SECTIONI:INTRODUCTION TITLE: CartonaRamp:AnalysisofMotion OBJECTIVE: Tocollectposition,velocity,andaccelerationdataasthecartrollsfreelyupanddownanincline. Toanalyzepositionvs.time,velocityvs.time,andaccelerationvs.timegraphs. EQUIPMENTNEEDED: VernierDynamicsTrack,computer,VernierComputerinterface,VernierMotionDetector, AdjustableEndStop,MotionDetectorBracket,VernierDynamicscartwithplunger,blocksfor angles PROCEDURE: PartI: 1.ConnecttheMotionDetectortothedigital(DIG)portoftheinterface.SettheMotionDetector sensitivityswitchtoTrack. 2.

ConfirmthattheDynamicsTrack,AdjustableEndStop,andMotionDetectorBracketare assembledasshowninFigure1intheofficialexperimentpacket.AdjusttheheadoftheMotion Detectorsothatitspointingstraightdownthetrack. 3.Openthefile03CartonaRampfromthePhysicswithVernierfolder. 4.Placethecartonthetrackneartheendstop.Makesuretofacetheplungerawayfromthe MotionDetector.Clicktobegindatacollection1.Therewillbeaclickingsoundfromthefromthe MotionDetector,meaningthatitisworking.Waitafewsecondsandbrieflypushthecartupthe incline1)lettingitrollfreelyupnearlytothetop2)andthenbackdown.Catchthecartasitnears theendstop. 5.Examinethepositionvs.timegraph.RepeatStep4ifyourpositionvs.timegraph doesntshowanareaofsmoothlychangingposition.Checkwiththeteacherifyouarenot surewhetheryouneedtorepeatdatacollection. 6.AnswertheAnalysisquestionsforPartIbeforegoingontoPartII. PartII: 7.Thecartisallowedtobounceagainsttheendstopwithitsplunger.Practicestartingthecart soitcanbounceatleasttwotimesduringthedatacollectionprocess. 8.Then,collectanothersetofMotionDetectordatashowingtwoormorebouncesofthecart.

9.GoontotheAnalysisquestionsforPartII. Analysis:PartI: 1.Eitherprintorsketchthethreemotiongraphs.Itsimportanttoidentifydifferentregionsofeach graph.ClickExamine,andmovethemouseacrossanyofthegraphstoanswerthefollowing questions.Recordyouranswersdirectlyontheprintedorsketchedgraphs. a.Identifytheregionwhenthecartwasbeingpushedbyyourhand: Examinethevelocityvs.timegraphandidentifythisregion.Labelthisonthegraph. Examinetheaccelerationvs.timegraphandidentifythesameregion.Labelthe graph. b.Identifytheregionwherethecartwasrollingfreely: Labeltheregiononeachgraphwherethecartwasrollingfreelyandmovingupthe incline. Labeltheregiononeachgraphwherethecartwasrollingfreelyandmovingdown incline. c.Determinetheposition,velocity,andaccelerationatspecificpoints: Onthevelocityvs.timegraph,decidewherethecarthaditsmaximumvelocity,justas thecartwasreleased.Markthespotandrecordthevalueonthegraph. Onthepositionvs.timegraph,locatethehighestpointofthecartontheincline.This pointistheclosestapproachtotheMotionDetector.Markthespotandrecordthevalue onthegraph. Whatwasthevelocityofthecartatthetopofitsmotion? Whatwastheaccelerationofthecartatthetopofitsmotion? 2.Themotionofanobjectinconstantaccelerationismodeledbyx=at2+v0t+x0,wherex istheposition,aistheacceleration,tistime,andv0istheinitialvelocity.Thisisaquadratic equationwhosegraphisaparabola.Ifthecartmovedwithconstantaccelerationwhileitwas olling,yourgraphofpositionvs.timewillbeparabolic.Fitaquadraticequationtoyourdata. a.Clickanddragthemouseacrosstheportionofthepositionvs.timegraphthatisparabolic, highlightingthefreerollingportion. b.ClickCurveFit,,selectQuadraticfitfromthelistofmodelsandclick. c.Examinethefitofthecurvetoyourdataandclicktoreturntothemaingraph.Isthecarts accelerationconstantduringthefreerollingsegment? 3.Thegraphofvelocityvs.timeislineariftheaccelerationisconstant.Tofitalinetothisdata, clickanddragthemouseacrossthefreerollingregionofthemotion.ClickLinearFit.How closelydoestheslopecorrespondtotheaccelerationyoufoundinthepreviousstep? 4.Thegraphofaccelerationvs.timeshouldappearapproximatelyconstantduringthefreely rollingsegment.Clickanddragthemouseacrossthefreerollingportionofthemotionand clickStatistics,.Howcloselydoesthemeanaccelerationvaluecomparetothevaluesofa foundinSteps2and3?

Analysis:PartII: 5.Determinethecartsaccelerationduringthefreerollingsegmentsusingthevelocitygraph. Aretheythesame? 6.Determinethecartsaccelerationduringthefreerollingsegmentsusingthepositiongraph. Aretheythesame?

SECTIONII:DATA DATATABLES: (Seepagenextpage) CALCULATIONS: (Seenextpage) RESULTS:

CONCLUSION: