Diss Rejunte PDF

MAX JbNGINGEk
kEJbNIAMENIO DE kEVESIIMENIOS CEkMICOS:

INFLbNCIA DAS JbNIAS DE ASSENIAMENIO
NA ESIA8ILIDADE DE FAINIS

Di::erIccc cpre:enIccc c E:cc|c
Fc|iIcnicc cc Univer:iccce ce Scc
Fcu|c pcrc cLIencc cc I|Iu|c ce
Me:Ire em Engenhcric

Scc Fcu|c
2003

MAX JbNGINGEk

kEJbNIAMENIO DE kEVESIIMENIOS CEkMICOS:
INFLbNCIA DAS JbNIAS DE ASSENIAMENIO
NA ESIA8ILIDADE DE FAINIS

Di::erIccc cpre:enIccc c E:cc|c
Fc|iIcnicc cc Univer:iccce ce Scc
Fcu|c pcrc cLIencc cc I|Iu|c ce
Me:Ire em Engenhcric.

rec ce ccncenIrccc:
Engenhcric Civi|

CrienIcccr:
Frcf Dr. Jcnc: Si|ve:Ire Meceirc:

Scc Fcu|c
2003

FICHA CAIALOGkFICA

Junginger, Max
Rejuntamento de revestimentos cermicos: influncia das
juntas de assentamento na estabilidade de painis / Max Junginger. -- So
Paulo, 2003. Edio Revisada.
141 p.

Dissertao (Mestrado) - Escola Politcnica da Universidade
de So Paulo. Departamento de Engenharia de Construo Civil.

1.Rejunte 2.Revestimento cermico 3.Juntas de assentamento
4.Placa cermica 5.Patologia das construes 6.Eflorescncia
I.Universidade de So Paulo. Escola Politcnica. Departamento de
Engenharia de Construo Civil II.t.

E:Ie exemp|cr fci revi:ccc e c|Ierccc em re|ccc c ver:cc criginc|, :cL
re:pcn:cLi|iccce nicc cc cuIcr e ccm cnuncic ce :eu crienIcccr.

Scc Fcu|c, 18 ce cgc:Ic ce 2003.

/::incIurc cc cuIcr: ____________________________________________
Mcx Junginger

/::incIurc cc crienIcccr: ____________________________________________
Jcnc: Si|ve:Ire Meceirc:

AGkADECIMENIOS

Dizem ue e:pecic|i:Ic cue|e ue :cLe uc:e Iucc :cLre uc:e nccc e
ue :uper-e:pecic|i:Ic cue|e ue :cLe cL:c|uIcmenIe Iucc :cLre
cL:c|uIcmenIe nccc. /grccec pcr e::e Iempc ce ccnv|vic cui nc me:Irccc,
ue me en:incu ue pc::|ve| ccnIrcricr e::c cfirmccc e ce:envc|ver mcicr
ccnhecimenIc :em chegcr c umc vi:cc cLIu:c cc vicc.

/grccec
c Nic, minhc mcicr incenIivcccrc cc |cngc ce::e: Ir: cnc: ce e:Iucc::
cc prcf Dr. Jcnc: Si|ve:Ire Meceirc:, crienIcccr ce:Ie IrcLc|hc, pe|c: :uc:
cr|Iicc: perIinenIe: e pe|c incicccc cc rumc c :eguir nc IrcLc|hc experimenIc|:
cc prcf. Dr. Ferncncc Henriue ScLLcIini ue, IcnIc nc vicc ccccmicc
ucnIc prcfi::icnc|, ccnIriLuiu pcrc meu cprimcrcmenIc ccmc pe:ui:cccr.
/cemci:, pe|c: :uc: cr|Iicc: e pe|c :uc cecicccc nc |eiIurc ce:Ie IrcLc|hc
curcnIe :eu ce:envc|vimenIc:
cc: cemci: prcfe::cre: ue ce c|gumc fcrmc cc|cLcrcrcm ccm meu
IrcLc|hc, em pcrIicu|cr c prcf. Drc. Mrcic, prcf. Dr. S||vic Me|hccc, prcf. Dr. /nIcnic
Figueirecc e prcf. Dr. Vchcn /gcpycn:
cc: cc|egc: cc pc: grccuccc, pe|c: inmerc: ccnver:c: e :uge:Ice:, em
e:pecic| c Lucicnc C|iveirc, F|cvic Mcrcnhcc, rikc Hc|cncc, C|cucic Nc:cimenIc,
C|crice Degcni, Mcur|cic Mcrue: Fe:ence e /mcury /nIune: ce Siueirc Jr.:
cc: funcicncric: cc |cLcrcIcric, Feginc|cc, /ci|:cn, Dcrvc|, FencIc e :eu
Jccc, pcr :e mc:Ircrem :empre :c||ciIc: e :em c: uci: meu IrcLc|hc Ieric :icc
muiIc mci: cif|ci|:
c FcIimc, :ecreIcric cc pc:, c: LiL|icIeccric: e em e:pecic| c Engrccic pe|c
:uc cjucc ccn:IcnIe e inccn:cve|:
c F/FESF, pe|c impre:cinc|ve| cpcic fincnceirc nc cux||ic c pe:ui:c e
c C/FES, pe|c Icc nece::cric Lc|:c ce me:Irccc:
enfim, c Iccc: c: ue ncc pcrIicipcrcm cireIcmenIe cc IrcLc|hc, mc:
fcrcm cuvinIe: per:piccze: em hcrc: ce nece::iccce.

kESbMO

E:Ie IrcLc|hc cpre:enIc umc revi:cc LiL|icgrcficc c re:peiIc cc: rejunIe:
pcrc reve:IimenIc cercmicc. / ncmenc|cIurc inIernccicnc| exp|crccc e c: Iipc:
ce rejunIe e :eu: empregc: :cc enumerccc:. Fcrc emLc:cr c |eiIcr :cLre c reve:-
IimenIc cercmicc, c: principci: ccnceiIc: c e|e re|ccicnccc: :cc exiLicc: ce fcrmc
:ucinIc.
Umc vez ue c rejunIe um ccmpcnenIe impcrIcnIe cc reve:IimenIc ce-
rcmicc, :uc: funce: cenIrc ce::e :uL:i:Iemc :cc cLcrcccc: em ceIc|he:. C c:-
pecIc ce c||vic ce Ien:ce: cmp|cmenIe ccmenIccc, umc vez ue e::c umc
funcc e::encic| cc rejunIe, pcrIicu|crmenIe nc cc:c ce fcchccc:.
/c finc|, :cc cLcrcccc: c: c:pecIc: ce prepcrc e cp|icccc cc: rejunIe:,
pcrIicu|crmenIe c: prccuIc: cimenI|cic:. C rejunIcmenIc ce |ccci: e:pec|ficc:,
ccmc enccnIrc: ccm :e|cnIe: e inIerfcce: ccm cpcre|hc: :cniIcric: :cc ceIc|hc-
cc: ccm vi:Ic: c ciminuicc cc cccrrncic ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc: fuIurc:.
Nc IrcLc|hc experimenIc|, pcini: em fcrmc ce |cje reve:Iicc: ccm p|ccc:
cercmicc: :cc :uLmeIicc: c f|excc cI c cccrrncic ce ce:p|cccmenIc, cLjeIi-
vcncc ceIecIcr uc| c inf|uncic cc |crgurc cc junIc e cc Iipc ce crgcmc::c cce-
:ivc nc rupIurc cc ccrpc-ce-prcvc. C: re:u|Iccc: inciccm ue c |crgurc cc: junIc:
ce c::enIcmenIc c::umem impcrIcncic cpenc: ucncc c crgcmc::c cce:ivc
cpre:enIc c|Ic re:i:Incic ce ccerncic.

A8SIkACI

Ihi: :Iucy pre:enI: c LiL|icgrcphicc| revi:icn regcrcing Ihe cercmic Ii|e
grcuI:. Here, Ihe inIerncIicnc| ncmenc|cIure i: exp|crec cnc Ihe Iype: cf grcuI: c:
we|| c: iI: emp|cymenI: cre enumercIec. Ic Lc:e Ihe reccer cn Ihe cercmic Ii|e
c|cccing, iI: mcin ccncepI: cre :hcwn :uccincI|y.
8eing Ihe grcuI cn impcrIcnI ccmpcnenI cf Ihe cercmic Ii|e c|cccing, iI:
funcIicn: in Ihi: :uL:y:Iem cre Lrccchec in ceIci|:. Ihe c:pecI cf :Ire:: re|ief i: wice|y
menIicnec, fcr Ihi: i: cn e::enIic| funcIicn cf grcuI, pcrIicu|cr|y in Ihe cc:e cf fc-
cce:.
ln Ihe enc, Ihe c:pecI: cf Ihe prepcrcIicn cnc Ihe cpp|iccIicn cf grcuI: cre
Lrccchec, pcrIicu|cr|y Ihe cemenIiIicu: prccucI:. Ihe grcuIing cf :pecific p|cce:
:uch c: meeIing: cf :ec|cnI: cnc inIerfcce: wiIh :cniIcry cevice: i: ceIci|ec viewing
Ihe cecrec:e cf Ihe cccurrence cf fuIure prcL|em:.
ln Ihe experimenIc| :Iucy, pcne|: in f|cg:Icne fcrm Ii|ec wiIh cercmic p|cIe:
cre :uLmiIIec Ic f|exicn unIi| Ihe cccurrence cf rupIure cf Ihe:e pcne|:, ciming Ic
ceIecI Ihe inf|uence cf Ihe jcinI Ihickne:: cnc cf Ihe Iype cf Ihe cche:ive mcrIcr in
Ihe rupIure cf Ihe :cmp|e. Ihe re:u|I: inciccIe IhcI Ihe ne:Iing jcinI Ihickne:: cn|y
c::ume: impcrIcnce when Ihe cche:ive mcrIcr pre:enI: high re:i:Icnce cf ccher-
ence.

I
SbMkIO

Ll5IA DF FlGJkA5............................................................................................................lV
Ll5IA DF IA8FLA5 ............................................................................................................Vl
Ll5IA DF A8kFVlAIJkA5 F 5lGLA5 ................................................................................Vll
Ll5IA DF 5M8OLO5........................................................................................................Vll
l. lNIkODJO............................................................................................................ 1
I.1. Just|||cot|vo do trobo|ho........................................................................................ 2
I.2. Objet|vos e estruturo do trobo|ho........................................................................ 5
ll. kFJJNIF F kFVF5IlMFNIO CFkMlCO.................................................................. 7
II.1. Introduo oo revest|mento cerm|co oder|do................................................
ll.1.1. Ccmccc ce regu|crizccc............................................................................11
ll.1.2. Ccmccc ce fixccc........................................................................................11
ll.1.2.1. /rgcmc::c: cc:ccc: em cLrc................................................................................... 12
ll.1.2.2. /rgcmc::c: cce:ivc: incu:Iric|izccc: ...................................................................... 12
ll.1.2.3. Fc:Ic: ce re:inc: e re:inc: ce reccc ..................................................................... 13
ll.1.3. Ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc.............................................................................13
II.2. kejuntes poro revest|mento cerm|co.............................................................. 17
II.3. kequ|s|tos comuns oos d||erentes t|pos de rejunte ......................................... 18
II.4. I|pos de rejunte.................................................................................................... 21
ll.4.1. FejunIe: c Lc:e ce cimenIc..........................................................................22
ll.4.1.1. FejunIe: cc:ccc: em cLrc.......................................................................................... 23
ll.4.1.2. FejunIe: incu:Iric|izccc: ............................................................................................... 24
ll.4.2. FejunIe: ce Lc:e crgcnicc............................................................................28
ll.4.2.1. FejunIe epcxi ................................................................................................................... 28
ll.4.2.2. FejunIe: e:pecici: .......................................................................................................... 31
ll.4.2.3. Se|cnIe: c Lc:e ce :i|iccne e c Lc:e ce ureIcnc: ............................................... 33
II.5. Gu|o poro se|eo de rejuntes .......................................................................... 33
lll. FJNF5 DO kFJJNIF DF kFVF5IlMFNIO5 CFkMlCO5............................... 35
III.1. Aux|||or no desempenho estt|co do revest|mento........................................ 37
III.2. Estobe|ecer regu|or|dode super||c|o| ................................................................ 38

II
III.3. Compensor vor|oo de b|to|o e |oc|||tor ossentomento dos p|ocos.......... 3
III.4. Vedor o revest|mento cerm|co........................................................................ 40
III.5. Ferm|t|r d||uso de vopor de guo.................................................................... 44
III.. Froporc|onor o|v|o de tenses .......................................................................... 45
lll..1. Feve:IimenIc cercmicc :ujeiIc c Irccc....................................................4
lll..2. Feve:IimenIc cercmicc :ujeiIc c ccmpre::cc..........................................4
lll..2.1. Feve:IimenIc: hcrizcnIci: :ujeiIc: c ccmpre::cc ................................................. 51
lll..2.2. Feve:IimenIc: verIicci: :ujeiIc: c ccmpre::cc...................................................... 53
lll..3. lnIercepencncic enIre ccmccc: ..............................................................0
III.7. Ot|m|zor o odernc|o dos p|ocos...................................................................... 2
lV. ICNlCA DF AFLlCAO DO kFJJNIF ........................................................... 4
IV.1. Freporo dos juntos de ossentomento ........................................................... 5
IV.2. Freporo do rejunte...........................................................................................
IV.3. Ap||coo do rejunte...................................................................................... 8
IV.4. Deto|hes de op||coo do rejunte ................................................................ 71
lV.4.1. EnccnIrc ccm junIc: ce ci|cIccc...............................................................72
lV.4.2. lnIerfcce: enIre p|cnc: e mcIerici: ci:IinIc:...............................................74
lV.4.3. E:cccc: ..............................................................................................................78
lV.4.4. Jcne|c:................................................................................................................7
lV.4.5. Fi:cinc:................................................................................................................83
V. FkOGkAMA FXFFklMFNIAL .............................................................................. 87
V.1. Corocter|zoo dos rejuntes.............................................................................. 88
V.1.1. FeIrccc |inecr .................................................................................................0
V.1.2. F|exiLi|iccce {cefcrmccc Ircn:ver:c|) .......................................................2
V.1.3. McnchcmenIc..................................................................................................4
V.1.4. Fe:i:Incic ce ccerncic...............................................................................5
V.1.5. Ccmpre::cc e mccu|c ce cefcrmccc e:IcIicc.....................................8
V.1.. FeIencc ce cguc........................................................................................100
V.2. Enso|os de ||exo de po|n|s............................................................................ 101
Vl. CON5lDFkAF5 FlNAl5 ................................................................................. 111
VI.1. Coptu|o 2: rejunte e revest|mento cerm|co ............................................ 112
VI.2. Coptu|o 3: |unes do rejunte..................................................................... 113

III
VI.3. Coptu|o 4: Icn|co de op||coo............................................................... 114
VI.4. Coptu|o 5: Frogromo Exper|mento| ............................................................ 11
VI.5. Cons|deroes gero|s e sugesto poro novos trobo|hos......................... 117
Vll. ANFXO A: O FFNMFNO DA FFLOkF5CNClA............................................ 120
Ll5IA DF kFFFkNClA5 ................................................................................................. 134
NDlCF ALFA8IlCO F kFMl55lVO.............................................................................. 140

IV
LISIA DE FIGbkAS

F|gu|c |.!. F:ccc cc: en:c|c: c :e|en |ec||zccc: nc p|cg|cnc expe||nentc|..............................5
F|gu|c ||.!. Fc|nc: nc |eve:t|nentc ce|cn|cc.........................................................................................
F|gu|c ||.2. Fc|te: ccn:t|tu|nte: cc |eve:t|nentc ce|cn|cc cce||cc................................................!0
F|gu|c |||.!. Accccnentc p|cnc e n|ve|ccc cc: untc: ......................................................................3
F|gu|c |||.2. |n||unc|c cc |c|gu|c cc: untc: nc e:tt|cc cc |eve:t|nentc.....................................38
F|gu|c |||.3. Accccnentc |||:ccc en p|ccc: cncn||ccc: ..................................................................3
F|gu|c |||.4. Ccnc|ce: pc|c |euntcnentc ccn|c|ne |c|gu|c cc untc..........................................42
F|gu|c |||.5. D||ctccc t|n|cc ce unc p|ccc ce|cn|cc c::entccc...............................................4
F|gu|c |||.. D||ctccc t|n|cc ce vc||c: p|ccc: ce|cn|cc: c::entccc: ........................................48
F|gu|c |||.. Fc|c que |npece ||cnccgen cc |eve:t|nentc (cccptccc cc 8FF. !} ............48
F|gu|c |||.8. A::entcnentc cc: p|ccc: ccn c cux||c ce e:pcccc|e: p|c:t|cc: ..........................50
F|gu|c |||.. /cnentc ||etc| :cc|e unc |ce p|cnc...............................................................................52
F|gu|c |||.!0. F|cnccgen cc |eve:t|nentc ce|cn|cc :ue|tc c ccnp|e::cc.................................52
F|gu|c |||.!!. Fc|ece :ue|tc c ccnp|e::cc ...........................................................................................53
F|gu|c |||.!2. Detc|ne cc |eve:t|nentc...................................................................................................53
F|gu|c |||.!3. A|gun: |ctc|e: que |n||uenc|cn nc |c|gu|c cc: untc: ce c::entcnentc................0
F|gu|c |||.!4. enpc: nn|nc: ce cu|c |eccnencccc: pc|c execucc cc |eve:t|nentc .........!
F|gu|c |||.!5. F:ccc cc cncc|cgen neccn|cc cc c|gcnc::c cc :uc:t|ctc...............................3
F|gu|c |V.!. Juntc: ce c::entcnentc ||npc: ccn e:ccvc ce ce|cc: p|c:t|cc:............................5
F|gu|c |V.2. Ap||cccc cc |eunte...........................................................................................................0
F|gu|c |V.3. Feunte cp||cccc..................................................................................................................0
F|gu|c |V.4. L|npezc |n|c|c| cc: p|ccc: ..................................................................................................0
F|gu|c |V.5. Apc|nc|c cp: ||npezc.....................................................................................................0
F|gu|c |V.. Accccnentc cc |eunte nc: untc: ce c||ctccc.........................................................3
F|gu|c |V.. D|:pc:|ce: cc :e|cnte nc untc ce c||ctccc (cccptccc cc AS/ C !!3. !5}3
F|gu|c |V.8. Detc|ne cc enccnt|c p|:c/pc|ece....................................................................................4
F|gu|c |V.. Detc|ne cc enccnt|c ccn p||c|e: .....................................................................................5
F|gu|c |V.!0. Detc|ne cc enccnt|c ce tucc: pc::cnte: (|c|c:}.........................................................
F|gu|c |V.!!. Detc|ne cc enccnt|c ccn cpc|e|nc: :cn|tc||c:...........................................................
F|gu|c |V.!2. Detc|ne cc |euntcnentc ce e:cccc............................................................................8
F|gu|c |V.!3. Detc|ne ce e:cccc ccn ceg|cu: en ce|cn|cc.........................................................
F|gu|c |V.!4. F||c|e:cnc|c en e:cccc ccu:ccc pe|c |n|||t|ccc ce cguc..................................
F|gu|c |V.!5. Detc|ne ce un pe|tc||| ce cne|c ....................................................................................8!
F|gu|c |V.!. V|:tc: en p|cntc ce unc |cte|c| ce cne|c...................................................................82
F|gu|c |V.!. Detc|ne ce cne|c ..............................................................................................................82
F|gu|c |V.!8. Detc|ne ce cne|c ..............................................................................................................82
F|gu|c |V.!. Detc|ne cc: t|pc: ce enccnt|c cc tcpc cc cne|c ccn c |ccnccc .......................83
F|gu|c V.!. F:ccc cc CF ut|||zccc nc en:c|c ce |et|ccc...............................................................0

V
F|gu|c V.2. G|c||cc cc |et|ccc ce un ne:nc |eunte :cc cuc: ccnc|ce:. pu|c e cc|t|vccc
......................................................................................................................................................................!
F|gu|c V.3. F:ccc cc en:c|c ce ||ex|c|||ccce (ce|c|nccc t|cn:ve|:c|}......................................2
F|gu|c V.4. F|nc: ccn|ecc|cnccc: en FVC......................................................................................3
F|gu|c V.5. Fn:c|c ce ||ex|c|||ccce..........................................................................................................3
F|gu|c V.. Fn:c|c ce ncncncnentc....................................................................................................5
F|gu|c V.. Feunte ncncnccc cp: ||npezc......................................................................................5
F|gu|c V.8. Ace|nc|c :cc|e :uc:t|ctc pcc|cc....................................................................................
F|gu|c V.. Ace|nc|c :cc|e p|ccc ce|cn|cc.....................................................................................
F|gu|c V.!0. Fuptu|c cc :uc:t|ctc pcc|cc............................................................................................8
F|gu|c V.!!. Cuec|c cc :uc:t|ctc pc| ||excc.......................................................................................8
F|gu|c V.!2. F:ccc cc en:c|c ce ccnp|e::cc ..................................................................................
F|gu|c V.!3. F|nc cc en:c|c ce |etencc........................................................................................!00
F|gu|c V.!4. Fn:c|c ce |etencc ce cguc..........................................................................................!00
F|gu|c V.!5. Fn:c|c ce |etencc cccptccc.......................................................................................!0!
F|gu|c V.!. Fn:c|c ccn pcp|: c||e|ente:.........................................................................................!0!
F|gu|c V.!. F|::u|c en |eunte c|ccnpcnente..................................................................................!0!
F|gu|c V.!8. F|::u|c en |eunte c|ccnpcnente..................................................................................!0!
F|gu|c V.!. F:ccc cc cc|pc ce p|cvc en:c|ccc nunc p|en:c n|c|cu||cc...............................!02
F|gu|c V.20. Detc|ne: cc e:t|utu|c cc cc|pc-ce-p|cvc...................................................................!03
F|gu|c V.2!. Detc|ncnentc cc ccc.....................................................................................................!04
F|gu|c V.22. F:ccc cc: |ce: |eve:t|cc: .............................................................................................!04
F|gu|c V.23. CF ccn p|ccc: 20x20cn.................................................................................................!05
F|gu|c V.24. Fc:|c|cncnentc cc: nec|cc|e: .....................................................................................!05
F|gu|c V.25. Detc|ne cc ce|c|nccc cc c|gcnc::c cce:|vc pc| ||excc cc :uc:t|ctc ...........!0
F|gu|c V.2. Detc|ne cc ce|c|nccc cc |eunte pc| ||excc cc :uc:t|ctc...................................!0
F|gu|c V.2. |n||unc|c cc |c|gu|c cc untc nc e:tcc|||ccce cc |eve:t|nentc............................!0
F|gu|c V.28. Fuptu|c cc ccc ce cp||cccc cc cc|gc ....................................................................!!0
F|gu|c V|.!. F|cpc:tc ce en:c|c ce ccnp|e::cc ce pc|n|: ve|t|cc|: ...........................................!!
F|gu|c A.!. F||c|e:cnc|c nc p|c cct|:nc| ce unc |g|ec................................................................!32
F|gu|c A.2. F||c|e:cnc|c en e:cccc exte|nc...................................................................................!33
F|gu|c A.3. F||c|e:cnc|c nc e:tccc cc net| V||c /ccc|enc en Scc Fcu|c..........................!33
F|gu|c A.4. F||c|e:cnc|c en |ccnccc: ce ec||c|c: ........................................................................!33
F|gu|c A.5. F||c|e:cnc|c en p|:c ce c|c:|c....................................................................................!33

VI

LISIA DE IA8ELAS

cce|c ||.!. G|upc: ce cc:c|cc ce cguc :eguncc c N8F !38! (A8N. !} ...........................!4
cce|c ||.2. C|c::e: ce |e:|:tnc|c c cc|c:cc :eguncc c N8F !38!8 (A8N. !} .......................!5
cce|c ||.3. C|c::e: ce |e:|:tnc|c qun|cc :eguncc c N8F !38!8 (A8N. !} ...........................!
cce|c ||.4. C|c::e: ce |e:|:tnc|c c ncncnc: :eguncc c N8F !38!8 (A8N. !} .....................!
cce|c ||.5. F||ncp|c: cc p|cetc ce untc: (cccptccc cc 8FF. !2} ............................................!8
cce|c ||.. Feunte: cc:ccc: en cc|c .................................................................................................23
cce|c ||.. Feunte: |ncu:t||c||zccc: ......................................................................................................25
cce|c ||.8. A|gun: cc: |eunte: c|nentc|c: c|:pcnve|: nc ne|cccc.............................................28
cce|c ||.. Fe:|:tnc|c qun|cc cc |eunte epx| (Cuc|tzc||t. 2003}................................................2
cce|c ||.!0. Ccnpc:tc: e:pec|c|: pc|c |euntcnentc e c::entcnentc (FCSFCC. 2002} .........32
cce|c ||.!!. Fequ|:|tc: ce |eunte: c|gcn|cc: (cccptccc cc AS/ C58. !8} .........................33
cce|c ||.!2. Gu|c pc|c :e|ecc ce |eunte: (cccptccc cc CA. 2002. p.!!}...............................34
cce|c |||.!. Lc|gu|c ce untc: ce c::entcnentc (cccptccc cc |C. !8} ..................................4
cce|c |||.2. C|c::|||cccc cc ce|cn|cc p/ |eve:t. - cccptccc ce Fc|ncnc||. |ne|||n| (!8} .50
cce|c |||.3. Ccu:c: ce ce|c|ncce: nc |eve:t|nentc e p|czc: envc|v|cc: .................................5
cce|c |||.4. Fctc|e: cg|cvcnte: e ctenucnte: ce cgente: ce ceg|ccccc................................58
cce|c |||.5. Ccnp|e::cc :cc|e c ccnccc ce cccccnentc ..........................................................5
cce|c V.!. Fe:unc cc: en:c|c: ce cc|ccte||zccc e |e:pect|vc: nc|nc: ut|||zccc: ................8
cce|c V.2. Ccnve|:cc cc vc|c| p|ct|cc ce cc|t|vc pc|c c |e|ccc pc|ne|c/c|nentc (p/c} ..0
cce|c V.3. Fet|ccc cc: |eunte: nc: |ccce: ce !. e 2! c|c: |e:pect|vcnente (nn/n} ......!
cce|c V.4. Fn:c|c: ce ||ex|c|||ccce cc |eunte cc: 28 e cc: !4 c|c: (||ecnc: en nn} ..............3
cce|c V.5. Fe:|:tnc|c ce cce|nc|c (p|ccc: ce pc|ce|cnctc} :cc|e :uc:t|ctc pcc|cc (/Fc}
......................................................................................................................................................................
cce|c V.. Fe:|:tnc|c ce cce|nc|c (p|ccc: ce :en|-g|:} :cc|e :uc:t|ctc pcc|cc (/Fc} ...
cce|c V.. Fe:|:tnc|c ce cce|nc|c cc: !4 c|c: :cc|e p|ccc e:nc|tccc (/Fc}......................
cce|c V.8. Fe:|:tnc|c c ccnp|e::cc (/Fc}......................................................................................
cce|c V.. /cu|c ce ce|c|nccc cc: 28 c|c: (/Fc}..................................................................!00
cce|c V.!0. F:pec|||cccc cc: |ce: en:c|ccc: c ||excc...............................................................!04
cce|c V.!!. Fe:u|tccc: cc: en:c|c: ce ||excc ce pc|n|: (||ecnc: en cn} ..............................!08
cce|c V.!2. Anc||:e cc: en:c|c: ce ||excc ce pc|n|:....................................................................!0
cce|c V|.!. Suge:tcc pc|c ncvc: en:c|c: ce ||excc ce |ce:........................................................!!8
cce|c A.!. Sc|: envc|v|cc: nc |ennenc cc e||c|e:cnc|c..........................................................!24
cce|c A.2. Sc|uc|||ccce en cguc ce c|gun: ccnpc:tc: qun|cc: (FFLFF. !4}....................!25
cce|c A.3. Sc|: cc e||c|e:cnc|c ccn c||gen nc c|gcnc::c (cccptccc cc |C. !4}........!2
cce|c A.4. |pc: ce :c|: eventuc|nente p|e:ente: en ncte||c| ce|cn|cc (ncncz. !0} ...!2
cce|c A.5. Fc|nc: ce ncn||e:tccc cc e||c|e:cnc|c (cccptccc ce ncncz. !0} ...........!28

VII

LISIA DE A8kEVIAIbkAS E SIGLAS

/8NI A::cciccc 8rc:i|eirc ce Ncrmc: Icnicc:
/NF/CEF A::cciccc Nccicnc| cc: FALriccnIe: ce CErcmicc pcrc keve:IimenIc
/NSl Americcn NcIicnc| SIcnccrc: In:IiIuIe
/S nnn Au:Irc|icn SIcnccrc nnn
/SIM Americcn SccieIy fcr Ie:Iing cnc McIeric|:
8FE 8riIi:h ke:ecrch E:IcL|i:hmenI
8S nnn 8riIi:h SIcnccrc nnnn
8Sl 8riIi:h SIcnccrc: In:IiIuIe
CFDCC CenIrc ce Fe:qui:c e De:envc|vimenIc em Ccn:Irucc Civi|
EFl EuipcmenIc ce FrcIecc Incivicuc|
EFU Expcn:cc Fcr bmiccce
lF/ IniIic| kcIe cf AL:crpIicn
lIC In:IiIuIc ce Iecnc|cgic Cercmicc
lSC InIerncIicnc| OrgcnizcIicn fcr SIcnccrcizcIicn
n.c. ncc divu|gccc
N8F Ncrmc 8kc:i|eirc
FEl Fcrce|cin Encme| In:IiIuIe

LISIA DE SM8OLOS

cceficienIe ce ci|cIccc Irmicc |inecr
rcic ce curvcIurc
Ien:cc ncrmc|
cefcrmccc e:pec|ficc
L vcriccc ce ccmprimenIc
vcriccc ce IempercIurc
E mccu|c ce cefcrmccc
F fcrc
l mcmenIc ce inrcic
kN 1000 N
M mcmenIc f|eIcr
GFc Gigc Fc:cc| {10
N/m
2
)
MFc Megc Fc:cc| {10
N/m
2
)

l.

lNIkODJO

F
c
n
I
e
:

h
I
I
p
:
/
/
w
w
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Ju:IificcIivc cc IrcLc|hc
1. lNIFCDU/C
2
O IFMFO 5FMFkF F5CA55O. A55lM, FONDFkF-O 5A8lAMFNIF
FNIkF A5 IAkFFA5 DF MAlOk VALOk.
FrcvrLic chin:

I.1. JbSIIFICAIIVA DO IkA8ALHO
cccLcmenIc ccericc ce umc pcrece {cu pi:c) pcce :er cccc Lc:i-
ccmenIe ce Ir: mcneirc: ci:IinIc:: crgcmc::c ceccrcIivc
1
, pinIurc e
reve:IimenIc em p|ccc: cercmicc: cu p|ccc: ce rcchc. C reve:IimenIc cercmicc,
pcr :uc vez, uIi|izccc em vcric: e:Iccc: Lrc:i|eirc:, me:mc pcrue c: p|ccc: ce-
rcmicc: :cc ccmpcnenIe: Lc:IcnIe re:i:IenIe: c: inIemprie: e ncc nece::iIcm ce
cccpIcce: re|ccicnccc: ccm c: ciferenIe: |ccc|izcce: gecgrcficc:. Scc c|Ic-
menIe curcvei:, ce e:IIicc cgrcccve| e ce fcci| mcnuIencc.
Ccm c prcgre::c cc: Iecnc|cgic: ce fcLricccc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, c
reve:IimenIc cercmicc ccericc vem gcnhcncc mcicr vc|cr cgregccc e ncvc:
ccmpc: ce cp|icccc, pc::cncc pe|c reve:IimenIc ce peuenc: cmLienIe: re:i-
cencici: inIernc: cI c reve:IimenIc ce pi:c: incu:Irici: ccm c|Ic: exigncic: ce
ce:empenhc. E::e fcIc, c|m ce exigir mcicr uc|iccce cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:
ccmc ccmpcnenIe: cc reve:IimenIc, imp|icc em umc civer:iccce e|evccc ce
prccuIc: uIi|izccc: nc c::enIcmenIc e rejunIcmenIc.
EnIreIcnIc, me:mc c c|Ic uc|iccce cc: ccmpcnenIe: incivicuci: ncc :u-
ficienIe pcrc gcrcnIir c ce:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cp|icccc :e ncc
exi:Iir: c) umc meIccc|cgic cceuccc ce ccnIrc|e e ce cp|icccc e L) ccnheci-
menIc Icnicc c|icerccc em firme: Lc:e: Iecnc|cgicc: e experimenIci: ue :u:-
IenIem c e|cLcrccc ce um prcjeIc cceuccc. /::im, c :uce::c ce um reve:Ii-
menIc cercmicc ccericc cepence em grcnce pcrIe ce um prcgrcmc ce uc|i-
ccce imp|emenIccc em Iccc: c: n|vei: ce prcjeIc e prccucc.
Me:mc ccm e::e: ccnceiIc: ccnhecicc:, Meceirc: {1) :c|ienIc ue c
u:c ce reve:IimenIc: cercmicc: nc e:Iccc ce SF vem ciminuincc principc|menIe
pcr ccu:c cc cre:cenIe nmerc ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc: c e|e c::cciccc:.
Nc Ncrce:Ie cc pc|:, c: pcucc: ecif|cic: ccm cccLcmenIc em pinIurc em cmLi-

1
EnIencc-:e crgcmc::c ceccrcIivc ccmc :encc: Fu|geI, mc::c rc:pccc, mcncccpc, |cve|t|nc. G|c||-
cttc e cuIrc: ccmLincce: execuIccc: em crgcmc::c ccm cccLcmenIc: e:pec|ficc:.
C
1. lNIFCDU/C
3
enIe: ce cr|c mcr|Iimc :cc ccnhecicc: pe|c :uc Lcixc curcLi|iccce frenIe cc: ue
cpre:enIcm reve:IimenIc cercmicc nc fcchccc.
/c enccnIrc cc infcrmccc ce Meceirc: {1), CcmpcnIe {2001) ciIc ue
cpenc: 17,7 cc: ecif|cic: nc grcnce Scc Fcu|c Iivercm reve:IimenIc cercmicc
nc: fcchccc: e ue e::c pcrcenIcgem vem ciminuincc em ccn:encic ce c:
prcL|emc: e:Icrem cumenIcncc, cu :ejc, c pc::|ve| ceficincic cc Iecnc|cgic nc:
eIcpc: ce cp|icccc e cccLcmenIc pcce e:Icr ccnIriLuincc pcrc c fcrmccc ce
umc imcgem negcIivc ce::e Iipc ce reve:IimenIc.
C: inmerc: cc:c: ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc:, e:pc|hccc: pe|c 8rc:i| e
pe|c muncc, muiIc: veze: :cc ccrrigicc: :em ue :e e:IcLe|ecm c|crcmenIe c:
ccu:c: cc fencmenc, Icrncncc-c: crcnicc:. /|gun: ce::e: cefeiIc: e:Icc re|ccic-
nccc: cc rejunIcmenIc, ue re|egccc c um p|cnc ce mencr impcrIcncic cc
ue c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: e execuIccc :em preccupccc ccm c: c:pec-
Ic: Icnicc:. / hcLi|iccce cc cp|iccccr, repre:enIccc muiIc: veze: pe|c experin-
cic prcIicc cLIicc :em uc|uer IreincmenIc, cccLc prevc|ecencc :cLre c Icni-
cc ccrreIc ce cp|icccc.
EmLcrc c: prcL|emc: ccm c reve:IimenIc pccem :er vcriccc:, ce:ce :im-
p|e: ef|cre:cncic: pc::cgeirc: cI c ccmp|eIc ce:p|cccmenIc, 8cwmcn: We:I-
gcIe {12) enfcIizcm ue c :urgimenIc ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc: ncc e:Ic
re|ccicnccc c umc nicc ccu:c, mc: umc :cmcIcric ce fcIcre: ue, ucncc
ccicicnccc:, cu|mincm ccm c :urgimenIc ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc:. Fcce-:e
ccnc|uir, enIcc, ue c uc|iccce e c curcLi|iccce cc: reve:IimenIc: cercmicc:
e:Icc fcrIemenIe |igccc: cc p|cnejcmenIc e e:cc|hc cc: mcIerici:, c uc|iccce
cc mcIeric| e cc ccn:Irucc e c mcnuIencc cc reve:IimenIc cc |cngc ce :uc
vicc Ii|.
Umc vez ue c ccrrecc ce prcL|emc: nc: reve:IimenIc: ce fcchccc en-
vc|ve cu:Ic: e|evccc: ce mcnuIencc, preju|zc pcrc c imcgem cc empreenci-
menIc e cI pcrc c imcgem cc ccn:IruIcrc, Icrnc-:e |mpcr c nece::iccce cc :i:-
IemcIizccc ce fcIcre: ue minimizem c pc::iLi|iccce cc :urgimenIc ce mcnife:-
Icce: pcIc|cgicc: ce::e Iipc.
E::e: fcIcre: pccem :er exIernc: cu inIernc: cc ecif|cic, cu :ejc, pccem Ier
crigem nc meic cmLienIe cu nc prcpric ccmpcrIcmenIc ccmp|exc cc ecificccc
e ce Iccc: c: :eu: :uL:i:Iemc:. /::im, ccmc fcIcre: exIernc: pcce-:e ciIcr: chcue
Irmicc, chuvc, venIc, gc:e:, crgcni:mc: Lic|cgicc: eIc. e ccmc fcIcre: inIernc::
cefcrmccc |enIc cc e:IruIurc, cefcrmcce: ciferencic: enIre e|emenIc: ci:IinIc:,
1. lNIFCDU/C
4
cic|c: ce ccnIrccc e expcn:cc cc ecif|cic ceccrrenIe: ce cccmcccce: higrc-
Irmicc:.
Iccc: e::e: cgenIe: cgre::ivc: cccLcm pcr Ier grcnce impccIc :cLre c
ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc {p|ccc: cercmicc: e rejunIe), mc: c rejunIe cimenI|cic,
pe|c: :uc: prcpric: ccrccIer|:Iicc: f|:icc-u|micc:, menc: re:i:IenIe c: cgre::ce:
cc ue c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e:mc|Iccc:. FerceLe-:e, enIcc, ue c rejunIe preci:c
:er cp|icccc em cLecincic cc: m|nimc: pccrce: Icnicc: ue gcrcnIcm :eu ce-
:empenhc, fcIc e::e ue ncc fci cL:ervccc em vcric: cc: cLrc: vi:iIccc: pe|c
cuIcr. l::c :ignificc ue c|gun: cc: prcL|emc: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc pccem
e:Icr re|ccicnccc: c cp|icccc ceficienIe cc rejunIe, fc|hc ue pcce :er :cnccc
pcr meic ce ccnIrc|e ce prccucc cceuccc e :em inIrccucc ce cu:Ic: exIrc:.
Em nenhumc cc: :eIe cLrc: ccm reve:IimenIc cercmicc ce fcchccc vi:i-
Iccc: pe|c cuIcr c engenheirc pc::u|c ccnhecimenIc :cLre cc rejunIe c :er uIi|izc-
cc e Icmpcucc :uc e:pecificccc e:Icvc previ:Ic em prcjeIc. Em muiIc: cc:c:, c
:e|ecc fci feiIc Iencc ccmc Lc:e c fcci|iccce ce enIregc pcr pcrIe cc fcrnece-
ccr e c cu:Ic cc mcIeric|. E::e fcIc :e cgrcvc ucncc c e:pecificccc ceve :er
feiIc pcrc c rejunIcmenIc ce crec: e:pecici:, ccmc pi:cinc:, :encc ue c fcLri-
ccnIe ue cferece me|hcre: ccncice: mercccc|cgicc: cccLc pcr inIrccuzir :eu
prccuIc nc cLrc. E::e: fcIc: rcIificcm c pcucc impcrIcncic cccc cc rejunIe e c
uc:e IcIc| ce:ccnhecimenIc Icnicc cc: :uc: funce: ccmc um ccmpcnenIe
cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
DenIre :eu: vcric: reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc, um c:pecIc crucic| cc rejunIe
:er ccpcz ce :upcrIcr e:fcrc: prcvenienIe: cc mcvimenIccc cc: p|ccc: ce-
rcmicc: e cc Lc:e, prcpcrcicncncc um c||vic pcrc c ccmu|c ncIurc| ce Ien:ce:
:cLre c reve:IimenIc cercmicc cc |cngc cc vicc Ii| cc ecificccc. Ne::e cc:c, c
rigicez e c re:i|incic cc rejunIe :cc fcIcre: impcrIcnIe:. CuIrc:, ccmc f|exiLi|iccce
e ccerncic, e:Icc inIimcmenIe re|ccicnccc:, jc ue c cpcrecimenIc ce micrc
fi::urc: pcr percc ce ccerncic ceixc um ccminhc |ivre pcrc c peneIrccc ce
cguc e cuIrc: cgenIe: nccivc: ncc cpenc: cc rejunIe, mc: cc reve:IimenIc ce-
rcmicc ccmc um :uL:i:Iemc.
Cc:c c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc rejunIe, cu me|hcr, :eu ce:empenhc, :ejc pre-
jucicccc pcr fc|hc ce cp|icccc cu e:pecificccc, c vicc Ii| cc reve:IimenIc pc-
ce ficcr ccmprcmeIicc. Ne:Ie pcnIc ue e:Ic in:ericc e:Ie IexIc, ue cLcrcc
em ceIc|he: c: vcric: funce: cc rejunIe, c Icnicc cceuccc ce cp|icccc e c:
cuicccc: c :erem Icmccc: curcnIe c rejunIcmenIc ce pcnIc: e:pec|ficc:, ce fcr-
1. lNIFCDU/C
5
mc c mcximizcr c ce:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cc |cngc ce :uc vicc
Ii|.
Fcrc cvc|icr e::c inf|uncic cc rejunIe nc e:IcLi|iccce cc reve:IimenIc, c
Figurc l.1 mc:Irc um e:Lcc cc en:cic c :er rec|izccc em |cLcrcIcric: umc |cje re-
ve:Iicc ccm p|ccc: cercmicc: :uLmeIicc c f|excc, c ue incuz e:fcrc: ce Irc-
cc nc crgcmc::c cce:ivc e ccmpre::cc nc rejunIe. De cccrcc ccm c Iipc ce
rejunIe e |crgurc cc: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc, e:perc-:e ceIecIcr ucnIiIcIivcmen-
Ie ce ue fcrmc e::e: cci: fcIcre: ccnIriLuem pcrc c vcriccc cc f|echc ue prc-
vccc c ce:p|cccmenIc.

F|guro I.1. Esboo dos enso|os o serem reo||zodos no progromo exper|mento|

Fcrc|e|cmenIe c e::e: en:cic: ce f|excc, :cc e:Iucccc: c: ccrccIer|:Iicc: e
prcprieccce: cc: rejunIe: exi:IenIe: nc mercccc nccicnc|, :encc c: en:cic: em-
Lc:ccc: nc: infcrmcce: prcpc:Ic: nc: ncrmc: Icnicc: inIernccicnci: re|ccicnc-
cc: cc c::unIc.
I.2. O8JEIIVOS E ESIkbIbkA DO IkA8ALHO
C pre:enIe IexIc Iem pcr cLjeIivc e:Iuccr c inf|uncic cc: rejunIe: cimenI|-
cic: nc e:IcLi|iccce cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc ucncc :uLmeIicc c ccmpre::cc
pcr f|excc ce pcini: {Figurc l.1). Ccmc e::e cLjeIivc Lc:IcnIe cmp|c, e|e fci
CLjeIivc: e e:IruIurc cc IrcLc|hc
1. lNIFCDU/C

:uLcivicicc em pcrIe: e:pec|ficc:, cLcrcccc: cc |cngc cc: ccp|Iu|c: ccnfcrme
mc:Irccc c :eguir:
ccp|Iu|c 2 {p. 7)
1. :iIucr c |eiIcr ccercc cc: ccnceiIc: Lc:icc: :cLre c reve:IimenIc cercmi-
cc, em pcrIicu|cr cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, cc crgcmc::c cce:ivc e cc rejun-
Ie:
2. icenIificcr e ccrccIerizcr c: Iipc: ce rejunIe exi:IenIe: nc mercccc, cLcr-
ccncc c: e:pecificcce: exi:IenIe: nc 8rc:i| e em cuIrc: pc|:e::
ccp|Iu|c 3 {p. 35)
3. icenIificcr e ci:cuIir c: funce: cc rejunIe e :uc impcrIcncic pcrc c ce-
:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc:
ccp|Iu|c 4 {p. 4)
4. ci:cuIir c Icnicc ce cp|icccc cc: rejunIe: cimenI|cic:, cLcrccncc ceIc-
|he: ce rejunIcmenIc em |ccci: e:pec|ficc::
ccp|Iu|c 5 {p. 87)
5. ceIermincr c inf|uncic ce cciIivc: nc f|exiLi|iccce, mcnchcmenIc, cce-
rncic, ccmpre::cc, cL:crcc e reIencc ce cguc e mccu|c ce cefcrmc-
cc ce pe|c menc: Ir: rejunIe: ce fcLriccnIe: ciferenIe::
. ccmpcrcr c: rejunIe: cimenI|cic:, ccm e :em cciIivccc, ucnIc cc: en-
:cic: ce f|exiLi|iccce :eguncc c ncrmc EN 12002:
7. ccmpcrcr c ccerncic cc: rejunIe: ccm e :em cciIivc: ucncc cp|icccc:
em p|ccc: ce ciferenIe cL:crcc ce cguc:
8. ccmprcvcr ue c |crgurc cc: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc Iem grcnce inf|u-
ncic nc e:IcLi|iccce cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc hcrizcnIc| :uLmeIicc c f|e-
xcc {|cje: p|cnc:).

/c finc| cc IrcLc|hc, c ccp|Iu|c ci:cuIe c: re:u|Iccc: cLIicc: cc |cngc cc
IrcLc|hc experimenIc| e c /nexc / cLcrcc c fencmenc cc ef|cre:cncic, umc
mcnife:Iccc pcIc|cgicc ue IcmLm pcce cccrrer em reve:IimenIc: cercmicc:.

ll.

kFJJNIF F
kFVF5IlMFNIO CFkMlCO

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{
1
8
7
)

E:Ie ccp|Iu|c Iem pcr cLjeIivc cLcrccr c: ccnceiIc: Lc:icc: cc: reve:IimenIc:
cercmicc: ccericc: vi:cncc :iIucr c |eiIcr ccercc cc c::unIc: IcmLm, icenIifi-
ccr c: Iipc: ce rejunIe cIuc|menIe exi:IenIe: nc mercccc e e:pecificccc: pe|c:
ncrmc: nccicnci: e inIernccicnci:, pccrcnizcr c ccnceiIc cc mcIeric| e iIemizcr
:eu: reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc.

Objet|vos espec||cos o serem ot|ng|dos
1. :iIucr c |eiIcr ccercc cc: ccnceiIc: Lc:icc: :cLre c reve:IimenIc cercmicc,
em pcrIicu|cr cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, cc crgcmc::c cce:ivc e cc rejunIe:
2. icenIificcr e ccrccIerizcr c: Iipc: ce rejunIe: exi:IenIe: nc mercccc, cLcr-
ccncc c: e:pecificcce: exi:IenIe: nc 8rc:i| e em cuIrc: pc|:e:.
Feve:IimenIc cercmicc ccericc
2. FEJUNIE E FEVESIlMENIC CEF/MlCC
8
5FJ5 lDFAl5 NJNCA 5O MAl5 lMFOkIANIF5 DO
QJF A JOkNADA FAkA AIlNGl-LO5.
FrcvrLic chin:

crc c u:ucric finc|, c c:pecIc ce mcicr impcrIcncic nc reve:IimenIc
cercmicc c :uc e:IIicc
2
, cu em cuIrc: pc|cvrc:, c cpinicc cc cL:er-
vcccr :cLre c cpcrncic cc cmLienIe reve:Iicc. Umc vez ue c: p|ccc: cercmi-
cc: :cc c: ccmpcnenIe:
3
vi:uc|menIe mci: expre::ivc: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc,
e|c: Irczem pcrc :i e::c grcnce re:pcn:cLi|iccce, uc| :ejc, c ce gcrcnIir umc e:-
IIicc finc| cgrcccve|.
Fc|mcncri: Iime||ini {18, p.) enfcccm e::e c:pecIc ucncc ciIcm ue
umc cc: funce: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc e:Ic re|ccicnccc ccm reui:iIc: e:I-
Iicc:, Icrncncc c :uperf|cie reve:Iicc mci: cgrcccve| cc: c|hc: cc cL:ervcccr.
EmLcrc i::c :ejc verccceirc, c permcnncic cc p|ccc nc :eu cevicc |ccc| gc-
rcnIicc pcr cuIrc: ccmpcnenIe: ue Im funcc Icc impcrIcnIe pcrc c :uce::c
cc reve:IimenIc ucnIc c Le|ezc Iem impcrIcncic pcrc c p|ccc cercmicc. 8yrne
{15, p.33) Lem re::c|Ic ue enucnIc c :uperf|cie cc: p|ccc: c pcrIe mci:
vi:|ve| ce uc|uer in:Ic|ccc, c ue exi:Ie ce invi:|ve| pcr Irc: ce|c Ic|vez c mci:
impcrIcnIe e|emenIc ce Iccc:."
Levcncc em ccnIc e::c: cfirmcce:, pc::|ve| perceLer ue c ce:empe-
nhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cmp|cmenIe inf|uenciccc pe|c ccmpcrIcmenIc
cc :uc Lc:e {cu :uL:IrcIc), cu :ejc, prcL|emc: ue c|i cccrrem Im grcnce chcn-
ce ce mcnife:Icr-:e nc :uperf|cie cpcrenIe. Fcrc exemp|ificcr e::e fcIc, c Figurc ll.1
{c, L) mc:Irc cci: cc:c: em ue c reve:IimenIc e:Ic ccmprcmeIicc :em ue c:
p|ccc: Ienhcm cpre:enIccc prcL|emc: inIr|n:ecc:.
E::c inIercepencncic ue exi:Ie enIre c: vcric: ccmpcnenIe: cc reve:Ii-
menIc incicc c nece::iccce ce ccnhec-|c: prcfuncc e incivicuc|menIe e, mci:
impcrIcnIe cc ue i::c, ccmpreencer c ccmpcrIcmenIc ccnjunIc ncc :c cc re-
ve:IimenIc cp|icccc mc: IcmLm cc: cemci: e|emenIc: ue ccm e|e :e re|ccic-
ncm. E::e enfcue |evc-nc: cc ccnceiIc ce vi:cc hc||:Iicc, cu vi:cc :i:Imicc, cn-

2
/ e:IIicc umc fcrmc ce mecir c ccrcIer cc Le|c ce c|gumc prccucc {MlCH/ELlS, 2003).
3
/ ncrmc lSC 240 {180|E], p.1) e:IcLe|ece c :eguinIe ccnceiIc pcrc ccmpcnenIe: um prccuIc fcLri-
cccc ccmc umc uniccce ci:IinIc ue :erve c umc cu mci: funce: e:pec|ficc:."
F

ce um Iccc fcrmccc pcr vcric: pcrIe: funcicnci: ue :e inIer-re|ccicncm ce mc-
neirc ccn:IcnIe e cincmicc.
Se, pcr um |ccc, e::c vi:cc ccn:IiIui-:e num fcIcr nece::cric e funccmenIc|
pcrc c prccucc ce um reve:IimenIc ce |cngc vicc Ii|, pcr cuIrc c igncrcncic cc
vi:cc :i:Imicc {cu :uc :imp|e: neg|igncic) um fcIcr :ignificcIivc nc frccc::c cc
prccuIc finc|.

o} um errc ce prcjeIc |evcu cc c:-
:enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: :cLre umc
junIc e:IruIurc|, c ue ccc:icncu :uc
ueLrc pcr fc|Ic ce :u:IenIccc.
b} fc|hc nc impermecLi|izccc |evcu c infi|Irccc ce
cguc e pc:Iericr mcnchcmenIc pcr fcrmccc ce
ef|cre:cncic.
F|guro II.1. Fo|hos no revest|mento cerm|co

II.1. INIkODbO AO kEVESIIMENIO CEkMICO ADEkIDO
Ccmpi|cncc c: infcrmcce: cc N8F 1381 {/8NI, 17), cc N8F 13755
{/8NI, 17), ce 8crrc:: ScLLcIini: Lcrc:|een {18, p.5) e ce Meceirc: {1), che-
gc-:e cc :eguinIe ccnceiIc pcrc reve:IimenIc cercmicc ccericc: un ccnuntc
ncnc|t|cc ce ccnccc: |nt|ncnente ||gccc: e cce||cc: c cc:e :upc|te. ccn cc-
pc exte||c| ccn:t|tucc ce p|ccc: ce|cn|cc: c::entccc: e |euntccc: ccn c|gc-
nc::c cu cut|c ncte||c| cce:|vc. E::e ccnceiIc Lc:icc vc|icc pcrc reve:IimenIc:
ccericc: exIernc: e inIernc:, :encc ue c: reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc pccem vcricr
em funcc cc |ccc| ce cp|icccc e cc: ccncice: ce expc:icc c ue e:Icc :u-
jeiIc:.
/ N8F 1381 {/8NI, 17) ccnceiIuc c reve:IimenIc cercmicc ce Ic| mccc
ue c ccmccc ce regu|crizccc ce|e ncc fcz pcrIe. l::c pcce :er enIencicc ce
10
cuc: fcrmc:: 1
) ucncc c: p|ccc: :cc c::enIccc: cireIcmenIe :cLre c Lc:e, e::c

ccmccc rec|menIe ncc exi:Ie e ncc mencicnccc: 2
) ucncc e::c ccmccc

exi:Ie, e|c ceve :er prcjeIccc e execuIccc ce fcrmc c cpre:enIcr ccrccIer|:Iicc:
4

ue prcpcrcicnem ccncice: cceuccc: pcrc c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: cerc-
micc:, gcrcnIincc um Lcm ce:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc. EnIcc, ne::e cc:c, c
ccmccc ce regu|crizccc ceve :er pcrIe inIegrcnIe cc ccnceiIc ce reve:IimenIc
cercmicc.
Ccm Lc:e nc ciIccc cnIericrmenIe, pcce-:e re::c|Icr Ir: ccmccc: Lc:icc:
cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc ccericc {Figurc ll.2): ccmccc ce regu|crizccc, ccmc-
cc ce fixccc e ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc {p|ccc: cercmicc: e junIc: ce c::en-
IcmenIc). Ncc :cc cLcrcccc: ne:Ie IexIc ccmpcnenIe: ccm funce: e:pecici:
ccmc Ie|c:, memLrcnc:, :e|cnIe:, e:pccccre:.

F|guro II.2. Fortes const|tu|ntes do revest|mento cerm|co oder|do

Ccmc cccc umc cc: ccmccc: Iem ccrccIer|:Iicc: prcpric:, umc cLcrcc-
gem mci: e:pec|ficc :cLre e|c: rec|izccc nc: iIen: :eguinIe:.

4
EnIence-:e pcr ccrccIer|:Iicc: cc mcIeric| ccmc c ccnjunIc ce cIriLuIc: prcpric:, ccmc c :uc ncIurezc
{ccmpc:icc u|micc), e:Iccc f|:icc {pc, pecrc, pec:) e c:pecIc {ccr, cccr, fcrmc): pcr cuIrc |ccc,
prcprieccce: :cc c: cIriLuIc: ue cefinem um n|ve| ce uc|iccce pcrc um ceIerminccc empregc {ClN-
CCIIC, 15, p.1).
Ccmccc ce
cccLcmenIc
Ccmccc ce
fixccc
Ccmccc ce
regu|crizccc
Frepcrc cc
Lc:e
{chcpi:cc)
8c:e cu
:uL:IrcIc
Feve:IimenIc cercmicc: ccmccc ce regu|crizccc
11
II.1.1. Comodo de regu|or|zoo
De mcneirc gerc|, e::c ccmccc repre:enIccc pe|c emLcc, mc: pcce
e:Icr cu:enIe cc:c c cercmicc :ejc c::enIccc cireIcmenIe :cLre c c|vencric cu
cuIrc: :uperf|cie:. EnIreIcnIc, ucncc e::c ccmccc exi:Iir, :eu: cLjeIivc: vi:cm
prcpcrcicncr umc :uperf|cie ce ccrccIer|:Iicc: e prcprieccce: cceuccc: pcrc
receLer c: p|ccc: cercmicc:.
/::im, pcce-:e cizer ue c ccmccc ce regu|crizccc ceve pc::uir:
re:i:Incic meccnicc: nece::cric pcrc prcpcrcicncr ccpcciccce ce :upcr-
Ie pcrc c: p|ccc::
p|cnezc: Iem pcr finc|iccce fcci|iIcr c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: :em c ne-
ce::iccce ce ccmu|c ce crgcmc::c cce:ivc em pcnIc: |ccc|izccc:: :c|i-
ncic: cu cepre::ce: pccem prejuciccr c cccLcmenIc finc| e :uc inf|un-
cic IcnIc mci: percepI|ve| ucnIc mcicr c cimen:cc cc: p|ccc:. / N8F
13755 {/8NI, 1, p.8) :ugere c |imiIe ce 3mm pcrc :c|incic:/cepre::ce:
ucncc mecicc: ccm umc rguc ce 2m ce ccmprimenIc:
ccpcciccce pcrc cL:crver cefcrmcce:: umc vez ue c ccmpcrIcmenIc
cc ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc pcce :er Lc:IcnIe ci:IinIc cc ccmpcrIcmenIc
cc Lc:e, impcrIcnIe ue hcjc umc ccmccc inIermecicric ue ci:IriLuc e
cL:crvc" mcvimenIcce: ciferencici:, cIenucncc :eu efeiIc :cLre c: p|c-
cc: cercmicc:. E:Ic umc funcc impcrIcnIe cc ccmccc ce regu|crizccc
ue, :e ncc e:Iiver pre:enIe, pcce :ignificcr c :urgimenIc ce mcnife:Icce:
pcIc|cgicc: preccce: e ce cif|ci| :c|ucc, pccencc prejuciccr :ericmenIe c
ce:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc:
hcmcgeneiccce e regu|criccce :uperficic|: fcci|iIc c e:pc|hcmenIc cc cr-
gcmc::c, incuz c me:mc ccmpcrIcmenIc ce Iccc: c: p|ccc: e eviIc c :ur-
gimenIc ce Ien:ce: |ccc|izccc:.
II.1.2. Comodo de ||xoo
/ ccmccc ce fixccc c re:pcn:cve| pcr unir c: p|ccc: cercmicc: cc
:uL:IrcIc. Fcrc IcnIc, pccem :er uIi|izccc: c: Irccicicnci: crgcmc::c: ce cimenIc e
creic cc:ccc: em cLrc e ue prcmcvem principc|menIe ccerncic meccnicc, c:
crgcmc::c: cce:ivc: incu:Iric|izccc:, ue prcmcvem ccerncic u|micc e mecc-
nicc, e c: re:inc: ce reccc, ue prcmcvem principc|menIe ccerncic u|micc.
Feve:IimenIc cercmicc: ccmccc ce fixccc
12
Meceirc: {1) cpre:enIc ceIc|he: cc: vcric: crgcmc::c: uIi|izccc: e um Lreve
re:umc c re:peiIc cc c::unIc cpre:enIccc c :eguir.
II.1.2.1. Argomossos dosodos em obro
Frepcrccc: em cLrc gerc|menIe c pcrIir cc mi:Iurc ce cimenIc, cc| e crei-
c, cecem cre:cenIe |ugcr c: crgcmc::c: cce:ivc: incu:Iric|izccc:, :ejc pe|c fcci|i-
ccce ce prepcrc e cp|icccc cu pe|c mcicr hcmcgeneiccce, c ue ccrccIer|:-
Iicc ce um prccuIc incu:Iric|izccc.
II.1.2.2. Argomossos odes|vos |ndustr|o||zodos
/: ce Lc:e cimenI|cic :cc c|c::ificccc: ccmc /C l, /C ll, /C lll e /C lll-E.
Fe|c: reccmenccce: cc N8F 14081 {/8NI, 18), c: crgcmc::c: cc Iipc l :cc ce:-
Iinccc: cc u:c inIernc: c: cc Iipc ll :cc pcrc u:c exIernc, :upcrIcncc e:fcrc: ce-
ccrrenIe: ce f|uIucce: higrcIrmicc:, cc chuvc e cc venIc: c: cc Iipc lll, c|m cc:
reui:iIc: cc: cc Iipc ll, cevem re:i:Iir c e|evccc: e:fcrc: ce ci:c|hcmenIc.
/: cc Iipc lll-E pc::uem c: me:mc: exigncic: cc: cc Iipc lll, mc: cevem
cpre:enIcr um Iempc em cLerIc
5
mcicr. EmLcrc c refericc ncrmc e:pecifiue
crgcmc::c Iipc ll e lll pcrc u:c exIernc, e|c ncc e:IcLe|ece pcrcmeIrc: cu |imiIc-
ce: ue emLc:em umc ceci:cc Icnicc. /::im, pcce-:e pen:cr em u:c exIernc
ccmc :encc c: pcrece: ce um :imp|e: :cLrccc cu me:mc c empenc ce um ecif|-
cic ce 25 pcvimenIc:, :encc fcci| perceLer ue :cc cuc: :iIucce: ccm ccrccIe-
r|:Iicc: ci:IinIc: e ccm reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc ccmp|eIcmenIe ciferenciccc:.
/: crgcmc::c: incu:Iric|izccc: pccem :er mcnc cu LiccmpcnenIe:, :encc
ue cmLc: :cc prccuzicc: ccmc umc mi:Iurc :ecc fcrmccc, Lc:iccmenIe, pcr
cimenIc FcrI|cnc, cgregccc: e cciIivc: em pc ue Im c cLjeIivc ce me|hcrcr
c|gumc: prcprieccce: cc prccuIc finc|.
Nc cc:c cc: mcncccmpcnenIe:, c pcrIe ||uicc repre:enIccc cpenc:
pcr cguc |impc, ccicicnccc imecicIcmenIe cnIe: cc cp|icccc. Nc cc:c cc:
LiccmpcnenIe:, c pcrIe ||uicc repre:enIccc nc Iccc cu em pcrIe pcr umc
emu|:cc pc|imricc ue IcmLm Iem c funcc ce me|hcrcr c|gumc: prcpriecc-
ce: cc prccuIc finc|.

5
C Iempc em cLerIc cefinicc pe|c N8F 14083 {/8NI, 18, p.2) ccmc c inIervc|c mcximc enIre c ex-
Ien:cc cc crgcmc::c :cLre c :uL:IrcIc pccrcc e c cp|icccc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc: ue re:u|Ie em
ccerncic mcic ce 0,5MFc.
Feve:IimenIc cercmicc: ccmccc ce fixccc
13
Ncc hc umc re|ccc cireIc enIre c ce:empenhc cc: crgcmc::c: mcnc cu
LiccmpcnenIe:, mc: ce mccc gerc| e:Ic: |Iimc: pc::uem ce:empenhc :upericr
ucnIc cc: reui:iIc: ce ccerncic e f|exiLi|iccce.
II.1.2.3. Fostos de res|nos e res|nos de reoo
/: pc:Ic: ce re:inc :cc ccn:IiIu|cc: Lc:iccmenIe pcr re:inc: :inIIicc:, cc-
mc c: vin||icc: e c: ccr||icc:. /: re:inc: ce reccc :cc c: cc|c: {ccmc c epcxi) e
gerc|menIe :cc ccn:IiIu|cc: pcr cci: cu mci: ccmpcnenIe: fcrnecicc: em :epcrc-
cc e ue cevem :er mi:Iurccc: em prcpcrce: Lem ceIerminccc: nc mcmenIc
cc cp|icccc.
II.1.3. Comodo de ocobomento
/ ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc ccmpc:Ic pe|c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e pe|c:
junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc jc preenchicc: ccm rejunIe. /|gun: ceIc|he: impcrIcnIe:
:cLre c: p|ccc: :cc cLcrcccc: nc :encic, mc: ncc em prcfunciccce pcr ncc
:er e:Ie c cLjeIivc cc IrcLc|hc. C: rejunIe:, enIreIcnIc, :cc cLcrcccc: em ceIc|he
cpc: c vi:cc Lc:icc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
Fcr :erem uIi|izccc: IcnIc em cmLienIe: inIernc: ccmc exIernc: pcrc c
prccucc ce reve:IimenIc: ce pi:c: e pcrece:, c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e:Icc :ujeiIc:
c: mci: vcriccc: ccncice: ce expc:icc. /::im, c|m cc: ccrccIer|:Iicc: e:IIi-
cc:, c: p|ccc: cercmicc: preci:cm cpre:enIcr prcprieccce: ue gcrcnIcm ce-
:empenhc cceuccc cc |cngc ce :uc vicc Ii|. / N8F 13817 {/8NI, 17), c fim ce
uc|ificcr c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e fcci|iIcr :uc e:pecificccc, prcpce c: :eguinIe:
c|c::ificcce::
ucnIc c e:mc|Iccc: p|ccc: e:mc|Iccc: {GLczec) e ncc e:mc|Iccc: {bn-
GLczec). Lc:IcnIe ccmum, IcmLm, c u:c cc Iermc v|c|ccc ccmc refe-
rncic c: p|ccc: e:mc|Iccc:. C prcpric Iermc g|czec fcz c|u:cc cc vicrc,
me:mc pcrue c ccmpc:icc cc e:mc|Ie cp|icccc :cLre c ccrpc cercmicc
c::eme|hc-:e c ccmpc:icc ce::e mcIeric|:
ucnIc cc mIccc ce fcLricccc: exIrucccc:
{/), pren:ccc: {8) e cuIrc:

prcce::c:
7
{C):

/|gumc: referncic: u:cm c cnIigc Iermc nc|cncccc. McrcmLc c ncme cccc c mcuinc ue
fcrc umc mc::c p|c:Iicc cIrcv: ce um Lccc| ccm fcrmcIc ceIerminccc, ce mcneirc :eme|hcnIe c
umc exIru:crc.
7
CuIrc prcce::c pcce :er, pcr exemp|c, c ccnfcrmccc ce pec: ccmp|exc: pcr meic ce mc|ce: ue
cL:crvem c cguc cc mc::c em e:Iccc ce LcrLcIinc.
Feve:IimenIc cercmicc: ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc
14
ucnIc c cL:crcc ce cguc: c cL:crcc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, c|c::ificc-
cc ccnfcrme c IcLe|c ll.1, Iem grcnce inf|uncic nc Iipc ce crgcmc::c c-
ce:ivc c :er uIi|izccc, jc ue c: crgcmc::c: cimenI|cic: i:enIc: ce cciIivc:
prcpcrcicncm ccerncic cpenc: pe|c efeiIc ce cnccrcgem meccnicc.
/::im, Lcixc cL:crcc :ignificc Lcixc peneIrccc ce pc:Ic nc: pcrc:
cc: p|ccc: e peuenc efeiIc ce cnccrcgem. Um exemp|c ce::e fcIc cccrre
ccm c: pcrce|cncIc:, p|ccc: ce cL:crcc uc:e nu|c, ue nece::iIcm ce
crgcmc::c e:pecic| ue prcmcvc ccerncic me:mc :cL e::c: ccncice:.
/|m cc c:pecIc cc ccerncic, cuIrc pcnIc impcrIcnIe c :er cL:er-
vccc ue p|ccc: cercmicc: ue :ercc uIi|izccc: em cmLienIe: exIernc:
cevem Ier cL:crcc mcximc ce 7 e, nc: cc:c: ce c|imc: fric: :ujeiIc: cc
ccnge|cmenIc, e::e vc|cr cci pcrc 37 {GCLD8EFG, 18, p.111).
Iobe|o II.1. Grupos de obsoro de guo segundo o N8k 13817 [A8NI, 17}
Grupc: fcixc ce
cL:crcc {7)
Grupc /
ExIrucccc
Grupc 8 - Fren:ccc
{Exemp|c)
Grupc C
CuIrc prcce::c
lc: 0 cL: < 0,5 8 lc {Fcrce|cncIc)
lL: 0,5 cL: < 3
/ l
8 lL {Gr:)
C l
llc: 3 cL: < / llc 8 llc {Semi gr:) C llc
llL: cL: < 10 / llL 8 llL {Semi-pcrc:c) C llL
lll: cL: 10 / lll 8 lll {Fcrc:c) C lll

ucnIc c cLrc:cc :uperficic|: c en:cic ce cLrc:cc ccn:i:Ie em :uLmeIer c
:uperf|cie e:mc|Iccc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc: cc cIriIc ce e:ferc: ce cc ce
Icmcnhc: pccrcnizccc: curcnIe um nmerc fixc ce cic|c: numc ccmcrc rc-
IcIivc. Depencencc cc ucnIiccce ce cic|c: nece::cric pcrc prcvcccr c|-
Iercce: nc :uperf|cie, c: p|ccc: :cc c|c::ificccc: ccnfcrme c IcLe|c ll.2.
CucnIc mcicr c nmerc ce cic|c: nece::cric: pcrc prcvcccr c|Ierc-
ce: nc e:mc|Ie, mcicr c c|c::ificccc FEl cc p|ccc. EnIreIcnIc, umc ex-
cecc impcrIcnIe cccrre pcrc c FEl V: emLcrc c|gumc: p|ccc: cpre:enIem
re:i:Incic c cLrc:cc :upericr cc: 12.000 cic|c:, c N8F 13818 {/8NI, 17,
p.22) incicc ue, pcrc umc p|ccc receLer c c|c::ificccc FEl V, e|c ceve
IcmLm cpre:enIcr re:i:Incic cc mcnchcmenIc cpc: c rec|izccc cc en-
:cic ce ce:gc:Ie pcr cLrc:cc, fcIcr ue ncc exigicc pcrc n|vei: FEl ce 0 c
4. De::c fcrmc, emLcrc c|gumc: p|ccc: re:i:Icm cc nmerc ce cic|c: re-
uericc: pe|c FEl V, e|c: ncc pccem :er c|c::ificccc: ccmc Ic| pcrue ncc
re:i:Iem cceucccmenIe cc mcnchcmenIc pc:-cLrc:cc.
15
Nc cc:c cc: pcrce|cncIc: pc|icc:, emLcrc nc vcrejc :ejc ccmum :eu
enuccrcmenIc nc c|c::ificccc FEl V cevicc c :uc grcnce re:i:Incic c
cLrc:cc, exi:Ie um cerIc eu|vccc c e::e re:peiIc. / lSC 10545:FcrI 7 {lSC,
15) - crigem cc N8F 13818, cnexc D - e:pecificc c en:cic pcrc ceIerminc-
cc cc |ncice FEl cpenc: pcrc p|ccc: e:mc|Iccc:, c ue ncc c cc:c cc:
pcrce|cncIc: pc|icc:.
Iobe|o II.2. C|osses de res|stnc|o obroso segundo o N8k 13818 [A8NI, 17}
C|oss|||coo quonto res|stnc|o obroso
Grupc
FEl
8

Cic|c:
Fe:i:Incic
/mLienIe: ce cp|icccc
{ncc :ugericc: nc ncrmc)
FEl 0 100 MuiIc Lcixc U:c exc|u:ivc em pcrece:. Ncc u:ccc em pi:c:.
FEl l 150 8cixc 8cnheirc: re:icencici:, ucrIc: ce ccrmir.
FEl ll 00 Mcic /mLienIe: :em pcrIc: pcrc c exIericr, Lcnheirc:.
FEl lll 750, 1.500 Mcic c|Ic
Cczinhc: re:icencici:, ccrreccre:, nc|| ce re:i-
cncic:, uinIci:.
FEl lV
2.100, .000,
12.000
/|Ic
rec: ccmercici:, enIrccc: ce hcIi:, :ncw
|ccn:, :c|ce: ce vencc:, |cjc:, Lcre:, Lcncc:.
FEl V 12.000
MuiIc c|Ic e
sem
encord|do
rec: pL|icc:: :ncpp|ng cente|:, cercpcrIc:,
pcccric:, |c:t-|ccc:, Ierminci: rcccvicric:.

Me:mc ue c |ncice FEl fc::e cp|icccc c e::c: p|ccc:, :uc c|c::ificc-
cc mcximc :eric FEl lV, jc ue e|c: ncc re:i:Iem cc mcnchcmenIc me:mc
cnIe: cc cLrc:cc. EnIreIcnIc, numc vi:iIc cc cuIcr c umc grcnce |cjc ce
mcIerici: ce ccn:Irucc, cc: 32 pcrce|cncIc: pc|icc: ci:pcn|vei:, 30 pc::u|-
cm c|c::ificccc FEl V cc prcpric fcLriccnIe e c: cuIrc: cci: e:Icvcm :em
eIiueIc ce:criIivc:
ucnIc cc cIcue u|micc e cc mcnchcmenIc: em cmLc: c: cc:c: c:
p|ccc: :cc :uLmeIicc: c ccc ce cgenIe: pccrcnizccc:, :encc enIcc cvc-
|iccc c c|Ierccc cc :uperf|cie. / IcLe|c ll.3 mc:Irc c: c|c::e: ce re:i:Incic
cc cIcue u|micc e c IcLe|c ll.4 mc:Irc c c|c::ificccc ucnIc c re:i:In-
cic cc mcnchcmenIc, cmLc: prcpc:Ic: pe|c N8F 13818 {/8NI, 17).
De mcneirc gerc|, c: p|ccc: e:mc|Iccc: cpre:enIcm Lcc re:i:Incic
cc mcnchcmenIc, fcIc e::e ue pcce :er cIriLu|cc c cL:crcc nu|c e c
Lcix|::imc rugc:iccce prcpcrcicnccc pe|c e:mc|Ie. EnIreIcnIc, nc cc:c cc:

8
FF| - Fc|ce|c|n Fncne| |n:t|tute.
Cic|c: cc en:cic ce cLrc:cc :uperficic| :eguncc c N8F 13818 {/8NI, 17), /nexc D.
1
pcrce|cncIc:, ue perIencem cc grupc 8lc {IcLe|c ll.1), c mcnchcmenIc
pcce mcnife:Icr-:e rcpiccmenIe nc: pec: pc|icc:.
Iobe|o II.3. C|osses de res|stnc|o qum|co segundo o N8k 13818 [A8NI, 17}
Nve|s de res|stnc|o oos produtos qum|cos
A 8 C
Agentes qum|cos
CIimc
re:i:Incic
Ligeirc
c|Ierccc
/|Ierccc
Lem cefinicc
/|Ic ccncenIrccc {H) H / H 8 H C
cicc:
e Lc:e:
8cixc ccncenIrccc {L) L / L 8 L C
FrccuIc: ccm:Iicc: e pi:cinc: / 8 C

/ exp|icccc pcrc i::c, :eguncc /rcnIe: et c| {2001), pcce :er cccc
pe|c fcIc ce ue c pc|imenIc prcvccc c cLerIurc ce pcrc: cnIericrmenIe
ccnfinccc: numc mc::c mcnc||Iicc, expcncc-c: cc meic exIericr. /::im,
me:mc :encc c pcrce|cncIc um mcIeric| ce cL:crcc muiIc Lcixc, c ue-
Lrc cc mcIriz criginc| prcvccccc pe|c pc|imenIc ceixc c :uperf|cie ccm pc-
rc:iccce expc:Ic, prcpcrcicncncc c impregnccc ce vcric: Iipc: ce :uji-
ccce: e ccncc crigem cc mcnchcmenIc.
Iobe|o II.4. C|osses de res|stnc|o o monchos segundo o N8k 13818 [A8NI, 17}
C|osse Descr|o do remoo dos monchos
C|c::e 5 Mcximc fcci|iccce ce remccc ce mcnchc:.
C|c::e 4 Mcnchc pcce :er remcvicc ccm prccuIc ce |impezc frccc.
C|c::e 3 Mcnchc pcce :er remcvicc ccm prccuIc ce |impezc fcrIe.
C|c::e 2 Mcnchc pcce :er remcvicc ccm ccicc c|cr|cricc cu cceIcnc.
C|c::e 1 Mcnchc ncc pcce :er remcvicc :em ccnificcr c pec.

E::e Iipc ce mcnchcmenIc pcce :er ccmprcvccc ccm um en:cic
:imp|e:: umc peuenc pcrcc ce iccc fci cp|icccc :cLre umc p|ccc ce
pcrce|cncIc, IcnIc nc fcce pc|icc ccmc em :eu Icrccz. /pc: um cic ce
ce:ccn:c, c |cvcgem ccm cguc reIircu fcci|menIe c mcrcc cc prccuIc :c-
Lre c Icrccz, mc: c fcce pc|icc cpre:enIcu c|Ierccc ce ccr e Lri|hc nc
pcnIc cIingicc me:mc cpc: :cfrer |cvcgem ccm e:ccvc e prccuIc: ce |im-
pezc.
Ccm re|ccc c re:i:Incic u|micc, c lIC {14, p.27) Lem re|emLrc
ue c reve:IimenIc :e|ecicnccc pcrc um cmLienIe preci:c re:i:Iir cc: prc-
cuIc: ce |impezc ue c|i :ercc cp|icccc:. CucnIc c i::c, c: p|ccc: cercmi-
17
cc: e:mc|Iccc: repre:enIcm umc cIimc e:cc|hc, pci: :cc c|IcmenIe re:i:-
IenIe: cc: mci: vcriccc: prccuIc: uIi|izccc: nc |impezc ccm:Iicc.

C pcrcgrcfc cnIericr finc|izc c inIrccucc :cLre c: p|ccc: cercmicc:, cnce
fcrcm cLcrcccc: c|gun: ccnceiIc: impcrIcnIe: ue :ercc Iei: nc ceccrrer ce:Ie
IrcLc|hc. / pcrIir ce:Ie pcnIc, :cc cLcrcccc: em ceIc|he: c: rejunIe: pcrc reve:-
IimenIc cercmicc e, cccc :uc impcrIcncic nc e:ccpc ce:Ie IexIc, cccc c e|e: c
me:mc n|ve| ce Icpicc cc reve:IimenIc em :i, muiIc emLcrc :ejcm cpenc: um
ccmpcnenIe cc ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc.
II.2. kEJbNIES FAkA kEVESIIMENIO CEkMICO
Fcr meic cc cnc|i:e cc mccc ccmc um reve:IimenIc cercmicc execuIc-
cc, cu :ejc, ccm c pc:icicncmenIc :eencic| ce p|ccc: ju:Icpc:Ic: e :uc pc:Ie-
ricr cc|cfeIccc, pcce-:e cecuzir c funcc Lc:icc cc rejunIe: preencher c: e:pc-
c: vczic: enIre c: p|ccc: cercmicc: cpc: :eu c::enIcmenIc. Mcicre: ceIc|he:,
enIreIcnIc, reve|cm ue c rejunIe pc::ui vcric: funce: crucici: pcrc c :uce::c cc
reve:IimenIc cercmicc, :encc e|c: cLcrcccc: em prcfunciccce nc ccp|Iu|c :e-
guinIe {p. 35).
Umc vez ue ccmum c u:c ce civer:c: Iermc: pcrc ce:igncr c rejunIe,
ccmc rejunIcmenIc, mc::c ce rejunIe, crgcmc::c ce rejunIe, pc:Ic ce rejunIe eIc.
e ce ncc exi:Iir ciferenc: prcIicc: enIre e|e:, e:Ie IexIc cccIc c cencminccc
prcpc:Ic nc :encic e, emLcrc c ccn:u|Ic cc: cicicncric: ce Michce|i: {18) e
Ferreirc {1) mc:Ire ue c Iermc rejunIe" inexi:Ie nc ||nguc pcrIugue:c, e|e
empregccc ne:Ie IrcLc|hc pcrue repre:enIc umc Ierminc|cgic ccn:cgrccc e
cmp|cmenIe u:ccc em vcric: regice: cc pc|:.
C prcjeIc ce ncrmc 18:40.05-001:2001 - Argomosso bose de c|mento
Fort|ond poro rejuntomento de p|ocos cerm|cos - Espec|||coo cccIc c ccncei-
Ic :eguinIe:
/.F. - crgcmc::c ce rejunIcmenIc: mi:Iurc incu:Iric|izccc ce cimenIc Fcr-
I|cnc e cuIrc: ccmpcnenIe: hcmcgnec: e unifcrme:, pcrc cp|icccc nc:
junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc ce p|ccc: cercmicc:, c|c::ificccc :eguncc c cmLi-
enIe ce cp|icccc e reui:iIc: m|nimc: ccnfcrme c IcLe|c 1 ce:Ic ncrmc."
Fcrc efeiIc ce:Ie IexIc, c: vcccLu|c: |eunte e |euntcnentc :cc uIi|izccc:
ccmc :egue:
FejunIe: pcrc reve:IimenIc cercmicc
18
rejunIe: ccmpc:Ic ce:Iinccc c preencher c: junIc: enIre c: p|ccc: cercmi-
cc:, cpre:enIcncc-:e IrcLc|hcve| curcnIe c eIcpc ce cp|icccc e encure-
cencc cpc: um cerIc per|ccc ce Iempc. Ic| ccmpc:Ic pcce :er crgcmc:-
:c, ncIc ce cimenIc, re:inc epcxi cu uc|uer cuIrc, Iccc: e:pecificccc: ce
mcneirc ccnvenienIe c cIencer funce: e:pec|ficc::
rejunIcmenIc: cIc cu ccc ce preencher c: junIc: enIre p|ccc: cercmicc:
ccm um ccmpc:Ic e:pec|ficc pcrc Ic| funcc, cu :ejc, c rejunIe.
II.3. kEQbISIIOS COMbNS AOS DIFEkENIES IIFOS DE kEJbNIE
lncepencenIe ce uc| :ejc c ccmpc:icc cc rejunIe e:pecificccc pcrc
umc cccc :iIuccc, impcrIcnIe mencicncr ue e|e preci:c cIencer c c|gun:
reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc, pci: c: :c|iciIcce: pre:enIe: em um cmLienIe cepen-
cem cc u:c c ue e|e :e ce:Iinc e ncc cc Iipc ce rejunIe uIi|izccc.
C 8FE DlGESI 137 {8FE, 172) prcpce c|gun: reui:iIc: gerci: ue ncrIeicm c
Icrefc cc prcjeIc ce junIc:, ccnfcrme mc:Irccc nc IcLe|c ll.5. Nem Iccc: c: iIen:
c|i prcpc:Ic: :cc re|evcnIe: pcrc c: rejunIe: e c|gun: ce|e: pccem :er impcrIcnIe:
cpenc: pcrc c|gun: cc:c: e:pec|ficc:. CuIrc:, enIreIcnIc, :cc impcrIcnIe: e inIr|n-
:ecc: cc prcpric mcIeric|, pc::cncc ce:cperceLicc: em umc cnc|i:e :uperficic|.
Iobe|o II.5. Fr|ncp|os do projeto de juntos [odoptodo do 8kE, 172}
FunoJpropr|edode kequ|s|tos
CcnIrc|e cc meic
cmLienIe
Cpcr-:e c pc::cgem ce: cguc, vcpcr, cr, cc|cr, |uz, :cm, rcciccc,
in:eIc: e verme:, p|cnIc:, :emenIe:, rc|ze: e pc|en, cccre:.
Ccpcciccce ce
ccrgc
Fe:i:Incic c ccmpre::cc, c Irccc, c Icr:cc, cc impccIc, c f|excc,
cc ci:c|hcmenIc.
McnuIencc FermiIir ccmp|eIc remccc e reexecucc.
/ccmccccc ce
mcvimenIc:
Dc: prcpric: pec: cevicc cc cc|cr e c umiccce: cc e:IruIurc, pcr
viLrccc e f|uncic.
Fixccc
SupcrIcr ccmpcnenIe: |igccc: em umc cu mci: cirece:: re:i:Iir cc:
mcvimenIc: ciferencici: cc: ccmpcnenIe: |igccc:: fixcr ccmpcnen-
Ie: c e:IruIurc.
DurcLi|iccce
Fe:i:Iir c IempercIurc: exIremc:, cc: cic|c: ce fric e cc|cr, c |uz e cc
cr pc|u|cc:
re:i:Iir c viLrccc cc cr cu cc e:IruIurc, cncc: ce chcue e :cn: ce
c|Ic inIen:iccce, rcciccc e|eIrcmcgnIicc:
re:i:Iir cc: ccnc: pcr p|cnIc: e micrccrgcni:mc: e c ccc ncc cuIcri-
zccc cc hcmem.
/pcrncic
Ier cpcrncic cceiIcve|, eviIcr prc|iferccc ce c|gc:, p|cnIc:, mcfc
cu cpcrecimenIc ce ef|cre:cncic: e re:i:Iir cc mcnchcmenIc.
Eccncmicc Ier recuzicc: c:pecIc: ce cu:Ic inicic|, mcnuIencc e cepreciccc.
Feui:iIc: ccmun: cc: ciferenIe: Iipc: ce rejunIe
1
/ IcLe|c ll.5, enIreIcnIc, Iem um ccrcIer cmp|c e Iecricc, me:mc pcrue
refere-:e c junIc: nc cc:c gerc|. Umc vez ue c: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc re:Irin-
gem c e:ccpc prcpc:Ic pe|c 8FE, fcz-:e nece::cric Iecer ccmenIcric: re|evcnIe:
pcrc c cc:c e:pec|ficc ce um reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
/::im, c lIC {14, p.44) expce Ir: iIen: Lc|izcccre: impcrIcnIe: pcrc c :e-
|ecc ce p|ccc: cercmicc:: :uc pc:icc {verIicc| cu hcrizcnIc|), :uc :iIuccc {cm-
LienIe exIernc cu inIernc) e :eu u:c {ccmercic|, re:icencic|, incu:Iric|). E::e: iIen:
cefinem c: cce: e c: cgenIe: exIernc: ue :c|iciIcm c reve:IimenIc e, ccn:e-
enIemenIe, ue e|e ceve :upcrIcr cc |cngc ce :uc vicc Ii|.
Umc vez ue c rejunIe cp|icccc enIre c: p|ccc: cercmicc:, :upce-:e ue
c: iIen: ue ncrIeicm c :e|ecc cc: p|ccc: :ejcm, ccnceiIuc|menIe, c: me:mc:
ue ncrIeicm c :e|ecc cc Iipc ce rejunIe.
Migrcncc enIcc cc ccrcIer gerc| cc IcLe|c ll.5 pcrc iIen: ccm mcicr :ignifi-
cccc prcIicc, c lIC {187, p.325) e c 8S5385: FcrI 1{8Sl, 15, p.) prcpcem c: :e-
guinIe: fcIcre: ce impcrIcncic nc :e|ecc cc rejunIe:
re:i:Incic meccnicc: re:i:Incic c cLrc:cc e re:i:Incic cc impccIc: cure-
zc:
re:i:Incic u|micc e re:i:Incic cc: cgenIe: ce |impezc:
re:i:Incic Lic|cgicc {ce:envc|vimenIc ce mcfc e fungc:):
re:i:Incic c cguc, cc cc|cr e cc ccnge|cmenIc: c ccnge|cmenIc pcce
ncc :er impcrIcnIe em c|gumc: regice: ce c|imc uenIe. Fcr cuIrc |ccc,
muiIc impcrIcnIe nc cc:c ce ccmcrc: frigcr|ficc::
pcrc:iccce e re:i:Incic cc mcnchcmenIc: e::e: pcrcmeIrc: e:Icc muiIc
|igccc: c cL:crcc ce cguc:
IrcLc|hcLi|iccce
10
: c rejunIe preci:c cpre:enIcr Lcc IrcLc|hcLi|iccce pcrc
ue pc::c preencher fcci|menIe 1007 cc vc|ume |ivre cc: junIc::
|impcLi|iccce
!!
: c rejunIe ceve :er |impc ccm c: me:mc: prccuIc: uIi|izccc:
nc |impezc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc::
ccpcciccce ce reIencc ce cguc: pcrc ue ccmpc:Ic: Lc:eccc: em ci-
menIc ce:envc|vcm Iccc: c: cemci: prcprieccce:, c pre:enc ce cguc

10
C ccnceiIc ce IrcLc|hcLi|iccce muiIc :uLjeIivc, mc: cccpIcncc cue|e prcpc:Ic pcr ScLLcIini
{18), c rejunIe Iem Lcc IrcLc|hcLi|iccce ucncc: ci:IriLui-:e fcci|menIe, preenchencc Iccc: c: junIc::
cgcrrc" c ferrcmenIc ce cp|icccc ucncc Ircn:pcrIccc mc: ncc ucncc ci:IriLu|cc: ncc :egregc cc
:er Ircn:pcrIccc: ncc encurece em ccnIcIc ccm p|ccc: ce c|Ic :uccc e permcnece p|c:Iicc pcr Iem-
pc :uficienIe.
11
E::e Iermc ncc exi:Ie nc: cicicncric:, mc: Lc:IcnIe ccmum nc |iIercIurc e :e refere c ccpcciccce
ue um cccc mcIeric| pc::ui ce reIcrncr c cpcrncic criginc| cpc: c prcce::c ce |impezc.
Feui:iIc: ccmun: cc: ciferenIe: Iipc: ce rejunIe
20
funccmenIc| pcrc c prcce::c ce curc, pcrIicu|crmenIe ucncc c mcIeric|
cp|icccc :cLre :uL:IrcIc: ccm cL:crcc e|evccc cu em |ccci: ce c|imc
uenIe e :ecc:
pcIencic| ce reIrccc: c reIrccc pcce ccr crigem c fi::urc: nc inIerfcce
p|ccc/rejunIe cu nc prcpric rejunIe, ccncc crigem c ccminhc: pcrc c pe-
neIrccc ce cgenIe: ce|eIric::
ccerncic: c rejunIe preci:c e:Icr Lem ccericc c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc: e c cc-
mccc ce :uL:IrcIc, IrcLc|hcncc em ccnjunIc ccm c: cemci: ccmccc: cc
reve:IimenIc:
re:i|incic e ccmpre::iLi|iccce: cc :cfrer vcricce: cimen:icnci:, c reve:Ii-
menIc cercmicc impce e:fcrc: cc rejunIe, ue ceve :upcrIc-|c: :em ue-
cc ce ce:empenhc. Fincc: c: e:fcrc:, c rejunIe ceve reIcrncr cc e:Iccc i-
nicic|:
e:IcLi|iccce ce ccr: :encc c c:pecIc e:IIicc um fcIcr muiIc impcrIcnIe nc
reve:IimenIc cercmicc, c rejunIe preci:c mcnIer :uc cc|crccc frenIe c:
ccncice: cc cmLienIe pcrc c uc| fci e:pecificccc:
|crgurc cc: junIc:: umc vez e:pecificccc e::e pcrcmeIrc, feiIc c :e|ecc
ce um rejunIe ccnvenienIe. impcrIcnIe re::c|Icr ue c |crgurc cc: junIc:
cepencenIe cc e:pe::urc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, jc ue c: junIc: cevem Ier
|crgurc :uficienIe pcrc permiIir c fcci| peneIrccc cc rejunIe cI c funcc,
eviIcncc c fcrmccc ce Lc|:c: ce cr e pcnIc: ccc:. JunIc: muiIc e:IreiIc:
pcrc p|ccc: ce e:pe::urc e|evccc cificu|Icm e cI invicLi|izcm c peneIrc-
cc cc rejunIe, c ue pcce ccu:cr fuIurc: prcL|emc: ce ce:cgregccc.
/::im ccmc c expc:Ic nc IcLe|c ll.5, nem Iccc: c: fcIcre: c|i:Iccc: ccimc
pccem :er cceuccc: cu exigicc: em Iccc: c: :iIucce:. Fcr exemp|c, ncc fcz
:enIicc preccupcr-:e ccm re:i:Incic cc ccnge|cmenIc :e c rejunIe ncc e:Icrc
:ujeiIc c Ici: ccncice:. EnIcc, ccLe cc prcjeIi:Ic cecicir uci: c: reui:iIc: ce ce-
:empenhc mci: impcrIcnIe: e cpIcr pe|c rejunIe ue me|hcr cIencc c: :uc: ne-
ce::iccce:.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
21
II.4. IIFOS DE kEJbNIE
Fcr muiIc Iempc, cimenIc FcrI|cnc purc, cimenIc Lrcncc, cimenIc Lrcncc
ccm c|vcicce
12
e ncIc ce cimenIc FcrI|cnc fcrcm uIi|izccc: pcrc preencher c:
junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc:, emLcrc ceixc::em c ce:ejcr em re|ccc c
c|gumc: ccrccIer|:Iicc: impcrIcnIe: pcrc :eu ce:empenhc :eguncc c: exigncic:
cIuci:. EnIreIcnIc, i::c ncc pcce :er Icmccc ccmc umc cr|Iicc, me:mc pcrue
e::e: ercm c: mcIerici: mci: cceuccc: pcrc c pccc.
/I hcje pccem :er enccnIrccc: reve:IimenIc: cercmicc: fixccc: ccm c
Icnicc cc Lc|cc {p|ccc: c::enIccc: ccm c cp|icccc ce umc pcrcc ce crgc-
mc::c nc Icrccz) e rejunIccc: ccm cimenIc Lrcncc em perfeiIc: ccncice:. /c
finc| cc c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: ccm e::c Icnicc, umc prcIicc Lc:IcnIe cc-
mum erc c cp|icccc {ccm rccc) ce ncIc ce cimenIc :cLre c pi:c, efeIucncc-:e
c primeirc |impezc cpc: um peuenc per|ccc ce Iempc, :uficienIe pcrc prcpcr-
cicncr c pegc inicic| cc cimenIc. / |impezc finc| erc feiIc ccm ccicc c|cr|cricc
ci|u|cc {8CFGES, 174, p.180).
Ccm c ce:envc|vimenIc cc Iecnc|cgic e c :urgimenIc ce cciIivc:
13
e:pec|-
ficc:, hcuve :en:|ve| muccnc em c|gumc: prcprieccce: impcrIcnIe: cc: rejunIe:,
ccmc pcr exemp|c: e:IcLi|iccce ce ccr, re:i:Incic c mcnchc:, Lcixc reIrccc,
Lcixc cL:crcc ce cguc, c|Ic re:i:Incic ce ccerncic, um cerIc grcu ce f|exiLi|i-
ccce, ccpcciccce ce cp|icccc em junIc: e:IreiIc: e |crgc:, :uperf|cie |i:c e ce
fcci| |impezc, curezc cprcpriccc, re:i:Incic c cLrc:cc eIc. EnIreIcnIc, ccmc ncc
pc::|ve| cLIer c mcximc ce:empenhc em Iccc: c: reui:iIc:, c prcjeIi:Ic preci:c
cecicir uci: c: mci: impcrIcnIe: e :e|ecicncr c rejunIe cceuccc c: :uc: nece::i-
ccce: {/NSl /118., 12, p.47).
Umc vez ue c: cciIivc: ci:pcn|vei: :cc vcriccc:, c prccucc ce rejunIe:
ccm prcprieccce: cIimizccc: nece::iIc ce ccnIrc|e ce prccucc e cc:cgem c-
ceuccc, c ue :e pcce ccn:eguir ccm mcicr eficccic pcr meic cc incu:Iric|izc-

12
De:ignccc ccmum ce vcric: pigmenIc: Lrcncc: venenc:c: ue ccnIm chumLc. Ne::e cc:c, um
pigmenIc fcrmccc pcr ccrLcncIc Lc:icc ce chumLc {2FLCC3.FL{CH)2) ccm c|Ic pccer ce ccLerIurc e
c|Ic re:i:Incic cc ce:envc|vimenIc Lic|cgicc pe|c fcIc ce inccrpcrcr meIci: pe:ccc: em :uc fcrmu|c. C
vcccLu|c c|vcicce prcvm cc crcLicc c|+ceyce {Lrcnuecr) e c prccuIc IcmLm ccnhecicc ccmc
Lrcncc-ce-chumLc, Lrcncc-ce-prcIc e ceru:c {cc |cIim ce|u::c).
Di:pcn|ve| em: <hIIp://cicrIe.nc.:cpc.pI/mcIeric|/pigmenIc/Lr_pL.hIm>. DcIc ce cce::c: cLr.2003.
13
Seguncc c N8F 1178 {/8NI, 12), enIence-:e ue cciIivc: :cc prccuIc: ccicicnccc: em peuenc:
ucnIiccce: c ccncreIc: ce cimenIc FcrI|cnc ccm c cLjeIivc ce mccificcr c|gumc: ce :uc: prcpriecc-
ce: e me|hcr cccpIc-|c: c ccncice: e:pec|ficc:. / /SIM C125 {/SIM, 2002) e:Ience um ccnceiIc :eme-
|hcnIe IcmLm pcrc crgcmc::c:.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
22
cc. Hcje, c: rejunIe: incu:Iric|izccc: e:Icc ci:pcn|vei: Lc:iccmenIe cc: :eguinIe:
fcrmc::
rejunIe: cimenI|cic: mcncccmpcnenIe:: cpre:enIcm-:e ccmc umc pcrIe
em pc ue nece::iIc cpenc: ce ccicc ce cguc imecicIcmenIe cnIe: cc
cp|icccc. Ccmc e:Ie c Iipc ce rejunIe mci: ccmum, c Iermc mcncccm-
pcnenIe ncc cccmpcnhc :uc e:pecificccc. EmLcrc ncc receLcm cciIi-
vc: ||uicc: curcnIe c prepcrc, pccem inccrpcrcr cciIivc: em pc nc :uc
fcrmu|ccc:
rejunIe: cimenI|cic: LiccmpcnenIe:: cpre:enIcm-:e ccmc cuc: pcrIe: ci:-
IinIc:, ccm umc frccc grcnu|cr :ecc e cuIrc nc fcrmc ce emu|:cc cuc:c
{cciIivc ||uicc), Lc:Icncc efeIucr c mi:Iurc nc hcrc cc cp|icccc:
rejunIe: ce Lc:e crgcnicc: :cc mcIerici: gerc|menIe ccmpc:Ic: pcr cci: cu
mci: ccmpcnenIe: pr-cc:ccc: ue, ucncc mi:Iurccc:, fcrmcm umc pc:-
Ic hcmcgnec prcnIc pcrc cp|icccc. Ccmc exemp|c: mci: ccmun:, exi:-
Iem c: :e|cnIe: e|c:Icmricc:, c: re:inc: epcxi e c: re:inc: furcnicc:.
EmLcrc ncc exi:Ic umc ncrmc Lrc:i|eirc ue c|c::ifiue c: Iipc: ce rejunIe
:eguncc :uc ccmpc:icc, e:Ie IrcLc|hc u:crc umc c|c::ificccc :eme|hcnIe c-
ue|c cccIccc pe|c /NSl /118.5-8 {/NSl, 1), ue cefine reui:iIc: pcrc rejunIe:
mcncccmpcnenIe:, LiccmpcnenIe: e pcrc c: rejunIe: epcxi e furcnicc. E::c ncr-
mc, enIreIcnIc, ncc mencicnc c: Iermc: mcncccmpcnenIe e LiccmpcnenIe,
:encc e::c umc ce:ignccc mci: u:uc| nc 8rc:i|.
II.4.1. kejuntes bose de c|mento
/|gun: IexIc: inIernccicnci: prcpcem c|c::ificcce: pcrc c: Iipc: ce rejun-
Ie: exi:IenIe: e, emLcrc ccm ncmenc|cIurc |evemenIe ciferenciccc, Iccc: repre-
:enIcm Lc:iccmenIe c me:mc ccmpc:Ic, cnce c cg|cmercnIe principc| repre-
:enIccc pe|c cimenIc FcrI|cnc.
/: referncic: ccn:u|Iccc: ncc fczem c|u:cc c Ierminc|cgic mcncccmpc-
nenIe e LiccmpcnenIe, mc: ce:crevem cpenc: c mcIeric| em pc e c|gun: cciIi-
vc: ||uicc: ue pccem :er inccrpcrccc: nc hcrc cc cp|icccc. C: Iermc: mci:
ccmun: :cc :tcncc|c g|cut e pc|yne| ncc|||ec g|cut, :encc ue e:Ie |Iimc en-
g|cLc IcnIc c: mi:Iurc: ce pc||merc: em pc ucnIc c: ce pc||merc: nc fcrmc ||ui-
cc.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
23
II.4.1.1. kejuntes dosodos em obro
C: rejunIe: cc:ccc: em cLrc pccem :er c ncIc ce cimenIc e c: mi:Iurc:
ce cimenIc e creic, :encc IrcIccc: inIernccicnc|menIe ccnfcrme expc:Ic nc
IcLe|c ll.. / ncIc ce cimenIc pcce :er u:ccc pcrc c preenchimenIc ce junIc: ce
peuenc |crgurc, :encc ue c /NSl /118. {/NSl, 1, p.83) :ugere 3mm nc mc-
ximc e 8yrne {15, p.44) :ugere 1,mm. Fcrc junIc: ce mcicr |crgurc, ceve :er in-
ccrpcrccc creic nc mi:Iurc, minimizcncc prcL|emc: ccm reIrccc ccenIuccc.
Gc|cLerg {18, p.141) re::c|Ic ue rejunIe: Iipc ncIc ce cimenIc ncc :cc cce-
uccc: pcrc u:c exIernc cevicc c grcnce vcriccc cimen:icnc| cc pc:Ic ucncc
expc:Ic cc: cic|c: ce :eccgem/umececimenIc, c ue re:u|Ic em micrc fi::urccc.
Nc cc:c ce mi:Iurc: ce cimenIc e creic, e|c: :cc repre:enIccc: pcr Ircc:
ci:IinIc: cc: cci: ccmpcnenIe:, :encc ue c /NSl /108.10 {/NSl, 1, p.53) e c lIC
{14, p.201) prcpcem {em vc|ume):
pcrc junIc: cI 3mm: Ircc 1:1 {cimenIc:creic grccuccc):
pcrc junIc: cI 13mm: Ircc 1:2 {cimenIc:creic grccuccc):
pcrc junIc: ccimc ce 13mm: Ircc 1:3 {cimenIc:creic grccuccc).
Iobe|o II.. kejuntes dosodos em obro
AutorJEnt|dode Des|gnoo poro o rejunte Comentr|os
8S 5385:FcrI 2
{8Sl, 11, p.10).
kejunte de c|mento e ore|o
{cenent.:cnc g|cut).
lncicccc pcrc junIc: ce |crgurc :upericr c
3mm.
/S 358.2 {/S, 12, p.18).
{:cnc-cenent g|cut).
Ncc e:IcLe|ece |imiIe: pcrc |crgurc ce
junIc.
lIC {14, p.200).
kejunte de c|mento
{|ecnccc ce cenentc).
Fcrc junIc: cI 3mm, ncIc ce cimenIc.
Fcrc junIc: mcicre:, ccre:cenIc-:e creic.
Gc|cLerg {18, p.140)
Convenc|ono| {ccnvent|cnc|
cenent/cenent-:cnc g|cut).
lncicccc pcrc junIc: cI 12mm.
/NSl /118. {/NSl, 1,
p.83): IC/ {2002, p.7).
{:cnc-pc|t|cnc cenent g|cut).
lncicccc pcrc junIc: ce |crgurc :upericr c
3mm.
FrcjeIc ce ncrmc N8F
14
- -

Fcrc Gc|cLerg {18, p.141), c Ircc 1:2 {cimenIc:creic) cceuccc pcrc
junIc: cI 13mm {) e c /S 358.2 {/S, 12, p.18) e:pecificc c Ircc 1:2-4 {cimen-
Ic:creic finc). / 8S 5385:FcrI 2 {8Sl, 11, p.10) Lem re::c|Ic ue e::e: Iipc: ce
ccmpc:Ic: nece::iIcm ce umececimenIc cc: junIc:, jc ue Im Lcixc ccpccicc-
ce ce reIencc ce cguc: Gc|cLerg {18, p.141) incicc umc nece::cric curc mi-

14
FrcjeIc ce ncrmc 18:40.05-001:2001: /.F. - /rgcmc::c c Lc:e ce cimenIc FcrI|cnc pcrc rejunIcmenIc
ce p|ccc: cercmicc: e pc:Ii|hc: ce pcrce|cnc - Feui:iIc: e mIccc: ce en:cic.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
24
cc pcr pe|c menc: 72h pcrc prcpcrcicncr c cceuccc hicrcIccc cc cimenIc,
eviIcncc percc ce re:i:Incic meccnicc e ccr cc |cngc ce :uc vicc Ii|. CucnIc
cc Iipc ce cimenIc, c lIC {187, p.2) incicc c u:c cc cinzc cu Lrcncc, :encc c
cinzc incicccc pcrc |ccci: ce mcicr pc::iLi|iccce ce impregnccc ce :ujiccce:.
Ccmc umc crgcmc::c ce cimenIc e creic pcucc IrcLc|hcve| e perce
cguc rcpiccmenIe, pcce-:e ccicicncr cc| c mi:Iurc pcrc minimizcr e::e: prcL|e-
mc:. EnIreIcnIc, pe|c fcIc ce IrcIcr-:e ce um ccmpc:Ic :em ccnIrc|e cc mcIric-
primc, c /NSl /118. {/NSl, 1, p.83) c|c::ificc c: rejunIe: cc:ccc: em cLrc cpe-
nc: ccmc mcIerici: cceiIcvei: pcrc junIc:, ncc cpre:enIcncc mIccc: ce en:cic
cu reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc e:pec|ficc:.
De mcneirc gerc|, mi:Iurc: ce cimenIc e creic feiIc: em cLrc cpre:enIcm
Lcixc ccnIrc|e ce prccucc ucncc ccmpcrccc: cc: prccuIc: incu:Iric|izccc:,
:encc ue :eu u:c ceve :er eviIccc ucncc pc::|ve|. Fccem cpre:enIcr prcL|e-
mc: ce reIrccc, pc::uem e|evccc rigicez, :uc: prcprieccce: :cc fcrIemenIe in-
f|uenciccc: pe|c: ccncice: ce curc e cpre:enIcm ccerncic ceficienIe em p|c-
cc: ce Lcixc cu c|Ic cL:crcc.
II.4.1.2. kejuntes |ndustr|o||zodos
/c ccnIrcric cc: rejunIe: cc:ccc: em cLrc, c: prccuIc: incu:Iric|izccc: Im
c vcnIcgem cc ccnIrc|e ce prccucc e c uc|iccce ce mcIric-primc, c ue
re:u|Ic em Lcc gcrcnIic ce hcmcgeneiccce IcnIc em Iermc: e:IIicc: ucnIc em
prcprieccce: meccnicc: cpc: c cp|icccc. Scc ccmpc:Ic: Lc:iccmenIe pcr ci-
menIc, ccrcnIe:, reIenIcre: ce cguc, cgregccc: micc: :e|ecicnccc: e pc||merc:
em fcrmc ce pc reci:per:|ve|, c|m ce ccrgc: minerci: e:pec|ficc: ce cccc fcLri-
ccnIe. / ce:ignccc inIernccicnc| pcrc e::e: rejunIe: e:Ic expc:Ic nc IcLe|c ll.7.
/ 8S 5385:FcrI 2 {8Sl, 11, p.10) e c /S 358.2{/S, 12, p.18) ciIcm c p|cp||-
etc|y g|cut ccmc umc mi:Iurc Lc:eccc em cimenIc e creic mccificccc pe|c in-
c|u:cc ce vcric: Iipc: ce cciIivc: e pigmenIc:, Lc:Icncc ccicicncr cguc pcrc cL-
Ier um prccuIc ce ccn:i:Incic cceuccc e ce cc|crccc unifcrme. Fcrc p|ccc:
ccm cL:crcc c pcrIir ce 107 {p|ccc: pcrc:c:), c /S 358.2{/S, 12, p.18) ciIc
ue nece::cric c umececimenIc cc: junIc: cnIe: cc cp|icccc.
C lIC {14, p.201) u:c c Iermc c|y-:et {uIi|izccc IcmLm pe|c /NSl cI 18
e ce:ccnIinuccc em 1) pcrc mi:Iurc: pr-fcLricccc: c Lc:e ce cimenIc, creic
cceuccc, re:inc:, pigmenIc: e cuIrc: cciIivc: ue |he: ccnferem c|Ic ccpccicc-
ce ce reIencc ce cguc, :encc incicccc: pcrc cp|icccc em crec: inIernc: e
Iipc: ce rejunIe
25
exIernc:, inc|u:ive pi:cinc:. E::e in:IiIuIc ncc reccmencc mc|hcr c: p|ccc: cnIe: cc
rejunIcmenIc, c ncc :er em cc:c: ce ccncice: exIremc: ce cc|cr, venIc e Lcixc
umiccce cc cr. /fcrc e::e: cc:c:, enfcIizc ue c ccpcciccce ce reIencc ce
cguc cc rejunIe prcpcrcicnc umc curc mci: eficienIe cc cimenIc, c ue re:u|Ic
em mcicr re:i:Incic finc| cc rejunIe.
Iobe|o II.7. kejuntes |ndustr|o||zodos
AutorJEnt|dode Des|gnoo poro o rejunte Comentr|os
8S 5385:FcrI 2
{8Sl, 11, p.10).
kejunte |ndustr|o||zodo
{p|cp||etc|y g|cut).
Mi:Iurc: ce cimenIc e cgregccc: micc:
mccificccc: pcr cciIivc: em pc.
Fccem receLer ccice: pc|imricc: {ccn|x-
tu|e: tc g|cut:).
kejunte |ndustr|o||zodo
{p|cp||etc|y pc|t|cnc cenent
g|cut).
/S 358.2
{/S, 12, p.18).
kejunte mod|||codo
{ncc|||ec g|cut).
Di:pcn|vei: ccmc:
rejunIe {mcncccmpcnenIe) incu:Iric|izccc
{p|cp||etc|y p|ccuct):
rejunIe LiccmpcnenIe {twc-pc|t p|cp||etc|y
p|ccuct):
cciIivc: pcrc mi:Iurc ccm rejunIe mcncccm-
pcnenIe.
kejuntes t|po dry-sef.
lIC {14, p.201).
kejuntes t|po c|mento-|tex.
Ccmpc:Ic: pcr umc pcrIe :ecc em pc e um
cciIivc ||uicc.
Noto de c|mento
{p|c|n g|cut).
Mi:Iurc ce cimenIc e cciIivc: pcrc junIc: cI
1,mm.
8yrne {15, p.44)
{Scncec g|cut).
Mi:Iurc ce cimenIc, creic e cciIivc: pcrc
junIc: mcicre: ue 1,mm.
kejunte mod||. com po|meros
{pc|yne| ncc|||ec cenent g|cut).
Gc|cLerg
{18, p.140). kejunte com |tex
{Lctex cenent g|cut).
FejunIe prepcrccc em cLrc cu incu:Iric|izc-
cc c :er mi:Iurccc ccm um cciIivc ||uicc.
kejunte mod||. com po|meros
{pc|yne| ncc|||ec t||e g|cut).
mccificccc: pcr cciIivc: em pc cu nc fcrmc
ce emu|:cc cuc:c.
/NSl /108.10
{/NSl, 1, p.53):
/NSl /118.7
{/NSl, 1, p.87):
IC/ {2002, p.7).
kejunte comum
{:tcncc|c cenent g|cut).
Mi:Iurc ce cimenIc e cuIrc: prccuIc:, pcce
ccnIer creic {:cncec g|cut) cu ncc {un:cn-
cec g|cut).
FrcjeIc ce ncrmc
N8F
14
.

kejuntes I|po I e II.
U:c inIernc e exIernc re:pecIivcmenIe. Di:-
pcn|vei: ccmc junIc finc e junIc |crgc.

Fcr :uc vez, 8yrne {15, p.44) expce c rejunIe Iipc p|c|n g|cut, pcrc junIc:
cI 1,mm, ccmc :encc e::encic|menIe umc mi:Iurc ce cimenIc e cciIivc: ue
|he ccnferem c|gumc: ccrccIer|:Iicc:, ccmc pcr exemp|c fcci| e:pc|hcmenIc e
recuzicc Iempc ce curc. Fcrc junIc: ccimc ce 1,mm, e::e me:mc cuIcr ciIc c
Iipc: ce rejunIe
2
rejunIe Iipc :cncec g|cut ccmc :encc c p|c|n g|cut ccicicnccc ce creic ce grc-
nu|cmeIric prcpcrcicnc| c |crgurc cc junIc em ue c mi:Iurc :erc cp|icccc.
Gc|cLerg {18, p.141) ncc u:c c Iermc c|y-:et prcpc:Ic pe|c lIC {14,
p.201). mc: ciIc c |eunte ce c|nentc ncc|||cccc ccn pc|ne|c:
15
ccmc umc mi:-
Iurc cciIivccc ccm pc||merc: reci:per:|vei: em pc ue ccmpen:cm c recuzicc
IrcLc|hcLi|iccce e premcIurc percc ce cguc cc: crgcmc::c: ce cimenIc-creic,
em e:pecic| ucncc uIi|izccc: em fcchccc:.
E::e cuIcr ccmenIc cincc ue, emLcrc hcjc grcnce vcriccc nc: fcrmu|c:
ce ciferenIe: fcLriccnIe:, e|c: pcucc ccnIriLuem pcrc c f|exiLi|iccce e re:i:Incic
ce ccerncic, prcprieccce: funccmenIci: pcrc rejunIe: exIernc:. /cemci:, e|c:
preci:cm :er fcrmu|ccc: e:pecificcmenIe pcrc u:c exIernc ucncc e::e fcr c ce:-
Iinc cc rejunIe.
/ /NSl /118. {/NSl, 1, p.83) ciIc c :tcncc|c :cncec g|cut ccmc umc
mi:Iurc incu:Iric|izccc ce cimenIc FcrI|cnc, creic grccuccc e cuIrc: ccmpcnen-
Ie:, re:u|Icncc numc mi:Iurc cen:c, re:i:IenIe c cguc, ce cc|crccc unifcrme e
ce:Iinccc c junIc: ce |crgurc mcicr cu iguc| c 3mm e c rejunIe Iipc :tcncc|c un-
:cncec {:em cgregccc micc) ccmc umc mi:Iurc incu:Iric|izccc ce cimenIc e
cciIivc: ue prcpcrcicncm reIencc ce cguc e ue cceuccc pcrc junIc: ce
|crgurc mencr cu iguc| c 3mm.
/nc|i:cncc Iccc: c: ccnceiIc: prcpc:Ic: pe|c: referncic: :uprcciIccc:,
pcce-:e ccnc|uir ue c: rejunIe: incu:Iric|izccc: mcncccmpcnenIe: :cc ccmpc:-
Ic: Lc:iccmenIe pcr cimenIc, cgregccc micc :e|ecicnccc e cciIivc: em fcrmc
ce pc reci:per:|ve|, c ue re:u|Ic num ccmpc:Ic ccm ce:empenhc cIimizccc Icn-
Ic nc e:Iccc fre:cc ccmc cc |cngc ce :uc vicc Ii| ucncc ccmpcrccc ccm c:
rejunIe: cc:ccc: em cLrc.

/nc|i:cncc cgcrc c: rejunIe: ccnhecicc: ccmc LiccmpcnenIe: nc 8rc:i|,
e|e: :cc fcrmccc: pcr umc pcrIe em pc e cuIrc nc fcrmc ce umc emu|:cc cuc-
:c, ce:Iinccc c cIimizcr c|gumc: prcprieccce: cc: rejunIe: prepcrccc: cpenc:
ccm cguc. Fccem :er ccicicnccc: emu|:ce: pc|imricc: cc Iipc S8F {e:Iirenc Lu-
Iccienc), FV/c {pc|ivini| cceIcIc) e re:inc: ccr||icc: e e:Iirenccc:. Fe|c: infcrmc-
ce: cc /S 358.2 {/S, 12, p.18) e cc lIC {14, p.201), pcce-:e |i:Icr c|gumc:
funce: cc: cciIivc:: prcpcrcicncr mencr cL:crcc ce cguc: cjuccr nc curc cc

15
Dc ing|: Fc|yne| /cc|||ec Cenent G|cut.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
27
cimenIc: fcrmcr junIc: mci: ccmpccIc:: me|hcrcr c re:i:Incic c cLrc:cc: recuzir c
permecLi|iccce e me|hcrcr c ccmpre::iLi|iccce e c f|exiLi|iccce cc rejunIe: cu-
menIcr c ccerncic c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc:: e|imincr c nece::iccce ce curc micc.
/ 8S 5385:FcrI 2 {8Sl, 11, p.10) u:c c Iermc Acn|xtu|e: tc g|cut: pcrc ce-
:igncr c pcrIe ||uicc, re::c|Icncc ue ceve :er u:ccc e:IriIcmenIe ce cccrcc
ccm c: in:Iruce: cc fcLriccnIe. Jc c /NSl /108.10 {/NSl, 1, p.53) u:c c Iermc
Fc|yne| ncc|||ec t||e g|cut, inciccncc cciIivc: pc|imricc: cu cuIrc: Iipc: ce prccu-
Ic: ||uicc: {cu me:mc em pc) ue pccem :er inccrpcrccc: c pcrIe :ecc cc rejun-
Ie.
Gc|cLerg {18, p.141) enfcIizc ue c: cciIivc: preci:cm :er fcrmu|ccc: e:-
pecificcmenIe pcrc u:c exIernc {cc:c :ejc e::c c :uc cp|icccc) e 8yrne {15,
p.44) cfirmc ue rejunIe: cciIivccc: mcnIm pcr mci: Iempc :uc ccr criginc| e :cc
mci: re:i:IenIe: c peneIrccc ce cguc. C lIC {14, p.124) :ugere ue, ucncc c
reve:IimenIc cercmicc e:Iiver :ujeiIc c ccc cc cguc, c rejunIe ceve :er Liccm-
pcnenIe, ccmc re:inc: epcxi cu cuIrc: mcIerici: e:pecici:. Ccmc e::e in:IiIuIc ncc
e:pecificc excIcmenIe c ue e:Icr :ujeiIc c ccc cc cguc, ccLe cc prcjeIi:Ic
cecicir em uci: |ccci: :uc cp|icccc :eric reccmenccve|, ccmc pcr exemp|c em
pi:cinc:, crec: ce Lcnhc, cczinhc: incu:Irici: eIc.
C lIC {187) :ugere ue c rejunIe cimenI|cic ceve :er LiccmpcnenIe ucn-
cc fcr cp|icccc em fcchccc:, em p|ccc: ce e|evccc pcrc:iccce, pi:cinc:, Ierrc-
c:, pi:c: ccm junIc: |crgc: e Ircfegc inIen:c ue reuerem prcprieccce: mecc-
nicc: me|hcrccc: e Lcc ccerncic.
Nc mercccc nccicnc| :cc muiIc ccmun: c: rejunIe: mcncccmpcnenIe:,
mc: c|gun: fcLriccnIe: ccmecm c fcrnecer cciIivc: ||uicc: ue :uL:IiIuem c
cguc {nc Iccc cu em pcrIe) nc mcmenIc cc cp|icccc. /|m ce::e fcIc, exi:Iem
c|gun: cciIivc: ccmercic|izccc: :epcrcccmenIe e ue pccem :er ccicicnccc: cc:
rejunIe: pcrc mccificcr :uc: prcprieccce:. Ne::e cc:c, c e:pecificcccr preci:c Ier
ccnhecimenIc cc mcIeric| em pc e cc pcrIe ||uicc, ce mccc c eviIcr inccmpcIi-
Li|iccce: u|micc: nc ccmpc:Ic finc| ue pccem ccc:icncr prcL|emc: ce curcLi-
|iccce e ce:empenhc.
/ IcLe|c ll.8 cpre:enIc um re:umc ce c|gun: rejunIe: fcrnecicc: pcr fcLri-
ccnIe: nccicnci:, :encc ue c: principci: pcrcmeIrc: uIi|izccc: nc c|c::ificccc
:cc c |crgurc cc junIc e :eu ce:Iinc {u:c inIernc/exIernc).
/|m ci::c, c|gun: fcLriccnIe: fcrnecem IcmLm rejunIe: ccm prcpriecc-
ce: e:pecici: pcrc cp|icccc em pecrc: ncIurci: {grcniIc, crcc:ic, mcrmcre) e em
Iipc: ce rejunIe
28
pcrce|cncIc:, minimizcncc prcL|emc: ce mcnchcmenIc e ce ri:ccmenIc e prc-
pcrcicncncc ccerncic cceuccc c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc:.
Iobe|o II.8. A|guns dos rejuntes c|mentc|os d|sponve|s no mercodo
Junto [mm} Ind|coo de uso
Fobr|conte
Finc Lcrgc Cuc|uer /penc: inIernc ExIernc/inIernc
CucrIzc|iI 2 c 3 4 c 10 2 c 10 -
E|icne cI 3 3 c 13 - -
FejunIcLrc: cI 4 ccimc ce 4 - -
FcrIckc|| cI 3 3 c 13 -
JunIcFcm - - 2 c 15 -

II.4.2. kejuntes de bose orgn|co
De mcneirc gerc|, e::e: rejunIe: :cc uIi|izccc: em |ccci: ue exigem ce-
:empenhc :upericr em c|gun: reui:iIc:, ccmc f|exiLi|iccce, ccerncic e re:i:Incic
Irmicc. C: mci: ccmun: :cc c: ce re:inc
1
epcx|cicc
17
, cmp|cmenIe enccnIrccc:
pcrc vencc c vcrejc: me:mc c::im, :uc cp|icccc pe|c u:ucric finc| reuer um
m|nimc ce hcLi|iccce e cuicccc:, :cL penc ce ccnc: cc reve:IimenIc. C: rejunIe:
e:pecici: nece::iIcm ce mcc-ce-cLrc c|IcmenIe uc|ificccc e c: :e|cnIe: :cc
pcucc u:ccc: ccmc rejunIe. E::e: Ir: ccmpc:Ic: :cc cLcrcccc: nc :encic.
II.4.2.1. kejunte epox|
/ pc|cvrc epcxi Iem :uc crigem nc gregc EF {ue :ignificc :cc|e cu ent|e)
e cc ing|: CXl {ce cx|gn|c) e c Iermc :ignificc cxignic enIre ccrLcnc:. Em um
:enIicc gerc|, c Iermc refere-:e c um grupc ccn:IiIu|cc pcr um cIcmc ce cxignic
|igccc c cci: cIcmc: ce ccrLcnc. /: re:inc: epcx|cicc: pccem ccnIer vcric: gru-
pc: u|micc: ciferenIe: e pccem cpre:enIcr-:e nc fcrmc ||uicc, :emi-:c|icc e :c|i-
cc, cepencencc cc Icmcnhc cc ccceic fcrmccc {SlL/EX, 2002).
C rejunIe epcxi encurece pcr reccc u|micc c|cc|inc, c ue c Icrnc
ccmpcI|ve| ccm c FH e|evccc cc cimenIc {M/FSYL/, 1). Em gerc|, fcrnecicc
nc fcrmc ce Ir: ccmpcnenIe: ue cevem :er mi:Iurccc: imecicIcmenIe cnIe: cc

1
Fe:inc c pcrIe ncc vc|cIi| cc ccmpc:Ic e ue :erve pcrc cg|cmercr c: cemci: ccmpcnenIe:. Scc
cLIicc: nc inc:Iric u|micc cu peIrcu|micc pcr meic ce recce: ccmp|exc:, crigincncc pc||merc:
ccm ccrccIer|:Iicc: e prcprieccce: cceuccc: cc u:c c ue :e ce:Iinc {F/ZEND/, 15, p.47).
17
/ e:cc|hc cc ncmenc|cIurc ce re:inc epcxi cu epcx|cicc ncc cpre:enIc nenhum pccrcc e, pe|c:
regrc: grcmcIicci:, enIence-:e ue epcxi um :uL:IcnIivc {re:inc ce Lc:e epcxi) e epcx|cicc um
ccjeIivc cerivccc cc :uL:IcnIivc {re:inc epcx|cicc), ce mccc ue cmLc: pccem :er ciIccc: :em inccr-
rer em errc: grcmcIicci:.

Iipc: ce rejunIe
2
u:c: re:inc, ccIc|i:cccr e cgregccc :e|ecicnccc. /pc: c per|ccc ce curc, re:i:Ie c
cmLienIe: ccm vcriccc ce IempercIurc ce -40C c +100C, emLcrc pc::c :cfrer
c|Ierccc ce Icnc|iccce nc: |imiIe: cc: IempercIurc: exIremc:.
/: principci: ccrccIer|:Iicc: cc rejunIe epcxi :cc:
cpre:enIc Lcc re:i:Incic c vcriccc ce ccr e Icnc|iccce:
ncc fi::urc, ncc |iLerc pceirc e cpre:enIc IexIurc |i:c ue fcci|iIc c |impezc e
cificu|Ic c impregnccc ce :ujiccce::
Iobe|o II.. kes|stnc|o qum|co do rejunte epox| [Quortzo||t, 2003}
Expos|o
Froduto qum|co*
Contnuo Interm|tente kesp|ngo
LeiIe

Vinhc

EIcnc|

FermcngcncIc ce pcIc::ic c 107

FermcngcncIc ce pcIc::ic c 17

cicc Icnicc c 507

cicc IcrIcricc c 507

cicc Fc:fcricc c 807

cicc :u|fricc c 207

cicc Cxc|icc c 107

cicc LcIicc c 57

Hicrcxicc ce :ccic c 507

cicc 8enzcicc c 57

guc cc mcr

Succ ce fruIc:

MeIcnc

C|crcfcrmic

C|creIc ce meIi|enc

Ic|uenc

Xi|enc

Legencc: - re:i:Ie cc prccuIc - ncc re:i:Ie cc prccuIc
* C rejunIe epcxi re:i:Ie c umc :rie ce cuIrc: prccuIc: u|micc:, mc: ne:Ic IcLe|c e:Icc
expc:Ic: c: mci: ccmun:. Fcrc prccuIc: e:pec|ficc: e exp|iccce: mci: ceIc|hccc:, c
fcLriccnIe ceve :er ccn:u|Iccc.

cpre:enIc ccerncic e|evccc c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e fcrmc umc junIc Ic-
Ic|menIe impermecve| c cguc e cc vcpcr. / ccerncic IcmLm e|evccc
nc e:mc|Ie cc: p|ccc:, ce mccc ue c mcIeric| preci:c :er remcvicc cnIe:
cc encurecimenIc:
Iipc: ce rejunIe
30
icec| pcrc rejunIcmenIc em |ccci: ce:Iinccc: cc crmczencmenIc ce
prccuIc: c|imenI|cic: e cuIrc: |ccci: ue reuerem cIimc: ccncice: ce hi-
giene {|cLcrcIcric:, hc:piIci:), pci: c|m cc c|Ic re:i:Incic u|micc {ver
IcLe|c ll.), cpre:enIc Lcc re:i:Incic c: mcnchc:, ncc c|Ierc c: c|imenIc: e
ce fcci| |impezc e e:Ieri|izccc {lIC, 14, p.242).
/pc: rec|izcr e:Iucc: :cLre reve:IimenIc: cercmicc: em crec: cnce c
higiene um fcIcr funccmenIc|, Jcne: {14, p.21) ciIc ue c rejunIe epcxi
ceve :er uIi|izccc em Iccc: c: junIc:, ncc cevencc exi:Iir vczic: ue pc::cm
permiIir c cre:cimenIc ce micrccrgcni:mc:: IcmLm, :eu cccLcmenIc :u-
perficic| ceve :er Icc |i:c ucnIc pc::|ve|. /penc: c: re:inc: ce reccc, :e-
guncc e::e cuIcr, u:uc|menIe cue|c: Lc:eccc: em epcxi, :cc ccpcze: ce
prccuzir umc :uperf|cie ccm cL:crcc prcIiccmenIe nu|c:
ceve :er cp|icccc cI 20-30min cpc: c mi:Iurc, pci: gcnhc ccn:i:Incic rc-
piccmenIe, c ue ju:Iificc :eu prepcrc em peuenc: ucnIiccce:. / Iem-
percIurc ce cp|icccc vcric cprcximcccmenIe ce 15
c
C c 30
c
C, :encc ue
encurece IcnIc mci: rcpicc ucnIc mcicr c IempercIurc cmLienIe:
reuer hcLi|iccce pcrc ue pc::c :er cp|icccc, c: prccuIc: envc|vicc: :cc
prejucicici: c :cce e c Icnicc ce cp|icccc ceve :er :eguicc ccrreIc-
menIe. EmLcrc c rejunIe epcxi e:Iejc ci:pcn|ve| nc vcrejc, :uc cp|icccc
pe|c u:ucric finc| ceve :er cuicccc:c, pci: c|gum errc ce cp|icccc ue re-
:u|Ie em re:Ic: cc mcIeric| :cLre c: p|ccc: pcce ccnificcr c reve:IimenIc ce
mcneirc irrever:|ve|:
ce cif|ci| cp|icccc em junIc: e:IreiIc:, pci: :uc ccn:i:Incic cificu|Ic c
peneIrccc. De mcneirc gerc| e ccm Lc:e nc prcIicc |cLcrcIcric| cc cuIcr,
junIc: ccm prcfunciccce mcicr cc ue c ccLrc cc |crgurc exigem e:fcrc
exIrc pcrc umc cp|icccc cceuccc.
Nc cc:c ce fcchccc:, c u:c ce rejunIe: epcxi ce:cccn:e|hccc pcr Gc|c-
Lerg {18, p.142) pcr cuc: rczce: principci:. / primeirc ue :eu u:c ccmLinccc
ccm p|ccc: ce Lcixc cL:crcc cric umc Lcrreirc ccnI|nuc cc vcpcr ce cguc ue
pcce cpri:icncr umiccce cu cguc infi|Irccc, ccncc crigem c prcL|emc: ce ceIe-
ricrccc cc pcrece cu cI ce|cminccc cc reve:IimenIc, cepencencc cc Iipc
ce :uL:IrcIc. / :eguncc cevicc cc fcIc ce ue rejunIe: epcxi :cc muiIc :en:|vei:
c c|Ic: IempercIurc: cmLienIci: curcnIe c cp|icccc, ccc:icncncc Lcixc Iempc
ce vicc cc mi:Iurc, IrcLc|hcLi|iccce infericr e cificu|ccce ce cccLcmenIc.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
31
II.4.2.2. kejuntes espec|o|s
Cucncc :e IrcIc cc cp|icccc ce reve:IimenIc: em |ccci: ue :cfrem :uL:-
Icncici: cgre::ce: u|micc:, vcricce: Irmicc: cu :c|iciIcce: meccnicc:, ccmc
em pi:c: incu:Irici: reve:Iicc: ccm cercmicc cnIi-ccicc, c rejunIe ceve cpre:enIcr
ce:empenhc cceuccc ucnIc c e::e: ue:iIc:. Ne::e: cc:c:, IcnIc c rejunIe
ucnIc c c::enIcmenIc pccem :er execuIccc: ccm c me:mc prccuIc, jc ue c
reve:IimenIc :erc :c|iciIccc :cL ccncice: exIremc:.
Ncrmc|menIe, c: rejunIe: e:pecici: :cc ccmpc:Ic: pcr cci: cu Ir: ccmpc-
nenIe: {re:inc e ccIc|i:cccr: re:inc, ccIc|i:cccr e cgregccc) ue cevem :er mi:Iu-
rccc: ccm ferrcmenIc: prcpric: imecicIcmenIe cnIe: cc cp|icccc. / /SIM C58
{/SIM, 18) ciIc ue c: re:inc: ||uicc: uIi|izccc: pccem :er furcnicc:, epcx|cicc:,
:Ier-vin||icc: cu uc|uer cuIrc ccpcz ce fcrmcr um ccmpc:Ic ccm re:i:Incic
u|micc. IcmLm, ciIc ue c cgregccc pcce :er fcrnecicc ccmc um ccmpcnen-
Ie i:c|ccc cu pr-mi:Iurccc ccm c re:inc cu ccm c ccIc|i:cccr.
/ IcLe|c ll.10 cpre:enIc c|gun: cccc: :cLre umc |inhc ce prccuIc: ci:pcn|-
ve| nc mercccc. /|gumc: cc: prcprieccce: expc:Ic: pccem :cfrer c|Iercce: pc-
rc cccpIcrem-:e c reui:iIc: e:pec|ficc:. Ccmc exemp|c, c :uL:IiIuicc ce um Iipc
ce cgregccc pcr cuIrc pcce cumenIcr c: re:i:Incic: u|micc e Irmicc cc prc-
cuIc finc|. IcmLm, impcrIcnIe re::c|Icr ue c mcIeric| preci:c :er curccc cce-
ucccmenIe cnIe: ce :er expc:Ic c: :c|iciIcce: mcximc: c ue e:Icrc :ujeiIc,
eviIcncc ue :eu ce:empenhc finc| :ejc prejucicccc.
Ccmc c nmerc ce vcricvei: envc|vicc: num prcce::c incu:Iric| Lc:IcnIe
e|evccc {IempercIurc, FH, Iipc ce cgenIe, Iempc ce expc:icc eIc.), nece::cric
ue :e Ienhc ccnhecimenIc e:pec|ficc cc: mcIerici: pcrc ue :ejc feiIc c me|hcr
cpcc pcrc cccc cc:c, :encc invicve| ce:crever ceIc|hcccmenIe c cp|icccc e
ccmpc:icc ce cccc Iipc ce ccmpc:Ic. /::im, c me|hcr e:pecificccc ceve :er
feiIc em ccnjunIc ccm c fcLriccnIe cc: prccuIc:.
DenIre c: ucIrc rejunIe: expc:Ic: nc IcLe|c ll.10, c u:c cc re:inc furcnicc
Lc:IcnIe ccmum. IrcIc-:e Lc:iccmenIe ce um c|ccc| e:pecic| ue ccIc|i:ccc
pcr um ccicc, fcrmcncc um ccmpc:Ic Iermcfixc ce exce|enIe re:i:Incic u|micc,
f|:icc e Irmicc, emLcrc e::c: prcprieccce: :ejcm grcncemenIe inf|uenciccc:
pe|c Iipc ce cgregccc ccicicnccc c mi:Iurc. Scc gerc|menIe uIi|izccc: em p|cnIc:
ce cervejcric:, ce:Ii|cric:, cczinhc: incu:Irici: e cpre:enIcm cIimc re:i:Incic cc:
Iipc: ce rejunIe
32
:uLprccuIc: criginccc: ne::e: |ccci:, ccmc c|ccci:, cccre: e ccicc: crgcnicc:
{M/FSYL/, 1).
Iobe|o II.10. Compostos espec|o|s poro rejuntomento e ossentomento [FOSkOC, 2002}
I|po Ind|coo Fropr|edodes o 25
o
C Cu|dodos
Fe:inc
furcnicc
Sicerrgicc:, inc:Iric: u|mi-
cc: e peIrcu|micc:.
IM/: 200
c
C ccn:IcnIe:.
C: 45 MFc
I: 7 MFc
Fe:inc
:Ier vin||icc
lnc:Iric: u|micc:, ce pcpe| e
ce|u|c:e, IxIei: e
gc|vcncp|c:Iicc:.
IM/: ncc ci:pcn|ve|.
C: 45 MFc
I: 12 MFc
Fe:inc
fenc|icc
Sicerrgicc:, inc:Iric: u|mi-
cc: e peIrcu|micc:.
IM/: 200
c
C ccn:IcnIe:.
C: 40 MFc
I: MFc
Si|iccIc
ce pcIc::ic
Minerccc, :icerrgicc:, inc:-
Iric: u|micc: e peIrcu|micc:.
IM/: 800
c
C ccn:IcnIe:.
C: 40 MFc
I: MFc
/p|iccr ce:mc|ccnIe
:cLre c: p|ccc: cnIe:
cc cp|icccc.
/pc: c curc, c mcIe-
ric| pccerc :er remc-
vicc cpenc: meccni-
ccmenIe.
U:cr EFl: e ferrcmen-
Ic: cceuccc: e
|impc-|c: cpc: cp|i-
cccc.
C: re:i:Incic c ccmpre::cc I: re:i:Incic c Irccc
IMA: IempercIurc mcximc ccmi::|ve|

/|m cc preenchimenIc IcIc| cc: junIc:, cuIrc cuicccc e:pecic| ceve :er
Icmccc previcmenIe c :uc cp|icccc: :e c: p|ccc: cercmicc: fcrem c::enIccc:
ccm crgcmc::c cce:ivc cimenI|cic, cnIe: cc cp|icccc cc: rejunIe: furcnicc:
nece::cric ue c: junIc: :ejcm |cvccc: ccm um prccuIc ccicc ue neuIrc|izc c FH
e|evccc cc cimenIc, eviIcncc inIerferncic nc curc cc rejunIe e ccn:eenIe
percc ce ce:empenhc. DiferenIemenIe cc rejunIe epcxi, c rejunIe furcnicc cpre-
:enIc curc ccicc, c ue c Icrnc inccmpcI|ve| ccm c cimenIc FcrI|cnc {M/FSYL/,
1).

Ccmc um re:umc ccmpcrcIivc enIre c: rejunIe: crgcnicc:, c IcLe|c ll.11,
cccpIccc cc /SIM C58 {/SIM, 18), cpre:enIc c|gun: cc: reui:iIc: ce ce:em-
penhc cc: ccmpc:Ic: epcx|cicc:, furcnicc: e :Ier-vin||icc:.
Iipc: ce rejunIe
33

Iobe|o II.11. kequ|s|tos de rejuntes orgn|cos [odoptodo do ASIM C58, 18}
Enso|os no temperoturo de 23 2
o
C
Vor|ve|
kes|no |urn|co kes|no epox| kes|no ster-v|n||co
Iempc mcximc pcrc cIingir
re:i:Incic ce :ervic.
7 cic: 7 cic: 7 cic:
Fe:i:Incic c ccmpre::cc
m|nimc cc: :eIe cic:.
28 MFc 52 MFc 52 MFc
Fe:i:Incic c Irccc m|nimc
cc: :eIe cic:.
4 MFc 8 MFc MFc
Mcximc cL:crcc ce cguc. 0,57 0,57 0,47
Mcximc reIrccc |inecr cc:
:eIe cic:.
1,07 0,47 1,07

II.4.2.3. Se|ontes bose de s|||cone
18
e bose de uretonos
EmLcrc e::e: mcIerici: IcmLm pc::cm :er uIi|izccc: ccm c funcc ce re-
junIe Irccicicnc|, e|e: :cc mci: cp|icccc: em |ccci: ue exigem grcnce: mcvimen-
Icce: ciferencici:, c|Ic ccerncic e re:i:Incic: c Irccc e ccmpre::cc. /cerem
muiIc Lem c: e:uccric: ce c|um|nic e cuIrc: mcIerici:, :upcrIcncc c: vcricce:
Irmicc: ciferencici: enIre :uperf|cie: ci:IinIc: {GCLD8EFG, 18, p.142).
De mcneirc gerc|, ncc cpre:enIcm reIrccc e pc::uem Lcc e|c:Iiciccce:
:cc cp|icccc: cireIcmenIe cc emLc|cgem e ncc cevem :er u:ccc: em |ccci:
ce:Iinccc: c c|imenIccc, :c|vc :e pc::u|rem crienIccc expre::c cc fcLriccnIe
{lIC, 14, p.202).

18
Dc lng|: S|||ccne Fucce| G|cut.
II.5. GbIA FAkA SELEO DE kEJbNIES
/pc: c ci:cu::cc cc: vcric: Iermc: uIi|izccc: inIernccicnc|menIe nc e:peci-
ficccc cc: rejunIe:, fcz-:e nece::cric um re:umc crienIcIivc :cLre c u:c ce cccc
um ce|e:. E::e e:Iucc fci ce:envc|vicc pe|c IC/ {2002, p.11) e cpre:enIccc ce
fcrmc re:umicc nc IcLe|c ll.12: emLcrc ncc Ienhc pcr cLjeIivc cirimir Iccc: c:
cvicc: ue pccem :urgir nc fc:e ce e:pecificccc, :erve ce guic pcrc ncrIecr c
ceci:cc ce e:cc|hc :eguncc c|gun: c:pecIc: funccmenIci:.
Guic pcrc :e|ecc ce rejunIe:
34

Iobe|o II.12. Gu|o poro se|eo de rejuntes [odoptodo do ICA, 2002, p.11}
kejuntes c|mentc|os
{ccm creic nc ccmpc:icc)
kejuntes de bose orgn|co
F| = p|so
Fr = porede
Dc:ccc
em cLrc
/NSl / 118.
lncu:Iric-
|izccc
4,

/NSl / 118.7*
Epcxi
1,3,4,

/NSl / 118.8
Furcnicc
1,3,4,

/NSl / 118.5
Si|iccne
2,4

Cercmicc
e:mc|Iccc
7

Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr

Mc:cicc Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr

Fr
I
i
p
c

c
e

p
|
c
c
c

Fcrce|cncIc ce
grcnce cimen-
:cc
8

Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi Fr
8cixc expc:icc
c cguc
Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr
rec:
mc|hccc:
10

Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr
I
i
p
c

c
e

u
:
c

rec:
exIernc:
8,,10

Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr Fi/Fr
4
Fi/Fr
Suge:Icc ce
|crgurc
ce junIc {mm)
5

3 - 15 3 - 15 1,5 - 13 - 13 1,5 -
Fe:i:Incic cc
mcnchcmenIc
E C / / 8
Fe:i:Incic c
fi::urccc
E C 8 C C
D
e
:
e
m
p
e
n
h
c

/
=
m
e
|
h
c
r
,

E
=
p
i
c
r

Ccre:
ci:pcn|vei:
D 8 8 preIc 8
= ncc incicccc.
F| = pi:c, Fr = pcrece.
* / /NSl /118.7 IrcIc ce rejunIe: mccificccc: ccm pc||merc:, :ejcm em fcrmc ||uicc cu pc reci:per:|-
ve|. C: rejunIe: incu:Iric|izccc: enuccrcm-:e ne::c: e:pecificcce:.
1. u:ccc principc|menIe cnce hc exigncic: u|micc::
2. ferrcmenIc: e:pecici: :cc nece::cric: pcrc cp|icccc. Si|iccne: ncc cevem :er u:ccc: em crec ce
c|imenIccc c menc: ue :ejcm fcrmu|ccc: e:pecificcmenIe pcrc Ic|:
3. :cc nece::cric: ferrcmenIc: e Icnicc: e:pecici: nc |impezc:
4. :eguir reccmenccce: cc fcLriccnIe:
5. |crgurc: :ugericc:. Ccn:u|Icr fcLriccnIe pcrc mcicre: ceIc|he::
. verificcr IempercIurc mcximc ce expc:icc:
7. c|gun: Iipc: ce cercmicc: e pecrc: ncIurci: pccem :er ri:cccc: :e c rejunIe ccnIiver creic. /nIe: ce
uIi|izcr, execuIcr um Ie:Ie prvic cu ccn:u|Icr c fcLriccnIe:
8. c|gun: Iipc: ce p|ccc: e pecrc: ncIurci: pccem :er mcnchccc: pcr rejunIe: cc|cricc:. FejunIe:
Lrcncc: :cc c: mci: incicccc: pcrc pecrc: c|crc::
. rejunIe: LiccmpcnenIe: pccem :er incicccc: pcrc crec: :ujeiIc: cc ccnge|cmenIc:
10. rejunIe: cc|cricc: pccem e:curecer ucncc mc|hccc:.

lll.

FJNF5 DO kFJJNIF DF
kFVF5IlMFNIO5 CFkMlCO5

F
c
n
I
e
:

l
I
C

{
1
8
7
)

E:Ie ccp|Iu|c Iem pcr cLjeIivc ce:crever c: funce: ue c: rejunIe: exer-
cem nc reve:IimenIc cercmicc e exp|iciIcr c: prcprieccce: e ccrccIer|:Iicc: re|c-
cicnccc: ccm cccc umc ce::c: funce:. Sencc c principc| ccp|Iu|c ce:Ic ci::er-
Iccc, c|m ce cumprir c cLjeIivc cnIericr, e|e vi:c ccn:cienIizcr c |eiIcr ce ue c
rejunIe um ccmpcnenIe cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc Icc e::encic| ucnIc uc|-
uer cuIrc pcrc c ce:empenhc cc ccnjunIc.

Objet|vo espec||co o ser ot|ng|do
3. icenIificcr e ci:cuIir c: funce: cc rejunIe e :uc impcrIcncic pcrc c ce:em-
penhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
Funce: e prcprieccce: cc: rejunIe:
3. FUNCES DC FEJUNIE DE FEVESIlMENICS CEF/MlCCS
3
A lGNOkNClA NO NO5 FXlMF
DA kF5FON5A8lLlDADF.
/uIcr ce:ccnhecicc

: funce: cc: rejunIe: e:Icc cireIcmenIe re|ccicnccc: ccm c: prcpri-
eccce: e ccrccIer|:Iicc: cc ccmpc:Ic cp|icccc. Cu, em cuIrc: pc|c-
vrc:, c cumprimenIc ce umc ceIerminccc funcc pcr pcrIe cc rejunIe imp|icc nc
fcIc ce ue c mcIeric| ceve cpre:enIcr umc cu mci: prcprieccce: Lem cefinicc:.
CucnIc mcicre: c: :c|iciIcce: c ue c reve:IimenIc cercmicc e:Ic expc:-
Ic, mcicre: IcmLm :cc c: e:fcrc: ue cIucm :cLre c rejunIe. Fcr exemp|c, c
ccpcciccce ce cefcrmccc cc rejunIe muiIc mci: impcrIcnIe numc fcchccc
ue receLe in:c|ccc e e:Ic :ujeiIc c cic|c: higrcIrmicc: cc ue nc mcicric cc:
reve:IimenIc: inIernc:, ue :cfrem vcricce: cimen:icnci: menc: inIen:c:. Nc en-
IcnIc, emLcrc c fcchccc :ejc um pcnIc cr|Iicc ce cp|icccc e ce:empenhc cc
reve:IimenIc cercmicc, e:Ie ccp|Iu|c cLcrcc Iccc: c: funce: cc: rejunIe:, ince-
pencenIe ce uc| :ejc :eu |ccc| ce cp|icccc.
/::im, c: funce: mci: impcrIcnIe: cc: rejunIe: pccem :er enumerccc:
ccmc:
cuxi|icr nc ce:empenhc e:IIicc cc reve:IimenIc:
e:IcLe|ecer regu|criccce :uperficic|:
ccmpen:cr vcriccc ce LiIc|c e fcci|iIcr c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc::
veccr c reve:IimenIc cercmicc:
permiIir cifu:cc ce vcpcr ce cguc:
prcpcrcicncr c||vic ce Ien:ce::
cIimizcr ccerncic cc: p|ccc:.
Nc: iIen: :eguinIe:, cccc umc ce::c: funce: cLcrcccc em ceIc|he:,
mc: nenhumc crcem ce impcrIcncic :erc e:IcLe|ecicc pcrue umc ceIerminccc
funcc pcce :er mci: impcrIcnIe cc ue cuIrc cepencencc cc Iipc ce u:c ue
:e cc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
Um pcnIc impcrIcnIe ue umc ceIerminccc funcc pcce ncc Ier re|e-
vcncic em c|gun: cc:c:. Fcr exemp|c, c cifu:cc ce vcpcr ncc pcce :er umc cc:
funce: cc rejunIe epcxi pcrue :uc ccmpc:icc u|micc c Icrnc impermecve|
cc vcpcr ce cguc. Ccn:eenIemenIe, cnce e::c funcc Iiver um cerIc grcu ce
/
Funce: e prcprieccce: cc: rejunIe:
37
impcrIcncic, c rejunIe epcxi ncc pcce :er uIi|izccc e :uc e:pecificccc repre:en-
Icric um errc ccnceiIuc|.
III.1. AbXILIAk NO DESEMFENHO ESIIICO DO kEVESIIMENIO
DenIre c: ccrccIer|:Iicc: cc rejunIe, c cc|crccc, c IexIurc e c cccLcmen-
Ic hcmcgnec :cc funccmenIci: pcrc c cpcrncic finc| cc reve:IimenIc. Enucn-
Ic ccre: ce rejunIe :eme|hcnIe: c ccr cc: p|ccc: Iencem c ceixcr c pcnc ce re-
ve:IimenIc ccm c:pecIc ccnI|nuc, ccre: ci:crepcnIe: re::c|Icm c efeiIc ce mccu-
|criccce cc :uperf|cie reve:Iicc {lIC, 187, p.2). Fcr exemp|c, pc:Ii|hc: e:curc:
rejunIccc: ccm mcIerici: c|crc: cLIm um Lcm ccnIrc:Ie ucncc cL:ervccc: c
curIc: ci:Icncic:, mc: cpre:enIcm umc cc|crccc unifcrme ucncc cL:ervccc: c
|cngc: ci:Icncic:.
CucnIc cc cccLcmenIc finc| cc rejunIe, e|e pcce :er cccc ce fcrmc p|c-
nc e renIe c: p|ccc: cercmicc: {Figurc lll.1), e|imincncc c: reenIrcncic:, cu pcce
:er fri:ccc ccmc mc:Irc c Figurc lll.3. Ne::e cc:c, vc|e re::c|Icr ue ucnIc mci:
prcfuncc fcr c fri:c, mcicr c pc::iLi|iccce cc ccmu|c ce :ujeirc: ince:ejcvei:. De
mccc gerc|, c cccLcmenIc fri:ccc u:ccc em ccnjunIc ccm p|ccc: r:Iicc:
1
cu
ccm p|ccc: ce Lcrcc chcnfrccc. Fcrc p|ccc: ce Lcrcc reIc {0
c
), ccmc c: pcrce-
|cncIc:, em gerc| execuIccc c cccLcmenIc p|cnc cc: junIc:.

F|guro III.1. Acobomento p|ono e n|ve|odo dos juntos

Umc vez ue c: junIc: fczem pcrIe ce mcneirc in:epcrcve| cc reve:IimenIc
cercmicc, :uc impcrIcncic ncc :c pcIenIe nc re:u|Iccc e:IIicc, mc: IcmLm
ceIermincnIe nc hcrc ce cecicir c nmerc ce pec: ciferenIe: e :uc ci:pc:icc

1
C Iermc r:Iicc cpre:enIc civer:c: ccnceiIc:, mc: Ic|vez c ue mci: :e cccpIe :ejc c ce impc|icc e
Ic:cc. Ne:Ie IrcLc|hc, u:ccc pe|c cuIcr pcrc icenIificcr p|ccc: ccm cccLcmenIc: fc:cc: cu ccm
ceIc|he: em re|evc :cLre c: pec:, ccm Lri|hc ncc muiIc inIen:c. /|gun: fcLriccnIe: cpre:enIcm |inhc:
e:pec|ficc: ccm c ce:ignccc ce r:Iicc:.
F|ccc cercmicc
FejunIe
/uxi|icr nc ce:empenhc e:IIicc cc reve:IimenIc
38
:cLre c Lc:e. EnIcc, curcnIe c prcjeIc cc reve:IimenIc, ceve :er feiIc um e:Iucc
cc |crgurc ce junIc ce fcrmc c mincrcr c nmerc ce reccrIe:, prcpcrcicncncc
umc execucc rccicnc|izccc e ce me|hcr uc|iccce.
/|m ci::c, c|gumc: ci:pc:ice: ce p|ccc:, ccmc c: expc:Ic: nc Figurc lll.2,
impcem umc nicc pc::iLi|iccce ce |crgurc ce junIc, :encc ue c fcIcr e:IIicc
pcce Icrncr-:e muiIc mci: impcrIcnIe cc ue c: ccn:icercce: Icnicc: envc|vi-
cc: {lIC, 14, p.80).

o} JunIc ce |crgurc cceuccc, prcpcrcic-
ncncc me:mc: e:pccmenIc: hcrizcnIc| e
verIicc|.
b} JunIc ce |crgurc incceuccc, incuzincc
e:pccmenIc: verIicc| e hcrizcnIc| ciferen-
ciccc:.
F|guro III.2. In||unc|o do |orguro dos juntos no estt|co do revest|mento

III.2. ESIA8ELECEk kEGbLAkIDADE SbFEkFICIAL
/|m cc c:pecIc e:IIicc cc cccLcmenIc fri:ccc cu p|cnc cc rejunIe, c
Iipc fri:ccc pcce :er inccnvenienIe em c|gumc: :iIucce:, ccmc nc cc:c ce um
reve:IimenIc em pi:c: ce :upermercccc:, cnce c reenIrcncic cc: junIc: pcceric
expcr c: Lcrcc: cc: p|ccc: cc impccIc ccnc:c e Icrncr muiIc inccmccc c Ircfegc
:cLre rccc:. E::e c:pecIc, enIreIcnIc, Iem impcrIcncic re|evcnIe pcrc pi:c:, jc ue
nc: reve:IimenIc: ce pcrece: ncc hc :c|iciIccc meccnicc ce::e Iipc.
Nc cc:c ce p|ccc: chcnfrccc:, c cccLcmenIc fri:ccc u:uc| e cI nece:-
:cric, jc ue c chcnfrc impc::iLi|iIc c cccLcmenIc p|cnc cc rejunIe {Figurc lll.3).
Me:mc ue c rejunIe fc::e cp|icccc :cLre c chcnfrc, e|e cpre:enIcric prcL|emc:
ce ccerncic pcrue e::c regicc pc::ui c me:mc cccLcmenIc vicrccc cc p|ccc.
Nc: en:cic: rec|izccc: em |cLcrcIcric, c ccerncic cc rejunIe :cLre c vi-
crccc fci nu|c ccm c|gun: prccuIc: e Lcixc ccm cuIrc: {0,04MFc), enucnIc ue
E:IcLe|ecer regu|criccce :uperficic|
3
:cLre c Icrccz cc p|ccc c re:i:Incic ce ccerncic :iIucu-:e em Icrnc ce 0,8MFc.
C meccni:mc ce ccerncic cc cimenIc exp|icc e::e: vc|cre:, ue :ercc mcIivc
ce mcicre: ccmenIcric: nc iIem V.1.4 {p.5).

F|guro III.3. Acobomento |r|sodo em p|ocos chon|rodos

III.3. COMFENSAk VAkIAO DE 8IIOLA E FACILIIAk ASSENIAMENIO DAS FLACAS
C: prcpric: IexIc: ue e:IcLe|ecem c ncrmc|izccc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:
cpre:enIcm Ic|ercncic: pcrc :uc: cimen:ce:, :ejcm e|e: nccicnci: cu inIernccic-
nci:. E::c: vcricce: ce LiIc|c :cc ineviIcvei: e ceccrrem ce Iccc: c: eIcpc: ce
fcLricccc pcr ue pc::cm c: p|ccc: cercmicc:, emLcrc pc::cm cpre:enIcr vc-
|cre: prcIiccmenIe ce:prez|vei: :e exi:Iir umc eIcpc pc: ueimc em ue c: p|ccc:
pc::cm pcr umc eIcpc ce reIificccc, c ue |he: gcrcnIe Icmcnhc unifcrme e
c|IcmenIe preci:c.
/cmiIincc ue c: p|ccc: pc::uem vcricce: cimen:icnci:, :uc cc|ccccc
ccm junIc :ecc re:u|Ic em umc mc|hc ce:ccnI|nuc ce|imiIccc pe|c ce:enccnIrc
cc: inmerc: junIc: enIre c: p|ccc:. Fcrc ue i::c ncc cccrrc, c: junIc: cevem
cL:crver ce mcneirc impercepI|ve| peuenc: vcricce: ce Icmcnhc cc: p|ccc: e
prcpcrcicncr c efeiIc ce mccu|criccce. Ccmc Lem ciIc Gc|cLerg {18, p.140), c:
junIc: preci:cm Ier |crgurc :uficienIe pcrc cccmcccr c: vcricce: cc: p|ccc: :em
ceixc-|c: evicenIe:.
/ cc|ccccc ccm junIc :ecc uniccmenIe :eric cceiIcve| :e c: circun:Icn-
cic: ce execucc fc::em cL:c|uIcmenIe fcvcrcvei:, cu :ejc, :upcrIe IcIc|menIe
e:Icve| e :em vcricce: cimen:icnci:, cmLienIe: :ecc: e ce IempercIurc ccn:Icn-
Ie, p|ccc: e:Icvei: frenIe c umiccce eIc. Ccmc c|IcmenIe imprcvcve| ue i::c
FejunIe F|ccc cercmicc
Ccmccc ce regu|crizccc
/rgcmc::c cce:ivc
8c:e
Ccmpen:cr vcriccc ce LiIc|c e fcci|iIcr c::enIcmenIc
40
cccnIec, prucenIe ue :ejcm execuIccc: c: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc {lIC,
14, p.13).
Me:mc nc cc:c ce p|ccc: ce rcchc, gcLcriIccc: em :eu Icmcnhc e pc::|-
vei: ce c::enIcmenIc ccm junIc :ecc, :empre exi:Ie umc junIc enIre c: pec: e c
ccnIcIc nuncc perfeiIc, c ue imp|icc nc exi:Incic ce ccminhc: |ivre: pcrc c
enIrccc ce cguc e cuIrc: cgenIe: ce|eIric:. ccnvenienIe, enIcc, c exi:Incic
ce junIc: preenchicc: ccm rejunIe cceuccc.
/|m ce ccmpen:cr e::c vcriccc cimen:icnc|, cuIrc c:pecIc impcrIcnIe
re|ccicnccc c: junIc: c fcIc ce ue e|c: fcci|iIcm c remccc ce pec: incivicu-
ci: em cc:c ce nece::iccce. CucnIc mcicr fcr :uc |crgurc, ccm mcicr fcci|iccce c
rejunIe pccerc :er remcvicc :em ccnc c: p|ccc: ccjccenIe:. /cemci:, c: junIc:
fcci|iIcm c prcpric mcnu:eic cc: pec: nc eIcpc ce c::enIcmenIc, pc::iLi|iIcncc
peuenc: cju:Ie: e c c|inhcmenIc incivicuc|. Cc:c ncc exi:Icm, um peuenc ce-
feiIc |ccc|izccc Ircn:miIicc c Iccc c ccnjunIc e c :cmcIcric ce imperfeice: im-
pc::iLi|iIc c IrcLc|hc finc| ccm c:pecIc e:IIicc cceiIcve|.
Nc cpinicc ce:Ie cuIcr, me:mc ue :e pc::c imcgincr p|ccc: perfeiIcmen-
Ie reIi||nec:, e:uccrejccc: e :em vcricce: ce LiIc|c, :eu c::enIcmenIc ccm jun-
Ic :ecc ccnIinuc :encc impc::|ve|, pci: nc prcIicc ce cLrc ncc :e pcce c::umir
ue c: junIc: e:Icc i:enIc: ce re:|cuc: e ue prcpcrcicncm c|inhcmenIc cceuc-
cc. /::im, c me|hcr cpcc execuIcr c reve:IimenIc ccm junIc: ce |crgurc cce-
uccc c: cimen:ce: cc: p|ccc:.
III.4. VEDAk O kEVESIIMENIO CEkMICO
Umc vez ue c: p|ccc: cercmicc: :cc c::enIccc: ce mcneirc ju:Icpc:Ic e
ccm c e:pcc cc: junIc: enIre Iccc: e|c:, c rejunIe, ccmc mcIeric| ce enchimen-
Ic, Iem pcr funcc eviIcr c pc::cgem ce cgenIe: ce|eIric: pcrc Irc: cc reve:Ii-
menIc cu, em cuIrc: pc|cvrc:, Iem c funcc ce veccr c reve:IimenIc cercmicc. C
enfcue ue cui cccc re:ume-:e cc fcIc ce impecir c pc::cgem ce cguc ||-
uicc, ue pcce |evcr cc :urgimenIc ce mcnchc: prcvenienIe: ce |ixiviccc, cc-
nc: pcr cic|c: ce :eccgem/umececimenIc e cuIrc: ccnc: expc:Ic: pcr Gc|cLerg
{14, p. 233):
ef|cre:cncic: umc exp|icccc pcrc e::e fencmenc enccnIrc-:e nc /nexc
/:
Veccr c reve:IimenIc cercmicc
41
cripIc-ef|cre:cncic: ef|cre:cncic ue cccrre |cgc cLcixc ce umc :uperf|-
cie impermecve| c cguc ||uicc mc: ue permiIe c pc::cgem ce vcpcr:
|ctex |eccn|ng: mcnife:Iccc ce cpcrncic :eme|hcnIe c ef|cre:cncic,
mc: ue re:u|Ic nc :urgimenIc ce mcnchc: emLcrrcchccc:" :cLre c: p|c-
cc: cercmicc:. Ici: mcnchc: :cc re:u|IcnIe: cc u:c ce crgcmc::c:/rejunIe:
mccificccc: ccm pc||merc: ncc cceuccc: pcrc u:c exIernc e ue ccc-
Lcm pcr :cfrer reemu|:cc ucncc em pre:enc ce cguc:
ccnc: pcr ccnge|cmenIc: impcrIcnIe pcrc cc:c: ce pec: ccm cL:crcc
:upericr c 107 em pe:c, c pre::cc cc: cri:Ici: ce ge|c pcce rcmper pcrIe cu
ccmprcmeIer IcIc|menIe c reve:IimenIc em regice: :ujeiIc: c IempercIurc:
cLcixc ce 0
c
C:
ccrrc:cc ce pec: meIc|icc::
ccncen:ccc inIer:Iicic|: cccrre ucncc c umiccce inIernc cc pcrece
Ircn:fcrmc-:e em cguc ||uicc pe|c fcIc ce c IempercIurc cIingir c pcnIc
ce crvc|hc pcrc umc cccc :iIuccc:
ceIericrccc ce cccLcmenIc: inIernc:: ccu:ccc pe|c prc|iferccc ce cr-
gcni:mc: Lic|cgicc:.
Fcrc c peneIrccc ce cguc nc: pcrece: ce vecccc execuIccc: em c|-
vencric, /gcpycn {178, p.8) ciIc ue e|c pcce cccrrer cIrcv: cc: :eguinIe:
pcnIc::
junIc: ncc preenchicc: pcr crgcmc::c:
fi::urc: ccpi|cre: enIre c crgcmc::c e c pec ce c|vencric {L|ccc cu Iijc|c):
fi::urc: nc crgcmc::c:
c prcpric crgcmc::c:
c prcpric L|ccc cu Iijc|c.
Umc cnc|cgic ce::e: cc:c: pcce :er |evccc cc: reve:IimenIc: cercmicc:,
imcgincncc ue :e enIencc Iijc|c cu L|ccc ccmc :encc umc p|ccc cercmicc.
Ne::e cc:c, c |Iimc cc: cincc iIen: cc |i:Ic pcce :er e|iminccc pcrue rcrcmenIe
hc peneIrccc ce cguc cIrcv: ce p|ccc: cercmicc: {exceIc em cc:c: ce cefei-
Ic:), emLcrc Gc|cLerg {14, p.232) ciIc c fcIc ce peneIrccc ce umiccce pe|c
ccrpc ce p|ccc: pcrc:c: errcnecmenIe e:pecificccc: pcrc umc cccc :iIuccc.
lgncrcncc Ic| pc::iLi|iccce, c cce::c cc cguc |imiIc-:e c ucIrc pcnIc::
pcr junIc: ncc preenchicc: cu mc| preenchicc:: em umc fcchccc ce um
prcic ce 15 pcvimenIc: {3m enIre pcvimenIc:) ccm cimen:ce: em p|cnIc
ce 10x10m, Iem-:e cprcximcccmenIe 1800m
2
{4 x 15 x 3 x 10) ce crec reve:-
42
Iicc. Supcncc um IcIc| ce 1.000m
2
{ce:ccnIc: pcr ccnIc cc: cLerIurc: ce
jcne|c: e :ccccc:) cnce :cc cp|icccc: p|ccc: ce Icmcnhc 10cmx10cm,
chegc-:e c um IcIc| ce 20.000m| {meIrc: |inecre:) ce junIc: c :erem preen-
chicc:. /::im, rczccve| :upcr c cccrrncic ce c|gumc fc|hc ue, evenIu-
c|menIe, pcce |evcr cc mcnchcmenIc, c ef|cre:cncic cu c peneIrccc
ce cguc em cmLienIe: inIernc:.
Fcce cccnIecer, IcmLm, ue c junIc e:Iejc preenchicc cpenc: :u-
perficic|menIe, fcrmcncc umc ccpc frcgi| ue pcce ce:cgregcr-:e cpc:
c|gun: me:e: cc enIregc cc cLrc. CL:ervcu-:e e::c cccrrncic, pcr exem-
p|c, em um reve:IimenIc ce pi:c em pcrce|cncIc ue cpre:enIcvc junIc:
muiIc e:IreiIc: pcrc c cp|icccc cc rejunIe epcxi. /|m ci::c, c rejunIe per-
ceu IrcLc|hcLi|iccce rcpiccmenIe cevicc c IempercIurc cmLienIe e|evc-
cc e :uc peneIrccc nc: junIc: fci impc::|ve|, ce mccc ue c cp|iccccr
cpenc: pcce preench-|c: :uperficic|menIe. EmLcrc Ienhc :icc u:ccc um
mcIeric| ce cu:Ic e|evccc e ce ce:empenhc :upericr ucncc ccmpcrccc
cc: rejunIe: cimenI|cic:, c uc|iccce cc :ervic ficcu ccmprcmeIicc pcr ci-
ficu|ccce ce cp|icccc.
/nc|i:cncc c re|ccc prcfunciccce/|crgurc cc: junIc:, c Figurc lll.4
cpre:enIc Ir: ccncice:.

o} 8cm rejunIcmenIc, ccm
preenchimenIc IcIc| cc
junIc e ccnIcIc ccm c cr-
gcmc::c cce:ivc.
b} FejunIcmenIc |evemenIe
cefeiIuc:c, ccm c|gun: pcn-
Ic: fc|hc: nc funcc cc junIc.
c} FejunIcmenIc ceficienIe.
JunIc muiIc e:IreiIc invicLi|i-
zc peneIrccc ccmp|eIc cc
rejunIe.
F|guro III.4. Cond|es poro rejuntomento con|orme |orguro do junto

Nc cc:c cc Figurc lll.4c, c re|ccc prcfunciccce/|crgurc muiIc e|e-
vccc e cificu|Ic c peneIrccc cc rejunIe, ceixcncc c junIc ccm Lcixc re:i:-
FejunIe F|ccc cercmicc
8c:e
/rgcmc::c cce:ivc
43
Incic e grcnce prcLcLi|iccce ce ceIericrccc preccce, c ue imp|icc em
fcci| peneIrccc ce cguc e cgenIe: ce|eIric:.
E::c :iIuccc pcce :er cgrcvccc, pcr exemp|c, pe|c ccicc ce cguc
cc rejunIe cimenI|cic ccm c cLjeIivc ce ceixc-|c mci: f|u|cc, c ue pcce
ccc:icncr cumenIc ce pcrc:iccce, uecc ce re:i:Incic e ce:cgregccc
premcIurc:
pcr fi::urc: enIre c rejunIe e c p|ccc cercmicc: c: fi::urc: pccem cccnIecer
pcr vcric: mcIivc:, ccmc, pcr exemp|c, curc ceLi|iIccc pcr ccncice: cm-
LienIci: cgre::ivc:, reIrccc exce::ivc cc crgcmc::c, crgcmc::c ccm re-
Iencc ce cguc inccmpcI|ve| ccm c Iipc ce p|ccc, cp|icccc cc rejunIe
em junIc: ccm re:Ic: ce crgcmc::c e/cu :ujiccce: e pceirc, uIi|izccc ce
rejunIe pcrc junIc finc em junIc |crgc e vice-ver:c, exce::c ce cguc ce
cmc::cmenIc, mcvimenIccc exce::ivc cc :uL:IrcIc, fccigc cc rejunIe pcr
cic|c: higrcIrmicc: eIc.
/|m ce::e: fcIcre:, c ccnIcIc enIre c rejunIe e c p|ccc cercmicc |i-
miIc-:e c pcucc: mi||meIrc: ce e:pe::urc e c|gumc: p|ccc: cpre:enIcm
e:mc|Ie nc: |cIerci: cevicc c: eIcpc: cc prcce::c ce fcLricccc. De::e
mccc, c ccerncic c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc: ficc cincc mci: ceLi|iIccc, c ue
pcce vir c ccmprcmeIer c ce:empenhc cc rejunIe.
Grimm {182, p.17), cpc: umc ccmpi|ccc ce mci: ce 200 crIigc:
:cLre permecLi|iccce c cguc, ccnc|ui ue c: |ccci: mci: :u:cepI|vei: c infi|-
Irccc :cc c: fi::urc: enIre c c|vencric {pcr cnc|cgic, c p|ccc cercmicc) e
c crgcmc::c ce c::enIcmenIc {pcr cnc|cgic, c rejunIe) e enIre c c|vencric
e cuIrc: e|emenIc: ccn:IruIivc:. lmcgincncc ue e::e: :ejcm c: pcnIc: mci:
frcgei: e :u:cepI|vei: cc cpcrecimenIc ce fi::urc:, 8irke|cnc: Svenc:en cpuc
Grimm {182, p.17) mc:Ircrcm ue c peneIrccc ce cguc cccrre em fi::u-
rc: ccm cLerIurc ccimc ce 0,1mm e ue c ccpi|criccce Icmc impcrIcncic
c pcrIir ce cLerIurc: mencre: ue 0,5mm:
pcr fi::urc: nc rejunIe: e::c: fi::urc: pccem cccrrer pe|c: me:mc: mcIivc:
expc:Ic: nc iIem cnIericr, mc: ne::e cc:c c ccrpc cc rejunIe cIingicc pe-
|c: fi::urc::
cIrcv: cc ccrpc cc rejunIe: cui, c rejunIe ncc cpre:enIc ccmpcciccce
:uficienIe pcrc eviIcr ue c cguc c Ircn:pc::e. Gc|cLerg {18, p.140) ciIc
ue cifici|menIe um rejunIe {cimenI|cic) prcpcrcicnc umc vecccc 1007
44
ccnficve|, pci: :empre exi:Iem pcnIc: ce infi|Irccc pcr efeiIc: ce ccpi|cri-
ccce cu chuvc: ce venIc ue peneIrcm cIrcv: ce micrc-fi::urc:.
III.5. FEkMIIIk DIFbSO DE VAFOk DE GbA
Umc cc: prcprieccce: cc: veccce: e :eu: re:pecIivc: cccLcmenIc:
:erem permecvei: cc vcpcr cc cguc, ccnIriLuincc pcrc c eui||Lric higrcIrmicc
enIre cci: cmLienIe: ci:IinIc:.
Cucncc um reve:IimenIc cercmicc cp|icccc, grcnce pcrIe cc crec re-
ve:Iicc Icrnc-:e IcIc|menIe impermecve| cc vcpcr e c cguc ||uicc, pe|c prcpric
fcIc ce ue c: p|ccc: c :cc. C nicc |ccc| ue pcce :er permecve| cc vcpcr c
rejunIe enIre c: p|ccc:. Ccmc Lem ciIc c lIC {14, p.10), c cup|c ccmpcrIcmen-
Ic ce impermecLi|iccce c cguc ||uicc e permecLi|iccce cc vcpcr ce:ejcve| nc
prcIicc e :c ccn:eguicc ccm c u:c ce mcIerici: ue ncc :ejcm cemc:icccmen-
Ie ccmpccIc: cu curc: e ue ncc :cfrcm fi::urc: ce reIrccc.
C lIC {14, p.10) fcz reccmenccce: ucnIc c crec m|nimc reccmencc-
ve| ce junIc: em re|ccc c crec reve:Iicc. /::im, pcrc |ccci: em ue c Irccc ce
vcpcr ce:ejcve| {:cunc:, ccmcrc: frigcr|ficc:), e::e in:IiIuIc reccmencc ue c
pcrcenIcgem ce junIc: ceve e:Icr enIre 107 e 157 cc crec reve:Iicc, ncc :encc
infericr c 57. / IcLe|c lll.1 {p.4) cpre:enIc c|gun: exemp|c: ce::c pcrcenIcgem
ce junIc: em re|ccc c crec IcIc| reve:Iicc.
Gc|cLerg {18, p.140) ciIc ue c cifu:cc ce vcpcr umc impcrIcnIe fun-
cc cc: rejunIe: e ue c|gumc: ncrmc: e cccigc: ce cLrc: reuerem ue um
m|nimc ce 107 cc :uperf|cie reve:Iicc :ejc permecve| cc vcpcr ce cguc, :ejc e|e
criuncc ce infi|Irccc cu cc ccncen:ccc cc umiccce cc cr. /|m ci::c, e::e
me:mc cuIcr ciIc ue, cc:c c umiccce ccnfinccc pe|c Lcixc permecLi|iccce cc
reve:IimenIc :cfrc ccncen:ccc inIer:Iicic|, pcce Ier in|cic umc ceIericrccc in-
Iernc cc vecccc {Gc|cLerg, 18, p.17).
Levcncc em ccnIc c: crienIcce: cnIericre: e cpc: cnc|i:e cc IcLe|c lll.1
{p.4), pcce-:e perceLer ue p|ccc: mcicre: ue 30cm exigem junIc: ccm |crgurc
ccimc cc |imiIe e:pecificccc pcrc c: rejunIe: Iipc junIc |crgc, ue :cc cceuccc:
pcrc junIc: cI cprcximcccmenIe 12mm {pcrc 107 ce crec ce junIc:).
Me:mc nc cc:c cc |imiIe infericr ce 57 pcrc c crec ||uicc ce junIc:, grcn-
ce: p|ccc: {50x50cm, 40x0cm) reuerem junIc: cemc:icccmenIe |crgc:, c ue
Icrnc invicve| c execucc cc reve:IimenIc cI pcr ue:Ice: e:IIicc:. /|m ci::c,
FermiIir cifu:cc ce vcpcr ce cguc
45
c cccLcmenIc cc rejunIe Icrnc-:e IrcLc|hc:c pcrc junIc: muiIc |crgc: e, pe|c:
IrcLc|hc: |cLcrcIcrici: rec|izccc: pcr e:Ie cuIcr, umc |crgurc :upericr cc: 10-12mm
jc inIrccuz umc cerIc cificu|ccce pcrc mcnIer c regu|criccce :uperficic| e c Lcm
cccLcmenIc cc rejunIe.
E::e impc::e pcce :er inIerpreIccc ce cuc: mcneirc: ci:IinIc:: 1
c
) cc:c :e
cpIe pcr vc|crizcr e:Ic funcc cc rejunIe, ceve :er e:IcLe|ecicc um Icmcnhc mc-
ximc ce p|ccc pc::|ve| ce :er uIi|izccc, cLrincc mcc cc u:c ce p|ccc: ce grcnce:
cimen:ce:. l::c pcce cccrrer, pcr exemp|c, nc cc:c ce :cunc: e ccmcrc: frigcr|fi-
cc:: 2
c
) cc:c :e cpIe pe|c u:c ce p|ccc: ce grcnce: cimen:ce:, ceve-:e re|egcr c
:eguncc p|cnc e::c funcc cc rejunIe. E::e Iipc ce ceci:cc ceve :er Icmccc pe|c
prcjeIi:Ic cc reve:IimenIc, ue preci:c pcncercr c: fcIcre: inIervenienIe: nc prcje-
Ic e cpIcr pe|c: ce mcicr impcrIcncic, :ejc e|c Icnicc cu e:IIicc.
III.. FkOFOkCIONAk ALVIO DE IENSES
C: ecif|cic: preci:cm :er ccn:icerccc: ccmc um ccnjunIc ccmp|exc ce
meccni:mc:, ncc ccmc um cLjeIc fi:iccmenIe inerIe. Suc fcrmc e c ncIurezc cc:
mcIerici: uIi|izccc: preci:cm :er cvc|iccc:, me:mc pcrue efeiIc: muiIc :ignificcIi-
vc: :cc criginccc: nc: inIercce: enIre e|e:.
Fe|c fcIc ce c reve:IimenIc cercmicc :er ccmpc:Ic ce ccmpcnenIe: e e-
|emenIc: civer:c: {rejunIe, p|ccc: cercmicc:, crgcmc::c cce:ivc e :uL:IrcIc),
cerIc :upcr ue cccc um ce|e: cpre:enIe IcmLm prcprieccce: ci:IinIc:. De::c
fcrmc, uc|uer mcvimenIccc criginccc em c|gum ce|e: :erc Ircn:miIicc cc:
cemci: cIrcv: cc: :eu: pcnIc: ce inIer|igccc.
Nc cc:c cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc, um pcnIc cr|Iicc c crgcmc::c cce:i-
vc ue, ucncc cIinge :eu |imiIe ce re:i:Incic ce ccerncic, |evc cc ce:p|ccc-
menIc |ccc| cu generc|izccc ue pcce ccmprcmeIer c :egurcnc cc: u:ucric:.
C: e:fcrc: ue cIucm :cLre c ccmccc ce fixccc pccem Ier civer:c: crigen:,
ccmc pcr exemp|c c reIrccc cc crgcmc::c ce regu|crizccc, c cefcrmccc
|enIc cc e:IruIurc, c mcvimenIccc higrcIrmicc cc e:IruIurc e cc prcpric reve:-
IimenIc, c reccc cc ecif|cic cc: e:fcrc: cincmicc: eIc. EnIreIcnIc, :ejc uc| fcr
c crigem cc: e:fcrc:, e|e: pccem |evcr c reve:IimenIc c cci: e:Iccc:, ccmpre:-
:cc e Irccc.
Frcpcrcicncr c||vic ce Ien:ce:
4
III..1. kevest|mento cerm|co suje|to troo
Fcrc ue c reve:IimenIc cercmicc e:Iejc :uLmeIicc c Irccc, :uc expcn-
:cc fci ce mencr cmp|iIuce cc ue cue|c cpre:enIccc pcr :uc Lc:e. l::c pcce
cccnIecer, pcr exemp|c, nc: pcnIc: cnce umc |cje cpre:enIc mcmenIc negcIivc
cu numc fcchccc cuecicc pe|c Sc| e ue :cfre chcue Irmicc cevicc c cccr-
rncic ce chuvc.
Nc cc:c cc: |cje:, pccem cccrrer fi::urc: nc rejunIe, ueLrc ce p|ccc: pcr
f|excc cu :imp|e:menIe ce:cc|cmenIc" cc: pec:. Ccmc IrcIc-:e ce reve:Iimen-
Ic hcrizcnIc|, c perigc pcrc c: u:ucric: m|nimc e c: ccnc: ccncenIrcm-:e nc
ue:iIc e:IIicc. Cucncc :e pen:c em reve:IimenIc: verIicci:, pcrIicu|crmenIe c:
ce fcchccc, c: ccn:encic: ce umc fc|hc muccm ce impcrIcncic e pccem
inccrrer em ri:cc pcrc c: u:ucric:. EnIreIcnIc, c inf|uncic ce fencmenc: c|c|icc:
{chcue: Irmicc:) frenIe c: Ien:ce: ce ci:c|hcmenIc ceccrrenIe: cc encurIc-
menIc" cc: p|ccc: pcce Icrncr-:e um c::unIc ccmp|exc.
/|m ci::c, ccmc c: cci: cc:c: :uprcciIccc: ncc |evcm c reve:IimenIc cc
e:Iccc em ue c rejunIe :cfre Ien:ce: ce ccmpre::cc, :uc funcc ce c||vic ce
e:fcrc: ccrece ce impcrIcncic. Ccmc i::c vci ce enccnIrc cc enfcue ce:Ie
IexIc, e:Ie iIem ncc :erc cLcrcccc em mcicre: ceIc|he:.
III..2. kevest|mento cerm|co suje|to compresso
De mcneirc :eme|hcnIe cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc :ujeiIc c Irccc, c
ccmpre::cc re:u|Ic ce umc vcriccc ce Icmcnhc enIre c reve:IimenIc e :uc Lc-
:e. Um exemp|c Lc:IcnIe ccmum ce::e fcIc :e ceve c ci|cIccc Irmicc cc cc-
mccc ce cccLcmenIc, ue cIinge mcicre: IempercIurc: cnIe: cc ccmccc ce
regu|crizccc pe|c fcIc ce e:Icr cireIcmenIe expc:Ic c: ccncice: cImc:fricc:.
/ ci|cIccc Irmicc cepence cc IempercIurc e cc: ccrccIer|:Iicc: cc p|c-
cc em ue:Icc. F|ccc: ce ciferenIe: ccmpc:ice: cpre:enIcm cceficienIe: ce
ci|cIccc ciferenciccc:. Fcrc umc me:mc p|ccc, enIreIcnIc, ccre: mci: e:curc:
inciccm mcicr cL:crcc ce energic, mcicr cumenIc ce IempercIurc e mcicr ci|c-
Iccc, c ue re:u|Ic nc :urgimenIc ce Ien:ce: mci: e|evccc: :cLre c ccmccc ce
fixccc. Em :uc Ie:e, CcmpcnIe {2001, p.30) cpre:enIc vcric: mecice: ce Iem-
percIurc em p|ccc: ce ccre: ciferenIe: e chegc c vc|cre: ce uc:e 70
c
C pcrc
p|ccc: e:curc: e 48
c
C pcrc p|ccc: c|crc:, cmLc: :cL in:c|ccc e pc:icicnccc: nc
fcchccc ce:Ie. l::c ccnIriLui pcrc exp|iccr c: cc:c: em ue um reve:IimenIc ce
47
fcchccc :cfre cc|cp:c cpenc: nc: |ccci: cnce e:Icc c::enIccc: p|ccc: ce ccre:
e:curc:.
Umc vez ue c rejunIe Iem pcpe| funccmenIc| nc ccmpcrIcmenIc cc re-
ve:IimenIc cercmicc ccmprimicc, umc exp|icccc ceIc|hccc ce ccmc i::c cccr-
re fcz-:e nece::cric e exiLicc nc :encic.
/ Figurc lll.5 i|u:Irc umc p|ccc c::enIccc :cLre c ccmccc ce regu|crizccc
e :ujeiIc c um cumenIc ce IempercIurc. Ne::e cc:c, c nicc impecimenIc pcrc
:eu cumenIc ce Icmcnhc repre:enIccc pe|c ccerncic cc p|ccc cc :uL:IrcIc,
c ue :e reverIe numc Ien:cc ce ci:c|hcmenIc nc inIerfcce p|ccc-crgcmc::c
cce:ivc IcnIc mcicr ucnIc mcicre: fcrem c vcriccc ce IempercIurc e c mccu|c
ce cefcrmccc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:.

o} IempercIurc cc p|ccc: I1. b} IempercIurc cc p|ccc: I2 > I1.
F|guro III.5. D||otoo trm|co de umo p|oco cerm|co ossentodo

Jc nc Figurc lll., vcric: p|ccc: e:Icc :uLmeIicc: cc me:mc cumenIc ce
IempercIurc. Se c rejunIe cferecer re:i:Incic c cefcrmccc {cu :e fcr execuIccc
c::enIcmenIc ccm junIc :ecc), c p|ccc mci: inIernc :erc IcmLm c ce mcicr
ccnfincmenIc, pci: Iccc: c: cemci: re:Iringem-:e c :uc ci|cIccc cevicc cc: e:-
fcrc: Ircn:miIicc: pe|c rejunIe pcucc cefcrmcve|. Umc vez ue mcicr ccnfinc-
menIc :ignificc mcicre: Ien:ce:, c p|ccc cenIrc| Icrnc-:e c mci: :c|iciIccc.
ExIrcpc|cncc e::e rccicc|nic pcrc um grcnce pcnc ce reve:IimenIc, c:
p|ccc: mci: inIernc: e:Icc ccnfinccc: pcr Iccc: c: cemci: cc :eu reccr, chegcn-
cc c pcnIc em ue c: Ien:ce: Icrncm-:e cemc:icccmenIe c|Ic:, u|Ircpc::cm c
re:i:Incic ce ccerncic e rcmpem c crgcmc::c cce:ivc, c ue pcce prcvcccr
f|cmLcgem cc ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc ccnfcrme mc:Irccc nc Figurc lll.7. Fcr
e::e mcIivc ue cevem :er previ:Ic: junIc: ce ci|cIccc c inIervc|c: regu|cre: e
uIi|izccc: rejunIe: ce Lcixc mccu|c ce cefcrmccc, |imiIcncc c: Ien:ce: c vc|cre:
Icmcnhc
criginc|
48
ncc prejucicici: e eviIcncc c fcrmccc ce pcnc: ccm ccmprimenIc: ce f|cmLc-
gem e|evccc:.

o} IempercIurc cc: p|ccc:: I1. b} IempercIurc cc: p|ccc:: I2 > I1.
F|guro III.. D||otoo trm|co de vr|os p|ocos cerm|cos ossentodos

Fcr cuIrc |ccc, :e c: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc fcrem preenchicc: ccm um
e|c:Icmerc, c: p|ccc: ci|cIcm-:e :em ue hcjc re:Iricc |cIerc| :ignificcIivc, c
ccmpcrIcmenIc incivicuc| :eme|hcnIe cc expc:Ic nc Figurc lll.5 e ncc hc cc-
mu|c ce Ien:ce: ce ccmpre::cc. /::im, c u:c ce junIc: preenchicc: ccm mcIeric|
ce Lcixc mccu|c e/cu c u:c ce um grcnce nmerc ce junIc: {u:c ce p|ccc: ce
peuenc: cimen:ce:) prcpcrcicncm um c||vic ce::c: Ien:ce: prejucicici: cc reve:-
IimenIc cercmicc, exercencc um efeiIc mccercccr :cLre c ccnjunIc.

F|guro III.7. Foro que |mpede ||ombogem do revest|mento [odoptodo do 8kE, 17}

Nc cc:c cc: reve:IimenIc: execuIccc: ccm junIc :ecc, e|e: pc::uem Lc:i-
ccmenIe c me:mc mccu|c ce cefcrmccc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc: e c efeiIc mc-
cercccr cc: junIc: ncc exi:Ie, c ue fcz ccm ue hcjc umc mcicr :c|iciIccc cc
crgcmc::c cce:ivc. Ccnc|ui-:e, enIcc, ue c: junIc: cevem exi:Iir em |crgurc c-
ceuccc e cevem cpre:enIcr um Lcm ccmpcrIcmenIc e|c:Icp|c:Iicc, :encc ue
i::c Icrnc-:e impre:cinc|ve| pcrIicu|crmenIe ucncc :cc e:perccc: cefcrmcce:
cprecicvei: cc :upcrIe {lIC, 14, p.134 e p.18).
Expcn:cc cc
Lcrcc :upericr
Fcrc ue impece c f|cm-
Lcgem, repre:enIccc pe|c
ccerncic cc crgcmc::c
F|ccc
ccnfinccc
4
/ |crgurc cceuccc cc: junIc:, enIreIcnIc, um c::unIc ccmp|exc e cc-
rece ce e:Iucc: ceIc|hccc:. /|gun: IexIc: :ugerem vc|cre:, mc: Iccc: preci:cm
:er enccrccc: cpenc: ccmc crienIcIivc:. C lIC {187, p.2) prcpce |crgurc: ce
junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc ce cccrcc ccm c Iipc ce mcIeric| cc: p|ccc: {IcLe|c lll.1)
e, ccmc c ncmenc|cIurc criginc| fci mcnIicc, c IcLe|c lll.2 cpre:enIc c c|c::ificc-
cc iIc|icnc prcpc:Ic pcr Fc|mcncri: Iime||ini {18, p.17).
Iobe|o III.1. Lorguro de juntos de ossentomento [odoptodo do IIC, 187}
kevest|mento
Formoto
[cm}
Espessuro
[mm}
Junto
[mm}
JuntoJmo|or |odo
[%}
% de jun-
tos
20

2 x 2 4 1 - 2 5 - 10 ,1 - 1,5
2,5 x 2,5 4 2 8,0 13,7
Moso|co
Gr:, gr: pcrce|c-
nicc, pcrce|cnc.
5 x 5 4 2 4,0 7,4
10 x 10 5 2 2,0 3,8
15 x 15 5 - 2 - 3 1,4 - 2 2, - 3,8
20 x 20 8 3 1,5 2,
Azu|ec ce ncy||cc,
gr:.
20 x 30 8 3 - 4 1 - 1,3 2,4 - 3,2
15 x 15 4 - 2, - 4 5,1 - 7,4
20 x 20 8 3,0 5,7
20 x 30 8 2,0 4,8
30 x 30 8 2,0 3,8
kevest|mento em
exter|ores:
Azu|ec ce ncy||cc,
gr:, k||nke|.
25 x 25 12 10 4,0 7,4
20 x 20 8 3,0 5,7
31 x 31 8 - 8 2 - 2, 3,7 - 4,
40 x 40 8 8 - 10 2 - 2,5 3,8 - 4,8
10 x 20 12 10 5,0 13,0
Fov|mentos em |nte-
r|ores e exter|ores:
Gr:, gr: pcrce|c-
nicc, K||nke|.
25 x 25 12 10 - 12 4 c 4,8 7,4 - 8,7

Fcr fim, um |Iimc pcnIc impcrIcnIe ceve :er mencicnccc: c u:c ce e:pc-
cccre: p|c:Iicc: curcnIe c c::enIcmenIc. Fcr um |ccc, e|e: pccem fcci|iIcr c e-
Icpc ce execucc e, pcr cuIrc, pccem ccnIriLuir pcrc c ceIericrccc preccce
cc reve:IimenIc pcr Ir: inccnvenienIe: principci:.
C primeirc ce|e: :e re:ume cc fcIc ce ue prejuciccm c ccerncic cc re-
junIe e c preenchimenIc IcIc| cc junIc ce c::enIcmenIc, ficcncc ccLerIc: pcr
umc finc ccmccc ue pcce ce:Icccr-:e mci: fcci|menIe cc ue nc: cemci: pcn-
Ic: {cnce c rejunIe e:Ic Lem cp|icccc e Iem Lcc e:pe::urc), pcrIicu|crmenIe

20
pcrc umc pec ce |ccc: L, C e |crgurc ce junIc e, c percenIuc| ce junIc: fci cc|cu|ccc ccmc
) )( (
) (
%
e C e L
C L e
+ +
+
=

50
ucncc c reve:IimenIc ficc :ujeiIc c e:Iccc: e|evccc: ce ccmpre::cc {H/FICG,
2002). l::c pcce |evcr c reve:IimenIc c e:Iccc: pcIc|cgicc: jc mencicnccc: cnIe-
ricrmenIe {ef|cre:cncic, mcnchcmenIc, umiccce inIernc eIc).
Iobe|o III.2. C|oss|||coo do cerm|co pJ revest. - odoptodo de Fo|monor|; I|me|||n| [18}
I|po Abs. [%} Mo|dogem Fr|nc|po| uso
/cy||cc 15 - 25 Ccmpre::cc Fcrece: inIernc:.
Ccttc|c|te 4 - 15 Ccmpre::cc Fi:c: inIernc:.
Cer. Lrcncc mcncueimc 0 - Ccmpre::cc Fi:c:.
Cer. verme|hc mcncueimc 0 - 12 Ccmpre::cc Fi:c:.
V|c|ccc
K||nke| 0 - 7 ExIru:cc Fcrece: exIernc:, pi:c:.
Ccttc 3 - 15 ExIru:cc Fcrece: inIernc:.
Ncc
v|c|ccc
K||nke| 0 - 7 ExIru:cc Fcrece: exIernc:, pi:c:.

C :eguncc inccnvenienIe c u:c ce e:pccccre: p|c:Iicc: nc eIcpc ce
c::enIcmenIc, c ue pcce incuzir c c::enIcccr c execuIcr um :ervic ce Lcixc
uc|iccce, ccnfcrme mc:Irccc nc Figurc lll.8.

C u:c ce e:pccccre: incuz c um c::en-
IcmenIc ce Lcixc uc|iccce, pci: c cp|i-
ccccr :imp|e:menIe cpcic c p|ccc nc
pcrIe infericr e c empurrc pe|c Icpc, :encc
pcucc prcvcve| ue hcjc e:mcgcmenIc
cceuccc cc: ccrcce: ce crgcmc::c
cce:ivc. Feuenc: impccIc: cccc: ccm c
mcc cu ccm mcrIe|c ce Lcrrcchc gerc|-
menIe ncc :cc :uficienIe: pcrc prcpcrcic-
ncr um Lcm preenchimenIc cc Icrccz cc:
p|ccc:.
F|guro III.8. Assentomento dos p|ocos com o oux||o de espoodores p|st|cos

C Ierceirc e |Iimc inccnvenienIe ue, c menc: ue c: e:pccccre: :e-
jcm Icc ccmpre::|vei: ucnIc c rejunIe, e|e: pccem prejuciccr c nece::cric mc-
vimenIccc cc: junIc:. / /S 358.1 {/S, 11, p.5) ciIc ue e:pccccre: pcucc
ccmpre::|vei: pccem prejuciccr c ce:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc :e fc-
rem ceixccc: nc |ccc|, mc: e::e Iipc ce cnc|i:e :e cp|icc ucncc c: p|ccc: :cc
rejunIccc: ccm mcIerici: ce Lcixc mccu|c, ccmc pcr exemp|c :e|cnIe: ce :i|icc-
ne.
DurcnIe c revi:cc ce::c ncrmc, HcrIcg {2002) e:c|crece ue c IenIcIivc ce
prciLicc cc u:c ce e:pccccre: p|c:Iicc: fci fcrIemenIe enfcIizccc, pe|c fcIc ce
51
ue :cc umc pcIencic| ccu:c ce prcL|emc: pcrc c reve:IimenIc. E::e me:mc cu-
Icr fri:c ue c u:c ce e:pccccre: crucifcrme: r|gicc: emLuIicc: nc rejunIe pcce
:er um fcIcr ceci:ivc pcrc c cccrrncic ce prcL|emc:. C Iermc u:ccc pcr e|e fci
:|ne quc ncn
21
. cu :ejc, prcL|emc: |cIenIe: ue ncc :e mcnife:Icricm cccLcm pcr
cccrrer pcr ccu:c cc exi:Incic ce e:pccccre: r|gicc: imer:c: nc rejunIe.
impcrIcnIe re::c|Icr ue c: e:pccccre: prcpcrcicncm c c::enIcmenIc
cc: p|ccc: ccm um Lcm c|inhcmenIc e :eu u:c prcveiIc:c em muiIc: :iIucce:.
De::c fcrmc, me:mc c: e:pccccre: crucifcrme: pccem :er uIi|izccc:, ce:ce ue
:ejcm remcvicc: cnIe: cc eIcpc ce rejunIcmenIc: e::e fcIc, c|m ce ncc prejuci-
ccr c ce:empenhc cc rejunIe, prcpcrcicnc c recprcveiIcmenIc cc: pec:. Exi:-
Iem IcmLm cuIrc: Iipc: ce e:pccccre:, ccmc cue|e: Iipc junIc cerIc", ccm
pec: e:pec|ficc: em fcrmc ce cruz e cunhc ue pccem :er remcvicc: e recprc-
veiIccc:.
III..2.1. kevest|mentos hor|zonto|s suje|tos compresso
Umc |cje p|cnc reve:Iicc ccm p|ccc: cercmicc: e:Ic :ujeiIc c f|excc e cc
ce:|cccmenIc verIicc| cc |cngc ce :uc vicc Ii|, :ejc e|e cevicc c cefcrmccc
|enIc ncIurc| cc ccncreIc cu pe|c cccrrncic ce :cLreccrgc: |ccc|izccc:. Fcrc
umc :iIuccc :imp|e: e ce ccrgc unifcrmemenIe ci:IriLu|cc, c Figurc lll. mc:Irc c
cicgrcmc ce mcmenIc f|eIcr cIucnIe e c ce:|cccmenIc verIicc| envc|vicc.
Ne::c :iIuccc, c |cje cpre:enIc um |eve encurIcmenIc nc Lcnzc :upericr,
c ue fcz ccm ue c reve:IimenIc cercmicc :ejc ccmprimicc. /|m ci::c, c regicc
cenIrc| e:Ic :ujeiIc cc mcximc mcmenIc f|eIcr e cpre:enIc c mencr rcic ce curvc-
Iurc {) e c mcicr f|echc. Fcrc umc me:mc p|ccc cercmicc r|gicc, mencre: rcic:
ce curvcIurc cc :uL:IrcIc imp|iccm em mcicre: e:fcrc: ce Irccc :cLre c crgc-
mc::c cce:ivc, cu :ejc, c: p|ccc: cenIrci: :cc c: mci: :c|iciIccc:. CucnIc mci:
r|gicc c rejunIe, mci: c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc reve:IimenIc :e cprcximc ccue|e ce
um ccrpc nicc e mencre: :cc c: f|echc: ue prcvcccm c ce:cc|cmenIc cc ccn-
junIc. Em cuIrc: pc|cvrc:, ucnIc mci: r|gicc c rejunIe, mcicr c inf|uncic negcIivc
cc f|echc cc |cje nc e:IcLi|iccce cc reve:IimenIc.

21
:|ne quc ncn: expre::cc em |cIim ue :ignificc :em c uc| ncc". lncicc umc ccncicc e::encic| pcrc
c rec|izccc cu cccrrncic ce um cIc.
52
M
p

o} mencre: f|echc: imp|iccm em mcicre: rcic: ce curvcIurc e mencre: Ien:ce: ce Irccc
:cLre c crgcmc::c cce:ivc:
b} mcicre: f|echc: imp|iccm em mencre: rcic: ce curvcIurc e mcicre: Ien:ce: ce Irccc.
F|guro III.. Momento ||etor sobre umo |oje p|ono

Cucncc c re:i:Incic ce ccerncic cc crgcmc::c vencicc, c e:fcrc ce
ccmpre::cc :cLre c: p|ccc: pcce cIingir c ccrgc ce f|cmLcgem cc ccnjunIc
p|ccc-crgcmc::c, fczencc ccm ue e|e :cfrc um cLcu|cmenIc ccrccIer|:Iicc
{Figurc lll.10). Ccmc c f|cmLcgem ccu:ccc pe|c ccmpre::cc, c pre:enc ce
junIc: ce Lcixc mccu|c ce cefcrmccc pc::iLi|iIc um c||vic ce::e: e:fcrc:, evi-
Icncc ue cIinjcm um vc|cr cr|Iicc.

F|guro III.10. F|ombogem do revest|mento cerm|co suje|to compresso

Lccc| ce rupIurc cc crgcmc::c
cepence ce vcric: fcIcre:, ccmc
pcr exemp|c: Iipc ce p|ccc, ccnci-
ce: cc :uL:IrcIc, uc|iccce cc
cp|icccc eIc.
Mencr rcic ce curvcIurc {) imp|i-
cc em mcicre: Ien:ce: ce Irccc
:cLre c crgcmc::c cce:ivc.
EI
M
=
1
o}
b}
53
III..2.2. kevest|mentos vert|co|s suje|tos compresso
Em umc pcrece verIicc|, pcce-:e :upcr ue ncc hcverc efeiIc :ignificcIivc
ce f|excc ccmc cccrre numc |cje p|cnc, ce fcrmc ue c ce:p|cccmenIc ceve :er
exp|icccc ce cuIrc fcrmc. /|gun: fcIcre: pccem inIerferir nc :urgimenIc ce::e
prcL|emc, ccmc ccncice: c|imcIicc: curcnIe c cp|icccc, ceficincic cc prepc-
rc cc Lc:e, errc ce e:pecificccc cc p|ccc e/cu crgcmc::c, Icnicc ce cp|icc-
cc ceficienIe, cp|icccc :cLre Lc:e muiIc jcvem eIc.
/ Figurc lll.11 mc:Irc umc pcrece reve:Iicc ccm p|ccc: cercmicc: 10x10cm
ccm junIc ce c::enIcmenIc ce 0,5cm, i|u:Ircncc c cc|cu|c cc ccrgc ce f|cmLc-
gem. Ne::e cc:c, c :cmcIcric cc ccmprimenIc cc: p|ccc: re:u|Ic em 2,85m e cc
rejunIe em 0,15m cprcximcccmenIe. / Figurc lll.12 mc:Irc c me:mc pcrece vi:Ic
em ccrIe |cngiIucinc|.

F|guro III.11. Forede suje|to compresso F|guro III.12. Deto|he do revest|mento

Supcncc ue c: ccmccc: ce cccLcmenIc e fixccc cc Figurc lll.11 :ejcm
repre:enIccc: pcr umc nicc pec p|cnc hcmcgnec ccm mccu|c ce cefcrmc-
cc E=40GFc ce 3m ce ccmprimenIc e 1m ce |crgurc :cL ccncice: ce exIremi-
ccce: crIicu|ccc:, c ccrgc cr|Iicc ue ccc:icnc :uc f|cmLcgem cccc pcr:

F|ccc: 10cmx10cm

3m:
. 2,85m ce cercmicc
. 0,15m ce rejunIe
1cm
F|ccc cercmicc
Ccmccc ce
regu|crizccc
FejunIe
/rgcmc::c
cce:ivc
54
Quodro III.1 - C|cu|o do corgo crt|co de ||ombogem
Dodos:
CcmprimenIc ce f|cmLcgem:
3m.

Legendo:
mcmenIc ce inrcic ce
umc p|ccc ce 1m ce |cr-
gurc e 1cm ce e:pe::urc:
Nf| ccrgc cr|Iicc ce f|cmLc-
gem.
4 8
3 3
10 . 33 , 8
12
) 01 , 0 ( * 1
12
m
m m bh
I
= = =
kN
m
m GPa
L
EI
N
fl
Fl
65 , 3
) 3 (
10 . 33 , 8 * 40 *
2
4 8 2
2
2
= = =

/ ccrgc peuenc pcrue repre:enIc c ||ombogem somente dos como-
dos de ocobomento e ||xoo, o que ocorre openos quondo h perdo de ode-
rnc|o. E::c ccrgc Nf| pcce :urgir ce cuc: mcneirc:: ci|cIccc cc reve:IimenIc cu
encurIcmenIc cc: ccmccc: cLcixc cc cccLcmenIc. Em cmLc: c: cc:c:, c
ccmpre::cc cIucnIe :cLre c ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc :e ceve cc: e:fcrc: ce
ci:c|hcmenIc Ircn:miIicc: pe|c ccmccc ce fixccc, c ue re:u|Ic num ccnjunIc
ce fcrc: ce Irccc e ccmpre::cc ue :c|iciIcm c crgcmc::c e pccem ccu:cr
:uc rupIurc.
ExcIcmenIe ne::e pcnIc ue :e in:ere umc funcc impcrIcnIe cc cc-
mccc ce regu|crizccc: cIenucr c: e:fcrc: prcvenienIe: cc cefcrmccc cc Lc-
:e. Defcrmcce: ciferencici: enIre e:IruIurc e c|vencric, pcr exemp|c, ci:IriLuem-:e
cc |cngc cc e:pe::urc cc ccmccc ce regu|crizccc e cIingem c ccmccc ce
fixccc e cccLcmenIc ccm inIen:iccce recuzicc, ciminuincc c prcLcLi|iccce cc
cccrrncic ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc:. CucnIc mencr c e:pe::urc cc ccmccc
ce regu|crizccc e mcicr :eu mccu|c E, mencr :uc ccpcciccce pcrc cL:crver"
cefcrmcce: e c|ivicr c: e:fcrc: :cLre c: ccmccc: ce cccLcmenIc e fixccc, c
ue pcce cumenIcr c ri:cc ce cccrrncic ce prcL|emc:, ccmc pcr exemp|c fi::u-
rc: e ce:IcccmenIc: ce p|ccc:.
Ccnc|uincc c rccicc|nic cc Cuccrc lll.1, c: cc|cu|c: mc:Irccc: nc Cuccrc
lll.2 e:Iimcm c vc|cr cc cefcrmccc nece::cric ue, cc:c :ejc re:Iringicc, cc cri-
gem c fcrc Nf| ue ccpcz ce prcvcccr c f|cmLcgem cc: ccmccc: ce ccc-
LcmenIc e fixccc.
Ccnfcrme reccmencccc pe|c N8F 13755 {/8NI, 15), c: p|ccc: pccem :er
c::enIccc: c pcrIir cc: 14 cic: cc ccnc|u:cc cc emLcc, prczc e::e cuvicc:c
ucncc :e pen:c em |imiIcr c inf|uncic cc reIrccc. FicriIIc {15, p.53) prcpce
vc|cre: ce reIrccc |ivre em vcric: iccce: e 8c:Ic: {2001, p.118) cLcrcc c reIrccc
55
impecicc
22
em cezenc: ce en:cic: ccm crgcmc::c: vcriccc:. Ccm Lc:e nc: cc-
cc: ce::e: cuIcre:, rczccve| :upcr ue, cpc: c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc:, cincc
re:Ic 507 cc reIrccc cc crgcmc::c ce regu|crizccc pcr cccrrer. /ccIcncc um
vc|cr ce reIrccc mcic ce 0,mm/m, c IcLe|c lll.3 mc:Irc c cefcrmccc ccu:c-
cc pcr e::e fencmenc e pcr cuIrc: ue IcmLm cgem :cLre c reve:IimenIc.

Quodro III.2. Vor|oo de compr|mento equ|vo|ente corgo de ||ombogem

Legendo:
Ien:cc ncrmc| nc Lcrcc cc p|ccc:
cefcrmccc e:pec|ficc:
L vcriccc ce ccmprimenIc nc p|ccc
ce 3m.
* 10 . 40
01 , 0 * 1
65 , 3
.
6
kPa
m m
kN
E = =
% 00091 , 0 10 . 1 , 9
6
= =

mm m L L 03 , 0 3 . 10 . 1 , 9 *
6
= = =

EmLcrc c: cc|cu|c: Ienhcm :icc feiIc: ce fcrmc :imp|ificccc e :em ccn:ice-
rcr c inIerccc enIre c crgcmc::c cce:ivc, c ccmccc ce regu|crizccc e c Lc:e,
chegcu-:e c vc|cre: ce cefcrmccc muiIc :upericre: cc expc:Ic nc Cuccrc lll.2, c
ue exp|icc c pc::|ve| rupIurc exp|c:ivc" cc ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc ucncc
hc percc ce ccerncic ccm c ccmccc ce regu|crizccc.
C: vc|cre: cc: cefcrmcce: ccu:ccc: pe|c reIrccc ncc rever:|ve| e pe|c
ci|cIccc Irmicc :cc impcrIcnIe:, pci: cccrrem rcpiccmenIe e ciminuem c pc:-
:iLi|iccce ce cccmccccc ce e:fcrc: pe|c: fencmenc: ce f|uncic e re|cxccc.
/::im, e|e: preci:cm :er cL:crvicc: pcr mcIerici: re:i|ienIe:, ccmc crgcmc::c cce-
:ivc e rejunIe f|ex|vei:. 8cwmcn {17, p.2) ciIc ue fc|hc: pccem cpcrecer cevicc
cc: grccienIe: Irmicc: {cuecimenIc/re:fricmenIc) ue cccnIecem num me:mc
cic, pci: c e:fcrc ceccrrenIe cc rcpicc expcn:cc Irmicc cc reve:IimenIc ncc
Iem Iempc hcLi| pcrc :er ci::ipccc.
Nc cc:c cc cefcrmccc |enIc cc e:IruIurc, c vc|cr cLIicc pcrc c cefcr-
mccc e|evccc e pcce :er um grcnce ccnIriLuinIe pcrc c :urgimenIc ce Ien-
:ce: muiIc prejucicici: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cc |cngc ce :uc vicc Ii|, pcrIicu-
|crmenIe :e ncc fcrem previ:Ic: junIc: ce ci|cIccc cceucccmenIe pc:icicnc-
cc:. E::e fcIcr, ccmLinccc ccm c u:c ce rejunIe: cemc:iccc r|gicc:, p|ccc: ce
grcnce: cimen:ce: e fccigc cc: mcIerici: pccem exp|iccr ce mcneirc ccerenIe

22
En:cic em ue c reIrccc cc crgcmc::c fci re:Iringicc cevicc cc pc:icicncmenIc ce umc gre|hc
5
c|gumc: mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc: ce reve:IimenIc: cercmicc: nc: primeirc: c-
nc: ce enIregc cc cLrc. Um fcIc cIenucnIe, enIreIcnIc, ue c reve:IimenIc ce-
rcmicc :cmenIe execuIccc cpc: c ccnc|u:cc cc: c|vencric: e cc prcpric e:Iru-
Iurc ce ccncreIc, cu :ejc, Lcc pcrIe cc ccrgc permcnenIe cc ecif|cic jc e:Ic cIu-
cncc, c: cefcrmcce: in:IcnIcnec: jc cccrrercm e umc pcrIe cc cefcrmccc
|enIc IcmLm jc :e prcce::cu. / prcpric N8F 13755 {/8NI, 1, p.3) veIc c exe-
cucc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc exIernc :em ue c e:IruIurc e c c|vencric e:Ie-
jcm ccnc|u|cc:.
Iobe|o III.3. Cousos de de|ormoes no revest|mento e prozos envo|v|dos
Couso Frozo envo|v|do De|ormoo
FeIrccc ncc
rever:|ve| cc
ccmccc ce
regu|crizccc
Fcucc: me:e:
{ncc c|c|icc)
mm m m mm L 9 , 0 00 , 3 * / 6 , 0 * % 50 = =
McvimenIccc
Irmicc cc:
p|ccc: cc re-
ve:IimenIc
Hcrc:
{c|c|icc*)
mm C mm T l L
o
57 , 0 40 * 2850 * 10 . 5 . .
6
= = =

EFU
23

/nc:
{ncc c|c|icc)
mm m m mm L 57 , 0 85 , 2 * / 2 , 0 = =
Defcrmccc
|enIc
24

/nc:
{ncc c|c|icc)
mm L 00 , 3 3000 * 001 , 0 = =
*Fencmenc: c|c|icc: :cc mci: grcve:, pci: pccem imp|iccr em fccigc cc: mcIerici:.

Ccmc |Iimc fcIcr, c fencmenc cc EFU {expcn:cc pcr umiccce) Iem cci:
ccmpcnenIe: impcrIcnIe:: c pcrIe rever:|ve| e c pcrIe irrever:|ve|. / pcrIe rever:|ve|
um fencmenc f|:icc ccu:ccc pe|c cc:crcc ce cguc pe|c ccrpc cc pec, ue
cccLc pcr cumenIcr ce vc|ume. /pc: :cfrer :eccgem, enIreIcnIc, reIcrnc cc :eu
vc|ume inicic|. / pcrIe irrever:|ve| um fencmenc u|micc ue :e prcce::c em
virIuce cc reccc cc cguc ccm c|gun: ccmpc:Ic: cc ccrpc cc cercmicc, ccmc
:i|iccc|umincIc: cmcrfc:, minerci: ce:icrcIccc:, :||icc cmcrfc: cc recgir uimicc-
menIe, c cguc ncc mci: ceixc c ccrpc cercmicc e c vcriccc ce vc|ume irre-
ver:|ve| {lIC, 14, p.130).

meIc|icc nc funcc cc fcrmc.
23
EFU - expcn:cc pcr umiccce. Ver ccmenIcric: nc :encic cc IexIc.
24
C vc|cr cc cceficienIe ce cefcrmccc |enIc fci e:Iimccc pcrc um ccncreIc ce E=25GFc ccm ccrgc c
ccmpre::cc ce 10MFc, ccn:icercncc c cefcrmccc finc| ccmc 2507 cc inicic|. /::im, chegc-:e c
10MFc/25GFc*2,5=1mm/m. E::e cceficienIe vcric ccnfcrme c riImc cc cLrc e c regime ce ce:cimLrc-
menIc cc e:IruIurc {SIUCCHl, infcrmccc verLc|). /::im, ccn:icercncc ue 10MFc umc ccrgc ccn:er-
vcccrc e 25GFc c mccu|c cc: 28cic: ce um ccncreIc ce Lcc uc|iccce, e::e cceficienIe pcce cu-
menIcr cincc mci:.
57
Sencc c EFU um fencmenc ue cepence cc cL:crcc ce cguc, e|e :e re-
ve:Ie ce mcicr impcrIcncic nc: p|ccc: mci: pcrc:c:, cczicc: c IempercIurc: mci:
Lcixc:. /: p|ccc: ce pcrc:iccce muiIc Lcixc e ue fcrcm cczicc: c IempercIurc:
e|evccc: cpre:enIcm pcucc inf|uncic ucncc :cL ccc cc cguc e c EFU Iem
re|evcncic muiIc peuenc {lIC, 14, p.130).
E::e fencmenc cincc merece e:Iucc: mci: ceIc|hccc: e 8cwmcn {17,
17c) c|crc em cfirmcr ue c mIccc cIuc| ce ceIerminccc cc EFU ncc
ccpcz ce ref|eIir c rec|iccce cc |cngc cc vicc Ii| cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:. Encc:-
:cncc e::c cfirmccc, 8cuer: Fcgc {2000) expcem civer:c: re:u|Iccc: ce EFU, ue
vcricm ccnfcrme c mIccc ce en:cic uIi|izccc. 8cwmcn {2002, p.11) ciIc ue c
EFU um fencmenc ccmp|exc e c ceIerminccc cc :eu vc|cr ce:ce c in:IcnIe
em ue c: p|ccc: :c|rcm cc fcrnc ncc nece::cricmenIe umc Icrefc fcci|.
Seguncc 8cwmcn {2002, p.11), exi:Iem p|ccc: ue ncc ccu:cm prcL|emc:
ucncc em :ervic me:mc Iencc EFU :upericr c 0,mm/m e pcr e::e mcIivc ue
c|gumc: ncrmc: :ugerem vc|cre: infericre: c e::e e ncc c impce ccmc vc|cr Icxc-
Iivc. / lSC 10545:FcrI 10 {lSC, 15), emLcrc ncc ciIe |imiIe: mcximc: pcrc c EFU,
enfcIizc ue / mcicric cc: p|ccc: e:mc|Iccc: e ncc e:mc|Iccc: Iem expcn:cc
pcr umiccce ce:prez|ve| e ue ncc ccnIriLui pcrc prcL|emc: nc reve:IimenIc
ucncc e:Icc ccrreIcmenIe fixccc:. Ccm prcIicc: ce fixccc ncc :cIi:fcIcric: cu
em cerIc: ccncice: c|imcIicc:, expcn:cc pcr umiccce em exce::c {> 0,mm/m)
pcce ccnIriLuir pcrc prcL|emc:".
Gc|cLerg {18, p.178) re::c|Ic ue, emLcrc c EFU pc::c rec|menIe ccnIri-
Luir pcrc c :urgimenIc ce fc|hc: cevicc: c mcvimenIccc ciferencic|, exi:Iem cu-
Irc: fcIcre: envc|vicc: e ue Im inf|uncic muiIc mci: ccenIuccc. 8cwmcn {17,
p.2) ciIc ue, cc: mci: ce 100 cc:c: ce ce:p|cccmenIc ce czu|ejc: e:Iucccc:,
cpenc: 107 ce|e: cpre:enIcrcm EFU :ignificcIivc.
Fcr fim, 8cwmcn: We:IgcIe {2002) re::c|Icm ue vcric: fcIcre: pccem ccn-
IriLuir pcrc fc|hc: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc e, emLcrc c EFU :ejc um ce|e:, ce
cif|ci| ucnIificccc cevicc cc: vcric: fcIcre: envc|vicc:, ccmc pcr exemp|c: vcri-
ccc cc Iipc ce p|ccc, IempercIurc ce reueimc, in:IcnIe cc ceIerminccc cc
Icmcnhc inicic| cc p|ccc, percenIcgem cc EFU ue cccrre nc in|cic cc re:fric-
menIc cc p|ccc cincc cenIrc cc fcrnc eIc.
FerceLe-:e ue c EFU um c::unIc ccmp|exc e cincc ncc IcIc|menIe e-
uccicnccc, :ejc em Iermc: ce ceIerminccc cc vc|cr rec| :ejc em Iermc: cc
inf|uncic ce::e fencmenc nc: prcL|emc: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc. C ue :e
58
pcce cecuzir cpc: c |eiIurc cc: vcric: IrcLc|hc: ciIccc: ue c EFU Iem pcucc
inf|uncic nc :urgimenIc ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc: e ue, ucncc ccuire
impcrIcncic :ignificcIivc, e:Ic c::cciccc c vcric: cuIrc: fcIcre: ue cu|mincm pcr
ccc:icncr c :urgimenIc ce c|gum Iipc ce prcL|emc.
Cccc um cc: fcIcre: expc:Ic: cnIericrmenIe {EFU, reIrccc, cefcrmccc
|enIc e ci|cIccc Irmicc) cIuc em ccnjunIc e :uc inf|uncic pcce :er cgrcvccc
cu cIenuccc pcr c|gumc: ccncice:, ccnfcrme expc:Ic nc IcLe|c lll.4.
/|Iercncc c enfcue cccc c e::e c::unIc, pcce-:e re|ccicncr c ccmpcr-
IcmenIc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc ccmc :encc :eme|hcnIe cc ce umc p|ccc
ccmprimicc e vincu|ccc |cIerc|menIe pcr cpcic: e|c:Iicc:. E::e: cpcic: :cc repre-
:enIccc: pe|c crgcmc::c cce:ivc, ue Iem :eu ce:empenhc cfeIccc pe|c mcc-
ce-cLrc, pe|c uc|iccce cc: mcIerici: e pe|c: ccncice: cmLienIci: nc mcmenIc
cc cp|icccc.
Iobe|o III.4. Fotores ogrovontes e otenuontes de ogentes de degrodoo
Agrovontes Atenuontes
. cIuccc :imu|Icnec e em ciferenIe: inIen-
:iccce::
. fccigc cc: mcIerici: ccc:icnccc pcr cgen-
Ie: ce ccrcIer c|c|icc:
. cu:ncic ce junIc: ce ci|cIccc e u:c ce
junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc ce peuenc |crgurc
e/cu rejunIe ccm c|Ic mccu|c ce cefcrmc-
cc:
. c::enIcmenIc ccm crgcmc::c cce:ivc
r|gicc:
. u:c ce p|ccc: ce grcnce: cimen:ce:, cimi-
nuincc c ucnIiccce ce junIc:.
. cefcrmcce: :imu|Icnec: cc :uL:Irc-
Ic/Lc:e e cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, c ue prc-
pcrcicnc ciminuicc cc: cefcrmcce: cife-
rencici: e c||vic ce Ien:ce::
. re|cxccc cc: Ien:ce: cc :uL:IrcIc:
. u:c ce crgcmc::c: f|ex|vei: e ce Lcixc mc-
cu|c ce cefcrmccc:
. Iempc: ce curc cceuccc: cc: vcric:
ccmccc::
. u:c ce junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc ce grcnce
|crgurc.

EnIcc, numc :iIuccc em ue c reve:IimenIc expc:Ic nc Figurc lll.11 {p.53)
:cfre um encurIcmenIc rec| ce 1mm prcvccccc pcr civer:c: cefcrmcce: :imu|-
Icnec:, c Ien:cc ce ccmpre::cc pcce :er cc|cu|ccc pcr:
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ = =

rej
rej
placas
placas
i
i
E
L
E
L
F
L
E
L
L *
01 , 0 * 1
*
{1)

Fcrc p|ccc: ccm E=0GFc e rejunIe ccm E=10GFc, chegc-:e c:
kN F
m kN
m
m kN
m
m m
F
m 160
/ 10 . 10
15 , 0
/ 10 . 60
85 , 2
*
01 , 0 * 1
001 , 0
2 6 2 6
= |
.
|
\
|
+ = {2)

5
Fcrc cuIrc: cccc: cc mccu|c ce cefcrmccc cc: p|ccc: e rejunIe: e cife-
renIe: |crgurc: ce junIc, c IcLe|c lll.5 mc:Irc c: vc|cre: ce ccmpre::cc cLIicc:. C:
vc|cre: ce 1GFc e 7GFc fcrcm enccnIrccc: nc: en:cic: |cLcrcIcrici: e c vc|cr ce
1GFc fci cccIccc c I|Iu|c ce ccmpcrccc.
/pc: umc cnc|i:e cc IcLe|c lll.5, pcce-:e cfirmcr ue c junIc ce c::enIc-
menIc prcpcrcicnc um impcrIcnIe c||vic cc: Ien:ce:, mc: :uc |crgurc ncc pcce
u|Ircpc::cr c: |imiIe: m|nimc: e mcximc: ce|imiIccc: pcr fcIcre: e:IIicc:. /::im, c
mccu|c cc rejunIe cpre:enIc um pcIencic| :en:ive|menIe mcicr pcrc c cLIencc
ce::e me:mc efeiIc. IcmLm, c u:c ce p|ccc: ce grcnce: cimen:ce: e ce c|Ic
mccu|c ce cefcrmccc cumenIc ccn:icercve|menIe c: Ien:ce: :cLre c reve:Ii-
menIc.
Iobe|o III.5. Compresso sobre o comodo de ocobomento
Ep|ocos [Gpo} Erejunt [Gpo} Lp|ocos* [m} Lrejunt** [m} Junto [mm} F [kN}
0 1 2,85 0,15 5 181
0 1 2,70 0,30 10 17
0 7 2,85 0,15 5 147
0 7 2,70 0,30 10 118
0 1 2,85 0,15 5 53
G
r
:

1
0
x
1
0

0 1 2,70 0,30 10 31
70 1 2, 0,04 5 22
70 1 2,3 0,07 10 21
70 7 2, 0,04 5 210
70 7 2,3 0,07 10 11
70 1 2, 0,04 5 12
F
c
r
c
e
|
c
n
c
I
c

4
0
x
4
0

70 1 2,3 0,07 10 87
* ScmcIcric cc ccmprimenIc ce Iccc: c: p|ccc: cc pcnc ce 3m.
** ScmcIcric cc |crgurc ce Iccc: c: junIc: cc pcnc ce 3m.

C vc|cr ce 1mm cccIccc pcrc c execucc cc: cc|cu|c: um vc|cr rec| e
fcci|menIe cIingicc pe|c: ccu:c: |i:Iccc: nc IcLe|c lll.3 {p.5). /::im, ccnc|ui-:e
ue c: vcricce: cimen:icnci: ncrmci: ce um ecif|cic pccem fcci|menIe ccc:icncr
c f|cmLcgem cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cc:c ncc :ejcm Icmccc: prcvicncic:
ccL|vei: pcrc cmenizcr :uc inf|uncic :cLre e|e.
CuIrc: fcIcre: g|cLci: cc cLrc, ccmc c rcpicez ce execucc, c u:c ce
grcnce: vcc: e c e:Le|Iez cc: e|emenIc: e:IruIurci:, ccnIriLuem pcrc c :urgimenIc
ce ncvc: e:fcrc: ce cif|ci| men:urccc e ue ncc pccem :er cL:crvicc: pcr jun-
Ic: ce c::enIcmenIc ce peuenc |crgurc e e|evccc rigicez. C lIC {187, p.25)
0
expce um e:Iucc cc Sccieccce Frcnce:c ce Cercmicc ue ccnc|uiu ue c e:Ic-
Li|iccce cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cepence funccmenIc|menIe cc iccce cc
Lc:e e cc pre:enc ce junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc. E::c iccce cc Lc:e envc|ve c:
cuc: ccmccc: cc reve:IimenIc, fixccc e regu|crizccc, e IcmLm c prcpric
:uL:IrcIc, gercncc umc inIercepencncic enIre e|c: ue cLcrcccc nc iIem
:eguinIe.
Ccmc um re:umc cc c::unIc, c Figurc lll.13 i|u:Irc c|gumc: vcricvei: envc|-
vicc: nc eIcpc ce e:pecificccc cc |crgurc cc: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc e Icm-
Lm c|gun: ccmenIcric: c re:peiIc ce cccc umc ce|c:.

Ver iIem lll.5, pcg 44. Ver iIem ll.4, pcg 21

Ver iIem lll., pcg 45. Ver iIem lll.1, pcg 37.

F|guro III.13. A|guns |otores que |n||uenc|om no |orguro dos juntos de ossentomento

III..3. Interdependnc|o entre comodos
/c :er execuIccc c cp|icccc ce vcric: ccmccc: :cLrepc:Ic:, cccc umc
ce|c: ceve :upcrIcr e:fcrc: prcvenienIe: cc: cemci:, :ejcm e|e: criuncc: cc re-
Irccc, expcn:cc cu cc ciferenc ce ccmpcrIcmenIc meccnicc e higrcIrmicc,
ccrccIer|:Iicc: ce cccc ccmccc. EmLcrc ncc :ejc pc::|ve| prever ce mcneirc
excIc c: Ien:ce: ceccrrenIe: ce cccc fencmenc, ficc c|crc ue, :e exi:Iirem Iem-
pc: m|nimc: enIre c ccnfeccc ce cccc umc cc: ccmccc: cc reve:IimenIc, c:
e:fcrc: cIucnIe: :ercc cmenizccc:.
E::e: e:fcrc: cevem :er cL:crvicc:" pe|c cefcrmccc cc: vcric: ccmc-
cc: e cc |cngc cc Iempc :cc cIenuccc: pe|c: efeiIc: ce re|cxccc e f|uncic, Icc
E:IIicc
E:pe::urc
cc: p|ccc:
Icmcnhc
cc: p|ccc:
/||vic ce
Ien:ce:
Iipc ce
p|ccc
Grcnce: ci-
men:ce: ce
p|ccc: cpre-
:enIcm grcn-
ce vcriccc
cimen:icnc|,
exigincc |crgu-
rc: ce junIc
mcicre:.
Ccnfcrme c Iipc
{IempercIurc ce
ueimc, cL:cr-
cc eIc), c
vcriccc cimen-
:icnc| pcce :er
ciferenIe pcrc
p|ccc: ce me:-
mc Icmcnhc.
F|ccc: ce e:pe::urc: mcicre: exigem junIc: mci:
|crgc:, ce mccc c fcci|iIcr c peneIrccc cc rejunIe.
Difu:cc ce
vcpcr
Lorguro dos juntos
de ossentomento
Iipc ce
rejunIe
1
mci: fcvcrcvei: cc reve:IimenIc ucnIc mcicre: c: prczc: ce execucc. Devicc c:
impc:ice: cc crcncgrcmc cc cLrc, enIreIcnIc, c: inIervc|c: enIre c ccnfeccc
cc: ccmccc: expc:Ic: nc Figurc lll.14 Iencem c :er ciminu|cc: em ceIrimenIc cc:
c:pecIc: Icnicc: envc|vicc: e ue cevericm :er cL:ervccc:.

N8F 13754 {1) i: 7 cic: ELl/NE {2000) i: 14 cic: N8F 13753 {1) 28 cic:
8/FFCS {18) i: 7 cic: ELl/NE {2000) e: 28 cic: N8F 13754 {1) 14 cic:
N8F 13755 {1) e: 14 cic: N8F 7200 {18) 21 cic: CU/FIZCLlI {2003) 28 cic:
8/FFCS {18) e: 15 cic: CU/FIZCLlI {2003) 14 cic: GCLD8EG {18,p.8) >30 cic:
lIC {14, p.11) 14 cic: 8S5385 {11, p.) 14 cic: /S358 {12, p.41) 28 cic:
lIC {14, p.13) 28 cic:

N8F 13753 {1) 3 cic: /NF/CEF {18) 3 cic: 8/FFCS {18) 3 cic:
N8F 13754 {1) 3 cic: CU/FIZCLlI {2003) 3 cic: ELl/NE {2000) 3 cic:
N8F 13755 {1) 3 cic: /8CCC {18) 3 cic: FCFIC8ELLC {18) 2 cic:
8S5385 {11, p.24) 3 cic: lIC {14, p.124) >24h lIC {14, p.124) 3 cic:

N8F 13753 {1) 7 cic: CU/FIZCLlI {2003) 14 cic:
/8CCC {18) 7 cic: /S358 {12, p.45) 7 cic:
CU/FIZCLlI {2003) 7 cic: lIC {14, p.124) 14 cic:
ELl/NE {2000) 24h /S358 {12, p.45) 7 cic:

F|guro III.14. Iempos mn|mos de curo recomendodos poro execuo do revest|mento

C e:Iucc cc: Ien:ce: re:u|IcnIe: nc: civer:c: ccmccc: ce reve:IimenIc
um c::unIc Lc:IcnIe cmp|c, Icrncncc-:e cincc mci: cen:c ucncc :cc ccicicnc-
cc: fcIcre: ce mcvimenIccc higrcIrmicc. FicriIIc {14) fcz c|gumc: ccn:icerc-
ce: c re:peiIc ce::c: Ien:ce:, cccIcncc c|gun: vc|cre: pcrc c: mccu|c: ce e|c:-
Ccmccc ce regu|crizccc
{i = inIernc: e = exIernc)
Superf|cie ce ccncreIc
/rgcmc::c cce:ivc {c::enIcmenIc)
/p|icccc cc rejunIe
LiLerccc cc u:c finc|
2
Iiciccce e cuIrc: grcncezc: envc|vicc:. EnIreIcnIc, c: re:u|Iccc: enccnIrccc: nc:
en:cic: |cLcrcIcrici: ue fcrcm rec|izccc: pcrc c e|cLcrccc ce:Ie IrcLc|hc mc:-
Ircrcm ue exi:Ie grcnce vcriccc cc: prcprieccce: cc: rejunIe: ce um me:mc
Iipc mc: ce ciferenIe: fcLriccnIe:, emLcrc c: ccncice: ce ccnfeccc cc: ccr-
pc: ce prcvc Ienhcm :icc c: me:mc: pcrc Iccc: c: prccuIc:.
8cwmcnn: 8cnk: {2002, p.1-), u:cncc c mIccc cc: e|emenIc: finiIc: pcrc
cnc|i:cr um reve:IimenIc cercmicc, fizercm vcric: :imp|ificcce: pcrc permiIir c
enIrccc ce cccc: e, cc finc|, inciccm c nece::iccce ce um e:Iucc experimenIc|
rec| pcrc IenIcr prever c fc|hc ce um reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
Ficc evicenIe, enIcc, ue c nmerc ce vcricvei: fcrc cc ccnIrc|e Iecricc
:ignificcIivc, :encc cIuc|menIe invicve| reprccuzir mcIemcIiccmenIe c e:Iccc ce
Ien:ce: c ue c reve:IimenIc cercmicc e:Ic :uLmeIicc. Fcce-:e, :im, inferir c: pcn-
Ic: mci: cr|Iicc: cc :uL:i:Iemc e enIcc prevenir fc|hc: |ccc|izccc: curcnIe c exe-
cucc cc: IrcLc|hc:.
Fcr fim, um e:Iucc cc Sccieccce Frcnce:c ce Cercmicc, expc:Ic nc lIC
{187, p.25), ccnc|ui ue c curcLi|iccce cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cpenc: pcce
:er c::egurccc :e c :uL:IrcIc fcr curccc pcr um Iempc m|nimc cnIe: cc c::enIc-
menIc e :e hcuver junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc enIre c: p|ccc: cercmicc:. EmLcrc
ncc :ejcm cccc: mcicre: ceIc|he: :cLre c c::unIc, c cuIcr ce:Ie IexIc enIence
ue c curcLi|iccce refere-:e cc Iempc em ue c: p|ccc: ficcrcc ccericc: cc
:uL:IrcIc.
III.7. OIIMIIAk A ADEkNCIA DAS FLACAS
/ ccerncic cc rejunIe c: p|ccc: cercmicc: pcce :er meccnicc e/cu u|-
micc e inf|uenciccc pe|c ccmpcIiLi|iccce cc: mcIerici: uIi|izccc:, Icnicc ce
cp|icccc e |impezc cc: junIc:. / fc|Ic ce ccerncic rejunIe/p|ccc pcce cLrir
prececenIe: pcrc c enIrccc ce civer:c: cgenIe: nccivc: cc reve:IimenIc, :encc
e::c preccupccc pcrIicu|crmenIe impcrIcnIe pcrc c cc:c cc c::enIcmenIc em
fcchccc:. Cc:c c ccmpcrIcmenIc c|c|icc ce expcn:cc e reIrccc Irmicc ncc
:ejc :upcrIccc pe|c rejunIe e ccu:e fi::urccc, c peneIrccc ce cguc pcce ccn-
IriLuir pcrc c cpcrecimenIc ce :imp|e: mcnchc: cI prcL|emc: mci: grcve: ccmc
c ce:IcccmenIc ce p|ccc:. /::im :encc, funccmenIc| ue c: junIc: e:Iejcm
i:enIc: ce pceirc e cuIrc: ccnIcmincnIe: ue pccem prejuciccr c crec ce ccnIc-
Ic cc rejunIe ccm c: p|ccc:.
CIimizcr ccerncic cc: p|ccc:
3
/|m cc ccerncic c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc:, c rejunIe ceve IcmLm e:Icr em
ccnIcIc ccm c funcc cc junIc, cumenIcncc incireIcmenIe c crec ce ccnIcIc cc:
p|ccc: ccm c :uL:IrcIc, c ue prcpcrcicnc um cumenIc ce ccerncic IcnIc mci-
cr ucnIc mcicr c crec cc: junIc: em re|ccc c crec IcIc| {lIC, 187, p.2). Fcrc
p|ccc: ce grcnce: cimen:ce:, e::e cumenIc pcce :er ce:prez|ve|. EnIreIcnIc, i::c
ncc cccrre nc cc:c ce c|gumc: pc:Ii|hc:, cnce c rejunIe Iem pcpe| muiIc impcr-
IcnIe nc ccerncic ce::c: p|ccc: cc :uL:IrcIc.
Nc: rejunIe: mcncccmpcnenIe:, c fencmenc ce ccerncic :e cc princi-
pc|menIe pcr cnccrcgem meccnicc, cu :ejc, pcr peneIrccc cc pc:Ic e cri:Ic|i-
zccc nc inIericr cc: pcrc: cc p|ccc cercmicc, ccmc mc:Irccc nc Figurc lll.15.

F|guro III.15. Esboo do oncorogem mecn|co do orgomosso oo substroto

Cc:c c rejunIe :ejc cp|icccc c p|ccc: ccm cL:crcc e|evccc e ncc pc:-
:uc cceuccc ccpcciccce ce reIencc ce cguc, pcce hcver umc ce:ccnIinui-
ccce ce::e fencmenc, :encc c cguc cL:crvicc muiIc rcpiccmenIe :em crrc:Icr
ccn:igc c: ccmpcnenIe: cc pc:Ic. Fcr cuIrc |ccc, cc:c c p|ccc Ienhc cL:crcc
muiIc Lcixc, c pc:Ic ncc :erc cL:crvicc cceucccmenIe e :ercc nece::cric: cci-
Iivc: ue prcpcrcicnem ccerncic u|micc.
/|gun: fcLriccnIe: ccmecr c fcrnecer umc |inhc ce rejunIe: Lc:IcnIe e:-
pec|ficc, cnce exi:Iem prccuIc: cceuccc: pcrc cccc Iipc ce p|ccc c :er rejun-
Iccc, ccmc, pcr exemp|c, pcrce|cncIc, mcrmcre, grcniIc, gr:. E::c ci:pcniLi|icc-
ce ce prccuIc: Iem pcr cLjeIivc mcximizcr :eu ce:empenhc ce cccrcc ccm c:
ccrccIer|:Iicc: cc: p|ccc: :encc rejunIccc:, cIimizcncc c ccerncic e ciminuincc
c pc::iLi|iccce ce mcnchcmenIc.
F|ccc
cercmicc
SuL:IrcIc
FeneIrccc cc
pc:Ic e fcrmc-
cc cc fenc-
menc ce cncc-
rcgem meccni-
cc

lV.

ICNlCA DF AFLlCAO
DO kFJJNIF

F
c
n
I
e
:

l
I
C

{
1
8
7
)

E:Ie ccp|Iu|c cLcrcc c: ccnceiIc: envc|vicc: nc prepcrc e cp|icccc
cc: rejunIe: cimenI|cic:. / impcrIcncic cc ucnIiccce ce cguc, c: fer-
rcmenIc: uIi|izccc: e c prepcrc cc: junIc: c :erem preenchicc: :cc Ie-
mc: cLcrcccc: em mcicre: ceIc|he:.

Objet|vo espec||co o ser ot|ng|do
4. ci:cuIir c Icnicc ce cp|icccc cc: rejunIe: cimenI|cic:, cLcrccncc ceIc|he:
ce rejunIcmenIc em |ccci: e:pec|ficc:.

4. ICNlC/ DE /FLlC//C DC FEJUNIE
5
O8IFk CONHFClMFNIO kFLAIlVAMFNIF FClL.
5A8FDOklA FAkA J5-LO, FNIkFIANIO, MJlIO MAl5 DlFClL F lMFOkIANIF.
FrcvrLic chin:

ccp|Iu|c 3 ci:cuIiu vcric: funce: cc rejunIe ue inIerferem nc ce-
:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc e cI |imiIcm :uc vicc Ii|. En-
IreIcnIc, pcrc ue e::c: funce: Ienhcm inf|uncic pc:iIivc :cLre c reve:IimenIc
cercmicc, c uc|iccce ce cp|icccc cc rejunIe c::ume um pcpe| crucic|.
Fcr e::e mcIivc, c: iIen: :eguinIe: cLcrccm c: c:pecIc: re|cIivc: c ccrreIc
cp|icccc cc rejunIe, ce:ce c eIcpc ce prepcrc cI c cccLcmenIc finc|. C en-
fcue mcnIicc nc: rejunIe: incu:Iric|izccc: ce Lc:e cimenI|cic, :ejcm e|e: mcnc
cu LiccmpcnenIe:.
IV.1. FkEFAkO DAS JbNIAS DE ASSENIAMENIO
Fcrc um ccrreIc preenchimenIc cc: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc, e|c: cevem
e:Icr |impc: e i:enIc: ce ccrpc: e:Ircnhc: cc rejunIe, ccmc pc, c|ec: e grcxc:,
enIu|hc ce cLrc eIc. /cemci:, nece::cric ue c: exce::c: ce crgcmc::c cce:i-
vc Ienhcm :icc remcvicc: curcnIe c eIcpc ce c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc:, |cgc
cpc: c :eccgem inicic|, jc ue umc e:perc prc|cngccc pcce invicLi|izcr cu cificu|-
Icr e::c Icrefc cemc:icccmenIe, em pcrIicu|cr pcrc crgcmc::c: ce u:c e:pec|ficc
ccmc cue|c: pcrc c::enIcmenIc ce p|ccc: ce Lcixc cL:crcc. / Figurc lV.1
mc:Irc c: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc cpc: c |impezc ccm c u:c ce umc e:ccvc ce
cercc: p|c:Iicc:.

F|guro IV.1. Juntos de ossentomento ||mpos com escovo de cerdos p|st|cos

/ :encic preferencic| ce execucc cc reve:IimenIc ceve inciccr c c:-
:enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: :cLre c: pcrece: e cpenc: cepci: :cLre c pi:c pe|c prc-
C
Frepcrc cc: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc

pric fcIc ce ue c mcvimenIccc ce cpercric: e mcIerici: pcce ccnificcr c: p|c-
cc: jc c::enIccc: :cLre e|e. /|m ci::c, c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: nc hcrizcnIc|
ccmc |Iimc Icrefc minimizc c pc::iLi|iccce ce c: junIc: :erem Icmccc: pcr :uji-
ccce: ue nece::cricmenIe preci:cm :er remcvicc: pc:IericrmenIe.
/ |impezc cc: junIc: ceve :er feiIc c mci: Lreve pc::|ve| {num in:IcnIe Ic|
ue c: p|ccc: ncc mci: perccm :uc pc:icc) e pcce :er feiIc ccm cjucc ce uc|-
uer ferrcmenIc curc ccpcz remcver c: exce::c: cc crgcmc::c ce c::enIcmenIc.
C lIC {14, p.127) ciIc ue c exce::c ce cce:ivc preci:c :er reIirccc cc: junIc:
cnIe: cc :eccgem e ue e|c: cevem :er ccmp|eIcmenIe Icmccc: pe|c rejunIe.
Um c::enIcccr hcLi|icc:c pcce perfeiIcmenIe reIircr grcnce pcrIe cc exce::c
ccm c prcpric ce:empencceirc cenIeccc, Lc:Icncc Ier cuicccc pcrc ncc ri:ccr
c e:mc|Ie cc: p|ccc:. Nc mcicric cc: cc:c:, enIreIcnIc, c |impezc cc: junIc: pcce
:er feiIc ccm cux||ic ce umc e:ccvc ce cercc: p|c:Iicc: cu cI me:mc ce umc
vc::curc ce piccvc.
impcrIcnIe :c|ienIcr ue c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: pcce, emLcrc ncc
cevc, :er feiIc :em ue c: junIc: :ejcm Icmccc: pcr exce::c: ce crgcmc::c, :iIu-
ccc e::c ue cccrre ucncc c: p|ccc: :cc pc:icicnccc: nc |ccc| Iencc ccmc
referncic umc cc: cre:Ic: {ver Figurc lll.8, p.50). EnIreIcnIc, i::c um pcIencic|
inciccIivc ce ue c c::enIcmenIc fci mc| execuIccc e ce ue c Icrccz cc: p|ccc:
cifici|menIe e:Ic preenchicc ce mcneirc cceuccc, me:mc pcrue :e c p|ccc fcr
percuIicc ccm fcrc :uficienIe pcrc e:mcgcr c: ccrcce: ce crgcmc::c, :eu
Ircn:LcrccmenIc pe|c: junIc: ineviIcve|.
IV.2. FkEFAkO DO kEJbNIE
C: rejunIe: incu:Iric|izccc: :cc prepcrccc: Lc:iccmenIe ccm c ccicc cc
pc c cguc em prcpcrcc Lem cefinicc e incicccc nc prcpric emLc|cgem. Me:-
mc: Iipc: ce rejunIe pcrc c: me:mc: ccncice: ce cp|icccc pccem exigir Iecre:
ciferenciccc: ce cguc cepencencc ce :uc prccecncic. Exi:Iem cc:c:, IcmLm,
em ue c fcLriccnIe cnexc eIiueIc: e:pec|ficc: ccm c cLjeIivc ce exp|iciIcr e::c
ucnIiccce, c ue c ceixc |ivre pcrc uIi|izcr c me:mc emLc|cgem pcrc prccuIc:
ue exigem Iecre: ce cguc ciferenciccc:.
C rejunIe ceve :er prepcrccc em um recipienIe ue ncc cL:crvc cguc e
ue :ejc inerIe, i:Ic , ue ncc :c|Ie pcrI|cu|c:, ccrcnIe: cu cuIrc: ccmpc:Ic: ue
c e|e pc::cm mi:Iurcr-:e. Em :umc, pcce :er ce meIc| ue ncc :cfrc ccrrc:cc cu
Frepcrc cc rejunIe
7
ce p|c:Iicc re:i:IenIe: ccixcIe: ce mcceirc :cc incceuccc: pcrue pccem cL-
:crver c cguc ce cmc::cmenIc.
/ mi:Iurc pcce :er feiIc mcnuc|menIe cu ccm cux||ic ce mi:Iurcccre: ce
hc:Ie he|iccicc| c Lcixc rcIccc, eviIcncc c inccrpcrccc ce cr ue Icrnc c rejun-
Ie menc: cen:c. /pc:, impcrIcnIe cL:ervcr c Iempc ce repcu:c prcpc:Ic pe|c
fcLriccnIe e remi:Iurcr umc |Iimc vez. / cguc uIi|izccc ceve :er |impc, ce mccc c
ncc ccnIcmincr c rejunIe ccm :ci: :c|vei: ue pccem ccr crigem c ef|cre:cn-
cic: pc:Iericre:.
Ccmc Iccc prccuIc cimenI|cic, c: prcprieccce: cc rejunIe IcmLm e:Icc
inIimcmenIe |igccc: c re|ccc c/c, mcIivc pe|c uc| c ucnIiccce ce cguc ceve
:eguir rigcrc:cmenIe c: reccmenccce: cc fcLriccnIe. EmLcrc umc mcicr ucn-
Iiccce ce cguc fcci|iIe c cp|icccc pcr Icrncr c rejunIe mci: IrcLc|hcve|, e|c pcce
prejuciccr c cc|crccc, ciminuir c ccerncic, cumenIcr c pcrc:iccce e c reIrc-
cc: enfim, pcce prejuciccr c: prcprieccce: cc rejunIe encurecicc. Umc vez ue
c rejunIe ceve eviIcr c enIrccc ce cguc pcr Irc: cc: p|ccc: e :eu ccnIcIc ccm
e|c: |imiIc-:e cpenc: c peuenc crec cc: Lcrcc:, :uc: prcprieccce: meccnicc:
ncc cevem :er prejucicccc: pcr exce::c ce cguc ce cmc::cmenIc.
/ mi:Iurc ceve :er execuIccc em ucnIiccce Ic| ue :eu u:c ncc u|Ircpc:-
:e cprcximcccmenIe 1h
25
cu c Iempc ceIerminccc pe|c fcLriccnIe. CucnIc mci-
cr c ucnIiccce prepcrccc, mci: Iempc c prccuIc ficcrc expc:Ic e :ujeiIc c per-
cc ce cguc pcr evcpcrccc, fcIc cgrcvccc pe|c: c|Ic: IempercIurc: e Lcixc:
umiccce:. Ne::e: cc:c:, c recipienIe ceve :er ccLerIc ccm um pcnc micc. ln-
cepencenIemenIe ci::c, c rejunIe ceve :er prcIegicc cc Sc| e cc venIc.
/ mi:Iurc ceve :er Lem feiIc e ncc cevem exi:Iir grumc: :ecc: imer:c: nc
mc::c micc, :iIuccc Lc:IcnIe ccmum nc mi:Iurc mcnuc|. Cucncc ccicicnccc
nc prcpcrcc ccrreIc, c cguc Ircn:miIe umc fc|:c impre::cc ce ue ncc :ufici-
enIe pcrc Iccc c pc. EnIreIcnIc, Lc:Ic prc::eguir ccm c mi:Iurc pcrc ue Iccc c
pc Ircn:fcrme-:e numc pc:Ic hcmcgnec e ccm c:pecIc cremc:c. De mcneirc
gerc|, c pc ceve :er ccicicnccc cc: pcucc: :cLre c cguc e ncc c ccnIrcric, evi-
Icncc c fcrmccc ce pcrIe: :ecc: nc funcc cc recipienIe e fcci|iIcncc c mi:Iurc.
/pc: e::c mi:Iurc inicic|, pccem :er ccicicnccc: peuenc: ucnIiccce: ce cguc
pcrc cju:Ie cc ccn:i:Incic finc|.

25
E::e inIervc|c pcce vcricr ce cccrcc ccm c: ccncice: cImc:fricc:, pcrIicu|crmenIe nc: cc:c: ce
c|Ic: IempercIurc: e Lcixc umiccce re|cIivc cc cr.
Frepcrc cc rejunIe
8
Nc cc:c ce prccuIc: LiccmpcnenIe:, vc|e re::c|Icr ue c: cciIivc: cevem
:er uIi|izccc: cpenc: ucncc cprcvccc: pe|c fcLriccnIe e ccm r|gicc ccnIrc|e cc
prcpcrcc. Cc:c :ejcm uIi|izccc: cci: ||uicc: {cguc e cciIivc), funccmenIc| ue
:uc hcmcgeneizccc :ejc execuIccc cnIe: cc ccicc cc pc.
/pc: c cIiviccce cc mi:Iurc, nece::cric um inIervc|c cprcximccc ce 10 c
15 min pcrc ue pc::c hcver c hicrcIccc ce c|gun: ccmpc:Ic: ue fczem pcrIe
cc pc. ScmenIe cpc: e::e per|ccc ceve-:e prcmcver c remi:Iurc cc rejunIe e |iLe-
rc-|c pcrc cp|icccc.
IV.3. AFLICAO DO kEJbNIE
/nIe: ce uc|uer Iipc ce cp|icccc cefiniIivc cc rejunIe, ceve-:e Ier cer-
Iezc ce ue e|e ncc prcvccc mcnchc: nc: p|ccc:, em pcrIicu|cr ncue|c: ncc
e:mc|Iccc: {c|gumc: |inhc: r:Iicc:, pcr exemp|c, cu c: pcrce|cncIc: pc|icc:). E::e
Ie:Ie pcce :er feiIc pcr meic ce umc cp|icccc prvic num |ccc| menc: vi:|ve|,
cnc|i:cncc c re:u|Iccc finc| cc cp|icccc. Cc:c ncc :ejc Icmccc e::e cuicccc,
exi:Ie c pc::iLi|iccce ce c rejunIe mcnchcr ce mcneirc percepI|ve| e irrever:|ve| c:
p|ccc: cc reve:IimenIc, inuIi|izcncc-c cu ccu:cncc :ric: preju|zc:.
Se c ccn:i:Incic cc rejunIe e:Iiver ccrreIc, c prcpric Icrefc ce cp|icccc
impce um riImc ce IrcLc|hc, cu :ejc, cpc: um per|ccc ce IrcLc|hc, c cpercric ce-
ve ccmecr c preccupcr-:e em vc|Icr cc pcnIc inicic| pcrc ccr cccLcmenIc c
regicc jc rejunIccc. E::e per|ccc vcric ccnfcrme c: ccncice: cImc:fricc:, mc:
em gerc| :iIuc-:e enIre 30-45min pcrc prccuIc: mcncccmpcnenIe:. Se hcuver um
grcnce inIervc|c enIre c cp|icccc e c cccLcmenIc, c |impezc pcce Icrncr-:e
muiIc IrcLc|hc:c e c :uperf|cie cc rejunIe pcce ficcr muiIc c:perc e :em re:i:In-
cic, Icrncncc-:e fricve| e ccnIriLuincc pcrc c ccmu|c ce :ujeirc.
Umc vez prepcrccc c rejunIe, e|e ceve :er cp|icccc preferencic|menIe
ccm cux||ic ce umc ce:empencceirc ce Lcrrcchc curc. Fccc: IcmLm pccem
:er Iei:, mc: em gerc| :uc Lcrrcchc muiIc mc|e e c Iencncic ccre:cenIcr
mci: ||uicc cc rejunIe ce mccc c Icrnc-|c mci: IrcLc|hcve|. E::c cIiIuce ceve :er
eviIccc pcrue c ccr:cimc ce cguc pcce prejuciccr c ce:empenhc cc rejunIe.
IcmLm, c umececimenIc cc: junIc: pcce :er execuIccc ucncc e::c fcr
umc reccmencccc cc fcLriccnIe, Iencc ccmc cLjeIivc: principci::
remcver c pc cc |cIerc| cc: p|ccc: e eviIcr ue :uc pre:enc prejuciue c
ccerncic cc rejunIe. Vc|e re::c|Icr, enIreIcnIc, ue c rejunIcmenIc ceve
/p|icccc cc rejunIe

:er execuIccc c mci: Lreve pc::|ve|, eviIcncc ue c: junIc: :ejcm Icmccc:
pcr :ujiccce: prejucicici:. / N8F 13755 {/8NI, 1, p.8) reccmencc c ume-
cecimenIc cc: junIc: ccm e::c finc|iccce:
eviIcr ue p|ccc: ce cL:crcc e|evccc reIirem cguc em exce::c cc rejun-
Ie, em pcrIicu|cr pcrc junIc: muiIc e:IreiIc:, c ue pcce prejuciccr :uc curc:
ciminuir c IempercIurc cc: p|ccc: em cic: muiIc uenIe:, c ue ciminui c
IrcLc|hcLi|iccce cc rejunIe e cce|erc :uc :eccgem inicic|. /|m ce prejuci-
ccr c cp|icccc pcr ccu:c cc encurecimenIc preccce cc rejunIe, Iempe-
rcIurc: e|evccc: prcvcccm c rcpicc :eccgem cc pe||cu|c ce rejunIe :cLre
c: p|ccc:, cificu|Icncc :uc |impezc.
Se, pcr um |ccc, c umececimenIc cc: junIc: pcce :er ccnvenienIe em c|-
gumc: :iIucce:, pcr cuIrc cevem :er Icmccc: preccuce: pcrc eviIcr :eu en-
chcrccmenIc. Se i::c cccrrer, ceve hcver um Iempc ce :eccgem cnIe: cc cp|i-
cccc cc rejunIe, ce mccc ue e|e :ejc cp|icccc cpenc: ucncc c: junIc: e:Iive-
rem |evemenIe micc:, :cL penc ce preju|zc nc ccerncic c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc:
pcr fc|Ic ce cnccrcgem meccnicc.
/ cp|icccc cc rejunIe pcce :er feiIc pcr meic ce mcvimenIc: vci-vm cc
ce:empencceirc cI c preenchimenIc ccmp|eIc cc: junIc: {Figurc lV.2). Nccc
impece, enIreIcnIc, ue :ejc uIi|izccc uc|uer cuIrc Icnicc ce preenchimenIc,
jc ue c c:pecIc em ue:Icc cui ue c: junIc: :ejcm ccmp|eIcmenIe Icmc-
cc: pe|c rejunIe.
Ncrmc|menIe, c preenchimenIc c Icrefc mci: :imp|e: frenIe cc IrcLc|hc
ce cccLcmenIc :uperficic|. /::im, umc cp|icccc cuicccc:c re:u|Ic em inexi:In-
cic ce re:Ic: ce rejunIe :cLre c: p|ccc:, c ue fcci|iIc c |impezc pc:Iericr. Cuicc-
cc: e:pecici: cevem :er cccc: cc rejunIcmenIc cc: enccnIrc: ce vcric: p|ccc: e
IcmLm nc: muccnc: ce cirecc cc reve:IimenIc, ccmc nc: enccnIrc: pi-
:c/pcrece {mcicre: ceIc|he: :cc expc:Ic: nc iIem lV.4.2).
Umc vez preenchicc: c: junIc: e reIirccc c exce::c ce rejunIe :cLre c: p|c-
cc: {Figurc lV.3), pcce-:e efeIucr c cccLcmenIc cpc: c :eccgem inicic|. l::c pcce
:er feiIc ccm cux||ic ce um fri:cccr e ce um L|ccc ce e:pumc micc. C fri:cccr
ceve :er em fcrmcIc ce meic-ccnc em mcIeric| inerIe, cu :ejc, ue ncc ceixe
re:|cuc: ue pc::cm mcnchcr c rejunIe.
C L|ccc ce e:pumc ceve :er pc::ccc repeIicc: veze: :cLre c: junIc:, c|i-
:cncc c rejunIe :em ccmprimi-|c {Figurc lV.4): e::e L|ccc ceve :er |cvccc freen-
IemenIe e ccm cguc |impc, cevencc :er Irccccc ucncc percer f|exiLi|iccce e
/p|icccc cc rejunIe
70
cpre:enIcr-:e ueLrccic. /pc: e::c eIcpc, pcce-:e cpIcr pe|c pc::cgem cc
fri:cccr :cLre c: junIc: cincc micc:, c ue |he: ccrc um cccLcmenIc mci: |i:c e
unifcrme. Dc me:mc fcrmc ue c e:pumc, c fri:cccr ceve :er pc::ccc ce mcneirc
:ucve, ccmprimincc |evemenIe c rejunIe.

F|guro IV.2. Ap||coo do rejunte F|guro IV.3. kejunte op||codo

CucnIc mci: |impc e:Iiver c L|ccc ce e:pumc curcnIe c execucc cc c-
ccLcmenIc, mci: finc :erc c pe||cu|c ce rejunIe ue re:Icrc :cLre c: p|ccc:, c ue
fcci|iIc c |impezc finc| cc reve:IimenIc {Figurc lV.5). Cucncc :e IrcIc ce rejunIe:
mcncccmpcnenIe:, e::c |impezc ceve :er feiIc cpc: c :eccgem e cpenc: ccm c
cux||ic ce umc f|cne|c :ecc, ue e|iminc fcci|menIe c finc pe||cu|c pu|veru|enIc
:cLre c: p|ccc:. Nc cc:c ce rejunIe: LiccmpcnenIe:, c |impezc ccmp|eIc nece:-
:cricmenIe ceve :er feiIc ccm c prccuIc cincc micc, ce mccc c eviIcr c :ecc-
gem ce cciIivc: ue pccem :er ce cif|ci| remccc.

F|guro IV.4. L|mpezo |n|c|o| dos p|ocos F|guro IV.5. Apornc|o opos ||mpezo

/p|icccc cc rejunIe
71
C u:c ce prccuIc: u|micc: ncc nece::cric, me:mc pcrue :eu efeiIc
ccrrc:ivc cccLc pcr cIcccr c :uperf|cie cc rejunIe cincc ue em peuenc ucn-
Iiccce. Se exi:Iem re:Ic: ce crgcmc::c :cLre c: p|ccc: ue ju:Iificcm c u:c ce
prccuIc: e:pecici:, i::c umc evicncic ce cp|icccc mc| execuIccc.
Nc cc:c ce p|ccc: cercmicc: r:Iicc: cu ncc e:mc|Iccc: {ue :egurcm"
c rejunIe), cuicccc: e:pecici: cevem :er Icmccc: pcrc eviIcr ue c rejunIe enIre
em ccnIcIc cireIc ccm :uc :uperf|cie. l::c pcce :er feiIc pcr meic cc cp|icccc
ce umc ccmccc ce cerc {cu cuIrc prccuIc incicccc pe|c fcLriccnIe) :cLre c:
p|ccc:, c ue fcci|iIc c eIcpc ce |impezc e minimizc c pc::iLi|iccce ce mcnchc-
menIc cc: p|ccc:.
/c finc| cc cccLcmenIc, c rejunIe ceve :er prcIegicc ce :ujiccce: e c-
gre::ce: meccnicc: pcr pe|c menc: :eIe cic: {ver iIem lll..3, p. 0), prczc em ue
jc cLIeve pcrIe ce :uc re:i:Incic meccnicc. Ccm re|ccc c curc, :empre umc
cIiIuce pc:iIivc prcpcrcicncr curc micc cc: prccuIc: cimenI|cic:, pcrIicu|crmen-
Ie nc: primeirc: cic: cpc: c cp|icccc e ucncc e:Iiverem :uLmeIicc: c ccnci-
ce: cImc:fricc: cgre::ivc:. E::e fcIc Iem mencr re|evcncic nc: rejunIe: incu:Iric-
|izccc:, ue ccnIm reIenIcre: ce cguc ue cuxi|icm c prcce::c ce hicrcIccc cc
cimenIc. Fcrc c: rejunIe: cc:ccc: em cLrc, enIreIcnIc, c curc micc um fcIcr
e::encic| {ver iIem ll.4.1.1, p. 23).
IV.4. DEIALHES DE AFLICAO DO kEJbNIE
Um reve:IimenIc cercmicc cpre:enIc ccmpcrIcmenIc ccmp|exc e muiIc:
veze: imprevi:|ve|, mc: em c|gumc: regice: e::e ccmpcrIcmenIc pcIencic| Lem
ccnhecicc e c ce:empenhc ce um :e|cnIe e|c:Icmricc
2
{SEL) frenIe c: mcvi-
menIcce: ciferencici: muiIc :upericr cc ce um rejunIe cimenI|cic. /::im, muiIc
emLcrc c rejunIe pc::c Ier cpre:enIccc ce:empenhc cceuccc em c|gumc c-
Lrc, e::e ccmpcrIcmenIc |ccc| ncc pcce :er generc|izccc, cu :ejc, c excecc
ncc pcce Icrncr-:e c regrc.
C: iIen: c :eguir cpre:enIcm ceIc|he: ce rejunIcmenIc em civer:c: :iIuc-
ce:. Em c|gun: |ccci:, um SEL nece::cricmenIe preci:c :er cp|icccc: em cuIrc:, :e

2
/ /SIM C717 {/SIM, 18c) cefine c: Iermc: c :eguir:
. e|c:tne|c: um mcIeric| ue reIcrnc cprcximcccmenIe cc: e:Iccc: criginci: ce cimen:cc e fcrmcIc
cpc: c reIirccc cc fcrc ue crigincu :uc cefcrmccc:
. :e|cnte: um mcIeric| ccm prcprieccce: cce:ivc: e cce:ivc: ccpcz ce fcrmcr um :e|c:
. :e|c: umc Lcrreirc ccnIrc c pc::cgem ce ||uicc:, :c|icc: cu gc:e:.
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc
72
c SEL fcr :uL:IiIu|cc pe|c rejunIe cimenI|cic, hcverc percc ce uc|iccce e c ce-
:empenhc :erc infericr em vcric: c:pecIc: pe|c prcpric Iipc ce ccmpcrIcmenIc
cc: cci: mcIerici:. /::im, c|gumc: re::c|vc: pccem :er feiIc: cc:c e::c :uL:IiIuicc
:ejc efeIuccc:
SEL :uL:IiIu|cc pcr rejunIe LiccmpcnenIe: ne::e cc:c, c rejunIe cpre:enIc
Lcc ccerncic me:mc cc: e|emenIc: e:mc|Iccc:, Iencc c|gumc ccpcci-
ccce pcrc cL:crver cefcrmcce::
SEL :uL:IiIu|cc pcr rejunIe mcncccmpcnenIe: ne::e cc:c, c rejunIe cpre:en-
Ic ccpcciccce ce:prez|ve| {frenIe cc SEL) pcrc cL:crver cefcrmcce:, c-
|m ce Ier frccc ccerncic cc: e|emenIc: e:mc|Iccc:. /|gun: re:u|Iccc:
cc: en:cic: ce ccerncic ce rejunIe: mcnc e LiccmpcnenIe: pccem :er
enccnIrccc: nc iIem V.1.4 {p. 5).
Nc: |ccci: cnce c pre:enc cc SEL cLrigcIcric, c Iermc :e|cnIe" :erc uIi|i-
zccc nc: |egencc:. Nc: cemci:, cnce c SEL pucer :er :uL:IiIu|cc pcr rejunIe |evcn-
cc em ccnIc c: |imiIcce: expc:Ic:, c expre::cc SEL/F" {:e|cnIe e|c:Icmri-
cc/rejunIe) :erc uIi|izccc.
IV.4.1. Encontro com juntos de d||otoo
/: junIc: ce ci|cIccc pre:enIe: nc reve:IimenIc cercmicc ce fcchccc
Im ccmc funcc principc| c c||vic cc: Ien:ce: ue cccrrem num pcnc ccnI|nuc.
EnIreIcnIc, e::e c||vic prcpcrcicnccc pe|c ce:ccnIinuiccce meccnicc exi:IenIe
nc reve:IimenIc e ncc pe|c fcIc ce exi:Iir um SEL ne::e |ccc|. ScL e::e pcnIc ce
vi:Ic, inciferenIe :e c junIc e:Iiver preenchicc cu ncc {pe|c SEL), ce mccc ue
:uc funcc pc::c c :er veccr e::c ce:ccnIinuiccce, me|hcrcncc c e:IIicc frenIe
c umc junIc vczic e impecincc c peneIrccc ce cguc e cuIrc: cgenIe: nccivc:
cc reve:IimenIc.
C enccnIrc cc SEL ccm c: vcric: pcnIc: ce rejunIe cc reve:IimenIc um
|ccc| cr|Iicc e ue merece cIencc e:pecic| IcnIc nc eIcpc ce ccnIrc|e ucnIc
nc ce execucc. C Irminc cc rejunIe ceve e:Icr c|inhccc ccm c Lcrcc cc: p|c-
cc: cercmicc:, eviIcncc c fcrmccc ce reenIrcncic: e :c|incic: ue pccem pre-
juciccr c cp|icccc cc SEL {Figurc lV.).
l::c pcce :er feiIc pe|c cp|icccc em exce::c cc rejunIe e :eu pc:Iericr
ccrIe cpc: umc curc inicic|, ceixcncc |impc c reLcixc ue receLerc c |imiIcccr ce
prcfunciccce.

DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: enccnIrc ccm junIc: ce ci|cIccc
73

F|guro IV.. Acobomento do rejunte nos juntos de d||otoo

/|m ce::e: cuicccc:, c SEL preci:c cpre:enIcr Lcc ccerncic IcnIc c:
p|ccc: ucnIc cc rejunIe pcrc eviIcr c enIrccc ce cguc pcr Irc: cc reve:IimenIc,
:encc nece::cric enIcc ue e::e: cci: pcnIc: e:Iejcm i:enIc: ce pc e cuIrc: :uji-
ccce: prejucicici:. Fcr cuIrc |ccc, ce viIc| impcrIcncic ue N/C hcjc ccerncic
enIre c SEL e c funcc cc junIc, c ue permiIe :eu IrcLc|hc e|c:Iicc ce mcneirc
eficienIe pe|c fcIc ce e:Icr ccericc cpenc: c: cuc: |cIerci: cc junIc.
/ Figurc lV.7 cpre:enIc umc Lreve exp|icccc cc ccmpcrIcmenIc cc SEL
ucncc ccericc e ncc ccericc cc funcc cc junIc.

o} Di:pc:icc cc SEL :em
mcvimenIccc cc junIc. E::c
c ci:pc:icc criginc|, :eme-
|hcnIe cue|c nc mcmenIc
cc cp|icccc.
b} SEL IrcLc|hcncc :em cce-
rncic cc funcc. Ne::e cc:c,
e|e pcce expcncir-:e :em
re:Iricc.
c} SEL IrcLc|hcncc ccm cce-
rncic c um |imiIcccr ce
prcfunciccce r|gicc. E::c
re:Iricc impece c IrcLc|hc
cceuccc cc SEL, pccencc
ccu:cr :uc rupIurc.
F|guro IV.7. D|spos|es do se|onte no junto de d||otoo [odoptodo do ASIM C 113, 15}

/ funcc ce eviIcr c ccerncic cc funcc cc junIc pcce :er exercicc pe|c
prcpric |imiIcccr ce prcfunciccce, mc: ne::e cc:c e|e ceve :er f|ex|ve| pcrc permi-
Iir c IrcLc|hc cceuccc cc :e|cnIe. Cucncc c |imiIcccr fcr r|gicc e ncc permiIir c
FrcL|emc: fc|Ic
ce rejunIe
FrcL|emc: exce::c
ce rejunIe
8cm cccLcmenIc
cc rejunIe, c|inhc-
cc ccm c: p|ccc:
cercmicc:
F|ccc cercmicc
Ccviccce cc junIc
ce ci|cIccc
LimiIcccr ce
prcfunciccce
SEL
FupIurc cc SEL ccu:ccc pe|c
re:Iricc nc funcc cc junIc
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: enccnIrc ccm junIc: ce ci|cIccc
74
c|cngcmenIc cc :e|cnIe, pcce :er cp|icccc umc fiIc cu c|gum prccuIc ||uicc
:cLre e|e, ce mccc c prcpcrcicncr c fcrmccc ce umc pe||cu|c cnIi-ccerenIe. C
u:c ce prccuIc: ||uicc: ce:cccn:e|hccc pe|c fcIc ce ue e|e pcce cIingir c
|cIerc| cc junIc e prejuciccr c ccerncic cnce e|c rec|menIe nece::cric {/SIM C
113, 15).
IV.4.2. Inter|oces entre p|onos e moter|o|s d|st|ntos
Cucncc c reve:IimenIc cercmicc cp|icccc num cmLienIe pcr inIeirc,
fcrmcm-:e enccnIrc: c 0
c
{cu cuIrc cngu|c uc|uer) enIre cuc: pcrece:, pcre-
ce/pi:c {Figurc lV.8) e pcrece/IeIc.

o} ceIc|he ccm cccLcmen-
Ic Icpc c Icpc:
b} ceIc|he ccm cccLcmenIc
recuccc cc: p|ccc: cc pi:c:
ne::e cc:c, c: cefeiIc: e ce-
:c|inhcmenIc: ficcm muiIc
vi:|vei::
c} ceIc|he ccm p|ccc: cc
pcrece :cLre c: cc pi:c: ne:-
:e cc:c, c: cefeiIc: ue pcr-
venIurc exi:Iem ficcm pcucc
vi:|vei:.
F|guro IV.8. Deto|he do encontro p|soJporede

EmLcrc e::e: enccnIrc: :ejcm ccmpc:Ic: ce mcIerici: cimenI|cic: {ccncre-
Ic, emLcc, c|vencric ce L|ccc: ce ccncreIc) :cLre c: uci: pcce :er cp|icccc
umc me:mc crgcmc::c ce c::enIcmenIc, c fcIc ce e:Icrem fcrc cc me:mc p|c-
nc imp|icc em cefcrmcce: ciferencici: ue pccem ccnificcr c cre:Ic ce enccn-
Irc.
C me:mc cccrre nc enccnIrc ccm pi|cre: {Figurc lV.), IuLc: pc::cnIe: pcr
|cje: cu ccm uci:uer cuIrc: e|emenIc: ue prcvcccm ce:ccnIinuiccce: num
p|cnc ce reve:IimenIc {/S 358.2, 12, p.24). Ne::e: cc:c:, cccn:e|hcve| c :uL:-
IiIuicc cc rejunIe pcr SEL:, c ue ciminui crc:IiccmenIe c pc::iLi|iccce ce ccn-
SEL/F
Ncc
reccmencccc
Ncc
reccmencccc Feccmencccc
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: inIerfcce: enIre p|cnc: e mcIerici: ci:IinIc:
75
cenIrccc ce Ien:ce: ne::e: |ccci: e i:c|c c reve:IimenIc ce cuIrc: e|emenIc:
ccn:IruIivc:.
Nc: enccnIrc: pi:c/pcrece, hc c fcrmccc ce umc junIc em Iccc c per|-
meIrc e umc peuenc cefcrmccc ciferencic| enIre e::e: cci: e|emenIc: {ccmc
cefcrmccc cc |cje, pcr exemp|c) ref|eIe-:e cireIcmenIe nc ce:empenhc cc re-
junIe ue, cevicc c :uc peuenc e:pe::urc, e|evccc rigicez e Lcixc ccpcciccce
ce cL:crver cefcrmcce:, Iem grcnce chcnce ce cpre:enIcr fi::urc: ue pccem
vir c ccmprcmeIer c e:Icnueiccce e c e:IIicc cc reve:IimenIc.
/nIevencc e::e ccmpcrIcmenIc, c N8F 13755 {/8NI, 1, p.5) reccmen-
cc execuIcr junIc: ce ce::c|iccrizccc nc: ccnIc: verIicci:, nc: muccnc: ce
cirecc cc p|cnc cc reve:IimenIc, nc enccnIrc cc crec reve:Iicc ccm pi:c: e fcr-
rc:, cc|unc:, vigc: cu ccm cuIrc: Iipc: ce reve:IimenIc:, Lem ccmc cnce hcuver
muccnc ce mcIerici: ue ccmpcem c e:IruIurc :upcrIe ce ccncreIc pcrc c|ve-
ncric."

F|guro IV.. Deto|he do encontro com p||ores

E::c: junIc: perimeIrci:, :encc ce Lcixc mccu|c, prcpcrcicncm um ce:ccn-
fincmenIc cc pcnc reve:Iicc, ciminuincc :en:ive|menIe c ccmu|c ce e:fcrc:
ceccrrenIe cc vcriccc cimen:icnc| cc: p|ccc: e cc prcpric f|echc cc |cje. Umc
excecc pcce :er feiIc nc cc:c ce cmLienIe: ce peuenc cimen:cc, ccm pi:c:
ce crec infericr c 10m
2
, cnce pcce-:e pre:cincir cc junIc perimeIrc| ce:ce ue
:ejc cccc e:pecic| cIencc c eIcpc ce c::enIcmenIc, ce fcrmc ue exi:Ic pe|c
menc: 3mm enIre c Lcrcc cc: p|ccc: e c enccnIrc ccm c: pcrece: e/cu pi|cre:
{Figurc lV.8c, Figurc lV.).
De uc|uer fcrmc, c: junIc: :cc nece::cric: em Iccc: c: cc:c:, cgcrc :em
excecc, em ue hcuver c pc::iLi|iccce ce inIrccucc ce e:fcrc:, ccmc em
SEL/F
E:IruIurc
F|ccc cercmicc
7
|ccci: ce rcpicc cumenIc ce IempercIurc ccc:icnccc pcr pi:c: cuecicc: {/S
358.2, 12, p.24).
E::e me:mc rccicc|nic ce ce:ccnfincmenIc vc|e pcrc umc pcrece ue, :u-
jeiIc c ccmpre::cc pcr encurIcmenIc cc e:IruIurc, pcce prcvcccr ccmpre::cc,
ce:IcccmenIc e pc:Iericr f|cmLcgem cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc. Ccm re|ccc c
e::e c:pecIc, c N8F 13755 {/8NI, 1) prc|Le expre::cmenIe c execucc cc re-
ve:IimenIc cercmicc exIernc cnIe: ue c e:IruIurc :upcrIe e:Iejc :c|iciIccc pe|c
:eu pe:c prcpric e pe|c :cLreccrgc ce Iccc: c: c|vencric:.
Um ceIc|he impcrIcnIe ceve :er cL:ervccc nc: enccnIrc: ce p|cnc: ce re-
ve:IimenIc cercmicc, pcrIicu|crmenIe nc: enccnIrc: pi:c/pcrece: c rejunIe preci-
:c enIrcr em ccnIcIc ccm c Lcrcc cc: cuc: p|ccc: :encc rejunIccc: pcrc ue
cLIenhc cnccrcgem c cmLc:. Se numc cc: p|ccc: c rejunIe ficcr em ccnIcIc
cpenc: ccm c e:mc|Ie, pcce hcver percc ce ccerncic e fcrmccc ce fi::urc:
ue prejuciccm c e:Icnueiccce cc reve:IimenIc, c ue pcce ccr crigem c prc-
L|emc: ce umiccce e ef|cre:cncic.
Nc inIerfcce enIre reve:IimenIc: ci:IinIc:, ccmc c cc:c ce ceIc|he: ce
mcceirc imer:c: num reve:IimenIc cercmicc ce pi:c inIernc, c junIc enIre e::e:
cci: ccmpcnenIe: ceve :er preenchicc pcr um SEL/F, hcjc vi:Ic ue :empre hcve-
rc cefcrmcce: ciferencici: enIre e|e: ue um mcIeric| r|gicc {ccmc c rejunIe ci-
menI|cic) ncc :erc ccpcz ce cL:crver eficczmenIe. C me:mc cccnIece nc en-
ccnIrc cc: p|ccc: cercmicc: ccm c: rc|c: {Figurc lV.10) e ccm c IuLc ce :c|cc cc
Lccic :cniIcric {Figurc lV.11).

F|guro IV.10. Deto|he do encontro de tubos possontes [ro|os}
SEL/F
E:IruIurc
CcnIrc-pi:c
lmpermecLi|izccc
Fc|c
Fegu|crizccc
F|ccc cercmicc
IuLc ce FVC
77
Ne::e: cc:c:, c rejunIe ncc cpre:enIc ccerncic cc ccrpc p|c:Iicc cc: Iu-
Lc: e ncc ccpcz ce cccmcccr mcvimenIcce: ciferencici: enIre e::e: cci: mc-
Ierici:.
CuIrc pcnIc Lc:IcnIe ccmum ue nece::iIc ce cuicccc: e:pecici: c in-
Ierfcce cc ccrpc cc cpcre|hc :cniIcric ccm c reve:IimenIc cercmicc, ccmc pcr
exemp|c c enccnIrc cc Lccic :cniIcric ccm c pi:c {Figurc lV.11), c enccnIrc cc
Icnue ce |cvcr rcupc: ccm c pcrece pc:Iericr eIc.

F|guro IV.11. Deto|he do encontro com opore|hos son|tr|os

Ne::e: cc:c:, c rejunIe |imiIccc pcr cci: e|emenIc: e:mc|Iccc: e c cce-
rncic ficc :ericmenIe ccmprcmeIicc. EnIcc, ceve-:e cpIcr pcr um SEL cu, pe|c
menc:, pcr um rejunIe LiccmpcnenIe ue cpre:enIe ccerncic eficcz :cLre e::c:
:uperf|cie:, eviIcncc c :urgimenIc ce prcL|emc: fuIurc:. Se um rejunIe cimenI|cic
mcncccmpcnenIe fcr cp|icccc ne::e: |ccci:, c prcLcLi|iccce cc :urgimenIc ce
prcL|emc: |cgc cpc: c enIregc cc cLrc Lc:IcnIe e|evccc.
Nc cc:c e:pec|ficc cc Icnue, ue fixccc c pcrece pcr meic ce pcrcfu-
:c:, c ccn:IcnIe u:c prcvccc umc mcvimenIccc/viLrccc ncrmc| cc cpcre|hc.
Se fcr cp|icccc um rejunIe r|gicc enIre e|e e c pcrece, e::c mcvimenIccc pcce
prcvcccr c cpcrecimenIc ce Irincc: e c pc:Iericr frcgmenIccc cc rejunIe, c ue
ccmprcmeIe c e:IIicc, permiIe c pc::cgem ce cguc e fcrmc umc regicc ce
ccmu|c ce re:Ic: ce cguc e :cLcc, c ue pcce gercr ccncice: pcrc c :urgi-
menIc ce crgcni:mc: Lic|cgicc:.
/ne| ce
vecccc
SEL/F
lmpermecLi|izccc
SEL/F
E:IruIurc
Fegu|crizccc
8ccic :cniIcric
CcnIrc-pi:c
IuLc ce FVC
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: e:cccc:
78
IV.4.3. Escodos
/: e:cccc: :cc IcmLm exemp|c: ce enccnIrc ce cci: p|cnc: ci:IinIc:, ge-
rc|menIe expc:Ic: c ccc cc: inIemprie:. Um cc:c Lc:IcnIe ccmum c reve:Ii-
menIc cc: cegrcu: ccm c|gum Iipc ce pecrc ccm cceficienIe ce cIriIc e|evccc,
eviIcncc e:ccrregcmenIc. IcmLm, pccem :er reve:Iicc: pcr p|ccc: cercmicc:
:eme|hcnIe: c: u:ccc: nc: e:pe|hc:.
/ Figurc lV.12 i|u:Irc c: cegrcu: execuIccc: em pecrc nicc {grcniIc, pcr
exemp|c) e execuIccc: em cercmicc cpenc: ccm cccLcmenIc em grcniIc {cnIi-
e:ccrregcmenIc) e c Figurc lV.13 i|u:Irc c: cegrcu: reve:Iicc: inIeircmenIe em ce-
rcmicc.

o} e:cccc ccm cegrcu: em grcniIc: b} e:cccc ccm cegrcu: em cercmicc e c-
ccLcmenIc em grcniIc.
F|guro IV.12. Deto|he do rejuntomento de escodo

Sejc uc| fcr c cc:c, hc ue :e Ier cuicccc ccm c rejunIcmenIc, minimi-
zcncc c pc::iLi|iccce ce c cguc infi|Ircr pe|c cc|ccc nc n|ve| cc: cegrcu: :uperi-
cre:, cIrcve::cr c :uL:IrcIc e cf|crcr pe|c: e:pe|hc: cc: cegrcu: infericre:, c ue
pcce ccc:icncr c ccrrecmenIc cc: :ci: pre:enIe: nc crgcmc::c ce c::enIcmenIc
cu ce regu|crizccc e ccr crigem cc :urgimenIc ce ef|cre:cncic:
27
exIremcmen-
Ie ccnc:c: pcrc c e:IIicc cc reve:IimenIc {Figurc lV.14). E::e Iipc ce prcL|emc,
c|m ce pccer :urgir pcucc: me:e: cpc: c enIregc cc cLrc, pcce ccnificcr cefini-
IivcmenIe c reve:IimenIc e exigir :uc ccmp|eIc recp|icccc.

27
Umc exp|icccc ceIc|hccc :cLre c fencmenc cc ef|cre:cncic pcce :er enccnIrccc nc /nexc /.
FejunIe
FejunIe
Fingcceirc
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: e:cccc:
7

o} cccLcmenIc inccrreIc e ce e:IIicc ruim,
ccm junIc expc:Ic e ue fcci|iIc c peneIrc-
cc ce cguc:
b} me|hcr cc:c, ccm junIc prcIegicc. / e:I-
Iicc ficc |evemenIe prejucicccc pe|c Lcrcc
expc:Ic cc p|ccc hcrizcnIc|. E::c ce:vcnIc-
gem pcce :er e|iminccc pcr um cccLcmen-
Ic :eme|hcnIe cc expc:Ic nc Figurc lV.1c.
F|guro IV.13. Deto|he de escodo com degrous em cerm|co

F|guro IV.14. E||orescnc|o em escodo cousodo pe|o |n|||troo de guo

Ccmc c u:c cc: e:cccc: imp|icc em c|Ic :c|iciIccc cLrc:ivc curcnIe :uc
vicc Ii|, c cp|icccc ce um SEL nc: p|cnc: hcrizcnIci: pcce ncc :er cceuccc.
EnIcc, ceve-:e Ier em menIe ue c rejunIe uIi|izccc ceve :er ce c|Ic uc|iccce,
ccm Lcc ccerncic cc: ccmpcnenIe: rejunIccc: e ccm Lcc ccpcciccce ce
cL:crcc ce cefcrmcce:, prcprieccce: mci: prcximc: cc: rejunIe: Liccmpcnen-
Ie:. /|m ci::c, e::e: rejunIe: cpre:enIcm mencr cL:crcc ce cguc e :cc menc:
permecvei:, prcprieccce: ue cuxi|icm nc ccnIrc|e cc infi|Irccc ce cguc pcr Irc:
cc reve:IimenIc.
IV.4.4. Jone|os
/ jcne|c, ccmc e|emenIc ccn:IruIivc, Iem c funcc ce i:c|cr c meic exIer-
nc cc inIernc, eviIcncc c peneIrccc ce cguc, ccnIrc|cncc c f|uxc ce cc|cr, prc-
Inodequodo
Adequodo
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: jcne|c:
80
pcrcicncncc um cerIc i:c|cmenIc cc:Iicc, ccnIriLuincc pcrc c e:IIicc cc fc-
chccc eIc. Ne:Ie iIem, c funcc em jcgc eviIcr c peneIrccc ce cguc, ue
cifici|menIe cccrrerc pe|c ccrpc cc jcne|c em :i, mc: :im pe|c inIerfcce enIre e|c e
c pcrece :upcrIe. fcci| perceLer ue c pcrece um e|emenIc muiIc mci: r|gicc
ue c ccixi|hc e, pcr ccn:encic, c ccmpcrIcmenIc ue cmLc: cpre:enIcm
frenIe c: civer:c: :c|iciIcce: c ue e:Icc :uLmeIicc: ccmp|eIcmenIe ci:IinIc, c
ue pcce ccr crigem c mcvimenIc: ciferencici: e prcvcvei: fi::urc: reccrrenIe: em
|igcce: r|gicc:.
Gc|cLerg {18, p.80) c|crc em cfirmcr ue c: junIc: ce mcvimenIccc
preci:cm :er c|ccccc: em pcnIc: cnce c: p|ccc: cercmicc:, c crgcmc::c cce:i-
vc e c crgcmc::c ce emLcc enccnIrcm mcIerici: ci:IinIc:, ccmc ccixi|hc: ce
jcne|c: cu uc|uer cuIrc Iipc ce cccLcmenIc. /cemci:, cuIrc pcnIc impcrIcnIe
c :er |evccc em ccn:icerccc ue c: mcIerici: cimenI|cic: {crgcmc::c cce:ivc,
rejunIe) :cc ccrrc:ivc: pcrc c c|um|nic {|crgcmenIe pre:enIe nc: ccixi|hc:) e ncc
cevem pc::uir ccnIcIc cireIc ccm e|e. /::im, :e pcr um |ccc c SEL ceve :er ccpcz
ce mcnIer-:e unicc meccniccmenIe c e|e:, pcr cuIrc ceve :epcrc-|c: uimicc-
menIe.
Cc:c e::c unicc meccnicc cpre:enIe fc|hc:, c peneIrccc ce cguc pe|c:
jcne|c: pcce, c|m ce prcvcccr prcL|emc: ce umiccce inIericr, prcvcccr mcn-
chc: exIernc: pcr ef|cre:cncic e Ircn:pcrIe ce :c|uce: c|cc|inc: prejucicici: cc
e:mc|Ie cc: p|ccc: e cc: prcpric: vicrc: cc: jcne|c: {GCLD8EFG, 18, p.7).
Nc cc:c ce peiIcri| reve:Iicc ccm c: me:mc: p|ccc: cc fcchccc, c|m cc
nece::cric ccimenIc em Icrnc ce 5 c 77 pcrc c exIericr, c enccnIrc cc: p|ccc:
IcnIc ccm c ccixi|hc ucnIc ccm c: p|ccc: verIicci: exIernc: ceve :er feiIc ccm c
u:c ce SEL {Figurc lV.15c, L). IcmLm, c: p|ccc: cc peiIcri| cevem :er c::enIccc:
:cLre c: p|ccc: verIicci: cc fcchccc {Figurc lV.15L). Cc:c c peiIcri| :ejc execuIccc
ccm umc p|ccc mcnc||Iicc, e|c ceve :er prcvicc ce pingcceirc e :eu enccnIrc
infericr ccm c: p|ccc: cc fcchccc ceve IcmLm :er preenchicc ccm um SEL/F.
C enccnIrc cc |cIerc| cc: jcne|c: ccm c: p|ccc: ce fcchccc IcmLm c-
pre:enIc Ir: :c|uce: pc::|vei:, mc:Irccc: em p|cnIc nc Figurc lV.1. / Figurc
lV.1c mc:Irc c p|ccc cc fcchccc ccLrincc c p|ccc cc |cIerc| cc jcne|c, c ue
ceixc :uc Lcrcc expc:Ic pcrc cenIrc cc cmLienIe e cireIcmenIe vi:|ve| pcrc
uem e:Ic nc jcne|c. Jc c Figurc lV.1L mc:Irc umc :c|ucc Lc:IcnIe ccmum e
ce e:IIicc cgrcccve|, :ejc e|c vi:Ic cc inIericr cu cc exIericr cc ecif|cic.

81

o} :c|ucc incceuccc cnce, c|m cc pc:-
:iLi|iccce ce peneIrccc ce cguc pe|c jun-
Ic expc:Ic, c Lcrcc cc p|ccc cc fcchccc
ficc expc:Ic e prejucicc c e:IIicc.
b} ne::e cc:c, c p|ccc cc peiIcri| e:ccnce c
|cIerc| cc p|ccc cc fcchccc, me|hcrcncc c
e:IIicc finc|.
F|guro IV.15. Deto|he de um pe|tor|| de jone|o

Nc cc:c cc :c|ucc mc:Irccc pe|c Figurc lV.1c, nece::cric efeIucr ccr-
Ie: nc Lcrcc cc: p|ccc: ccm ferrcmenIc: e:pecici:, c ue re:u|Ic nc chcnfrc mc:-
Irccc. EmLcrc i::c re:u|Ie num exce|enIe cccLcmenIc, exige ferrcmenIc| cce-
uccc e mcc-ce-cLrc uc|ificccc pcrc execucc.
Nc cc:c cc Icpc cc: jcne|c:, prcximc c vigc :upericr, c Figurc lV.17 expce
c: |ccci: cnce c cp|icccc ce SEL nc enccnIrc ccm c ccixi|hc e::encic|, eviIcn-
cc c pc::|ve| infi|Irccc ce cguc. E::c figurc ccmp|emenIccc pe|c Figurc lV.18,
ue mc:Irc cuIrc pc:icc ue nece::iIc cc cp|icccc ce SEL: c enccnIrc cc ccn-
Irc-mcrcc ccm c: p|ccc: cercmicc: :cL c ccixi|hc. C cccLcmenIc ce::e |ccc|
Iem grcnce impcrIcncic nc Icrefc ce eviIcr c infi|Irccc ce cguc pcrc c inIericr
cc ecificccc. NcvcmenIe, vc|e |emLrcr ue ncc funcc cc reve:IimenIc ce-
rcmicc prcpcrcicncr e:Icnueiccce c vecccc, muiIc emLcrc e|e pc::c ccnIri-
Luir pcrc e::c funcc.
SEL/F
SEL
Ccixi|hc
/|vencric EmLcc exIernc
Inodequodo Adequodo
82

o} :c|ucc incceuccc: c Lcrcc cc p|ccc
cc fcchccc ficc expc:Ic e prejucicc c e:I-
Iicc:
b} ne::e cc:c, c: cuc: Lcrcc: cc p|ccc fi-
ccm e:ccncicc: pe|c SEL/rejunIe, c ue me-
|hcrc c e:IIicc finc|:

c} e::c c me|hcr :c|ucc, mc: pcucc ccmum pe|c fcIc ce nece::iIcr ce ferrcmenIc
e:pecic| pcrc c ccrIe cc ccnIc cc: p|ccc: c 45
c
.
F|guro IV.1. V|stos em p|onto de umo |otero| de jone|o

F|guro IV.17. Deto|he de jone|o F|guro IV.18. Deto|he de jone|o
SEL
SEL/F
Ccixi|hc
8|ccc cc
c|vencric
F|ccc cercmicc cc fcchccc
SEL
Ccixi|hc
E:IruIurc
LimiIcccr ce
prcfunciccce SEL/F
SEL
SEL
83
/incc em re|ccc cc Icpc cc: jcne|c:, c enccnIrc ccm c: p|ccc: verIicci:
cc fcchccc ceve :er preenchicc IcmLm pcr um SEL/F. / Figurc lV.1 {c, L) mc:-
Irc ue c: p|ccc: cc fcchccc cevem ccLrir c: p|ccc: hcrizcnIci: cc Icpc cc jcne-
|c, permiIincc ue c cguc e:cce :em enccnIrcr uc|uer junIc ue repre:enIe um
ccminhc pcrc infi|Irccc ce cguc.

o} cc:c em ue c: Lcrcc: cc: p|ccc: fi-
ccm e:ccncicc: pe|c rejunIe/SEL:
b} cc:c em ue c p|ccc cc fcchccc cuxi|ic nc
funcc ce pingcceirc, mc: ficc ccm c Lcrcc
expc:Ic, prejuciccncc c e:IIicc:

c} ne::e cc:c, c picr, c p|ccc hcrizcnIc| cc Icpc cc jcne|c e:ccnce c Lcrcc cc p|ccc cc
fcchccc, mc: c enccnIrc cc: cuc: um pcnIc vu|nercve| pcrc c peneIrccc ce cguc.
F|guro IV.1. Deto|he dos t|pos de encontro do topo do jone|o com o |ochodo

IV.4.5. F|sc|nos
C u:c cc: pi:cinc:, pcrIicu|crmenIe c: pL|icc:, envc|ve um grcnce nme-
rc ce u:ucric:, ce fcrmc ue c|gum fcIc cncrmc| pcce :er mcIivc pcrc c :urgimen-
Ic ce rumcre: c: mci: civer:c:, ce:ce c u:c ce prccuIc: ce Lcixc uc|iccce cI
ri:cc: pcrc c :cce cc: Lcnhi:Ic:.
Em muiIc: cc:c:, c inIercicc ce pi:cinc: pcce e:Icr c::cciccc c Lcixc
uc|iccce Icnicc cc cLrc, e:pecificccc inccrreIc ce mcIeric| cu, mci: freen-
IemenIe, ccm c mcu gerencicmenIc cc uc|iccce u|micc cc cguc. Em umc
pe:ui:c recenIe em vcric: pi:cinc: cc Feinc Unicc, icenIificcu-:e ue umc impcr-
SEL/F
EnchimenIc nc
funcc ce vigc
Feve:IimenIc cc fcchccc
Feve:IimenIc cc
Icpc cc jcne|c
SEL/F
So|uo
|nodequodo
DeIc|he: ce cp|icccc: pi:cinc:
84
IcnIe ccu:c pcrc Ic| fcIc fci c cccrrncic ce :ric: prcL|emc: ce erc:cc cu cIc-
ue u|micc cc rejunIe uIi|izccc {WHE/I, 2000, p.7).
/::im ccmc nc: reve:IimenIc: ce fcchccc, c uc|iccce finc| cc reve:Ii-
menIc cc: pi:cinc:, cnce e:Ic inc|u:c c rejunIe, e:Ic cireIcmenIe re|ccicnccc c
ccrreIc execucc ce um prcjeIc cceucccmenIe ceIc|hccc ue e:pecifiue
c|crcmenIe: Iipc ce p|ccc, Iipc ce rejunIe e crgcmc::c cce:ivc, Icnicc ce c::en-
IcmenIc, pc:icc cc: junIc: ce ci|cIccc, SEL: cceuccc:, ceIc|he: ce rc|c: e
pcnIc: ce circu|ccc ce cguc eIc. /|m cc: e:pecificcce: Icnicc:, um prcjeIc
ceve ceIc|hcr c :encic ce execucc, c: Icrefc: ccmp|emenIcre: e c: ccnIrc-
|e: c :erem rec|izccc: em cccc eIcpc {lIC, 14, p.53).
Fcrc c e:pecificccc cc rejunIe, pcr exemp|c, cuc: prcprieccce: funcc-
menIci: ue cevem :er cL:ervccc: :cc c re:i:Incic c: cce: meccnicc: e u|mi-
cc: cc cguc e c prcpric cL:crcc ce cguc pe|c ccrpc cc rejunIe. /|m ce e:Ic-
rem re|ccicnccc: ccm c ceIericrccc cc mcIeric| em :i, e:Icc IcmLm re|ccic-
nccc: cc ce:envc|vimenIc ce crgcni:mc: Lic|cgicc:. l::c pcrue um rejunIe ue
:cfre cLrc:cc e Iem c|Ic cL:crcc ce cguc mcnIm-:e uc:e ue permcnenIe-
menIe micc e :uc :uperf|cie c:perc ccnIriLui pcrc c ccmu|c ce :ujiccce: ue
pccem :ervir ce c|imenIc.
/|m cc: prcprieccce: :uprc ciIccc:, c ccpcciccce ce cIencer c vcric:
|crgurc: ce junIc, mcnIer :uc ccr inc|Ierccc e prcpcrcicncr cccLcmenIc :uperfi-
cic| cceuccc mc:Ircm-:e ccmc reui:iIc: impcrIcnIe:.
Ccn:icercncc ue c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e:mc|Iccc: pc::uem re:i:Incic:
meccnicc e u|micc cceuccc:, c pcnIc frccc principc| re:ume-:e c: junIc: ce
c::enIcmenIc, cu :ejc, cc rejunIe uIi|izccc e :eu ccnIcIc ccm c Lcrcc cc: p|ccc:.
Suc ccpcciccce ce mcnIer-:e inc|Ierccc cc |cngc cc: cic|c: ce IrcIcmenIc cc
cguc cc: pi:cinc: um fcIcr cr|Iicc e :uc ccrreIc :e|ecc e:Ic vincu|ccc c c|gun:
fcIcre:, ccmc pcr exemp|c:
Iipc: ce p|ccc: uIi|izccc:: cevem Ier cL:crcc mcximc ce 37 e um cce-
uccc cceficienIe ce cIriIc pcrc eviIcr ccicenIe: pcr e:ccrregcmenIc
{WHE/I, 2000). Devicc c e::c cL:crcc recuzicc, rejunIe: cimenI|cic: mc-
ncccmpcnenIe: cpre:enIcm Lcixc ccerncic e c u:c ce prccuIc: Liccm-
pcnenIe: {ce:ce ue fcrmu|ccc: ccm cciIivc: cceuccc: pcrc u:c em pi:-
cinc:) reccmenccve|.
85
/|m ci::c, rejunIe: cciIivccc: pc::uem mcicr ccpcciccce pcrc cL-
:crver cefcrmcce:
28
e pcIencic|menIe mcicr re:i:Incic cc: prccuIc: u|-
micc: exi:IenIe: nc cguc cc: pi:cinc:, pcrIicu|crmenIe c: vcricce: ce pH
{L/IlCFEIE, 2003):
uc|iccce cc :uprimenIc ce cguc: c ccmpc:icc cc cguc e :uc: prcprie-
ccce: e:Icc re|ccicnccc: ccm :uc crigem gec|cgicc. Fcrc c cc:c ce u:c
em pi:cinc:, um fcIcr impcrIcnIe :uc curezc, cu :ejc, Iecr ce ccrLcncIc:
ce cc|cic e mcgn:ic. CucnIc mcicr c Iecr, mcicr c prcLcLi|iccce ce ce-
pc:icc ce :ci:: pcr cuIrc |ccc, ucnIc mencr c Iecr, mcicr c pcIencic| ce
ccrrc:cc e erc:cc cc rejunIe, pci: c cguc Icrnc-:e mci: recIivc {WHE/I,
2000):
Iipc: ce u:c cc pi:cinc e |ccci: e:pec|ficc: nc enIcrnc ue receLercc reve:-
IimenIc cercmicc: Lcrcc: pcrcic|menIe :uLmer:c: e:Icrcc :ujeiIc: c cic|c:
ce mc|hcgem/:eccgem, c ue pcce Icrncr c cmLienIe mci: cgre::ivc pcrc
c rejunIe ne::e: |ccci: e:pec|ficc:. IcnIc c: p|ccc: ccmc c rejunIe preci:cm
cpre:enIcr fcci|iccce ce |impezc e re:i:Incic cc ce:envc|vimenIc ce cr-
gcni:mc: pcIcgnicc:. IcmLm, umc pi:cinc u:ccc cpenc: pcrc Lcnhc
Iem :c|iciIcce: ciferenciccc: ce umc u:ccc pcrc ccmpeIice:, jcgc:, Irei-
nc: ce ccnccgem eIc.

Sejc uc| fcr c rejunIe e:pecificccc, e|e ceve :empre impecir c enIrccc ce
cguc pcr Irc: cc: p|ccc: e cpre:enIcr Lcixc cL:crcc, principc|menIe em c|imc:
fric:, pci: cc:c hcjc fcrmccc ce ge|c, c pre::cc ccc:icnccc pe|c cumenIc ce
vc|ume pcce ccnificcr c reve:IimenIc. Vc|e |emLrcr ue c reve:IimenIc cercmicc
ce umc pi:cinc Iem vcric: funce:, mc: nenhumc ce|c: ce Icrnc-|c e:Icnue. /
cuLc cc pi:cinc ceve e:Icr i:enIc ce vczcmenIc: e infi|Ircce: cnIe: cc cp|icc-
cc cc reve:IimenIc e e:Ie ncc ceve :er cp|icccc :cLre Lc:e: ccm infi|Ircce:
exIernc: ccm c cLjeIivc ce e|iminc-|c:. Nc prcIicc, c reve:IimenIc ccnIriLui pcrc c
e:Icnueiccce cc ccnjunIc, mc: e::e fcIc ncc ceve :er |evccc em ccn:icerccc
nc prcjeIc e c icic ce ue vczcmenIc: pccem cccrrer Iencc ccmc ccu:c c re-
ve:IimenIc cercmicc euivccccc.
Umc vez ue c: prccuIc: cimenI|cic: Im :uc: prcprieccce: cIimizccc:
ucncc pc::cm pcr curc micc, Lcc Icnicc prcpcrcicncr e::e fcIc cc: rejunIe:

28
lnfcrmccc IcIc|menIe ccnfirmccc pe|c: IrcLc|hc: |cLcrcIcrici:.
8
ce pi:cinc:. CuIrc pcnIc impcrIcnIe ue nc: enccnIrc: ce cuc: |cIerci: cu nc:
enccnIrc: pcrece/funcc c rejunIe ceve :er :uL:IiIu|cc pcr um SEL cnIi-fungc:,
permiIincc mcvimenIcce: ciferencici: enIre p|cnc: ciferenIe: {lIC, 14, p.235).
Num e:Iucc rec|izccc em ncve pc|:e: cc Eurcpc, :ei: cpre:enIcm c rejunIe
epcxi cu c cimenI|cic LiccmpcnenIe ccmc umc incicccc pcrc u:c em pi:cinc:.
C: cuIrc: Ir: ccmenIcm ue :eu u:c ccc:icnc| e ucncc c cguc fcr muiIc c-
gre::ivc {WHE/I, 2000). Jc Freixen: {12) incicc c rejunIe epcxi ccmc mcIeric| c-
ceuccc pcrc re:i:Iir cc: prccuIc: ce IrcIcmenIc cc cguc e IcmLm pcrc prc-
pcrcicncr e:Icnueiccce cc reve:IimenIc
2
.
Em re:umc, em muiIc: cc:c: c: rejunIe cimenI|cic: LiccmpcnenIe: cIen-
cem cc: reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc cc mcicric cc: pi:cinc:, mc: c incerIezc cc
uc|iccce cc cguc Iem impc:Ic c u:c ce rejunIe epcxi ccnIrc um pc::|ve| IrcIc-
menIc incceuccc {WHE/I, 2000).

2
EnIencc-:e cui ue c ccnjunIc cc: p|ccc: e rejunIe ceve impecir c pc::cgem ce cguc. Me:mc :e
hcuver umc fc|hc ucnIc c e::e c:pecIc, c re:pcn:cLi|iccce pcr impecir c vczcmenIc cc pi:cinc ccnIi-
nuc :encc cc ccmccc ce impermecLi|izccc.

V.

FkOGkAMA FXFFklMFNIAL

E:Ie ccp|Iu|c exiLe Iccc: c: re:u|Iccc: cc: en:cic: |cLcrcIcrici: execuIccc:
curcnIe c pe:ui:c. Scc mc:Irccc: e ccmenIccc: c: :eguinIe: en:cic: ce ccrcc-
Ierizccc cc: rejunIe:: reIrccc |inecr, f|exiLi|iccce, mcnchcmenIc, re:i:Incic ce
ccerncic, re:i:Incic c ccmpre::cc, mccu|c ce cefcrmccc, reIencc ce cguc.
C: en:cic: ce f|excc ce pcini: em e:cc|c rec| e:Icc ci:pc:Ic: cc finc| e repre:en-
Icm c pcnIc chcve ce Iccc: c: en:cic: execuIccc:.

Objet|vos espec||cos o serem ot|ng|dos
CLjeIivc: 5, , 7 e 8: ver pcginc 5.

lnIrccucc
5. FFCGF/M/ EXFEFlMENI/L
88
O QJF VOC 5A8F NO IFM VALOk ALGJM
O VALOk F5I NO QJF VOC FAZ COM O QJF 5A8F.
FrcvrLic chin:

:Ie ccp|Iu|c e:Ic civicicc em cuc: pcrIe: principci:. / primeirc ce|c:
ce:creve Iccc: c: en:cic: ce ccrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe: execuIccc:
curcnIe c prcgrcmc experimenIc|. C enfcue cccc cc: prccuIc: cimenI|cic:,
mc: c|gun: re:u|Iccc: cc: rejunIe: ce Lc:e crgcnicc :cc ccmenIccc: cpcrIunc-
menIe. / :eguncc pcrIe, ue cLcrcc c: en:cic: ce f|excc ce pcini:, ce:creve c
cLjeIivc cenIrc| ce:Ic ci::erIccc, cu :ejc, ci:cuIir c: en:cic: pcrc cvc|icr c inf|u-
ncic cc: junIc: ce c::enIcmenIc nc e:IcLi|iccce ce pcini: :uLmeIicc: c f|excc.
EnIencc-:e cui ue c Iermc untc: ce c::entcnentc refere-:e cc Iipc ce rejunIe
uIi|izccc e IcmLm c |crgurc cc junIc.
V.1. CAkACIEkIIAO DOS kEJbNIES
C: en:cic: ce ccrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe: fcrcm Lc:eccc: nc prcjeIc ce
ncrmc 18:40.05-001 {/8NI, 2001) e, ucncc ju|gcu-:e nece::cric, cuIrc: ncrmc:
fcrcm uIi|izccc:, :ejc pcrc ncrIecr c execucc cc: en:cic: :ejc pcrc ccmpcrcr :eu
prccecimenIc ce execucc.
lnicic|menIe, c: en:cic: fcrcm execuIccc: ccm c u:c ce rejunIe: mcnc-
ccmpcnenIe: e, cpc:, c|gun: fcrcm repeIicc: ccm rejunIe: LiccmpcnenIe: pcrc
efeiIc: ce ccmpcrccc. Ne::e cc:c, c: cciIivc: uIi|izccc: fcrcm c: cc Iipc S8F {e:Ii-
renc LuIccienc), repre:enIccc pe|c S8F_EF {pcr umc ue:Icc ce e:pcc, icenIifi-
cccc cpenc: ccmc F em c|gumc: IcLe|c:) e S8F_E/, e ccr||icc, repre:enIccc pe|c
/CF. C cciIivc S8F_EF incicccc pe|c fcLriccnIe ccmc um cc: e|emenIc: cc mi:-
Iurc LiccmpcnenIe ce crgcmc::c cce:ivc ce c|Ic ce:empenhc e c S8F_E/ in-
cicccc e:pecificcmenIe pcrc me|hcrcr c|gumc: prcprieccce: ce rejunIe: cimen-
I|cic:.
Ccnfcrme infcrmcce: cc: fcLriccnIe:, c cciIivc S8F_EF cpre:enIc Iecr ce
:c|icc: cprcximccc ce 277 {77 pcrc c S8F_E/) e c /CF ce 507, :encc e::e: c:
vc|cre: cccIccc: pcrc c cc|cu|c cc rczcc pc||merc/cimenIc {p/c). Nc cc:c cc:
rejunIe:, c Iecr ce cimenIc cccIccc fci ce 307, c ue IcmLm repre:enIc c: cc-
cc: fcrnecicc: pe|c: fcLriccnIe:. Em Iccc: c: en:cic: fcrcm u:ccc: rejunIe: Iipc
junIc |crgc e:pec|ficc: pcrc u:c exIernc {Iipc ll cc IcLe|c ll.7, p.25).
E
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:
8
/ IcLe|c V.1 cpre:enIc um re:umc cc: en:cic: execuIccc:, c: re:pecIivc:
ncrmc: ue regem :uc execucc e c ucnIiccce ce CF: {ccrpc:-ce-prcvc) exe-
cuIccc: em |cLcrcIcric.
Iobe|o V.1. kesumo dos enso|os de corocter|zoo e respect|vos normos ut|||zodos
N
o
do normo
Doto do normo
Nome do normo
Enso|o
CFs suger|dos pe|o normo CFs executodos no |oborotor|o
18:40.05
2001
/rgcmc::c pcrc rejunIcmenIc - DeIerminccc cc
reIrccc |inecr - MIccc ce en:cic {/nexc D).
FeIrccc
|inecr
4 uniccce: 7 c uniccce:
EN 12002
17
Acne:|ve: |c| t||e: - cete|n|nct|cn c| t|cn:ve|:e ce-
|c|nct|cn |c| cenent|t|cu: ccne:|ve: cnc g|cut:.
Defcrmccc
Ircn:ver:c|
{f|exiLi|iccce)
3 uniccce: uniccce:
N8F 13818
17
F|ccc: cercmicc: pcrc reve:IimenIc - e:pecificccc
e mIccc: ce en:cic {/nexc G).
McnchcmenIc
- -
N8F 14084
18
/rgcmc::c cc|cnIe incu:Ir. pcrc c::enI. ce p|ccc:
ce cercmicc - DeI. cc re:i:Incic ce ccerncic.
Fe:i:Incic
ce ccerncic
10 uniccce: 10 uniccce:
18:40.05
2001
/rg. pcrc rejunIcmenIc - DeIerminccc cc re:i:In-
cic c ccmpre::cc - MIccc ce en:cic {/nexc E).
Fe:i:Incic c
ccmpre::cc
uniccce: 10 uniccce:
18:40.05
2001
/rg. pcrc rejunIcmenIc - DeIerm. cc mccu|c ce
cefcrmccc e:IcIicc - MIccc ce en:cic {/nexc G).
Mccu|c ce
cefcrmccc
uniccce: 10 uniccce:
18:40.05
2001
/rgcmc::c pcrc rejunIcmenIc - DeIerminccc cc
reIencc ce cguc - MIccc ce en:cic {/nexc C).
FeIencc
ce cguc
1 uniccce 1 uniccce

DurcnIe c execucc cc: en:cic: em |cLcrcIcric, c Iecr ce cciIivc fci re|c-
cicnccc ccm c ucnIiccce ce cguc ce cmc::cmenIc, ce mccc c fcci|iIcr c e-
xecucc cc mi:Iurc. /::im, nc IcLe|c V.2, c vc|cr 507F incicc 507 ce cciIivc S-
8F_EF em re|ccc cc IcIc| cc cguc ce cmc::cmenIc, cu :ejc, ce um IcIc| ce
200m| ce cguc, 100m| fcrcm :uL:IiIu|cc: pe|c cciIivc. Nc cc:c cc /CF, c re|ccc
fci nicc ce 1:3 em re|ccc c cguc {umc pcrIe ce cciIivc: Ir: pcrIe: ce cguc).
EmLcrc e::e prccecimenIc Ienhc fcci|iIccc c IrcLc|hc |cLcrcIcric|, c vc|cr ue
rec|menIe Irccuz :enIicc f|:icc impcrIcnIe c re|ccc pc||merc/cimenIc {p/c). Fcr
e::e mcIivc, c IcLe|c V.2 i|u:Irc c euivc|ncic enIre e::c: cuc: grcncezc:.
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:
0
Iobe|o V.2. Converso do vo|or prt|co de od|t|vo poro o re|oo po|meroJc|mento [pJc}
Vo|ores equ|vo|entes entre re|oo prt|co usodo no |oborotor|o e teor pJc
Fe|ccc prcIicc 257F 337F 507F 7F 1007F S8F_E/ /CF
Iecr p/c 4,57 5,7 ,07 12,07 18,07 4,77 8,37

Nc: en:cic: ce ccrccIerizccc iIemizccc: c :eguir, :cc cpre:enIccc: exp|i-
ccce: Lc:icc: :cLre :uc execucc, c: vc|cre: cLIicc: e c|gun: ccmenIcric: c
re:peiIc cc: re:u|Iccc:. / prccecncic cc: prccuIc: c :eguinIe: E|icne {F1), Jun-
IcFcm {F2), Lcfcrge {F3), FcrIckc|| {F4), CucrIzc|iI {F5) e /Lccc FejunIcLrc: {F).
V.1.1. ketroo ||neor
C en:cic ce reIrccc |inecr execuIccc pcr meic cc mc|ccgem ce um
pri:mc reIcngu|cr :eme|hcnIe cc mc:Irccc nc Figurc V.1. /pc: um inIervc|c ce
curc inicic|, c CF ce:mc|cccc, crmczenccc em ccmcrc :ecc e :eu ccmprimen-
Ic mecicc em per|ccc: pr-ceIerminccc:. E::e en:cic ce:criIc pe|c prcjeIc ce
ncrmc 18:40.05 {/8NI, 2001) e c mc|ccgem cc: CF: pcce :er execuIccc ce c-
ccrcc ccm c prccecimenIc c|i ce:criIc cpenc: pcrc c cc:c ce rejunIe: mcnc-
ccmpcnenIe:. Nc cc:c ce rejunIe: LiccmpcnenIe:, c ccmpccIccc fci execuIc-
cc cpenc: pcr impccIc, jc ue c ccn:i:Incic cc prccuIc impeciu
30
c ccmpccIc-
cc pcr peneIrccc ce e:pcIu|c ccmc e:pecificccc pe|c prcjeIc ce ncrmc.

F|guro V.1. Esboo do CF ut|||zodo no enso|o de retroo

Cccc um cc: prccuIc: en:ciccc: cpre:enIcu um vc|cr ccrccIer|:Iicc ce re-
Irccc, ncc :encc c me:mc pcrc ciferenIe: fcLriccnIe:. Nc cc:c ce rejunIe: Li-
Ccrpc ce prcvc
Finc pcrc mecicc
Fcrmc ce cc
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: reIrccc |inecr
1
ccmpcnenIe: ccm ciferenIe: Iecre: ce cciIivc, hcuve umc peuenc vcriccc nc
vc|cr finc| cc reIrccc, ccmc pcce :er vi:Ic nc IcLe|c V.3. EnIreIcnIc, c ccicc cc
pc||merc inf|uencicu :en:ive|menIe c ce:vic pccrcc cc: ccnjunIc: ce CF:, Icr-
ncncc c cmc:Irc mci: hcmcgnec, ccnfcrme pcce :er vi:uc|izccc nc Figurc V.2.
Iobe|o V.3. ketroo dos rejuntes nos |dodes de 1, 7 e 21 d|os respect|vomente [mmJm}
Ieor de od|t|vo do m|sturo
Fobr|-
conte
Furo
25% F
pJc=4,5%
33%F
pJc=5,%
50%F
pJc=,0%
%F
pJc=12%
100%F

pJc=18%
S8k_EA
pJc=4,7%
F1
7

C
F
:

0,3
1,51
1,5

C
F
:

0,3
1,40
1,38
-

C
F
:

0,7
1,33
1,45
-

C
F
:

0,2
1,58
1,75

C
F
:

0,52
1,18
1,24

F4

C
F
:

0,3
1,08
1,14
-

8

C
F
:

0,32
1,2
1,37
-

C
F
:

0,23
1,21
1,32

C
F
:

0,10
1,12
1,30
7

C
F
:

0,42
1,32
1,41
F5

C
F
:

0,27
1,48
1,4
- - - - - -
F

C
F
:

0,23
1,10
1,25
- - - - -

C
F
:

0,17
1,05
1,10

kejunte puro kejunte od|t|vodo
F
e
I
r
c
c
c

{
m
m
/
m
)

0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
0 10 20

lccce {cic:)
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
0 10 20

lccce {cic:)
F|guro V.2. Gr||co do retroo de um mesmo rejunte sob duos cond|es: puro e od|t|vodo

/ /NSl /118. {/NSl, 1) e:IcLe|ece vc|cre: ce reIrccc |inecr mcximc c
24h ce 0,3mm/m e cc: :eIe cic: ce 1mm/m. EnIreIcnIc, c: ccncice: ce curc e:-

30
C: rejunIe: LiccmpcnenIe: cpre:enIcm-:e muiIc grucenIc:". /::im, c reIirccc cc e:pcIu|c cccLc pcr
remcver c rejunIe cc fcrmc cc inv: ce prcmcver :uc ccmpccIccc, c ue impece ue :ejc feiIc ce::c
mcneirc.
N
c

c
e

C
F
:

FeIrccc c 1 cic
FeIrccc cc: 7 cic:
FeIrccc cc: 21 cic:
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: reIrccc |inecr
2
pecificccc: ne::c ncrmc exigem umiccce re|cIivc ce 57 cu mci:, enucnIc ue
c: en:cic: ce:criIc: ne:Ie ccp|Iu|c fcrcm ce:envc|vicc: em ccmcrc :ecc cpc: c
curc inicic|, ccnfcrme ce:criIc nc prcjeIc ce ncrmc jc ciIccc.
V.1.2. F|ex|b|||dode [de|ormoo tronsverso|}
C en:cic ce cefcrmccc Ircn:ver:c| {cui IrcIccc ccmc f|exiLi|iccce), ccn-
:i:Ie em :uLmeIer c f|excc umc p|ccc ce rejunIe ccm cimen:ce: ce 280x45x3mm
cI :uc rupIurc, :encc c ccrgc cp|icccc nc pcrIe cenIrc| ce um CF cpciccc :c-
Lre rc|eIe:, ccmc i|u:Irccc nc Figurc V.3.

F|guro V.3. Esboo do enso|o de ||ex|b|||dode [de|ormoo tronsverso|}

Ccmc c: CF: execuIccc: Im :eu Icmcnhc pccrcnizccc pe|c EN 12002
{EN, 17), fcrmc: preci:crcm :er ccnfeccicnccc: nc |cLcrcIcric cc CFDCC
{Figurc V.4) uIi|izcncc umc p|ccc ce FVC em virIuce cc :eu cu:Ic infericr em re|c-
cc cc Ief|cn

{FIFE
31
), :ugericc pe|c EN 12002. /pc: e::c Icrefc, c: CF: fcrcm
mc|cccc: e en:ciccc: ccmc mc:Irccc nc Figurc V.5.
C: en:cic: fcrcm rec|izccc: ccnfcrme c ncrmc EN 12002 {EN, 17) exceIc
pe|c fcIc ce ue c curc ceu-:e em |cLcrcIcric ccm IempercIurc ce 232
c
C e u-
miccce re|cIivc ce 057. E::c ncrmc e:IcLe|ece curc ce 14 cic: num invc|ucrc
ce pc|ieIi|enc :eguicc ce cuIrc: 14 cic: nc: ccncice: ce 232
c
C. De::c fcrmc, c:
re:u|Iccc: ncc pccem :er cccIccc: ccmc vc|cre: cL:c|uIc:, mc: pccem cpenc:

31
FIFE - :ig|c prcvenienIe ce pc|iteIrc||ucreIi|enc. C ncme Ief|cn
fci pcIenIeccc pe|c DuFcnI em 145 e

repre:enIc umc fcm||ic ce f|cr-pc||merc: ue eng|cLc c FIFE, ccnhecicc pcr :er um mcIeric| ce grcnce
re:i:Incic u|micc e c me|hcr cnIi-ccerenIe jc ce:ccLerIc. {lnfcrmccc ci:pcn|ve| em
hIIp://ccyLrc:i|.ccm.Lr/prccuIc:/p|c:Iicc:. /ce::c em: Mci.2003).
Eixc cc meciccr ce
ce:|cccmenIc
CuIe|c ce
cp|icccc
cc ccrgc
CF :cL f|excc
Fc|eIe
ce cpcic
Fcrmc cc CF cnIe:
cc cp|icccc cc
ccrgc
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: f|exiLi|iccce
3
:er cLjeIc ce ccmpcrccc enIre :i. /cemci:, pcr ncc Ierem re|evcncic pcrc e:Ie
IexIc, c: vc|cre: cc: ccrgc: ce rupIurc ncc e:Icc cpre:enIccc: nc: IcLe|c: ce
re:u|Iccc: expc:Ic: nc :encic.

F|guro V.4. Frmos con|ecc|onodos em FVC F|guro V.5. Enso|o de ||ex|b|||dode

/ IcLe|c V.4 mc:Irc c re:u|Iccc cc: en:cic: ce f|exiLi|iccce cc: 28 e cc: 14
cic:, :encc ue cccc vc|cr cpre:enIccc umc mcic ce pe|c menc: :ei: CF:.
Iobe|o V.4. Enso|os de ||ex|b|||dode do rejunte oos 28 e oos 14 d|os [||echos em mm}
Ieor de po|mero od|c|onodo
l
c
c
c
e

Fobr|-
conte
Furo
25%F
pJc = 4,5%
50%F
pJc = %
100%F
pJc = 18%
S8k_EA
pJc = 4,7%
ACk
pJc = 8,3%
F1 1,32

0,04
1,80

0,21
2,57

0,20
5,8

0,3
1,8

0,15
2,5

0,2

F2 1,20

0,14
- - 8,35

0,33
- -
F3 1,33

0,12
- - 5,28

0,14
- 1,8

0,23

F4 - - - 8,20

0,15
- -
F5 1,5

0,15
- - 7,0

0,14
- 3,71

0,4

2
8

c
i
c
:

F 1,38

0,12
1,

0,12
2,3

0,15
7,42

0,52
1,

0,17
1,

0,07

F1 1,00

0,02
- - ,00

0,43
1,1

0,15
3,21

0,32

F2 1,2

0,07
- - 8,38

0,74
- -
F3 1,15

0,0
- - 8,4

0,35
- 3,75

0,17

F4 0,73

0,05
- - ,54

0,12
- 4,13

0,44

F5 2,75

0,33
2,2

0,10
4,1

0,43
8,87

0,30
4,27

0,30
4,02

0,2

1
4

c
i
c
:

F 1,50

0,17
- - 5,22

0,71
1,83

0,13
-
- FejunIe epcxi:
- FejunIe furcnicc:
25,8mm.
mc|ccgem ncc pc::|ve| cevicc c ccn:i:Incic cc mcIeric|.

8c|cnc pcrc mecicc cc ccrgc
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: f|exiLi|iccce
4
C en:cic ce f|exiLi|iccce pcce :er ccrre|ccicnccc ccm cuc: prcprieccce:
impcrIcnIe: cc: rejunIe: cimenI|cic:: mccu|c ce cefcrmccc e ccpcciccce ce
cL:crver cefcrmcce: c|c|icc:. Fcrc um prccuIc cc me:mc prccecncic, c: en-
:cic: reve|crcm ue ucnIc mcicr c Iecr ce pc||merc mcicr fci c f|echc pcrc c
me:mc ccrgc ce rupIurc, c ue :ignificc umc recucc cc mccu|c ce cefcrmc-
cc. Nc cc:c ce e:fcrc: c|c|icc: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc, ccmc vcricce: ci-
men:icnci: ce crigem Irmicc, c pc||merc prcpcrcicnc c fcrmccc ce umc mcIriz
ce cimenIc e cgregccc: imer:c num ccmpc:Ic e|c:Ic-p|c:Iicc, c ue ccnIriLui
pcrc c fcrmccc ce um ccnjunIc mc|ecve|", recuzincc c prcLcLi|iccce ce fi::u-
rc: pcr fccigc e cumenIcncc c ccerncic c |cIerc| cc p|ccc:. CucnIc mcicr c
Iecr ce pc||merc, mci: inf|uenIe: :cc :uc: prcprieccce: nc ccmpc:Ic finc|.
V.1.3. Monchomento
C en:cic ce mcnchcmenIc ce rejunIe ncc :egue nenhumc ncrmc, mc:
rczccve| ue :ejcm cp|icccc: c: me:mc: cgenIe: mcnchcnIe: e c me:mc Icni-
cc e:pecificccc nc N8F 13818 {/8NI, 17), ue IrcIc cc mcnchcmenIc ce p|c-
cc: cercmicc:. 8c:iccmenIe, c en:cic :e re:ume em :ujcr c rejunIe e |impc-|c me-
IcciccmenIe.
/pc: c remccc cc exce::c ce cgenIe mcnchcnIe, umc pcrIe :uperficic|
ce cif|ci| remccc pe|c fcIc ce ficcr ccericc nc :uperf|cie rugc:c cc rejunIe. /-
|m ci::c, umc pcrIe cc cgenIe cccLc pcr peneIrcr c e:IruIurc cc rejunIe numc
prcfunciccce Ic| ue cepence IcnIc cc: ccrccIer|:Iicc:/prcprieccce: cc rejunIe
ccmc cc prcpric cgenIe mcnchcnIe {me:mc c: prccuIc: epcxi, ccm cL:crcc
uc:e nu|c, cpre:enIcrcm mcnchc: cpc: c en:cic).
DenIre e::c: ccrccIer|:Iicc:/prcprieccce:, pcce-:e ce:Icccr: cL:crcc, pc-
rc:iccce e ccr cc rejunIe, Iipc ce cgenIe mcnchcnIe {vinhc, c|ec, ccIchup, mc:-
Icrcc, ccf eIc.), ccn:i:Incic, Iempc ce ccnIcIc, Icnicc ce |impezc. / Figurc V.
mc:Irc um en:cic ce mcnchcmenIc ccm ccIchup, mc:Icrcc e iccc e c Figurc V.7
i|u:Irc c rejunIe cpc: pc::cr pcr um prcce::c ce |impezc ccm cguc ccrrenIe e e:-
ccvc ce cercc: p|c:Iicc:. NcIc-:e ue c: mcnchc: ncc pucercm :er remcvicc:.
/pc: c IenIcIivc ce |impezc, umc ccmccc :uperficic| cc rejunIe fci remc-
vicc pcr rc:pcgem, fcIc ue pc::iLi|iIcu perceLer ue c cgenIe mcnchcnIe pe-
neIrcu prcfunccmenIe {cprcximcccmenIe 1mm) nc ccrpc cc rejunIe.
/::im, umc vez ue c cgenIe fci cL:crvicc pe|c rejunIe, pcce-:e cecuzir
ue c remccc cc mcnchc prcIiccmenIe impc::|ve|, re:Icncc cpenc: c c|Ier-
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: mcnchcmenIc
5
ncIivc ce remccc e recp|icccc cc rejunIe nc pcrIe cfeIccc. Me:mc ccm e::c
cIiIuce e :encc c recp|icccc ce cpenc: umc pcrIe cc rejunIe umc Icrefc :im-
p|e:, muiIc: veze: e|c :e Icrnc ineficcz pcrue c rejunIe recm cp|icccc ce:Icc
cc: pcrIe: mci: cnIigc:, c ue pcce re:u|Icr em uc|iccce ce :ervic infericr c ue
hcvic me:mc ccm c pre:enc cc: mcnchc:.

F|guro V.. Enso|o de monchomento F|guro V.7. kejunte monchodo opos ||mpezo

Em re:umc, ncIc-:e ue c mcnchcmenIc muiIc inf|uenciccc pe|c rugc:i-
ccce, pe|c cL:crcc ce cguc e pe|c pcrc:iccce cc: rejunIe:. Nc cc:c cc: rejun-
Ie: LiccmpcnenIe:, c: cciIivc: pccem c|Iercr c cL:crcc ce cguc e c pcrc:icc-
ce, mc: pcucc inIerferem nc rugc:iccce :uperficic|. l::c pcrue e|c cepence cc
Iipc ce cccLcmenIc cc rejunIe e, pe|c prcpric fcIc ce IrcIcr-:e ce um mcIeric|
crenc:c {rejunIe: cimenI|cic:), :uc :uperf|cie :empre cpre:enIc irregu|criccce: ue
cificu|Icm c |impezc e remccc cc: mcnchc:.
V.1.4. kes|stnc|o de odernc|o
C en:cic ce re:i:Incic ce ccerncic ccn:i:Ie em c::enIcr umc p|ccc ce-
rcmicc ce cimen:ce: 5x5cm :cLre um :uL:IrcIc pccrcc, crrcnccncc-c cpc: um
per|ccc e:pec|ficc ce curc {Figurc V.8) ccnfcrme ce:criIc nc N8F 14084 {/8NI,
18)
32
. /|m ci::c, pcrc cvc|icr c re:i:Incic ce ccerncic cc: rejunIe: cc e:mc|Ie
cc: p|ccc:, fcrcm feiIc: en:cic: cnce c :uL:IrcIc pccrcc fci :uL:IiIu|cc pcr umc
p|ccc e:mc|Iccc e ccmp|eIcmenIe |i:c {Figurc V.). E::e en:cic fci execuIccc
Iencc em vi:Ic ue c|gumc: p|ccc: cpre:enIcm e:mc|Ie nc |cIerc|, c ue pcce
prejuciccr c ccerncic cc rejunIe.

32
E::e en:cic fci ce:envc|vicc pcrc crgcmc::c: cce:ivc:, mc: ne::e cc:c fci uIi|izccc pcrc cvc|icr c
re:i:Incic ce ccerncic cc rejunIe.
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: re:i:Incic ce ccerncic

/ cp|icccc :cLre c :uL:IrcIc pccrcc fci execuIccc ccm ce:empencceirc
cenIeccc {cenIe: xmm) e IcmLm pcr meic cc Icnicc cc Lc|cc
33
, :encc ue
pcucc ciferenc fci enccnIrccc nc re:u|Iccc finc| cc re:i:Incic ce ccerncic.
CuIrc fcIc re|evcnIe ue c pc:icicncmenIc cc mc::c ce 1kg :cLre c: p|ccc:
recm c::enIccc: IcmLm pcucc inf|uencicu c re:u|Iccc cc: en:cic:, prcvcve|-
menIe pcrue c rejunIe cpre:enIc-:e Lem mci: ccn:i:IenIe cc ue umc crgcmc:-
:c cce:ivc e pcucc :cfre c inf|uncic ce umc ccrgc e:IcIicc ce 1kg.

F|guro V.8. Adernc|o sobre substroto podro F|guro V.. Adernc|o sobre p|oco cerm|co

/ :eguir, c IcLe|c V.5 mc:Irc c: re:u|Iccc: cc: en:cic: ce re:i:Incic ce
ccerncic cc: 14 e 28 cic: pcrc p|ccc: ce pcrce|cncIc e c IcLe|c V. pcrc p|c-
cc: ce :emi-gr:.
Iobe|o V.5. kes|stnc|o de odernc|o [p|ocos de porce|onoto} sobre substroto podro [MFo}
14 d|os 28 d|os
Fobr|-
conte
Furo
50% S8k_EF
pJc=,0%
100% S8k_EF
pJc=18%
Furo
50% S8k_EF
pJc=,0%
100% S8k_EF
pJc=18%
F1 0,52
0,17
0,83

0,20
1,1

* - - -
F2 - - - 0,58

0,0
- *
F3 - - - - - -
F4 - - - 0,25

0,07
0,84

0,17
1,07

0,15

F5 0,7
0,0
- 1,1* - - 1,78

0,12

* FupIurc cc :uL:IrcIc pccrcc {ver Figurc V.10).
Sc|vc c: rupIurc: cc :uL:IrcIc, Iccc: c: cemci: en:cic: cpre:enIcrcm rupIurc nc inIerfcce
p|ccc/rejunIe, :encc ue c: p|ccc: cpre:enIcrcm re:Ic: :ignificcIivc: ce rejunIe nc Icrccz
cpenc: pcrc Iecre: ce 1007 S8F_EF.

33
Icnicc em ue pcrce: ce crgcmc::c :cc cp|icccc: :cLre c Icrccz cc p|ccc c :er c::enIccc, Lc:-
Icncc pre::icnc-|c cI ue c exce::c ce crgcmc::c f|uc pe|c: |cIerci:.
7
/ N8F 14084 {/8NI, 18) e:pecificc p|ccc: ccm cL:crcc ce 417 pcrc c
en:cic cc: crgcmc::c: cce:ivc:. EnIreIcnIc, pcrc efeiIc ce ccmpcrccc, c: rejun-
Ie: fcrcm uIi|izccc: nc c::enIcmenIc ce p|ccc: ce pcrce|cncIc e :emi-gr:, re:u|-
Icncc em cccc: ccmpcrcIivc: pcrc cuc: p|ccc: ce u:c Lc:IcnIe ccmum.
Iobe|o V.. kes|stnc|o de odernc|o [p|ocos de sem|-grs} sobre substroto podro [MFo}
14 d|os 28 d|os
Fobr|-
conte
Furo
50% S8k_EF
pJc=,0%
100% S8k_EF
pJc=18%
Furo
50% S8k_EF
pJc=,0%
100% F
pJc=18
F1 0,47
0,18
{c) 1,55
0,25
{L) 1,30* 0,87
0,14
{c) 1,23* 1,13*
F3 0,24
0,04
{c) 0,35
0,07
{c) - 0,28
0,04
{c) 1,15
0,12
{L,c) -
F5 0,73
0,18
{c) 1,21* - 1,2
0,10
{L) 1,55
0,13
{L) 1,5*
* FupIurc cc :uL:IrcIc pccrcc {ver Figurc V.10).
{c) FejunIe :c|Ic cc Icrccz cc p|ccc.
{L) FejunIe crrcncc ccpc :uperficic| cc :uL:IrcIc pccrcc.
{c) FupIurc cc rejunIe, hcvencc re:Ic: nc Icrccz cc p|ccc e re:Ic: nc :uL:IrcIc pccrcc.

Nc cc:c ce c::enIcmenIc :cLre p|ccc e:mc|Iccc {Figurc V.), ficc c|crc
pe|c IcLe|c V.7 c Lcix|::imc ccerncic cc: prccuIc: purc:, ccmc ceveric :er :e-
guncc c Iecric ue exp|icc c ccerncic meccnicc cc cimenIc {iIem lll.7, p.2),
uc:e ue exc|u:ivc nc cc:c cc: rejunIe: mcncccmpcnenIe:. EnIreIcnIc, cnc|i-
:cncc c: re:u|Iccc: cc: prccuIc: LiccmpcnenIe:, c efeiIc cc|c" cc cciIivc mcni-
fe:Ic-:e :en:ive|menIe nc: mcIerici: ce Iccc: c: fcLriccnIe:, me:mc :encc e|e
mci: ccenIuccc em c|gun: cc ue em cuIrc:.
EvicenIemenIe, e::e fcIc cepence cc inIerccc enIre cci: mcIerici:, c pc-
||merc e c rejunIe, :encc ue c ce:empenhc cc ccmpc:Ic finc| ceve :er cnc|i:ccc
ncc cpenc: c curIc prczc, mc: principc|menIe em iccce: mcicre: ue repre:en-
Iem mci: cceucccmenIe c vicc Ii| cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc.
Iobe|o V.7. kes|stnc|o de odernc|o oos 14 d|os sobre p|oco esmo|todo [MFo}
Ieor de po|mero od|c|onodo
Fobr|-
conte
Furo
25% S8k_EF
pJc=4,5%
50% S8k_EF
pJc=,0%
100% S8k_EF
pJc=18%
S8k_EA
pJc=4,7%
F1 0,04
0,01
0,13
0,03
0,27
0,05
1,5
0,11
0,38
0,13

F4 0,00
0,00
- - 0,2
0,0
0,2
0,05

F5 0,07
0,01
- - 0,37
0,02
0,3
0,03

F 0,00
0,00
- - - 0,78
0,0

Iccc: c: en:cic: cpre:enIcrcm rupIurc nc inIerfcce rejunIe/:uperf|cie e:mc|Iccc.

8
CuIrc fcIc ue pcce :er cL:ervccc nc cc:c ce prccuIc: LiccmpcnenIe:
ue c e|evccc re:i:Incic ce ccerncic pcr e|e: prcpcrcicnccc ccc:icncu c rup-
Iurc cc :uL:IrcIc pccrcc. l::c cccrreu ce cuc: fcrmc:: crrcnccmenIc ce umc pcr-
Ie cc :uL:IrcIc {Figurc V.10) cu ueLrc cc :uL:IrcIc pcr f|excc {Figurc V.11).
/mLc: c: :iIucce: mc:Ircm c nece::iccce ce :uL:IrcIc: ce mcicr re:i:-
Incic pcrc c Ie:Ie ce prccuIc: ce e|evccc ce:empenhc, eviIcncc c percc ce
CF:. CucnIc c e::e c:pecIc, um fcIc c :er cL:ervccc ue c: :uL:IrcIc: pccrcc
uIi|izccc: cpre:enIcrcm cuc: e:pe::urc:, vcricncc ccnfcrme c fcrnececcr: 15mm
e 20mm. EmLcrc c N8F 14082 {/8NI, 18) e:pecifiue 15mm ccmc e:pe::urc m|-
nimc pcrc c: :uL:IrcIc:, ju:IcmenIe cue|e: ccm e::c cimen:cc ue :cfrercm
rupIurc pcr f|excc.

F|guro V.10. kupturo do substroto podro F|guro V.11. Quebro do substroto por ||exo

C: cemci:, ccm e:pe::urc ce 20mm, :cfrercm rupIurc ccnfcrme mc:Irc c
Figurc V.10 pcrc rejunIe: LiccmpcnenIe:. De uc|uer fcrmc, i::c ncc pcce :er
enccrccc ccmc umc cr|Iicc c ncrmc, mc: :im ccmc umc :uge:Icc, jc ue e|c
c|crc em cfirmcr ue c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: ceve :er feiIc ccm crgcmc::c:
mcncccmpcnenIe:.
V.1.5. Compresso e modu|o de de|ormoo estt|co
C: vc|cre: ce ccmpre::cc e mccu|c ce cefcrmccc re:u|Icm ce um me:-
mc en:cic Lc:icc. C prccecimenIc ccn:i:Ie em ccmprimir um ccrpc-ce-prcvc
ci||ncricc cceucccmenIe curccc {Figurc V.12) cI :uc rupIurc, :encc cncIccc c
vc|cr cc Ien:cc mcximc. Cucncc e:Iiver :encc execuIccc c en:cic ce mccu|c ce
cefcrmccc e:IcIicc, vc|cre: ce cefcrmccc |cngiIucinc| cc CF :cc IcmLm re-
gi:Irccc: ccnfcrme c Ien:cc ce ccmpre::cc cumenIc, c ue cc crigem c um grc-
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: ccmpre::cc e mccu|c ce cefcrmccc

ficc Ien:cc x cefcrmccc ce cnce pcce :er exIrc|cc c vc|cr cc mccu|c ce ce-
fcrmccc. C prcjeIc ce ncrmc 18:40.05 {/8NI, 2001) ce:creve c ccrregcmenIc
pcrc cc|cu|c cc mccu|c ccmc :encc c p|cnc cc ccrgc l {IcngenIe inicic|) cc N8F
8522 {/8NI, 184).
Fcrc ue c ccnIcIc cc CF ccm c: Lc:e: ce cp|icccc cc ccrgc :ejc cIimi-
zccc, :uc: exIremiccce: preci:cm :er reIificccc: ce mccc c cpre:enIcr c mcximc
crec ce ccnIcIc ccm c ccrgc e eviIcr c ccmu|c ce Ien:ce: ue pc::cm cfeIcr c
re:u|Iccc cc en:cic. l::c pcce :er feiIc ce cuc: mcneirc:: pcr ccpecmenIc ce
enxcfre cu pcr reIificccc meccnicc, :encc c primeirc cc:c c uIi|izccc ne:Ie Irc-
Lc|hc pe|c :uc fcci|iccce ce execucc e pe|c ci:pcniLi|iccce ce mcIeric|.

F|guro V.12. Esboo do enso|o de compresso

/ :eguir, c IcLe|c V.8 cpre:enIc c: re:u|Iccc: ce re:i:Incic c ccmpre::cc
e c IcLe|c V. c: vc|cre: ce mccu|c ce cefcrmccc, cmLc: pcrc rejunIe purc e
ccm 1007 ce cciIivc S8F_EF. C mccu|c ce cefcrmccc cc rejunIe Iem grcnce
pcIencic| pcrc prcpcrcicncr c||vic ce Ien:ce:, ccnfcrme fci vi:Ic nc iIem lll. {p.45).
Iobe|o V.8. kes|stnc|o compresso [MFo}
Furo 100% S8k_EF [pJc=18%}
Idode [d|os} Idode [d|os}
Fobr|-
conte
3 7 14 28 3 7 14 28
F1 - 1,8

1,05
21,7

1,47
1,2

1,05
- 13,1

1,42
11,4

1,4
1,4

1,03

F4 - - - 11,2

1,15
- - - 13,8

1,08

F5 1,27
0,12
,14

0,48
12,1

0,78
13,

0,7
- 8,15

0,52
- ,47

2,3

8c:e ce cpcic
FrcIc ce cp|icccc
cc ccrgc
CF :cL ccmpre::cc
CcpecmenIc ce
enxcfre
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: ccmpre::cc e mccu|c ce cefcrmccc
100
Iobe|o V.. Modu|o de de|ormoo oos 28 d|os [MFo}
Fobr|conte Furo 100% S8k_EF Fobr|conte Furo 100% S8k_EF
F1 1370

1
1280

15
F5 1430
251
7511

408

V.1.. keteno de guo
C en:cic ce reIencc ce cguc ccn:i:Ie em preencher umc fcrmc ci||ncricc
{Figurc V.13) ccm rejunIe fre:cc, rc:cr :uc :uperf|cie e cc|ccc-|c em ccnIcIc ccm
um pcpe| fi|Irc pccrcc, cncIcncc c cicmeIrc cc mcnchc ce cguc cpc: ucIrc,
:eIe e 10 minuIc: {Figurc V.14).
/pc: c execucc ce c|gun: CF':, pcce-:e perceLer c nece::iccce cc cc-
|ccccc ce umc :uperf|cie mccic enIre c pcpe| fi|Irc e c Lc:e, ccmc mc:Irccc nc
Figurc V.15. Sem e::e crIif|cic, c rejunIe ncc cpre:enIc ccnIcIc cceuccc ccm c
pcpe| fi|Irc e c en:cic ncc pcce :er cceucccmenIe ce:envc|vicc. /::im, fci ccc-
Iccc c prccecimenIc ce ccmprimir c CF ccnIrc e::c :uperf|cie ce mccc ue c
en:cic puce::e :er execuIccc ce mcneirc eficcz. Nc cc:c ce rejunIe: Liccmpc-
nenIe:, ncc hcuve migrccc ce cguc pcrc c pcpe| fi|Irc em nenhum cc:c cnc|i-
:ccc, me:mc ccm ccnIcIc cceuccc cc rejunIe.

F|guro V.13. Frmo do enso|o de reteno F|guro V.14. Enso|o de reteno de guo

Um pcnIc impcrIcnIe c :er ce:Iccccc c grcnce vcricLi|iccce ce re:u|Ic-
cc: ccnfcrme c Iipc ce pcpe| fi|Irc uIi|izccc, :encc e|e: ce cL:crcc Lcixc, mcic
e c|Ic {Figurc V.1).
EmLcrc e::e en:cic reve|e c pcIencic| ce um cccc rejunIe em reIer :uc
cguc ce cmc::cmenIc e prcpcrcicncr cceuccc hicrcIccc cc cimenIc, cif|ci|
cfirmcr cI ue pcnIc c mcnchc ce cguc :cLre c pcpe| fi|Irc pcce inciccr ce
mcneirc pc:iIivc cu negcIivc c|gumc c|Ierccc ce ce:empenhc e c ucnIc e::e
CcrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe:: reIencc ce cguc
101
fcIcr impcrIcnIe frenIe cc: cemci: envc|vicc:. /::im, emLcrc c: rejunIe: Liccm-
pcnenIe: cpre:enIcrcm mcicr ccpcciccce ce reIencc ce cguc, fcIc ue pcce
reve|cr-:e inIere::cnIe nc: cc:c: ce cp|icccc em fcchccc:, :uc cp|icccc em
um pcine| {iIem V.2) cpre:enIcu :ric: prcL|emc: ce fi::urccc, ccmc mc:Irccc nc
Figurc V.17 e nc Figurc V.18.

F|guro V.15. Enso|o de reteno odoptodo F|guro V.1. Enso|o com pop|s d||erentes

F|guro V.17. F|ssuro em rejunte b|componente F|guro V.18. F|ssuro em rejunte b|componente

V.2. ENSAIOS DE FLEXO DE FAINIS
C: en:cic: ce f|excc ce pcini:
34
Iivercm pcr cLjeIivc cvc|icr c inf|uncic
cc rejunIe nc e:IcLi|iccce cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc cp|icccc :cLre umc |cje

34
Iccc: c: eIcpc: cc: en:cic: ce f|excc ce pcini: fcrcm execuIccc: pe|c cuIcr ce:Ie IrcLc|hc ccm c
cLjeIivc ce ccuirir :en:iLi|iccce :cLre c: vcricvei: envc|vicc: nc prcce::c.
Mcic cL:crcc
8cixc cL:crcc
/|Ic cL:crcc
Superf|cie mccic
En:cic: ce f|excc ce pcini:
102
:uLmeIicc c f|excc. Fcrc i::c, fcrcm mc|cccc: p|ccc: ce ccncreIc nc: cimen-
:ce:
35
ce 150x5x4,5cm e 120x35x4,5cm.
/ ccrgc fci cp|icccc nc: CF: pcr meic cc u:c ce umc pren:c Shimcczu
ccm ccpcciccce pcrc 200If exi:IenIe nc |cLcrcIcric cc CFDCC-EFUSF {CenIrc
ce Fe:ui:c e De:envc|vimenIc em Ccn:Irucc Civi| cc E:cc|c Fc|iIcnicc cc USF),
u:cncc funcc ce e:cc|c ce 4If. /: cuc: vigc: ue :ervircm ce :upcrIe e c vigc
cenIrc| pcrc cp|icccc cc ccrgc fcrcm repre:enIccc: pcr perfi: ce cc :uficien-
IemenIe r|gicc: e ce cefcrmccc ce:prez|ve| frenIe c f|echc cc: |cje:.
C: CF: fcrcm en:ciccc: ccnfcrme mc:Irc c Figurc V.1, impcncc cc reve:-
IimenIc e:fcrc: ce ccmpre::cc ceccrrenIe: cc encurIcmenIc cc Lcnzc :upericr.
Fcrc permiIir c |ivre f|excc cc: CF:, fcrcm uIi|izccc: rc|eIe: em c|gun: pcnIc: e:pe-
c|ficc:, ccmc mc:Irccc nc Figurc V.1.

F|guro V.1. Esboo do corpo de provo enso|odo numo prenso h|dru||co

35
/ cefinicc cc Icmcnhc cc: ccrpc:-ce-prcvc fci Lc|izccc pcr cci: c:pecIc::
1. |crgurc: pc::iLi|iIcr pe|c menc: Ir: ficcc: ce p|ccc:, ce mccc ue c ficcc cenIrc| ficc::e ccnfinccc
pcr cuIrc: cuc::
Vigc :upcrIe
Ccrpc ce prcvc
:em reve:IimenIc
Fc|eIe ce cpcic
/p|icccc cc ccrgc
Fc|eIe :cLre c cLc
103
C Ircc cc ccncreIc uIi|izccc fci 1:2:3 {cimenIc:creic:pecri:cc) ccm fcIcr
c/c cprcximccc ce 0,
3
{ccmpccIccc em me:c viLrcIcric) e c crmccc re:umiu-
:e c Lcrrc: ce cc C/50 ccm cicmeIrc 5mm. Fcr mcIivc: ccn:IruIivc:, fcrcm pc:i-
cicnccc: cuc: Lcrrc: nc cirecc Ircn:ver:c| cc CF, prcpcrcicncncc cmcrrccc
pcrc c: Lcrrc: |cngiIucinci: ue repcu:cm :cLre c funcc cc fcrmc {Figurc V.20).
Fcrc refcrc cc cLc cnce c ccrgc fci cp|icccc, fcrcm pc:icicnccc: Lcrrc:
Ircn:ver:ci: cc CF, IcmLm ce 5mm {Figurc V.21), ce fcrmc c re:i:Iir cc mcmenIc
f|eIcr ccc:icnccc pe|c ccmpre::cc cc: cLc: cc: p|ccc:.
/pc: um per|ccc ce curc m|nimc ce 28 cic:, c: |cje: ce mcicr cimen:cc fc-
rcm reve:Iicc: ccm p|ccc: ce pcrce|cncIc 20x20cm e c: mencre: ccm p|ccc:
:emi-gr: 10x10cm {Figurc V.22). Um Ierceirc en:cic previ:Ic inicic|menIe, ccm pc:-
Ii|hc: ce pcrce|cnc 5x5cm, ncc fci execuIccc pcr ccu:c cc: mcIivc: expc:Ic: nc
:encic.

F|guro V.20. Deto|hes do estruturo do corpo-de-provo

C: primeirc: CF: c :erem en:ciccc: fcrcm cue|e: reve:Iicc: ccm p|ccc:
ce pcrce|cncIc e cccc LcIeric ce en:cic: fci ccmpc:Ic pcr :eIe cmc:Irc:. /pc:
:uc rec|izccc, perceLeu-:e c Lcixc ce:vic pccrcc cc: re:u|Iccc: e ceciciu-:e pcr
ciminuir c ucnIiccce ce CF: reve:Iicc: ccm p|ccc: 10x10cm, c ue re:u|Icu num
ccnjunIc ce cincc cmc:Irc:.

2. ccmprimenIc: pcrc c Icmcnhc cc: cLc: cefinicc, c fcrc mcximc pcr e|c: :upcrIccc ceveric prcvc-
ccr umc f|echc ce 30mm.
3
Ncc fci feiIc nenhum e:Iucc ce Ircc pcrc c ccncreIc e c fcIcr c/c fci cccIccc cpc: ccnfirmccc ce
umc Lcc ccn:i:Incic pcrc mc|ccgem.
10 5 c/
5 ccn:IruIivc
/Lc pcrc cp|icccc cc ccrgc
F|ccc: cercmicc:
104

F|guro V.21. Deto|homento do obo F|guro V.22. Esboo dos |ojes revest|dos

/: vcricvei: em jcgc fcrcm c Iipc ce crgcmc::c cce:ivc, c |crgurc cc junIc
e c Icmcnhc cc p|ccc, c ue re:u|Icu nc: CF: ce:criIc: nc IcLe|c V.10.
Iobe|o V.10. Espec|||coo dos |ojes enso|odos ||exo
F|oco Argomosso odes|vo kejunte Junto Nmero de CF's
F5 1 mm 7
F5 5 mm 7
F5 8 mm 7
Fcrce|cncIc
20,0 x 20,0cm
8cFC
37

F5 vczic
38
7
F5 1 mm 5
FcLE
3

F5 5 mm 5
F5 1 mm 5
Semi-gr:
10,0 x10,0cm
8cFC
F5 5 mm 5

C c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: fci execuIccc c pcrIir cc cenIrc cc |cje, ce
mccc c :empre ceixcr fi|eirc: ce p|ccc: gecmeIriccmenIe pc:icicnccc: :cLre c:
eixc: Ircn:ver:c| e |cngiIucinc| cc: CF:.
/ crgcmc::c fci prepcrccc ccm cux||ic ce um mi:Iurcccr meccnicc e
IcmLm mcnuc|menIe pcrc mencre: ucnIiccce:, :eu Iempc em cLerIc ncc fci
cIingicc em uc|uer cc:c e c: cci: Iipc: ce p|ccc fcrcm c::enIccc: ccm c u:c
cc Icnicc ce cup|c cc|cgem
40
: ccemci:, c preenchimenIc ce 1007 cc Icrccz fci

37
Fe:i:Incic ce ccerncic mcic: 1,18MFc: cefcrmccc Ircn:ver:c|: 2,08mm.
38
/: p|ccc: fcrcm c::enIccc: ccm junIc ce 5mm e fcrcm en:ciccc: :em cp|icccc ce rejunIe.
3
Fe:i:Incic ce ccerncic mcic: 0,MFc: cefcrmccc Ircn:ver:c|: 1,38mm.
40
Icnicc em ue c crgcmc::c cp|icccc :cLre c :uL:IrcIc e :cLre c Icrccz cc p|ccc.
Fcrce|cncIc
20x20cm
Semi-gr:
10x10cm
Fc:Ii|hc: 5x5cm
{ncc execuIccc)
4 5
E:pccccr
ce ny|cn
105
gcrcnIicc pe|c in:pecc ccn:IcnIe e pe|c pc:icicncmenIc cc: p|ccc: |evemenIe
fcrc cc pc:icc criginc|.
C rejunIcmenIc, :empre ccm rejunIe mcncccmpcnenIe Iipc ll {u:c exIer-
nc), fci execuIccc Ir: cic: cpc: c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: e Iccc: c: CF: ce
cimen:ce: 120x35cm fcrcm en:ciccc: cc: 14 cic: ce iccce, ccnIccc: c pcrIir cc
ccIc cc reve:IimenIc. l::c re:u|Icu num Iempc ce curc cc ccncreIc ce pe|c me-
nc: 42 cic:.
Ccmc c: en:cic: cc: CF: ce cimen:ce: 150x5cm fcrcm mci: |enIc: cevi-
cc c cificu|ccce ce mcnu:eic ccu:ccc pe|c :eu e|evccc pe:c e IcmLm pe|c
|cg|:Iicc ce Ircn:pcrIe e crmczencmenIc, ucIrc CF: fcrcm en:ciccc: cc: 14 cic:
e Ir: cc: 15 cic:, c ue ccmp|eIcu c ccnjunIc ce :eIe CF: iguci:.
/ Figurc V.23 mc:Irc c en:cic ce um ccrpc ce prcvc ce cimen:ce:
150x5cm reve:Iicc ccm p|ccc: ce pcrce|cncIc 20x20cm. Fcrc ceIecIcr c mc-
menIc cc rupIurc, cci: meciccre: fcrcm pc:icicnccc: prcximc c umc cc: cLc:,
:encc um ce|e: :cLre c p|ccc cercmicc e cuIrc |igeircmenIe cc |ccc mc: :cLre c
Lc:e ce ccncreIc {Figurc V.24). Umc ciferenc Lru:cc enIre c: cci: icenIificcu c
mcmenIc excIc cc rupIurc cc crgcmc::c cce:ivc e c |eiIurc ce um Ierceirc me-
ciccr fcrneceu c vc|cr cc f|echc IcIc| cc CF.

F|guro V.23. CF com p|ocos 20x20cm F|guro V.24. Fos|c|onomento dos med|dores

lnfe|izmenIe, e::c Icnicc ce ceIeccc fci eficcz cpenc: pcrc p|ccc:
20x20cm e ncc pcrc c: p|ccc: mencre: ce 10x10cm e, pcrc IenIcr exp|iccr c pcr-
u ce::e fcIc, nece::cric cnc|i:cr c: c:pecIc: envc|vicc: nc rupIurc cc: CF:.
Mecicc cc f|echc IcIc|
Mecicc cc f|echc
ciferencic| enIre
p|ccc e Lc:e
10
/ Figurc V.25 exiLe um ccrIe Ircn:ver:c| ce um ccrpc-ce-prcvc ccnc|u|cc e
:cL f|excc {prcpc:iIcccmenIe excgerccc).
Ne::e in:IcnIe, c crgcmc::c cce:ivc :cfre grcnce Ien:cc nc: pcnIc: cen-
Irci: cc p|ccc cercmicc r|gicc, ue ncc cccmpcnhc c f|excc cc Lc:e. Ficc fcci|
perceLer ue, pcrc umc me:mc f|echc cc |cje, e::e efeiIc mencr pcrc p|ccc:
mencre:, ciminuincc :uc impcrIcncic frenIe c cuIrc: c:pecIc:.
Nc Figurc V.2, perceLe-:e ue c cefcrmccc cc rejunIe :uLmeIe-c c
ccmpre::cc e, ne::e cc:c, ucnIc mci: |crgc fcr c junIc, mencr :erc c Ien:cc ue
:cLre e|e cIuc, pci: c cefcrmccc e:pec|ficc :erc mencr pcrc c me:mc cefcr-
mccc cL:c|uIc, ccn:icercncc umc me:mc f|echc cc ccrpc-ce-prcvc.

F|guro V.25. Deto|he do de|ormoo do orgomosso odes|vo por ||exo do substroto

F|guro V.2. Deto|he do de|ormoo do rejunte por ||exo do substroto

lmcgincncc c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc CF cc |cngc cc f|excc, v-:e ue c:
p|ccc: cercmicc: cpenc: :cc ccpcze: ce cccmpcnhcr c cefcrmccc cc :uL:-
IrcIc :e c rejunIe enIre cccc umc ce|c: cefcrmcr-:e pcr ccmpre::cc. E::e efeiIc
ce ccnfincmenIc :erc IcnIc mci: ccenIuccc ucnIc mci: r|gicc fcr c rejunIe e
Grcnce :c|iciIccc cc
crgcmc::c cce:ivc nc
regicc cenIrc| cc p|ccc
F|ccc cercmicc
8c:e
JunIc |crgc
JunIc finc
107
mencr fcr c |crgurc cc junIc, cprcximcncc c ccmpcrIcmenIc ce vcric: p|ccc:
ccue|e ce umc nicc pec mcnc||Iicc, incuzincc c CF c umc mencr ccpccicc-
ce ce cefcrmccc pcr f|excc.
Nc in|cic cc f|excc, pcrc peuenc: f|echc:, c rcic ce curvcIurc cc Lc:e
e|evccc e c efeiIc cc Figurc V.25 Iem pcucc impcrIcncic. Ne::e pcnIc, c crgc-
mc::c cce:ivc preci:c mcnIer c p|ccc ccericc cc :uL:IrcIc ce Ic| fcrmc c gcrcn-
Iir umc Ien:cc :uficienIe pcrc cefcrmcr c rejunIe pcr ccmpre::cc. Se c rejunIe fcr
muiIc r|gicc e/cu c crgcmc::c Iiver Lcixc ccerncic, c: p|ccc: :e :c|Icm nc in|cic
cc en:cic.
Seguincc c me:mc rccicc|nic, pcrc f|echc: mcicre: c rcic ce curvcIurc ci-
minui e c efeiIc cc Figurc V.25 gcnhc impcrIcncic, exigincc ue c crgcmc::c c-
ce:ivc cefcrme-:e mci: nc pcrIe cenIrc| cc ue nc exIremc cc: p|ccc:. Se c cr-
gcmc::c cpre:enIcr c|Ic ccerncic mc: Lcixc ccpcciccce ce cL:crver cefcr-
mcce:, chegc um pcnIc em ue e|c :e rcmpe Lru:cc e frcgi|menIe. Se cpre:en-
Icr, c|m ce c|Ic ccerncic, c|Ic ccpcciccce ce cL:crver cefcrmcce:
41
, e|c
:cfrerc mcicre: cefcrmcce: :cL Lcixc: Ien:ce:, ciminuincc c pc::iLi|iccce ce
rupIurc Lru:cc e cificu|Icncc c mcmenIc ce ceIeccc.
Ccmc fci mencicnccc cnIericrmenIe, c vcriccc Lru:cc enIre c: cci: me-
ciccre: fci cLIicc cpenc: nc: en:cic: ccm pcrce|cncIc 20x20cm. l::c pcce Ier
cccrricc pcr ccu:c cc Icmcnhc cc p|ccc e pe|c fcIc ce c crgcmc::c uIi|izccc
prcpcrcicncr ccerncic Lc:IcnIe e|evccc. Ccnfcrme c cnccmenIc cc en:cic, c:
p|ccc: IrcLc|hcrcm ccmc um freic" c cefcrmccc cc ccnjunIc, c|ivicncc Lru:-
ccmenIe c: Ien:ce: :upcrIccc: nc mcmenIc ce rupIurc cc crgcmc::c cce:ivc, c
ue exp|icc c :cm ccc" e c c||vic ce ccrgc cccrricc:, c|m cc :en:|ve| ce:|ccc-
menIc ciferencic| enIre c p|ccc e c :uL:IrcIc.
Nc cc:c cc: p|ccc: mencre:, e|c: cccmpcnhcrcm mci: fcci|menIe c ce-
fcrmccc cc :uL:IrcIc cevicc cc :eu Icmcnhc infericr e cc mcicr nmerc ce jun-
Ic:, c ue cificu|Icu c ceIeccc cc mcmenIc cc rupIurc. E::e in:IcnIe :c pcce :er
ceIecIccc pcr meic cc inIrccucc cuicccc:c ce umc cunhc enIre c: p|ccc: e c
:uL:IrcIc, fcrcncc-c: |evemenIe pcrc cimc. EmLcrc ncc Ienhc :icc um Ie:Ie Icc
preci:c ucnIc c u:c ce re|cgic: ccmpcrcccre:, :uc eficccic ficcu ccmprcvccc
pe|c Lcixc ce:vic pccrcc cc: re:u|Iccc:.

41
lmcginc-:e prccuIc: cimenI|cic: LiccmpcnenIe: mci: cefcrmcvei: cc ue c: mcncccmpcnenIe:.
108
Scmcncc c efeiIc ce umc crgcmc::c ce c|Ic ce:empenhc e um Icmcnhc
ce p|ccc recuzicc {5x5cm), pcucc prcvcve| ue hcjc rupIurc Lru:cc pc::|ve| ce
icenIificccc pcr meic ce re|cgic: ccmpcrcccre:. /::im, :eric nece::cric cverigucr
c me|hcr fcrmc ce ceIecIcr c mcmenIc excIc cc rupIurc, preferencic|menIe ncc
mcnuc|, ce fcrmc e Icrncr c en:cic ccnficve|. Fcr e::e mcIivc ue c: CF: ccm
pc:Ii|hc: ce pcrce|cnc 5x5cm ncc fcrcm execuIccc:.
/ :eguir, c IcLe|c V.11 mc:Irc c: re:u|Iccc: cc: en:cic: e c IcLe|c V.12 ex-
pce ccmenIcric: c re:peiIc cc: cccc: enccnIrccc:.
Iobe|o V.11. kesu|todos dos enso|os de ||exo de po|n|s [||echos em cm}

Argomosso
Coso
F|ocos
Junto 1mm Junto 5mm Junto 8mm
Sem
rejunte*
8cFC
1
Fc|ce|cnctc 20x20cn
,4

3,0
15,0

1,0
15,3

0,
17,3

3,2

FcLE
2
F|ccc: :en|-g|: !0x!0cn
5,8

0,5
,5

0,
- -
8cFC
3
F|ccc: :en|-g|: !0x!0cn
5,7

0,
11,

0,5
- -
* F|ccc: c::enIccc: ccm e:pccmenIc ce 5mm, :em
preenchimenIc cc: junIc:.

Fe|c cnc|i:e cc: cccc: cc IcLe|c V.11, cpcrenIemenIe c: junIc: Im mcicr
inf|uncic nc: peuenc: |crgurc:, ccmc pcce :er vi:Ic nc: vc|cre: cc f|echc ce
rupIurc cc cc:c 1, inciccncc um ccmpcrIcmenIc :eme|hcnIe cc expc:Ic nc
Figurc V.27. Em :uc regicc hcchurccc, e|c ce|imiIc vc|cre: mcximc: e m|nimc: pc-
rc c |crgurc cc junIc: c primeirc repre:enIc c |imiIe prcIicc ce execucc e c :e-
guncc incicc um vc|cr ccimc cc uc| pcucc ccnIriLuicc exi:Ie pcrc c e:IcLi|i-
ccce cc reve:IimenIc. EvicenIemenIe, cevem :er ccn:icerccc: IcmLm c: cc-
rccIer|:Iicc: cc rejunIe em ue:Icc.
FerceLe-:e ue c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc ccrpc-ce-prcvc pcce Icrncr-:e
ccmp|exc e envc|ve vcric: c:pecIc:, IcnIc cc rejunIe ucnIc cc crgcmc::c cce-
:ivc e cc prcpric p|ccc cercmicc. / impcrIcncic ce cccc um ce|e: frenIe cc:
cemci: reuer um e:Iucc ce cccc umc cc: vcricvei: envc|vicc:, i:c|cncc-c: e
en:cicncc-c: incivicuc|menIe.
Feuenc vcriccc
cc f|echc
Grcnce vcriccc cc junIc
10
Iobe|o V.12. An||se dos enso|os de ||exo de po|n|s
Coso Comentr|os
1
lnf|uncic :en:|ve| cc |crgurc cc junIc ce c::enIcmenIc, principc|menIe nc fcixc
ce 1-5mm. Fcrc mcicre: |crgurc:, c rejunIe pc::c c Ier pcucc efeiIc nc e:IcLi|i-
ccce e c f|echc mcximc :e cprcximc ccue|c ue cccrre ccm junIc vczic.
2
Fcucc inf|uncic cc |crgurc cc junIc, pc::ive|menIe pe|c fcIc ce ue c crgcmc:-
:c uIi|izccc cpre:enIc Lcixc ccerncic e Lcixc ccpcciccce ce cL:crcc ce
cefcrmcce:. /::im ue c rejunIe pc::c c :er ccmprimicc, c crgcmc::c ncc
:upcrIc c: e:fcrc: e :cfre rupIurc pcr Irccc.
3
/ui, c crgcmc::c cpre:enIc c|Ic ccerncic e Lcc ccpcciccce ce cL:crcc ce
cefcrmcce:, c ue pc::iLi|iIc c :urgimenIc ce e:fcrc: ce ccmpre::cc :cLre c
rejunIe :em ue i::c prcvcue rupIurc cc crgcmc::c pcr Irccc. Fcrc c: junIc:
ce 5mm, c rejunIe :cfreu e:mcgcmenIc e |cgc cpc: c: p|ccc: :e :c|Icrcm.
2 X 3
/ ccmpcrccc ce::e: cci: cc:c: mc:Irc ue c: prcprieccce: ce umc crgcmc::c
ce mcicr ce:empenhc :cc me|hcr exp|crccc: ucncc c |crgurc cc: junIc: ce
c::enIcmenIc mcicr. Fcrc peuenc: |crgurc: ce junIc, c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc:
p|ccc: cprcximc-:e ccue|e ce um ccrpc mcnc||Iicc e c rupIurc cccrre em mc-
menIc :eme|hcnIe c rupIurc ce umc crgcmc::c ce ce:empenhc infericr.
1 X 2,3
E::c ccmpcrccc ncc ccnfirmc c :upc:icc feiIc pe|c cuIcr ce:Ie IrcLc|hc refe-
renIe c Figurc V.25. IecriccmenIe, p|ccc: mcicre: cevericm ccc:icncr rupIurc cc
CF ccm f|echc: mencre: pcrc umc me:mc crgcmc::c cce:ivc, fcIc ue ncc fci
verificccc. /::im, :cc nece::cric: mcicre: cccc: e mecice: pcrc exp|iccr e::e
ccmpcrIcmenIc ce mcneirc ccerenIe.
/|m ci::c, c ccmpcrccc cireIc cc: f|echc: pcce ncc :er ccerenIe pe|c fcIc ce
ue c: Ien:ce: envc|vicc: :cc ciferenIe: e c Iipc ce rupIurc pcce ncc :er gcver-
nccc pe|c: me:mc: efeiIc: nc: Icmcnhc: ci:IinIc: ce p|ccc.

F|guro V.27. In||unc|o do |orguro do junto no estob|||dode do revest|mento

/ ccnfeccc e c en:cic cc: 48 CF: pc::iLi|iIcu c :urgimenIc ce c|gumc:
ue:Ice:, jc ci:cuIicc: cnIericrmenIe. EnIreIcnIc, impcrIcnIe re::c|Icr IcmLm c:
c:pecIc: negcIivc: ue impu:ercm cificu|ccce: impcrIcnIe: cc IrcLc|hc |cLcrcIc-
ric|. C primeirc ce|e:, e mci: cr|Iicc pcr ccmprcmeIer c cnccmenIc cc: en:cic:, fci
c mc::c e|evccc cc: |cje: 150x5cm ue, ccm mci: ce 100kg, exigiricm euipc-
menIc: cceuccc: pcrc Ircn:pcrIe e pc:icicncmenIc cenIrc cc pren:c. Ccmc
110
ncc hcvic euipcmenIc cprcpriccc nc |cLcrcIcric, fci nece::cric c execucc ce
c|gumc: cccpIcce: ccm guincc:Ie: mcnuci:, c ue cnercu muiIc c Iempc ne-
ce::cric pcrc c en:cic ce cccc p|ccc. Fcrc um Iempc efeIivc ce en:cic ce 15min,
em mcic cuIrc: 100min fcrcm nece::cric: pcrc c pc:icicncmenIc cc CF nc pren-
:c e :uc pc:Iericr remccc, c ue ncc cccnIeceu ccm c: |cje: 120x35cm, ce pe:c
:en:ive|menIe infericr e ce fcci| mcnu:eic.
CuIrc cificu|ccce fci c icenIificccc cc mcmenIc excIc ce rupIurc cc CF,
ue cccrre em pc:ice: ci:IinIc: e ncc previ:|vei:. / :c|ucc cccIccc pcrc c: p|c-
cc: ce pcrce|cncIc 20x20cm fci c cc|ccccc ce cci: re|cgic: ccmpcrcccre: |ccc
c |ccc, um ccm c eixc :cLre c :uL:IrcIc e um ccm c eixc :cLre c p|ccc, ccmc
mc:Irc c Figurc V.24. EnIreIcnIc, c rupIurc cccrreu c|ecIcricmenIe, hcrc perIc ce
umc cc: cLc: hcrc perIc cc cuIrc, c ue incuziu c cc|ccccc ce cuIrc: cci: me-
ciccre: nc cLc cpc:Ic. Fcr um |ccc e::c cIiIuce ccnIriLuiu pcrc c ceIeccc cc
rupIurc e, pcr cuIrc, inIrccuziu c cificu|ccce cc ccnIrc|e vi:uc| ce cuIrc: cci: me-
ciccre:.
Fcr fim, cuIrc cificu|ccce grcve fci c ueLrc cc cLc ce cp|icccc cc ccr-
gc {Figurc V.28). DurcnIe c execucc cc prcIcIipc pcrc Ie:Ie cc: p|ccc:, umc
ccrgc ce 00kgf prcpcrcicncu umc f|echc ce pcucc mci: ce 2,5cm, :em preju|zc
pcrc c: cLc:. /pc: c c::enIcmenIc cc: p|ccc: ce pcrce|cncIc, c ccrgc :cfreu
um cumenIc em Icrnc ce 1107 pcrc umc me:mc f|echc, c ue ccc:icncu c rup-
Iurc cc: cLc: inicic|menIe previ:Ic: e jc execuIccc: em vcric: CF:. EnIcc, pcrc
ue ncc hcuve::e percc ce IrcLc|hc e mcIeric|, um perfi| ce cc fci cpcrcfu:ccc
pcr Lcixc cc p|ccc e :cL c: cLc:, eviIcncc :uc rupIurc. / :c|ucc mc:Ircu-:e efi-
ccz, mc: cumenIcu :cLremcneirc c IrcLc|hc ce execucc cc: en:cic:.

F|guro V.28. kupturo do obo de op||coo do corgo

Vl.

CON5lDFkAF5 FlNAl5

E:Ie ccp|Iu|c cpre:enIc c: ccmenIcric: finci: ccercc cc: IrcLc|hc: Iecricc e
|cLcrcIcric| e :ugere ncvc: en:cic: c :erem rec|izccc: pcrc ccr ccnIinuiccce cc
c::unIc ce:Ic ci::erIccc.

CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: FejunIe e reve:IimenIc cercmicc
. CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS
112
MAl5 AFkFNDF JM 58lO COM JMA FFkGJNIA IOLA
DO QJF JM IOLO COM JMA kF5FO5IA 58lA.
8ruce Lee

Umc vez ue cccc ccp|Iu|c ce:Ie IrcLc|hc cpre:enIc c::unIc: e:pec|ficc:,
c: ccn:icercce: finci: :cc cpre:enIccc: cc me:mc fcrmc, cu :ejc, incivicuc|izc-
cc: pcr ccp|Iu|c. /c finc|, enIreIcnIc, ccn:icercce: finci: ce ccrcIer gerc| :cc
exiLicc:.
VI.1. CAFIbLO 2: kEJbNIE E kEVESIIMENIO CEkMICO
C ccp|Iu|c 2 ce:Ie IrcLc|hc fci civicicc em cuc: pcrIe: principci:: c primeirc
cLcrcc c|gun: ccnceiIc: Lc:icc: :cLre c reve:IimenIc cercmicc e c :eguncc en-
Irc em ceIc|he: c re:peiIc cc rejunIe ccmc ccmpcnenIe cc reve:IimenIc.
E::e enfcue fci cccc prcpc:iIcccmenIe, pci: um me|hcr enIencimenIc ce
ceIc|he: funccmenIci: :cLre c: pcrIe: ue inIegrcm um ccnjunIc fcIcr ceci:ivc
pcrc ue :ejc fcrmccc umc vi:cc :i:Imicc cc Iccc. EnIcc, c cLcrccgem :e-
encic|

prcpicic cc |eiIcr c fcrmccc ce um m|nimc ce ccnhecimenIc ue incuz c
icic ce ue c: ccmpcnenIe: cc reve:IimenIc :e re|ccicncm ce mcneirc cincmi-
cc e ccn:IcnIe, ncc pccencc :er IrcIccc: ce fcrmc incivicuc| e e:IcIicc. / prcpric
ci:pcniLi|iccce ce civer:c: Iipc: ce p|ccc: ccm prcprieccce: ciferenciccc: Icrnc
|cgicc c exi:Incic ce crgcmc::c: cce:ivc: e:pec|ficc:, ue cIenccm cc: reui:i-
Ic: ce ce:empenhc ce cccc :iIuccc pcrIicu|cr.
CuIrc pcnIc impcrIcnIe mc: ue ncc fci fri:ccc ce mcneirc cireIc nc ccp|-
Iu|c c exi:Incic ce ncrmc: ue e:pecificcm ce mcneirc c|crc c: ccrccIer|:Iicc:
Icnicc: cc: ccmpcnenIe: cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc {p|ccc: cercmicc:), pci: :c
c::im pcce hcver umc unifcrmizccc ce ccnceiIc: ue cuxi|ic nc execucc ce
um prcjeIc :uficienIemenIe ceIc|hccc e emLc:ccc em c:pecIc: Icnicc: cceren-
Ie:. E::e fcIc um pcnIc nece::cric pcrc c Lcm ce:empenhc cc reve:IimenIc
cercmicc, emLcrc ncc :ejc :uficienIe. /::im, Icrnc-:e euivccccc c u:c ce ccm-
CcnceiIc ce
reve:IimenIc
cercmicc
CcmpcnenIe:
cc reve:IimenIc
cercmicc
CcrccIer|:Iicc:
cc:
ccmpcnenIe:
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: FejunIe e reve:IimenIc cercmicc
113
pcnenIe: incivicuci: ce c|Ic uc|iccce Icnicc :e :uc cp|icccc feiIc ce fcrmc
inccrreIc, cu :ejc, :e ncc hc ccerncic e ccmpcIiLi|iccce ce ccmpcrIcmenIc
enIre ccmpcnenIe: ue :e inIer-re|ccicncm.
Fcr exemp|c, umc crgcmc::c Iipc /Cl pcce :er ce cIimc uc|iccce, mc:
:e fcr uIi|izccc nc c::enIcmenIc ce p|ccc: ce pcrce|cncIc, prccuIc IcmLm ce
c|Ic uc|iccce, c re:u|Iccc finc| pcce :er ce:c:Irc:c pe|c fcIc ce ue e::c crgc-
mc::c ncc fci ce:envc|vicc pcrc c u:c ccm e::e: Iipc: ce p|ccc, emLcrc c: cci:
prccuIc: cIenccm cc: reui:iIc: ce ce:empenhc pcrc c: uci: fcrcm ce:envc|vi-
cc:. CcLe cc prcjeIi:Ic cc reve:IimenIc ccnhecer e enIencer c: prccuIc: ccm
ue IrcLc|hc e e:pecificc-|c: ce fcrmc ccrreIc.
Fcr fim, c e:Iucc cc: civer:c: Iipc: ce rejunIe, em pcrIicu|cr c: cimenI|cic:,
ceixc c|crc ue c ce:empenhc cc: prccuIc: LiccmpcnenIe: pcce :er Lem :upe-
ricr cc: mcncccmpcnenIe:, ce:ce ue c: cciIivc: uIi|izccc: :ejcm ccmpcI|vei:
ccm c cmLienIe em ue :ercc cp|icccc:. C u:c incceuccc em fcchccc: ce
cciIivc: ccm fcrmu|ccc ncc re:i:IenIe c: inIemprie: pcce mc:Ircr-:e funcicnc|
nc: primeirc: cnc: ce cLrc, mc: pcce |evcr c ceIericrccc cc |cngc cc Iempc e
reverIer-:e numc fcnIe ccn:IcnIe ce mcnife:Icce: pcIc|cgicc:.
VI.2. CAFIbLO 3: FbNES DO kEJbNIE
C rejunIe pcce :er enccrccc ccmc um ccmpcnenIe cc reve:IimenIc ce-
rcmicc ue Iem ccrccIer|:Iicc: Lc:iccmenIe e:IIicc: e funcicnci:. Depencencc
cc cc:c ce cp|icccc, c|gumc: ce :uc: funce: pccem :cLrepujcr em impcrIcn-
cic c: cemci:, pci: um cccc cmLienIe pcce reuerer mcicr ccnfcrIc e:IIicc, pcr
exemp|c, cc ue cIimizccc ce ccerncic cc: p|ccc: prcpcrcicnccc pe|c rejun-
Ie. Fcr cuIrc |ccc, em uc|uer :iIuccc c rejunIe Ierc c funcc ce fcci|iIcr c c:-
:enIcmenIc e ci:fcrcr c vcriccc ce LiIc|c cc: p|ccc: cercmicc:, me:mc pcrue
e::c umc ccrccIer|:Iicc inIr|n:ecc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc e cc :uc Icnicc
ce execucc. C ue pcce cccrrer ue e::c funcc, pcr :er Lc:IcnIe cLvic, pc:-
:e ce:cperceLicc numc cnc|i:e inicic|, emLcrc exi:Ic e :ejc impcrIcnIe.
DenIre Iccc: c: funce: cLcrcccc: nc ccp|Iu|c 3, umc ce|c: fci Lc:IcnIe
exp|crccc pcr ccu:c cc re|evcncic ue pcce Ier em reve:IimenIc: cercmicc: ce
cu:Ic expre::ivc ccmc c: ce fcchccc: c c||vic ce Ien:ce:. Cc:c c: junIc: ncc e-
xercm cceucccmenIe e::c funcc cnce e|c :e fcz nece::cric, c: ccn:en-
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: Funce: cc rejunIe
114
cic: pccem :er exIremcmenIe prejucicici:, IcnIc em Iermc: eccncmicc: ccmc
em Iermc: ce ri:cc ce mcrIe pcrc c: u:ucric:.
EnIreIcnIc, c ccnhecimenIc exi:IenIe c re:peiIc ce::c funcc re:ume-:e cc
ue:iIc uc|iIcIivc, cu :ejc, :cLicc ue e|c impcrIcnIe mc: ncc ucnIc e :cL
uci: ccncice:. / cLcrccgem Iecricc mc:Irccc nc ccp|Iu|c 3 e c: referncic:
LiL|icgrcficc: :cLre c c::unIc inciccm c nece::iccce ce e:Iucc: ceIc|hccc: :cLre
e::e Iemc, e:Iucc: e::e: ue envc|vcm ncc :cmenIe c pcrIe Iecricc, mc: princi-
pc|menIe c ccnfeccc ce ccrpc:-ce-prcvc em e:cc|c rec| ue pc::cm fcrnecer
pcrcmeIrc: ue :uL:iciem umc evenIuc| cprcximccc Iecricc-ccmpuIccicnc|
ue repre:enIe c ccmpcrIcmenIc pcIencic| cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc ccericc.
C cuIcr ce:Ie IexIc enIence ue i::c, cpe:cr ce impcrIcnIe, pcce :er umc
Icrefc Lc:IcnIe ccmp|exc e :em :c|ucc cefiniIivc pcr ccu:c cc: vcric: fcIcre:
envc|vicc: nc vicc Ii| cc reve:IimenIc, ccmc pcr exemp|c: uc|iccce cc: mcIeri-
ci: uIi|izccc:: ccmpcrIcmenIc cc e:IruIurc :upcrIe: ccc ce inIemprie:: hcmc-
geneiccce ce cp|icccc cc reve:IimenIc: fccigc cc: mcIerici: eIc. E::e: fcIcre:,
c::cciccc: cc: :eu: grcu: ce |iLerccce e cc :eu ccmpcrIcmenIc cincmicc, exi-
gem cprcximcce: Iecricc: ce fcrmu|c: e eucce:, c ue ci:Icncic c mcce|c
mcIemcIicc cc ccmpcrIcmenIc rec| e cificu|Ic umc cprcximccc ccerenIe cc
rec|iccce.
VI.3. CAFIbLO 4: ICNICA DE AFLICAO
/ cp|icccc cc rejunIe ncc :e re:ume cpenc: cc preenchimenIc cc: jun-
Ic:, mc: cnIe: ci::c nece::cric ue hcjc umc prepcrccc cc |ccc| pcrc ue c
ce:empenhc cc rejunIe :ejc mcximizccc em Iccc: c: c:pecIc:. Duc: fc|hc: impcr-
IcnIe: fcrcm enccnIrccc: pe|c cuIcr ce:Ie IexIc curcnIe c rec|izccc ce vi:iIc: c:
cLrc: pcrc cccmpcnhcmenIc cc execucc cc reve:IimenIc cercmicc: pre:enc
ce ccnIcmincnIe: nc: junIc: e exce::c ce cguc ce cmc::cmenIc nc prepcrc cc
rejunIe.
EnucnIc ue c: ccnIcmincnIe: cc: junIc: re:umem-:e Lc:iccmenIe cc
exce::c ce crgcmc::c cce:ivc ncc reIirccc em Iempc hcLi|, c exce::c ce cguc
ce cmc::cmenIc fci ju:Iificccc {pe|c MC) pe|c mcicr fcci|iccce ce cp|icccc cc
rejunIe. / primeirc fc|hc ce execucc pcce reve|cr-:e ccmc mcnchc: e:curc:
imer:c: nc rejunIe recm cp|icccc, ue pccem cgrcvcr-:e ccm c pc::cr cc Iem-
pc cc:c hcjc migrccc cc: ccmpc:Ic: cc crgcmc::c cce:ivc pcrc c ccrpc cc
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: Icnicc ce cp|icccc
115
rejunIe. Jc c :eguncc, exce::c ce cguc ce cmc::cmenIc, pcce prejuciccr c cce-
rncic e c curc cc rejunIe, ceixcncc-c mci: fricve| e pcrc:c e ccm mencr re:i:In-
cic meccnicc. E::e fcIc pcce ncc reve|cr-:e impcrIcnIe cu me:mc ncc Icrncr-:e
vi:|ve| curcnIe c Icrefc ce rejunIcmenIc, mc: pcce :ignificcr umc recuzicc ccpc-
ciccce ce re:i:Incic cc mcnchcmenIc e umc pc::|ve| ce:cgregccc cc rejunIe
pcucc Iempc cpc: :uc cp|icccc.
Cucncc :e IrcIc ce reve:IimenIc inIernc, c: cci: c:pecIc: ccmenIccc: c-
cimc pccem cI :ignificcr umc percc ce ce:empenhc cc rejunIe ue ncc :e Icr-
nc percepI|ve| pe|c prcpric fcIc ce :erem pcucc: c: exigncic: c ue e::e Iipc ce
reve:IimenIc e:Ic :ujeiIc. Um fcIc cr|Iicc cccrreu, enIreIcnIc, num reve:IimenIc ce
fcchccc ce um prcic ce 24 pcvimenIc: ccm p|ccc: cercmicc: 10x10cm. / Icre-
fc ce rejunIcmenIc fci execuIccc ccm c u:c ce ce:empencceirc ce meIc|, c
ucnIiccce ce cguc cc rejunIe exceceu em muiIc c |imiIe expc:Ic pe|c fcLriccn-
Ie e c mi:Iurc mcnuc| preccric ncc prcpcrcicncu c hcmcgeneizccc ccmp|eIc
cc crgcmc::c, ceixcncc-c ccm vcric: grumc: ce mcIeric| :ecc. l::c imp|iccu em
vcric: fc|hc: nc rejunIe cnIe: me:mc cc enIregc IcIc| cc cLrc, :ejc nc fcrmc ce
pcnIc: ccc: cu nc ccmp|eIc percc ce ccerncic c |cIerc| cc: p|ccc:. Vcric: pcn-
Ic: cc fcchccc cpre:enIcrcm infi|Irccc ce cguc e pc:Iericr fcrmccc ce mcn-
chc: pcr e:ccrrimenIc, :encc ue c in:pecc cc inIerfcce rejunIe/p|ccc reve|cu
grcnce prcpcrcc ce fi::urc: nc: junIc: ce Iccc c fcchccc.
Ccm re|ccc cc prepcrc cc rejunIe, Iccc: c: cp|iccccre: enIrevi:Iccc:
ncc |ercm c: in:Iruce: cc emLc|cgem cnIe: cc mi:Iurc e c ucnIiccce ce cguc
fci cefinicc pcr c:pecIc: :uLjeIivc:, cu :ejc, c cguc ccicicnccc cI c pcnIc em
ue c cp|iccccr Iem :enIimenIc pe::cc| ce ue :eu IrcLc|hc fcci|iIccc cc mc-
ximc. Iccc: e::e: fcIc: reve|cm c nece::iccce ce ccn:cienIizccc e IreincmenIc
cc MC, u:c ce ferrcmenIc: cceuccc: c cp|icccc e ccnIrc|e ce uc|iccce nc
Icrefc ce rejunIcmenIc.
Fcr fim, c ccp|Iu|c 4 IcmLm ce:Iccc c impcrIcncic cc ccrreIc cp|icccc
cc rejunIe em |ccci: e:pec|ficc:, ccmc nc: enccnIrc: ce p|cnc: e mcIerici: ci:Iin-
Ic:, nc inIerfcce ccm junIc: ce ci|cIccc em fcchccc: e nc rejunIcmenIc ce pi:-
cinc:. Iccc: c: |ccci: mencicnccc: :cc cue|e: em ue c rejunIe cpre:enIc grcn-
ce: :c|iciIcce:, c ue re:u|Ic nc fcIc ce ue c|gumc: ce :uc: funce: :ercc exi-
gicc: cc exIremc. Ne::e: cc:c:, c ccrreIc e:pecificccc cc rejunIe preci:c e:Icr
emLc:ccc nc ccnhecimenIc cc: prcprieccce: cc mcIeric| e nc ccmpcrIcmenIc
pcIencic| cc regicc cc reve:IimenIc em ue c rejunIe cp|icccc, ce mccc ue
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: Icnicc ce cp|icccc
11
:ejc pc::|ve| cpIcr IecniccmenIe pe|c :uc :uL:IiIuicc pcr um :e|cnIe e|c:Icmricc
cu cuIrc ccmpc:Ic ccm prcprieccce: cceuccc: em cc:c ce nece::iccce.
VI.4. CAFIbLO 5: FkOGkAMA EXFEkIMENIAL
Dc me:mc fcrmc ue c ccp|Iu|c 2, c ccp|Iu|c 5 fci civicicc em cuc: pcrIe:
principci:: ccrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe: e en:cic: ce pcini: em e:cc|c rec|. MuiIc
mci: cc ue c re:pc:Ic numricc cc: en:cic: ce ccrccIerizccc cc: rejunIe: :e-
guncc civer:c: ncrmc: e prccecimenIc: ciferenIe:, c pcrIe |cLcrcIcric| ce:Ic ci:-
:erIccc exigiu cc cuIcr c e:Iucc ce muiIc: ceIc|he: envc|vicc: em cccc Iipc ce
en:cic, c ue permiIiu c inccrpcrccc ce ccnhecimenIc: e:pec|ficc: e c ce:en-
vc|vimenIc ce umc vi:cc cr|Iicc ccercc cc uIi|iccce ce cccc en:cic e cc :uc cifi-
cu|ccce ce execucc. /cemci:, exigiu c ce:envc|vimenIc ce umc ccceic ce
cmizcce: ue eng|cLcu ce:ce cc|egc: ce cur:c, pe::cc| Icnicc ce |cLcrcIcric e
fcLriccnIe: ce rejunIe:, crgcmc::c:, cciIivc: e ferrcmenIc: re|ccicnccc: ccm c:
Icnicc: ce execucc. E::e Iipc ce ce:envc|vimenIc pe::cc|, emLcrc ncc :ejc Ii|
cireIcmenIe nc execucc ce en:cic:, reve|c-:e ccmc um fcIcr e::encic| pcrc c
:uce::c ce um pe:ui:cccr e pcrc c ce:envc|vimenIc ce umc meIccc|cgic cienI|-
ficc cceuccc c umc cccc :iIuccc.
Iccc: c: :eIe en:cic: rec|izccc: {reIrccc |inecr, cefcrmccc Ircn:ver:c|,
mcnchcmenIc, re:i:Incic ce ccerncic, re:i:Incic c ccmpre::cc, mccu|c ce
cefcrmccc e reIencc ce cguc) cpre:enIcm ccmenIcric: e:pec|ficc: nc prcpric
ccpiIu|c 5, junIcmenIe ccm c: vc|cre: numricc: enccnIrccc:, mcIivc pcr ue ncc
:cc recc|ccccc: cui.
Dci: ce|e:, enIreIcnIc, merecem cuIrc: e:c|crecimenIc:: c re:i:Incic ce
ccerncic e c mccu|c ce cefcrmccc. C ccp|Iu|c 4 exiLe umc :rie ce ceIc|he:
ce rejunIcmenIc em |ccci: cr|Iicc: e cnce c rejunIe cimenI|cic mcncccmpcnenIe
pcce ncc :er umc Lcc :c|ucc. C: re:u|Iccc: ce re:i:Incic ce ccerncic :cLre
p|ccc e:mc|Iccc ccnIemp|cm c ccmpcrIcmenIc pcIencic| cc rejunIe cimenI|cic
cp|icccc nc enccnIrc ce cpcre|hc: :cniIcric:, ccmc c enccnIrc cc Icnue ce
|cvcr rcupc: ccm c reve:IimenIc cercmicc cc pcrece. / prcIicc ccmum ce rejun-
Icr e::e |ccc| ccm c me:mc rejunIe uIi|izccc nc reve:IimenIc cc pcrece reve|c-:e
ccmc umc ccn:IcnIe fcnIe ce prcL|emc:, umc vez ue c rejunIe ncc cpre:enIc
ce:empenhc cceuccc ncc pcr umc ceficincic inIr|n:ecc cc rejunIe, mc: pcr
ccu:c ce um errc ce e:pecificccc.
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: Frcgrcmc experimenIc|
117
Fcr :uc vez, c mccu|c ce cefcrmccc cc rejunIe e:Ic inIimcmenIe re|ccic-
nccc ccm :uc ccpcciccce ce prcpcrcicncr c||vic ce Ien:ce: cc reve:IimenIc
cercmicc ccmprimicc. C: cci: rejunIe: en:ciccc: cpre:enIcrcm umc recucc
:uL:Icncic| ce :uc rigicez ccm Iecr p/c=207, c ue pcce :ignificcr umc recucc
impcrIcnIe cc: e:fcrc: prejucicici: ue cIucm :cLre c reve:IimenIc. Fcr cuIrc
|ccc, c inccrpcrccc ce::e Iecr ce cciIivc cumenIc muiIc c cu:Ic cc rejunIe e
cificu|Ic :uc cp|icccc, reve|cncc c nece::iccce ce mcicre: e:Iucc: ue mc:Irem
:e e::c cIiIuce rec|menIe ccmpen:cccrc pcrc c reve:IimenIc cercmicc. Se c:-
:im fcr, pccem :er e:Iucccc: mcneirc: mci: eccncmicc: ce recuzir c mccu|c ce
cefcrmccc cc rejunIe. / exp|crccc Iecricc mc:Irccc nc ccp|Iu|c 3 ceixc c|crc
c nece::iccce ce mcicre: e:Iucc: c re:peiIc ce::e c::unIc, :encc ue e|e: nece:-
:cricmenIe preci:cm :er cccmpcnhccc: ce en:cic: |cLcrcIcrici: em e:cc|c rec|
ue permiIcm i:c|cr e cvc|icr c inf|uncic ce cccc vcricve| nc ue:iIc ce c||vic ce
Ien:ce:.
VI.5. CONSIDEkAES GEkAIS E SbGESIO FAkA NOVOS IkA8ALHOS
Ccmc ccmenIcric: gerci: c re:peiIc cc: IrcLc|hc: ce |cLcrcIcric, um pcnIc
funccmenIc| c :er re::c|Iccc c impcrIcncic cc rec|izccc ce prcIcIipc: iguci:
cc: CF: ue efeIivcmenIe :ercc en:ciccc:. Ne:Ie IrcLc|hc, c cuIcr cecuziu c
ccmpcrIcmenIc cc CF reve:Iicc c pcrIir cc ccmpcrIcmenIc exiLicc pcr umc |cje
:uLmeIicc c f|excc :em c reve:IimenIc cercmicc. Ccmc jc fci ccmenIccc nc cc-
p|Iu|c 5, c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc CF cpc: c cp|icccc cc reve:IimenIc muccu :en:i-
ve|menIe e uc:e ccmprcmeIeu c rec|izccc cc: en:cic: pcr ccu:c cc rupIurc
cc: cLc: cc: |cje: cnIe: cc finc| cc experimenIc. EmLcrc i::c ncc Ienhc ccc:ic-
nccc percc ce mcIeric| cu cc: prcpric: CF:, c execucc cc: IrcLc|hc: ficcu em
muiIc cificu|Iccc e c Iempc ce:pencicc em |cLcrcIcric :cfreu um cumenIc ccn:i-
cercve|.
EnIreIcnIc, emLcrc c: en:cic: ce f|excc ce pcini: Ienhcm cpre:enIccc
c|gun: prcL|emc:, c cuIcr ce:Ie IexIc :ugere ue ncvc: CF: :ejcm execuIccc:
cpenc: ccm c: p|ccc: 20x20, ue fcrcm c: ue re:u|Icrcm em re:pc:Ic: ce mcicr
:en:iLi|iccce e preci:cc. Me:mc c::im, c|gumc: :uge:Ice: pccem :er feiIc: pcrc
ue c: inccnvenienIe: icenIificccc: :ejcm minimizccc::
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: Suge:Icc pcrc ncvc: en:cic:
118
prcjeIcr refcrc cc: cLc: pcrc eviIcr :uc ueLrc pcr Irccc nc pcrIe :upe-
ricr. En:cicr pe|c menc: um CF ccmp|eIc cnIe: cc execucc cc: cemci: e
cverigucr :eu ccmpcrIcmenIc:
icenIificcr cuIrc Icnicc pcrc ceIeccc cc rupIurc cu, cc:c c me:mc :ejc
mcnIicc, uIi|izcr ucIrc ccmpcrcccre: {cci: em cccc cLc) ccnecIccc: c
um euipcmenIc ce cc|eIc ce cccc: cuIcmcIicc, preferencic|menIe ccm
c ccnfeccc ce um grcficc cc f|echc em Iempc rec|:
cefinir excIcmenIe c |cg|:Iicc ce Ircn:pcrIe, ce crmczencmenIc cc: CF: e
c: euipcmenIc: ue :ercc uIi|izccc: pcrc pc:icicncr c CF nc inIericr cc
pren:c. /verigucr :e, me:mc ccm |cg|:Iicc cceuccc, pc::|ve| c execu-
cc cc: en:cic: pcr cpenc: umc pe::cc, umc vez ue c CF cpre:enIc mc:-
:c Lc:IcnIe e|evccc.
Cc:c :e cpIe pcr execuIcr CF: :eme|hcnIe: cc expc:Ic ne:Ie IexIc, c
IcLe|c Vl.1 cpre:enIc umc :uge:Icc cc: en:cic: c :erem execuIccc:. /nIe: ci::c,
enIreIcnIc, ceve-:e ceIermincr c mccu|c cc rejunIe c :er uIi|izccc, cccIcncc cc-
mc mcncccmpcnenIe c ce mccu|c mci: e|evccc e ccmc LiccmpcnenIe c ce
mccu|c mci: Lcixc.
Iobe|o VI.1. Sugesto poro novos enso|os de ||exo de |ojes
F|ocos Argomosso odes|vo kejunte Junto N
o
de CF's
1 mm 5
McncccmpcnenIe
5 mm 5
1 mm 5
8iccmpcnenIe ce
c|Ic ce:empenhc
8iccmpcnenIe
5 mm 5
1 mm 5
McncccmpcnenIe
5 mm 5
1 mm 5
Fcrce|cncIc
20,0 x 20,0cm
McncccmpcnenIe
prcpric pcrc
pcrce|cncIc
8iccmpcnenIe
5 mm 5

CuIrc Iipc ce en:cic ue pcce :imu|cr c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc reve:IimenIc
cercmicc ce fcchccc e:Lcccc pe|c Figurc Vl.1. IrcIc-:e ce um pcine| ce c|-
vencric reve:Iicc ccm p|ccc: cercmicc: cc me:mc fcrmc ue umc pcrece ce
vecccc. Umc vez ue c pcine| Iem c|Iurc cprcximccc ce 3m, pcce-:e cp|iccr
:cLre e|e um encurIcmenIc :eme|hcnIe cc previ:Ic nc ccmpcrIcmenIc rec| ce
umc e:IruIurc reIicu|ccc ce ccncreIc, c ue pcce :er e:Iimccc ccm rczccve| c-
prcximccc. E:Icncc :cL ccmpre::cc, c pcine| ceve :er :uLmeIicc c :uce::ivc:
chcue: Irmicc:.
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS: Suge:Icc pcrc ncvc: en:cic:
11
E::e Iipc ce en:cic pcce Ier ccmc vcricvei: ce e:Iucc:
Icmcnhc e Iipc ce p|ccc:
Iipc ce crgcmc::c cce:ivc:
e:pe::urc cc junIc ce c::enIcmenIc e Iipc ce rejunIe {mccu|c E).
Fcr cuIrc |ccc, c|gun: cuicccc: cevem :er cvc|iccc: nc fc:e ce prcjeIc cc
ccrpc ce prcvc, uci: :ejcm:
f|cmLcgem cc ccrpc ce prcvc pcr ccmpre::cc:
|imiIe ce encurIcmenIc ue ncc ccu:e rupIurc cc c|vencric:
fcrmc e ve|cciccce ce cp|icccc cc ccrgc:
nmerc ce cic|c: ce chcue: Irmicc: e pericciciccce:
|imiIe: ce IempercIurc cc: chcue: Irmicc::
|cg|:Iicc ce Ircn:pcrIe e crmczencmenIc cc: CF:.

F|guro VI.1. Froposto de enso|o de compresso de po|n|s vert|co|s

Ferfi| pcrc cp|icccc
cc ccrgc ci:IriLu|cc
IircnIe: pcrc cp|icc-
cc cc ccrgc
Fcine| ce c|vencric
reve:Iicc ccm p|ccc:
cercmicc:

Vll.

ANFXO A:
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E:Ie cnexc Iem pcr cLjeIivc fczer umc revi:cc LiL|icgrcficc :cLre c prcL|e-
mc ce ef|cre:cncic, icenIificcncc :uc: ccu:c:, meccni:mc: ce fcrmccc e pc::|-
vei: :c|uce:. Sem Ier umc re|ccc cireIc ccm c cLjeIivc ce:Ic ci::erIccc, cLcr-
cc umc mcnife:Iccc ue pcce cccrrer :cLre c: rejunIe:, emLcrc c enfcue ncc
:e mcnIenhc cpenc: ne::e cc:c.
lnIrccucc
C FENCMENC D/ EFLCFESCENCl/
121
A.I. Introduo
Dc |cIim e|||c|e:cent|c, e::e fencmenc :e ccrccIerizc pe|c cpcrecimenIc
ce fcrmcce: :c|inc: :cLre c|gumc: :uperf|cie:, pccencc Ier ccrcIer pu|veru|enIc
cu Ier c fcrmc ce crc:Ic: curc: e in:c|vei: em cguc. Nc grcnce mcicric cc: cc-
:c:, c fencmenc vi:|ve| e ce c:pecIc ce:cgrcccve|, mc: em c|gun: cc:c: e:pec|-
ficc: pcce cccrrer nc inIericr cc: ccrpc:, imecicIcmenIe cLcixc cc :uperf|cie.
UemcIc {188) cfirmc ue c ef|cre:cncic pcce :er ccn:icerccc um ccnc, :ejc
pcr mccificcr vi:uc|menIe c |ccc| cnce :e cepc:iIc cu pcr pccer prcvcccr cegrc-
ccce: prcfuncc:.
C fencmenc cc ef|cre:cncic, Lc:IcnIe ccnhecicc e pe:ui:ccc, re:u|Ic
cc ci::c|ucc cc: :ci: pre:enIe: nc crgcmc::c {cu nc: ccmpcnenIe: cercmicc:,
cu prcvenienIe: ce ccnIcmincce: exIernc: eIc.) e :eu pc:Iericr Ircn:pcrIe pe|c
cguc cIrcv: cc: mci: vcriccc: mcIerici: pcrc:c:. Se, curcnIe e::e Ircn:pcrIe, c
ccncenIrccc cc: :ci: nc :c|ucc cumenIcr {pcr percc ce cguc cu pcr cumenIc
cc ucnIiccce ce :ci:), e|e: pccercc enIrcr em prcce::c ce cri:Ic|izccc e ccr
crigem cc fencmenc. Cccrrencc :uperficic|menIe, e::c cri:Ic|izccc cc crigem c
ef|cre:cncic mci: cmp|cmenIe enccnIrccc e vi:|ve|: :e cccrrer inIerncmenIe cc
mcIeric|, cc crigem c cripIc-ef|cre:cncic, muiIc: veze: ce cif|ci| icenIificccc.
Vc|e |emLrcr ue c: p|ccc: cercmicc: e c crgcmc::c pc::uem vczic: em
:eu inIericr, ccmc ccviccce:, Lc|hc:, pcrc: cLerIc: e fechccc: e umc encrme e
ccmp|exc rece ce micrc ccnci: {FlCFlIIC, 14). / cguc, enIcc, pcce pc::cr pe|c
:eu inIericr pcr fcrc cc ccpi|criccce cu me:mc pcr fcrc cc grccienIe hicrcu|icc.
EmLcrc :ejc c|crc ccmc c ef|cre:cncic cccrre, c: recce: u|micc: en-
vc|vicc: pccem :er Lc:IcnIe ccmp|exc: e nem Iccc: :cc ccnhecicc: cu exp|icc-
cc:. De uc|uer fcrmc, c re:u|Iccc finc| ce :uc ccc ncIcric e :eu cpcrecimen-
Ic ncc nece::cricmenIe incicc :eu |ccc| ce crigem, pci: c: :ci: pccem :er Ircn:-
pcrIccc: pe|c cguc c pcrIir ce |ccci: cfc:Iccc: cc pcnIc ce cccrrncic cc prc-
L|emc. /::im, nece::cric ccmpreencer c ccmpcrIcmenIc cc: :ci: ci::c|vicc:,
:uc pc::|ve| fcnIe e IcmLm c crigem cc cguc. / :imp|e: inIervencc |ccc|izccc e
:inIcmcIicc pcce :er IcIc|menIe ineficcz e cI ccnc:c.
Fcrc ue c ef|cre:cncic :e mcnife:Ie, c: :eguinIe: fcIcre: cpre:enIcm-:e
ccmc nece::cric: e :uficienIe::
lnIrccucc
122
cguc: cIuc ccmc um :c|venIe ue pc::iLi|iIc c ci::c|ucc cc: :ci: ue ccc
crigem cc fencmenc. FicriIIc {14) fri:c e::e fcIc cc cfirmcr ue ncc e-
xcgerc cizer ue :em cguc ncc hcverc ef|cre:cncic. E|c pcce Ier crigem
em vcric: pcnIc: e c 8||ck |n:t|tute c| Ane||cc {8l/, 17) re::c|Ic c: :eguin-
Ie::
. cguc ce chuvc, ue pcce :er cccmpcnhccc ce venIc cu ncc. / cguc ce
chuvc Iem grcnce chcnce ce peneIrcr cIrcv: cc: junIc:, em pcrIicu|cr :e
fcrem mc| execuIccc::
. cguc ce ccncen:ccc: re:u|Ic cc: Irccc: ce vcpcr ce cguc enIre c inIeri-
cr e c exIericr cIrcv: ce meic: pcrc:c:. Se c vcpcr ce cguc cIingir c pcnIc
ce crvc|hc {cew pc|nt) em c|gum |ccc| nc inIericr cc pcrece, pcce cccrrer
c ccncen:ccc inIer:Iicic|:
. cguc prcvenienIe cc eIcpc ce ccn:Irucc: c cguc ce cmc::cmenIc, c
u:c ce prcIece: ceficienIe: ccnIrc c chuvc cu uc|uer cuIrc fcIc ue
pc::iLi|iIe c ccncenIrccc ce umiccce pccem ccc:icncr prcL|emc: em
cLrc: recm enIregue: {em ing|: new cu||c|ng c|ccn). Fcrece: :cIurccc:
ce cguc pccem cemcnccr :emcnc: cu me:e: pcrc ue c :eccgem cccr-
rc: L|ccc: em ccnIcIc ccm c :c|c, c|m ce cL:crver umiccce, pccem :er
ccnIcminccc: pcr :ci: cu e|emenIc: e:Ircnhc::
:ci:, ue :e mcvimenIcm ci::c|vicc: nc cguc e efeIivcmenIe ccc crigem cc
fencmenc:
grccienIe hicrcu|icc, ue pc::iLi|iIc c mcvimenIccc cc cguc e c Ircn:pcr-
Ie cc: :ci: cc inIericr pcrc c :uperf|cie cc: ccrpc: cfeIccc:.
/|m cc: Ir: fcIcre: e::encici: expc:Ic: cnIericrmenIe, UemcIc {188) c-
firmc ue c|gumc: ccncice: exIernc: pccem fcvcrecer cincc mci: c cpcreci-
menIc cc ef|cre:cncic, ccmc pcr exemp|c:
ucnIc mcicr c ucnIiccce ce cguc e c Iempc ce ccnIcIc, mcicr c pc-
Iencic| ce :c|uLi|izccc c::cciccc:
c e|evccc cc IempercIurc, c|m ce fcvcrecer c :c|uLi|izccc cc: :ci:,
cumenIc c ve|cciccce ce evcpcrccc cc cguc e, em ccn:encic, ce
cri:Ic|izccc cc: :ci::
c pcrc:iccce cc: mcIerici: cIingicc:. Em c|gun: cc:c:, e|emenIc: muiIc pc-
rc:c: pccem :er cfeIccc: pcr ccu:c cc c|Ic ccncenIrccc ce :ci: em e|e-
menIc: vizinhc: menc: pcrc:c:.
lnIrccucc
123
Seguncc /cc|e:cn {172), c pre:enc ce :ci: em cmLienIe permcnenIe-
menIe micc pcce ncc ccu:cr ef|cre:cncic: e, cpcrenIemenIe, ncc reve|cr
uc|uer mcnife:Iccc. EnIreIcnIc, cpc: c|gum Iempc pccem cpcrecer, :uLiIc-
menIe, efeiIc: ce|eIric: re:u|IcnIe: ce recce: u|micc: ccmp|exc: enIre c: :ci: e
c: ccmpcnenIe: cc e:IruIurc/vecccc. /incc :eguncc e::e cuIcr, c ef|cre:cncic
pcce ce:cpcrecer pcr curIc: per|ccc:, c ue prcvccc c cpcrecimenIc inIermiIen-
Ie ce::e fencmenc em fcchccc:. /::im, em per|ccc: ce pcucc chuvc, c: :ci: c-
pcrecem ccmc mcrcc: e:Lrcnuiccc: ue :cc |cvccc: em pccc: ue ccmLi-
ncm efeiIc: ce venIc e chuvc. IcmLm, c fencmenc pcce cpcrecer nc primcve-
rc/vercc e ce:cpcrecer nc invernc. Ncrmc|menIe, e::e cic|c :e repeIe pcr c|gun:
cnc: cI :e exIinguir pcr ccmp|eIc, c ue incicc c e:gcIcmenIc cc: :ci: envc|vi-
cc: nc prcce::c.
/cc|e:cn {172) IcmLm e:c|crece ue c: :ci: cc ef|cre:cncic pccem
cri:Ic|izcr-:e cenIrc cc: pcrc: :uperficici: cc: mcIerici:, me:mc ccue|e: ccm c-
ccLcmenIc: v|Irec: {czu|ejc:), ccc:icncncc :uc rupIurc meccnicc pcr Irccc cu
pcr ccmpre::cc. /|gun: :ci: pccem uccrup|iccr :eu vc|ume nc prcce::c ce cri:-
Ic|izccc e c: pre::ce: pccem chegcr c 200MFc {lIC, 14), ccnfcrme c Iipc ce
:c|, :uc ccncenIrccc e c: ccncice: cmLienIe. /|m ci::c, :ci: gerc|menIe :cc
higrc:ccpicc: {ccmc c NcC| e c CcC|2) e c: crgcmc::c: ue c: ccnIm pccem
reIer mci: cguc e :er mci: pc::|vei: ce cpre:enIcr ef|cre:cncic: {lIC, 14).
A.II. So|s envo|v|dos no |enmeno do e||orescnc|o
/ ef|cre:cncic pcce Ier crigem em civer:c: pcnIc: ce um ecif|cic, c ue
imp|icc nc pc::|ve| ci::c|ucc cc: mci: vcriccc: :ci: pre:enIe: em e|emenIc: ce
ccmpc:icc u|micc ciferenIe. Ccmpi|cncc c: cccc: ce /cc|e:cn {172), cc 8||ck
|n:t|tute c| Ane||cc {8l/, 17), cc lIC {14), ce Ihcmcz {10) e ce UemcIc
{188), c IcLe|c /.1 cpre:enIc umc |i:Ic ce c|gun: cc: :ci: envc|vicc:, mc: ncc
Iem c preIen:cc ce e:gcIcr c c::unIc. / :c|uLi|iccce ce::e: :ci: cepence ce umc
:rie ce fcIcre:, mc: umc crienIccc gerc| c re:peiIc cc c::unIc cccc pcr Fe|Ire
{14) nc IcLe|c /.2.
Umc vez ue c: crgcmc::c: cpre:enIcm grcnce chcnce ce inccrpcrcr :ci:
:c|vei: em :uc ccmpc:icc, c IcLe|c /.3, cccpIccc cc lIC {14), expce c pre-
:enc ce :ci: pcIencic|menIe ccu:cccre: ce ef|cre:cncic: em funcc cc ccm-
pcnenIe uIi|izccc nc prccucc cc crgcmc::c. Vc|e enfcIizcr, IcmLm, ue c uIi|i-
Sci: envc|vicc: nc fencmenc cc ef|cre:cncic
124
zccc ce cguc incceuccc {impurc) pcce fcvcrecer c cpcrecimenIc ce prc-
L|emc: ce::e Iipc.

Iobe|o A.1. So|s envo|v|dos no |enmeno do e||orescnc|o
Compos|o Qum|co Fonte provve|
42
So|ub|||dode
43

Su|fcIc ce FcIc::ic - K2SC4
Su|fcIc ce Sccic
{:c| ce G|cuLer) - Nc2SC4
Su|fcIc ce Sccic cecc hicrcIccc
Nc2SC4 . 10H2C
. reccc enIre e|emenIc: cc cercmicc
e cc cimenIc:
. cgregccc::
. cguc ce cmc::cmenIc.
/ hicrcIccc cccrre cprcximc-
ccmenIe cc: 32,5
c
C e uccrup|icc c
vc|ume ccupccc pe|c :c|.
MuiIc :c|vei:
Exemp|c cc cpcrecimenIc cc: :u|fcIc: c|cc|inc:

CcrLcncIc ce FcIc::ic - K2CC3
CcrLcncIc ce Sccic - Nc2CC3
8iccrLcncIc ce Sccic - NcHCC3
. ccrLcncIccc cc: hicrcxicc: c|cc|inc:
ce cimenIc: ccm e|evccc Iecr ce c|cc-
|i:.
MuiIc :c|vei:
C|creIc ce FcIc::ic - KC| . |impezc ccm ccicc muricIicc. MuiIc :c|ve|
C|creIc ce Sccic - NcC| . ccnIcminccc ccm cguc cc mcr. MuiIc :c|ve|
NiIrcIc ce FcIc::ic - KNC3
NiIrcIc ce Sccic - NcNC3
NiIrcIc ce /mcnic - NH4NC3
. c pre:enc ce niIrcIc: gerc|menIe
incicc ccnIcminccc ccm e|emenIc:
ce :c|c ccuLccc, ricc em niIrcgnic.
MuiIc :c|vei:
CcrLcncIc ce Cc|cic - CcCC3
. ccrLcncIccc ce cc| |ixiviccc cc cr-
gcmc::c cu ccncreIc e ce crgcmc::c
ce cc| ncc ccrLcncIccc. Fcrmccc
:eme|hcnIe c: e:Ic|ccIiIe:.
CcrLcncIc ce Mcgn:ic
MgCC3 {mcgne:iIc)
. ccrLcncIccc ce cc| |ixiviccc ce cr-
gcmc::c: ce cc| ncc ccrLcncIccc.
Fcucc :c|vei:
Hicrcxicc ce Cc|cic - Cc{CH)2
44

. cc| |iLerccc nc: recce: ce hicrcIc-
cc cc cimenIc.
Sc|ve|
Su|fcIc ce Cc|cic ce:icrcIccc
CcSC4
. ccmpcnenIe: cercmicc::
Fcrcic|menIe
:c|ve|

42
Um enfcue mci: ceIc|hccc cc: crigen: ce muiIc: :ci: cccc pcr /cc|e:cn {172).
43
C u:c cc Iermc |n:c|uve| :e refere cc fcIc ce ue c|gumc: :uL:Icncic: :cc Icc pcucc :c|vei: em
cguc {c|gun: mg pcr |iIrc ce cguc) ue, em Iermc: prcIicc:, pcrecem :er in:c|vei:. De mcneirc gerc|, c:
ccmpc:Ic: ce meIci: c|cc|inc: :cc Lc:IcnIe :c|vei:.
44 Iccc mcIeric| cu ccmpcnenIe fcLricccc c Lc:e ce cimenIc FcrI|cnc Iem em :uc ccn:IiIuicc c cc|
hicrcIccc -Cc{CH)2- re:u|IcnIe cc: recce: ce hicrcIccc cc: ccmpc:Ic: principci: cc cimenIc {C2S e
C3S) {IHCM/Z,10).
CcSC4 + 2
NcCH
KCH
Nc2SC4 + Cc{CH)2
K2SC4 + Cc{CH)2
{

{
CcmpcnenIe cercmicc Hicrcxicc: c|cc|inc:
cc cimenIc
Su|fcIc: c|cc|inc: {ef|cre:cncic)
125
Iobe|o A.1. So|s envo|v|dos no |enmeno do e||orescnc|o [cont|nuoo}
Su|fcIc ce Cc|cic cihicrcIccc
CcSC4 . 2H2C
. hicrcIccc cc :u|fcIc ce cc|cic ce
ccmpcnenIe: cercmicc: {reccc ex-
pcn:ivc):
Fcrcic|menIe
:c|ve|
Su|fcIc ce Mcgn:ic
{:c| ce Ep:cm) - MgSC4
. Iijc|c, L|ccc:
Sc|ve|
C|creIc ce Cc|cic - CcC|2
45

. |impezc ccm ccicc muricIicc:
C|creIc ce Mcgn:ic - MgC|2 . cguc ce cmc::cmenIc.
NiIrcIc ce /mcnic - NH4NC3 . :c|c ccuLccc cu ccnIcminccc.
MuiIc :c|vei:
C|creIc ce /|um|nic - /|C|3
C|creIc ce Ferrc - FeC|3
. |impezc ccm ccicc muricIicc. Sc|ve|
Fe2C3 cu Fe{CH)3 . ccnIcIc ccm mcIerici: ferrc:c:.
Mcngcn:
4

{:u|fcIc: e c|creIc:)
. ci::c|ucc ce ccmpc:Ic: ce mcngc-
n: pcr ccicc: frccc:.
Vcnccic
{VCSC4 e VCC|2)
. mcIric primc cc: prccuIc: ce crgi|c:
. |impezc ccm ccicc.
ln:c|vei:
/ infi|Irccc ce c|crc pcce prcvcccr c ci::c|ucc ce Vcnccic, ccncc crigem c
ef|cre:cncic: verce: cu cmcre|ccc:. Fcr :uc vez, IenIcIivc: ce |impezc pccem fczer ccm
ue e|c: :cfrcm c|Iercce:, :e Icrnem mcrrcn: e ce |impezc cincc mci: cif|ci|.

Iobe|o A.2. So|ub|||dode em guo de o|guns compostos qum|cos [FELIkE, 14}
Funo qum|co So|ub|||dode Exceo regro
cicc: Em gerc|, :c|vei: Ncc hc.
Hicrcxicc: {Lc:e:) Em gerc|, in:c|vei: Hicrcxicc: c|cc|inc: e NH4{CH).
NiIrcIc:, C|crcIc:
/ceIcIc:
Sc|vei: Ncc hc.
C|creIc:, lcceIc:,
8rcmeIc:
Sc|vei: /g
+
: Hg
2+
: FL
2+

Su|fcIc: Sc|vei: Fc
++
: Cc
2+
: Sr
2+
: 8c
2+
: FL
2+

Su|feIc: ln:c|vei: Su|feIc: c|cc|inc: e ce cmcnic.
S
c
i
:

CuIrc: :ci: ln:c|vei: /|cc|inc: e ce cmcnic.
MeIc|icc: Em gerc|, in:c|vei:
Cxicc: c|cc|inc:, c|cc|inc-Ierrc:c: e ce
meIci: ccm Ncx e|evccc.
C
x
i
c
c
:

De ncc-meIci: Em gerc|, :c|vei: Ncc hc.

45
C CcC|2 pcce :er uIi|izccc ccm c funcc ce cce|ercccr ce pegc {8||ck |n:t|tute c| An||cc, 8l/, 17).
4
Seguncc c 8||ck |n:t|tute c| Ane||cc {8l/, 17), c cicxicc ce mcngcn: u:ccc ccmc cgenIe ce
cc|crccc em c|gun: L|ccc:. Se hcuver |impezc ccm ccicc muricIicc, pcr exemp|c, c: re:|cuc: pccem
peneIrcr nc: pec:, ci::c|ver c: ccmpc:Ic: ce mcngcn: e, ucncc |evccc: c :uperf|cie, :e precipiIcm
:cL c fcrmc ce Mn3C4 {ce ccr mcrrcm) curcnIe c evcpcrccc cc cguc.
12

Iobe|o A.3. So|s do e||orescnc|o com or|gem no orgomosso [odoptodo do IIC, 14}
Composto Comentr|os
Cc|
FcLricccc cc cc|: CcCC3 + cc|cr CcC + CC2
HicrcIccc em cLrc: CcC + H2C Cc{CH)2
CcrLcncIccc: Cc{CH)2 + CC2 CcCC3
/ ccrLcncIccc :c cccrre em pre:enc ce cguc. Lccci: muiIc
:ecc: impecem c prcce::c. Fcr cuIrc |ccc, |ccci: :cIurccc: impecem c
peneIrccc ce CC2 e cificu|Icm c cccrrncic cc reccc.
/mLienIe: ccm UF = 507-07 :cc iceci: pcrc c cccrrncic cc
ccrLcncIccc.
/ cc| pcce :er mcgne:icnc {cc|cm|Iicc), i:Ic , pc::ui Mg em :uc
fcrmu|c em vez ce Cc. Ne::e cc:c, pcce :cfrer expcn:cc |enIc em pre:en-
c ce cguc. Fcr :erem ce crigem minerc|, cmLc: pc::uem ccmpcnenIe:
crgi|c:c: ince:ejcvei:: SiC2, /|2C3 e Fe2C3.
/reic
Fccem ccnIer impurezc: ccmc crgi|c:, ccrvcc e |inhiIc, cguc cc mcr, mc-
Iric crgcnicc em ceccmpc:icc.
guc
Fcce ccnIer ccicc :u|f|cricc {H2S), cnicricc ccrLcnicc {CC2), cmcnic {NH4),
mcgn:ic {Mg
2+
), :u|fcIc: {SC4
2-
), c|crc {C|
2-
) e cuIrc: ccnIcmincnIe:.
C|mento

/c |ccc en-
ccnIrcm-:e
cpenc: c|gum
ccmpc:Ic:
ue pccem
ccu:cr ef|cre:-
cncic.
Mcicre: ceIc-
|he: :cLre c
u|micc cc
cimenIc pc-
cem :er en-
ccnIrccc: em
MehIc, McnIei-
rc {14)
CoO [co| v|rgem}
S|O2 [s||co}
Fcr :er um e|emenIc :c|icc uc:e inerIe, c :||icc cpenc: recge ccm
ccicc: e Lc:e: fcrIe: e cc crigem c e|emenIc: in:c|vei:, rcrcmenIe ccu-
:cccre: ce ef|cre:cncic:. C: cepc:iIc: ce :i|iccIc: ncc Im :uc u|micc
Lem cefinicc, mc: pccem :er ccn:encic ce |cvcgen: mc execuIccc:
ccm ccicc c|cr|cricc. Umc vez ue cccrrcm, um mIccc prcIicc ce |impe-
zc ci:fcrc-|c: e ceixc-|c: :cL ccc cc Iempc {8||ck |n:t|tute c| An||cc,
8l/, 17).
A|2O3 [o|um|no}
EmLcrc :ejc umc reccc rcrc, c: :u|fcIc: pccem recgir ccm c
c|umincIc IeIrc-cc|cicc pre:enIe nc cimenIc {reccc expcn:ivc), ccncc
crigem cc: :ci: ce Ccnc|cI e c cc| {ccmc :uLprccuIc) {IHCM/Z, 10).

/|2C3 4CcC + 3{CcSC4 . 2H2C) + 14H2C

/|2C3 . 3CcC . 3CcSC4 . 31H2C + Cc{CH)2

Fe2O3 [ox|do de |erro}
Fcce ccu:cr mcnchc: cmcre|c-cc:Icnhc: ucncc em cmLienIe:
c|cc|inc: {ccc cc mcre:ic).
MgO [ox|do de mogns|o} , SO3 [on|dr|do su||r|co}
No2O, K2O, I|O2
C: cxicc:, em ccnIcIc ccm c cguc, pccem fcrmcr Lc:e: cu cci-
cc:, inf|uincc nc prcce::c ce fcrmccc e ceIericrccc cc: ef|cre:cncic:.

/ IcLe|c /.1 e c IcLe|c /.3 exp|iciIcrcm c crigem cc: muiIc: :ci: pre:enIe:
nc fencmenc cc ef|cre:cncic. Dcncc um Ierceirc enfcue, Ihcmcz {10) iIemizc
127
c cpcrecimenIc cc: :ci: mci: freenIe: em mcIeric| cercmicc nc IcLe|c /.4 e
c|gumc: fcrmc: ce mcnife:Iccc e ccrrecc cc: ef|cre:cncic: nc IcLe|c /.5.
Iobe|o A.4. I|pos de so|s eventuo|mente presentes em moter|o| cerm|co [Ihomoz, 10}
Sobre o produto Sobre o produto
So|
seco que|modo
Sobre o
o|venor|o
So|
seco que|modo
Sobre o
o|venor|o
Nc2SC4 Nc2CC3
CcSC4 K2CC3
K2SC4 CcCC3
MgSC4 Fe2{SC4)3
NcC| FeSC4
KC| Nc/|{SC4)2
NcNC3 K/|{SC4)2
KNC3 - - - -
Legencc:
Cuc:e :empre Ccmum FcrcmenIe /u:enIe

/pc: c cpre:enIccc cc: vcric: :ci: envc|vicc: nc fencmenc cc ef|cre:-
cncic, inIere::cnIe cLcrccr c c:pecIc ce cccrrncic ce c|gun: ce|e:. /::im,
pe|c: infcrmcce: cpre:enIccc: pe|c /c:cn|y |n:t|tute c| Wc:n|ngtcn {MlW, 2003),
c: :ci: mci: ccmumenIe enccnIrccc: :cc Nc2SC4 e K2SC4, jc ue :cc prcvenienIe:
ce meIci: c|cc|inc: ue fcrmcm ccmpc:Ic: Lc:IcnIe :c|vei: em cguc. Depci:, c:
fcrmc: Nc2CC3, NcHCC3, K2CC3 e KHCC3 cpcrecem ccm mencr frencic.
Ccmpc:Ic: cc Iipc MgC|2, MgSC4, CcCC3, CcSC4 e Fe2{SC4)3 cpcrecem em Ier-
ceirc |ugcr e, pcr |Iimc, Ircc: ce :u|fcIc: ce Vcnccic e Mc|iLcnic fcrcm enccn-
Irccc: em cnc|i:e: u|micc: ce cmc:Irc:.
Seguncc c 8||ck |n:t|tute c| Ane||cc {8l/, 17), ucncc c: ccrLcncIc: c-
ccrrem e|e: gerc|menIe pc::uem umc cc|crccc mi:Ic ce cinzc e Lrcncc, cpcre-
cencc ccmc crc:Ic: |ccc|izccc:. Supce-:e ue :uc fcrmccc pcce cccrrer ucn-
cc um feixe ccn:IcnIe ce cguc cIrcve::c, pcr |cngc: per|ccc: ce Iempc {cevicc
c Lcixc :c|uLi|iccce cc: ccrLcncIc:), fencc: cu furc: exi:IenIe: nc e:IruIurc mcIriz,
ce fcrmc :eme|hcnIe c fcrmccc ce e:Ic|ccIiIe:. /c chegcr c :uperf|cie, c cguc
evcpcrc, c: :ci: recgem ccm c CC2 e ccc crigem c: crc:Ic: ce ccrLcncIc.
CuIrc crigem cc: :ci: pcce e:Icr nc: ccmpcnenIe: cercmicc: prccuzicc:
ccm crgi|c: ricc: em piriIc {FeS2). E::e ccmpcnenIe :cfre cxicccc curcnIe c prc-
ce::c ce ueimc :eguncc c euccc cLcixc:

2FeS2 + 3C2 2FeS + 2SC3 4FeS + C2 2Fe2C3 + 4SC3
128
/pc: c cccrrncic ce::c reccc, c cnicricc :u|fricc {SC3) |iLerccc junIc-
menIe ccm c gc: :u|furc:c {SC2) curcnIe c ueimc {uIi|izcncc ccmLu:I|ve| ccn-
Iencc enxcfre) cc: ccmpcnenIe: pcce recgir ccm c: cxicc: Lc:icc: cc crgi|c
{Nc2C, K2C, MgC, CcC) e fcrmcr c: :u|fcIc: re:pecIivc:. E::e: :u|fcIc: :cmenIe :cc
e|iminccc: em c|Ic: IempercIurc: ce cc|cinccc {1050
c
C pcrc c CcSC4 e 50
c
C
pcrc c: cemci:) e, cc:c re:Ie cnicricc :u|fricc cpc: c ueimc, :uc reccc ccm c
cguc fcrmc ccicc :u|fricc {SC3 + H2C H2SC4) ue, pcr :uc vez, pcce recgir ccm
c: :i|iccIc: cc ccrpc cercmicc e ccr crigem cc: :u|fcIc: ce :ccic e pcIc::ic {UE-
MCIC, 188).
Iobe|o A.5. Formos de mon||estoo do e||orescnc|o [odoptodo de Ihomoz, 10}
I|po Loco|s de |ormoo Cousos provve|s keporos
47

Fc Lrcncc
pu|veru|enIc
:c|ve| em
cguc.
. :uperf|cie: ce ccncre-
Ic cpcrenIe:
. :uperf|cie: ce c|venc-
ric reve:Iicc:
. junIc: ce pi:c: cerc-
micc: cu czu|ejc::
. regice: prcximc: c
ccixi|hc: mc| vecccc::
. :uperf|cie: ce |ccri|hc:
ncc e:mc|Iccc:.
. :ci: :c|vei: pre:enIe:
nc: mcIerici:: cguc ce
cmc::cmenIc, cgre-
gccc: cu cg|cmercn-
Ie::
nc: mcIerici: cercmi-
cc::
nc :c|c:
. pc|uicc cImc:fricc:
. reccc enIre ccmpc:-
Ic: cc cimenIc e cc
cercmicc.
. e|iminccc cc fcnIe
ce umiccce:
. em :uperf|cie exIernc,
cgucrccr c e|iminccc
cc: :ci: pe|c ccc cc
chuvc:
. |cvcgem ccm cguc:
. e:ccvcmenIc:
. |impezc ccm ccicc
c|cr|cricc c 107.
Depc:iIc
Lrcncc ccm
c:pecIc ce
e:ccrrimenIc,
muiIc cceren-
Ie e pcucc
:c|ve| em
cguc.
. junIc: cc: c|vencric:
c::enIccc: ccm crgc-
mc::c:
. :uperf|cie ce ccncreIc
cu reve:IimenIc ccm
crgcmc::c:
. :uperf|cie: ce ccmpc-
nenIe: prcximc: c e|e-
menIc: ce c|vencric cu
ccncreIc.
. ccrLcncIccc cc cc|
|iLerccc nc hicrcIccc
cc cimenIc:
. ccrLcncIccc cc cc|
ccn:IiIuinIe cc crgc-
mc::c.
. e|iminccc cc percc-
|ccc ce cguc:
. |cvcgem ccm ccicc
c|cr|cricc c 107:
. e:ccvcmenIc mecc-
nicc :e nece::cric.
Depc:iIc
Lrcncc, :c|ve|
em cguc, ccm
efeiIc ce ex-
pcn:cc.
. em fi::urc: evenIuc|-
menIe pre:enIe: nc:
junIc: cc: c|vencric::
. nc: junIc: ce crgc-
mc::c cc: c|vencric::
. em regice: cc c|venc-
ric muiIc expc:Ic: c
ccc cc chuvc.
. expcn:cc cevicc c
hicrcIccc cc :u|fcIc
ce cc|cic exi:IenIe nc
Iijc|c cu reccc cc:
ccmpc:Ic: cc Iijc|c e
cc cimenIc:
. fcrmccc cc :c| ex-
pcn:ivc pcr ccc cc
:u|fcIc cc meic.
. e:percr c e:IcLi|izc-
cc cnIe: ce efeIucr
repcrc::
. repcrcr ccm u:c ce
cimenIc i:enIc ce :u|fc-
Ic:.

47
Seguncc UEMCIC {188).
12
C: :u|fcIc: ce Sccic {Nc2SC4), FcIc::ic {K2SC4), Mcgn:ic {MgSC4) e Cc|cic
{CcSC4) cccrrem |crgcmenIe nc: crgi|c: e nc: :c|c: e IcmLm nc: p|ccc: cc re-
ve:IimenIc cercmicc. Cucncc em :c|ucc cuc:c, e|e: inIercgem ccm c cimenIc
FcrI|cnc, pccencc ccu:cr expcn:cc e percc ce re:i:Incic.
Umc vez ue exi:Ie umc grcnce ucnIiccce ce :ci: envc|vicc: nc fencme-
nc cc ef|cre:cncic e :eu ccmpcrIcmenIc inf|uenciccc pe|c IempercIurc, ccn-
cenIrccc, FH, cguc ci:pcn|ve|, pre:enc ce cuIrc: :ci: eIc., Icrnc-:e prcIiccmen-
Ie impc::|ve| cnIever c :urgimenIc ce c|gumc mcnife:Iccc. EnIreIcnIc, /cc|e:cn
{172) prcpce c|gun: ccmenIcric: pcrc c: :ci: ce cccrrncic mci: ccmum, c ue
pcce cuxi|icr nc Icmccc ce ceci:ce: ce repcrc e IcmLm nc e|cLcrccc cc c-
ncmne:e cc cc:c:
:u|fcIc ce cc|cic: pe|c :uc Lcixc :c|uLi|iccce, ncrmc|menIe ncc ccnIriLui
pcrc c cumenIc cc ef|cre:cncic. Cc:c cccrrc, pcce fcrmcr cepc:iIc: mui-
Ic curc: em crec: prcIegicc: cc ccc |impcnIe cc chuvc, |evcncc c ce:c-
gregccc cc :uperf|cie cc mcIeric|. Em cc:c ce umiccce permcnenIe {cu
pcr |cngc: per|ccc:), :c|uce: ce::e :c| pccem cumenIcr c cIcue pcr :u|-
fcIc:. Cucncc em pre:enc ce :u|fcIc ce pcIc::ic, :uc :c|uLi|iccce cumen-
Ic e c: cci: ccc crigem c um :c| cup|c ue pcce :er muiIc ccmum nc: ef|c-
re:cncic::
:u|fcIc ce mcgn:ic: me:mc pre:enIe em peuenc: ucnIiccce:, pcce
cri:Ic|izcr-:e nc :uperf|cie cc mcIeric| cu prcximc ce|c: enIreIcnIc, :uc Lcc
:c|uLi|iccce permiIe ue :ejc |cvccc pe|c chuvc, ce mccc ue :uc ccc
ficc minimizccc.
ScL ccncice: e:pec|ficc:, c :u|fcIc ce mcgn:ic pcce recgir ccm c
cc| pre:enIe nc emLcc/reLccc. l::c cccrre ucncc e::e: :ci: :cc ci::c|vicc:
pe|c cguc inIrccuzicc curcnIe c ccn:Irucc e, cc enIrcrem em ccnIcIc ccm c
cc| pre:enIe nc inIerfcce cc: cuc: :uperf|cie: {emLcc e reLccc), cccrre umc
reccc ce cup|c Irccc ccmc cLcixc, re:u|Icncc num cepc:iIc ge|cIinc:c ce
hicrcxicc ce mcgn:ic:

MgSC4 + Cc{CH)2 CcSC4 + Mg{CH)2

/ cccrrncic ce::e fencmenc e:Ic c::cciccc ccm c ef|cre:cncic, mc:
c mcIivc pcr ue c reccc cccrre ne::c pc:icc ue c :uperf|cie inIernc ce
crgcmc::c ficc impregnccc pe|c cc|, fcrmcncc umc memLrcnc permecve| c
130
cguc mc: ncc cc: :ci:. /::im, ccnfcrme c cguc evcpcrc, c: :ci: :e precipiIcm
e ccu:cm c percc ce ccerncic cc ccmccc ce crgcmc::c cc reLccc:
:u|fcIc ce :ccic e :u|fcIc ce pcIc::ic: curcnIe c cri:Ic|izccc, c :u|fcIc ce
:ccic Ience c c::umir c cpcrncic ce um cepc:iIc mccic"
48
, enucnIc
ue c :u|fcIc ce pcIc::ic fcrmc umc curc ccmccc viIrificccc. /: fcrmc:
Nc2SC4 . 10H2C {:u|fcIc ce :ccic cecc-hicrcIccc) e Nc2SC4 permuIcm-:e nc
IempercIurc ce cprcximcccmenIe 32
c
C. / pc::cgem cc :u|fcIc cnicrc pc-
rc c hicrcIccc cccmpcnhccc ce cumenIc ce vc|ume ce 3007 {c vc|ume
uccrup|icc), gercncc pre::ce: ce:IruIivc: :cLre c e:IruIurc cc mcIeric| em
ue cccrrem.

48 Dc ing|: ||u||y cepc:|t.
A.III. Sugestes poro m|n|m|zor o surg|mento do e||orescnc|o
C :urgimenIc cc ef|cre:cncic e:Ic re|ccicnccc ccm umc :rie ce fcIcre:,
ccmc crigem cc: :ci:, pre:enc ce cguc, ccncice: cmLienIe, ccnIcmincce:,
u:c cc |ccc| eIc. /::im, invicve| c cpre:enIccc ce umc regrc gerc| pcrc c :c|u-
cc cc: prcL|emc: ccc:icnccc: pcr e|e. /|gun: cuIcre:, enIreIcnIc, cpre:enIcm
c: :eguinIe: crienIcce::
c: mcnchc: ce c:pecIc e:ccrricc e ce ccr e:Lrcnuiccc fcrmccc: pe|c
ccrLcncIc ce cc|cic pccem :er e|iminccc:, mc: :erc um prcce::c IrcLc|hc-
:c e ce re:u|Iccc ncc gcrcnIicc. Ccmc c: :ci: ncc :cc :c|vei: em cguc, :e-
rc nece::cric c u:c ce e:ccvc:, ccicc: {:c|ucc ce ccicc muricIicc cu cc-
Iicc {ci|u|cc: em 1:10)) e cI cLrc:ivc:. Esso tcn|co, mesmo que op||codo
opos mo|hogem obundonte [poro ev|tor penetroo pro|undo dos produtos
qum|cos}, pode de|xor resduos prejud|c|o|s de c|oro no |oco| e, o|gumos
vezes, pode don|||cor o super|c|e ot|ng|do [IIC, 14}. Nc cc:c ce |impezc
ccm ccicc muricIicc, c: :eguinIe: recce: :e ce:envc|vem:

CcCC3 + 2HC| CcC|2 + H2CC3
H2CC3 H2C + CC2

Suge:Ice: pcrc minimizcr c :urgimenIc cc ef|cre:cncic
131
C c|creIc ce cc|cic :c|ve| em cguc e c ccicc ccrLcnicc :e ce:inIe-
grc em cguc e gc: ccrLcnicc e e::e gc: ue prcvccc c cpcrecimenIc cc:
Lc|hc: ce cr" curcnIe c ce:envc|vimenIc cc reccc.
ef|cre:cncic: ce ccr mcrrcm, cmcre|c e preIc :cc, nc gerc|, prcvenienIe:
ce cxicccc e cevem |evcr c um e:Iucc :ric cc: ccu:c: e inIegriccce cc
|ccc| cIingicc. / |impezc ccm ccicc muricIicc {:ci: Lc:icc:
4
) e :ccc ccu:Ii-
cc {:ci: ccicc:) pcce :er uIi|izccc ce cccrcc ccm c Iipc ce :c| envc|vicc:
mcnchc: ce ccr cc:Icnhc, ferruginc:c:, :cc rcrc: nc: c|vencric: e mci: cc-
mun: nc ccncreIc crmccc, prcvenienIe: cc ccrrc:cc cc crmccurc. Cc:c c
crgcmc::c e:Iejc ccnIcminccc pcr peccc: ce ferrc {pregc:, crcme:), cc-
:c c creic ccnIenhc minric ce ferrc cu cc:c c crgi|c cc: mcIerici: cercmi-
cc: ccnIenhc piriIc {FeS2), e::c: mcnchc: pccem cccrrer IcmLm nc c|ve-
ncric {VEFCS/, 11):
ef|cre:cncic: pu|veru|enIc: {Lrcncc:) e :c|vei: em cguc pccem :er e|imi-
nccc: ccm |cvcgem e e:ccvccc ccm e:ccvc: ce cercc: curc: {piccvc
cu cc), ccnfcrme mc:Ircr-:e nece::cric. Nc gerc|, c prcpric chuvc :ufici-
enIe pcrc :uc remccc {IHCM/Z, 10) e c u:c ce :cLce: ceve :er cuicc-
cc:c, jc ue c|gun: prccuIc: c Lc:e ce e:IecrcIc: e c|ecIc: ce :ccic pc-
cem cI cumenIcr c Iecr ce :ci: {UEMCIC, 188). C ccicc muricIicc ci::c|-
vicc em 1:10 ccm cguc |impc umc :c|ucc crri:cccc, ccmc jc fci re::c|-
Iccc cnIericrmenIe:
ef|cre:cncic: ce ccr ue ncc :ejc Lrcncc gerc|menIe Im crigem menc:
ccmum e cevem :er cnc|i:ccc: cnIe: ue uc|uer cIiIuce :ejc Icmccc.
CcmenIcric: ceIc|hccc: :cLre e::e c::unIc pccem :er cnc|i:ccc: nc: Lc|e-
Iin: Icnicc: 23 e 23/ cc 8||ck |n:t|tute c| Ane||cc {8l/, 17):
c impermecLi|izccc cc :uperf|cie pcrc eviIcr c enIrccc ce cguc pcce
ncc :er umc :c|ucc pcrc c ef|cre:cncic. Nc cc:c ce c crigem cc cguc
e:Icr nc inIericr cc pcrece {vczcmenIc:, infi|Irccc pe|c Icpc), c cp|icccc
ce umc pe||cu|c ce IinIc impecirc c :c|cc cc cguc ||uicc. Nc enIcnIc, prc-
ximc cc :uperf|cie c cguc :e Ircn:fcrmcrc em vcpcr e cIrcve::crc c pe||cu-
|c ce IinIc {ccr||icc cu FV/), prcvcccncc c cri:Ic|izccc cc: :ci: imecicIc-

4
C ccnceiIc ce :c| ccicc cu Lc:icc :e refere cc fcIc ce ue, ucncc c :c| :cfre hicrc|i:e {recge ccm c
cguc e fcrmc c ccicc e c Lc:e ccrre:pcncenIe:), c :c|ucc finc| pcce :er ccicc cu Lc:icc. Gerc|men-
Ie, :e c :c| fcr prcvenienIe ce ccicc fcrIe, c :c|ucc :erc ccicc: :e fcr prcvenienIe ce Lc:e fcrIe, c :c|u-
cc :erc Lc:icc.
Suge:Ice: pcrc minimizcr c :urgimenIc cc ef|cre:cncic
132
menIe cLcixc cc :uperf|cie. CcrccIerizc-:e enIcc c cripIc-ef|cre:cncic,
ue pcce ccc:icncr c ce:Iruicc cc Lc:e pe|c efeiIc expcn:ivc cc cri:Ic|i-
zccc cc: :ci::
/|m cc: ccmenIcric: e:pec|ficc: prcpc:Ic: cnIericrmenIe, c|gun: cuicc-
cc: gerci: pccem :er Icmccc: pcrc minimizcr c cccrrncic cc fencmenc cc ef|c-
re:cncic {UEMCIC, 188):
ncc uIi|izcr mcIerici: e/cu ccmpcnenIe: ccm c|Ic Iecr ce :ci: :c|vei::
eviIcr Iijc|c: ccm c|Ic: Iecre: ce :u|fcIc::
u:cr pinIurc: impermecvei: re:i:IenIe: c :c|uce: :c|inc: nc cc:c ce c|venc-
ric: cpcrenIe::
mc|hcr c: ccmpcnenIe: cercmicc: cemc:icccmenIe :ecc:, minimizcncc c
cL:crcc cc cguc ce cmc::cmenIc e c reccc ccm c cimenIc:
:empre prcIeger cc chuvc c c|vencric recm cccLccc:
eviIcr enIrccc ce umiccce ccm c cjucc ce Lcc impermecLi|izccc e ve-
cccc:
u:cr crgcmc::c mi:Ic {cimenIc:cc|:creic) pcrc minimizcr c reccc ccm c:
ccmpcnenIe: cercmicc::
u:cr cimenIc pczc|cnicc cu ce c|Ic-fcrnc, ue |iLercm mencr Iecr ce cc| nc
hicrcIccc.

/ :eguir, c: figurc: i|u:Ircm c|gun: Iipc: ce ef|cre:cncic: ue fcrcm enccn-
Irccc: nc ciccce ce Scc Fcu|c.

F|guro A.1. E||orescnc|o no p|o bot|smo| de umo |grejo

Exemp|c: ce ef|cre:cncic:
133

F|guro A.2. E||orescnc|o em escodo externo

F|guro A.3. E||orescnc|o no estoo do metr V||o Modo|eno em So Fou|o

F|guro A.4. E||orescnc|o em |ochodos de ed||c|os

F|guro A.5. E||orescnc|o em p|so de ordos|o
Li:Ic ce referncic:
CCNSlDEF/CES FlN/lS
134
LISIA DE kEFEkNCIAS
/DDLESCN, L. Moter|o|s |or 8u||d|ngs: WcIer cnc iI: effecI:. Lcnccn: |:.n.], 172.
v.3.
/GCFY/N, V. E|ementos de vedoo vert|co|: cL:ervcce: :cLre ccrccIer|:Ii-
cc: ue cfeIcm c ce:empenhc. 178. 123p. Di::erIccc {Me:Irccc), E:cc|c
Fc|iIcnicc, Univer:iccce ce Scc Fcu|c. Scc Fcu|c, 178.
/MEFlC/N N/IlCN/L SI/ND/FD lNSIlIUIE {/NSl). Amer|con not|ono| stondord
spec|||cot|ons |or chem|co| res|stont |uron mortors ond grouts |or t||e |nsto||ot|on -
ANSI A118.5. New Jer:ey, 1.
___. Spec|||cot|ons |or cerom|c t||e grouts - ANSI A118.. New Jer:ey, 12.
___. Amer|con not|ono| stondord spec|||cot|ons |or po|ymer mod|||ed cement
grouts |or t||e |nsto||ot|on - ANSI A118.7. New Jer:ey, 1.
___. Amer|con not|ono| stondord spec|||cot|ons |or mod|||ed epoxy emu|s|on
mortorJgrout - ANSI A118.8. New Jer:ey, 1.
___. Insto||ot|on o| grout |n t||ework - ANSI A108.10. New Jer:ey, 12.
/MEFlC/N SCClEIY FCF IESIlNG /ND M/IEFl/LS {/SIM). Stondord term|no|ogy
re|ot|ng to concrete ond concrete oggregotes - ASIM C 125. Fhi|cce|phic, 12.
___. Stondord spec|||cot|on |or chem|co| res|stont res|n grouts |or br|ck or t||e -
ASIM C 58. Fhi|cce|phic, 18.
___. Stondord term|no|ogy o| bu||d|ng seo|s ond seo|onts - ASIM C 717. Fhi|c-
ce|phic, 18c.
___. Stondord gu|de |or use o| jo|nt seo|onts - ASIM C 113. Fhi|cce|phic, 15.
/F/NIES, F. eI c|. O monchomento e o poros|dode |echodo do grs porce|ono-
to. Cercmicc lncu:Iric|, Scc Fcu|c, v., p.18-25, mci/jun 2001. Di:pcn|ve| em: <
hIIp://www.cercmiccincu:Iric|.crg.Lr>. /ce::c em: Dez.2001.
/SSCCl//C 8F/SlLElF/ DE NCFM/S ICNlC/S {/8NI). Execuo de revest|-
mentos de poredes e tetos de orgomossos |norgn|cos - prccecimenIc - N8k
7200. Fic ce Jcneirc, 18.
___. Concreto - determ|noo do modu|o de de|ormoo estt|co e d|ogromo
tenso-de|ormoo - N8k 8522. Fic ce Jcneirc, 184.
Li:Ic ce referncic:
LlSI/ DE FEFEFENCl/S
135
___. Ad|t|vos poro concreto de c|mento Fort|ond - N8k 1178. Fic ce Jcneirc,
12.
___. kevest|mento de p|so |nterno ou externo com p|ocos cerm|cos e com ut|||-
zoo de orgomosso co|onte - prccecimenIc - N8k 13753. Fic ce Jcneirc, 1.
___. kevest|mento de poredes |nternos com p|ocos e com ut|||zoo de orgo-
mosso co|onte - prccecimenIc - N8k 13754. Fic ce Jcneirc, 1.
___. kevest|mento de poredes externos e |ochodos com p|ocos cerm|cos e
com ut|||zoo de orgomosso co|onte - prccecimenIc - N8k 13755. Fic ce Jc-
neirc, 1.
___. F|ocos cerm|cos poro revest|mento - Ierminc|cgic - N8k 1381. Fic ce
Jcneirc, 17.
___. F|ocos cerm|cos poro revest|mento - c|c::ificccc - N8k 13817. Fic ce
Jcneirc, 17.
___. F|ocos cerm|cos poro revest|mento - e:pecificccc e mIccc: ce en:cic
- N8k 13818. Fic ce Jcneirc, 17.
___. Argomosso co|onte |ndustr|o||zodo poro ossentomento de p|ocos de cer-
m|co - e:pecificccc - N8k 14081. Fic ce Jcneirc, 18.
m|co - execucc cc :uL:IrcIc-pccrcc e cp|icccc ce crgcmc::c pcrc en:cic:
- N8k 14082. Fic ce Jcneirc, 18.
m|co - ceIerminccc cc Iempc em cLerIc - N8k 14083. Fic ce Jcneirc, 18.
m|co - ceIerminccc cc re:i:Incic ce ccerncic - N8k 14084. Fic ce Jcneirc,
18.
___. Argomosso bose de c|mento Fort|ond poro rejuntomento de p|ocos ce-
rm|cos e post||hos de porce|ono - reui:iIc: e mIccc: ce en:cic - Frojeto de
normo 18:40.05-001. Scc Fcu|c, 2001.
/SSCCl//C N/ClCN/L DCS F/8FlC/NIES DE CEF/MlC/ F/F/ FEVESIlMENIC
{/NF/CEF). Gu|o de ossentomento de revest|mento cerm|co: c::enIcccr. Scc
Fcu|c, 18. 2.ec, 48p.
___. Gu|o de ossentomento de revest|mento cerm|co: e:pecificcccr. Scc Fcu-
|c, 18. 2.ec., 28p.
Li:Ic ce referncic:
13
/USIF/Ll/N SI/ND/FDS {/S). Cerom|c t||es - guice Ic Ihe in:Ic||cIicn cf ce-
rcmic Ii|e: - AS 358.1. /u:Irc|ic, 11.
___. Cerom|c t||es - guice Ic Ihe :e|ecIicn cf c cercmic Ii|ing :y:Iem - AS 358.2.
/u:Irc|ic, 12.
___. Adhes|ves |or ||x|ng cerom|c t||es - AS 2358. /u:Irc|ic, 10.
8/FFCS, M.M.S.8.: S/88/IlNl, F.H.: LCFDSLEEN JUNlCF, /.C. kecomendoes
poro o produo de revest|mentos cerm|cos poro poredes de vedoo em
o|venor|o. FrcjeIc EFUSF/SEN/l. Scc Fcu|c, 18. 40p.
8/SICS, F.K.X. ketroo e desenvo|v|mento de propr|edodes mecn|cos de
orgomossos m|stos de revest|mento. 2001. 172p. Ie:e {DcuIcrccc) - E:cc|c Fc|i-
Icnicc, Univer:iccce ce Scc Fcu|c. Scc Fcu|c, 2001.
8/UEF, F.J.F.: F/GC, F. Exponso por um|dode de p|ocos cerm|cos poro re-
vest|mento. Cercmicc lncu:Iric|, Scc Fcu|c, v.5, n.3, p.41-45, mcic/junhc 2000.
Di:pcn|ve| em: < hIIp://www.cercmiccincu:Iric|.crg.Lr>. /ce::c em: Dez.2001.
8CFGES, /. Frt|co dos pequenos construes. .ec. Scc Fcu|c: Ecgcrc 8|-
cher, 172. 27p.
8CWM/N, F. Ihe need |or stob||sh|ng o mo|sture expons|on convent|on |or the
ono|ys|s o| t|||ng system |o||ures. /u:Irc|ic: CSlFC Divi:icn cf 8ui|cing, Ccn:Iruc-
Iicn cnc Engineering, 17. Di:pcn|ve| em <hIIp://www.cLce.c:irc.cu>. /ce::c
em: Jcn.2002.
___. Ihe |mportonce o| k|net|cs o| mo|sture expons|on. /u:Irc|ic, CSlFC Divi:icn
cf 8ui|cing, Ccn:IrucIicn cnc Engineering, 17c. Di:pcn|ve| em
<hIIp://www.cLce.c:irc.cu>. /ce::c em: Jcn.2002.
8CWM/N, F.: 8/NKS, F. J. Iheoret|co| mode|||ng o| externo| wo|| t|||ng systems.
/u:Irc|ic. Di:pcn|ve| em <hIIp://www.infcIi|e.ccm>. /ce::c em: Ju|.2002.
8CWM/N, F.: WESIG/IE, F. Mo|sture expons|on k|net|cs os o |unct|on o| cond|-
t|on|ng. /u:Irc|ic. Di:pcn|ve| em <hIIp://www.infcIi|e.ccm>. /ce::c em:
Ju|.2002.
8F/SlL. /8CCC-FEJUNI/8FS. Monuo| de revest|mento cerm|co. Scc Fcu|c,
18. 31p.
8F/SlL. S/lNI GC8/lN CU/FIZCLlI LID/. O gu|o Weber. Scc Fcu|c, Me|hcrc-
menIc:, 2003. 235p.
8F/SlL. CEF/MlC/ ELl/NE. F|onejomento, ossentomento e monuteno de
revest|mentos cerm|cos. Scc Fcu|c, 2000. 7p.
Li:Ic ce referncic:
137
8F/SlL. CEF/MlC/ FCFIC8ELLC. Assentomento de revest|mentos cerm|cos.
Scc Fcu|c, 18. 24p.
8F/SlL. FCSFCC FE/X. Gu|o e|etrn|co de produtos. Di:pcn|ve| em
<hIIp://www.fc:rccrecx.ccm.Lr>. /ce::c em: /Lr.2002.
8FlCK lNSIlIUIE CF /MEFlC/ {8l/). E|||orescence - ccu:e: cnc mechcni:m:.
Forts I, II. Di:pcn|ve| em <hIIp://www.Lic.crg>. /ce::c em: /Lr.2002.
8FlIlSH SI/ND/FDS lNSIlIUIlCN {8Sl). Wo|| ond ||oor t|||ng: port 2. code o| proc-
t|ce |or the des|gn ond |nsto||ot|on o| externo| cerom|c wo|| t|||ng ond moso|cs
[|nc|ud|ng terro cotto ond |o|ence t||es} - 8S 5385 Fort 2. Lcnccn, 11.
___. Wo|| ond ||oor t|||ng: port 1. code o| proct|ce |or the des|gn ond |nsto||ot|on
o| |nterno| cerom|c ond noturo| stone wo|| t|||ng ond moso|cs |n normo| cond|-
t|ons - 8S 5385: Fort 1. Lcnccn, 15.
8UlLDlNG FESE/FCH ESI/8LlSHMENI {8FE). Est|mot|on o| thermo| ond mo|sture
movements ond stresses, Forts 1, 2 ond 3. 8kE D|gest 227, 228 ond 22. Gcr:Icn:
Her Mcje:Iy: SIcIicnery Cffice, 17.
8YFNE, M. Sett|ng I||e. US/: Ihe IcunIcn Fre::, 15. 22p.
C/MF/NIE, E.F. Metodo|og|o de d|ognost|co, recuperoo e preveno de
mon||estoes poto|og|cos em revest|mentos cerm|cos de |ochodo. 2001.
407p. Ie:e {DcuIcrccc) - E:cc|c Fc|iIcnicc, Univer:iccce ce Scc Fcu|c. Scc
Fcu|c, 2001.
ClNCCIIC, M./. {cccrc.): SlLV/, M./.C.: C/SCUDC, H.C. Argomossos de reves-
t|mento: ccrccIer|:Iicc:, prcprieccce: e mIccc: ce en:cic. Scc Fcu|c: lFI,
15. 8c|eIim 8, lFI, 118p.
EUFCFE/N SI/ND/FD. Adhes|ves |or t||es - ceIermincIicn cf Ircn:ver:e cefcr-
mcIicn fcr cemenIiIicu: cche:ive: cnc grcuI: - EN 12002. 8ru::e|:, 17.
F/ZEND/, J. M. {cccrc). I|ntos e vern|zes: cincic e Iecnc|cgic. 2.ec. Scc Fcu-
|c: /8F/F/Il, 15. vc| 1.
FELIFE, F. Fundomentos do qum|co. Scc Fcu|c: Mccernc, 14.
FEFFElF/, /.8.H. Novo Aur||o scu|o XXI. Fic ce Jcneirc: Ncvc FrcnIeirc, 1.
FlCFlIC, /.J.S.l. Monuo| de orgomossos e revest|mentos: E:Iucc: e prccecimen-
Ic: ce execucc. 1.ec. Scc Fcu|c: FlNl, 14. 221p.
Li:Ic ce referncic:
138
FCSFCC. Gu|o de produtos. Di:pcn|ve| em <hIIp://www.fc:rccrecx.ccm.Lr>.
/ce::c em: cuI.2002
GCLD8EFG, F.F. Ihe effecI: cnc ccnIrc| cf mci:Iure in cercmic Ii|e fcccce:. ln:
WCFLD CCNGFESS CN CEF/MlC IlLE CU/LlIY. Cc:Ie||cn, 14. Quo||cer 14.
Cc:Ie||cn, 14. p.231-248.
GCLD8EFG, F.F. D|rect odhered cerom|c t||e, stone ond th|n br|ck |ocodes.
Iechnicc| De:ign Mcnuc|. US/:LcIicreIe lnIerncIicnc|, 18. 200p.
GFlMM, C. I. WcIer permecnce cf mc:cnry wc||:: c review cn Ihe |iIercIure. ln:
8CFCHELI, J. G. Mosonry: mcIeric|:, prcperIie: cnc perfcrmcnce. Cr|cncc, F|c,
182. p.178-1.
H/FICG, FEIEF. Why get cross obout spocers? Di:pcn|ve| em
<hIIp://www.infcIi|e.ccm.cu/Ii|eIcccy/i::ue:>. /ce::c em: jcn.2003.
lNSIlIUIC DE IECNCLCGl/ CEF/MlC/ {lIC). Co|ococ|on de pov|mentos y re-
vest|m|entos cerom|cos. /:cciccicn ce inve:Iigccicn ce |c: incu:Iric: cercmi-
cc:. E:pcnc: Mini:Ieric ce lncu:Iric y Energic. Direccicn Generc| ce Minc: y ce
|c Ccn:Iruccicn, 14.
___. Lc pue:Ic en cLrc. ln: Monuo| - Guo tcn|co de |os revest|mentos y pov|-
mentos cerm|cos. E:pcnc: ln:IiIuIc ce Iecnc|cg|c Cercmicc, 187. 1.ec, ccp
4, p.234-3.
lNIEFN/IlCN/L CFG/NlS/IlCN FCF SI/ND/FDlS/IlCN {lSC). Fer|ormonce
stondords |n bu||d|ng - ccnIenI: cnc pre:enIcIicn - ISO 240, 180.
___. Cerom|c t||es: determ|not|on o| res|stonce to sur|oce obros|on |or g|ozed
t||es - ISO 10545:Fort 7. SwiIzer|cnc, 15.
___. Cerom|c I||es: ceIermincIicn cf mci:Iure expcn:icn - ISO 10545:Fort 10.
SwiIzer|cnc, 15.
JCNES, F.J. Cercmic Ii|ing c: c hygienic :urfcce in fccc prepcrcIicn crec:. ln:
WCFLD CCNGFESS CN CEF/MlC IlLE CU/LlIY. Cc:Ie||cn, 14. Quo||cer 14.
Cc:Ie||cn, 14. p.25-28.
L/IlCFEIE. Ihe Lot|crete system. Foo|s ond spos. Di:pcn|ve| em
<hIIp://www.|cIicreIe.ccm>. /ce::c em: jcn.2003.
M/SCNFY lNSIlIUIE CF W/SHlNGICN {MlW). ko|n res|stont mosonry construct|on
- the e|||orescence phenomenon. Ihe ncrIhwe:I mc:cnry guice. Di:pcn|ve| em
<www.mc:cnryin:IiIuIe.ccm>. /ce::c em: mcr.2003.
Li:Ic ce referncic:
13
M/FSYL/, D. Furon grout|ng systems vs. epoxy grout|ng systems. CIlC/ fie|c
repcrI -7-1. Di:pcn|ve| em <www.IheIi|ecccIcr.ccm>. /ce::c em: jcn.2003.
5p.
MEDElFCS, J.S. Iecno|og|o e projeto de revest|mentos cerm|cos de |ochodos
de ed||c|os. 1. 457p. Ie:e {DcuIcrccc) - E:cc|c Fc|iIcnicc, Univer:iccce
ce Scc Fcu|c. Scc Fcu|c, 1.
MEHI/, F. K.: MCNIElFC, F.J.M. Concreto: estruturo, propr|edodes e moter|o|s.
Scc Fcu|c: FlNl, 14. 573p.
MlCH/ELlS. Moderno d|c|onr|o do |nguo portugueso. Di:pcn|ve| em
<hIIp://www.uc|.ccm.Lr/michce|i:>. /ce::c em: mci.2003.
F/LMCN/Fl, C.: IlMELLlNl, G. Cerom|c ||oor ond wo|| t||e: per|ormonce ond con-
trovers|es. 8c|cgnc: lIc|icn Cercmic CenIer, 18. 153p.
FFElXENS, J.8. Ii|e in:Ic||cIicn key pcinI: in fcccce:, pcvemenI: cf hecvy Ircffic,
exIericr pcvemenI: cnc pcc|:. ln: WCFLD CCNGFESS CN CEF/MlC IlLE CU/L-
lIY. Quo||cer 12. Cc:Ie||cn, 12. p.435-443.
S/88/IlNl, F.H. Argomossos de ossentomento poro poredes de o|venor|o res|s-
tente. Scc Fcu|c: /8CF, 18. {E:Iucc Icnicc).
SlL/EX. Di:pcn|ve| em <hIIp://www.:i|cex.ccm.Lr>. /ce::c em cuI.2002.
SIUCCHl, F.F. Scc Fcu|c. Univer:iccce ce Scc Fcu|c, 28./Lr.2003.
/ccmunicccc pe::cc| curcnIe c ci:cip|inc ce FcnIe: ll/.
IlLE CCUNClL CF /MEFlC/ {IC/). Hondbook |or cerom|c t||e |nsto||ot|on. /n-
cer:cn: IC/, 2002.
UEMCIC, K.L. FcIc|cgic. Dcnc: ccu:ccc: pcr ef|cre:cncic. ln: Iecno|og|o de
ed|||coes. Scc Fcu|c, FlNl/lFI, 188. p.51-54.
VEFCS/, ENlC JCS. Foto|og|o dos ed|||coes. FcrIc /|egre: Scgrc, 11.
172p.

lncice c|fcLIicc e remi::ivc
140
NDICE ALFA8IICO E kEMISSIVO

Argomossos odes|vos
cc:ccc: em cLrc............................................ 12
incu:Iric|izccc:................................................. 12
mcnc e LiccmpcnenIe:................................ 12
pc:Ic: ce re:inc.............................................. 13
re:inc: ce reccc........................................... 13
Curo
re|cxccc, f|uncic ........................................ 1
Iempc: ce........................................................ 0
E||orescnc|o
inIrccucc...................................................... 121
:ci: envc|vicc: ............................................... 123
:uge:Ice: pcrc minimizccc...................... 130
EFb ...............................................................5
Juntos
|crgurc............................................................... 43
peneIrccc ce cguc..................................... 41
preenchimenIc................................................ 43
:ecc................................................................... 3
FEI.................................................................14
F|ocos cerm|cos
cLrc:cc :uperficic| ......................................... 14
cL:crcc ce cguc ......................................... 14
c|c::ificccc.................................................... 13
c|c::ificccc iIc|icnc...................................... 50
mcnchcmenIc................................................ 15
pcrce|cncIc
mcnchcmenIc........................................... 1
FEl 15
re:i:Incic u|micc......................................... 15
kejuntomento
ceIc|he:............................................................ 71
e:cccc:....................................................... 78
inIerfcce: ci:IinIc: ..................................... 74
jcne|c: ......................................................... 7
junIc: ce ci|cIccc................................... 72
pi:cinc:........................................................ 83
e:pccccre:.................................................... 4
execucc......................................................... 8
prepcrc cc: junIc:.......................................... 5
prepcrc cc rejunIe .........................................
kejunte
cciIivc: .............................................................. 2
c|vcicce............................................................ 21
cnccrcgem meccnicc................................... 3
LiccmpcnenIe................................................. 22
cimenI|cic......................................................... 22
ccnceiIuccc.................................................. 17
cc:ccc em cLrc.............................................. 23
e:pecificccc inIernccicnc|.................... 23
cry-:eI ................................................................ 2
en:cic:
ccmpre::cc e mccu|c.............................. 8
f|exiLi|iccce................................................. 2
mcnchcmenIc........................................... 4
re:i:Incic ce ccerncic.......................... 5
reIrccc |inecr............................................ 0
epcxi .................................................................. 28
ccrccIer|:Iicc: ............................................ 2
re:i:Incic u|micc.................................... 2
e:pecici: ........................................................... 31
funce:
cju:Ie cc: p|ccc: ....................................... 3
c||vic ce Ien:ce:......................................... 45
cifu:cc ce vcpcr........................................ 44
e:IIicc........................................................ 37
fcci|iIcr c::enIcmenIc............................... 3
cIimizcr ccerncic..................................... 2
regu|crizccc :uperficic|........................... 38
vecccc...................................................... 40
furcnicc............................................................. 31
guic pcrc :e|ecc........................................... 34
incu:Iric|izccc................................................... 24
e:pecificccc inIernccicnc|.................... 25
mcncccmpcnenIe.......................................... 22
pcrcmeIrc: ce :e|ecc.................................. 1
reui:iIc:............................................................ 18
Iipc:.................................................................... 21
kevest|mento cerm|co
ccmccc ce cccLcmenIc............................. 13
ccmccc ce fixccc ....................................... 11
ccmccc ce regu|crizccc............................ 11
chcue Irmicc............................................... 47
lncice c|fcLIicc e remi::ivc
141
ccmpcnenIe: .................................................. 10
ccmpre::cc ............................................... 51, 53
ccnceiIuccc ....................................................
ci|cIccc Irmicc........................................... 48
f|cmLcgem................................................ 51, 53
crigem cc: e:fcrc: ........................................ 5
prczc: ce execucc....................................... 2
Irccc................................................................ 4
Se|ontes
:i|iccne: e ureIcnc: ......................................... 33

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kEJbNIAMENIO DE kEVESIIMENIOS CEkMICOS:

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