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Stratford University

A Research Paper On

IMPACT OF IT ON QUALITY CHILD EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS

Submitted to:
Jim Peters

Summer 2012 Q5

Submitted by:
ardi! Pate" Student #$ %o&1'()(2
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Introduction: The marching trend of the computing arena has marked a revolutionary stroke to the developing educational arena. With computers making headway in every walk of life with increasing software expertise, the very base of our social infrastructure, the schools have had a good pace of advancement. The computer education has introduced an interesting phase among the students. The result of the SAAR contest by the !ndian teams in the past years of schools has proved that it is more"so"over a true explanation. Tomorrow is not far away to them when there will be more intelligent use of computers. !t is certainly through this mini desk top tool that the students can be best empowered for creativity of operations for better prospects and overall development at all levels. These machines are certainly going to prove as the indispensable substitute to pencils, papers and books. There is a novel nomenclature of #dutainment, the latest bu$$word of the day, as the conglomeration of education and entertainment, with each element playing a significant role. With the series of operation research over it, with the development of various software of educational nature have provided a boon to both the learners and the deeply involved educators. %or the learners, there is an impressing attraction towards the educational &s, and has become a fun filled experience. Along with, the educators, the teachers are getting aided with this tool and have made teaching easier and interesting. To provide an access to the pre"primary lots, the software has been termed as 'Totware(, to surprise. They are designed specifically to promote a )uality workstation for the teachers and budding tablets of prosperity, the students. They are edutainment programs aimed totally at the needs and abilities of children as young as two years of age. They are even given pace to use underactivity, bright colours, music and sound effects keeping little children interested while introducing them to basic concepts. The products in this category address a wide range of skills and concepts. These programs are mainly supportive of exploration and experimentation. !ndia has a proud image before her academic gentry inclusive of trainers at large. The software developers in the country have also not been blind to the needs of the tiny tots. The smart march towards the year *++, series has had an alarmingly interesting modules of teaching aids through multimedia and virtual reality. The stunning example to cite is of an exciting computer class in -ombay. As you step in, you find a classroom of tiny tots peering at colourful graphics on computer monitors. %ruits such as bananas or pineapples appear on the screen in various configurations. The children count the number of fruits and then punch the figure on the keyboard. !f they get the number of fruits and then punch the figure on the keyboard. !f they get the number of fruits right, they are rewarded with a teddy bear on the screen. This novel way of powerful animations and video, fascinating fagots, and exciting
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activities provide hours of interactive learning. With this, the student workforce is bound to come up with uni)ue excellence like writing stories on the computers, print out their own books and learn to use spread sheets and similar programs in math pro.ects. Literature Revie : Doe! t"e In#or$ation Tec"no%o&' Trend #etc" Qua%it' to Student!( Accordingly, the )uality up gradation of the institute can be shaped well of universal acceptance through the networking of computers in the classrooms through !nternet or any other international network which would delimit the walls of the classrooms by extending the reach of its occupants to other distant countries. !t is being made possible to even access to the libraries of the different universities all around the globe. %ar"fetchingly, some districts in America have installed voice mail system that allows parents to call in the head of their kids or to hear the day(s homework assignments or any other relevant information. With this .ourney of excellence in academic arena, the next uni)ue operation under way is of accessing on to schools through computers sitting right at home. This is sure to make even a bed ridden child attend the class. Also through this, to the level best, all the children would use the school(s electronic resources for help with home work or for independent studies. /ike many other path breaking efforts these limited bids in education technology too have considerable following skeptics. According to them the software wi$ardry applied to schools will rectify the creation of haves and have 01Ts(. !t is going to build up a huge information gap, with well financed schools at the one end and those in remote cities on the other. -ut with the march of time this gap is going to be filled up through developments. We as educators are to execute our expertise in this direction to promote the essence of 234A/!T5 !0 A A&#6! S7, for overall excellence in the schools all over. The succeeding image is certainly going to produce in the mass revolt from the teachers, as with the aid of the intelligent machine, the computers, as they may fear of being probable .obless. -ut this has again the optimistic view and approach as it is )uite clear that computers are '8is 6aster(s Slave( and can never operate on their own. With the march of time and tide, the arena of the !nformation Technology has had an indispensable role in nearly all spheres of life. To )uote the factual concern, the following proves the same. The 5ear 9 *+*+ A&.

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The /ocation9 A- & 6edical ollege /ab. The Session9 8eart Surgery. The :articipants9 6--S students and the !nstructor. And, with all this are they suppose to do; The instructor is due to operate on the heart of a person who, in reality, does not exist. -ut the students and the instructor can well 2see7 and 2feel7 and the !nstructor can as well explain about the minute of the cells possible, with all the activities being carried out in a typical heart surgery. !n fact, the concept is of '<R( the virtual reality, in action. Secondly, the year *+*, A&. The /ocation9 A astle in =1A, !ndia. The Scenario9 Tobo, a primary school kid, with his home : . What is he there for; Well, he is seeing a real time display of the great wall of hina in order to prepare for a school seminar on the great wonders of the world. And, how is this made possible; Tobo, is hooked on to a world wide communication network made up of home computers, mainframes, super computers with huge database, telecom lines, earth stations, satellites and cameras, all in sync to meet to Tobo(s specific )ueries. 0ow, with the bu$$ing virtual connectivity through the net, there is a global opening of new vistas in the commercial world. !t has created a powerful ripple in the ocean of information world, to allow everybody to share the information for sustainable developments across the globe. !t is also a facilitation for all the connected to develop their own website for anybody to access around the globe. All this has become simple and even possible for a common man without a sound knowledge of computers " one once awful device. Accordingly, the technology has extended human capabilities, which is fundamental to the successful usage of technology. As per >earsley(s theory of )ualitative productivity, 2!ncreased productivity is a function of human abilities extended through the soft and the hard components of technology.7

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!0 R#AS#& :R1&4 T!<!T5

? 8uman Abilities @ Soft Technology @ 8ard Technology

i.e. any component on the right becoming $ero results in $ero productivity. 6oreover, any mismatch between any of the three components will lead to disaster. -ut, to the high order grading, the appropriate technology, reduces training time, minimi$es training resources, lowers dropout rates improves proficiency in performance and increases satisfaction at all levels. The way this very technology in the form of computers, known as !nformation Technology, introduced a very important technology, introduced a very important instructional capability as !0T#R 100# T!<!T5. Today, in the traditional educational arena, the teacher performs different functions like planning, evaluating and locating appropriate instructional resources, developing complementing instructional resources, handling administration, laisoning with studentsA parentsA administration and teach as well. !n addition the teachers do have to take care of slow learners changes in syllabi, discipline and adhering to the overall development of the child. In#or$ation Tec"no%o&' Trend! in India and it! Sco)e in vie and i%%iterac': o# t"e )revai%in& Povert'

A new concept featuring A:#S, i.e. the omputer Aided :aperless #xamination System has also been developed by the 0! B0ational !nformatics entreC, =ovt. of !ndia, to regularise and facilitate the examination system of the country. !t is fool proof of any leakage and traditional corruption. 1n the other hand, on the part of the teachers, the computer with well designed software, has several strengths that make it an effective instructional tool. This computer aided instruction is made possible by developing in accordance with the internal process of learning. These internal processes are alertness, expectancy, retrieval, selective perfection and perception, semantic encoding, retrieval and response, reinforcement, cues and generalisation. The more of these that are included, the greater is the degree of confidence in the performance. Alongwith, the learner characteristics such as interest, reading rate, prior experience and knowledge and .ob interests have been successfully used by designers to $ero in an appropriate instructional strategies. The interaction encourages participation, allows for remedial measures and increases value added learning time. The learning should exercise appropriate control in terms of
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convenience, preference, review, exit and sound tests. The regular review of the computer aided instruction material is essential to improve on presentation format and upgrade to ensure curricular and programme ade)uacies. The 4niversity of tomorrow will certainly be serving in the information society, this irrefutable fact has important implications for the strategies each institution should adopt as it enters into the next century due to the significant impact the information society will have on higher education in general and each 4niversity in particular. !t is important that each 4niversity take full cogni$ance of the changes in the information society and face one of the most complex of all campus planning operations pertaining to ac)uisition, distribution and management of computing and related technologies. 8ence each institution must make its plans and develop its strategies to be proactive with respect to the environment context and must not lag behind society in general and other educational institutions in particular. The big concern of the survival and success of an institution depends on the extend to which it looks to the future, identifies the opportunities in the turbulent world around it and adapts its special competencies to those opportunities. !n general terms, strategy is the fundamental means an institution employs to achieve a match with its environment, or, alternatively, a pattern in a stream of actions or decisions which relates an organisation to its environment. As we move forward, the role of that information services assumes on campus will surely expand to accommodate the burgeoning technology that is finding increasing use in 8igher #ducation. !ts role will not only be to provide the traditional academic and administrative computer services, but to develop standards for networking computer ac)uisition, data interchange, video transmission and whatever other areas are included under his or her control. Attendant to this activity will be the development of organi$ational structures and enabling policies that will allow the nation to better utili$e the technology to satisfy the academic goals at a large. With the accelerating phase of the advent of !nformation Technology there is an emergence of a new social order. This has made the need for computer literacy among the masses indispensable. Rapid progress in the area of electronics and space technology have contributed substantially to this phenomena. *"at and "' o# In#or$ation Tec"no%o&' in Sc"oo%!( A digital computer is an electronic machine and a very powerful tool in information processing. The computer can well store, retrieve, analyses and synthesi$e data or raw information received from various sources to produce meaningful information necessary in making decisions and solving problems. !t has become easy to obtain information about our bank and insurance
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accounts, train and airline reservations through computerised systems. Several special effects are created in electronic music and watch television programmes. omputerised $erox machines, washing machines, digital watches and the like are familiar to nearly all of us. We are also aware of all of the factories in which computer controlled robots perform various mechanical operations and space programmes which are heavily dependent on the new technologies. These are .ust a few examples of the kind of changes which have offered in our society in recent years and the rate of change is only going to rise in the years to come. To match the new realities of today(s sophisticated technology, there is a pressing need to develop new skills to make the most of the new technology that is available to us. The costs of introducing and using these new techni)ues, providing the necessary e)uipment, and training people in their use have to be set against the old methods of operation and the social conse)uences of making the changes. The children in our schools were born in this era of change. They cannot see anything strange in these novel approaches. The curriculum for all pupils in schools will have to place emphasis on technological change and its implications. Such a curriculum should ensure that all students are able to use technology to communicate effectively with and through the computer as well as appreciate its role. The information revolution of the twentieth century which has been brought about by advances in the computer technology has created an information society in which a ma.ority of the labour force is expected to hold information"related .obs. !gnorance about computers will rather render people functionally illiterate as does ignorance of reading, writing and arithmetic. This means that our society will depend heavily on information technology in many areas of work and personal life. 8ence, the new task of our schools is to familiarise pupils with applications of computers. A computer literate has an aid to problem solving in a variety of disciplines. This familiarity essentially involves an understanding of the use of facilities such as word processing, screen reading and the effective usage of files and data. !t also demands a limited comprehension of keyboard skills. 4nder this, keeping with the marching pace towards the promotion of literacy, the idea of providing knowledge about computers in schools was put into practise in the country through a pilot pro.ect called /ASS, B omputer /iteracy and Studies in SchoolsC in ,DEF, by the =overnment of !ndia as a .oint venture of the 6inistry 1f 8uman Resource &evelopment and the &epartment of #lectronics. Percenta&e o# Sc"oo%! "avin& E%ectricit' in +i%%a&e! ( P%annin& o# Auto$ation in Sc"oo%!( Tec"no%o&' in Sc"oo%! , "o %ia-%e(
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The interactive nature of computer based learning and the facility to individualise the learning experience, the needs of the learner are the two most important aspects of computer assisted learning. The capacity of the computer functions somewhat like a traditional teacher through the use of a suitable educational software. !n this mode, the computer can be used to teach the learner through tutorials, drill and practice, games, simulations or a combination of any of these strategies. -esides the computer can be programmed in such a way that tutorial lessons can be given to the pupils. With this, students will be able to learn at their own performance independent of the teacher. 4sing )uality educational software packages, good learning environment can be created in schools. As such, it is necessary for all citi$ens to understand what computers are capable of. Students should be aware of the many uses of computers, such as their use in teaching"learning, information storage and retrieval. Any country(s social and economic well"being depends entirely on how well e)uipped its people are for a literacy"intensive technology in order to promote overall )uality oriented academic excellence. !f computers can assist us in the teaching process then there is a good reason to welcome their appearance. 8ence, it is absolutely essential for all those involved in education to become computer literate. With the irritation of leakage of )uestion papers of academic arena, there appears a tough tasks to exist for the academicians. Accordingly, there appears to be a great phobia of the mass designing of the )uestion papers of 0 sets manually. The advent of the intelligent machine has led to the specific indispensable importance of computers in this regard. The )uestion paper setting assumes prime importance of computers in this regard. The )uestion paper setting assumes prime importance in the present education system. >eeping this concept in regard, there has been a recent development in order to pace the usage of computers, through the concepts of A:#S and 34#:S. A:#S, the omputer aided paperless examination system, offers firing of the multiple )uestions on the terminal to the candidate on a particular sub.ect, with the )uestions having been already fed into the machine by the authority concerned for the conduct of the examination. This system allows no cheating as the probability of flashing out a similar )uestion to a set of two candidates is one in every hundred. 8ere the candidate is not at all re)uired to have any working knowledge of computers, simply heA she has to press the right alternative key on the keypad. With this, there is no need of the officeA stationaryA !nvigilators etc. The usage of this system has

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revealed great success by the concerned authorities. The results are much more reliable and speedy as compared with the traditional type of examination. 1n the other hand, the recent development in this regard is the 34#:S, which is a prototype knowledge based system, for )uestion paper setting. This system also aims at modelling the human expertise, which is perishable, is affected by fatigue and pre.udices and lacks ability to duplicate with ease. :erhaps, in the domain of )uestion paper setting, deep knowledge may be available in the form of )uestion bank containing different types of )uestions framed on a particular sub.ect where they are made available in the form of units featuring essays, short type )uestions and the ob.ective )uestions. The 34#:S and A:#S offer the usage of ob.ective )uestions in terms of framing and designing items for testing. The )uestions are stored in a dynamic database, where each )uestion is stored as a predicate containing unit number, )uestion number and the corresponding attribute list. The attributes are stored as elements of a list. /ist handling predicates are used while comparing the attributes as also while updating the lists of each )uestion given out once. This is in accordance with the view that )uestions are never stored in the memory but are addressed or referred only through )uestion numbers. A Stud' on Deve%o)$ent o# IT SCENARIO in Sc"oo%!: !t may sound farfetched but the tests have revealed that it is more or less the true explanation that these systems offer plenty of scope for expansion in terms of the expertise contained in it, as also using more sophisticated mechanism to incorporate advanced concepts such as machine learning. Also in this domain the level of complexity of the system has risen up to the advanced levels of testing. A point which come to ponder over the introduction of this 8!"T# 8 concept in the field of academics, is of the limitation of its( being to the ob.ective system only. This again becomes tiresome for the sub.ective brand of system where every level of the answer is ranked in a different manner independent of any particular answer, which can be fed into the machine. The )uality in this direction is highlighted with the )uick declaration of results, regulari$ation of sessions and all in all bringing out overall satisfaction of the students and the parents. This further brings the profitable aspect of the organisation in long run as more and more fame is gathered for the same and the rush of admissions produce more revenue monetarily bringing boon the education industry at large. The capacity of any institution entirely depends upon the efficiency of the office staff working in within. >eeping this view in regard, it is one of the
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concerns of the management to give prime importance at times. !n any organisation, the )uality of work undertaken entirely depends upon the speedy conduct with the strong guiding motivation of the -1SS. -ut unfortunately, this has lagged far behind due to the increasing level of work load over the years to be conducted through the old tools like carbon, pencil, ruler and the hard key typewriters. 0ow, with the march of time, the very business environment has changed faster than ever before. The increased competition among organisations has led to the reappraisal of accepted business practices for higher efficiency. The attempts are being made to meet the competitive threat by reducing cost by rationali$ing production, shedding labour and restructuring business. These are complemented with investment in technology to improve productivity. -ut the huge bulk of commercial documents generated by companies in the trading cycle still remain locked in slow, anti)uated paperbound processes. &ocuments produced by one computer are printed and posted, only to be entered into the recipient(s computer " a time consuming, error prone and costly experience of exercise, estimated between FG A0& HG of the value of the goods traded. According to the principle of #lectronic &ata !nterchange, a 'sending computer(, usually located at a customer(s premises, uses telecommunications technology to transfer orders data instantly to the receiving computer, usually located at the supplier(s distribution centre. The received order data is then manipulated and formatted to match the order entry files in the order data base of the supplier. 0ext, the information is transferred into other database, with the generation of any appropriate error messages andA or exceptions reports. This technology can be very rightly applied to the transmittal of any business forms, including invoices and purchases orders. The 'sending computer( stores and follows up on it. The 'receiving( computer automatically transfers the data to the ware house, the factory, the accounting and billing departments and the shipping departments. Similarly, in the institutional base, the orders of the different books and deputed stationeries are accordingly ordered and assured of the deliveries. The electronic data interchange is vastly implemented in the trucking, marine shopping and air cargo industries in developed countries. !mplementation need not be expensive. All that a small organisation needs to have is a personal computer, a modem and telephone line and the necessary software. The day is not far off, when this very technology would create the concept of Total 3uality 6anagement BT36C, applicable to nearly all small scale business arenas as well.

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Re#erence!: (a). Blankstein, Alan M. Lessons from Enlightened Corporations. EDUCA !"#AL LEADE$%&!' (), * (Mar+h ,))-). /,0/1. EA 1-* 1*2. (3). Deming, 4. Ed5ards. "U "6 &E C$!%!%. Cam3ridge, Massa+h7setts. Massa+h7setts !nstit7te of e+hnolog8, ,)9*. 1:/ pages. (+). "lson, L8nn. ;7alit80Management Mo<ement %p7rs !nterest in #e5 A5ards for Ed7+ation. EDUCA !"# 4EE= ,,, -* (Mar+h ,9, ,))-a). (d). $hodes, Le5is A. "n the $oad to ;7alit8. EDUCA !"#AL LEADE$%&!' (), * (Mar+h ,))-). /*09:. EA 1-* 1*(. (e). ;7alit8 Learning thro7gh ;7alit8 ea+hing 38 Dheeraj Mehrotra 4e are 37ilding the pillars of o7r f7t7re generation and if the seedlings are 5ell fed the8 o7ght to prod7+e ;7alit8 $es7lts. > Dheeraj Mehrotra ...555.3olo?i.+om@anal8sis@:*).htm (f). Dheeraj Mehrotra 0 Contri37ting 5riter on Bolo?i.+om "pinion Attaining ;7alit8 hro7gh Litera+8 ...555.3olo?i.+om@5riters@dheera?mehrotra.htm (g). ;7alit8 Ed7+ation hro7gh !nformation e+hnolog8 0 M8th or $ealit8 B8 Dheeraj Mehrotra. Be it the last da8 of +ollege or the first da8 to a n7rser8 5ith the tiffin the onl8 +ontent of the 3ag, the stor8 of Comp7ter +an no ...555.addistri37ne.+om@Ar+hi<es@ -::-@:/@:10:/0:-@;7alit8.htm

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