Honors Chemistry

Name: Nicole Lui Period: 3 Date: Nov 17, 2013

U n i t 3 : C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s

Single Replacement Reactions Lab

Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to determine which metals are most reactive and to create an order from most reactive to least reactive. Part I: Reactions with Aqueous Solutions Materials: Metals: Copper Lead Zinc Magnesium Silver Calcium

Solutions: Copper (II) sulfate Silver nitrate Lead (II) nitrate Zinc sulfate Magnesium nitrate

Procedures 1. Using a well plate and the chemical given, determine which reactions will occur between the metals and the solutions. 2. Add to each of the wells a small piece of the appropriate metal which has first been cleaned with sand paper. Note: Your teacher will provide the calcium when you are ready for it. 3. Create a data table to record your observations of before and after reactions. 4. Observe and record any evidence of a replacement reaction (i.e. a thin coating appears on the surface of the metal) occurring each of the test tubes. If no change is visible within five minutes, record this as no reaction Copper Changed color, got moldy Zinc Darker silver color, moldy, crumbling (solid forming) No reaction Reaction, solid is forming No reaction Got darker, started bubbling Lead Darker color, very moldy, crumbling No reaction Darker color No reaction No reaction Silver No reaction Magnesium Moldy

Silver nitrate

Zinc sulfate Lead (II) nitrate Magnesium nitrate Copper (II) sulfate

No reaction Color changed a little bit darker No reaction No reaction

No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction

No reaction Color darkened a lot Color darkened a little bit Bubbles and color darkened

1) Magnesium + Silver Nitrate - Magnesium is more active than Silver on the activity series chart, therefore it replaces the silver in silver nitrate Equation: 0 +1 +2 0 Mg(s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) --> Mg(NO3 )2(aq) + 2Ag(s) Net Ionic Equation: Mg2+(s) + 2Ag+(s) + 2NO3-(aq) --> Mg2+(s) + 2NO3-(aq) + 2Ag+(s) Oxidized: Mg Reduced: Ag Oxidation Agent: Ag Reducing Agent: Mg

Q: A metal was found in the lab that was missing its labeling tape. In order to determine the identity of the metal several reactions were performed. When the metal was placed in hydrochloric acid, it bubbled. No reaction was noticed when placed in a solution of calcium nitrate. A reaction was observed when placed in a solution of zinc chloride. What could the metal possibly be? What further test could you run to determine the identity of the metal? When the metal was placed in a solution of calcium nitrate there was no reaction, therefore the metal should be less reactive than calcium. However, when it was placed in a solution of zinc chloride, there was a reaction so the metal should be more reactive than zinc. The only metals it could have been would then only be calcium, sodium, magnesium or aluminum. To determine what the metal could be you could run a test for sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or aluminum sulfate. If there is a reaction it means they are more reactive but if it does not they are either less reactive or have the same metal. 2) No Reaction - Copper and Zinc sulfate Cu + ZnSO4 -- No reaction because copper is less reactive than zinc, therefore it cannot replace zinc in zinc sulfate.