TRNG I HC KINH T LUT

KHOA KINH T I NGOI

----oOo----

TIU LUN

KINH T AUSTRALIA V QUAN H

KINH T VI VIT NAM
MN HC: KINH T I NGOI

GVHD: TS. TRN VN C

LP K11402B

NHM 6

THNH VIN

MSSV

1. Phm L Anh

K11402.0235

2. Nguyn Th Ch

K11402.0245

3. Trn Duy Phi

K11402.0309

4. V Thanh Sang

K11402.0317

5. Trn Nguyn Thiu

K11401.0069

6. Ng.Th Thy Trang

K11402.0342

7. Phan Th Ngc Trinh

K11402.0348

8. Ng. Th Nh Trc

K11402.0349

9. L Anh V

K11402.0361

TP. HCM THNG 11/2013

NHN XT CA GING VIN

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ii

MC LC

MC LC .......................................................................................................... ii
DANH SCH CC HNH V, BIU .......................................................v
CH THCH CC T VIT TT V THUT NG ................................ vi
LI M U .....................................................................................................1
Chng 1: GII THIU V NN KINH T AUSTRAYLA .......................2
1.1 Tim lc kinh t - x hi ................................................................................2
1.1.1 V t nhin ...................................................................................................2
1.1.1 V kinh t x hi ..........................................................................................2
1.1.2 Tim lc kinh t: ..........................................................................................2
1.1.3 Tim lc cng ngh .....................................................................................3
1.2 Quan h kinh t quc t Australia ..................................................................3
1.2.1 V tr trong nn kinh t th gii ...................................................................3
1.2.2 Thng mi hng ha quc t .....................................................................4
1.2.3 1.2.3 Thng mi dch v quc t ...............................................................5
1.2.4 u t quc t ..............................................................................................7
Chng 2: QUAN H SONG PHNG VIT NAM - AUSTRAYLIA .....9
2.1 Quan h chnh tr gia Vit Nam Australia ................................................9
2.1 Quan h thng mi .......................................................................................9
2.1.1 Kim ngch xut khu, nhp khu, cn cn thng mi ...............................9
2.1.2 C cu hng ha xut khu, nhp khu .....................................................10
2.2 Quan h u t gia Australia v Vit Nam ................................................11
2.2.1 u t trc tip FDI. ..................................................................................11

iii

2.2.2 u t gin tip FPI. ..................................................................................12

2.2.3 Vin tr trc tip ODA. .............................................................................12
2.3 Quan h kinh t khc gio dc, vn ha ..................................................13
2.4 nh gi quan h song phng ....................................................................13
2.4.1 Thnh tu ...................................................................................................13
2.4.2 Hn ch ......................................................................................................14
Chng 3: Gii php nhm y mnh, ci thin quan h song phng ....14
3.1 Quan h chnh tr ..........................................................................................14
3.2 Quan h u t: ............................................................................................15
3.3 Quan h thng mi dch v: .......................................................................15
KT LUN .......................................................................................................15
DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO ........................................................16

iv

DANH SCH CC BNG BIU

Bng 2.1: Tc tng trng v kim ngch xut nhp khu Vit Nam-Australia
2005-2012 (triu USD). Ngun: ITC
Bng 2.2: Tnh hnh vn u t FDI vo Vit Nam giai on 2008 2012
Bng 2.3: Tnh hnh vn ODA t Australia vo Vit Nam giai on 2009 2014

DANH SCH CC HNH V, BIU

Biu 1.1: Cn cn thng mi Australia t thng 8/2009 n thng 8/2013 (n
v: triu la Australia). Ngun: http://www.dfat.gov.au
Biu 1.2 Mc u t trc tip nc ngoi ca quc gia.
Ngun: www.firb.gov.au
Biu 1.3 u t quc t ca Australia t 2005-06 n 2009-10.
Ngun: www.firb.gov.au

vi

CH THCH CC T VIT TT V THUT NG

1.

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment): u t trc tip nc ngoi.

2.

FPI (Foreign Portfolio Investment) : u t gin tip nc ngoi.

3.

GDP (Gross domestic product) : Tng sn phm quc ni.

4.

GNP (Gross national product): Tng sn phm quc gia.

5.

IMF (International Monetary Fund): Qu tin t quc t.

6.

ODA (Official Development Assistance): H tr pht trin chnh thc.

7.

T: Trung ng.

8.

UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development): Din

n Thng mi v Pht trin Lin Hip quc.

LI M U
Hi nhp kinh t quc t l mt xu th tt yu, khch quan trong qu trnh ton
cu ha kinh t, c ngha rt quan trng i vi s tng trng v pht trin kinh
t ca mt quc gia, c bit l i vi cc nc ang pht trin nh Vit Nam. Hi
nhp kinh t khng nhng c mi lin h cht ch vi tng trng v pht trin kinh
t, m n cn va l kt qu, va l yu t quan trng thc y kinh t- x hi
ca t nc pht trin. Trong xu th hi nhp, Vit Nam m rng quan h kinh
t quc t vi nhiu quc gia v khu vc, trong , Australia l mt i tc chin
lc c tm nh hng ln trong khu vc. Australia ang tip tc chuyn i tr
thnh nn kinh t nng ng, m ca v tham gia mnh m vo thng mi ton
cu v khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng. Trong bng xp hng Better Life Index
ca OECD nm 2013, Australia l mt trong nm nn kinh t pht trin c xp
hng hnh phc nht th gii. Quan h song phng Vit c ang pht trin mnh
m v m rng trn tt c cc lnh vc chnh tr, kinh t, thng mi, u t, an
ninh quc phng, gio dc o to, du lchv t c nhng thnh tu ng k.
Gn 40 nm qua, quan h song phng gia Vit Nam v Australia khng ngng
c cng c v pht trin, c bit l v lnh vc kinh t. Hin nay, Australia l
mt trong nhng i tc thng mi ln ca Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, so vi mt s
quc gia trong ASEAN, trao i thng mi gia Vit Nam v Australia vn cn
khim tn. ti Kinh t Australia v quan h kinh t vi Vit Nam s cho chng
ta mt ci nhn tng quan v nn kinh t Australia, thc trng quan h kinh t gia
hai nc, t ra cc gii php thc y thng mi song phng Vit NamAustralia trong tng lai.

Chng 1: GII THIU V NN KINH T AUSTRAYLA

1.1 Tim lc kinh t - x hi
1.1.1 V t nhin
V tr a l: Australia l mt trong nhng vng t lu i v l hn o c
ngi ln nht trn th v c bao bc bi Nam Thi Bnh Dng pha ng,
n Dng pha Ty, Bin Arafura pha Bc v Nam i Dng pha
Nam. [1]
i n t h: Tng din tch t nhin l 7.617.930 km2, ng th 6 th gii..
Austraylia gm 6 tiu bang v 2 vng lnh th. [2]
Ti nguyn: Australia rt giu ti nguyn khong sn nh vng, bauxid, st,
km, ng, du kh, thic v t ai, kh hu thun li cho pht trin nng nghip.
[3]
h h u: L mt trong nhng lc a c kh hu kh nht th gii. Kh hu pha
Bc l kh hu nhit i v kh; kh hu pha Nam l n i.
1.1.1 V kinh t x hi
23.344.735 ngi (s liu 07/12/2013), ng th 51 trn th gii,

Dn

chim 0,33% dn s th gii. C 85% dn s sinh sng ti khu vc thnh th v cc

thnh ph ln ven bin, 15% cn li sng ti cc vng nng thn, min ni. Mt
trung bnh l 2 ngi/km2. [4]
c

c n

: Australia theo ch qun ch lp hin, l quc gia c lp,

thnh vin khi Lin hip Anh. N hong Anh Elizabeth II cng l N hong ca
Australia v l ngi ng u Nh nc. N hong ch nh i din ca mnh trn
ton lnh th Australia gi l Ton quyn (ch mang tnh cht l nghi).[5]
Ngun n n lc: Lao ng Australia xp vo 7 nc hng u th gii v s
lng lao ng c k nng, s chuyn gia v cng ngh thng tin, ti chnh v c
kh. [5]
Vn a: T nm 1788, nn tng chnh ca vn ha Australia l Anglo-Celtic
sau ny n gia th k XX, vn ha Australia chu nh hng mnh bi vn ha
i chng ca M, ch yu l truyn hnh v in nh. [1]

1.1.2 Tim l kinh t:

Nn kinh t Australia l nn kinh t t bn theo kiu phng Ty pht trin
cao - nn kinh t cng, nng nghip pht trin. GDP t: 1.521 nghn t USD, GNP:
982,2 nghn t ngang gi sc mua la (nm 2012). [6]
Tnh hnh kinh t v m: tng trng kinh t mc 3.3%, t l lm pht 2.1%
nm 2012 v lm pht trong thng 11/2013 ang mc cho php l 2.2%. Li sut
chit khu ngn hng T nm 2012 l 4.35%. T gi hi oi nm 2012:
E(AUD/USD) = 0,963. Chnh sch ti kha tng i n nh. N cng tng
ln 26,9% GDP (nm 2012). Cn cn vng lai 2012 thm ht 47,1 t USD, gi tr
xut nhp khu nm 2012 ln lt l 263,9 t USD v 258,1 t USD. D tr ngoi
hi 2012 l 47,7 t USD. [7]
1.1.3 Tim l

ng ngh

Ngi Australia t c nhng thnh tch to ln trong lnh vc khoa hc v

sng ch, sng ch gn y l tin giy p-li-me. Ngi Australia cng ng hng
u trong cc thnh tu v y khoa v vic pht trin k thut pht hin n dc v
mn cha n. Sng ch ra thuc Relenza, l loi thuc chng bnh cm u tin trn
th gii v thuc chch nga ung th c t cung. Tim nng con ngi ln, Gio s
Barry Marshall v Bc s Robin Warren c gii thng N ben nm 2005 do pht
hin ra loi vi trng gy bnh lot d dy v h tiu ha. Australia l mt ngi tin
phong v chnh ph Australia ang u t mnh trong lnh vc cng ngh thng tin
v truyn thng (ICT) trong khu vc chu - Thi Bnh Dng.
1.2 Quan h kinh t quc t Australia
1.2.1 V tr trong nn kinh t th gii
Australia l nc t bn c nn kinh t t vn hnh theo ch s t do kinh t
v c GDP trn u ngi cao hn mt cht so vi cc quc gia nh Anh, c v
Php theo sc mua tng ng. Australia cng l mt trong nhng nn kinh t
pht trin mnh nht trn th gii, theo s liu IMF thng 6/2013, Australia ng
hng 5 trong top 10 quc gia giu c nht th gii, nn kinh t Australia lin tc
tng trng trong hai thp nin qua do nhu cu mnh i vi ngun ti nguyn thin

nhin ca nc ny. Trong khi hu ht cc nn kinh t tin tin khc ang gp kh

khn, Australia tng khong 10% k t u cuc khng hong ti chnh ton cu
(nm 2008). [8]
Australia gia nhp T chc Hp tc v Pht trin Kinh t (OECD) nm 1971; l
mt trong 12 thnh vin sng lp Din n Hp tc Kinh t chu Thi Bnh
Dng - APEC (11/1989); tr thnh thnh vin T chc Thng mi Th gii
(WTO) ngy 01/01/1995; tham gia Khu va mu dch t do Asean - Australia New Zealand (AANZAFTA). Nm 2009, tng gi tr thng mi gia 10 nc
ASEAN v Australia, Niu-di- ln 49,2 t la M, a Australia tr thnh i tc
ln th 7 ca ASEAN xt v quan h thng mi. Bn cnh , Australia cng y
mnh vai tr ln hn ti Lin Hp Quc v cc din n a phng khi tch cc vn
ng tr thnh y vin khng thng trc Hi ng Bo an nhim k 20132014; tch cc tham gia cc Hi ngh G8 v G20. c bit Australia tch cc vn
ng cc nc ng h sng kin thnh lp Cng ng chu -Thi Bnh.
1.2.2 Thng mi hng ha qu t
V n p k u, 10 th trng nhp khu ln nht ca Australia l: Trung Quc
(14.6%), Hoa K (13.2%), Nht Bn (6.7%), Singapore (6%), c (4%), Thi Lan
(4%), Anh (3.7%), Malaysia (3.4%), Hn Quc (3.3%), New Zealand (3.2%). Cc
mt hng nhp khu ch lc: du th, thit b vin thng, my mc thit b, dc
phm, my tnh, vng[9]
V xu k u: Australia l mt nc xut khu ln v sn phm nng nghip,
c bit l m v len. Cc mt hng xut khu chnh ca Australia: than , vng,
len, thp, du th, bt m, nhm, tht, my mc v thit b vn ti. Mi th trng
xut khu ch lc ca Australia l: Trung Quc (26,3%), Nht Bn (16.6%), Hn
Quc (7.2%), Hoa K (4.9%), n (4.7%), New Zealand (3.7%), Anh (3.5%),
Singapore (2.9%), i Loan (2.9%), Malaysia (2.2%). [9]
Cn cn thng mi Australia thng xuyn trong trng thi thm ht.

Biu 1.1: Cn cn thng mi Australia t thng 8/2009 n thng 8/2013

(n v: triu la c). Ngun: http://www.dfat.gov.au
. Chnh s h thng mi:
Australia ch trng hp tc, gi vng mi quan h vi cc nc c mi quan
h kinh t t lu nh: M, Chu u, khu vc Chu (Nht Bn, Trung Quc v
cc nc ASEAN,...). Chng trnh ci cch vi m ca Chnh ph li mang li
li ch thit thc cho nh xut khu Australia. Theo h thng thu mi, thu doanh
thu bn s trc y c thay th bng thu hng ho - dch v (GST) v cc
loi thu thp hn bao gm vic gim thu doanh nghip t 36% xung 30%, mt
trong nhng mc thu thp nht trong khu vc. Bn cnh , Australia min gim
thu GST hng ho xut khu, to mt h thng thu mang tnh cnh tranh ton cu
v a ra nhng khuyn khch i vi u t vn s gip Australia tr thnh a ch
hp dn i vi cc nh u t nc ngoi.
1.2.3 1.2.3 Thng mi d h v qu t
a. Xu k u, n p k u d c v, cn cn

ng mi d c v

Lnh vc dch v ca Australia tng trng ng k trong nhng thp k

gn y, chim khong 78% GDP. Lnh vc ny bao gm phn ln cc hot ng
kinh t a dng.
*Xut khu dch v
K t 2006, gi tr xut khu c tng trung bnh 0,8% mi nm. Khi lng
xut khu gim trung bnh 1.6% mi nm, trong khi gi xut khu tng 2.5%. Tnh

n nm 2013, xut khu dch v Australia t 17,4% trong kim ngch xut khu,
tng 1.4% so vi nm 2012 (50.6 t AUD). [10]
*Nhp khu dch v
T 2011-2012, khi lng nhp khu dch v ca Australia tng 7.1%, trong
khi gi nhp khu gim 0,9%, cng trong giai on ny nhp khu dch v Australia
ln ti 60.8 AUD, tng 6,2% so vi nm trc. Tnh n nm 2013, nhp khu dch
v ca Australia chim 20% trong kim ngch nhp khu, tng 0.4% so vi nm
2012.[10]
*Cn cn thng mi dch v:
V xu hng, cn cn hng ha v dch v thm ht 678 triu USD trong
thng 9/2013, gim 49 triu USD (chim7%) so vi mc thm ht trong thng
8/2013. V iu chnh theo ma, cn cn hng ha v dch v thm ht mc 284
triu USD trong thng 9/2013, gim 409 triu USD (chim 59%) so vi mc thm
ht trong thng 8/2013. Thm ht hng ha v dch v giai on 2012-2013 tng,
chim 303 triu USD.
b. Cc d c v xu k u, n p k u c n
Du lch l ngnh dch v mi nhn ca Australia, gp phn ng k trong
vic to vic lm, thc y xut khu v kinh t khu vc, ng gp 30 t AUD vo
tng kim ngch xut khu ca Australia vo nm 2009-2010. Xut khu dch v
gio dc ng vai tr quan trng. y l lnh vc ng th 3 trong xut khu dch
v ca Australia sau du lch v vn ti v ngy cng pht trin sang nhiu th
trng mi bao gm Bc v Nam M, Chu Phi, Chu u, Bangladesh v
Philippines.
c. Chnh c

ng mi d c v

Ct gim bt cc quy nh rng buc trong lnh vc ti chnh to iu kin

cho lnh vc ny tham gia vo th trng ton cu. y ban Thng mi (Austrade)
h tr cc doanh nghip m rng kinh doanh nc ngoi vi cc thng tin v th
trng xut khu, h tr u t nc ngoi sn xut v gio dc quc t ti
Australia. Tng cng cc mi quan h song phng, a phng, tp trung chnh

sch i ngoi thi gian ti ca Australia vo khu vc chu , ti cn bng quan h

vi Trung Quc v M m bo li ch kinh t - x hi. Tip tc theo ui t do
ha thng mi thng qua thng mi khu vc APEC. t mc tiu t do ha vn
nc ngoi trn cc khon u t nc ngoi, nng cao tnh minh bch qun l,
d dng hn cho nhng ngi kinh doanh, ci thin tnh di ng kinh doanh .
1.2.4 u t quc t
u c ti p nc ngoi vo Australia v ngc li

Biu 1.2 Mc u t trc tip nc ngoi ca quc gia. Ngun:

www.firb.gov.au
Biu 1.2 m t xu hng gn y gia mc FDI ca Australia v nm
trong s cc i tc FDI quan trng nht l: M, Vng quc Anh (Anh), Nht Bn,
New Zealand v Lin minh chu u (EU) (tr Anh). Cc d liu ABS mi nht v
mc u t trc tip nc ngoi ca quc gia l nm 2009. [11]
Mc FDI Nht Bn ti Australia vo cui nm 2009 l 45t USD. Tuy
nhin, FDI Australia ti Nht Bn vn cn mc rt thp. Mc ca EU (tr Anh)
u t trc tip trong nn kinh t Australia tng ln 83 t USD vo cui nm
2009 ng thi u t trc tip ca Australia trong EU (tr Anh) l 29 t USD.
Mc u t trc tip Australia New Zealand vo cui nm 2009 l 42 t USD.
New Zealand u t trc tip ti Australia l 6 t USD vo cui nm 2009. Vng

quc Anh c truyn thng u t FDI vo Australia. Vo cui nm 2009, l 63 t

USD. Mc u t trc tip ca Australia Anh l 64 t USD vo cui nm
2009, mt s gia tng ng k trn 25 t USD vo cui nm 2008. FDI ca M l
ngun vn ln nht v quan trng nht vo Australia. Vo cui nm 2009, FDI ca
M ti Australia t 99 t USD khong 23% mc FDI ti Australia c ngun gc
t M. Mc u t trc tip ca Australia M l 100 t USD vo cui nm
2009 tng ng 29 phn trm mc u t trc tip ca Australia ra bn ngoi
. [11]
Biu 1.3 tm tt xu hng chnh trong u t nc ngoi vo, s dng d
liu trong Biu 1.2 ch ra rng Australia vn cn l mt nc nhp khu vn.

Biu 1.3 u t quc t ca Australia t 2005-06 n 2009-10.

Ngun: www.firb.gov.au
Ngoi ra, FDI chy vo Australia n nm 2012 t 231 t USD, tng mc FDI
Australia l ln th 9 trn th gii nm 2012, theo UNCTAD. Song song , FDI
ca Australia tng nhanh hn tng trng FDI ton cu l 28% (2008-2012).
Australia ng hng 6 trong ch s tin tng u t FDI v l nc duy nht trong
khu vc chu vi mt th hng n nh (theo kho st AT Kearney 2013).

Chng 2: QUAN H SONG PHNG VIT NAM - AUSTRAYLIA

2.1 Quan h chnh tr gia Vit Nam Australia
Ngy 26/02/1973, Vit Nam v Australia thit lp quan h ngoi giao. n
nay, quan h song phng gia hai nc pht trin mnh m v m rng trn tt c
cc lnh vc. T 9/2009, hai bn nht tr nng quan h ln i tc Ton din,
thng xuyn trao i chuyn thm v tip xc cp cao. Ton quyn Quentin Bryce
(5/2011) thm chnh thc tng cng hp tc c song phng v trn cc din
n khu vc. Hai nc k kt Chng trnh Hnh ng Vit Nam - Australia giai
on 2010-2013 to khun kh php l cho hp tc nhiu mt thi gian trc mt
v tch cc duy tr cc c ch hp tc song phng nh i thoi Chin lc, y
ban Hn hp v Hp tc Kinh t Thng mi JTEC, T vn Lnh s [13]
2.1 Quan h thng mi
2.1.1

im ng h xut khu, nh p khu, n n thng mi

V xut khu
Nhn chung, kim ngch xut khu tng trong giai on 2005-2011 nhng t
trng gim so vi tng kim ngch xut nhp khu ca Vit Nam, cng nh th phn
hng xut khu ca Vit Nam gim ti th trng Australia.
Vi tc tng trng bnh qun 17%/nm, Australia l 1 trong 10 i tc xut
nhp khu hng ha ln nht ca Vit Nam. Mc d th phn xut khu hng ha
ca Vit Nam trong tng kim ngch nhp khu ca Australia cha cao nhng c
nhng chuyn bin tch cc (tng t 1,25% nm 2011 ln 1,3% trong nm 2012).
Trong 9 thng u nm 2013, kim ngch xut khu sang Australia t 2,45 t USD,
tng 10% so vi cng k nm trc.[14]
V nhp khu
Kim ngch nhp khu hng ha ca Vit Nam t Australia tng t 510 triu
USD nm 2005 ln 1,770 t USD nm 2012, tc tng trng bnh qun
31,3%/nm, cao hn so vi tc tng trng nhp khu bnh qun ca Vit Nam
l 22,7%/nm trong cng thi k.[14]

10

Cn cn thng mi
Thng mi hng ha trong khong thi gian t 2005-2012, kim ngch xut
nhp khu hng ha hai chiu tng t 3079 triu USD nm 2005 ln 5010 triu
USD nm 2012 vi tc tng bnh qun 12,5%/nm. [Tr. 47, 12]
Bng 2.1: Tc tng trng v kim ngch xut nhp khu Vit Nam-Australia
2005-2012 (triu USD). Ngun: ITC
Xut khu
Kim
Tng
ngch
trng
2005 2 569

Nhp khu
Kim
Tng
ngch
trng
510

Tng s
Kim
Tng
ngch
trng
3079

2 059

2006 3 744

46%

1 196

135%

4 940

60%

2 548

2007 3 722

-1%

1 177

-2%

4 899

-1%

2 545

2008 4 399

18%

1 348

15%

5 747

17%

3 051

2009 2 471

-44%

1 088

-19%

3 558

-38%

1 384

2010 2 808

14%

1 373

26%

4 181

18%

1 435

2011 2 916

4%

1 949

42%

4 865

16%

967

2012 3 240

11%

1 770

-9%

5 010

3%

1470

Nm

Cn cn
thng mi

V tr ca Vit Nam trong quan h thng mi

V quan h kinh t, tng gi tr thng mi hai chiu t trn 5 t USD, tng ti
150 ln so vi hn 20 nm trc. Tnh n nm 2012, Vit Nam l i tc thng
mi ng th 15 ca Australia v quc gia ny l i tc thng mi th 13 ca
Vit Nam. Australia ng th 3 trong s nhng quc gia c mc ng gp cao nht
cho ngnh du lch Vit Nam, vi mc chi tiu ca khch du lch Australia trong
nm 2012 ln ti 82,1 triu USD.
Mt khc, vi dn s khong 90 triu ngi cng tc pht trin kinh t mnh
m, Vit Nam c xem l mt trong cc th trng hp dn i vi Australia. Vit
Nam c dn s tr v ngnh ch to c chi ph thp. y l nhn t chnh gip kinh
t Vit Nam pht trin, khng nh v tr ngy cng quan trng v khng th thiu
trong quan h thng mi vi Australia.
2.1.2 C u hng ha xut khu, nh p khu
Trong nhng nm 2005-2011, c cu tng kim ngch xut nhp khu Vit
Nam-Ausstralia c s thay i theo hng tng t trng hng t liu sn xut

11

(1,34% nm 2005 ln 7,99% nm 2011), tng t trng hng tiu dng (12,04% nm
2005 ln 17,77% nm 2001), gim t trng hng trung gian (83,86% nm 2005
xung cn 73,56% nm 2011) v gim t trng hng ha khng phn loi (2,76%
nm 2005 xung cn 0,68% nm 2011). Nh vy, quan h thng mi gia hai
nc c tc ng tch cc vi nn sn xut trong nc, ta c th thy r nhp
khu hng ha trung gian tng ln mt cch r rt
Trong 3 qu u nm 2013, Vit Nam xut khu sang th trng Australia
nhng mt hng chnh nh du th tip tc t kim ngch cao nht vi mc trn
1,11 t USD, tng 3,1% so vi cng k nm trc. ng th hai l mt hng in
thoi v linh kin vi tr gi t 327,3 triu USD, tng 31,1% so vi cng k nm
2012. Ngoi ra, mt s mt hng c kim ngch xut khu sang Australia tng trong
9 thng u nm 2013 so vi cng k nm trc nh: my vi tnh, sn phm in t
v linh kin tng 95,5%; c ph tng 35,9%; hng dt may tng 37,9%; sn phm t
st thp tng 49,5% Bn cnh , mt s mt hng xut khu sang th trng
Australia trong 9 thng u nm 2013 c kim ngch st gim so vi cng k nh:
ht iu gim 3,8%; sn phm t cao su gim 6,5%; qu, kim loi qu v sn
phm gim 17,8%.
2.2 QUAN H U T CA AUSTRALIA V VIT NAM
2.2.1 u t tr tip F I.
Theo thng k, giai on t 1988 2010, tng vn u t trc tip FDI ca
Australia vo Vit Nam l khong 2,1 t USD vi hn 289 d n ln nh, ng th
20 trong s cc i tc chnh u t trc tip vo Vit Nam. Cc d n u t ca
Australia c Vit Nam trin khai kh hiu qu, tp trung vo lnh vc cn nhiu
vn nh: cng nghip v xy dng; dch v; gio dc; cng nghip ch bin; nng,
lm, ng nghip.
VN U T FDI CA AUSTRALIA
VO VIT NAM NHNG NM GN Y
Tng gi tr
Nm
S d n
(tri u US )
2008
24
56,7

12

VN U T FDI CA AUSTRALIA
VO VIT NAM NHNG NM GN Y
2009
24
91,3
2010
13
30,9
2011
25
188,3
2012
20
11,3
Bng 2.2: Tnh hnh vn u t FDI vo Vit Nam giai on 2008 2012
Trong nhng nm gn y, vn FDI t Australia vo Vit Nam tng trng
khng n nh v cn hn ch so vi cc i tc kinh t khc ca Vit Nam. Trong
thi gian ti, ngun vn FDI u t vo Vit Nam c th s tng ln, do hai nc c
cc hot ng, d n k nim 40 nm thit lp quan h ngoi giao. [15]
2.2.2 u t gin tip FPI.
Vn FPI t Australia vo Vit Nam cn chim gi tr nh, khng ng k.
2.2.3 Vi n tr tr tip O A.
Trong lch s, Australia lun l i tc song phng ti tr vn ODA nhiu
nht cho Vit Nam, vi vn cam kt nm sau ln hn nm trc. Trong khi cc i
tc khc sp ngng vin tr cho Vit Nam, Australia vn gi n nh v khng
ngng pht trin ngun vn ny dnh cho Vit Nam. [16]
Nm ti kha
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014

Gi tr (triu AUD)
105,9
127,5
137,9
150,4
159,1

Bng 2.3: Tnh hnh vn ODA t Australia vo Vit Nam giai on 2009 2014
Vn ODA ca Australia vo Vit Nam ch yu tp trung vo cc lnh vc sau:
Lnh vc pht trin ngun nhn lc; nng nghip, pht trin nng thn v xa i
gim ngho; lnh vc mi trng v chng bin i kh hu. Ngoi ra, Australia cn
gip Vit Nam trong mt s lnh vc khc nh chng tham nhng, nhn quyn v
nh gi cht lng chng trnh vin tr. Nhng ng gp ca Australia trong lnh
vc ny ng gp mt phn khng nh vo cng cuc pht trin kinh t - x hi
ca Vit Nam trong thi gian qua v tip tc s th hin vai tr quan trng ca

13

Australia i vi Vit Nam trong thi gian ti. Dng vn ODA vo Vit Nam cn
tng mnh khi cc cng ty ca nc ny m rng tm kim c hi u t ti chu
[ Ivan Colhoun, 20].
2.3 Quan h kinh t khc gio dc, vn ha
Gio dc-o to:

Australia ti tr cho ta khong 398 hc bng ngn v di hn/nm. Hin c

25.000 sinh vin v nghin cu sinh Vit Nam ang hc tp ti Australia (nc c
s lng lu hc sinh ln nht). Ngoi ra, c khong 15.000 ngi ang hc ti cc
c s, cc trng i hc lin kt ca Australia ti Vit Nam.
An ninh, quc phng

Ngy cng pht trin v mang li hiu qu thit thc. T lnh cnh st Australia
thm Vit Nam (3/2010) v khai trng Trung tm phng chng ti phm xuyn
quc gia ti Tp. HCM. Hai bn ang m phn v Hip nh dn ti phm v
Hip nh tng tr t php. Australia l nc ng u v o to ting Anh v
chuyn mn cho cn b qun i Vit Nam.
Vn ho-giao lu nhn dn: Australia ng h cng nhn Hong thnh Thng
Long l Di sn Vn ho th gii v ti tr cho ta 10.000 USD xy dng cc bin ch
dn ti Hong thnh; ng thi t chc mt lot cc hot ng cho mng k nim
1000 nm Thng Long - H Ni.
2.4 nh gi quan h song phng
2.4.1 Thnh tu
Quan h gia Vit Nam v Australia c s pht trin vt bc. c bit l
tha thun nng cp quan h hai nc ln tm i tc ton din vo thng 9/2009.
Sau , hai nc cng k Chng trnh Hnh ng thc hin trin khai quan h
i tc ton din trong giai on 2010 2013. Quan h i tc ton din Vit Nam
Australia c th hin trn tt c cc lnh vc t chnh tr, kinh t, quc phng,
gio dc, khoa hc, vn ha, x hi V t c nhng thnh tu nht nh.
Nm 2011 Australia l i tc ln th mi v kim ngch xut nhp khu vi
Vit Nam. V cn cn thng mi, trong sut thi k 2001-2011Vit Nam lun

14

xut siu sang th trng Australia. C cu hng xut khu ca Vit Nam t nm
2005 n 2011 c s ci thin theo hng gim dn t trng nhm hng ha
nguyn liu v tng t trng nhm hng ha sn xut cng nghip.
2.4.2 Hn h
Mc d c tng trng trong thi k 2005-2011 nhng kim ngch xut nhp
khu Vit Nam - Australia vn cha phc hi li c vi mc cao nm 2008.
Thng mi vi Australia gim mt cch tng i v t trng trong tng giao dch
thng mi ca Vit Nam vi th gii v gim v th phn trong tng giao dch
thng mi ca Australia so vi th gii v so vi cc quc gia trong khu vc
ASEAN. n nm 2011, thng mi Vit Nam-Australia vn da ch yu vo vic
trao i nhin liu v khong sn cng nh trao i cc nhm hng nguyn liu th
v s ch khc. Cho d c s ci thin, hng xut khu l nguyn liu khong
sn v nhin liu th vn cn chim ti 55% trong tng hng ha xut khu ca
Vit Nam. [David Vanzetti, 17, tr. 14]
C cu nhp khu cng cho thy Vit Nam ch yu nhp khu cc hng ha
nguyn liu l nng sn, lng thc, thc phm th v s ch t Australia (nhm
hng ha ny chim t trng 44% trong tng s nhp khu ca Vit Nam t
Australia nm 2011).
Vi mt s lnh vc hp tc nu trn, c th khng nh quan h i tc ton
din Vit Nam Australia ang pht trin mnh m.C th ni, quan h Vit Nam Australia ang giai on pht trin tt nht trong chng ng 40 nm qua.
Chng 3: Gii php nhm y mnh, ci thin quan h song phng
3.1 Quan h chnh tr
Chnh ph Vit Nam cn ch ng y mnh vic tm hiu nhu cu lin kt,
li ch t c v chnh tr, qun s ca i tc Australia thng qua m phn, k
kt cc hip nh nhm mc tiu cng c sc mnh quc phng v an ninh quc gia
ca 2 bn. Nht l trong tnh hnh tranh chp ti Bin ng vn ang ngy cng ln
cao vi cc ng thi km thin ch t pha Trung Quc.

15

3.2 Quan h u t:
y mnh m phn song phng; t vn, h tr Australia trong vic a dng
ha cc danh mc u t khc nh: kinh doanh nng nghip, ng tu, tip th v t
vn, nh t,Nhiu cng ty Australia by t s quan tm n khai thc khong
sn Vit Nam nhng ang rc ri v c ch. Do d, chnh ph ta cn to iu kin
ngun vn ca Australia c th chy vo c lnh vc ny.
3.3 Quan h thng mi dch v:
1. Gio dc v o to l dng xut khu dch v ln nht ca Australia ti
Vit Nam. Chnh v vy, bn cnh ci cch ngnh gio dc quc gia hin ti, cn to
ng lc v iu kin cc trng o to ca nc ngoi d dng m thm cc
c s ging dy, a i ng ging vin cht lng quc t v nc ta.
2. tn dng ngun vn u t, cng nh vic gia tng trao i thng
mi gia bn, cc doanh nghip ti Vit Nam cn c chun b tm l, ch ng
trong vic nh gi tim lc ca cc i th nc ngoi t xy dng v pht
trin cc chin lc pht trin lu di v hiu qu nht.
3. Chia s li ch trong vic thc y t do ha thng mi thng qua vic
thnh lp cc khun kh thng mi ton cu, bng cch chng ch ngha bo h;
Tng cng n lc ca hai bn thc y hp tc thng mi trong khu vc. Tm
hiu khch hng tim nng tng cng v a dng ha cc cam kt thng mi.
KT LUN
Quan h kinh t Vit Nam-Australia trong thi k 2005-2013 c tng trng
nhng khng ng u. iu ny cho thy vn cn nhiu tim nng pht trin th
trng xut khu sang Australia m Vit Nam cha khai thc ht. Trong k nguyn
chu , vi v tr a l v tim lc kinh t, vi nh hng pht trin thng mi
song phng, khu vc v a phng ca mi quc gia, quan h thng mi Vit
Nam v Australia ang ng trc c hi pht trin mnh m. C c s nh
hng v h tr ca nh nc, s n lc ca cc doanh nghip, quan h thng mi
Vit Nam-Australia s t c nhng bc pht trin ln trong thi gian ti, ng
gp vo qu trnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha v pht trin kinh t ca Vit Nam.

16

DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO

1. http://www.aitduhoc.com/vi/du-hoc-uc/thong-tin-chung/113-thong-tin-coban-ve-dat-nuoc-australia.html
2. http://www.trade.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/nation.jsp?lang=vi
3. http://www.australia.com/vi/about.aspx
4. http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/australia-population/
5. http://www.vnconsul-sydney.gov.vn/nr070521165956/ns120119153518
6. http://data.worldbank.org/country/australia
7. http://www.indexmundi.com/australia/economy_profile.html
8. http://old.voer.edu.vn/module/khoa-hoc-xa-hoi/kinh-te-australia.html
9. S liu thng k ca B Ngoi giao v Thng mi Australia
http://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/
10. https://dfat.gov.au/publications/stats-pubs/mtd/australia_trade_1309.pdf
11. https://www.firb.gov.au/content/Publications/AnnualReports/20092010/Chapter4.asp
12. http://doc.edu.vn/tai-lieu/de-tai-nghien-cuu-cac-moi-quan-he-thuong-maigiua-viet-nam-va-cac-nuoc-22109/
13. http://www.qdnd.vn/qdndsite/vi-vn/61/43/10/50/50/230459/Default.aspx
14. http://www.mediafire.com/view/rk3pbxbd5aaedb2/viet.pdf
15. http://vietstock.vn/2012/10/anz-dong-von-tu-australia-vao-viet-nam-co-these-tang-manh-761-245762.htm
16. http://thanhtra.com.vn/mobile/mdetail.aspx?id=65950
17. David Vanzetti (2010), nh gi tc ng ca cc FTA n kinh t Vit
Nam, D n H tr Thng mi a bin, B Cng Thng, H Ni.

17

18. H Trung Thanh (2011), nh gi tc ng ca mt s Hip nh thng mi

t do n quan h thng mi Vit Nam-Australia, Vin Nghin cu thng
mi, B Cng Thng, H Ni
19. http://vov.vn/Chinh-tri/Quan-he-Viet-Nam-Australia-o-giai-doan-phat-trientot-nhat/278390.vov
20. Ivan Colhoun - Trng b phn Nghin cu kinh t ca Ngn hng ANZ
(Australia), 2012, http://vietstock.vn/2012/10/anz-dong-von-tu-australia-vao-

viet-nam-co-the-se-tang-manh-761-245762.htm