Convulcion

{\rtf\ansi\deff0\ansicpg1252
{\fonttbl
{\f0\froman times new roman;}{\f1\fswiss helvetica;}{\f2\fmodern courier;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
{\info{\author Bioquimica}}
\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100
{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\shpleft9386\shptop1413\shpright10200\shpbottom2293
\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2028\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\absh16840\absw11893{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 75}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn pibFlags}{\sv 2}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn pib}{\sv {\pict
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
140D0C0B0B0C1912130F141D1A1F1E1D1A1C1C20242E2720222C231C1C2837292C30313434341F27
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6A7A8A9AAB2B3B4B5B6B7B8B9BAC2C3C4C5C6
C7C8C9CAD2D3D4D5D6D7D8D9DAE1E2E3E4E5E6E7E8E9EAF1F2F3F4F5F6F7F8F9FAFFC4001F010003
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
A7A8A9AAB2B3B4B5B6B7B8B9BAC2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9CAD2D3D4D5D6D7D8D9DAE2E3E4E5E6E7E8E9EA
F2F3F4F5F6F7F8F9FAFFDA000C03010002110311003F00F77FCE8A28A9194F51BE5B08E291C02AF2
84624E3682092DF400127D81A6B6A508BE86D931209320C88C0AA1C12A0FB901BF2F71505C4D225E
B4DB0BB46C96F1E14B6D2DF339C0E7EEEDFC47A1A2591A78A48B62C3E45D4272CC00DBB91F3EC719
5C7AFD6826E6AD14628A0A108A4A7525001DA8CD18A31480323D4514B8A298052D275A6453473297
8DC3A862848ECC09047E04114019B3CBE5CB79E44D15B853B4BC83EF4BE586EA7A00807F9182C08B
733C16F3DC31BDB62AF2ED4215C2956E474C676E0FA838FE21576E2D21BBF2F7630932CB95C7CCCB
C73FCBF4A8A4178D792B5BDB5BC64009E74C49320EB8017B0C9EA7AE78EE425808EFADB725B79571
16494F3A4646407B642B6E03B74E38E7AD4F9BF61D2D633FEF349FD16A3B7BB90CE6D6EE2114FB77
2ED6DC922F4254E074C8C8238C8EBD6AEE6819548D417FE5A5A39F4D8C9FAE4FF2A48EE2E048B1DC
DB98D98E15E263221FC7008FC463DEADD23AEF465248046090707F03EB40585EF474AA76333B235B
4E73730615CE31BC7F0BFD081F9823B55CA061CD149F8FEB450028EA2B22C2C6DA5B40DB5A375678
F744ED1BE15CA804A904E00039CF4AD7AA7A77CAB750E72D15CC99FF00819F307E8E2817522B144B
4B89EC22FF005512ACA83392A1CB647E6A4E4FAFB5526B4BBB3FDFC972CD2B5C8580062DF2BC9C83
9EC5704A8C636706B41B4BB7F3649636B88A491B7BB453BA8638C648CE3A01DBB0A86F209A0B232B
4F25CF912A4E0BAAEEDAA72C3E5033F2E71C502B1348B7E64F3163B3708C4A2316040E4677638383
E9EDEF525A5E2DC2BA10C93464799137DE5CF43C7041EC471F91AB2ACACA191832B0C820F047AD54
BE8D94ADDC2A5A6873F28EB227F127E991EE076CD031D3AA5C6E8639CA4D1FCD88E5DACBE991CF1F
5047B552B4B9BE36E24318BA504ABA709346C3AA91F758FB8DBEA01CD3351BDB4984660948B840AF
1CEA3FD5061C1FF6B70FE019278E07516EC2393335CC8ACAF3100061B4ED518048F53D7D7040ED40
B764723C17F229B69FC9BF841281D4AB81DC321C12A78FE60E706A786FFF0078B0DCC4D6F313801B
95738FE06E87BF1C1F6A9E7B786E5024F147228E46F5CE3DC7A1ACDBF86584478B8716E5D76BB9DC
D0499F95B27965278209EFD40E803BA35F8F5A2B997F182DBC8D0C90A7991928DB6618C8E0E39A28
0E6474C6B3EE55ECEE1EFA25678D940B889464903A3AFA903A8EE318E4007433477A0A11595D15D1
832B00430E847AD316E606B8681678CCE9CB46186E1DFA75AC759CC5636F6AA24E2E9A2C46A4911C
6E4F41CE36AAAFFC0B9AB96D691CF6205E5AA3996469992550DB4B312073DC0C0FC2826E5596D64D
39D2581936C6DB6DD18E3863CC24F40A481B4F6381D383A36B7B0DE465E22DB94E24461868CFA30E
C7FCF4A84E93686296111BAC72A18D944AD8C1F419C03E8474ACD2AD702CA4B850D711CCD6B3CA8C
51C38CED60C390090BC74C49D280D8D786D628400AA1B6B33212A32818E4807B0E4FE1566B2EC5AF
26B586E23BA5963914131DC4603A9EEBB970320E47DD3D2B5281A0A6C91ACB1B4522878DD4AB2B0C
820F5069D4B9A4323114406042981FECD15251400628C573BE2CF1643E11834BB8B9863782F75286
CA49249844B02B86265248230A17A71F515CF5C7C59B34D5EFE0B4B282F34CB3BFB1B5975386F14C
291DCAB169998295554650A72D824F51D2AAC076561A7B5AB4664746F261F290ED209C90598E7BB1
0B9F719EF5A3D2BCD66F8C36D692C17175A2CCBA3497F776C75282432A082168916E4009F346CF28
5E0F18E0B1E2AFC1F15F429FC49A8589023D26C74F7BD6D5A47C4536D944444431FBC5DC4A8607E6
652003C125847795997D678B1BE7B70C67908B855EC6440BB71F5D8B5CD6B9F106DE1934A8F4668E
59E6D72D34CBD82F2DE58658126566DDE5BEC652400558820F3D71C49A7FC51F0E4FA6DBDC5D5D05
9A5B592F592CADAE6E5120491E33216F25485050E4B2AE3E9824B03D4E874B9D1A6B88A3398E4C5D
C27D524E7FF42DDF98AD2E6B0E2F12F875B558B4FB197ED372228B06C6D249D228E5E63DD246A523
560370DC40C61BA735BC7EF1FAD268168329314EA4EB40C4FC68A763EB450060F897C33FF0921D1B
FD2FECDFD9BAAC1A97FABDFE6F979F93A8C67775E718E86B3353F8756FAB5C78C9AE6F3747E238AD
90279447D99E14C23E430DFF0036D6C71D30720D7689D56A5A684721A27812C745B0D1EC15E39AD6
C34DB8B1962922DCB7267789E472189C02D1B7CBC8F9F1D060E678A3E1759F88EFEEA417DF62B59B
455D262B782DC621D93ACC8E39C6D0555760038E8476F42A2981E7371F0D26BED6CEB57BAD236A12
6B163A8CDE4599488ADB232246AA6462A4EE24B163DB0BEB5347F843FD91632DBFF6E79BBF40B9D1
777D976E3CD99E5F37EF9E9BF1B7BE3391D2BD469B27DC3401E6F6FF000B21835DD0354FED1B78E5
D222B68BCFB4B6786E2E1628BCBDB23F9A50AB1EBF26EDB84DD8E6BD0C9CB1EDCFA6293BD21EB52D
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}\paperw11893\paperh16840\margl666\margr133\margt666\margb173
\cols3\colno1\colw3160\colsr-0\colno2\colw5013\colsr-0\colno3\colw2920\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Def
iniciones}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs28\cf0\
f0\charscalex100\b {Convulsiones y Estado epilptico}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\
ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {Por Xavier Raurell}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {Los trminos}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ataques, convulsiones}\i0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ictus, epilepsia}\
i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { son sinnimos que se utilizan para}\par\pard\li104
0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {describir las manifestaciones }
\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {clnicas de una excesiva o hipersincrnica actividad}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {elctrica de la corte
za cerebral}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(1)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Una}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {convulsin}\i0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { es cualquier episodio que incluye }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {un periodo generali}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {zado de actividad}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tnico-clnica que se a
compaa }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a una prdida de conciencia.}\fs16\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {(2)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El
}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Estado Epilptico}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ (EE) se define como un estado }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsivo de dura
cin superior a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lo
s 30 minutos, o como una secuencia de cris}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {is sin re
cuperacin total de la conciencia}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {durante el periodo}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Inter-ictal}

\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(3)}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \*\tx3840\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las convulsiones repe
tidas}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b \i {en racha}\b0 \i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 { (cluster seizures) se definen como dos o ms }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsiones que ocurren en un periodo lim
itado de tiempo (minutos o horas), con}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {recuperacin de la conc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {iencia
entre los ataques.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(4)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \*\tx2720\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Con el trmino}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\i {epilepsia}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { se indica un desorden cer
ebral crnico caracterizado por}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {convulsiones recurrentes}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(5)}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las convulsiones de tipo
epilptico suelen }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ir acompaadas por caractersticos ca
mbios }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {electroen
cefalogrficos}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(6)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En lnea general una convulsin resulta co}\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nstituida por cuatro periodos o fases }\par\pard\li1
040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(aplicables sobre todo a las
convulsiones}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { tnico-clnicas generalizadas): }\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a)}\tab \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100\i {Fase Prodrmica}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { ;}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {b)}\tab \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100\i {Aura}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {;}\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {c)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100\i {Ictus}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {;}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {d)}\i0 \tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\i {Fase Post-ictal;}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \*\
tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {fase Pro
drmica}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { se caracteriza por una serie de}\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 { cambios comportamentales que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {preceden a la convulsin; en medicina humana}\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, el paciente puede notar el aproximarse}\par\pard\li104
0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de la crisis percibiendo una}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { serie de fenmenos subjet}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {i
vos: sensacin de apata,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {depresin, irritacin o por cont}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rario sentirse en
xtasis.}\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\
ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pa
rd\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn173\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1
040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {Los animales horas o das antes del ataque pueden comportarse de f
orma miedosa o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l
adrar en manera no controlada}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(7)}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La fisiopatologa de}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\i {la fase prodrmica}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { se desconoc
e, pero a diferencia del}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {aura,}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {tiene }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {una duracin ms larga y no se le asoc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ian an
omalas electroencefalogrficas}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(8)}\par\pard\li1040\ri
\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100\i {aura}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es el verdadero inicio de una
convulsin y se puede definir como la sensacin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inicial de un ataque antes que }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {sean visibles los signos clnicos}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(8)}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Se caracteriza por ano
malas comportame}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ntales: el animal puede lamerse}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {insistentemente los
labios, tener contracc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {iones de grupos musculares,
manifestar}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nerv
iosismo, buscar con insistencia la at}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {encin del prop
ietario }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o tener tendencia a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {esconderse.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {aura}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {puede durar desde varios segundos o
mi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nutos hasta diversas horas o pasar}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inadvertida. }\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\i {ictus}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es la convulsin en si mism
a; generalmente la}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {fase ictal}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 { tiene una duracin de 1}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o 2 minutos, pero existe una }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{considerable variabilidad. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {fase Post-ictal}\i0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { sigue a la fase convulsiva y se }\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {caracteriza o por un rpido retorno a }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la normalidad del animal, o ms frecuente}\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {mente, por un periodo variable (desde}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {segundos a algn minuto u horas) de}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { desorientacin o confusin.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En esta fase el animal puede mostrarse insens
ible a los estmulos externos, presentar }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ataxia, letrgia y ceguera de duracin va}\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {riable ( desde minutos a algunas horas).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En algunas razas, como Alaskan Malamute}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, Samoyedo y Siberian Husky se han }\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {descritos fases post-ictales excitat
orias}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(9)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { No se ha des
crito una}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { correlacin entre la}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gravedad de la fase convulsiva}\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 { y la duracin o la severidad del}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100\i {aura}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y de la fase post-}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ictal.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El periodo}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100\i {inter-ictal}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es el tiempo entre

la resolucin }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de todos los signo}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {s post-ictales y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {el comienzo de un nuevo ictus}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(10)}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Fisiopatol
oga }\b0 \par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-21
3\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {2}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
\charscalex100 {Desde el punto de vista fisi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {opatolgi
co las convulsiones se}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { definen como una alteracin}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {repentina de la fu
ncin del }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sistema nervioso central (SNC}\fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {), a causa de una descarga }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {elctrica paroxstica de alto voltaje de frecuencia eleva
da o de frecuencia baja}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {sincrnica, causadas por un defecto en el ba}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l
ance entre los mecanismos excitatorios e}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inhibitorios en el cerebro}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
. (11)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Para que las descargas el}\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {ctricas se generen y se}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {propaguen, es necesario que existan dos mecan}\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {ismos esenciales para la provocacin de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la crisis :a) excitabilidad ne}\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {uronal aumentada y b) la sinc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ronizacin d
e una determinada}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{poblacin neuronal. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {De los dos mecanismos citados, la exc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {itabilid
ad neuronal parece revestir ms}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {importancia. La funcin neurona}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l normal
comporta el manten}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {imiento de una diferencia}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de potencial transmemb
rana de 60-80 mV, con }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {negatividad intracelular, gra
cias a las }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {co
ncentraciones relativas de diferentes iones }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en los
espacios intra- y extracelular. Los}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {influjos que recibe una determinada neurona }\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {pueden provocar una despolarizacin de la }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
13\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {membrana neuronal que provoca un cambio e
n}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { su permeabilidad con una apertura}\par\pard\li104
0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {selectiva de los canales inicos.

Cua}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ndo se alcanza un determinado umbral de}\par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {despolarizacin, se produ
ce un potencial de accin normal. Cuando por diferentes }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
13\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {causas se altera el e}\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {quilibrio entre los respons}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ables principa
les de la}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { excitacin y de la }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inhibicin del encfalo representados por e
l potencial post-sinptico excitatorio (EPSP) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y el potencial post-sinptico inhibito}\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {rio (IPSP), se provoca una despolarizacin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {paroxstica}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.
(12)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si esta alt
eracin ambiental }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {implica solo un pequeo grupo }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de neuronas y no difunde en}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {otras reas cerebrales, el disparo de la}\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {s neuronas origina una serie de descargas}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {peridicas en espigas, con }\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {incremento progresivo de su amplitud y de su frecuencia}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {evidenciables en el
tra}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {zado electroencefalogrfico}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si el n
umero de neuronas que descargan }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {espontneamente es ma
yor y supera a la }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {influencia inhibitoria de }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {las neuronas circundan
tes (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Focus epilptico}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {), se producir un}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {ataque y una disritmia focal}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es que se reflejarn
en el electroencefalograma (EEG)}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si la actividad elctr}\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {ica difunde desde el foco epilptic}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o
a otras reas cerebrales , se}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {producirn las primeras manifestaciones cln}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{icas de la crisis }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsiva con las}\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {caractersticas descargas de p
oliesp}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {igas de alto voltaje en el EEG.}\fs16\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 { (13)}\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li52
18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3}\par\par
d\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Entre las numerosas causas responsables de la}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { excitabilidad neuronal aumentada, una de }\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {particular inters viene repre
sentada }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {por cambios en las concentraciones de}\par\

pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {neurotransmisores exc
itato}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rios y/o inhibitorios.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las neuronas normalmente comunican entre ella}\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {s gracias a sinapsis y las \uc1\u8220Xpalabras\uc1\u8221X de
}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {esta comunicacin
estn representadas por la actividad de neurotransmisores }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {excitatorios como el glutamato, la ace
tilcoli}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {na y la serotonina y neurotransmisores }\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inhibitorios como e
l cido gammami}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nobutrico (GABA) o glicina. Estos}\par\
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {neurotransmisores, li
berados en el la }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hendidura sinptica, se unen a recep
tores}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {especficos
en la membrana postsinptica, influyendo en la permeabilidad de}\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {determinados iones, comportando ca
mbios }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de la polaridad. En asociacin con la}\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {actividad epilptica se ha
evidenciado una }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aumentada liberacin de glutamato en
el }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cerebro}{ }\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y elevadas concentraciones de glutamat}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {o en el liquido cefaloraquidiano (LCR)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {se han relacionado con actividades convulsi
vas focales.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(14), (15)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Alteraciones del sistema inhibitorio cerebra
l}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, mediado sobretodo por}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 { el neurotransmisor}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {GABA, son frecuentemente implicadas en la }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ge
neralizacin de las convulsiones y bajos}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {niveles de este neurotransmisor en el L}\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {CR se han descrito en perros epilpticos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(
16)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Estudios rec
ientes de liquido }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cefaloraquidiano (LCR) de perr}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {os con epilepsia idioptica }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {han relacionado estrictamente los altas co
nc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {entraciones de glutamato con los bajos }\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {niveles de GABA, indepen
dientemente del tiem}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {po transcurrido desde la ultima
crisis }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convul
sivas y la recogida del LCR.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(17)}\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Adems de la excitabilidad
neuronal aument}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ada, para explicar la generacin de u
na }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {crisis epilpt
ica, es importan}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {te la sincronizacin neuronal.}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dicha sincronizacin pre
supone la participac}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in simultanea de un }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {nmero elevado de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {neuronas, que normalmente descargan de fo}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {rma asincrnica. El mecanismo exacto de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {este proceso se desconoce.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las convulsiones pueden ser de
sencadenadas po}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {r diferentes estmulos farmacolgicos,}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {elctricos, o metabl
icos, que provoquen a }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {una modificacin del ambiente n
euronal. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cada
animal es dotado de un umbral individual}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, que parec

e ser hereditario, superado el }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {cual se desencadenan los ataques. Este umbral se puede definir
como la suma de todos }\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4}\par\pard\sect\
sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {los hechos que regulan la}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 { excitabilidad neuronal.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {Los perros y gatos normales necesitan un shock elctrico o una dosis
elevada de un }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{convulsionante para desencadenar un ataque.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {De otro lado, existen animales con un umbral ms bajo
, donde el ataque puede }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {desencadenarse por diferentes condiciones }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{como fiebre, estimulacin luminosa, estro o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {alteraciones metablicas como hipoglucemia y hipocalcmia
.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmul
040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Por ultimo, el grupo de anima
les que convulsionan sin aparente causa estimulante.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {A este grupo pertenecen los epilpticos idiopt
icos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(18) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
8\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Clasificacin de las convulsiones}\b
0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las convulsiones se pueden clasificar: a) en ba}\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {se a los signos clnicos}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {;
b) en base a su}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
origen etiolgico. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040
arscalex100\b {Clasificacin de las convulsiones }\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{en base a los signos clnicos}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En medicina humana la clasificacin de la}\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {s convulsiones ha sido establecida por la}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Commisin on Clasification and Termino
logy }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {of the International League Against }\i
0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Epilepsy (IL
AE)}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { y se basa principalmente en la presentacin c
lnica de la crisis }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {convulsivas y en sus aspectos}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { electroencefalogrfi
cos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(19)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\

cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Por la muchas similitudes que existen entre la sintomatolo
ga humana y animal, los }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {neurlogos veterinarios sigue}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n las lneas gene
rales trazadas por la ILAE en la }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {clasificacin de las convulsiones.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
(20)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En el perro
y en el gato la }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {clasificacin de las }\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {convulsiones en base a }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {los signos clni
cos }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {permite dis
tinguir dos grandes categoras: }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100\i {1) Convulsiones generalizadas y 2) C}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100\i {onvulsiones parciales (focales ) }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(Tab
la 1).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla1}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 { :}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Clasificacin de las convulsiones en}\i
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i { base a los signos clnicos.}\i0 \par\pard\li5226\
ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {5}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1626\shptop1413\shpright1640\shpbottom1426\shpfhdr0\shpw
r3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2033\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 14}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 13}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,13);(13,13);(13,0);(0,0);}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Convulsiones generalizadas }\b0 \par\pard\li10

40\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Simtricas bilaterales.}\par\par
f0\f0\charscalex100 {a) Generalizadas tnico-clnicas (Grand mal)
}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {b) Generalizadas tnicos-clnicas leves.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {c) Ausencias generalizadas (Pet}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {it mal) : raras en animales.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {d) Convulsiones tnicas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {e) Convulsiones clnicas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {f) Convulsiones mioclnicas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {g) Convulsiones atnicas.}\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Convulsiones Focales o Par
ciales }\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Rec
onocen un}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {focus}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {local.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a) Convulsiones parciales simples ( si}\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n alteraciones de la conciencia)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {b) Convulsiones parciales complejas
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o convulsiones psicomotoras (con }\par\pard\li1320
\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {alteraciones de la conciencia)}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {c) Convulsiones p
arciales c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {on generalizacin secundaria}\par\pard\li10
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{Convulsiones generalizadas}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En las convulsione
s generalizadas los signos }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {clnicos indican una impli
cacin inicial de }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{los dos hemisferios cerebrales. Se puede obs}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ervar
una afectacin de la conciencia y los }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {signos motores son bilaterales.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La forma ms comn de crisis generalizada en lo
s animales es la}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {generalizada tnico-}\i0 \par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {clnica}\i0 { }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {(}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Gran mal}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {en humanos). Este tipo de convulsin representa alrededor del 60%}
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de las crisis de
scritas en gatos }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y un 80% de las crisis en perros.}
\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(21)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {El ataque normalmente es precedido por un}{ }\fs22\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\i {aura}\i0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. La primera fase de la crisis
}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {(ictus)}\i0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { es }\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {representada por una
fase tnica, con una c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ontraccin importante de todos l
os msculos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El an
imal cae al suelo y pi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {erde la conciencia. Las extr}
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {emidades quedan extendidas y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pueden presentarse opistotonos . La res
piracin puede presentarse irregular y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {frecuentemente los animales manifiestan cia}\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {nosis. La fase tnica es normalmente corta}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(10-30 segundos) y rpidame}\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {nte seguida por la fase }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {clnica, caracte
rizada por }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {movi
mientos de pedaleo de las extremidades}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Los signos
viscerales (midriasis, miccin,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {defecacin y piloereccin) pueden iniciars}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{e en cualquiera de la dos fases.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\

f0\charscalex100 {La fase clnica tiene una duracin variable, }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {y puede alternarse con }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la fase tnica. El}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ictus generalmente
no dura ms de 1-2 minutos. }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La fase post-ictal se car
acteriza por una }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{lenta recuperacin del animal, que puede}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { durar minu
tos, horas}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, o incluso das.}\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-2
6\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {6}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Algunos animales pueden presentar}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100\i {crisis generalizadas leves}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { donde l
a conciencia se }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{mantiene. En este tipo de crisis el animal busca la cercana del propietario}{ }\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {(aura)}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, y}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rpidamente se pasa a una
fase clnica, de}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { las extremidades, de la cabeza y cue
llo.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El animal n
ormalmente se mantiene en dec}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bito esternal y puede p
resentar salivacin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {y/o vomitar. El animal se muestra conf}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {uso y busc
a al dueo, pero no pierde la }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {conciencia. Algn propietario come}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nta qu
e la duracin de la cr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {isis puede acortarse si el}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {animal viene confort
ado. El ictus normalment}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {e tiene una duracin de 1-10
minutos, y el}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {an
imal se presenta exhausto en el periodo post-ictal y en esta fase puede presenta
r}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {vmitos.}\par\pa
cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las}{ }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ausencias generalizadas o petit mal}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 { no son comunes en animales.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Se caracterizan por un breve periodo de p}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {rdida de contacto con el ambiente, sin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {actividad motora.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
13\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { En humanos se describen algunas vari}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aciones que incluyen }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un p
equeo componente}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
motor, como movimientos faciales , prdid}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a del tono p

ostural y ac}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tividad del sistema }\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nervioso autnomo.}\par\pard\li1040\
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Otro tipo de convulsin g
eneralizada es la}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {tnica.}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {Se reconoce principalmente en perros }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(Caniches, Dachshunds, Terriers}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {). Los animales pueden perder}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { o no la
conciencia. Este}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{tipo de convulsin se caracteriza por la presen}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cia
de una fase tnica que se manifiesta}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {con rigidez muscular generalizada si}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {n la presencia de una fase clnica.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(22)}\par\par
f0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \*\tx5573\*\tx6546\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {Unas convulsiones menos comunes son las}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {c
lnicas.}\i0 \tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Consisten en una contraccin}\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rtmica de los msculos y sim
ula una convul}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sin generalizada sin el}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 { componente tnico.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Otro tipo de convulsin son las}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100\i {mioclnicas.}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Estas se caracterizan por
una improvisa}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {c
ontraccin de uno o ms grupos musculares.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(23)}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Este tipo de convulsin se
ha asociado co}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n la enfermedad de Lafora (epilpsia}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mioclnica), una en
fermedad de almacenamiento que ocurre en Basset Hounds de edad}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {avanzada.}\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl
\charscalex100 {7}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Por ltimo en las convulsiones }\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {generalizadas reconocemos las}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{atnicas}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, que consisten}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en una improvisa y breve prdida del tono
muscular.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Convulsi
ones Focales o Parciales}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p

\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En las convulsiones focales o parciales lo}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {s signos clnicos iniciales indican una }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {actividad neuronal anormal en una re}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gin de un hemisferio cerebral. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
26\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En las}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {c
onvulsiones parciales o focales}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cualquier reg
in del cuerpo del animal puede ser}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {involucrada, dependiendo de }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la zo
na cerebral afectada.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Las convulsiones parciales se dividen en}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {
convulsiones parciales si}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {mples, convulsiones}
\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {parciales
complejas, y conv}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ulsiones parciales con gene}
\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ralizacin secundaria. }\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri
\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \*\tx1840\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En las}\tab \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {convulsiones parciales simples}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 { no se produce prdida de conciencia y se }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\sl
mult0 \*\tx3053\*\tx3493\*\tx4666\*\tx5160\*\tx6480\*\tx7520\*\tx8533\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {caracterizan por}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la}\tab \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {comparsa}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de}\tab \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {fe}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nmenos}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {motores}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {focales,}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {sensitivos,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {somatosensoriales, autonmos, y/o psquicos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(
21)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {No son frecu
entes en perros y gatos y normalmente predominan signos motores}\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {asimtricos o sensitivos.}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Podemos reconocer contra
cciones rtmicas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {del los msculos faciales o mandibular
es,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {contraccione
s tnicas o clnicas de una extrem}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {idad y lamido o mordi
squeo insistente de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {una regin del cuerpo, o en el}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { aire (\uc1\u8220Xf
ly-bitting\uc1\u8221X).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Los signos autonmicos como vmito o di}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {arrea pu
eden ser causados por descargas}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {anmalas en el sistema lmbico o en el hipotlamo.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {(24)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {En las}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {convulsione parciales complejas
}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {o convulsiones psicomotoras}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {hay prdida de }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {conciencia, difcil de recono}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cer, y
podemos apreciar con fr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ecuencia unas alteraciones}
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {comportamentales
como ladridos, activ}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {idades involuntarias como lami
dos y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {comportami
entos agresivos no provocados o miedo no controlado.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{(25)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El comport
amiento agresivo se describe con }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {frecuencia en los
ga}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tos con este tipo de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {crisis y est descrito en las enfe}\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {rmedades de almacenamiento lisosomal.}{ }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {(66)}\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li52
\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8}\par\pard\sect\sec
td\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Una convulsin parcial puede permanecer loca}\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lizada en una determ}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inada rea
cerebral o }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {difu
ndir a otras reas cerebrales contiguas. Si}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { estas reas
cerebrales}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { contiguas controlan}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx5040\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la conciencia podemos habl
ar de una}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {convulsin parcial simple}\i0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 { que evoluciona a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {convulsin parcial compleja}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(7)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {Si esta convulsin parcial difunde directamente desde el}{ }\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {focus}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a los dos
hemisferios}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cere
brales podemos hablar de}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {convulsin parcial con }
\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {generalizacin secundaria}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
s18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Clasifi
cacin etiolgica de las convulsiones.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las causas que pueden provocar la alteracin }\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {del ambiente neuronal que comporta la }\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {generacin de una crisis convulsi}
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {va son numerosas y diversas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Existen tres tipos diferentes de clasi
ficacin etiolgica de las crisis, que se}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {complementan o pueden utilizarse inde}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {pendientemente la una de la otra.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*
\tx9333\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La primera clasificacin se basa en es}\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {tablecer si el origen de las convulsiones}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {es}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {extracraneal o intracraneal.}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {La segunda implica la}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { utilizac
in del}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {VITAMIN D,}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ donde cada letra se refiere a una }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {categora etiolgica como res}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pon
sable de las convulsiones.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {La ltima utiliza las iniciales PES (\uc1\u8220Xprim}\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {ary epileptic seizures\uc1\u8221X), SES (\uc1\u8220Xsecondary}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {epileptic seizures\uc1\u
8221X) y RES (\uc1\u8220Xreactive epileptic seizures\uc1\u8221X). Las PES estaran
}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {representadas

por las idiomticas. Las SES seran todas aquellas causas de alteracin}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {estructural como las vasculare
s, inflamat}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {orias-infecciosas, anomalas congnitas y}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {neoplsicas. Las RES
se refieren a las causas metablicas.}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(67)}\par\pard\
li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b \i {Origen extr
acraneal o intracraneal de las convulsiones.}\b0 \i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213
ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Segn esta clasificacin las causas d
e la}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s convulsiones pueden ser provocadas por}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {factores que se origi
nan externamente al cerebro (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {extracraneales}\i0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {) o por causas que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tienen una origen}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{intracraneal}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(Tabla 2).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cada uno de estos grupos se puede di
vidir en dos subcategoras.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {Las causas extracraneales se dividen en las }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {que tienen origen fuera del organismo y en}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {las que se originan en el interior }\fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {del organismo pero fuera del S.N.C.}\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-213\
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5226\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {9}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage
7;32768}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1586\shptop2933\shpright10866\shpbottom2946\shpfhdr0\shp
wr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2048\shpz1\shpbxpage\shpbypage
7;32768}}

{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10853\shptop2933\shpright10866\shpbottom2946\shpfhdr0\sh
pwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2049\shpz2\shpbxpage\shpbypage
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}
7;32768}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1626\shptop13426\shpright10520\shpbottom13440\shpfhdr0\s
hpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2066\shpz20\shpbxpage\shpbypage
7;32768}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10520\shptop13426\shpright10520\shpbottom13440\shpfhdr0\
shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2067\shpz21\shpbxpage\shpbypage
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn13
3\margtsxn666\margbsxn173\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las causas intracran
eales se pueden di}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {vidir en progresivas y no-progres
ivas.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(26)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(foto 1).}\pa
s18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-320\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 2}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { :
}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Origen extracraneal o intrac}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100\i {raneal de las convulsiones.}\i0 \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pg
wsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw5986\colsr-0\coln
o2\colw5106\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-373\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Causas Extracraneales}\b0 \par\column\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\b {
Causas Intracraneales}\b0 \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknon
e\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw6706\colsr-0\
colno2\colw4386\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Origen fuera del organismo (p.ej.: Causas toxcas).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Origen en el organismo }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {(p.ej.: Enf. Metabolicas). }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b \i {
Clasificacin de las convulsiones con el VITAMIN D.}\b0 \i0 \par\column\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Progresivas (p.ej.neoplasia }\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o infecciones).}\par
\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 { No-Progresivas (p.ej.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {Epilepsia).}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn
16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Este tipo de clasificacin
etiolgica utili}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {za el VITAMIN D donde cada una de las
letras}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de la pa
labra se refiere a una categora et}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {iolgica que incluy
e t}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {odas las posibles causas}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de las convulsiones y su diagnos}\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tico diferencial. (Tabla 3).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 3 :}\b0 { }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Clasificacin de las convulsiones (VITAMIN D).}\i0 \par\pa
rd\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols3\coln
o1\colw4573\colsr-0\colno2\colw2840\colsr-0\colno3\colw3680\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-2
13\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00\i {
Categoras}\i0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Etiologa}\i0 \par

\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Enfermedades}\i0 \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn
11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols4\colno1\colw1933\colsr-0\colno2\c
olw1720\colsr-0\colno3\colw2693\colsr-0\colno4\colw4746\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-293\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(V)}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
13\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(I)}\b0 \par\column\pard\li40\ri0\sl-29
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Vasculares}\b0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Infecciosas }\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\
ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Infartos espontneos o}\i0 \par\p
ard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {hemorragias.}\i0 \par\p
0\charscalex100\i {Vricas}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\i {Bacterianas}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100\i {Micticas}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00\i {Protozoarias}\i0 \par\pard\li1506\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
1506\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1506\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {10}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Encefalopata isqumica felina.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(27)}\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Moquillo; Rabia; PIF; FELV
}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(28)}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {Todas.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Criptococcosis.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Toxoplasmosis.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\
margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

3\margtsxn666\margbsxn173\cols3\colno1\colw3653\colsr-0\colno2\colw2693\colsr-0\
colno3\colw4746\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {
Inflamatorias}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0
harscalex100\i {Rickettiosis}\i0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ehrlichiosis.
}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Meningoencefalitis granulomatosa.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-2
80\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Polioencefalomielitis felina.}\fs16\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {(27)}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\margl
sxn666\margrsxn133\cols4\colno1\colw1893\colsr-0\colno2\colw1760\colsr-0\colno3\
colw2693\colsr-0\colno4\colw4746\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(T)}\b0 \par\column\p
0\charscalex100\b {Toxicas }\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Metales pesados
}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Insecticidas
}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Pesticidas}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
s18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Otros}\i0
\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Plomo.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Organofosforados; Carbamatos;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Organoclorados.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Metaldehido; Estricnina;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Crimidina.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Etilenglicol; Metronidazol;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Caffeina; Teobromina; Plantas.}\fs16\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {(29)}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn66
6\margrsxn133\cols4\colno1\colw3653\colsr-0\colno2\colw2693\colsr-0\colno3\colw2
653\colsr-0\colno4\colw2093\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {
Traumatismo
s}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
0\sl-466\slmult0 \*\tx1906\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(A)}\b0 \tab \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\b {Anomalas }\b0 \par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\b {congnitas}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Agudos }\par\pard
harscalex100 {Crnicos}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
ard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lissencefalias.}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Porencefalias}\par\c
olumn\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
8\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Hidroc
efalias.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrs
xn133\cols3\colno1\colw3653\colsr-0\colno2\colw2693\colsr-0\colno3\colw4746\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(M)
Metablicas}\
b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hipoglu
cemia}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri
0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\par
d\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hipocalcemia}\i0 \par\par
d\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100\i {Hipecalemia}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hipoxia }\i0
\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hiperlipoprot
einemia}\i0 { }\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(33)}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hiperte
rmia}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Enfermedades renales}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {Enfermedades hepticas}\i0 \par\pard\li1506\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
\cf0\par\pard\li1506\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1506\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1506\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {11
}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Infestacin p
arasitaria y dieta}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
inadecuada (cachorros);}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {Predisposicin de raza : Caniches y}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {Malteses; razas de caza.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(30)}\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Insulinomas}{ }\fs16\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(31)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-28
0\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Hipoadrenocorticismo;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Hipopituitarismo; Pancreatitis}\par\par
d\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aguda; Sepsis.}\par\pard\li
d\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lactacin}{ }\fs16\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {(32)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {; Hipoparatiroidismo;}\par\pard\li0
\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pancreatitis aguda.}\par\pard\li
d\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Hypoadrecocorticismo;}\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Corticosteroides.}\par\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Anemia; enfermedades
pulmonares}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y cardia
cas}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\s
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Enc
efalopata urmica.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(34)}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Encefalo
pata heptica; Shunt}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {p
ortosistemicoy microdisplasia}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {vascular.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\margls
xn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn173\col
s3\colno1\colw3653\colsr-0\colno2\colw2693\colsr-0\colno3\colw4746\pard\li1040\r
f0\f0\charscalex100\b {(I)
Idiopticas}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx1853\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(N)}\b0 \tab \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100\b {Nutricionales}\b0 \par\pard\li1853\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\par\pard\li1853\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1853\ri0\sl-400\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Neoplasias}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-21
3\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{Genticas}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Des
conocidas}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri
0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Tumores primarios y}\i0 \par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {metastticos.}\i0 \par\colum
n\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Epilepsia idioptica.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Deficiencia de Tiamina (gatos);}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Alergias alimentarias.}\fs16\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {(35)}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn6
66\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw6346\colsr-0\colno2\colw4746\pard\li1040\ri0\sl293\slmult0 \*\tx3653\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(D)
Degenerativas}\b0 \
tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Enfermedades de}\i0 \par\pard\li3653\ri0\sl-26
6\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {almacenamiento}\i0 \par\pard\li3653\ri0\
sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {lisososmal}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\
alex100\b {Aproximacin al diagnostico }\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lpidos; glicoproteinas.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkno
ne\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Una a
namnesis completa , un examen fsico }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y neurolgico y u
na serie de pruebas }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {laboratoriales bsicas ( hemograma, bi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {oqumica y
urianalisis completos) son }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {fundamentales cuando nos enfrentamos }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {

a un animal que ha tenido una crisis}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsiva.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b \i {Datos del paciente.}\b0 \i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0
li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Especie }\b0 \par\pard\
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La epilepsia idi
optica es rara en gatos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (36)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Raza (Tabla 4)}\b0 \par\pa
cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Algunas razas
tienen una mayor predisposici}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n a sufrir convulsione
s pero una mayor}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{incidencia de convulsiones en determinadas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {razas p
uede ser debido a la mayor presencia}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {de estas razas en la poblacin total canina.}\fs16\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {(37)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(3
8)}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmu
l-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {12}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn
11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
\li1040\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 4 :}\b0 { }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {predisposicin de raza.}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{Epilepsia generalizada primaria (Idioptica)}\b0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Factore
s genticos heredtitarios: }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {-Beagle, Pastor Alemn, Tervuren, Collie, Keeshonds.}\fs16\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {(21)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(36)
,}{ }\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(33) }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Elevada incidenc
ia: }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-Golden Re
triever, Setter Irlandes, San Bern}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ardo, Cocker Span
iel, Labrador
}\par\pard\li1733\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 { Retriever, Alaskan Malamute, Siberi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {an Husky,
Miniature Schnauzer, Poodles.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\b {Epilepsia Secundaria}\b0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Leucodistrofia

: Cairn Terrier}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, West Highland White Terrier}\par\p
ard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 { Lipodistrofia: Setter Ingles.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Hidroc
efalo: Pekines, Yorkshire Te}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rrier, Chihuahua, Pinsc
her, Caniche.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\u
c1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Tumores cerebrales: Boxer, Boston Terrier
.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Lissencefalia: Lhassa apso.}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-2
93\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Shunt Portosistmico y Hiperlipopr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {oteinemia: Schnauze
r miniatura.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\s
5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {13}\par\
pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;6;(0,0);(2506,0);(2506,13);(0,13);(0,0);(0,0);}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;14;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Sexo}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las convulsiones en los perros
y en los gatos normalmente no demuestran una}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult
0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {predileccin de sexo. Todava algn estudio }\fs22\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {comenta la posibilidad que los machos}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
13\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {estn ms afectados que las hembras.}\fs14\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {(39)}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { En los perros Beagles se}
\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { ha descrito}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { una mayor}
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {incidencia de Ep
ilepsia idioptica en los machos (5:1) respecto a las hembras. En las}\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hembras durante el estro el
umbral de las convu}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lsiones puede disminuir y se ha
descrito }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un a
umento de severidad y frecuencia }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de las crisis dura
nte este periodo.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(40)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Se ha }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {observado
mayor incidencia de meningiomas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {intracraneales en
hembras debido a que}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {dichos tumores presentan receptores para estrgenos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Los adecarcinomas mamarios y prostticos p
ueden metastatizar al encfalo y ser causa}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de convulsiones.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Edad}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\s

1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La edad de la primera crisis
es importante. En general, animales con epilepsia idioptica}\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o predisposicin gentica presentan el p
rimer}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { ataque entre los 6 meses y los 5 aos de }\par\
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {edad .}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las crisis que ocurren antes d
e los 6 meses o despus de los 5 aos son generalmente}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {provocadas por causas secundarias.}\par\pard\
li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En las razas grandes , la
primera crisis pue}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de aparecer antes ( 18-24 meses)
respecto a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {las r
azas pequeas. (4-5 aos).}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(41)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En los animales jvenes las causas de las
crisis son generalmente infecciosas o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {congnitas; en los viejos son ms frecuentes }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {causas adquiridas como neoplasias (Tabla}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{Tabla 5* :}\b0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Causas de convulsiones en}\i0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i { base a la edad de aparicin.}\i0 \par\pard\sect\sec
td\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols5\colno1\colw3200
\colsr-0\colno2\colw1960\colsr-0\colno3\colw266\colsr-0\colno4\colw2693\colsr-0\
colno5\colw2973\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Causas}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0\b {Menor de 6 meses}\b0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100\b {de edad}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {14}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Entre 6 meses y 5 aos
}\b0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {de edad.}\b0
\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Mayor de 5 aos de}\b0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {edad}\b0 \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsx
n11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;16;(1626,66);(93,66);(93,66);(93,66);(93,53);(93,53);
(1626,53);(1640,53);(1640,66);(1640,66);(1626,66);(120,120);(0,66);(120,0);(1626
,66);(1626,66);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;16;(13,53);(1613,53);(1613,53);(1613,66);(1613,66);(1
613,66);(13,66);(0,66);(0,66);(0,53);(13,53);(1586,0);(1706,66);(1586,120);(13,5
3);(13,53);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}
(1626,53);(1640,53);(1640,66);(1640,66);(1626,66);(120,120);(0,66);(120,0);(1626
,66);(1626,66);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}
613,66);(13,66);(0,66);(0,66);(0,53);(13,53);(1586,0);(1706,66);(1586,120);(13,5
3);(13,53);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
613,66);(13,66);(0,66);(0,66);(0,53);(13,53);(1586,0);(1706,66);(1586,120);(13,5
3);(13,53);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}

(1626,53);(1640,53);(1640,66);(1640,66);(1626,66);(120,120);(0,66);(120,0);(1626
,66);(1626,66);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}
3\margtsxn666\margbsxn173\cols4\colno1\colw3200\colsr-0\colno2\colw2226\colsr-0\
colno3\colw2693\colsr-0\colno4\colw2973\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Dege
nerativas}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\b {Anomalas }\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\b {congnitas}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\b {Metablicas}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Neoplsicas}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Infecciosas
/}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Inflama
torias}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
0\f0\charscalex100\b {Nutricionales}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Enferm
edades de}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {almacenam
iento}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lisososomal}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Hidrocefalias;}\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lissencefalias.}\par\par

d\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Porencefalias.}\par\pard\li
0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {Hipoglucemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Encefalopatia}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{heptica; Shunt}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {port
osistemico,}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {microdi
splasia}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {vascular.}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
s18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-21
3\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0
harscalex100 {Deficiencia de}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {Tiamina}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0
\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Hidrocefalias;}\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lissencefalias.}\par\par
d\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Porencefalias.}\par\pard\li
0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {Hipoglucemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Encefalopatia heptica;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {Hipocalcemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {Hipercalemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {H
iperlipoproteinemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{Encefalopatia urmica.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Tumores primarios y}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {metastticos.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {Vricas:}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Moquillo; Rabia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {PIF.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Bacteria
nas :}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Todas}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Micticas:
}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Criptococcosis
.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Protozoos:}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Toxoplasmosis.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Rickettsiosis: }\
i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ehrlichiosis.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
s18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Meningoencefalitis }\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {granulomatosa;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Polioencef

alomielitis}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {felina.
}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\s
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-2
13\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\
ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {Hipoglucemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Encefalopatia heptica;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {Hipocalcemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Hiperkalemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{Hiperlipoproteinemia;}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {Encefalopatia urmica.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {Tumores primarios y}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {metastticos.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marg
lsxn666\margrsxn133\cols3\colno1\colw5426\colsr-0\colno2\colw2213\colsr-0\colno3
\colw3453\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Traumatic
as}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Vasculares }\b0 \par\column\pard\li800\ri0
\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {craneal}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Infar
tos espontneos o}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hem
orragias.}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tr
auma}\par\pard\li480\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li480\ri0\sl-346\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Infartos espontneos o}\par\pard\li480\ri0\sl-280\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hemorragias.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pg
wsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols3\colno1\colw5160\colsr-0\coln
o2\colw266\colsr-0\colno3\colw5666\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\b {Toxicas}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
8\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {15}\par\column
\pard\li2160\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Plomo,}\par\pard\li0
\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Organofosforados, etc.}\par\pard
\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\se
ctd\sbkpage
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
824;24577;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}
(1626,53);(1640,53);(1640,66);(1640,66);(1626,66);(120,120);(0,66);(120,0);(1626
,66);(1626,66);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}

613,66);(13,66);(0,66);(0,66);(0,53);(13,53);(1586,0);(1706,66);(1586,120);(13,5
3);(13,53);}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;24577;32768}}
3\margtsxn666\margbsxn173\cols2\colno1\colw6373\colsr-0\colno2\colw4720\pard\li1
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Geneticas}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \*\tx1240\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {idioptica}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Epilepsia}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sb
knone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {*
Tabla modificada de : LeCouter, R.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures an
d Epilepsy}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In Wheeler, S.J. ed.}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Manual of Small Animal Neurolo
gy, 1995.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-2

\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {16}\par\pard\sec
t\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\
sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
\charscalex100\b {Historia y descripcin de las crisis }\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La anamnesis remota y recien
te de la vida del animal as como una descripcin precisa}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de la primera crisis es muy important}\fs2
2\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {e para aproximarse al diagnostico. Muy}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {importantes son la descripcin del
ambiente }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de vida , del estado nutricional, de los}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {eventuales trauma
s y del estado inmunitario de}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l animal. La edad de
la primera crisis, el }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {tipo y la frecuencia de los ataques y todos los datos sobre los cambios}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {comportamentales
y los signos neurolgicos antes,}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { durante el ictus y e
n la fase post-ictal }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {son de importancia fundamental}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { para establece
r un diagnstico.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\b {Exploracin fsica y neurolgica}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En todos los animales que presentan una his
t}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {oria de convulsiones se}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ tiene que realizar}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {una extensa exploraci}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n fsica y neurolgica}\par\p
\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Exploracin
fsica}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-21

0 {Tenemos que prestar atencin a : }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Examen de
l sistema cardio-vascular : an}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {omalas cardiacas o re}
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {spiratoria}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s pueden}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {provocar un sncope o
una de}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bilidad transitoria que el }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {dueo puede interpretar como}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsin.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Examen del si
stema msculo-esqueltico : se}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { tiene que realizar una a
tenta palpacin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de
los huesos y msculos para evidenciar }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {eventuales tra
umas o atrofias. Una atenta}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {palpacin del crneo y la determinacin }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de s
u tamao y forma es importante para }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {detectar anomalas asociadas a traumas, tumores o defectos congn
itos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Examen del sistema ocular : podemos det
ectar}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { corioretinitis causadas por infecciones }\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {del sistema nervios
o central.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li51
\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {17}\par\pard\sect\se
ctd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Un papilledema puede desarrollarse por un aumento
de la presin intracraneal o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {presentarse en animales con hidrocfal}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o a
dquirido o congnito, neoplasias, o}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {infecciones del SNC o causas traumticas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Exploracin neurolgica}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213
ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La exploracin neurolgica }\fs22\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {es un paso fundamental en }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un ani
mal con historia de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {convulsiones. Los animales con epilepsia}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { idiopa
tica presentan una exploracin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\ch

arscalex100 {neurolgica normal en el peri}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {odo inter-i
ctal, mientras anim}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ales con crisis convulsivas}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {debidas a causas tox
ica, metablicas, neoplsicas o inflamatorias pueden presentar una }\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {exploracin neurolgica anormal }\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en el periodo entre las crisis.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cuando posible, se tiene que realizar e
xplor}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {acin neurolgica en el periodo entre las}\par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {crisis y no debe realiz
arse el examen durante}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { la fase post-ictal, pues pue
de llevarnos a}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {i
nterpretaciones erroneas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
0\f0\charscalex100\b {Pruebas de laboratorio}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La evaluacin diagnostica debe incluir
una}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { serie de pruebas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l
aboratoriales: }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\r
scalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Hemograma completo.}\par\par
f0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Serologia : Felv, FIV, PIF, etc.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0
li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 { Panel bioqumico completo : glucosa, albmina, protenas totales, BUN,
creatinina,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ALT,
AST, fosfatasa alcalina, amoni}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o, calcio, colestero
l, triglicridos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri
calex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Determinacin de la Acetilcolin
esterasa (AChE).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\r
scalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Determinacin de eventuales txi
cos (ej. plomo)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri
calex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Urianlisis.}\par\pard\li5160\r
f0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {18}\par\pard\s
ect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En animales jvenes pueden ser necesarias }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {pruebas de funcionali}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dad heptica
(cidos}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {biliares

en ayunas y post-pandriales pa}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ra descartar un shunt
-portosistmico.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {A
nomalas electrolticas (excep}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {to el calcio) y /o del eq
ui}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {librio cido-base raramente}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {provocan convulsiones en los perros.}\p
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Pruebas adicionales}\
b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Est
as pruebas son necesarias cuando las convu}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lsiones n
o se controlan con el tratamiento}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {inicial o cuando sospechamos lesiones }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {en el sistema nervioso central.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {Estas comprenden : }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{Anlisis del Liquido cefalorraqudeo (LCR) :}\i0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-426\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-determinacin de la presin intracraneal.}\par\pard\l
i1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-color.}\par\pard\li1746\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-celularidad ( nmero y tipos de}\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { clulas presentes)(foto 2)}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-concentracin proteica (Test }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {de Pandy o tira de orina).}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-concentracin de glucosa.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmul
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00\i {Radiodiagnstico:}\i0 \par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {-RX : radiografas craneales en caso de}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { tra
uma craneal (foto 3) o tumores}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {mineralizados intracraneales (p.e, me}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ningiomas); radiografas torcicas y}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {abdominales para identificar enferm}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {edades metablicas, neoplsicas o}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {infecciosas. }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-Ecografas: para diagnstico de hidro}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {cfalo (foto 4) ( en caso de fontanelas }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {abiertas, para determinar el volumen de lo}\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s ventrculos laterales;}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { si las
fontanelas }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {son
pequeas o estn cerradas se puede hacer una ecografa a travs del hueso}\par\pard\li1
746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {temporal); ecografas torcicas y
abdomin}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ales para identificar enfermedades}\par\par
d\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {metablicas, neoplsicas o i
nfecciosas.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl
s18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {19}\par\p
ard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst

\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {-TAC y Resonancia Magntica : para confirmar lesion
es que ocupan espacio o}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {importantes lesiones inflamatoria}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s o vascul
ares (fotos 5 y 6).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li104
harscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i { Electroencefalografa}\i0
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Esta tcnica se p
uede utilizar en la di}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {agnosis de malformaciones con
gnitas como }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hidr
ocfalo o lissencefalo }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y para diagnosticar enfe}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rmedades inflamatorias.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (42)
, (43)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El regist
ro electroencefalogrfico durante la fase inter-ictal ha permitido estandarizar}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cuadros tpicos de e
pilepsia idioptica y se puede utilizar como test en animales con }\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx4146\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {epilepsia idioptica su
bclnica}\tab \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.(44), (6)}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Algunos tipos de epilepsia presentan trazados }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {caractersticos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (45)}
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Diagnstico diferenci
al}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{La primera cosa que el cln}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ico tiene que hacer, cuan
do se}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { enfrenta a un animal que }\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {presenta crisis convulsivas, es}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { asegurarse de la naturaleza}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ epileptiforme de las mismas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {Existen diferentes patologas que presenta}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {n signos clnicos que simulan una crisis }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsiva pero son de naturaleza diferente.}\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Este tipo de informacin es importante }\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {porqu, sobretodo los dueos de los ani
males , a veces confunden una convulsin con}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {otra patologa diferente.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las patologas que pueden simular una convulsin
son :}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226
X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Sncope;}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Narcolepsia;}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 { Enfermedad vestibular. }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
00\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Adems existen otras anomalas clnicas no tan
frecuentes pero que tambin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {pueden imitar ciertos tipos de epilepsia: }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{miastenia gravis fulminante, movimientos}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {anormales durante el sueo, estere}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {otpias, disquinesias, dolor.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0

\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El sncope se caracteriza por }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {una repentina perdida de conciencia e hipotona muscular,}\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {causada por una insuficiencia agu
da en la}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { circulacin cerebral}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 { o por hipoglucemia.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(46) }\par\pard\li5160\ri0
\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {20}\par\pard\sec
t\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
\charscalex100 {La narcolepsia se presenta con crisis similares al sueo y a veces
se asocia a catalepsia, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {que es una repentina prdida del tono muscular e inhibicin de la motilida
d voluntaria. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {E
l animal cae al suelo, sin prdida de c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {onciencia y no
presenta }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {actividad del sistema}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nervioso autnomo, como salivacin, def
ecacin y miccin.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {L
a catalepsia se asocia a estados emotivos como la presentacin de la comida o}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {paseo.}\fs16\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {(40)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li104
harscalex100 {La enfermedad vestibular idioptica se pres}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {enta como un sndrome }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {vestibular agudo: el}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {animal presenta desvia
cin de la cabeza haci}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a el lado afectado (\uc1\u8220X
h}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ead tilt\uc1\u8221X), nistagmo }\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {horizontal o rotatorio, ataxia asi
mtrica.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El animal
cae al suelo por p}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rdida del equilibrio y el anim}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {al puede mostrarse confuso,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cosa que puede confundir al pr}\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {opietario en la descripcin de la crisis. El animal no }\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {presenta en ningn caso prdi
da de conciencia.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(47)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Estado Epilptico (EE) y convulsion
es en racha (\uc1\u8220Xcluster seizures\uc1\u8221X)}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El EE se define como dos o ms convul}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {siones seguidas sin recuperacin de la}\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {consciencia entre dichas convulsio

nes. Ta}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mbin se define como una convulsin que}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dura ms de 10 minutos. La
s convulsiones en }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {racha son dos o ms convulsiones en
un}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {periodo de 2
4 h en las que el an}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {imal recupera la conciencia.}\p
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El estad
o epilptico y las c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {onvulsiones en racha se tien}\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en que considerar como}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {situaciones de emergencia mdica que requie}\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {ren una terapia inmediata y agresiva para}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {evitar secuelas neurolgicas perman
ente}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s o incluso la muerte del paciente.}\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El tratamiento medico del E
E comporta el}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { inmediato control de las convulsiones
as}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {como el trata
miento de los efectos sistmicos generados por las mismas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Basndose en la historia clnica del pacien
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {te, los animales con EE pueden dividirse en}\par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dos grupos : animales c
on histor}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ia de epilepsia primaria y animales en los
cuales el EE }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s
e presenta como primer evento convulsivo.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En los animales del primer grupo el EE puede
ocurrir en cualquier momento debido a la }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {misma enfermedad o por factores como cambios }\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {en la dosis del trat}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {amiento,
ineficacia }\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\s
5160\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {21}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkp
age{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
\charscalex100 {o toxicidad de los medicamentos, infecciones (fiebre), etc. Es r
aro que una epilepsia}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {idioptica se presente en su }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { primer evento com
o EE. Generalmente el EE en animales }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {con epilepsia primaria suele aparecer si no se}\fs22\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 { trata a partir del te}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rcer ataque
y segn}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {estudios
recientes la epilepsia idiopti}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ca puede ser causa de
muchos de los EE.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(71) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\

i0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En los animales del segundo grupo
el EE pu}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ede desarrollarse por trauma cerebral,}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tumores cerebrales,
infecciones intracra}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {neales o problemas metablicos ag
udos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El EE se p
uede clasificar en EE no-convul}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sivo (limitado a una
parcial actividad}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {convulsiva) y EE convulsivo (la fo}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rma ms comn y dr
amtica en los animales es el EE}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {convulsivo o EE tnico-clnico).}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(48) }\p
cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Fisiopatologa del EE}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmu
l-400\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El EE es una anomala del SNC, pero en t
odos los rganos del animal se producen}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cambios fisiopatolgicos agudos. Estos cambios}\fs22\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 { incluyen alteracion}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es de la presin}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {arterial sistmica,
acidosis, hi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pertermia, leucocitosis y alte}\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {raciones cardiorrespiratorias. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En el SNC se producen fallos en los m}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ecanismos que detienen las convulsiones que }\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {reaparecen antes que exista
una recupe}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {racin completa de las alteraciones}\par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fisiopatolgicas de la fu
ncin cerebr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {al, provocadas por la ultima crisis.}{ }\
fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(49)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Muchas neuronas cerebrales normales presentan una acti
vidad de excitacin intrnseca, }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {y es el balance entre excita}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cin y inhi
bicin neuronal que ll}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ega a ser fundamental para}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {el no desarrollo de
una convulsin.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Un
a excitacin sincrnica de determinadas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {poblaciones neu
ronales es la responsable}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {final de la convulsin.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(4)}\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las causas moleculares implican
una destrucc}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in de la funcin de los receptores }\par\
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {GABArgicos (inhibitori
os) que ocurren c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {onforme la convulsin se va prolonga
ndo.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\sl
li5160\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {22}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sb
kpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst

\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La elevada demanda metablica neuronal duran}\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {te las crisis (400-600% de lo normal),}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {exacerbada por la exitotoxicidad me
diada por }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {el glutamato, permite la entrada masiva}\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de elevadas conce
ntraciones de calcio }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en las neuronas y pueden provo
car muerte}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {celul
ar.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(50)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Desde un punto de vista fisiopatolgico el EE }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s
e puede dividir en dos fases : una fase}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {compensatoria y una fase descompensatoria.}\par\pard\li1
040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Durante la fase compensatoria
(los pr}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {imeros 30-60 minutos) el cerebro intenta}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {compensar la aumen
tada demanda metablica }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de oxgeno y glucosa }\fs22\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {aumentando el flujo}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs22
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sanguneo. En estas primeras fases las manife}\fs22\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {staciones sistmicas in}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cluyen taquicar
dia,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hipertensin
e hiperglucemia. Un aumento }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de las catecolaminas ci
rculantes provoca una}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {descarga simptica autnoma, que es clnicam}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ente ex
presada con hi}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {perpyrexia, excesiva}\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {secrecin bronquial, vmito y saliva
cin.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La excesiva
actividad muscular y las alte}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {raciones de la ventil}
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {acin contribuyen a }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aumentar la temperatura corporal, as como}\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 { provocan acidosis lctica, hipercalemia,}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hipoxia e hipercapnia.}\fs16\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {(51)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {La fase descompensatoria (despus 30-60 mi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n de a
ctividad convulsiva continua) el}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {paciente puede presentar hi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {potensin
, hipoglucemia, y hipoxia. El sistema regulador }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {empieza a no responder a la continua y exce}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {siva demanda energtica por parte del}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cerebro. Una vez que la auto-regula
cin cere}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bral falla, el flujo sanguneo cerebral}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {depende del la presin s
angu}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nea sistmica, hecho que pr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {ovoca una hipotensin cerebral}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {con isquemia y muerte neuronal.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En esta fase se desarrollan}\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 { hipoxia cerebral y sistmica,}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { hipertensin
pulmonar, edema }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{cerebral y pulmonar, arritmias cardiacas e insuficiencia renal aguda especialme
nte en}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {presencia
de productos de degradac}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in muscular con hipercalemi
a.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Un paciente e

n esta ltima fase puede acabar en una coagulacin intravascular}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {diseminada si no nos anticipamos en
el tratamiento del EE que debemos considerar un}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {problema sistmico y no slo cerebral.}\par\pard\li
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tratamiento anti
convulsivante hospitalario}\b0 \par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
calex100 {23}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El tratamiento anticonvulsivante ho
spitala}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rio est indicado en perros y gatos con}\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {convulsiones graves, c
onvulsiones en rachas }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o en caso de estado epilptico.
En este}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {apartad
o se aborda el tratamiento de emer}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gencia sea la cau
sa que sea la que est }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {provocando el EE. No nos referimos al trat}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ami
ento a largo plazo con antiepilpticos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\

lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Es muy importante remarcar la necesidad de}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { cesar la actividad convulsiva del animal }\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pero no podemos olvidar el pro
tocolo de ur}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gencia por excelencia }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {(ABC); sobre todo los}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {animales en EE presentan hipersalivacin, se}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {creciones bronquiales, vmitos que pueden }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {obstruir las vias respiratorias.}\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 { Por lo tanto siempre vamos a limpiar de secreciones las }\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {vias aereas y a intuba
r a estos animales. La}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { administracin de oxgeno estar i
ndicada}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {siempre
en estos casos e incluso la ventilacin asistida. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tambin es de vital importancia la correcc}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in de los desequilibrios electrolitos y el}\par\pard\li104
0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mantenimiento de una adecuada p
resin arte}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rial por lo que administraremos fluidos}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {siempre.}\par\pard
0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Tratamiento h
ospitalario de las co}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {nvulsiones : fase inici
al }\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-21
0 {Los objetivos de la terapia antiepilptica s}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {on la
reduccin en la frecuencia, severidad y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {duracin de las crisis.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(52)}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El diazepam (DZ) es
el frmaco ms comnmen}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {te utilizado en medicina veterina
ria para}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {el trat
amiento inicial de }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {las convulsiones.(Tabla 6)}\par\
8\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 6:}
\b0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Tratamiento inicial de}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\i { las convulsiones}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Inser
tar un catter intrav}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {enoso (si es posible).}\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2)}\tab \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {Administrar}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Diazepam}\b0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { I.V. (0.5-1.0 mg/kg. Max. 20 m}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {g.) o intrarectal (2mg/kg).}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {(Alternativamente : Clonazepam 0.05-0.2 mg/kg/IV o via IM se
utilizado con}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {di
azepam IV.)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {3)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si la actividad motora no se}\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 { controla en 3-5 min. repetir DZ en bolus IV. Max 3}\par\pard\
li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dosis.}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {Empezar diazepam infusin continua IV}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { para
prevenir otras convulsiones(0.5-1.0}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {24}\p
ar\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mg/kg/h)}\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {b)}\tab \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Si se controlan las convulsiones por un }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {periodo superior a las 4 h disminuir la}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {concentracin de la infusin de un 25% cada 4-6 horas
.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4)}\t
ab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Empezar}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {fenobarb
ital}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { IV/IM (2 mg/kg).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-4
13\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {Si las convulsiones}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {NO}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 { se controlan:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Protocolo Convulsion
es}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b { Refractarias o EE.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El DZ intravenoso produce
unas concentraciones }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {altas y transitorias en el su
ero y en el}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cere
bro. El efecto antiepilptico del di}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {azepam se obtien
e porqu aumenta los }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {mecanismos inhibitorios presinpticos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\
tx2813\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Debido a su pK}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a}\
tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bajo y su gran liposolubilidad, el }\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {DZ se distribuye con rapidez en}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tejidos grasos. La penetracin cerebral es }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {muy rpida (<10 seg. con niveles cerebrales}\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pico en alrededor de 6 min).}\fs
16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(53)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {El efecto antiepilptico del diazepam inicia }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {despus 2-3 minutos de la administracin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {intravenosa y mantiene los nive}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {les teraputicos en sangre y }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en el cerebro so
lo por 20}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {minuto
s, por lo cual pueden ser necesarias }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2-3 administra
ciones en diversos minutos}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {para controlar la actividad motora.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(54),
(55).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En perros
y gatos el frmaco se puede utilizar}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { por va intraven
osa(IV) o por va rectal.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Puede administrarse tambin por va intramuscu}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l
ar (IM), pero la capacidad de absorcin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es lenta e impredecible (30-60 min).}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {(56) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Est
udios recientes demuestran la posibilidad }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de utiliz
ar la va intranasal (IN) para la}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {administracin de frmacos antiepilpticos}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100

{ (sobretodo Midazolam y DZ) en perros y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gatos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(57)}\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 { Entre el 62% y el 73% de la dosis}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { de
DZ se elimina en la orina.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {Alternativamente se puede utilizar el Clona}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {zepam solo o en combinacin con el DZ. El}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Clonazepam es utilizado sobre todo para el tratamient
o crnico de la epilepsia; su}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {utilidad en las crisis a}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gudas es limita
do. Su eliminaci}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n se produce sobretodo por}\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {metabolismo heptico sin me
tabolitos activos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Para prevenir la recurrencia de las c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {onvulsiones
se pueden utilizar infusiones}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {intravenosas de DZ en Dextrosa al 5%.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si las convulsiones se controlan por un pe
riodo }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {superior a las 4 horas, su puede empezar}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la reduccin gradual d
e DZ y pensar de empezar un tratamiento de mantenimiento con}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fenobarbital.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si las convulsiones no se contro}\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lan se tienen que considerar}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ refractarias y requieren un}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {tratamiento ms agresivo. }\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {25}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Tratamiento hospitalario del EE y de las convul
siones refractarias}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
0 {Los objetivos principales del tratamiento de}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {l EE
son: 1) controla}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {r las convulsiones; 2)}\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {prevenir la recurrencia de
las convulsiones y }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3) poner atencin a los }\fs22\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {factores vitales del}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {paciente.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Un animal que ha tenido una convulsin }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {y no responde al tratamiento inicial }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {manifestando actividad motora importante o }\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {continua con una frecuencia de crisis}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inferior a 1 cada 2 horas, necesita un

trat}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {amiento farmacolgico ms agresivo y una}\par\pard\
li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {estricta monitorizacin de s
u estado vital.(Tabla 7)}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2
6}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 7:}\b0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100\i {Protocolo Convulsiones}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i { Refractar
ias o EE.}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {1)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Fenobarbital}\b0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 { IV bolus : 2-5 mg/kg. Se puede re}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {petir cada 20-30 min. hasta efecto.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs22
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Max 24 mg/kg en 24 horas. Utilizable tambin la va IM. (Para
alcanzar conc.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
teraputicas inmediat}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {as: 12-24mg/kg IV.). }\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2)}\tab \fs22\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 { Se controlan las convulsiones : Fenobarbit}\fs22\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {al de mantenimiento (2-4 mg/kg IV, IM)}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cada 6h para 24-48h. hasta iniciar }\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {terapia anticonvulsivante oral.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\s
lmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{NO}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { se controlan las convulsiones:}{ }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100\b {Pentobarbital}\b0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { IV bolus
: 2-5mg/kg (lentamente)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\*\tx2386\*
\tx2800\*\tx4186\*\tx5266\*\tx5866\*\tx7226\*\tx8240\*\tx8653\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {4)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Intubar}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {y}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {administrar}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {oxgeno}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {y/o}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ventilacin}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {asistida}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {y}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {controles}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {electrocardiogrficos (ECG).}\par\pard\li1040\
ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\b {NO}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { se controlan las convulsiones:
Pentobarbital}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { IV bolus: 2-5mg/kg (lentamente).}
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6)}\tab
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pentobarbital IV : 5mg/kg/h }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {en infusin continua . }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {7)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Anestesia por inhalacin
:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Isoflurano.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El primer paso en esta situacin es l
a admi}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nistracin de fenobarbital (FB) en bolus IV, y}
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {puede ser repeti
do cada 20-30 minutos hasta qu}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {e sea efectiva sin so
brepasar la dosis }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {mxima consentida. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {El fenobarbital acta disminuyendo la extens}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in
de la descarga convulsiva en las}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {neuronas, debido a un aumento de los efect}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {os inhibitorios de GABA a nivel de }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {membrana post-sinaptica, donde produce una}\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 { prolongada apertura del canal de Cl}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex
100 {}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { ,}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {produciendo una hiperpolarizacin de la membra}\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {na celular, lo que impide la transmisin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de la actividad epilptica. El frmaco pue}\fs24

\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de tardar 30 minutos en alcanzar niveles }\par\pard\li104
0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {efectivos en el SNC. Si deseamo
s alcanza}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {r rpidamente niveles teraputicos tenemos }\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {que administrar do
sis mucho ms altas.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(58) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El FB se puede administrar tambin por va IM}\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {; esta va es preferible si el animal ha}\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sido anteriormente tratado con
DZ; para evitar}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { problemas de depres}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {in respiratoria, se }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {aconseja la intubacin en estos animales.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Entre el 60% y el 80% del fenobarbital
es me}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tabolizado a nivel heptico, el restante se}\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {elimina directament
e por va renal. La vida}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { media del fenobarbital es de
96 horas, con}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {u
n rango de 46 a 136 horas.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(59)}\par\pard\li5160\ri0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {27}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si conseguimos controlar las convulsiones, }\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {el tratamiento farmacolgico comporta la}\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {utilizacin de FB a dosis de manteni
miento hasta a que el animal se encuentre en las}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {condiciones de tomar la me}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {dicacin por va oral (PO).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
{Si}{ }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {NO}\b0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { se cont
rolan las convulsiones, el paso si}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {guiente es la uti
li}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {zacin de pentobarbital}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(PB) en bolus IV hasta anestesiar al animal
, ya que este medicamento posee }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {propiedades anticonvulsivantes }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in
significantes. La administr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {acin tiene que ser lenta
y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {los precedente
s tratamientos con DZ y FB}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, pueden potenciar su}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { efecto. Intubacin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {traqueal y ventilacin asistida }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {son necesarias despus de la}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { administracin de PB
. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Estos pacien
tes representan un problema te}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {raputico y diagnstico.

Animales que no}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
respoden a FB y DZ, probablemente no ha}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n sido trata
dos adecuadamente con los }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {frmacos anticonvulsivantes o presentan pato}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{logas metablicas no tratadas o son}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {animales con tumores intracraneales. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El tiopental ha demostrado ser ms txico q
ue}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { el pentobarbital c}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o
n signos ms evidentes}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {de depresin del metabolismo miocrdico, }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {vasodilat
acin y reducci}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n de la perfusin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cardiaca.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(
60) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {En medicina
humana se utiliza }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {el propofol IV en dosis anes}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tsicas como tratamiento del }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {EE refractario. Se puede administrar en bol
us}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { IV o mediante infu}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s
in continua (0,1-0,6}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {mg/kg/min).}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(61),(62)(70).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si las convulsiones no se c
ontrolan el pronostico es muy grave.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {Podemos administrar otros bolus adicionales }\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {de PB y empezar una }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {infusin continua d
el}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mismo medicam
ento o recurrir a los anest}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sicos por va inhalato}\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ria.(Isoflurane) con}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ventilacin mecnica y una adecuada monitorizacin del pa
ciente.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\b {Estabilizacin y monitorizacin del animal con EE}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-21
\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Un animal que presenta EE o conv
ulsiones en rachas necesita una adecuado cuidado}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {intensivo con monitorizacin constante }\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {de las funciones vitales (Tabla 8).}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-2
\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {28}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 8:}\b0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Estabil
izacin y monitorizacin del animal con EE.}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
6\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Mantener abiertas las vas resp}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {iratorias y adminis
trar oxgeno.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {2)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Insertar un catter intravenoso ms rpidamen
te posible.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {3)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Administrar fluidos isotnicos de }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mantenimiento + cloruro de potasio.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {Obtener un muestra de sangre para perfil }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hem

atolgico y bioqumico completo y}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {para medir niveles de eventuales antiepilpticos. Si es posible reco
ger una muestra}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
de orina. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {5)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sospecha de hipoglucemia: Dextrosa 50%
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(2 mL/kg IV)+ Tiamina 25-50 mg/animal }\par\pard\li
1400\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {I.M. }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Sospecha de hipocalcemia: gluconato de calcio 10% (0,5-1 mL/kg IV).}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {7)}\tab \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Mantener la T corporal entre }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{38 y 40 C con enfriamiento pasivo.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx140
0\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Evaluar eventua
l presencia de edema cerebral.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {9)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Monitorizar otras ev
entuales}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { complicaciones sistmicas }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {(ECG, presin arterial,...)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {10)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Anamnesis completa.}\par
18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El primer
paso es asegurarse que las vas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {areas estn abiertas. Se
puede administrar}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {oxigeno al 100% mediante el uso de una ma}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {scarill
a de respirac}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in o un sistema de}\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {administracin intranasal (foto 7).}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La gasometra arteri
al puede revelarse til }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {para detectar eventual acidos
is metablica.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La
introduccin rpida de un ca}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tter intravenoso permitir la}
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { administracin de fluidos}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {isotnicos salinos de mantenimiento, suplem}\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {entados con cloruro de potasio, frmacos y}\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la correccin de los desequili
brios electroqumicos.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {El paso siguiente es la recogida de muestr}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {as d
e sangre para un examen hematolgico y}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {bioqumica completo; importante es considerar }\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {la medicin de frmacos antiepilpticos }\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\sl
alex100 {29}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}

\charscalex100 {en animales tratados. Si es posible r}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{ecoger tambin una muestra de orina para}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs
22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {urianalisis. No se tendra que administrar gl}\fs22\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {ucosa ,calcio o potasio hasta la obtencin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de la muestra de sangre para }\fs22\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {el laboratorio ; pero si se }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {so
specha que la causa de las}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {convulsiones son una hipoglucemia o una hi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {pocalcemia se puede administrar dextrosa }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o gluconato de calcio. A los animales }\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {que presentan hipoglucemia (<60 mg/dl),}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inmediatamente antes de la administracin
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de dextrosio, se puede administrar tiamina}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(Vit.B}\fs16\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {1}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {) que es un importante cofactor en e
l}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { metabolismo aerbico de la glucosa.}\fs16\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 { (63)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Uno de los factores ms importantes que te}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nemos qu
e monitorizar en estas situaciones}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {es la temperatura corporal del animal. Un}\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {a hipertermia provoca rabdomiolisis que puede }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {degenerar en una insuficiencia renal ag
uda. }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Es necesario el enfriamento pasivo cuando}\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {la temperatura corpo
ral supera los 40 C, }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {monitorizando la temper}\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {atura rectal, que no}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tiene que descender por }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {d
ebajo de los 38C.}{ }\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(23) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-41
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si las crisis convulsivas han sido particu
lar}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mente severas, evaluar si son presentes}\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {signos de edema cerebral
y tratarlo (manitol 0,5-2 g/kg en infusin lenta con o sin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\s
l-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {furosemida a 0,75 mg/kg).}\par\pard\li
1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Es importante monitorizar t
odas las posibles complicaciones, como signos de aumento}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {de presin intracraneal, edema pulmona}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {r neurognico y arritmias cardiacas.}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Una vez estabilizado el paciente es
importa}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nte obtener de parte del propietario una}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {anamnesis completa
, donde se evalue la pos}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ibilidad de eventuales trau
matismos, la}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {exp
osicin a txicos, historia}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { de anteriores episodios co}
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nvulsivos, la duracin de las}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {crisis, los tratamientos farmacolgicos }\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(con anticonvulsivantes o no), y los signos }\par\par
d\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {clnicos en las semanas an
teriores.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Si la
causa de las convulsiones no ha sido de}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {terminada y
resuelto o si el animal tiene}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {epilepsia idioptica, iniciar o }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {continu
ar la terapia con fenobarb}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ital I.M. u oral. (Tabla
9)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {La terapia or
al se inicia cuando el animal tenga}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { la capacidad de
deglut}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ir; si la va oral no}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es disponible se puede utilizar la va I.M
.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Monitorizar la
concentracin de FB en el su}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ero y aumentar la dosis
si la concentracin}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{del medicamento est por debajo de 23-28}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {}\fs24\cf

0\f0\charscalex100 {g/mL.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {Si la concentracin de FB est en el rango teraputico (25-40}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {g/mL en los perros; 10-}\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \*\tx1386\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {30}\tab \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {g/mL en los gatos), un mejor contr
ol de }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {las convulsiones refractarias se puede }\par
\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {conseguir con bromur
o potsico}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (Kbr) en el perro y en el gato y DZ en el
gato.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\s
0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {30}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\sh
p
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
}}}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

7;32768}}
7;32768}}
7;32768}}

18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Tabla 9}
\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { :}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Pauta para e
l mantenimiento del trat}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {amiento anticonvulsiv
ante en perros.}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li104
8\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1)
}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dosis oral inicial : Fe}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {nobarbital: 5mg/kg y cont}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inuar con 2,5 mg/kg
cada 12h.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {2)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Monitorizar conc. FB en el suero.}\par\pa
rd\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3)}\tab \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Aadir Kbr : 10-20 mg/kg cada 12 h (Perro); DZ : 0,5-1,0 mg/
kg cada 12 h (Gato).}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {4)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Monitorizar conc. Kbr a los 4
mese}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {s en perro; (2 meses en gatos).}\par\pard\li104
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El Kbr tiene una vida
media prolongada (perro }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {25 dias; gato 11 dias),}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { y la respuesta al}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tratamiento no es inmediata. Por lo tanto }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {no est indicado en el tratamiento del EE.}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cuando el frmaco se emplea como agen
te nico, o cuando la toxicidad del FB hace}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \f
s22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {necesario intercambiar frmacos y conseguir rpidamente co
ncentraciones teraputicas}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {de Kbr en el suero, puede emplearse una dosis}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 { de ataque (400 mg/}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kg) administrada en}\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un periodo de 24-48 horas
en 5 bolos orales}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { junto con la comida}\fs22\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 { o por va rectal.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {Tambin est descrita la administracin }\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
de Kbr a 120 mg/kg/da durante 5 das va}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {oral.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(68)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Una administracin intrarrectal de Kbr
se pr}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {efiere en aquellos animales que han sido}\par\
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {profundamente sedados
con tratamie}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ntos anteriores con DZ y FB.}\par\pard
\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Las concentraciones de Kb
r en sangre se deben determinar a los 4 meses del inicio del}\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tratamiento (2 meses en gatos). Las
concen}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tracin teraputica en sangre son de1-2 mg}\par\
pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {/mL cuando usado junt
o con FB; 2-3mg/}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mL cuando usado como monoterapia.}\
fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (64) }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Los signos de toxicidad incluyen anorexia, vm}\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {itos, diarrea, sedaci}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n y incoordinacin.}\p
ar\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {El bromuro se elim
ina por va renal y su}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { administracin no es}\fs22\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {t recomendada en}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {pacientes con insuficiencia renal, pero es}\fs22\cf0\f0\charsca

lex100 { una buena opcin para los pacientes con}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {disfuncin heptica provocadas por otros anticonvulsi
vantes.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (65)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
{Bibliografa }\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1)}\tab \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Holliday,T.A:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures disord
ers}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Vet. Clin. North Am., 10:3,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\b {1980.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2)}\tab \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Oliver, J.E.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures d
isorders in companion animals}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Compend. Contin.
Ed., 2:77,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {19
80.}\b0 \par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213
ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {31}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\
shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {3)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dodson, W.E., DeLorenzo, R.J}\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {., Pedley, T.A., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Trea
tment of convulsive status}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100\i {epilepticus: Recommendations of the Ep}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\i {ilepsy Foundation of America\uc1\u8217Xs Working}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\
ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Group on Status Epilepticus.}\i
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { JAMA, 270:854-9,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{1993.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl333\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {Lowestein, D.H., Alldredge, B.K.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Status E
pilepticus.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { N. Engl. J. Med. 338:970,}\par\pard
\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1998.}\b0 \par\pard\li1
s18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
5)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Podell, M., Fenner, W.R., Powers, J.D.:}{ }\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizure classification in dogs from a}\i0 \par\pard
\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {nonreferral based popul
ation.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { JAVMA, 206:1721,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\b {1995.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li104
0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {Klemm, W.R.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Electroencefalograph
y in the diagnosis of epilepsy.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Problems in}\pa
r\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Veterinary Medicine

, 1, 535,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1989.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {7)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Berendt, M., Gram, L.:}{ }\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100\i {Epilepsy and Seizures cla}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\
i {ssification in 63 dogs: A}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\i {reappraisal of veterinary }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {
epilepsy terminology.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { J. Vet. Intern. Med., 13:
14,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1999.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {8)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {So, N.K.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {Epileptic auras}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In Wyllie E.: The Treatmen
t of Epilepsy: Principles and}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {Practices. Philadelphia, Lea &}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Febi
ger, 369,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1993.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {9)}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Overduin, L.M.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\i {Canine Epilepsy in every-day\uc1\u8217Xs prac}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\i {tice: some experience, pitfalls}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {and impression}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {. Proc. XI ESVN Congre}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ss, 61-63, Maastricht,}
{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1999.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {10)}{ }\
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Engel, J.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures
and Epilepsy}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Philadelphia, FA Davis,}{ }\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1989.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {11)}{ }\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Schmidt, R.P., Wilder, B.J:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {E
pilepsy.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Philadelphia, Davis}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100\b {1968.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {12)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {Fisher, R.S.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Cellular mechanism of th
e epilepsies.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { In Hopkins, A., Shorvon, S.,}\par
\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cascino, G.: Epilep
sy. London, Chapman & Hall, 35-38,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1995.}\b0 \p
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {13)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Adams, R.D., Victo
r, M., Ropper, A.H.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Epilepsia y otros trastorn
os convulsivos}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-28
0\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Principios de Neurologia, }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {sexta ed., McGraw-Hill Intera}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mericana
Editores, Mxico,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
285-287,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1997.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\
{14)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Schousboe, A.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {Neurochemical alterations associated with epilepsy or}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\r
i0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {seizurereactivity}\i0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {. In Comprehensive epileptology, fi}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{rst ed., New York, Raven Press,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {1-16.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1991.}\b0 \par\pard\li1
\charscalex100 {15)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ronneengstrom, E., Hillered,
L., Flink, R., et al.: }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Intracerebral microdialysi
s of }\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {extr
acellular amino acids in the human epileptic focus}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {. J. Cereb. Flow Metab.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {12:873-876,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1992.}\b0 \par\pard\li1
\charscalex100 {16)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Loscher, W., Schwartz-Porsche
, D.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Low concentration of gamma-aminobutyric}\
i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {acid in cer

ebrospinal flui}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {d of dogs with epilepsy.}\i0 \
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { J. Neurochem., 46:1322-1325,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl
-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1986}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmul
\charscalex100 {32}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {17)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Podell, M., Ha
djiconstantinou, M.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Alterated excitatory and i
}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {nhibitory cerebrospinal}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\
ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {fluid neurotransmitters in prim
ary canine epilepsy.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Am. J. Vet. Res., 58:451:4
58,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1997.}\b0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {18)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Russo, M.E.:}{ }
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {The pathophysiology of epilepsy.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 { Cornell Vet., 71:221,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1981.}\b0
\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {19)}{ }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {Commission on Classification and Term}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {inology of the Inte}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rnational League}\par\par
d\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Against Epilepsy.}{ }\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Proposal for revised clinical}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100\i { and electroencephalographic}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {classification of epileptic seizures.}\i0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 { Epilepsia, 22:489-501,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {198
1.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {20)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Berendt,
M., Gram, L.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Classification of epilepsy}\i0 \f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i { in dogs. Reappraisal of}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl
-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {terminology.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 { Proc. 16}{\super \fs16\up4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {th}}\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 { ACVIM Forum, 335-336,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1998.}\b0 \par
21)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Schwartz-Porsche, D.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\i {Seizures}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In Braund, K.G.: Clinical S
yndromes in Veterinary}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {Neurology, Mosby, Philadelphia,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1994.}\b
0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {22)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Heynold, Y. Fa
issler, D., }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Steffen, F., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100\i {Clinical, epidemiol}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ogical and

treatment}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {
results of idiopathic epilepsy in 54 L}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {abrador
retrievers: A long term study.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { J. Small}\par\
pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Anim. Pract., 38:7,}{
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1997.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
s18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {23)}{ }\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Podell, M.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures
in dogs}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract
., 26:779,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {199
6.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {24)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Breitschw
erdt, E.B., Breazile, J.E., Broadhurst, J.J.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {C
linical and}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{electroencephalographic findings}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i { associated
with ten ca}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ses of suspected limbic}\i0 \par\
pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {epilepsy in the dog
}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc., 15:37,}{ }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100\b {1979.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {25)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {Dodman, N.H., Knowles, K.E., Shuster, L., et at.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\i {Behavioral changes associated}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {with suspected complex partial seizures i
n Bull Terriers.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { JAVMA, 208:688,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\b {1996.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {26)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {LeCouter, R.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures and Epileps
y}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In Wheeler, S.J. Manual of Small Animal}\par
\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Neurology, Second ed
ition. British Small }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Animal Veterinary Association,
}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Gloucestershir
e, U.K.,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1995.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\
{27)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Braund, K.G., Brewer, B.D., Mayhew, I.G.:}{
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Inflamatory, infections, immune,}\i0 \par\pard\li
1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {parasitic, and vascular di
sease.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { In Oliver, J.E. Jr., Hoerlein, B.F., May
hew, I.G.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Veteri
nary Neurology,.. W.B. Saund}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ers Company, Philadelph
ia, 216-254,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1987.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {28)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sottiaux, J., Pialat, J.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\i {Mningo-encphalite associe une}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {
infection Felv chez un}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\i {chat.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Prat.Md. Chir. Anim}\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {. Comp., 24(5), 635-643,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {19
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {29)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Leroux,
V.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Intoxication des animaux de compagnie par l
es plantes}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Point Vt.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-2
80\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {18(95), 45-55,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100\b {1986.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\r
i0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {30)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{Kirk, R.W.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hypoglycemia.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 { In Kirk, R.W. Current Vete}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rinary Thera
py III, W.B.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sa
unders Company, Philadelphia,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1968.}\b0 \par\pa
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {31)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Siliart, B., Montrade,
M.P., Andre, F.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Tumeurs insulino-secrtantes du
chien}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Point}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult

0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Vt., 21(122),}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1989
.}\b0 \par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\s
33}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {32)}
{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Resnick, S.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hyp
ocalcemia and tetany in the dog}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Vet. Med. Smal
l Anim. Clin.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
67:637,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1972.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
33)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {DeLahunta, A.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\
i {Seizures-convulsion}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In DeLahunta, A..Veteri
nary Neuroanatomy }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {and Clinical Neurology. W.B. Saund}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ers Company, P
hiladelphia, 303-317,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1977.}\b0 \par\pard\li104
harscalex100 {34)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Raskin, N.H., Fishman, R:H:}{ }
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Neurologic disorders in renal failure}\i0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {. N. Engl. J.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Med., 294:143,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1976.}\b0 \par
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {35)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Plechner, A. J., Sha
nnon, M.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Food-induced hypersensitivity}\i0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Mod. Vet.Pract.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {58:225,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1977.}\b0 \
par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {36)}{ }\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {Selger, R.R., Shull Selcer, E.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\
i {A practical approach to seizure management in dogs}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\s
l-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {and cats}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {. Prog. Vet. Neuro., vol.1, n 2, 147-156,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1
arscalex100 {37)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Farnbach, G.C.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100\i {Seizures in the dog. Part I. Basi}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0\i {s, classification, and predilection}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\
pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Comp. Cont. Educ. Pra
c. Vet., vol. 6, n 6, 569-574,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1984.}\b0 \par\pa
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {38)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Picavet, PH.: }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures in dogs and cats: diagno}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100\i {stic and therapeutic management}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par
\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Point Vt., 24(145), 2
35-243,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1992.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s

39)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Raw, M.E., Gaskell, C.J.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\i {A review of one hundred cases of presumed canine}\i0 \par\pard\li1
400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {epilepsy}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {. J. Small Anim. Pract., 26(645),}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{1985.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {40)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Olive
r, J.E. Jr.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Seizures disorders and narcolepsy.
}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { In Oliver J.E. Jr., Hoerlein B.F.,}\par\pard\l
i1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Mayhew, I.G.: Veterinary Ne
urology. W.B.}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 285-}
\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {302,}{ }\fs24\cf
\charscalex100 {Moraillon, R.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Diagnostic et tr
aitement des syndro}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {mes convulsifs chez le chi
en}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {Proceedings de la journe du G.E.N. (CNVSPA) consacre aux \uc1
\u8220XNouveuts en}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{pathologie neurologique centrale,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1989.}\b0 \
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {42)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Redding, R.W.:}{
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Electrophisiologic diagnosis.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 { In Oliver J.E. Jr., Hoerlein B.F.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Mayhew, I.G. Veterinary Neurology. W.}\fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 111,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\
sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1987.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-2
00 {43)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Croft, P.G.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0\i {Electroencephalography in canine encephalitis}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {. J. Small Animal Pract.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {11:241,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1970.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040
arscalex100 {44)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Croft, P.G.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\i {The use}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {of}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100\i {Electroencephalograph in the detection of epilepsy as a}\i0 \par\pa
rd\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {hereditary condition
in the dog.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Vet. Rec., 712,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\b {1968.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {45)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Jaggy, A., Bernardini, M.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Idiopatic ep
ilepsy in 125 }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {dogs: A long-term study.}\i0 \p
ar\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Clinical and ele
ctroencephalographic findings.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { J. Small animal
Pract., 39, 23-29,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0\b {1998.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0
\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {46)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {C
husid, J.G.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Syncopes et comas}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {. In CHUSID, J.G. Manuel d\uc1\u8217Xanatomie et de}\par\pard\li
1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {physiologie neurologiques. M
asson, Paris, 463-470,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1982.}\b0 \par\pard\li51
\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {34}\par\pard\sect\se
ctd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst

\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {47)}
{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Braund, K.G.: Diseases of peripheral nerves, cran
ial nerves and muscle. In Oliver}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {J.E. Jr., Hoerlein B.F., Mayhew, I.G. }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {Veterinary Neurology. W.B. Saunders}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Company, Philadelphia, 353-392,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100\b {1987.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040
\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {48)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Gilliam, F.G.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Status epilepticus}\i0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In Wyllie. The treatment of epilepsy: Principles }\par\p
ard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {and practice. Second e
dition. Baltim}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ore, Williams and Wilkins, 666-676,}{
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1997.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
s18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {49)}{ }\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Russo, M.E.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Pathophi
siology of epilepsy}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Cornell Veterinarian, 71:2
21-247,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1981.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\s
50)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cruz, J.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Ne
urologic and Neurosurgical Emergencies}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. W.B. Sa
unders Company,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Philadelphia,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1998.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
\charscalex100 {Shorvorn, S.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {The management of
status epilepticus}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In Hopkins, A., Shorvorn,
S.,}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Cascino, G.
Epilepsy, second edition. London, Chapman & Hall, 331-354,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\b {1995.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1
040\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {52)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Parent, J.M.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Clinical management of cani
ne seizures}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Veterinary Clinics of North}\par\p
ard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {America: Small Animal
Practice, 18, 947,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1988.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\r
scalex100 {53)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tassinari, C.A., Michelucci, }\fs2
4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {R., Riguzzi, P., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{The use of diazepam and}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\i {clonazepam in epilepsy.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Epileps
ia, 39(suppl 1):S7-S14,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1998.}\b0 \par\pard\li1
\charscalex100 {54)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lane, S.B, Bunch, S.E.:}{ }\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Medical management of recurrent seizurs in dogs and
cats.}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {J. Vet
. Inten. Med., 4:26,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1990.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040
arscalex100 {55)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Braund, K.G.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100\i {Clinical Syndromes in Veterinary Neurology.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 { Second edition, St.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0

\charscalex100 {Louis, Mosby Year Book, 234-251,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{1994.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {56)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Plat
t, S.R:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Estado epilptico: conceptos ac}\i0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {tuales en medicina veterinaria}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {. Waltham }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Focus, Vol.2, 26-31,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {2001}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri
0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {57)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
Platt, S.R., Randall, S., Scott, S., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Co
mparison of plasma benzodiazepine}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {concentrations following in}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00\i {tranasal and intravenous admin}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {istration
of diazepine to}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100\i {dogs}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Am. J. vet. Res., 61(6):651-645,}{
}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {2000}\b0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard
0\f0\charscalex100 {58)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Boothe, D.M.:}{ }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100\i {Anticonvulsivant therapy in small animals.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 { Vet. Cli. North. Am.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Small Anim. Pract., 28(2):411-448,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100\b {1998.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
40\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {59)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {Anderson, G.D., Levy, R.H.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Phenobarbital:
Chemistry and biotransformation}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. In:}\par\pard
\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Levy, R.H., Mattson, R.H.
, Meldru, B.S. An}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tiepileptic Drugs, fourth edition.
New}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {York, Raven
Press, 371-377,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1995.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0
alex100 {60)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Indrieri, R.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100\i {Status epilepticus}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Problems in Vete
rinary Medicine.6:606-617,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1989.}\b0 \par\pard\
\f0\charscalex100 {61)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Heldmann, E., holt, D.E.,
Brockman, D.J., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Use of propofol to mana
ge seizure}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{activity after surgical treatm}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ent of portosy
stemic shunts}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. J. Small Anim. Pract.,}\par\pard
\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {40:590-594,}{ }\fs24\cf0\
f0\charscalex100\b {1990.}\b0 \par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {35}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
FFD8FFE000104A46494600010100000100010000FFDB004300080606070605080707070909080A0C
393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
0011080059005203012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
6272D10A162434E125F11718191A262728292A35363738393A434445464748494A53545556575859
5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
8051477A07DEA43179F4A29D45303FFFD9}
t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {62)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Stecker, M.M.,
Kramer, T.H., Raps, E.C., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Treatment of
refractory status}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100\i {epilepticus with propofol: Clin}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {ical
and pharmacologocal findings}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Epilepsia, 39:18}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {26,}{ }\fs24\cf
\charscalex100 {Platt, S.R., McDonnel, J.J.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {St
atus epilepticus: Patient Management and}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Pharmacologic Therapy.}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 { Comp. Cont. Ed., 22(8), 722-728,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {2000.}\
b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {64)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dewey, C.W.,
Ducote, J.M., Coates, J.R., et al.:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Intrarectal
ly administered}\i0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00\i {potassuim bromide loading in normal dogs.}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {Proc. 17th ACVIM Forum, Abstract}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {213:745,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1999.}\b0 \par\par
f0\f0\charscalex100 {65)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Podell, M., Fenner, W.R.
:}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Bromide therapy in refractory}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100\i { canine idiopathic epilepsy}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.
}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {J. Vet. Inten.
Med., 7:318,}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1993.}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {66)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Fatj J., Raurell X., }\par\pard\li1040\r
f0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {67)}{ }\fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {Podell M., Seizures in Dogs. Intracranial Di}\fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {seases. The Veterinary Clinics of North}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-28
0\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {America, July 1.996, Vol.26, n4.}\par\pard\
\f0\charscalex100 {68)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Skerrit G.C. El uso del Br
omuro de Potasio }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {en el control de la }\fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {epilepsia en perros.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {69)}{ }\fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {Trepanier L.A. Use of bromide as an}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 { anticonvulsant for dogs with epilepsy.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {JAVMA, 207(2):163-166. 1995.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {70)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Platt S.R. Status Epilepticus: Managing
Re}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fractory cases and treating out-of-hospital}\par
\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {patients. Compendium
of Conti}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nuing Education, vol.22, n8.August 2000.}\p
fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {71)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Saito M, Muana K.R
, Sharp NJH, Ol}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {by NJ. Status epilepticus in dogs wi
th}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {idiopatic epi
lepsy: a long-ter}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {m evaluation of 32 cases. 19}{\sup
er \fs16\up4\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {th}}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Annual ACVIM
Forum, }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Denver,
May 23-26, 2001.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\

5160\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {36}\par}

Convulcion

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Convulcion

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

{\rtf\ansi\deff0\ansicpg1252

\charscalex100 {durante el periodo}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Inter-ictal}

arscalex100\i {inter-ictal}\i0 { }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {es el tiempo entre

0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {selectiva de los canales inicos.

sentada }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {por cambios en las concentraciones de}\par\

animal es dotado de un umbral individual}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, que parec

cos.}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(19)}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

t0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Convulsiones generalizadas }\b0 \par\pard\li10

{e en cualquiera de la dos fases.}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\

motor, como movimientos faciales , prdid}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a del tono p

ones Focales o Parciales}\i0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p

}\par\pard\li1040\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {representadas

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Etiologa}\i0 \par

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

arscalex100 {fundamentales cuando nos enfrentamos }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Leucodistrofia

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Edad}\b0 \par\pard\li1040\ri0\s

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}