu fm the proces Basie he | For the proces: Tuy =100°F| qeenerf eee “Temperature leaving the cooler 61°F (dew point constant 9 (cominSolutions Chapter 29 | susc2-2ppum BDA =48 425000 Ba BDA Are [sq SEDATESetutions Chapter 30 v | | de | | Tovatbes @ seams +Q) 2(e+ 1) +1 =2045 : || Contin i Indep. rater anes ‘ coer bance] eth | Near oa _| ua | 9 | L tv } | Toa varables@srems +0) 2(042)+ 1-205 Contin ‘ad material alse . cecny bance | ea Naat oa | Conventional specication of variables ar the entering tern +2) andthe tempertur (1) of the ext eam. In sme intancesQ (1) ay be specie ether thia the oulet enperatre, CN Solutions Chapter 30 | Ve Line | Met Ln Assume the fed ise sgl pase wea noe fae as on Te ober streams Tos verabes(Ssueams-+Q) 5(¢+2)+ 150411 re medtin Sep ne | Equilbsum eadons © | ‘Thame'n ech phase | | sary neac pe 1 ress Rea BR | fir 100% Fue Che Flue 1900°%F | ™ C0256, 4205 M450, | ‘The Smposns are & Ci CO, CO, 20, Na, Op. Hea; te wl of waa is for 3 seams + 36+9+1819 | Ween reduce hee varibies by Note the we number of | Lo phase nlecomponens=4__(cominued) |Energy balance (Concetaions of component specifi fue Tie gas Specification of % excess at (team flow) Specifetion of temperatures 3 4 1-45 ‘Taos prsure must be specified and one extensive variable: fd ro he 88. The lst variable would be teat of CO 10 C03 ach stage has 2c + 6 variables. Hence, her are N (2e +6 varinbles + forthe 14400,000 [Lieto =(15,000)(1.0)(230- 180) = 750.000 15,150,000 + 14,720 (F180) Ou 10 vapor Aap, = (13.200) 990) = 13070000 Condensate 5.000 230-180) = Cone. salt soln = 15150000 14.720 (F180) = 13,820,000 1-90" ‘The above analysis ignores the heat of soliton effets the NOC becomes more 5 22800 140% NaC producedSeluions Chapter 31 Solutions Chapter 31 BR Sou suse “comme, Gaon = Geshuse) + Get SLOGEDLIO——nonmes 2 WOH aL06= 4 = rove oF = examSolutions Chapter 31 a8 (Compute eat of reaction for CoH ol )-> Cll +4) Ar jeonmy: 244 +20 0 ol wo 2 Afi gg 12.0 (224.4) 264g ma bene Basis 100 kg =-Coe it: tere (1.00) (0.18) (92)= ba ots Hz €.00)(018)(4)@202)= 1a 060 rig (100) 085 $50 as 1000 Ener Balane on actor; Hed AB + AFR = Q AHIe mCittigvapor 1001.88) 425-98.) 61360 en (1000) (2364 (0.15) = 35.4603 (= 117,350 108,840 + 35,460 = 44,170 4/100 o-eptane fod Sato Chae [ah 58S (0) Bia S800 | petites —warmees-2 nae | i | AO mcrenpe OMEN CAS-—986) sa sisted 15021 686-25 i330 Tebmae per 1342304051108 asm Alig tC 13806 sao | Ton tid —138@200108-25 200 | HXa) 0.60 [29.2 (425 - 0) (28.70(25.0)_ 2.410 2.550 © Bemmuaioconsinr (25) a | ee ssa N-25) ae whee 1380220829 as seve 80.60 8-28 a6 itSotutions Chapter 31 ar BCs SS 10 = 19 parecer fohens 138 222)(T-25) ais(r-25) solvent 138(67)(-29) HeatotSoluion: —(-23 bik) (13.8) Mme Ble * A= 0 442.15 (7-25) 1514 +631 Mec necay BalnceonhesLexchagsr (ef 29.14°C) ‘Assume fesh solvents nelle quan) fohene 138822) 2914-29118) solvent 138(1.67 @9.4-29.14) solvent 138 (1.67)(120-29.14) 20990 toluene 138222)(- 29.10) 261 (1-29.14) solvent 138(1.67)(T-28.14) solvent 138(1.67)08-29.18) 200 2040 +261 (T-29.18) 20940 = 2040 +261 (7-29.14) Tete Salations Chapter 1 [CO Ens is on Ge 117, Le, we Ag Tran avy Assume the toluene vapor lave at 120°C. SoWvent —138(1.67 (100-111) toluene 138222) (100-111) solvent 1381.67) (120-111) toluene 13.8(2309(120-111) ap of toluene asaming al etrng the sil vaporizes: baae = AH = AH — Alin hap = 2360 -(-2872) + 502 pbkgmteptace a | Base temp. = 70% 2. Materia Balance: Benzene: (1.0.00) 250) = 50,00 1 Toluene: (100.00) (040) = 400001 Xylene: (100000) 90.10)= 10.Solutions Chapter 31 | Tower |: overhead = $0,0000.96 ~ $2,100 b Be-+ toluene Residue: $7900 1 ovehend = 47,900 10,100: | | Tower 2 due ~ 10000099 = 1000 oy +a 7.00 lene season of | ben xc (075-70) (045) (82,100) = 2,460,000 Buu above 70°F (957045) (32,100) 117,000 Bruin ext AH om tomer 1 teat lost= 2460000 117900 = 234,000 Bs temp. se = 2,348000(0 46) (100.00) = 30.6 be Tower Alem etaram:(1010/(049(185-70)* —4n010 | aortas «92aton0)= 00m | sstinon sss20000 si ofc: (220 ~70)(048) 47900) = 3.480.000 ‘Ai oftiquid (175 ~70) (7) (5,100) (045) 7240000 ‘Hof vaporization: (93.2) (1.8)(7) (82,10) 61,400,000, ‘Hof vapor: (0285) (178175)(7)(82,100)_417.000 Solutions Chapter 31 [teeta en AH supplied by eboler a tower 82,507,000 19,570,000 = 62937,000 Bau Joo Tower? Rett: (6 (37:80 (030) 230-70)~ os0.000 ein: ay 40.000 ts age soo | art 212000 632.0006 3820 6380 62075 pay Het Bact on Tower charge 430,00 c steam: 62,937,000 Bee tok: 2,460,000 revidoe: 3.450 tol (Ba: 67767000 = 67. 762.000 suo ‘An import question to consider before auemptingt salve the material and energy balances ina process the fenibiliyof the Dow shee. The mei varicbls ond data ‘mus contain encugh infomation to solve the mass and energy balsnoes writen forte components of th Now shes, andi particular mst not overspeciy or underspeiy the problems whole o for any componet by providing mre o fewer know sat varbles | than thee ae design equations. Ifthe flo ahet contin recycle seas, version of thenecessary dia on teeome quite invelved Essences ees eet Cael)Solutions Chapter 31 “Th easy of he Tow set es ol Giana solely by he piven da] and the eney aod material balances ofthe ysem, One must examine the ow shst to | ‘make sure that asoluon is technically fee, wil the Dow ees rice the Asie resus or has something been overiooked (ignoring the at that here are always problemas producing the deed rests whem scully bulding a process ad tying to ett) Spoting mistake sony pany on analytical proce iofen requires ‘emai with he uit that make yp the recess an heater that re being process Inthe problom presented one major mistake i rey identified by examination ofthe ow sheet. Hea exchanger number tei overpeiid The incoming cold Sucam A andthe exing hot steam B cannot both bea the sme temperate Another heat exchanger using water a coolant for B is access, ‘Amore ercal view of the proces mus examine what he water vapor nthe gut dos in the SO3 adsorption proces SO3 and water frm a sulfa ms hatte lest imposible to abvor and ishighly cori. 97% HySOy is wed as an absorbant | sid tower reciely because thas an extremely low pra pressure of wate vapor, Any ‘si mis fomed would culate hough the proces not be aborbed and corede ae | ‘yuipment, eventually eseaping withthe cleaned stack pase, x more harm polluan {hae S03 alone. Tae ne shuld be sure tht no water ean contact the SO, Solutions Chapter 31 ee Baring leaks, the oly source of water tothe proces isthe incoming sack gas which undoutedlyconains water vapor fom te combuton proces Bas: 00 kg cos! kg ml #2 62te10 (2H). potg ott 261g ol Ha equivlento | rete metni0 (228) arte soto eg ca To check whether of not water vapor willbe presenti the sack gs the weight fiction ofthe water vaprin the combustion gases canbe sumed ob equivalent o | tne went macton ot weer vapor msluried ara piven temperate, ssi the stock as approximates ari composition. The otal amount of sack gat per 100K of cali asi 100 kg coal 1 ‘Kem! ‘mot {xg mol s2tgi( 2%) 26kg molt (82%) -26ag ma ( (4 01 03) 9 19 gm 624g0 [SE-92 2) as | | - aH) | “291 ¥2) gg 4 eS 90a) ase 222 = TY SI) = 99 $8 =O Fe (©. Novator ps nomen masa eto eso sonidy ae ditaeand momma spt te , | = | tp / (0020 2+) minin 326 \ / | Let the moisre content be w “Pe ole _ aaa (continued)"566 Wah 7 : ac fey = sfx y= 5000 (15+) Organic Mater Balance: rms hp BV025) by = 3.15 a ao bi of mix £566 (0:15 -5) +799 tan" 445 tart 7.07) ata x = 60,0007 000 = 08, am |e. eme otscaprtr Ses ‘Tosa amount of organi in th tank at time tis (Is w ‘Thee th tof secumaation of organic willbe ty, I. & -oma+t « Rate Accumulation = Rate n- Rate ot -002@+ 0197) - BERT] 2) 1,000 [intern 20,000 gph) 75-090 941 |__25,000 gph 60,000 ts: | 7% ib organic oa oeeate ‘Seganie gar sotel (veal Balance: ‘Lexy = total ga of mixture in the ak at time (nhs) son san -8 00-0 15-0396 ‘Te tal wt of organic material in he ak afer 3 hrs is y= (15.000 + (50) (0396) = BETO (continues)Solations Chapter 32 ‘Rave Sao 18x toa of ogisic nthe tank at any ime then the concentration of oxumi iy ‘The balance become: 15.000 ga x ye S000 (5) - jpsmow | oes is 20,000 sp [| _35,000 ap Suspension Rate = K(20-x) Lb/ar | ‘vr Blane: Assuming the sug doesnot fet he vole ofthe mixture inthe tank, the overall balance wl be the same ae tha in Prob, 78. 5000 (5 pa. Organic Balance: {Let x= that organic in suspension per gal of ttl inthe tank atime tin hours Th of shade going into Supension atime. Rate of sage going int suspension: Seluions Chapter 32 = a) Gx-0 y= 7500081 008 w [9.000 gal 6o min rs ate gal mia Lg) w/t & ” Gain Xe te” KC) Be (0.0575, 000,60) Task = Coss 2.500 gall be tasted pe: SD Dae he Raine 92) asta} 50 S3-% im tne wasn 8 ‘e3-o8 "85!" 5 Solving. x= 4.345 bal ‘The total weight of organi inthe ak afer 3 hss (0.000) (4348) | -GE Aeruative Slaton:Solutions Chapter 32 Solutions Chapter 32 Tare Wot orgaaic wank wine cone, = th & = KGo-niy) ~ 1s000(e/s) & 37800 _ ans a * Soomns+) * 78 pin = (22828) setts asso = (282) aseoh + = R6sasen CASH) Mass bance! when t= 0, 6,000 and > 38,000(15)75 Ascumition = np Oupat when ¢= 33x 27,500 (18) - 338,000 (1511975 pst Owe Reeimmnnemana AGW) = 0 [yaya + Vado] EO whee V=n(}im? «Ay = Sem? Ay = aSem? Let xy the numberof moles ofC, andy respectively atte Ve c{lii,0=061,5=980092& —h=brghtof 0 lee! fom rice = igh of 0 level rom boom bata my H0s (1) Clan: Co I inti moles of © Assume pisconsant —_ThendV= mitt ~0.644TRO (10) [(25VFT=I + 25/03) rs 4 att (cominvedSotto Chapter 32 AD | faefeen eee | AT _2s/Hi03_ (asa) @si2)-1)- aa Jat | La Hotes? Hews Heyttos | a 2d ait ayy oar x 2x de 25 ggg (B>)-0: G8) fae | a nytt Let, x2 Bethe number oof Ain tank oa any met espetvly | |p sent Solutions Chapter 32 | fortes; x) =1093=741 (Cone. of A intank = COTE] |ABilaoe in tank I Ae oC) G) Since x)= 1-018 se 01m +0. =< sie oft +01) n= eOM were D =a Pliner Pl.=e00D+91<(8i9D-01 +0.) tet “Te gener slaion isSolutions Chapter 22 wen t=0, 43 = 10, and C= 10 were 93(1043)= 9688 Cone of Ain nk = GET 213 Assuming pw be constant, he material balance i a follows: Accumulation = inflow ~outiow 0, @ jvo_av So caw be aay IW 200 = 91a) oy cat of 8 «BR m4 | Letx-=sy ot fision prot inthe tank a any met when = 0.x = (10) (3.785) 0,000) = 3.785 108 mg | eae ofchange~Ratein-Rateout Rae decay Solutions Chapter 32 ons rs100)-104 5) 00 0,000 =3785 -00% f & we FS-00 L 07 ou — gE InO AS -002Nf pa! 2 £306,000 mg one. nthe ans the end of theft 24 r= 6 meies + ETETES) & S.-o0% Sunt = 000 50,600 924» 241,000 mp 241,000 Cone = 2.000 — = a mg To00y3.7055° Se The maximum cone in he ak i (OT)Solutions Chapter 32 =weette oP | Bass | day of peaion 1440 min Letz= 2°? nan perb HO atime 52 baance: tees Letx=kg S07 in tank per ig HzO amet at B.5X60) ‘Accurlation = lsu Deeny 2= SRW ig Theo) 5 ‘sos ong ;—— = in 10" ig #40) 18 2 fom which a6 Assure isabermal process sae et x10? bg HO by Se"| at min Lexx = (in he tka tee eno ‘V(r nd levi th tank Mater blance on Oz interme of) a, | atm 8 _@ 25y0° -1.5(2)-428 10%) Chee oe ee en oot heat x= LSS" ig FO] ey bale C3 . Ley = Yin kp HO ane Saati - bre - 9) 8 2910%)-149) 22min re a arr eteSolutions Chapter 32 Basis: | mol Chia MOHD Kee.) Cll =1-Cally at Colin 1 Cay 7, ¥ y 2 000 (te)? 500 (st)? ne ee {Let pis = prestue and number of moles of Np inthe lage aka any ie t a a1 =the coresponding vale nthe smal an Then, dyldt= K 01 — pa) Solutions Chapter 32 | tna py = 700, p= 0; dal = 02 kg mor 0.2K (100-0) 0K = 2857 104g moe nkPa) Intl no of moles ie 831 (Pay Wie mi) 831 Pay P= eke a ny al moles in ak 2 wil be (1530415) (8.62) = 2.87 ence meso, th teeSolutions Chapter 32 Solutions Chapter 32 pling i penal procedure oe negra of E(w nd ha te gang {actor ise. The consant of integration is found tobe -k Cao (ke) from the {intl condition Cpo = Oa ¢= 0, andthe final expression forte varation in concentration of Bit acti tc Init condor: att =0, C4 = Cao and C= Co=0 a a= uot ) © ky y= . o Pk uc ethan hen ® Ca=Cyo ot o eed Inter wor th concent Bs termine ya, Ning it fre cons | ‘olme stem tere io net hang nol ur otc, we ct mal | Sens tan tine be ; Cro*CasCusCe inSeew ty | tn i ith an « Ceot(te Be obo) ® Katte OM - hae Lasigcytcro oY o @ nn ‘ich ite tnd ne tei equation of he fam yd + Py. By toe smuhiplying through with he ntgrating factor e!™*, the solution it | pts yet = fe! dx + constant ae continuedEh «Cy shiCa-ByCa = HH)Ea HC sake He icy Inia condons: a0, C4 = Cyo and p= Co=0. “To ote Eg. (1) (3) ase mats operations Tesh) 1 oft S] | Pa feaCe] OT = [eyo] | Ton the eigenvalues of we set f= i623 +9)-ta 20 where: a =(ky +4 +s). Consequenty the stun tothe set of Es. (1) and (2) Selations Chapter 32 Sa ay Qa a] YI i ers toh, {x.Ca]+ bfeaolby 459%). Caoki Calla bs ®:) Caok} where: d= 4y Ay. Finally, Tora Het vanbet dion oa ‘Jo Fontan] 7 Co =e | +b) +) (+b +2) erie yt LA a en as)a re 1 ab 3g] FF [CuCwCe], XTO)=B, 0, 3) aft a 8 1 MES SF ait ase 0=-(50+a) + (50° | | 0= (50)° sofa —15042— 2? +(s0)” Solutions Chapter 32 roo: 4y=0 Pr 150875305300 when Wrt.cav 100 1; te 2, eV » 2100 p=, Cav = 19001, Solve the equions wo gett, =228 min, c= EEA, | 0, CAV = 3000 Ib, CcV = 3000, CV = 0 | tp=244 in ergy balance around the tank: wy; ania) © ‘ecg balance around the eat exchangers: Hae ong ge Aline o | We have assumed tha the residence tne of the ligid in the heat exchangers very smal and that inet and potenti very contcbuone ae negligible. rom Eqns | aad 2 we bain wy, By aeSolutions Chapter 32 ‘Sbsips Tan H refer te nk andthe ea xcanger rapa. Because the ghd is approxieatelyincorpresible, C3 C,. Then, Ur= UpAo (T-180". The nttion usd bee ithe same asthe one introduced in Problems 724. Hence, Ba 3 becoes Huan wc, Lu Art) UA amc, os Sst orde nar ferential equation. Is soluon i 1 ero Ls) r= ssotahs T= Oo From the ital conn, T= PF a= 0, he vl ofthe constant is this conti = “120°. From Eg 6th expression fois tee gf 20 TAN Forth da given, oom.) 20 = aban) iat) = ‘We shall make the ftowing assumptions: Star tepeatre emsin constant inci 1mC,aT 2 mC,aT. Furthermore, the rate of heat addon tthe guid Qs given by Q= | Solutions Chapter 32 Tet capacity of sspension does wo ange vary mach wil change ‘emperture Aiair mains uniform emperaie trough eatransfe coefficient is independent of posto and tine. ‘Tee wal ofthe tank are dibs. ‘The unsteady stat macroscopic energy balance Y ® Sov. atin 0 ease the inti and potential ener inthe accumation em nd he work tr W 25 ella the iis adpetal ner ere ay be neglected AU, = WC,(T=T, JewCy(0-T,). Futbemor he abe onthe ‘system Q is given by Q= UACT,-T), Hence Eq (1) becomes ve, EE), -1)-me (0-1) Mulipying through by Vin, (F, T,)- Ea. (2) becomes we, __ f=), __0A mG -t) & GC)Solutions Chapter 52 ‘) BE) Ay To oy) | Inotucng the dimeaioless variables o- Dh, 4 Oman $2-0-0)-0,0 Pay o which aod iene fen euation ofthe frm me, mara ‘he sotuton ri eqution yell = Qelax ¢ constant Applying this principle o Ea. (2), we Bind that he integrating Score" ‘The constant of interation fund to be-B1(1+B) fom the boundary condition a= 0, (© 0. The final expression for ©, the reduced emperatur the expesion forma function of Band is, (aie iene Gaara) 2 Lb Solutions Chapter 32 ‘Namal aon = TeIR, Tye IR, y= 220%; A=23.9 2 w= €000; a 10 Bra RENCE gony2s.9) | (amy. “ 1200 bie; C, = LO BRUOBICR), | From, (5) we Sind hat. = 0.77 OO BE fet mmaer ri doubled, n= 0.28, thus Parco] | ‘Then the greater th rea avaable for Beat anf the greater the mount of het | insted te spesion, and consequat, he ss te tne rqued fer heeft | temperature o reach given ae ‘We bal use the same nomenclature used in problem 7.23, The flowing asumgtions are made se 1. Seam temperature remains const in coil 2 Density and heat capacity of water do ot change very much with chinge in semper 2. Bacawe the Mid saponin nconpreible Ga, | oc main wir fivoughout. __ (contin) _|Solutions Chapter 32 a Heat ranafer coefcen is independent of postion and me ‘The wall ofthe nk arabic ‘We choose the fd within th tank sour system. Kinetic and poteatal energy may be nepeste in ti pion. Since the work eam is 20 and here 09 out, ‘team, m, =O. Hence, frit system the energy balance redies to ni, + 0 which states that he internal energy ofthe syste is nreasing because of he addon of| fh ih Hate ot ton es eh ee | Ia view othe at ht Usd cam be ire bok, we now et he inlet temper Tyas th tera tem plane. Tien Hy =O snd U = 9C,V¢T-T.) VQT-—T,). Furthermore, te rate o eat sditon the system Qs given by = UAC, 1), Hence Ba, | bsomes ech ver-1,)=iaCt,-1) ® Now the instantaneous aes an volume ate simply eluted othe ttl avalable aren an volar according wth relations vont oa where pV, m=, ithe tine requied to ilthe tank. Substation ofthese expressions in Eq 2 gives o | hich ote solved withthe intl onion hat a= 0, T= 7 Solutions Chapter 32 ‘The flowing reduced variable re inzedaced nw FAA. «reduced temperate t= «retin tn ret rewrite Sieg of he fein dines vorbis the catego mui shy [1 (,-T,)]oda (Bt) Bo(t-4)= eat o inwhich B= UA, /mC, i+ dimensiones group appearing inthe diferent equation. ‘The equation my be ter simpli by noting that f the st ter is pied by BB then the reduced tine vavale always appear in the combination Ba, which combination isdesigaed bya. Tos, ft Baludee « o-0 a= ay isthe naan statement of he problem, E10 is fst onder nea ferential equation. Is stations ay (continued)Solutions Chapter 32 Fall the temperature of the igi inte tank when it hasbeen led ven by, 12 when n= I (ora = B); interme ofthe orginal variables, tases @ Forthe data give in the problem, 0129 au, sorting (1) = 0.59, whence Te When he tank isa ful n= 12, a /2, Ths | s22 feat oses rom the op and the bottom ofthe tank ae melted he esting ray balance is wwe, atat-1) o e ‘Whee the sonst oltograton Ba bos detained Wo eal condivon Vi) ] Solutions Chapter 32 tof. 16a ry Su Cone doin | Gey" eayiaytaseT” 0513 be, Since | T,=230°F, T= 10°F, nd'Ty= 70°F the tine necessary to ise the temperate ofthe lank cones 70°F i pven by Ea 3. Ths, OR Ifthe eat losses fom the pan the bottom ofthe tank are taken int acount, the energy balance forthe yee iy evel ONG, -7)eUACte-1) o | sta Cavern eh pendant et, | Tweleta=UA + Usha tnd = UAT,* UshsTax Eg # Becomes We, gT_ Kk 6 | a da o sd when rated we obtain te lowing eatin: © Forth data given in hie prob, 1) 8» (40(25n)+ (10X25n/2)= 3540 Bru / (be) = (40X25%)230) + (10,25 /2470)= 7.50% 10" Bus, (ioe, __eeEB)SOLUTIONS To THOUGHT PROBLEMS Section Lt ‘This isa fury problem because many volume unis called are exis Beh dry = 36 ge) Caney = 5426! Ot pa US ary = 105 quarts US liguid = 315 gal Section 13 Gravity is ot force, tian acceleration. Weight ia fore fn Sta person has mats akg but weigh in Newton's even hough common usage ay eg or weight Us of sch conversion fctorinplies hat relation exit between gand"C, which oor wt exis It sok to write: 00g wate OD ca wate, because elation between Arter and ex? water doc exist. [Notre beni is ot nit offre: Kis commonly aed neve Section to No, You only determine that the equation as cnsisien ters. ‘The ite are wrong. Section 15 (a) Yes ( Notifmeasured with an er of Ui ec, bu ok 16 878s eae No because isan exact number. Te anewers good othe sgniont figures. "You know tat 100 canbe measured easily 03 o 4 significant gues, re the qution refer to ass, the answer's yes. Ibe answer refers to any other mesure, suc as moe, the answer im, The question is: ae he oles enties? The answer is ye. Section 22 ‘Wouldnt snk beast the over density ofthe ship including the ois ess than hat ose wate. “The density of ot waters ethan tht of cold water hence the container might ot old ‘gallon of ot mae whereas woud Bold sgl of cold water or mail ‘The density of uoline Ot and that of pentane 0.49. On moe than on occasion tanks have overflowed because th contents wee replaced by aqui flower speci {znviy, The operas di ot sli ta the eve ideale measured weight, not Section 23 ‘Most nga bromide roids ca be dissolved ina suitable organic solvent and ‘olution wid the proper specific revi to drimiate between te jas and aie, “erpentne, ad ther iat of jade Fr exams, mehylne iodide (6. g." 57) 8 liga at oom temperate and can be blended wath eanolo give a harness iui of ‘he dese pei rv. Chapter 3 Follow the rgustions ofthe US, Deartent of Agriculture which as proposed tie ‘ernie that frou amperproot compusriod contol, assures tha elevator ‘operator adhere Agrcultue Department sanders. Aleatively, rin could be ced ait dry weight o an nds wide basis (which wot ure one),Chapter 4 | ‘The temperature probably i jus cooverson fn 2700, hence the answers 2. ramin Figue 42 for suggestions. ‘The thermocouple well wa et only one inch nt 48 inch pipeline. When it ined, he extsir of the pipeline, andthe hemocoupe, would coo, rain furnace o heat he ‘esa going into the pple, excesvely a tured ou Sections soe presueat the conta pot larger han experienced oma sofa Wen the water rushes trough the tube ts nein i sii to cary it above bend B ‘What count is presse, not force. Ona Moo the contac ara wih your body is small, | and sart the siphon working. | Section 52 “The xual rit thet he covering pape eam blge ou bt so tha thes prem inside he gas i lowered. ‘The pressure difference ep the worn place. fhe wie in the pes is compressed bythe si A lae plate on op of the completely fle pass is acted upon bythe extra ai pressured an equally large force om the compressed ‘wate on the other side. Thus, there iso preaie diferencia aspor the weghtath | ‘sen the he. | ‘The tank ike most such tank, was designed fora vacuum of ines water gauge nly (0.1 stor 06 KPa), and would collapse ata vacuum of abut shes wae sue (0.2psiorSkP the tak bad been filed insted of emptied it might have burt because twas designed ‘w withtand a pressre of ony 8 inches wate guage (0.3 pir Ps) and would Bust shou tre times this pressure. Whether burt or nt would have depended onthe depth of water above the end of he hse. ‘The answer surprisingly is yee! Such rsrures exit all around ws the pressure ofp in ‘MP, Pressure slow a -20 MPa hve been obaned tree often gets fw ‘water inthe laborstoy Wea dcusing pressure in sss, we often define the pressure as “he sm of impulses {rtf othe wall contsine per unt ie nd ees By his ein, res | lower tan 3 vacum could not be reduce. For rsere i be lower han 9 yoru, ‘our molecu interpretation woul! bave inl atratve feces beween the | ‘molec ofthe fd andthe walla the conser. Sec forces ate pial of tigids | ut ot of gse. Aactve and repulsive forces between molecules correspon wel othe macroscopic ones of esion and compression. If we consider material with arma sree ower than the pesae of vacium to be under enon and compression, we consider ‘material with normal sees lower than he presse of «vc 0 be under easion ‘nd aerial wih poral stese higher than te pes of avec Tobe une ‘somes, then one way fo dinguish quis rom ass Us gid ae de at ‘an susan compression or tension ad te are ids that cn susan oly compression Auk! descipan of exmote presse i presented by Hanne and Soholnder HT. Hammel and PF Scholar, Osmors and Tele Solvent (Spine Veriag, Beda, 1967), py. 173) uring the il the force on he wae exerted by gravity drops to eo. Sesion 1 Energy, linear momentum, angular momentum, lect change ae sore, No. The otal ofthe withdrawal are vai outputs but he oa ofthe amount Le are meaningless Section 63 By the conservation of mass inthe closed ye, the answer i Ape connected to system athe desired level (to retin ome Hui) connected 1 ‘ice operating in paral! wih the conor willow lid ops ithe controler rseso sepante, Section 4 | ‘The frozen orang juice was not completely removed from the tak tuck on discharge, | this esd was dumped ino the lke on cleaning the tank on returet Flori,“The mats blanes are (1) 010110) +0316) 0.17516) checks, and does not contain knowns @) 09K(10)=0506) = Wi(16) isurcoupet ©) ote) +0246) = wi) isuncoupled ® 4 onrsete ‘Only wo unknowns exist yu introduce equasion (2) iat (1)~(3). The rank of the ‘epee max of 2), (3), and 4) is 2, hence the prcblem has a nique olution Chapter ‘You can detect counter god or sive by weighing snd measuring acon or bar agaist the suing mia’ speccabons. Moder counteretes may have mastered the ppearance ofthe fakes but the principle of desiy—the aio of mass volume —tas ‘vehanged Gta reser dent than he common metas Such as ed, es, Copper and tel. This meas ta tis ossble 1 ake consmon metal Tae ents! | {oir geaune coin i both weight and sie om these eal Refereness gold Sitar Perry 930 1049 83 Naa 796 490 sooperlead iron nck! cre Wass 1050896 1135 787 890 sae ofmaicias 1930 1049893, 1136 787 890 (Astelid) Hiemetiow eo 1134 770 890 7.40 Sivercan be nia, buf made of edi alloy it would be too sof. Use 9.1% Fb, 209% Sa. Wie ach the shdge it ide! othe ah nthe residual ash then onthe basis of 100 ky ofahdge 798, Voigt Mog gg ele “This umber can be compare wih 169g inthe sage so that 169 ~ 42 ~27 mg, (165% oe op the ac te aesimptions made hold Silay for Po, compare 307mg wit 12 gi tbe sade, and for 2 compare 1496 tg with|SS4 mg. Noa ofthe Reavy metal end up inte residual ach Section 9.1 The eid! tral on the mal surface reacted with oxygen and edced the oxyeen Content ofthe esi i. ‘One gallon of crude i at room temperate about 50003 6 to 30g moto i hat rogues fo complete combustion 310 15g mol Or. The seawater wih 10 pon O: ‘onan in el" pl about 35g mol O; which ares roughly wih the statment inthe rile. Calelaon shows the statement be wrong. Ifthe average car gts 25 miles pe allo, 26,000 miles coresponds tan outpl of about 1! tons of earbon dioxide. Thus been ‘tiated hat young ape tee produces about 44 bof sugar per growing sso, ‘ich equivalent a tke of about 6b of carbon done. Ths even 10 youn, ‘sppetres woud not emove the crbon donde produced analy by an average ca ‘ti he trees hd rown to more than ice thie wen planted Section 92 ‘A gx was inthe bck cylinder and rected with the materi isthe facepiece Section 103 ‘service engineer om te manuf was called to test the combustion conto and found th the Dus ga consined no exces oxygen and aprenimaely #4 combustible ‘us The ratio of eomburtion srt fel was created wot tee at coined 20 [erent combustible gat andthe he sam flow iperessed othe fll 120,000 pe how apc. In detemining the cause ofthe combustion contol malfunction, it was ound that motte rom he product of combustion had condensed the piping othe ‘comburton se low contoller causing eroneous aston To eliminate this problem, an ‘nygen and combustible reorder was installed aa eglar maistnanceconact was | |setup with the combustion contol manufacture, The nal ot ofthe new ont quent wes $95,000 vs. loss o 584900 ful nthe two months Foi fils contnin more cabo than hydrogen. This expecially fo col (over 95% of ou fon fol ap) | Wie prefer gscous and liquid aber tan sold fk, So, thre hasbeen much ffi | develop proceses that conver col, or waste aero sco and lid forms ‘supplements to natal gas nd peoleum. In ll hese processes, themain tecinical | ortidration has been to lowe the earbono-hykogen ation, by adding hyrogen Supertcily it might sem that thi fcreae in the ative amount of hydrogen inthe fol would essen COpemisons. But thats othe cs, beeuse he produstion of hydrogen ise neil consumes me enersy (Serve from cbon-cotaning ful) than sabscquenty renin when the hydrogen inthe synthesized felis Burned. 1a shor, there i ne dain of carbon oxide tothe stmoxphee ‘Gass fom cal, celose, and ocer wate tera via most ofthe known process ‘ontbue 10200 percent mor carbon oid than would pare cabon forthe sane teat avalbiliy. The story analogous with repec etna sn ateratve suomotve fie. Inthe absence of fee ehuel any proceso anata tht schol ‘woul give off at east twice as much CO; as would the use of gasoline instead of hac ith vile. Iie re tht ung thao nates gen flee aon ‘monoxide, but this is perhaps overshadowed bythe danger pone by COs Another point shouldbe mse. Analysis shows tht ll ofthe synthetase inna less eicent (based on aul beating vale ve ta theortcaly obtainable fom the fc’ consents in elemental form) he the fel forme they occur in Chapter 11 (1) Select system with the mallet umber of wknowns, (2) Selecta system fr which {he dase mat ez (3) sels syste atthe beginning fe sequence (or the | a). I Section 12.2 “To protect the pump minim ow ln (ine with am orice) nonmaly rested leading om he paps main charge ln Back the sucon tank. Section 2.4 ‘The ss of fe oxygen it more or les compensated for by reaction products such as CO snd COs (and alo H50 whch, however, condenses). The important observation that ‘he wate level inside he lass doesnot se gdualy. As the ga inside the gs is ested y the candle tbe ga presure crests and leaks oa. (Some ht i so ‘aught in the gas ais lowered owards he candle) When the candle goes vt the tas cools offal its prevsre dreams, otha wate i frced it the ls, {In ft, this stement is wrong, ad is wrong regarlss of how one interprets the word “emp Iempty means evacuated or cousiingBelm at one stnoepre pes, then tisobvously untrue. One te ote band, fempy means coming aa one smesphere theo is sill nue altiough only alighly. The ean has vole of sboxt ‘cubic inches and when flr dw contain 0.21 cx fet of heise the sir inside ‘would sil weigh abit es tha he compressed heli “Two poihiis for hs ever ogee! hamesien, One he ath of the tement segeted we cary out the computation, an us gti (wrong) tat the composed iar would hve amuses than th sae can fll of ira atmosphere presure | ‘Azote explanation pons that the autor misunderstood te mature of Beyancy, | tnd fli the wap oF iki tht since “bis ses” wil exert an upward (Gooyant) fre fam inside he can an che to fet ighter than f the can contined Either p Vn orT would have to be rescaled, andthe resale varibls would not be ‘compatible with the underlying definiton of te varables as usd in ober elelics, For example, T ould berealed as T= 83147 ifthe wu R= 8316 /(g mo) (K) was revised ta value of Regal (gol) (K) No. The change in bouyance caused bythe decreas it volume ha to be ken ilo count. The sal values displaces let stand his vue i egivlent othe volume ‘No weight ls should be observe, of escapedChapter 14 Rust ad jrmed te valve so htt ould ot be lly closed. Cl athigh peste leaked tough the valve when the regalar was removed. Appsrealy the regular was 00m day 2 (On a humid dy the isles dense. The “bea” o mogay” fering of he i occurs Section 19.2 The tanks wee not blanketed with itogen an here was anexpaive mine of napa vapor andar above the quid the nk. The sare of ition was atc elect. The pumping rte was rate igh otha the api flowing hough the ‘pp and lines acquired charge. A apr pase between the liquid te tank ond the ‘oof or wal of he wal, igang be vapors mitre, ‘Tere are several ways to preventing similar explosions |. Use aivogen Manketing Hoang oof tanks | 2 Useantrsai sliver: they erase the conductivity ofthe Hud so tat | hares can dan sway rapidly to cath provided equipment is grounded). | However, make sre hatte aves dont deposit on east o interes wih | chemical operations in other ways 3. Minimize the formation of sai lect by Keping pumping rates low (ss than 3s for pur liquids but estan I ub wae preset) and avoiding ‘plas iting Piers ana emer ston noua be folowed by ao eng of ‘taigh neo llow charges decay. ‘This ry ee jet contin solid and ptcous components, Two categorie of leaning xs one fr removing solid parle and one fr hydrocarbons. fn the ome, parles tre dislodged and removed by a combination ofthe gs serdyaamic ra fees tnd tolisions bette he aid CO: mow andthe sree price, Colson between te ‘sow and surface parce sr believed to be responsible fo the snow removing prices (fal sizes, miro and submicron Inthe cat of hydrocarbons adhered tthe surface, lig earbon donde form by the sue incre wien he mow impacts the ure. Portia, he tilt poi of | (Coys onl at four atmospheres pressure nd hydrocarbon are kno o Be olble it the igi | (a) The vapor pressure ofa gasoline 14.7 pia 130°, | (©) The vapor pressure ofa prticular me of wae sn fer t 760 mana 999°C.{tthe vapor of the id beng lade ie al ofthe sr ot ofthe ante only spor [eft the vapor of he gud nd it vapor pressure may be et than he amopher pressure outside the tank. Const Gust regulations eq tht pressure sensor be frst ner the hone connection athe dick, and syste (acu beakers) be ‘nsalledo inject neting ordain. or enriched, as no the vapor space Chapter 20 {proved separation. More economic separation (ess energy used); est operating andor capt ost forthe process safety plication of beat (Cage in prestare Replace witha diferent id or gas Section 21.1 “Theda go 151, gai) Aenean wed pe TRE Bil 10-6 ‘would be ted for ehnol production ‘About 3 10° bb oilyrare wed 10963108 BI, 3 1043.26 = 9» 10! tons coe 165» 10F ons of cool ae mined each yet the feton 1%, ‘A. 10 Ndameter windmil in 20 ph wind wil generat abot % (0.3 KW) and cost ‘shout $600 including a 301 tower The cos ofthe interest at 10% andthe repayment ‘ofthe $600, sd maintenance abot $5000 per Year over S year. You have ‘etemin the hor of operon sad us ofthe elastic. purping water hat canbe sored vs. opertion of ligt Moat Hkly your father will ave a conact othe uty. Section 21.24 Yes, ut not for eve (Sce Nature, Vol. 364,18 July, 1983, p19). “The power anand by the dive sha of the car can be mensred when ore i pple andthe sf rostions per nit time counted: W =2enT where W isthe [owe isthe number of tatonsmin, and Tis the torque (F) (0). a ineay to read foatthe car instument, but T requires special insiraneet Section 21.22 ‘The elng othe “degree feat or cold when our Bodies touch some objets 1000 pn the fed, but incomplete cmbustion prods indicate decompositions not comple, and ome othe mtemmediate procs | combustion ate ako. hazardous. The handing of he esdrequres cree aac | ‘stomiation and overeeding leads 6 CO, unburned hydrcaton, and cal detect tacardous species“ good ference is Science, vl. 206,p. 781-795 (1979); tere are inumerable ters, Gasol about at he break even pom. Whatever atunption ee ‘made about the use ferop residues, subst of coal fr cin the procesing, ee. fet the consisons. ‘The dent acts as an energy absorber” so ht fora xed amount of heat rant the temperate ofthe exit products willbe lower. Thnk of Ns thes ‘None, The standard het of action i defined for one moe a 25°C that eats compet Gas urine exhaust ase piety contin 14 016% oxygen, ence thee 0 need for addtional oxygen fue such gs. However, ifthe amount of fel gn i coal 8 vey large relive othe turbine exist, then addon oxygen maybe Reed Section 262 Meticiranyis deeds nth ee Qn sl et | conn amount of fl (or rap cnt el wale et), cha ‘cro boutsre tadd sesad eer ioe ne on cdo Wheter te anosn of rans ne acer, ator ar een it ite gous proe compos il cineca opuomg Cavs Cin fs The ovr a capes we} shy ite the wate apr ont ey tpl of COs prot. To olde bie wae ape ema fst oda cot be cole ash fr cl contin otc ‘Acetone has a much higher vapor pres than gasoline tht aig secon {soln o pure acetone, would cause internal combustion engine fofalfuntion, Alo, ‘eas tubing ee would be damped ficiency drops more for vas ofthe there ails th 1, geste than | tnd CO is produced the Yormer mode. Ar presse as ite effec. Prestige a, it poaribe aa cheap cov, helps some, Preeating the fed water alo blp abit, A bigh fie as temperate esl a much more sbania les nefiency A fc tha has higher H to Cato reduces efciency for high Ht Cratos. Fouled beat waster saracs reduce efficiency obit | ‘The heat mans dierent bcmuse fora closed sytem Q = AU AH—plAV),and for | open system Q= (Oxygen, becuse the No in he poset of combustion with airuses up some fite | available ener pool. Combustion o sin ir gives heretical fame tempertere of 460°F bu tbe acu temperate allowing for equilibrium is more ike 3800°F, Pretating te fuel andar ‘which might ocour would ase bth of hve values Section 2741 “Te maguzine si that when water was poured it the fe it would ow for wp to 12 tours. When the autor was asked abut be appara he ate ht the bet be ould ‘do was have iri fora minute, The aria the opercl vals wat compressed when ater as poured in the fue; spain and feton cased the flows op. | Section 272 20 pis much ese than 66 KW, init even at 100% ficiency Comparisons ar heavily dependent onthe assumptions on makes eating the peformance and capeciy othe lc verss te intral combustion engine ICE) ‘hice. Since no current elcrcaly powered vehicle matches the eutng speed, tccclertin, and ange characteristics of eompeitivegaoine powered ea tha pe oF ‘omparsonisalways clouded by whatever i msumed athe mum seepabe Perfomance fer the elec. Ihe elects car mast have the powevlenceycepblity 10 ‘rive eptively 54 miles between batery charges, a conser heave ceric‘bic han 2800 needed (mare like 400 1b is nade). A S0-ph rad fad power | Tegurement is ota valid bai on which oz a owe plato pope highway | | vehicles, Efficiencies ar diferent fom the tbl, Reasonable values re 36% thermal efficiency forthe power generation facity, 91% lecreal anomission efficiency. 0M reiery | ray peal shared to aii manucurng, and 46% battery eficency asuing ‘weight ecerge The later figures considerably lower than the 70% figure inthe ‘suburban comming condos comes oto about #300 Baul vers 6000 Bini frhe Pistols pscline powered cat. section 273 ‘The alleviates bonus ashe i aces the expansion section ofthe fans it shows owt fil the larger cov seto, en since the ar faster above the al faa blow Figures band (ich not scale. With bes he easton oui called Posule'sequation. With hoes, he eqn iclled Torcell's equation. With Poiseile's equation, the velociy proportional ote pressure head. Toriceli's ‘ution sates that he velo is peopetnal othe sare roo he presse hen, ‘nd indicates the maximum range fr the gui comes rom aol of the way up he ‘liner whereasPoisclle's equation designaies a ube 13 of the way up the eying. Section 281 ‘The eat of mixing ofthe compounds was exothermic and caused excess vapor to form nd over pressure the storage ua, Evolution of heat of mining vporized wae, and rove sme ofthe soliton ot of the tank | | tbe, (On his basis the energy consumption fora curently feasible cect ear sed under 1 Section 28.2 | ‘The accident ian empleo the hes of mixing. The tank sntined water condense, | “The concentrated NOH ad the weaker NOH solatons mined on breaking ofthe est releasing ery Section 291 ‘Advertisers and even sme eating engines appear to overlook latent het of ‘apeation The evaporation of 10 gllons of wate day (modes forthe Inmicaton of most haus egies more thas 60,000 Bs equialet tothe consumption of about 0 cubic Te of rata gas pe ay. Tiss approximately 10 Decent of th oar ps needed to hest a modet home onan avenge wie dy. It | takes no difference if amiiiton = | complished merely by placing pans of water on radios. sles condensation of ‘rte apr elesrs energy 1 the house, doen't appear as if You could save eer) ‘realy ting don te tharoatat Section 293 Evaporative cooling i an exelen: ecnology for low-cost oolng and works Best a dese areas Ina swamp the amity eo high tht ile mae evaporates and ‘don, the mio the ex ai 20 high tat condon are uacomartable or people. (Slt bi up in the eralating water (sealing onthe sats) caro of sty ‘apo ont surouding surfaces bythe wing (it) Chapter 30 ‘No. The sohtion method wil have to be difireat han fo continuous varibls ‘arabes sociated with anyother popes such as charge hangs have to be balanced) elecical and magnet popes,1 The etn tie inca ae: et pind cme Heiner where: | ‘Ay orifice area, ft? Ca ™061 for sharp-edged orifice \ fe =R2Ke 0380 for shor, fash-mouned whe | F =m w empty s = 0.98 fer rounded orice Assume te orice coeficient is constunt. Pick an orifice ae, D tanks ae compatble (lc hand D be the sare). Then ealculae. Land Cys tat | 2. Referto Problem No.1! (21) af he cite publication fr the dete infration for frtracoe andthe soon,‘This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. 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