Tapan Chauhan

Definition of power
Power: A capacity that A has to influence the behavior of
B so that B acts in accordance with As wishes.

Power dynamics
Distribution Dependency Uncertainty Compliance

Sources of power in organization

Two types : Interpersonal Structural

Interpersonal Sources of power

1.Reward power: Compliance achieved based on the ability to distribute rewards that others view as valuable; The ability of a manager to give or withhold tangible rewards. 2.Coercive power:being dependent on fear. Ability of a manger to punish others (restrain by force) A has a power over B to dismiss, suspend , demote (reduce in rank) 3Legitimate power: Is a result of ones position in the formal hierarchy in the organization. Includes but is not limited to coercive and reward power.

Interpersonal Sources of power

4.Expert power: Influence based on special skills or knowledge. 5.Referent power: similar to Charisma; the power that comes from subordinates and co workers' respect, admiration and loyalty.

Structural Sources of power

Knowledge Resources Decision making

Power tactics
Power tactics :Ways in which individuals power bases into specific actions within a groups(intra-group) and groups(inter group). There are two types Power tactics : Individual and intra group tactics Inter group tactics translate between

Individual and intra group tactics

Assertiveness Friendliness Rationality Sanctions Higher authority Bargaining Coalition

Inter group tactics

Uncertainity absorption Substitutional Integrative importance

Politics
Politics: the ways people gain and use power in organizations. Essence of politics: Disagreement Diversity Scarcity Interest

Types of political activity

Attacking or Blaming others. Selective Distributing information. Controlling information channels. Forming coalitions. Increasing indispensability.

Conditions for the use of power and politics

Criteria for utilitarian outcomes. Criteria for individual rights . Criteria of distributive justice.