How to determine the tumble value?

The tumble value is defined as the ratio of angular velocity of the solid body vortex to the axial velocity of the piston. The tumble flow is a superposition of a circular and an axial movement in the direction of the piston. In general:

where va can be described by:

Under the assumption that vt and r are in the same plane, vt can be described as :

You will need a coordinate system (CS) in the center of the vortex to which the tumble value is related to and the normal vector of the plane mentioned before: Create a field function for vt. vt = dot($$Velocity, unit(cross($$Centroid ("CS") , $$normal vector of the plane))) Next create a mass flow report (MassFlow1Report) to determine the mass flow that enters the domain. Create a field function for va: va = $MassFlow1Report / ($cylinder cross section area * $Density) Last step: Tu = $vt / $va