CAPITULO 5

INTEGRACION Y DIFERENCIACION
1.- resolver las siguientes integrales utilizando el nmero de segmentos que ayuda a obtener la
mejor solucin mediante mtodos numricos.

(x
2

a)

x dx

Resolucin de la integral por la regla de trapecio de segmentos multiples

f ( x )dx
b

I=

n 1
h

f
(
x
)
+
2
f ( x1 ) + f ( x n )
I=

0
2
i =1

h=
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f

b a 2 1
=
= 0.1
10
10

(1) = 0
(1.1) = 0.1612
(1.2 ) = 0.3446
(1.3) = 0.5498
(1.4 ) = 0.7768
(1.5) =1.0253
(1.6 ) =1.2951
(1.7 ) =1.5862
(1.8) =1.8984
(1.9 ) = 2.2316
( 2 ) = 2.5858

0.1
[ 0 + 2( 0.1612 + 0.3446 + 0.5498 + 0.7768 + 1.0253 + 1.2951 + 1.5862 + 1.8984 + 2.2316) + 2.5858]
2
I = 1.1162
I =

b)

( s 1)(

h=

s + 2 ds

b a 4 1
=
= 0.3
10
10

(1) = 0
(1.3) = 0.9421
(1.6 ) =1.9559
(1.9 ) = 3.0406
f ( 2.2 ) = 4.1799
f ( 2.5) = 5.3717
f ( 2.8) = 6.1120
f ( 3.1) = 7.8974
f ( 3.4 ) = 9.2254
f ( 3.7 ) =10.5936
f ( 4 ) =12
f
f
f
f

I=

n 1
n 2

f ( x 0 ) +4 f ( x i ) +2 f ( x j ) + f ( x n )
i =1, 3, 5
j =2 , 4 , 6

(b-a)

3n

0 + 4( 0.9421 + 3.0406 + 5.3717 + 7.8974 + 10.5936 ) + 2(1.9589 + 4.1799 + 6.1120 + 9.2254 ) + 12

I = ( 4 1)
3 * 10

I = 16.7334

c)

h=

x 4 + x 2 dx

b a 1 + 4
=
= 0.3
10
10

( 4) =15.8745
( 3.7 ) =13.5541
( 3.4) =11.4119
( 3.1) = 9.4473
f ( 2.8) = 7.6593
f ( 2.5) = 6.0466
f ( 2.2 ) = 4.6071
f ( 1.9 ) = 3.3364
f ( 1.6 ) = 2.2256
f ( 1.3) =1.2474
f ( 1) =1.4142
f
f
f
f

I=

n 1

f ( x 0 ) + 2 f ( x i ) + f ( x n )
i =1

(b-a)
2n

15.8745 + 2( 59.5362 ) + 1.4142

I = ( 1 + 4)

2 * 10

I = 20.45

d)

dx

h=

1 + 2x

b a 4 0
=
= 0.4
10
10

( 0 ) =1
( 0.4 ) = 0.7454
( 0.8) = 0.6202
(1.2) = 0.5423
(1.6) = 0.4880
f ( 2 ) = 0.4472
f ( 2.4 ) = 0.4152
f ( 2.8) = 0.3892
f (3.2 ) = 0.3676
f (3.6 ) = 0.3492
f ( 4 ) = 0.3333
f
f
f
f
f

I=

n 1
n 2

f ( x 0 ) +4 f ( x i ) +2 f ( x j ) + f ( x n )
i =1, 3, 5
j =2 , 4 , 6

(b-a)

3n

1 + 4( 0 ) + 2( 0.7454 + 0.6202 + 0.4880 + 0.4472 + 0.4152 + 0.3832 + 0.3676 + 0.3492 ) + 0.3333

I = ( 4 0)

3 * 10

I = 1.3416

e)

h=

xe

3 x

dx

b a 30
=
=1
3
3

f (0) = 0

f (1) = 4.9787 * 10 2

f ( 2 ) = 4.9575 * 10 3
f ( 3) = 3.7022 * 10 4

I = ( b a) *

f ( x 0 ) + 3 f ( x1 ) + 3 f ( x 2 ) + f ( x 3 )
8

I = ( 3 0) *

0 + 3( 4.9787 * 10 2 ) + 3( 4.9587 * 10 3 ) + 3.7022 * 10 4

8

I = 0.1119

f)

e
0

sen( 2 x )dx

b a 3 0
=
= 0.3
10
10

h=

f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f

3x

(0) =0
( 0.3) =1.3888
( 0.6 ) =5.6385
( 0.9 ) =14.4905
(1.2) = 24.7208
(1.5) =12.7032
(1.8) = 97.9768
( 2.1) = 474.6357
( 2.4 ) = 1334.2935
( 2.7 ) = 2545.8479
(3) = 2264.1272

I=

n 1
n 2

f ( x 0 ) +4 f ( x i ) +2 f ( x j ) + f ( x n )
i =1, 3, 5
j =2 , 4 , 6

(b-a)

3n

0 + 4(1.3888 + 14.4908 + 12.7032 474.6357 2545.84.79 ) + 2( 5.6385 + 24.7208 97.9768

I = ( 3 0)
3 * 10

I = 1703.5552

g)

h=

[2 x cos( 2 x ) ( x 2) ]dx
2

b a 50
=
= 1.6666
3
3

f ( 0 ) = 4

f (1.6666 ) = 3.2166

f ( 3.3334 ) = 4.8438
f ( 5) = 0.8481

I = ( b a) *

f ( x 0 ) + 3 f ( x1 ) + 3 f ( x 2 ) + f ( x 3 )
8

I = ( 5 0) *

4 + 3( 3.2166 ) + 3( 4.8438) + 0.8481

8

I = 13.1433

h)

h=

x 2 cos xdx

b a 0
=
= 1.0472
3
3

f (0) = 0

f (1.0472 ) =1.0964

f ( 2.0944 ) = 4.3836
f (3.1416 ) = 9.8548

I = ( b a) *

f ( x 0 ) + 3 f ( x1 ) + 3 f ( x 2 ) + f ( x3 )
8

I = ( 3.1416 0 ) *

0 + 3(1.0964 ) + 3( 4.3836 ) + 9.8548

8

I = 10.3259

2.- Resolver las siguientes integrales multiples utilizando el nmero de segmentos que
ayuden a obtener la mejor solucion mediante metodos numericos.
2

a)

ydydx
0

h=

b a
=
n

x 0
x
=
4
4

f ( x;0 ) = 0

x
x

f
x; 4 = 4

x
x

f
x; 2 = 2

3 x
f
x; 4

3 x
=

f x;

x =

x 3 x
x
+ 2
+ x
+
0 + 4

4
2

I=

x
48

I=

x
4 x+ x+ x
48

I =

x
x
6 x =
48
8

( x ) = 8x

8 dx
0

h=

b a 20 1
=
=
n
4
2

f ( 0) = 0
f ( 0.5) = 0.0625
f (1) = 0.125
f (1.5) = 0.1875
f ( 2 ) = 0.25

I =

0.5
[ 0 + 4( 0.0625 + 0.1875) + 2( 0.125) + 0.25]
12

0.5
[ 4 + 0.25 + 0.25]
12
I = 0.1875
I =

2 4

b)

( x

3 y 3 + xy 4 dydx

2 0

h=

b a 4 0
=
=1
n
4

f ( x;0 ) = x 2
f ( x;1) = x 2 3 + x
f ( x;2 ) = x 2 24 +16 x
f ( x;3) = x 2 81 + 81x
f ( x;4 ) = x 2 192 + 256 x

I=

1 2
(
x + 4( x 2 3 + x + x 2 81 + 81x ) + 2( x 2 24 + 16 x ) + x 2 192 + 256 x )
12

I=

1 2
( x + 8x 2 + 328 x 336 + 2 x 2 48 + 32 x + x 2 192 + 256 x )
12

I=

1
(13x 2 + 616 x 576)
12

I = (1.083 x 2 + 51.33x 48)

(1.083x

+ 51.33 x 48)dx

h=

b a 2 ( 2)
=
=1
n
4

f ( 2 ) = 4.332 102.66 48 = 146.328

f ( 1) =1.083 51.33 48 = 98.247
f ( 0 ) = 48
f (1) =1.083 + 51.33 48 = 4.413
f ( 2 ) = 4.332 +102.66 48 = 58.992

I=

1
( 146.328 375.336 96 + 58.992)
12

1
( 558.744)
12
I = 46.562

I =

4 x

( x + y )dydx
2

c)

0 1

b a x 1
=
n
4

h=

f ( x;1) = x +1

f ( x;0.25 x + 0.75) = x + 0.0625 x 2 + 0.375 x + 0.5625 = 0.0625 x 2 + 1.375 x + 0.5625

f ( x;0.5 x + 0.5) = x + 0.25 x 2 + 0.5 x + 0.25 = 0.25 x 2 + 1.5 x + 0.25

f ( x;0.75 x + 0.25) = x + 0.5625 x 2 + 0.375 x + 0.0625 = 0.5625 x 2 + 1.375 x + 0.0625

f ( x; x ) = x + x 2

1
( x + 1 + 4 0.0625 x 2 + 1.375 x + 0.5625 + 0.5625 x 2 + 1.375 x + 0.0625 +
12
+ 2 0.25 x 2 + 1.5 x + 0.25 + x + x 2 )
I=

I=

1
x + 1 + 4( 0.625 x 2 + 2.75 x + 0.625) + 0.5 x 2 + 3x + 0.5 + x + x 2
12

I=

1
x + 1 + 2.5 x 2 + 11x + 2.5 + 0.5 x 2 + 3 x + 0.5 + x + x 2
12

0.25 x 0.25
I = 4 x 2 + 16 x + 4

12

I = 0.0833 x 3 + 0.3333 x 2 + 0.0833 x 0.0833 x 2 0.3333 x + 0.0833

I = 0.0833 x 3 + 0.25 x 2 0.25 x 0.0833

4

(0.0833x

+ 0.25 x 2 0.25 x 0.0833 dx

b a 4 0
=
=1
n
4

h=

f ( 0 ) = 0.0833( 0 ) + 0.25( 0 ) 0.25( 0 ) 0.0833 = 0.0833

f (1) = 0.0833(1) + 0.25(1) 0.25(1) 0.0833 = 0

3

f ( 2) = 0.0833( 2) + 0.25( 2 ) 0.25( 2) 0.0833 = 1.0831

2

f ( 3) = 0.0833( 3) + 0.25( 3) 0.25( 3) 0.0833 = 3.6658

2

f ( 4) = 0.0833( 4 ) + 0.25( 4 ) 0.25( 4) 0.0833 = 8.2479

I=

1
[ 0.0833 + 4( 0 + 3.6658) + 2(1.0831) + 8.2479]
12

1
[ 24.994]
12
I = 2.0828
I =

e x

ln xydydx

d)

1 1

h=

b a x 1
=
= 0.25 x 0.25
n
4

f ( x;1) = ln x

f ( x;0.25 x + 0.75) = ln[ x( 0.25 x + 0.75) ] = ln 0.25 x 2 + 0.75 x

f ( x;0.5 x + 0.5) = ln[ x( 0.5 x + 0.5) ] = ln 0.5 x 2 + 0.5 x

f ( x;0.75 x + 0.25) = ln[ x( 0.75 x + 0.25) ] = ln 0.75 x 2 + 0.25 x

f ( x; x ) = ln x 2

I=

1
ln x + 4( 1.3863x 2 0.2877 x 0.2877 x 2 1.3863x ) + 2( 0.6931x 2 0.6931x ) + ln x 2
12

I =

1
ln x 6.696 x 2 6.696 x 1.3862 x 2 1.3862 x + ln x 2
12

I=

1
1
ln x 2 + ln x 8.0822 x 2 8.0822 x =
2 ln x + ln x 8.0822 x 2 8.0822 x
12
12

I =

1
(3 ln x 0.6735 x 2 0.6735 x )( 0.25 x 0.25)
12

I = ( 0.0625 x ln x 0.0140 x 3 0.0140 x 2 0.0625 ln x + 0.0140 x 2 + 0.0140 x )

I = 0.0625 x ln x 0.0140 x 3 0.0625 ln x + 0.0140 x

(0.0625 x ln x 0.0140 x

0.0625 ln x + 0.0140 x )dx

h=

b a e 1
=
= 0.4296
n
4

f (1) = 0.0625(1) ln (1) 0.0140(1) 0.0625 ln (1) + 0.0140(1) = 0

3

(
f (1.8592 ) = (3 ln (1.8592 ) 0.6735(1.8592 )

f (1.4296) = 0.0625(1.4296 ) ln (1.4296 ) 0.0140(1.4296) 0.0625 ln (1.4296 ) + 0.0140(1.4296) = 9.6

3

0.6735(1.8592 ) = 1.7198

f ( 2.2888) = 3 ln( 2.2888) 0.6735( 2.2888) 0.6735( 2.2888) = 2.5856

f ( 2.7184) = 3 ln ( 2.7184 ) 0.6735( 2.7184) 0.6735( 2.7184 ) = 3.8077

I=

1
[ 1.347 + 4( 1.2671 2.5856) + 2( 1.7198) + ( 3.8077 ) ]
12

1
[ 1.347 15.4108 3.4396 3.8077]
12
I = 2.0004
I =

4 6 3

( x

e)

2 yz dzdydx

4 0 1

b a 3 ( 1)
=
=1
n
4

h=

f ( y; x;1) = x 4 2 y ( 1) = ( x 4 + 2 y )

] ( )

f ( y; x;0 ) = x 4 2 y ( 0 ) = x 4

] (

f ( y; x;1) = x 4 2 y (1) = ( x 4 2 y )
f ( y; x;2 ) = x 4 2 y ( 2 ) = x 4 4 y

f ( y; x;3) = x 4 2 y ( 3) = ( x 4 6 y )

I=

1 4
( x + 2 y ) + 4( x 4 + x 4 4 y ) + 2( x 4 2 y ) + ( x 4 6 y )
12

I=

1 4
x + 2 y + 8 x 4 16 y + 2 x 4 4 y + x 4 6 y
12

1
12 x 4 24 y
12
I = x4 2 y
I =

4 6

( x

2 y dydx

4 0

h=

b a 6 0
=
= 1.5
n
4

f ( x;1.5) = x 4 2(1.5) = ( x 4 3)

] (

f ( x;3) = x 4 2( 3) = x 4 6

f ( x;4.5) = x 4 2( 4.5) = ( x 4 9 )

] (

f ( x;6 ) = x 4 2( 6 ) = x 4 12

I=

1 .5 4
(
x 3) + 4( x 4 6 ) + 2( x 4 9 ) + x 4 12
12

I=

1.5 4
x 3 + 4 x 4 24 + 2 x 4 18 + x 4 12
12

I=

1.5
8 x 4 57 = ( x 4 7.125)
12

( x

7.125)dx

h=

b a 4 ( 4)
=
=2
n
4

f ( 4 ) = ( 4) 7.125 = 248.875

f ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) 7.125 = 8.875

f ( 0 ) = ( 0) 7.125 = 7.125

f ( 2) = ( 2) 7.125 = 8.875

f ( 4 ) = ( 4) 7.125 = 248.875
I=

2
[ 248.875 + 35.5 + 35.5 14.25 + 248.875]
12

I = 92.4167

 x xy

f)

y Sen y dzdydx
0 0 0

h=

b a xy 0
=
= 0.25 xy
n
4

f ( x; y;0 ) = 0
1

f ( x; y;0.25 xy ) =
y Sen0.25 x

f ( x; y;0.5 xy ) =
y Sen0.5 x

f ( x; y;0.75 xy ) =
y Sen0.75 x

f ( x; y; xy ) =
y Senx

I =

1
1
xy
1
0 + 4 Sen0.25 x + Sen0.75 x + 2 Sen0.25 x + Senx
12( 4 )
y
y

y
y

I =

xy
4
4
2
1
0 + Sen0.25 x + Sen0.75 x + Sen0.25 x + Senx
48
y
y
y
y

I =

xy 6
4
1
Sen0.25 x + Sen0.75 x + Senx

48 y
y
y

x 2 Sen0.25 x 2 Sen0.75 Senx

I =
+
+
8
12
48

x 2 Sen0.25 x 2 Sen0.75 Senx

+
+
dydx

8
12
48

0 0

h=

b a x 0 x
=
=
n
4
4

f ( x;0 ) = 0
3
3
2
x x Sen0.25 x Sen0.75 Senx
f x; =
+
+
32
48
192
4

3
3
2
x x Sen0.25 x Sen0.75 Senx
f x; =
+
+
16
24
96
2

3
3
2
3x 3 x Sen0.25 x Sen0.75 Senx
f x;
+
+
=
32
16
64
4

x 3 Sen0.25 x 3 Sen0.75 Senx 2

f ( x; x ) =
+
+
8
12
48

x
x 3 Sen0.25 x 3 Sen0.75 Senx 2 x 3 Sen0.25
(0 +
+
+
+
+
48
2
3
12
8
x 3 Sen0.75 Senx 2 x 3 Sen0.25 x 3 Sen0.75 Senx 2
+
+
+
+
+
)
12
48
8
12
48
I=

I =

x x 3 Sen0.25 x 3 Sen0.75 Senx 2

+
+
48
3
2
8

x 4 Sen0.25 x 4 Sen0.75 Senx 2

I =
+
+

144
96
384

x 4 Sen0.25 x 4 Sen0.75 Senx 2

0 144 + 96 + 384 dx

h=

b a 0
=
=
n
4
4

f ( 0) = 0
4
4
2
Sen0.25 Sen0.75 Sen
f =
+
+

576
384
1536
4

4
4
2
Sen0.25 Sen0.75 Sen
f =
+
+

288
192
768
2

4
4
2
3 Sen0.25 Sen0.75 Sen

f
+
+
=

192
128
512
4

4 Sen0.25 4 Sen0.75 Sen 2

f ( ) =
+
+

144
96
384

Sen 2 4 Sen0.25
+
+
48
36
24
96
144
4 Sen0.75 Sen 2 4 Sen0.25 4 Sen0.75 Sen 2
+
+
+
+
+
)
96
384
144
96
384
I=

I =

(0 +

4 Sen0.25

4 Sen0.25

48

24

4 Sen0.75

4 Sen0.75
16

Sen 2
64

5 Sen0.25 5 Sen0.75 Sen 3

I =
+
+
1152
768
3072

I = 1.1591 * 103 + 5.2157 * 10 3 + 1.6769 * 10 4

I = 6.5425 * 10 3

1 2 0.5

g)

x +y +z

dzdydx

0 1 0

h=

b a 0.5 0 1
=
=
n
4
8

f ( x; y;0 ) = e x +y
1

x+y+
1

8
f x; y; = e
8

x+y+
1

4
f x; y; = e
4

x+y+
3

8
f x; y; = e
8

x+y+
1

2
f x; y; = e
2

I =

1
1
1
2 x +2 y +
x+y+
x+y+
1 x+y
2
4
2
e
+
4
e
+
2
e
+
e

96

1
1
1
2 x +2 y +
x +y +
x +y +
x+y
2
4
2
e
e
e
e
I =
+
+
+
96
24
48
96

1
1
1
2 x +2 y +
x +y +
x +y +
x +y
2
4
2
e
e
e
e
+
+
+

96
24
48
96
0 0

1 2

h=

dydx

b a 20 1
=
=
n
4
2

1
1
1
2x+
x+
x+
x
e
e 2
e 4
e 2
f ( x;0 ) =
+
+
+

24
48
96
96

3
x+
x +1

e 2 x +1.5 e 4
e x +1
1 e 2
f x; =
+
+
+

24
48
96
2 96

e x +1 e 2 x +2.5 e x +1.25 e x +1.5

f ( x;1) =
96 + 24 + 48 + 96

 e x +1.5 e 2 x +3.5 e x +1.75 e x +2

f ( x;1.5) =
96 + 24 + 48 + 96

e x +2 e 2 x +4.5 e x +2.25 e x +2.5

f ( x;2 ) =
96 + 24 + 48 + 96

2x+

x+

x+

1 e x e 2 e 4 e 2 e 2 x + 2 e 4 x + 4 e 2 x + 2.5 e 2 x +3 e x +1 e 2 x + 2.5
I=
( +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
24 96
24
48
96
12
3
6
12
48
12
e x +1.25 e x +1.5 e x + 2 e x + 2 e 2 x + 4.5 e x + 2.25 e x + 2.5
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
)
24
48
96
96
24
48
96
I =

1 97e 26 x +32.25

24
96

I =

97e 26 x +32.25
2304

97e 26 x +32.25
0 2304
1

h=

dx

b a 1 0 1
=
=
n
4
4

f ( 0) =

97e32.25
2304
38.75

1 97e
f =
2304
4

45.25

1 97e
f =
2304
2

51.75

3 97e
f =
2304
4

f (1) =

97e 58.25
2304

I =

1 97e32.25 97e 90.5 97e 45.25 97e 58.25

+
+
+
48
288
1152
2304
2304

I =

1 97e 226.25

48
192

97e 226.25
I =
9216

I =1.0525 * 10 2 e 226.25
I =1.9114

1 1 y

h)

zdzdydx

0 x 0

h=

b a y 0 y
=
=
n
4
8

f ( x; y;0 ) = 0

3
y

y y
f x; y; = y 2 =
4

4 4
3
y

y y
f x; y; = y 2 =
2
2

3y
3y

2 3y
f x; y ;
= y
=
4
4
4

f ( x; y; y ) = y 2 ( y ) = y 3

I=

1
0 + 4 y3 + y3 + y3
48

I=

6 y3
= 8 y3
48

1 1

(8 y )dydx
3

0 x

h=

b a 1 x
=
= 0.25 0.25 x
n
4

f ( x; x ) = 8 x 3
f ( x;0.25 + 0.75 x ) = 8( .25 + 0.75 x ) = ( 0.125 + 3.375 x )
3

f ( x;0.5 + 0.5 x ) = 8( 0.5 + 0.5 x ) = ( 1 + x )

3

f ( x;0.75 + 0.25 x ) = 8( 0.75 + 0.25 x ) = ( 3.375 + 0.125 x )

3

f ( x;1) = 8

I=

0.25 0.25 x
0.125 + 3.375 x 3 14 + 14 x 3 2 + 2 x 3 8
12

I=

0.25 0.25 x
24.125 +19.375 x 3
12

6.0313 4.8438 x 3 + 6.0313 x 4.8438 x 4

I =

12

I = 0.5026 0.40365 x 3 + 0.5026 x 0.40365 x 4

1

(0.5026 0.40365 x
0

+ 0.5026 x 0.40365 x 4 dx

h=

b a 1 0 1
=
=
n
4
4

f ( 0 ) = 0.5026 0.40365( 0 ) + 0.5026( 0) 0.40365( 0)

3

) = 0.5026

3
4
1
1
1
1
f = 0.5026 0.40365 + 0.5026 0.40365 = 0.6204
4
4
4
4

3
4
1
1
1
1
f = 0.5026 0.40365 + 0.5026 0.40365 = 0.6782
2
2
2
2

3
3
3
3
f = 0.5026 0.40365 + 0.5026 0.40365

4
4
4
4
3

f (1) = 0.5026 0.40365(1) + 0.5026(1) 0.40365(1)

I=

= 0.5815

) = 0.1978

1
[ 0.5026 + 2.4816 + 2.326 +1.3564 + 0.1978]
48

I = 0.1430

3) Use los terminos en serie de Taylor de tercer orden para estimar

para la funcion
f(X)=25X3-6X2+7X-88
Usando como punto base x=2 con un paso h=0.05

Taylor: f(Xi+1)= f(Xi)+fl(Xi)h+fll(Xi)h2+flll(Xi)h3+...+f(n)(Xi)hn+Rn

2!

f(X)=25X3-6X2+7X-88
fl(X)=75X2-12X+7
fll(X)=150X-12

f(2)=102
fl(2)=283
fll(2)=288

3!

n!

f(3)

flll(X)=150

flll(2)=150

f(X) =102

Ev = 554-102 *100% = 81.6%

554
1

f(X) = 102+ (283)(1) = 385

Ev = 554-385 * 100% = 30.5%

554
2 f(X) = 102 + 283(1) + 288(1)2 = 529
2!
Ev = 554-529 * 100% = 4.25%
554
3 f(X) = 102 +283(1) + 288 (1)2 + 150(1)3 = 554
2!
3!
Ev = 554-554 * 100% = 0%
554

4) Use los trerminos en serie de Taylor de cuarto orden para estimar f(2)
para la funcion f(x)=e-x usando como punto base x=1 con un paso h=0.05
Taylor: f(Xi+1)= f(Xi)+fl(Xi)h+fll(Xi)h2+flll(Xi)h3+flV(Xi)h4

2!

f(x)=
f(x)=
f(x)=
f(x)=
f(x)=

e-x
-e-x
e-x
-e-x
e-x

3!

f(1)= 0.3678794
fl(1)= -0.3678794
fll(1)= 0.3678794
flll(1)= -0.3678794
flV(1)= 0.3678794

0 f(X) = 0.3678794
Ev = 0.1353353-0.3678794 *100% = -171.8%

4!
Xi=1

Xi+1=2

h=2-1=1
f(2)= 0.1353353

0.01353353
1 f(X) = 0.3678794 0.3678794(1) = 0
Ev =

100%

2 f(X) = 0 + 0.3678794(1)2 = 0.1839397

2!
Ev = 0.1353353-0.1839397 * 100% = -35.9%
0.1353353
3 f(X) = 0.1839397 0.3678794(1)3 = 0.1226265
3!
Ev = 0.1353353-0.1226265 * 100% = 9.4%
0.1353353
4 f(X) = 0.1226265 0.3678794(1)3 = 0.1379548
3!
Ev = 0.1353353-0.1379548 * 100% = -1.9%
0.1353353

5) Use las aproximaciones de diferencias hacia atrs, hacia delante y

centrales para estimar la primera derivada de la funcion
f(X)=25X3-6X2+7X-88
usando como punto de base x=2.5 con un paso de h = 0.25
1ra. Derivada
f(x) = 25X3-6X2+7X-88

X = 2.5

h = 0.25

ATRS
2

2.25

XI-2

XI-1

2.5
XI

fI(2.5)= 3f(Xi)-4f(Xi-1)+f(Xi-2)
2h
fI(2.5)= 3(282.625)-4(182.141)+102
2(0.25)
FI(2.5)= 442.622

f(2) = 102
f(2.25) = 182.141
f(2.5) = 282.625

DELANTE
2.5

2.75

Xi

Xi+1

3
Xi+2

fI(2.5)= -f(Xi+2)+4 f(Xi+1)-3 f(Xi)

2h
fI(2.5)= -554+4(405.797)-3(282.625
2(0.25)
fI(2.5)= 442.626

f(2.5)=282.625
f(2.75) = 405.797
f(2.5) = 554

CENTRALES
fI(2.5)= -f(Xi+2)+8 f(Xi+1)- 8f(Xi-1)+f(Xi-2)
12h
fI(2.5)= -554+8(405.797)-8(182.141)+102
12(0.25)
fI(2.5)= 445.799

6) Use las aproximaciones de diferencias hacia atrs, hacia adelante y

centrales para estimar a primera derivada de

la funcin.

F(x) = 0,658x5 8,68x4 + 41,6x3 88,09x2 + 79,35x 23,33

Usado como punto base x = 3 con un paso h = 0,25
Hacia atrs
2,5

2,75

F(2,5)
= - 0,3221075
F(2,75) = 0,918318359
F(3)
= 1,924
F(x) =

F(3) =

3F(xi) 4F(xi-1) + F(xi-2)

2h
3 (1,924) 4 (0,918318359) + (-0,3221875)
2(0,25)

F(3) = 3,55
Hacia adelante
3

3,25

3,5

F(3)
= 1,924
F(3,25) = 2,345228515
F(3,5)
= 1,9439375
F(x) =

- F(xi+2) + 4F(xi+1) 3F(xi)

2h

F(3) =

- 1,9439375 + 4 (2,345228515) 3(1,924)

2(0,25)

F(3)

3,32995312

Central
2,5 2,75

3,25

3,5

F(2,5) = -0,3221875
F(2,5) = 0,918318359
F(3) = 1,924
F(3,25) = 2,345228515
F(3,5) = 1,9439375
F(X) =

-F(xi+2) + 8F(xi+1) 8F(xi-1) + F(xi-2)

2h

F(3) =

-1,9439375 + 8 (2,345228515) 8(0,918318359) 0,3221875

2(0,25)

F(3)

3,04971874933

7) Use las aproximaciones de diferencias hacia atrs, hacia delante y

centrales para estimar la segunda derivada de la funcin usando como punto
base h = 0,25
Central
F(x) = 25x3 - 6x2 + 7x 88
F(xi) =

- F(xi+2) + 16F(xi+1) 30F(xi) + 16F(xi) F(xi-2)

12h2
2

2,25

2,5 2,75

F(2)
= 102
F(2,25) = 182,140625
F(2,5)
= 282,625
F(2,75) = 405,796875
F(3)
= 554
F(2,5)= - 554 + 16(405,796875) 30(282,625) + 16(182,140625) 102
12(0,25)2

F(2,5) =

363

Hacia adelante
F(xi) =

- F(xi+3) + 4F(xi+2) 5F(xi+1) + 2F(xi)

h2

F(2,5)
= 282,625
F(2,75) = 405,796875
F(3)
= 554
F( 3,25) = 729,578125
F(2,5) =

F(2,5) =

- 729,578125 + 4 (554) 5(405,796875) + 2(282,625)

(0,25)2
363

Hacia atrs

F(xi) =

2F(xi) 5F(xi-1) + 4F(xi-2) F(xi-3)

H2

F(1,75) = 39,859375
F(2)
= 102
F(2,25) = 182,140625
F(2,5) = 282,625
F(2,5) =

2( 282,625) 5(182,140625) + 4(102) 39,859375

(0,25)2

F(2,5) = 363

8) Use las aproximaciones de diferencias hacia atrs, hacia delante y

centrales para estimas la segunda derivada de la funcin usando como punto
base X=3 con un paso
h= 0,25
F(x) =

0,658x5 8,68x4 + 41,6x3 88,09x2 + 79,35x 23,33

2,25

F(2,25)
F(2,5)
F(2,75)
F(3)
F(325)
F(3,5)
F(375)

2,5 2,75

3,75

3,5 3,75

= - 1,413435547
= - 0,3221875
= 0,918318359
= 1,924
= 2,345228515
= 1,9439375
= 0,67073242

Hacia atrs
F(xi) = 2F(xi) 5F(xi-1) + 4F(xi-2) F(xi-3)

h2

F(3) =

2(1,924) 5(0,918318359) + 4(-0,3221875) + 1,413435547

(0,28)2

F(3) = - 9,902499968
Hacia adelante
F(x) =

- F(xi+3) + 4F(xi+2) 5F(xi+1) + 2F(xi)

h2
F(3) =

- 0,67073242 + 4(1,9439375) 5(2,345228515) + 2(1,924)

(0,25)2

F(3) =

- 12,36999992

Central
F(xi) =

F(xi+2) + 16F(xi+1) 30F(xi) + 16F(xi-1) F(xi-2)

12h2

F(3) = 0,3221875 + 16(0,918318359) 30(1,924) + 16(2,345228515) 1,9439375

12(0,25)2
F(3) = -9,5

10) En un circuito con un voltaje impreso E (t) y una inductancia L, la

primera ley de Kirchoff nos da la siguiente relacion
E = L

di
dt

+ R*i

Donde R es la resistencia del circuito e i es la corriente. Suponga que

medimos la corriente para varios valores de t y obtenemos
T
i

1,00 1,01
1,02 1,03
1,04
3,20
3,22 3,24
3,28 3,34

Donde t se mide en segundos, i se da en amperios, la inductancia L es una

constante de 0,882 henrios y la resistencia es de 0,617 ohmios. Aproxime el
voltaje E en el valor t = 1,02
h = 1,01 1,00 = 0,01
di
dt

F(x) =

-F(xi+2) + 8F(xi+1) 8F( xi-1) + (xi-2)

12h

Aproximaciones de diferencia centrales 1ra derivada

F(1,02) =

- 3,34 + 8(3,34) 8(3,28) + 3,22 + 3,20

12(0,01)
F(1,02) = 29,666
I= 3,24
E= ( 0,882) ( 29,666) + (0,617) ( 3,24
E= 28,17 voltios

11) En un circuito, la inductancia L es de 0,882 henrios y la resistencia

es de 0,617 ohmios. Aproxime el voltaje con el valor t = 1,05
T
i

1,00 1,01
1,05 1,10
1,16
3,20
3,22 3,24
3,28 3,34

Son datos desigualmente espaciados

F(x) = 2x xi xi + 1------ F(xi-1) +2x-xi-1-xi+1------- F(xi) + 2x-xi-1-xi
F(xi+1)
(xi-1-xi)(xi-1-xi+1)
(xi-xi-1)(xi-xi+1)
(xi+1-xi-1)(xi+1-xi)

F(1,05) = 2(1,05) 1,05 1,10 (3,22)+ 2(1,05)-1,01-1,10------- +2(1,05)-1,01-1,05(3,28

(1,01-1,05)(1,01-1,10)

(1,05-1,01)(1,05-1,10)

(1,10-1,01)(1,10-1,05)

F(1,05) = 0,633
E = (0,882)(0,633) + (0,617) (3,24)
E = 2,55voltios

12) Determinar la velocidad y aceleracin de un vehiculo cuando transcurren

15 segundos luego que se pone en movimiento, si los datos de tiempo y
posicin son los siguientes.
xi-3
Tiempo 0
Distancia 0

xi-2 xi-1 xi
5
10
15
47
95
189

20
273

30
398

V =?
a=?
t = 15seg
Derivadas con diferencias finitas hacia atrs
h= xi-xi-1
h= 15-10
h= 5
F(x)=

3F(xi)-4F(xi-1) + F(xi-2)
2h

F(x)=

3(189) 4(95) + 47
2(5)

23,4

V = 23,4m/s
F(x)

2F(xi)- 5F(xi-1)+ 4F(xi-2)- F(xi-3)

h2

F(x)

2(189)- 5(95)+ 4(47)-0

3,64
=
(5)2
a = 3,64m/s2
13) Calcular la cantidad de calor necesaria para elevar la temperatura de
1000 gramos de un material desde 0 hasta 900C, Si la capacidad calorfica
c del material considerado esta dada en la siguiente tabla
=

T.C 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
C
0,130 0,150 0,170 0,191 0,217 0,232 0,257 0,263 0,270 0,271
Utilizando la regla del trapecio de segmentos mltiples se tiene:
n-1

F(X0) + 2 F(xi) +f(xn)

(b-a) = -------- i=1-------------2n

I=(900-0)
I=
H
H
H

0,130+ 2(0,150+0,170+0,191+0,217+ 0,232+ 0,257+0,263+0,270)+0,271

2(5)

351,09 J/kg
= m c T
= (1kg) (351,09J/kg) = 351,09 J
= 83,856 cal

15) La concentracin qumica a al salida de un reactor de mezcla completa

se mida como
t.(min)
0
C(mg/m3 10

a)

2
20

4
30

6
40

8
60

a) Trapecio de segmentos mltiples

h=2
b) Trapecio
h = 4
n-1

I= h [F(x0) + 2
i=1
2

F(xi) +f(xn)]

I= 2 [10 + 2(20+30+40+60+72)+70]
2
I= 524
b)

10
72

I= (b-a)

F(a)+F(b)
2

I= (16-12) ( 70+50)
2
I = 240
I total= 524+240= 764 mg min

12
70

16
50

m3
t2

Como: M= Q t1 cdt
Q = 12m3/min
M = (12m3)
min
M= 9168mg

(764 mg-min)
m3

16) suponga que la corriente a trabes de un resistor es descrita por la

fusin
I(t) = (60-t)2 +(60-t) sent
R= 10i+ 2i2/3
T1= 0
t2 = 6
V = iR
Por medio de la regla de Simpson de 1/3 de segmentos mltiples.
I(t)= (60-t)2 + (60-t)sen t
H = b-a
n

20-0
10

i(0) = 3600
i(2) = 3365,43145
i(4) = 3137,95437
i(6) = 2918,30789
i(8) = 2706,56596
i(10) = 2502,75821
n-1

i(12)
i(14)
i(16)
i(18)
i(20)

=
=
=
=
=

2306,90031)
2119,00186
1939,06928
1767,10718
1603,11897

n-2

F(x0)+ 4
F(xi)+2
F(xj) + F(xn)
I= (b-a)= ----I= 1,3,5------ j=2,4,6-------------3n
I= (20-0) 3600+2(3365,43145+3137,95437+2918,30789+1767,10718)+ 1603,11897
3(10)
I= 33819,54133
I= 33819,54
R= 10i+2i2/3
R= 10(33819,54)+2(33819,54)2,3
R= 340286,98
V= iR
V= (33819,54)(340286,98)
V= 11508349131,6v
17) Un Studio de ingeniera de transporte requiere el calculo del nmero
total de autos que pasan por una interseccin en un periodo de 24 horas.

Utilic los datos, para estimar el nmero total de autos que pasa a diario
por la interseccin.
tiemp
o
00:00
02:00
04:00
05:00
06:00
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
17:00
18:00
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
23:00
24:00

Autos/min
2
2
0
2
5
8
25
12
5
10
12
7
9
28
22
10
9
11
8
9
3

0
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10.5
11.5
12.5
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

Simpson1/3

Trapecio segmentos mltiples

trapecio
Simpson1/3
Trapecio
Trapecio

Trapecio de segmentos multiples

Utilizando las formulas NEWTON-COTES cerradas se tiene:

Para el intervalo de 00:00 04:00, se usa la regla de Simpson de 1/3
I = (b-a)[f(X0)+4f(X1)+f(X2)]
6
I = (4-0)[2+4(2)+0] =6.6667
6

Para el intervalo de las 04:00 09:00 se usa la regla del trapecio de

segmentos multiples.
n-1

I = (b-a) f(X0) + 2i=1 f(Xi) + f(Xn)

2n
I = (9-4) 0 + 2(2+5+8+25) + 12
2(6)

38.3333

Para el intervalo de las 09:00 10:30 se usa la regal del trapecio

I = (b-a) f(a) + f(b)
2
I = (10.5 9) 12 + 5
2
I = 12.75
Para el intervalo de 10:30 12:30 se usa la regla de Simpson 1/3
I = (b-a) [f(X0)+4f(X1)+f(X2)]
6
I = (12.5 10.5) [5+4(10)+12] =19
6
Para el intervalo de 12:30 14:00 se usa la regla del trapecio
I = (b-a) f(a)+f(b)
2
I = (14-12.5) 12+7 =14.25
2
Para el intervalo de 14:00 16:00 se usa la regla del trapecio
I = (16-14) 7+9 = 16
2
Para el intervalo de
segmentos multiples

16:00

24:00

se

usa

la

regla

I = (24-16) 9+2(28+22+10+9+11+8+9)+3
2(9)
I = 91.5556
Itotal = 6.6667 + 38.3333 + 12.75 + 19 + 14.25 + 16 + 91.5556
Itotal = 198.5556 autos.

CAPITULO 6 :

ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES

ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES ORDINARIAS

del

trapecio

de

1.
a).

Resolver los siguientes ecuaciones de primer orden con dos iteraciones.

y`= 2x-3y

y(1) =5

con h=0.1

Metodo De Euler
I=0

Yi+1 = yi + hF(xi , yi)

Y1 = yo + h f(xo,yo)
f(xo,yo) =2(1) 3(5) +1 = -12
Y1 = 5+(-12)(0.1) = 3.8

I=1

I=2

Y2 = y1 + h f(x1,y1)
Y2 = 3.8 + 0.1(2(1.1) 3(3.8)+1) =2.98
Y3 = y2 + h f(x2,y2)
Y3= 2.98 + 0.1(2(1.2) 3(2.98) + 1) = 2.426

b). y`= x + y2

y(0) =0

con h=0.1

Metodo de Euler modificado

Yi+1 = yi + F(xi , yi)h

h[F(xi , yi) + F(xi + 1 , yi + 1)]

2

Yi+1 = yi +
I =0

Y1 = yo + h f(xo,yo)
Y1 = 0 + 0.1(0+02) = 0
Y1 = y0 +

h[F(xo , yo) + F(x1 , y1)]

2

2
Y1 = 0 + 0.1[(0 + 0 ) + (0.1 + 0)] =

0.05
I =1
Y2 = y1 + h f(x1,y1)
Y2 = y1 +

h[F(x1 , y1) + F(x2 , y2)]

2

Y2 = 0.05 +

(0.1+ 0.052) = 0.06025

2
Y2 = 0.05 + 0.1[(0.1 + 0.05 ) + (0.2 + 0.06025)] = 0.65307

c). y`= (x-y)2

y(0) =0,5

con h=0.1

Metodo De Euler
I=0

Yi+1 = yi + hF(xi , yi)

Y1 = yo + h f(xo,yo)
Y1 = 0.5+(0-0.5)2(0.1) = 0.525

I=1
Y2 = y1 + h f(x1,y1)
Y2 = 0.525+(0.1-0.525)2(0.1) = 0.543063

I=2

Y3 = y2 + h f(x2,y2)
Y3 = 0.543063+(0.2-0.543063)2(0.1) = 0.554832

d). y`= xy +(y)1/2

y(0) = 1

con h=0.1

Metodo De Euler
Yi+1 = yi + hF(xi , yi)
I=0

Y1 = yo + h f(xo,yo)
Y1 = 1+(0(1)+(1)1/2)(0.1) = 1.1

I=1
Y2 = y1 + h f(x1,y1)
Y2 = 1.1+(0.1(1.1)+(1.1)1/2)(0.1) = 1.21588
I=2
Y3 = y2 + h f(x2,y2)
Y3 = 1.21588+(0.2(1.21588)+(1.21588)1/2)(0.1) = 1.35047
e). y`= xy2 y/x

y(1) = 1

con h=0.1

Yi+1 = yi + hF(xi , yi)

I=0

Y1 = yo + h f(xo,yo)

1
1

Y1 = 1+( 0 *12 )(0.1) = 1

I=1

I=2

Y2 = y1 + h f(x1,y1)
1
Y1 = 1+( 0.1*12
)(0.1) = 1.01909
0.1

Y3 = y2 + h f(x2,y2)
Y3 = 1.01909+( 0.2 *1.01909 2

f). y`= 2y Cos (x)

1.01909
)(0.1) = 1.05879
0.21

y(0) = 1

con h=0.1

Yi+1 = yi + hF(xi , yi)

I=0
I=1

Y1 = yo + h f(xo,yo)
Y1 = 1+(2(1)cos(0))(0.1) = 1.2
Y2 = y1 + h f(x1,y1)
Y2 = 1+(2(1.2)cos(0.1*180/ ))(0.1) = 1.438801

I=2

Y3 = y2 + h f(x2,y2)

Y2 = 1+(2(1.438801)cos(0.2*180/ ))(0.1) = 1.72083

2. Resolver los siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales de orden superior de
valor inicial con dos iteraciones.
a) y``+3y`+2y =6 ;

dy
=z
dx
I=0

0 X 1 , y(0)=y`(0)=0

con h = 0.1

dz
=-3z2y+6
dx
K1
L1
K2
L2
K3
L3
K4
L4

=0
= -3(0)-2(0)+6= 6
=(0+0.5(0.1)6) = 0.3
= -3(0+0.5(0.1)6)-2(0+0.5(0.1)0)+6= 5.1
=(0+0.5(0.1)5.1)= 0.255
= -3(0+0.5(0.1)5.1)-2(0+0.5(0.1)0.3)+6= 5.205
=(0+(0.1)5.205)= 05205
= -3(0+(0.1)5.205)-2(0+(0.1)0.255)+6= 4.3875

Y1 = 0+1/6[0+2(0.3)+2(0.255)+0.5205]0.1 = 0.027175
Z1 = 0+1/6[6+2(5.1)+2(5.205)+4.3875]0.1 = 0.516625
I=1
K1
L1
K2
L2
3.68475
K3
L3
3.76942
K4
L4

=0.516625
= -3(0.516625)-2(0.027175)+6= 4.39575
=(0.516625+0.5(0.1)4.39575) = 0.736414
= -3(0.516625+0.5(0.1)4.39575)-2(0.027175+0.5(0.1)0.516625)+6=
=(0.516625+0.5(0.1)3.68475)= 0.700863
= -3(0.516625+0.5(0.1)3.68475)-2(0.027175+0.5(0.1)0.736414)+6=
=(0.516625+(0.1)3.76942)= 0.983567
= -3(0.516625+(0.1)3.76942)-2(0.027175+(0.1)0.700863)+6= 3.12478

Y1 = 0.027175+1/6[0.516625+2(0.736414)+2(0.700863)+0.893567]0.1 =
0.098581
Z1 = 0.516625+1/6[4.39575+2(3.68475)+2(3.76942)+3.12478]0.1 = 0.89044
b) y``-10y`+25y =30x+3 ;

dy
=z
dx

1 X 2 , y(1)=y`(1)=0 , con h = 0.1

dz
=10z-25y+30x+3
dx

I=0
K1
L1
K2
L2
K3
L3
K4
L4

=0
= 10(0)-25(0)+30(1)+3 = 33
=(0+0.5(0.1)33)= 1.65
= 10(0+0.5(0.1)33)-25(0+0.5(0.1)0)+30(1+0.5(0.1))+3= 51
=(0+0.5(0.1)51)= 2.55
= 10(0+0.5(0.1)51)-25(0+0.5(0.1)1.65)+30(1+0.5(0.1))+3= 57.937
=(0+(0.1)57.9375)= 5.79375
=10(0+(0.1)57.9375)-25(0+(0.1)2.55)+30(1+(0.1))+3= 87.5625

Y1 = 0+1/6[0+2(1.62)+2(2.55)+5.79375]0.1 = 0.236563
Z1 = 0+1/6[33+2(51)+2(57.9375)+87.5625]0.1 = 5.64063

I=
K1 =5.64063
L1 = 10(5.64063)-25(0.236563)+30(1.1)+3 = 86.4922
K2 =(5.64063+0.5(0.1)86.4922)= 9.96523
L2 = 10(5.64063+0.5(0.1)86.4922)25(0.236563+0.5(0.1)5.64063)+30(1.1+0.5(0.1))+3= 124.188
K3 =(5.64063+0.5(0.1)124.188)= 11.85
L3 = 10(5.64063+0.5(0.1)5124.188)25(0.236563+0.5(0.1)9.96523)+30(1.1+0.5(0.1))+3= 137.629
K4 =(5.64063+(0.1)137.629)= 19.4036
L4 =10(5.64063+(0.1)137.629)-25(0.236563+(0.1)11.85)+30(1.1+(0.1))+3=
197.497
Y2 = 0.236563+1/6[5.64063+2(9.9623)+2(11.85)+19.4036]0.1 = 1.38114
Z2 = 5.64063+1/6[86.4922+2(124.188)+2(137.629)+197.497]0.1 = 19.101
c) y``-8y`+20y =100x2+26xex ;

dy
=z
dx

2 X 3 , y(2)=y`(2)=0

, con h = 0.1

dz
=8z-20y+100x2-26xex
dx

I=0

K1 =0
L1 = 8(0)-20(0)+100(2)2-26(2)e2 = 15.7691
K2 =(0+0.5(0.1)15.7691)= 0.78845
L2 =8(0+0.5(0.1)15.7691)-20(0+0.5(0.1)0)+100(2+0.5(0.1))226(2+0.5(0.1))e(2+0.5(0.1) = 12.5285
K3 =(0+0.5(0.1)12.5285)= 0.62643
L3 = 8(0+0.5(0.1)12.5285)-20(0+0.5(0.1)0.78845)+100(2+0.5(0.1))226(2+0.5(0.1))e(2+0.5(0.1) = 10.44382
K4 =(0+(0.1)10.44382)= 1.04438
L4 =8(0+(0.1)10.44382)-20(0+(0.1)0.62643)+100(2+(0.1))226(2+(0.1))e(2+(0.1) = 2.229327
Y1 = 0+1/6[0+2(0.78845)+2(0.02643)+1.04438]0.1 = 0.06457
Z1 = 0+1/6[15.76908+2(12.5285)+2(10.44382)+2.229327]0.1 = 1.0657
I=1

K1 =1.0657
L1 = 8(1.0657)-2(0.06457)+100(2.1)2-26(2.1)e2.1 = 2.361323
K2 =(1.0655+0.5(0.1)2.361323)= 1.1838
L2 =8(1.0657+0.5(0.1)2.361323)20(0.06457+0.5(0.1)1.0657)+100(2.1+0.5(0.1))2-26(2.1+0.5(0.1))e(2.1+0.5(0.1) =
-10.5306
K3 =(1.0657+0.5(0.1)(-10.5306))= 0.53917
L3 = 8(1.0657+0.5(0.1)(-10.5306))20(0.06457+0.5(0.1)1.1838)+100(2.1+0.5(0.1))2-26(2.1+0.5(0.1))e(2.1+0.5(0.1) =
-15.8054
K4 =(1.0657+(0.1)(-15.8054))= -0.5148
L4 =8(1.0657+(0.1)(-15.8054))20(0.06457+(0.1)0.53917)+100(2.1+(0.1))2-26(2.1+(0.1))e(2.1+(0.1) = -38.7192
Y2 = 0.06457+1/6[1.0657+2(1.1838)+2(0.53917)-0.5148]0.1 = 0.13118
Z2 = 1.0657+1/6[2.361323+2(-10.5306)+2(-15.8054)-38.7192]0.1 = 0.0166
d) y``+4y =3Sen(2x) ;

0 X 1 , y(0)=y`(0)=2

, con h = 0.1

dy
=z
dx

dz
=-4y + 3Sen(2x)
dx

I=0
K1
L1
K2
L2
K3
L3
K4
L4

=2
= -4(2)+3Sen2(0*180/ )= -8
=(2+0.5(0.1)(-8))= 1.6
=-4(2+0.5(0.1)(2))+ 3Sen 2((0+0.5(0.1))180/ ) = -7.80399
=(2+0.5(0.1)(-7.80399))= 1.6098
=-4(2+0.5(0.1)1.6)+3 sen 2((0+0.5(0.1))180/ )= -7.72399
=(2+0.1(-0.205))= 1.2276
=-4(2+(0.1)(1.99498)+3 Sen 2((0+0.1)180/ )= -8.04791

Y1 = 2+1/6[2+2(1.6)+2(1.6098)+1.2276]0.1 = 2.16079
Z1 = 2+1/6[-8+2(-7.80399)+2(-7.72399)-8.04791]0.1 = 1.21494
I=1

K1 =1.21494
L1 = -4(2.16079)+3Sen2(0.1*180/ )= -7.83115
K2 =(1.21494+0.5(0.1)(-7.83115))= 0.823378
L2 =-4(2.16079+0.5(0.1)(1.21494))+ 3Sen 2((0.1+0.5(0.1))180/ ) =
-7.99959
K3 =(1.21494+0.5(0.1)(-7.99959))= 0.814961
L3 =-4(2.16079+0.5(0.1)0.823378)+3 sen 2((0.1+0.5(0.1))180/ )=
-7.921355
K4 =(1.21494+0.1(-7.921355))= 0.4228044
L4 =-4(2.16079+(0.1)( -7.921355)+3 Sen 2((0.1+0.1)180/ )= -4.3063629
Y2 = 2.16079+1/6[1.21494+2(0.823378)+2(0.814961)+ 0.4228044]0.1 =
2.24269704
Z2 = 1.21494+1/6[-7.83115+2(-7.99959)+2(-7.921355) -4.3063629]0.1 =
0.502949952
K=1
L1=3
M1= 6*3+3-Cos (180/)=20.4597
K2=3+1/2*0.1*3=3.15
L2=3+1/2*0.1*20.4597=4.02298
M2= 6(3+1/2*0.1*20.4597)+3-Cos (1+1/2*0.1)=26.6403
K3=3+1/2*0.1*4.02298=3.20115
L3=3+1/2*0.1*26.6403=4.33202
M3= 6(3+1/2*0.1*26.6403)+3-Cos ((1+1/2*0.1)180/ )=28.4945
K4=3+0.1*4.33202=3.43320
L4=3+0.1*28.4945=5.84945
M4= 6(3+0.1*28.4945)+3-Cos ((1+0.1)180/ )=37.6431
Y1=3+1/6(3+2(3.15)+2(3.20115)+3.4332)*0.1=3.31893
Z1=3+1/6(3+2(4.02298)+2(4.33202)+5.84945)0.1
Z1=3.42599
u1=3+1/6(20.4597+2(26.266405)+2(28.4945)+37.6431)*0.1=5.80621
i=1
k1=3.42599
L1=5.80621
M1= 6*5.80621+3-Cos (1.1*180/)=37.8837
K2=3.42599+1/2*0.1*5.80621=3.716301

L2=5.80621+1/2*0.1*37.8837=7.700395
M2= 6(5.80621+1/2*0.1*37.8837)+3-Cos ((1.1+1/2*0.1)180/ )=48.793883
K3=3.42599.1+/2*0.1*7.700395=3.8110098
L3=5.80621+1/2*0.1*48.793883=8.245904
M3= 6(5.80621+1/2*0.1*48.793883)+3-Cos ((1.1+1/2*0.1)180/ )=52.066937
K4=3.42599+0.1*8.245904=4.25058
L4=5.80621+0.1*52.066937=11.012904
M4= 6(5.80621+0.1*52.066937)+3-Cos ((1+0.1)180/ )=58.715069
Y2=3.31893+1/6(3.42599+2(3.716301)+2(3.8110098)+ 4.25058) =3.697783
Z2=3.42599+1/6(5.80621+2(7.700395)+2(8.245904)+ 11.012904)0.1=4.2378516
u1=5.80621+1/6(37.8837+2(48.793883)+2(52.066937)+68.715064)*0.1=10.944883
f) y-y=4x2-2xe-x

0 x 1, y (0) = y ' (0) = 1Cosh = 0.1

dy/dx=z
dz/dx=v
du/dx=u+4x2-2xe-x
K1=1
L1=1
M1= 1
N1= 1+4(0)2-2*0*e=1
K2=1+0.5*0.1*1=1.205
L2=1+0.5*0.1*1=1.05
M2= 1+0.5*0.1*1=1.05
N2= (1+0.5(0.1)(1))+4(0+1/2*0.1)2-2(0+0.5(0.1))e-(0+1/2*0.1)=0.964877
K3=1+0.5*0.1*1.5=1.0525
L3=1+0.5*0.1*1.05=1.0525
M3= 1+0.5*0.1*0.964877=1.048244
N3= (1+0.5(0.1)(0.5))+4(0+1/2*0.1)2-2(0+0.5(0.1))e-(0+1/2*0.1)=0.967377
K4=1+0.1*1.0525=1.10525
L4=1+0.1*1.048244=1.104824
M4= 1+0.1*0.967377=1.096738
N4= (1+(0.1)( 1.048244))+4(0+0.1)2-2(0+(0.1))e-(0+0.1)=0.963854
Y1=yo+1/6(K1+2 K2+ 2K3+ K4)*h
Y1=1+1/6(1+2(1.05)+2(1.0525)+(1.10525))*0.1=1.105171
Z1=Zo+1/6(L1+ 2L2+ 2L3+ L4)h
Z1=1+1/6(1+2*0.05+ 2*1.0525 +1.104824)0.1=1.105163
U1=1+1/6(1+2*1.05+2*1.048244+1.096738)*0.1=1.097139
i=1
k1=1.105163
L1=1.04887
M1= 1.097139
N1= 1.097139+4(0.1)2-2*0.1*e-0.1=1.3181005
K2=1.105163+0.5*0.1*1.104887=1.1604874
L2=1.04887+0.5*0.1*1.097139=1.103727
M2= 1.097139+0.5*0.1*1.3181005=1.163044
N2= (1.04887+0.5(0.1)( 1.097139))+4(0.1+1/2*0.1)2-2(0+0.5(0.1))e(0+1/2*0.1)
=0.99483193

K3=1.105163+0.5*0.1*1.103727=1.1603494
L3=1.04887+0.5*0.1*1.163044=1.107022
M3= 1.097139+0.5*0.1*0.94719496=1.1444987
N3= (1.04887+0.5(0.1)( 1.163044))+4(0.1+1/2*0.1)2-2(0+0.5(0.1))e(0+1/2*0.1)
=0.9388981
K4=1.105163+0.1*1.163044=1.109782
L4=1.04887+1/2*0.1*1.1444987=1.16331905
M4= 1.097139+1/2*0.1*0.9388981=1.19102
N4= (1.04887+1/2*(0.1)( 1.1444987))+4(0.1+0.1)2-2(0.1+(0.1))e-(0+0.1)=0.99582757
Y2=1.105163+1/6(1.105163+2(1.1604874)+2(1.1603494)+( 1.109782))*0.1=1.219594
Z2=1.105163+1/6(1.104887+2*1.103727+ 2*1.107022+1.16331905)0.1=1.216658
U2=1.04887+1/6(1.097139+2*1.163044+2*1.1444987+1.19102)*0.1=1.219941
V2=1.097137+1/6(1.3181005+2(0.99483193+2)+2(0.9888981)+0.99582857)0.1=1.2001
601

3.-Resolver las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales de orden superior con

valores en las fronteras.

y (0) = 4, y (1) = 0, con _ h = 4

a) y-y = x2

yi +1 2 yi + yi 1
h

= y i + xi 2

h= (1-0)/4=0.25

x0=0
x1=0.25
x2=0.5
x3=0.75
x4=1
yi+1-2yi+yi-1=(yi+xr2)(0.25)2
yi+1-2.0625+yi-1=0.0625(xi)2
i=1

y2-2.0625y1=0.0625(0.25)2-4=-3.99609

i=2
y3-2.0625y2+ y1=0.0625(0.25)2=0.015625
i=3

-2.0625y3+y2=0.0625(0.25)2=0.351562

y1
- 2.0625

y2
1

y3
0

- 2.0625
1

1
- 2.0625

y1=2.528134

y1 3.99609
* y2 = 0.015625

y3

0.351562

y2=1.2181861
y3=0.420181

b)
Y + 2Y + Y = 5X ;

y(0) = 0;

Y(1) = 0;

Yi +1 2Yi + YI 1
Y YI 1
= 2 I +1
Y + 5X
2
h
2h

con n = 5

h=

10
= 0 .2
5

X0 = 0
X1 = 0.2
X2 = 0.4
X3 = 0.6
X4 = 0.8
X5 = 1
2.02 (Yi+1 2Yi + Yi-1) = h2 [ -2 (Yi+1 Yi-1) Yi + 5Xi]
0.4 Yi+1 0.8 Yi + 0.4 Yi-1 = - 0.08 Yi+1 0.08 Yi-1 0.04 Yi + 0.2Xi
0.48 Yi+1 0.76 Yi + 0.48 Yi-1 = 0.2 Xi
i=1

0.48 Y2 0.76 Y1 + 0.48 Y0 = 0.2 (0.2)

0.48 Y2 0.76 Y1 = 0.04

i=2

0.48 Y3 0.76 Y2 + 0.48 Y1 = 0.2 (0.4) = 0.08

i=3

0.48 Y4 0.76 Y3 + 0.48 Y2 = 0.2 (0.6) = 0.12

i=4

0.48 Y5 0.76 Y4 + 0.48 Y3 = 0.2 (0.8) = 0.16

0.76 Y4 + 0.48 Y3 = 0.16 0.48 (0) = 0.16
Y1
- 0.76
0.48
0
0

Y2
0.48
-0.76
0.48
0

Y3
0
0.48
- 0.76
0.48

Y1 = 4.436159
Y2 = 7.107252
Y3 = 6.983657
Y4 = 4.200204
c)

Y4
0
0
0.48
- 0.76

Y1
Y2
Y3
Y4

0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16

Y - 4Y + 4Y = (X+1)e2X;

y(0) = 3;

Y(1) = 0;

con n = 6

Yi +1 2Yi + YI 1
Y YI 1
2x
= 4.2 I +1
+ 4Yi = ( xi + 1)e i
2
h
2h

h=

10
= 0.166667
6

X0 = 0
X1 = 0.166667
X2 = 0.333333
X3 = 0.5
X4 = 0.666667
X5 = 0.833333
X6 = 1
2 (0.166667) (Yi+1 2Yi + Yi-1) 8 (0.166667)2 (Yi+1 Yi-1) + 4 (0.166667)2 2 (0.166667)Yi =
(0.166667)2 2 (0.166667) (Xi + 1)e2Xi
0.333333 Yi+1 0.666667 Yi + 0.333333 Yi-1 0.222222 Yi+1 + 0.222222 Yi-1 + 0.037037 Yi =
0.009259 (Xi + 1) e2Xi
0.111111 Yi+1 + 0.703703 Yi + 0.444444 Yi-1 = 0.009259 (Xi + 1) e2Xi
i=1

0.111111 Y2 + 0.703703 Y1 + 0.444444 Y0 = 0.009259 (X1 + 1) e2X1

0.111111 Y2 + 0.703703 Y1 = - 1.318256

i=2

0.111111 Y3 + 0.703703 Y2 + 0.444444 Y1 = 0.009259 (X2 + 1) e2X2

0.111111 Y3 + 0.703703 Y2 + 0.444444 Y1 = 0.024045

i=3

0.111111 Y4 + 0.703703 Y3 + 0.444444 Y2 = 0.009259 (X3 + 1) e2X3

0.111111 Y4 + 0.703703 Y3 + 0.444444 Y2 = 0.037724

i=4

0.111111 Y5 + 0.703703 Y4 + 0.444444 Y3 = 0.009259 (X4 + 1) e2X4

0.111111 Y5 + 0.703703 Y4 + 0.444444 Y3 = 0.058542

i=5

0.111111 Y6 + 0.703703 Y5 + 0.444444 Y4 = 0.009259 (X5 + 1) e2X5

0.703703 Y5 + 0.444444 Y4 = 0.089873

Y1

Y2
0.11111
1
0.70370
3
0.44444
4
0

0.70370
3
0.44444
4
0

Y3
0
0.11111
1
0.70370
3
0.44444
4
0

Y4
0

Y5
0

Y1

- 1.318256

Y2

0.024045

0.11111
1
0.70370
3
0.44444
4

Y3

0.11111
1
0.70370
3

Y4

0.058542

Y5

0.089873

0.037724

Y1 = - 2.115676
Y2 = 1.534965
Y3 = - 1.042358
Y4 = 0.801264
Y5 = - 0.37834
4. La tasa de enfriamiento de un cuerpo se puede expresar como

dT
= k (T TO )
dt
donde T es la temperatura del cuerpo (en grados centgrados), To es la
temperatura del medio que rodea al cuerpo (tambin en grados centgrados) y
k es una constante de proporcionalidad (por minuto). Por lo tanto, esta
ecuacin especfica que el enfriamiento es proporcional a la diferencia de
temperaturas entre el cuerpo y el medio que lo rodea. Si se calienta una
bola de metal a 90oC y se sumerge en el agua que se mantiene a una
temperatura constante T0 = 20oC, emplese un mtodo numrico para calcular
el tiempo que le toma a la bola enfriarse a 80oC si K = 0.1 min-1

dT
= 0.1 * (T 20) = 0.1T + 2
dt
A continuacin se aplicar el mtodo de Runge Kutta con un paso de h = 0.1 seg
Primera iteracin para t = 0.1 seg
K1 = -0.1*90+2 = -11
K2 = -0.1*(90+0.5*0.1*-11)+2= -6.94
K 3 = 0.1 * (90 +0.5 * 0.1 * 6.94) +2 = 6.965275
K 4 = 0.1* (90 +0.5 * 0.1 * 6.965275) +2 = 6.965173

T1 = 90 +

1
* ( 11 + 2 * 6.94 + 2 * 6.965275 6.965172 ) * 0.1 = 89.237071
6

Segunda iteracin para t = 0.2 seg

K1 = -0.1*89.237071+2=-6.923707
K 2 = 0.1* (89.237071 +0.5 * 0.1 * 6.923707) +2 = 6.889088
K 3 = 0.1* (89.237071 +0.5 * 0.1* 6.889088) +2 = 6.889261
K 4 = 0.1* (89.237071 +0.5 * 0.1 * 6.889261) +2 = 6.889260

1
* ( 6.923707 + 2 * 6.889088 + 2 * 6.889261 6.889260 ) * 0.1 = 88.547576
6
Despus de 26 iteraciones se obtiene los 80 oC.
T 2 = 89.237071 +

5.- Un contrapeso de 16lb se une aun resorte de 5 pie de longitud . En la posicin de equilibrio
el resorte mide 8.2 pies. Si el contrapeso se eleva y se suelta del reposo en un punto a 2 pies
arriba de la posicin de equilibrio, determine los desplazamientos , x(t)

5pies

8.2 pies

16lb

dx 2
dx
m 2 + C + kx = 0
dt
dt
L = 8.2 5 = 3.2pies
LeydeHooke
= E
16 = k(3.2)
16
lb
k=
=5
3 .2
pie
16
m=
= 0.5slug
32
1 dx 2 dx
+
+ 5x = 0
2 dt 2 dt
dx 2
dx
+ 2 + 10 x = 0
2
dt
dt
dx

dt = 2

dz = 2z 10 x
dt

x(0) = 2
h = 0 .1
z = x , (0 ) = 0

2 pies

ITERACION1
K1 = Z = 0
L 1 = 2(0) 10( 2) = 20
K 2 = 0 + 0.5(0.1)(20 ) = 1
L 2 = 2(0) + 0.5(0.5)(20 ) (10( 2 + 0.5(0.1)(1))) = 18
K 3 = 0 + 0.5(0.1)(18 ) = 0.9
L 3 = 2(0 + 0.5(0.1)(18 )) 10( 2 + (0.1)(1)) = 17.7
K 4 = 0 + (0.1)(17.7 ) = 1.77
L 4 = 2(0 + (0.1)(17.7)) 10( 2 + (0.1)(0.9)) = 15.56
1
(0 + 2(1) + 2(0.9) + 1.77 )(0.1)
6
X 1 = 1.907166
X 1 = 2 +

1
(20 + 2(18 ) + 2(17.7) + 15.56 )(0.1)
6
Z 1 = 1.782666
Z1 = 0 +

6.- El circuito mostrado en la figura es descrito mediante la siguiente ecuacin diferencial

di
1
+ Ri +
idt = E
dt
C

0.5F
i2
10

i1
10V

8H
Si

R 1 = 6
R 2 = 10
R 3 = 5
L = 8H
C = 0.5F
E = 10 V

Determinar la corriente i1,i2 despues de 0.2 seg (R=0.1)

MALLA1
10 V = 8I' 1 + 6I1 + 10(I1 I2 )
8I'1 + 6I1 + 10I1 10I2 = 12
'

I 1 = 2I1 + 1.25I2 + 1.5

MALLA 2
1
I2 dt + 5I2 + 10(I2 I1 ) = 0
0.5
d
( I2 dt + 2.5I2 + 5I2 5I1 ) = 0
dt

'

'

I2 + 7.5I2 5I1 = 0
'

I2 + 7.5I2 5( 2I1 + 1.25I2 + 15) = 0

4
'
I2 = I1 + 0.7I2 + 10 = 0
3

t = 0.1
'

I1 = 2I1 + 1.25I2 + 1.5 K

'

I 2 = 1.333333I1 + 0.7I 2 + 10 L
K 1 = 2(0) + (1.25 )(0) + 1.5 = 1.5
L 1 = 1.33333(0) + 0.7(0) + 10 = 10
K 2 = 2(0 + 0.5(0.1)(1.5)) + 1.25(0 + 0.5(0.1)(10 ))) + 1.5 = 1.975
4
(0 + 0.5(0.1)(1.5)) + 0.7(0 + 0.5(0.1)(10)) + 10 = 9.35
3
K 3 = 2(0 + 0.5(0.1)(1.975 )) + 1.25(0 + 0.5(0.1)(9.35 )) + 1.5 = 1.886875
L2 =

4
(0 + 0.5(0.1)(1.975 )) + 0.7(0 + 0.5(0.1)(9.35)) + 10 = 10.462107
3
= 2(0 + 0.1(1.886875 )) + 1.25(0 + 0.1(10.195583 )) + 1.5 = 2.397073

L3 =
K4

4
(0 + 0.1(1.886875 )) + 0.7(0 + 0.1(10.195583 )) + 10 = 10.462107
3
1
'
I1 = 0 + (1.5 + 2(1.975 ) + 2(1.886875 ) + 2.397073 )(0.1) = 0.19368 Amperios
6
1
'
I 2 = 0 + (10 + 2(9.35 ) + 2(10.195583 ) + 10.462107 )(0.1) = 0.99255
6
L4 =

8.- En un circuito RCL la ley de voltajes de kirchoff requiere que

d 2q
dq 1
+R
+ q = E(t )
dt C
dt

Donde q es la carga, L la inductancia, R la resistencia y C la

capacitancia. Determnese la carga del circuito y la corriente i para t=2
seg con un paso h = 0.1 henrios, R = 10 homios, C = 0.02 faradios.
Si la fuerza electromotriz E (t)= Eo Sen t
Suponga que para t=0, Eo=12, q (0) =q (0)=0 (recuerde que i=dq/dt)

q
= EoSent
C
0.1q ' '+10q '+50q =12 Sent
q ' '+100q '+500q =120 Sent
=0.1
Lq ' '+Rq'+

q(0)=0

z = 0 q(0) =0 para t=0.2seg y h

y=dz/dx= 120Sent -500q-100z=L1

i = 0) k1 = z = 0
L1 =120 Sen(0) 50(0) 100(0) = 0
k 2 = 0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0) = 0
L 2 =120 Sen(0 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0)) 100(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0)) = 0.1047
k 3 = (0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.1047)) = 5.23 x10 3
L3 =120 Sen(0 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0)) 100(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.1047)) = 0.418780
k 4 = (0 +(0.1)( 0.418780)) = 0.041878
L 4 =120 Sen(0 +(0.1)) 500(0 +(0.1)(5.23 x10 3 )) 100(0 +(0.1)( 0.041878) = 4.135489
y1 = 0 +1 / 6(0 +2 * 0 +2(5.23 x10 3 ) +( 0.041878))(0.1) = 5.234666 x10 4
z1 = 0 +1 / 6(0 +2(0.1047) +2( 0.418780) +4.135489)(0.1) = 0.058455
i =1)
k1 = 0.058455
L1 =120 Sen(0.1 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500( 5.234666 x10 4 ) 100(0.058455) = 5.269607
k 2 = 0.058455 +1 / 2(0.1)( 5.269607) = 0.205025
L 2 =120 Sen(0.1 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500( 5.234666 x10 4 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.058455)) 100(0.058455 +
1 / 2(0.1)(5.269607 )) =19.0617052
k3=0.0239931+1/2(0.1)(19.617052)=1.004845
L3=120Sen(0.1+1/2(0.1))-500((-5.234666x10-4)+1/2(0.1)(-0.205225))
100(0.058455+1/2(0.1)(19.617052))=-98.229242
k4=0.0239931+(0.1)(-98.229242)=-9.798931
L4=120Sen(0.1+(0.1))-500((-5.234666x10-4)+(0.1)(1.004845))100(0.058455+(0.1)(-98.229242))=926.885281
y2=-5.234666x10-4+1/6(0.058455+2(-0.205025)+2(1.004845)+(-9.798931))(0.1)=0.136204
z2=0.058455+1/6(-5.269607+2(19.617052)+2(-98.229242)+926.885281)
(0.1)=12.798309
i=2) k1=12.798309
L1=120Sen(0.2+1/2(0.1))-500(-0.136204)-100(12.798309)=0.523597
k2=12.798309+1/2(0.1)(0.523597)=12.824488
L2=120Sen(0.2+1/2(0.1))-500(-0.136204+1/2(0.1)(12.798309))100(12.798309(+1/2)(0.1)(0.523597))=-1533.781013
k3=12.798309+1/2(-1533.781013)=-63.890741
L3=120Sen(0.2+1/2(0.1))-500(-0.136204+1/2(0.1)(12.824488))100(12.798309)+1/2(0.1)(-1533.781013))=6137.0875

k4=12.798309+(0.1)(6137.087562)=626.507065
L4=120Sen(0.2+(0.1))-500(-0.136204+(0.1)(63.890741))-100(12.798309+(0.1)(6137.087562))=-59387.43915
y3=0.058455+1/6(12.798309+2(12.824488)+2(-63.890741)+626.507065)
(0.1)=9.011336
z3=12.798309+1/6(0.523597+2(-1533.781013)+2(6137.08756)-59387.4391)(0.1)=823.5400653

9.-En un circuito RCL, la ley de voltajes de kirchhoff requiere que

d 2q
dq 1
+R
+ q = E(t )
dt C
dt

Donde q es la carga, L la inductancia, R la resistencia y C la

capacitancia. Determnese la carga del circuito y la corriente i para t=2
seg con un paso h = 0.1 henrios, R = 10 homios, C = 0.002 faradios.
Si la fuerza electromotriz E (t)= Eo Sen t
Suponga que para t=0, Eo=12, q (0) =q(0)=0 (recuerde que i=dq/dt)

q
= EoSent
C
0.1q ' '+10q '+500q =12 Sent
q ' '+100q '+5000q =120 Sent
Lq ' '+Rq'+

q=120Sent-5000q-100q
i=0
k = z = 0
L1 =120sen (0)-5000*0 -100*0 = 0
k2 = 0+1/2 (0.1) (0) = 0
l2 = 120 sen (0+1/2 (0.1))-5000 (0+1/2(0.1)(0))-100 (0+1/2 (0.1)(0)) =
0.1097
k3= (0+1/2 (0.1) (0.1047)) = 5.235*10-3
L3 = 120 sen (0+1/2 (0.1))-5000 (0+1/2 (0.1)(0))-100 (0+1/2 (0.1)(0.1047))
= -0.418780
k 4 = (0 + (0.1)(-.418780)) = 0.041878
L4 = (120 sen (0+ (0.1))-5000 (0+ (0.1) (5.235*10-3) -100 (0+ (0.1) (0.418780)) = 1.779739
y1 = 0+1/6 (0+2(0) +2(5.235*10-3) - 0.041878) (0.1) = -5.234666*10-4
z1 = 0+1/6 (0+2(0.1047) + 2(-0.418780) + 1.779739) (0.1) = 0.019192
i = 1
k1 = 0.019192
L1 = 120 sen (0.1 +1/2 (0.1))-5000 (-5.234666*10-4) -100 (0.019192) =
1.012291
k2 = 0.019192 +1/2 (0.1) (1.012291) = 0.069806
L2 = 120 sen (0.1 +1/2 (0.1))-5000((-5.234666*10-4) +1/2 (0.1) (0.019192))
-100 (0.019192 + (0.1) (0.12291)) = -8.847163
k3 = 0.019192 +1/2 (0.1) (-8.847163) = -0.423181

L3 = 120 sen (0.1 +1/2 (0.1))-5000((-5.234666*10-4) +1/2 (0.1) (0.069806))

-100 (0.019192 + (0.1) (-8.847163)) = 27.7566603
k4 = 0.019192 + (0.1) (27.7566603) = 2.798852
L4 = 120 sen (0.1 + (0.1))-5000((-5.234666*10-4) + (0.1) (-0.423181)) -100
(0.019192 + (0.1) (27.7566603)) = -65.258548
y2 = -5.234666*10-4 +1/6 (0.019192+2(0.069806) +2(-0.423181) + 2.798852)
(0.1) = -2.798852
z2= 0.019192+1/6 (1.012291+2(-8.847163) + 2(27.7566603) - -65.258548) (0.1)
= -0.419930
i=2
k1=-0.419930
L1=120Sen (0.2+1/2(0.1))-5000(2.798852)-100(-0.419930) =-13951.7434
k2=-0.419930+1/2(0.1) (-13951.7434) =-698.0071
L2=120Sen
(0.2+1/2(0.1))-5000(2.798852+1/2(0.1)
(-0.449930))-100((0.419930) +1/2(0.1) (-13951.7821)) =55911.9561
k3=-0.419930+1/2(0.1) (55911.9561) =2795.177875
L3=120Sen
(0.2+1/2(0.1))-5000(2.798852-1/2(0.1)
(-698.0071))
100((0.419930)-1/2(0.1) (55911.9561)) =-119009.7489
k4=-0.419930+0.1(-119009.7489) =-11981.39482
L4=120Sen (0.2+0.1)-5000(2.798852+ (0.1) (2795.177875))-100((-0.419930) +
(0.1) (-119009.7898))
L4=-2601643.231
y3=2.798852+1/6(-0.419930+2(-698.0071) +2(2795.177875) + (-11901.39482))
(0.1) =-125.6590347
z3=-0.419930+1/6(-13951.7434+2(55911.9561)+2(-119009.7489)+(-2601643.231)).
(0.1)=-42126.62926
10.-El movimiento del sistema de masas que se muestra en la
por

figura dado

y+2 y+ 2y=F (t)/M

Donde,
= (K/M)1/2 frecuencia natural por amortiguamiento

=C/ (2M )=0.5 factor de amortiguamiento, seg-1

k=3.2 constante de resorte Kg. / seg2

M=5 masa, Kg.

Si F (t) es una funcin escalonada de magnitud Fo =1Kg y cuya duracin es 1

seg. Determine el movimiento de la casa para 0<t<0.2seg por el mtodo de
Runge Kutta de cuarto orden
y+2(0.5)(0.8)y+0.66y=F(t)/5
5y+4y+3.2y=Fox
5y+4y+3.2y=1
y+0.8y+0.64y=0.2

dz
= F (t ) 32 y 5 z
dx
dy
=z
dx

F (0) = 100 3.2 y 5Z

( z ) =1

i =0
k1 = 1
L1 = 1 3.2 * 0 5 * 1 = 4
k 2 = 1 +1 / 2(0.1)(4) = 1.2
L2 = (1 +1 / 2(0.1)(4)) 3.2(0 +1 / 2 * 0.1 *1) 5(1 +1 / 2 * 0.1)
L2 = 4.21
k 3 = 1 +1 / 2 * 0.1 * 4.21 = 0.7895
L3 = (1 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.7895)) 3.2(0 +1 / 2 * 0.1 * 1.2) 5(1 +1 / 2 * 0.1) = 4.40
k 4 = 1 + 0.1 * 4.21 = 0.559
L4 = (1 + (0.1)(4.220)) 3.2(0 +1 / 2 * 0.1 * 0.7845) = 0.4334
Y 1 = 0 +1 / 6[1 + 2 * 1.2 + 2 * 0.7895 + 0.559]
Y 1 = 0.9231246

z1 = 1 +1 / 6[ 4 + 2(4.21) + 2(4.40) + 2 * 0.4334]

z1 = 1.1318

11.- Un contrapeso de 16 lb. estira 8/3 pie de un resorte. Al principio, el

contrapeso parte del reposo a dos pies debajo de la posicin de equilibrio
y el movimiento ocurre en un medio que presenta una fuerza de
amortiguamiento numricamente igual a la mitad de la velocidad instantnea.
Si el contrapeso est impulsado por una fuerza igual a f (t) =10cos3t.
Determinar la posicin del contrapeso en funcin del tiempo.
Peso = 16 lb.
Longitud =8/3
Longitud inicial =0
f (t) =10cos3t

i = 0) k1 = z = 0
L1 =120Cos (0) 50(0) 100(0) = 0
k 2 = 0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0) = 0
L 2 =120Cos (0 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0)) 100(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0)) = 0.1047
k 3 = (0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.1047)) = 5.23 x10 3
L3 =120Cos (0 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0)) 100(0 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.1047)) = 0.418780
k 4 = (0 + (0.1)(0.418780)) = 0.041878

L 4 =120Cos (0 + (0.1)) 500(0 + (0.1)(5.23 x10 3 )) 100(0 + (0.1)( 0.041878) = 4.135489

y1 = 0 +1 / 6(0 + 2 * 0 + 2(5.23 x10 3 ) + ( 0.041878))(0.1) = 5.234666 x10 4
z1 = 0 +1 / 6(0 + 2(0.1047) + 2(0.418780) + 4.135489)(0.1) = 0.058455
i =1)
k1 = 0.058455

L1 =120Cos (0.1 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500( 5.234666 x10 4 ) 100(0.058455) = 5.269607

k 2 = 0.058455 +1 / 2(0.1)(5.269607) = 0.205025
L 2 =120Cos (0.1 +1 / 2(0.1)) 500( 5.234666 x10 4 +1 / 2(0.1)(0.058455)) 100(0.058455 +
1 / 2(0.1)(5.269607)) =19.0617052

12.-Se tiene un intercambiador de calor de tubos concntricos

contracorriente y sin cambio de base .Las ecuaciones que describe
intercambio de calor en ciertas condiciones de operacin son

en
el

d TB /dx=0.03 (Ts-TB)
d Ts /dx=0.04(Ts-TB)
TBO=20 C y TS1=100 C

Calcular TB1 y TS0 si el intercambiador tiene una longitud de 3metros use el

mtodo de Runge Kutta de valor cuarto orden

dTB /dx=0.03(Ts-TB)

TB `= 0.03(Ts TB )
TB (0) = 20o C
Ts (1) =100 o C

i =0
k1 = 0.03(TS 0 20) = 0.03TS 0 0.6

1
1

k 2 = 0.03(Tso + (0.1) 20 + (0.1)[ 0.03(TSO 20)]

2
2

k 2 = 0.0299TS 0 0.5976

1
1

k 3 = 0.03TS 0 + (0.1) 20 + (0.1)(0.0299TSO 0.5976)

2
2

k 3 = 0.02995TS 0 0.597601
k 4 = 0.03[Tso + (0.1) [ 20 + (0.1)(0.02995TSO 0.597604)]]
k 4 = 0.02991TS 0 0.595207
1
[0.03150 0.6 + 0.0598TS 0 1.1952 + 0.0599TS 0 1.1952 + 0.02991TSO 0.5952]
6
1
= 20 + [0.17961TS 0 3.28562]
6
= 0.029935TSO +19.4524

TB1 = 20 +
TB1
TB1

Ts `= 0.04(Ts TB )
k1 = 0.04(TS 0 20) = 0.04TSO 0.8

1
1

k 2 = 0.04 Tso + (0.1) 20 + (0.1)[ 0.04(TSO 0.8)]

2
2

k 2 = 0.03992TS 0 0.7964

1
1

k 3 = 0.04 Tso + (0.1) 20 + (0.1)(0.03992TSO 0.7964)

2
2

k 3 = 0.03992TSO 0.796408
k 3 = 0.04[Tso + (0.1) [ 20 + (0.1)(0.03992TSO 0.7964)]]
k 3 = 0.03984TSO 0.792814
1
[ 0.04TSO 0.86 + 0.07984TSO 1.5928 + 0.07984TSO 159282 + 0.03984150 0.792814]
6
Ts (1) = 100 o C

Ts1 = Tso +

100 o C =
1
Tso + [ 0.04TSO 0.86 + 0.07984TSO 1.5928 + 0.07984TSO 159282 + 0.03984150 0.792814]
6
despejamos TSO

100 = 6.66666 * 10 3 TSO 0.143333 + 0.0133TSO 0.265466 + 0.01330666TSO 26547.12585

100 + 0.1433333 + 0.265466 + 26547.1258 = 0.033297326TSO
TSO = 797587.5937
1
TB1 = 20 + [0.17961TS 0 3.28562]
6
1
TB1 = 20 + [ 0.17961 * 797587.5937 3.28562]
6
TB1 = 23.89

ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES PARCIALES

1. Determinar la distribucin de temperaturas en una placa de 40
cm de ancho por 40 cm de alto cuyas condiciones son las
mostradas en la figura, tomar un x, y = 10 cm.

Ti +1, j Ti 1, j +Ti , j +1 Ti , j 1 4Ti , j = 0

i = 1, j = 1
T2,1 T0,1 + T1,2 T2,0 4T1,1 = 0

i = 2, j = 1
T3,1 T1,1 + T2,2 T2,0 4T2,1 = 0

T2,1 + T1,2 4T1,1 = 10 + 150 = 160

i = 1, j = 2
T2,2 T0,2 + T1,3 T1,1 4T1,2 = 0

T3,1 + T1,1 4T2,2 -4 T2,1 = 10

i = 2, j = 2
T3,2 T1,2 + T2,3 T2,1 4T2,2 = 0

T2,2 + T1,3 T1,1 4T1,2 = 150

i = 1, j = 3
T2,3 T0,3 + T1,4 T1,2 4T1,3 = 0

T3,2 + T1,2 T2,3 T2,1 -4 T2,2 = 10

i = 2, j = 3
T3,3 T1,3 + T2,4 T2,2 4T2,3 = 0

T2,3 + T1,2 4T1,3 = -80

i = 3, j = 1
T4,1 T2,1 + T3,2 T3,0 4T3,1 = 0
-T2,1 + T3,2 4T3,1 = 10 - 10 = 0
i = 3, j = 2
T4,2 T2,2 + T3,3 T3,1 4T3,2 = 0
-T2,2 + T3,3 T3,1 4T3,2 = -10
i = 3, j = 3
T4,3 T2,3 + T3,4 T3,2 4T3,3 = 0
-T2,3 - T3,2 4T3,3 = -10 - 80 = -90

T3,3 + T1,3 T2,2 4 T2,3 = -80

T1

T1

T1

T2

T2

T2

T3

T3

T3

-4
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
T11

-1
-4
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
0

0
1
-4
0
0
-1
0
0
0
16

T12

0
15

T13
T21
T22
T23
T31
T32
T33

0
70
10
0
-80
0
-10
-90

1
0
0
-4
-1
0
-1
0
0

0
1
0
1
-4
-1
0
-1
0

0
0
1
0
1
-4
1
0
-1

0
0
0
1
0
0
-4
-1
0

0
0
0
0
1
0
0
-4
-1

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
-4

T11 = -43.6208
T12 = -25.4214
T13 = -5.43868
T21 = 10.9382
T22 = 10.1321
T23 = 22.8238
T31 = 2.9714
T32 = 3.22131
T33 = 15. 9887
2. Determinar la distribucin de temperatura en una palaca de 40
cm de ancho por 40 cm de alto, cuyas condiciones son las que
se muestran en la figura, tomar un x = y = 10 cm.

Ti +1, j Ti 1, j +Ti , j +1 Ti , j 1 4Ti , j = 0

i = 1, j = 1
T2,1 T0,1 + T1,2 T1,0 4T1,1 = 0

i = 2, j = 1
T3,1 T1,1 + T2,2 T2,0 4T2,1 = 0

T2,1 + T1,2 4T1,1 = 150 + 10 = 160

i = 1, j = 2
T2,2 T0,2 + T1,3 T1,1 4T1,2 = 0

T3,1 + T1,1 4T2,2 -4 T2,1 = 10

i = 2, j = 2
T3,2 T1,2 + T2,3 T2,1 4T2,2 = 0

T2,2 + T1,3 T1,1 4T1,2 = 150

i = 1, j = 3
T2,3 T0,3 + T1,4 T1,2 4T1,3 = 0

i = 2, j = 3
T3,3 T1,3 + T2,4 T2,2 4T2,3 = 0

T2,3 + T1,2 4T1,3 = -80

i = 3, j = 1
T4,1 T2,1 + T3,2 T3,0 4T3,1 = 0

T3,3 + T1,3 T2,2 4 T2,3 = -80

T2,1 -T2,1 + T3,2 4T3,1 = 0

i = 3, j = 2
T4,2 T2,2 + T3,3 T3,1 4T3,2 = 0
-T2,2 + T3,3 T3,1 4T3,2 = -10
i = 3, j = 3
T4,3 T2,3 + T3,4 T3,2 4T3,3 = 0
T2,3 - T3,2 4T3,3 = - 80
T1

T1

T1

T2

T2

T2

T3

T3

T3

-4
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
T11

-1
-4
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
0

0
1
-4
0
0
-1
0
0
0
16

T12

0
15

T13
T21
T22
T23
T31
T32
T33

0
70
10
0
-80
0
-10
-80

1
0
0
-4
-1
0
-1
0
0

0
1
0
1
-4
-1
0
-1
0

0
0
1
0
1
-4
1
0
-1

0
0
0
1
0
0
-4
-1
0

0
0
0
0
1
0
0
-4
-1

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
-4

T11 = -43.6213
T12 = -25.255
T13 = -5.3493
T21 = 10.7699
T22 = 10.7082
T23 = 22.3478
T31 = -1.25
T32 = 5
T33 = 18.75
3. Determinar la distribucin de temperaturas en una placa de 40
cm de ancho por 40 cm de alto cuyas condiciones son las que
se ven en la figura, tomar un x, y = 10 cm

150

AISLAMIENTO

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

3.0

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

4.0

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

AISLAMIENTO
i = 1, j = 1
T21 T01 + T12 T10 4T11 = 0

T21 = T41
80 C

T10 = T12

i = 2, j = 1
T31 T11 + T22 T20 4T21 = 0

T21 4T11 = 150

i = 1, j = 2
T22 T02 + T13 T11 4T12 = 0

T31 + T11 4T21 = 10

i = 2, j = 2
T32 T12 + T23 T21 4T22 = 0

T22 + T13 T11 4T12 = 150

i = 1, j = 3
T23 T03 + T14 T12 4T13 = 0

i = 2, j = 3
T33 T13 + T24 T22 4T23 = 0

T23 - T1,2 4T13 = 150-180

i = 3, j = 1
T41 T21 + T32 T30 4T31 = 0

T33 - T13 T22 4 T23 = -80

4T31 = 0
i = 3, j = 2
T42 T22 + T33 T31 4T32 = 0
T33 T31 4T32 = 0
i = 3, j = 3
T43 T23 + T34 T32 4T33 = 0
- T32 4T33 = - 80
T1

T1

T1

T2

T2

T2

T3

T3

T3

-4
-1
0
-1
-1
0
0
0
0
T11

0
-4
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
-4
0
0
-1
0
0
0
16

T12

0
15

T13
T21
T22
T23
T31
T32
T33

0
70
0
0
-80
0
0
-80

1
0
0
-4
-1
0
0
0
0

T11 = -35.2941
T12 = -26.6099
T13 = -5.18769
T21 = 8.82353

0
1
0
0
-4
-1
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
1
-4
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
0
0
-4
-1
0

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
-4
-1

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
-4

T22 = 13.4539
T23 = 22.6393
T31 = 0
T32 = 4.70588
T33 = 18.8235
4. Se realiza el proceso de carburacin de un acero 1008
(0.08%C), la materia carburante utilizada tiene un contenido de
carbono de 1.30%. El coeficiente de difusin D del carburo en el
acero a la temperatura de tratamiento es de 2.3 x 10 -7 cm2/seg.
Oc
O 2c
, mediante el
=D
Ot
Ox 2

La ecuacin que rige este proceso es

mtodo implcito determinar la concentracin de carbono C

alcanzada en

el mencionado

acero

a 2 mm de espesor

utilizando un x = 0.5 mm y t = 2 horas = 7200 segundos,

luego de 4 horas de proceso. Tomar =
D = 2.3 x 10-7 cm2/s
Oc
O 2c
=D
Ot
Ox 2

Dt

( x ) 2 .

1,30%
C1

0.5 mm

C1

1008(0.08% C)

0.5 mm

C2

x = 0.5mm

0.5 mm

C3

0.5 mm

C4

3600 s
t = 2h
1h
t = 7200 s
t =4

=D

( x ) 2

( 2.3 10 )( 7200) = 0.006624

7

( 0.5) 2

1 + 2 = 1.013248

(1 + 2 )Cin +1 Cin+11 Cin++11 = Cin

t = 7200 seg

i =1

0.013248C1n +1 0.006624C 0n +1 0.006624C 2n +1 = C1n

0.013248C1n +1 0.006624C 2n +1 = 0.006624(1.30) + ( 0.08) = 0.0886112

i =2

0.013248C 2n +1 0.006624C1n +1 0.006624C 3n +1 = 0.08

i =3

0.013248C 3n +1 0.006624C 2n +1 0.006624C 4n +1 = 0.08

i =4

0.013248C 4n +1 0.006624C 3n +1 0.006624C 5n +1 = 0.08

0.013248C 4n +1 0.006624C 3n +1 = 08 + 0.006624( 0.08) = 0.08

C1n +1

C 2n +1

C 3n +1

0.013248
-0.006624

-0.006624
0.013248

0
-0.006624

0
0

C1n +1

-0.006624

0.013248

-0.006624

C 3n +1

-0.006624

0.013248

i =1

C 4n +1
C 2n +1
C 4n +1

0.0886123
0.08
0.08
0.08

C1n +1 = 25.1946

C 2n +1 = 37.0119
C 3n +1 = 36.7517

C 4n +1 = 24.4146

t =14400 seg

0.013248C1n +1 0.006624C 0n +1 0.006624C 2n +1 = C1n

0.013248C1n +1 0.006624C 2n +1 = 0.006624(1.30 ) + 25.1946 = 25.20

i =2

0.013248C 2n +1 0.006624C1n +1 0.006624C 3n +1 = 37.0119

i =3

0.013248C 3n +1 0.006624C 2n +1 0.006624C 4n +1 = 36.7519

i =4

0.013248C 4n +1 0.006624C 3n +1 0.006624C 5n +1 = C 4n

0.013248C 4n +1 0.006624C 3n +1 = 0.006624(1.30 ) + 24.4146 = 24.42

C1n +1

C 2n +1

C 3n +1

0.013248
-0.006624

-0.006624
0.013248

0
-0.006624

0
0

C1n +1

-0.006624

0.013248

-0.006624

C 3n +1

-0.006624

0.013248

C 4n +1
C 2n +1
C 4n +1

25.20
37.0119
36.7519
24.42

C1n +1 = 1942.91

C 2n +1 = 81.4746
C 3n +1 = 4932.4

C 4n +1 = 4309.5

5. Por el mtodo de explcito para calcular la distribucin de

temperatura en el tiempo 0,2 seg. de una barra larga de
longitud de 20 cm y los siguientes datos: la difusividad =
0.825 cm2/seg, x= 4 cm y t = 0,1 seg. En t = 0, la temperatura
de la barra es 6 C y los extremos de la barra estn expuestos a
300 C y 150 C respectivamente.

t 0.825 0.1
=
= 0.005156
x 2
42

in +1 = in1 + in+1

t = 0.1 seg.
i =1

T1n +1 = 0.005156T0n + 0.005156T2n

T1n +1 = 0.005156( 300 ) + 0.005156( 6 ) = 1.577736

i =2

T2n +1 = 0.005156T1n + 0.005156T3n

T2n +1 = 0.005156( 6 ) + 0.005156( 6) = 0.061872

i =3

T3n +1 = 0.005156T2n + 0.005156T3n

T3n +1 = 0.005156( 6 ) + 0.005156( 6 ) = 0.061872

i =4

T4n +1 = 0.005156T3n + 0.005156T5n

T4n +1 = 0.005156( 6) + 0.005156(150 ) = 0.804336

t = 0.2 seg.
i =1

T1n +1 = 0.005156T0n + 0.005156T2n

T1n +1 = 0.005156( 300) + 0.005156( 0.61872) = 1.547119

i =2

T2n +1 = 0.005156T1n + 0.005156T3n

T2n +1 = 0.005156( 0.577736 ) + 0.005156( 0.061872 ) = 8.4538 10 3

i =3

T3n +1 = 0.005156T2n + 0.005156T3n

T3n +1 = 0.005156( 0.061872 ) + 0.005156( 0.804336 ) = 4.4661 10 3

i =4

T4n +1 = 0.005156T3n + 0.005156T5n

T4n +1 = 0.005156( 0.81872 ) + 0.005156(150 ) = 0.773719

6. Use el mtodo implcito para calcular la distribucin de

temperatura en el tiempo 0,2 seg. de una barra larga de
longitud de 20 cm y los siguientes datos: la difusividad =
0.825 cm2/seg, x= 4 cm y t = 0,1 seg. En t = 0, la temperatura
de la barra es 6 C y los extremos de la barra estn expuestos a
300 C y 150 C respectivamente

x = 4cm

t 0.825 0.1
=
= 0.005156
x 2
42

(1 + 2 )Cin+1 Cin+11 Cin++11 = Cin

t = 0.1 seg.
i =1

1.0103T1n +1 = 0.005156T0n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = T1n

1.0103T1n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 0.005156( 300) + 6 = 7.546875

i =2

1.0103T2n +1 = 0.005156T1n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = T2n = 6

i =3

1.0103T3n +1 = 0.005156T2n +1 0.005156T4n +1 = C 3n = 6

i =4

1.0103T4n +1 = 0.005156T3n +1 0.005156T5n +1 = C 4n

1.0103T4n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 0.005156(150 ) + 6 = 6.7734

T1n +1

T2n +1

T3n +1

1.0103
-0.005156

-0.005156
1.0103

0
-0.005156

-0.00515

1.0103

-0.005156

T4n +1

0
0

7.546877
6
6
6.7734

T1n +1

T2n +1

n +1
=
-0.005156 T3
T4n +1
1.0103
t = 0.2 seg.

T1n +1 = 7.50059

T2n +1 = 6.00775
T3n +1 = 6.00386

T4n +1 = 6.73499

(1 + 2 )Cin+1 Cin+11 Cin++11 = Cin

i =1

1.0103T1n +1 = 0.005156T0n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 7.50059

1.0103T1n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 0.005156( 300 ) + 7.50059 = 27.96859

i =2

1.0103T2n +1 0.005156T1n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 6.00775

i =3

1.0103T3n +1 0.005156T2n +1 0.005156T4n +1 = 6.00386

i =4

1.0103T4n +1 = 0.005156T3n +1 0.005156T5n +1 = 6.73499

1.0103T4n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 0.005156(150) + 6.73499 = 7.50839

T1n +1

T2n +1

T3n +1

1.0103
-0.005156

-0.005156
1.0103

0
-0.005156

-0.00515

1.0103

-0.005156

T1n +1 = 22.7655

T2n +1 = 6.09355
T3n +1 = 6.01183

T4n +1 = 7.46252

T4n +1

0
0

T1n +1
T2n +1

n +1
-0.005156 T3
T4n +1
1.0103

22.96859
6.00795
6.00386
7.50839

7. Use el mtodo de Crack Nicolson para calcular la distribucin

de temperatura en el tiempo 0,2 seg. de una barra larga de
longitud de 20 cm y los siguientes datos: la difusividad =
0.825 cm2/seg, x= 4 cm y t = 0,1 seg. En t = 0, la temperatura
de la barra es 6 C y los extremos de la barra estn expuestos a
300 C y 150 C respectivamente

t 0.825 0.1
=
= 0.005156
x 2
42

( 2 + 2 ) in+1 in++11 in+11 = ( 2 2 ) in + in+1 in1

t = 0.1 seg.
i =1
2.0103T1n +1 0.005156T2n +1 0.005156T0n +1 = 1.98968T1n + 0.005156T2n + 0.005156T0n

2.0103T1n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 0.005156( 300 ) + 1.98968( 6 ) + 0.00515( 300) = 15.062616

i =2
2.0103T2n +1 0.005156T3n +1 0.005156T1n +1 = 1.98968T2n + 0.005156T3n + 0.00515T1n
2.0103T2n +1 0.005156T3n +1 0.005156T1n +1 = 1.98968( 6 ) + 0.005156( 6) + 0.00515( 6 ) = 11.999952

i =3
2.0103T3n +1 0.005156T4n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 1.98968T3n + 0.005156T4n + 0.00515T2n
2.0103T3n +1 0.005156T4n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 11.999952

i =4
2.0103T4n +1 0.005156T5n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 1.98968T4n + 0.005156T5n + 0.00515T3n

2.0103T4n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 0.005156(150 ) + 1.98968( 6 ) + 0.005156( 6 ) = 13.53877

T1n +1

T2n +1

T3n +1

2.01031
-0.005156

-0.005156
2.01031

0
-0.005156

-0.00515

2.01031

-0.005156

T4n +1

0
0

T1n +1
T2n +1

15.062616
11.999952
11.999952
13.53877

n +1
=
-0.005156 T3
T4n +1
2.01031
t = 0.2 seg.

T1n +1 = 7.50808
T2n +1 = 6.00385
T3n +1 = 6.00192

T4n +1 = 6.73499

i =1
2.0103T1n +1 0.005156T2n +1 0.005156T0n +1 = 1.98968T1n + 0.005156T2n + 0.005156T0n

2.0103T1n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 0.005156( 300 ) + 1.98968( 6) + 0.00515( 300 ) = 15.5552

i =2
2.0103T2n +1 0.005156T3n +1 0.005156T1n +1 = 1.98968T2n + 0.005156T3n + 0.00515T1n
2.0103T2n +1 0.005156T3n +1 0.005156T1n +1 = 0.98968( 6.00385)
+ 0.005156( 6.00192 ) + 0.00515( 7.50808) = 6.01155

i =3
2.0103T3n +1 0.005156T4n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 1.98968T3n + 0.005156T4n + 0.00515T2n
2.0103T3n +1 0.005156T4n +1 0.005156T2n +1 = 6.00574

i =4
2.0103T4n +1 0.005156T5n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 1.98968T4n + 0.005156T5n + 0.00515T3n
2.0103T4n +1 0.005156T3n +1 = 0.005156(150 ) + 0.98968( 6.75006)
+ 0.005156(150 ) + 0.005156( 6.00192 ) = 8.25815

T1n +1

T2n +1

T3n +1

2.01031
-0.005156

-0.005156
2.01031

0
-0.005156

-0.00515

2.01031

-0.005156

T1n +1 = 5.25826
T2n +1 = 3.01156
T3n +1 = 3.00575

T4n +1 = 4.11561

T4n +1

0
0

T1n +1
n +1
2

n +1
-0.005156 T3
T4n +1
2.01031

10.55552
6.01155
6.00574
8.25815