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SCATTERING
= |x| 1 2
xx x2 xx + 2 |x| 1 2 2 x x x
where we neglected x 2 /x2 relative to |x |/|x| and used that 1 1 1 2 . So we get x k |x x | = k |x| k (2.31) x = k |x| k x |x| where we dened k =k x |x| (2.32)
The vector k is the momentum of the scattered particle because it is parallel to x and has magnitude k as it should, see Equation (2.1). Substitution in 1 gives Equation (2.17) and using |x |/|x| G(x, x ) = eik|xx | eik|x| eik x |x| |x| (2.33)
Using this expression in the second term of Equation (2.29) and dropping the remaining terms to implement the Born approximation we get (x) = eikx = eikx 2m 4 2m 4 d3 x eik|x| eik x V (x ) eikx |x| eik|x| |x| (2.34)
d3 x ei(kx k x ) V (x )
Comparing this expression with Equation (2.1) we nd (with |x| = r) the scattering amplitude in the Born approximation f ( , ) = 2m 4 d3 x ei(kk )x V (x) (2.35)